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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)

x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024
OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-39116
Katapult Holdings, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware |  | 84-2704291
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
5360 Legacy Drive, Building 2 Plano, TX |  | 75024
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) |  | (Zip Code)

(833) 528-2785
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share | KPLT | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Redeemable Warrants | KPLTW | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐
Non-accelerated filer | x | Smaller reporting company | x
|  | Emerging growth company | x

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of May 13, 2024: 4,105,645.

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this report, including statements regarding our opportunity, our future results of operations and financial condition, business strategy, and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as “anticipate,” “assume” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “design,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potentially,” “predict,” “should,” “will,” “would,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning the following:
•executing on our business strategy, including launching new product offerings, new brand and expanding information and technology capabilities;
•our market opportunity and our ability to acquire new customers and retain existing customers;
•customer adoption and continued growth of our mobile app featuring Katapult Pay;
•the timing and impact of our growth initiatives on our future financial performance and the impact of our new executive hires and brand strategy;
•anticipating the occurrence and timing of prime lending tightening and impact on our results of operations;
•general economic conditions in the markets where we operate, the cyclical nature of consumer spending, and seasonal sales and spending patterns of customers;
•factors affecting consumer spending that are not under our control, including, among others, levels of employment, disposable consumer income, inflation, prevailing interest rates, consumer debt and availability of credit, pandemics (such as COVID-19), consumer confidence in future economic conditions, political conditions, and consumer perceptions of personal well-being and security and willingness and ability of consumers to pay for the goods they lease through us when due;
•risks relating to uncertainty of our estimates of market opportunity and forecasts of market growth;
•risks related to the concentration of a significant portion of our transaction volume with a single merchant, or type of merchant or industry;
•the effects of competition on our future business;
•meeting future liquidity requirements and complying with restrictive covenants related to long-term indebtedness;
•the impact of unstable market and economic conditions such as rising inflation and interest rates;
•reliability of our platform and effectiveness of our risk models;
•data security breaches or other information technology incidents or disruptions, including cyber-attacks, and the protection of confidential, proprietary, personal and other information, including personal data of consumers;
•attracting and retaining employees, executive officers or directors;
•effectively responding to general economic and business conditions;
•obtaining additional capital, including equity or debt financing and servicing our indebtedness;
•enhancing future operating and financial results;
•anticipating rapid technological changes, including generative artificial intelligence and other new technologies;
•complying with laws and regulations applicable to our business, including laws and regulations related to rental purchase transactions;
•staying abreast of modified or new laws and regulations applying to our business, including with respect to rental purchase transactions and data privacy;
•maintaining and growing relationships with merchants and partners;
•responding to uncertainties associated with product and service developments and market acceptance;
•impacts from new U.S. federal income tax laws;
•identifying material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting which, if not remediated, could affect the reliability of our condensed consolidated financial statements;
•successfully defending litigation;
•litigation, regulatory matters, complaints, adverse publicity and/or misconduct by employees, vendors and/or service providers;

•other events or factors, including those resulting from civil unrest, war, foreign invasions (including the conflict involving Russia and Ukraine and Israel-Hamas conflict), terrorism, public health crises and pandemics (such as COVID-19), or responses to such events;
•our ability to meet the minimum requirements for continued listing on the Nasdaq Global Market (“Nasdaq”); and
•the effects of the reverse stock split on our common stock.
Forward-looking statements are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including risks described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. Other sections of this Form 10-Q may include additional factors that could harm our business and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ from those contained in, or implied by, any forward-looking statements.
You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, achievements, events, or circumstances. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason after the date of this report or to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations. You should read this Form 10-Q and the documents that we have filed as exhibits to this report with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance, and achievements may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.
In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this report, and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and you are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.
Investors and others should note that we may announce material business and financial information to our investors using our investor relations website (ir.katapultholdings.com), our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, webcasts, press releases and conference calls. We use these mediums, including our website, to communicate with investors and the general public about our company, our products, and other issues. It is possible that the information that we make available on our website may be deemed to be material information. We therefore encourage investors and others interested in our company to review the information that we make available on our website. The contents of our website are not incorporated into this filing. We have included our investor relations website address only as an inactive textual reference and do not intend it to be an active link to our website.

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC.
FORM 10-Q
March 31, 2024
INDEX

|  | Page
PART 1 | Financial Information |
Item 1. | Financial Statements | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets — March 31, 2024 (unaudited) and December 31, 2023 | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (unaudited) — Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 | 2
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Deficit (unaudited) — Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) — Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 | 4
| Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 5
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 21
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 29
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 30
PART II | Other Information | 31
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 31
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 31
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 59
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 59
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 59
Item 5. | Other Information | 59
Item 6. | Exhibits | 60
| Signatures | 61

References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “KPLT”, “Katapult”, “we”, “us”, “the Company”, or “our” means Katapult Holdings Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries unless otherwise expressly stated or the context indicates otherwise.

PART I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

| March 31, |  | December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
| (unaudited) |  |
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 31,232 |  |  | $ | 21,408 |
Restricted cash | 6,339 |  |  | 7,403 |
Property held for lease, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment (Note 4) | 57,575 |  |  | 59,335 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 3,461 |  |  | 4,491 |
Litigation insurance reimbursement receivable (Note 13) | 5,000 |  |  | 5,000 |
Total current assets | 103,607 |  |  | 97,637 |
Property and equipment, net (Note 5) | 295 |  |  | 327 |
Security deposits | 91 |  |  | 91 |
Capitalized software and intangible assets, net (Note 6) | 1,811 |  |  | 1,919 |
Right-of-use assets (Note 9) | 812 |  |  | 888 |
Total assets | $ | 106,616 |  |  | $ | 100,862 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 1,657 |  |  | $ | 903 |
Accrued liabilities (Note 7) | 20,023 |  |  | 24,146 |
Accrued litigation settlement (Note 13) | 12,000 |  |  | 12,000 |
Unearned revenue | 5,156 |  |  | 4,949 |
Lease liabilities (Note 9) | 334 |  |  | 297 |
Total current liabilities | 39,170 |  |  | 42,295 |
Revolving line of credit, net (Note 8) | 67,631 |  |  | 60,347 |
Term loan, net, non-current (Note 8) | 26,519 |  |  | 25,503 |
Other liabilities | 257 |  |  | 95 |
Lease liabilities, non-current (Note 9) | 522 |  |  | 614 |
Total liabilities | 134,099 |  |  | 128,854 |
STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT |  |  |
Common stock, $.0001 par value-- 250,000,000 shares authorized; 4,105,645 and 4,072,713 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively | — |  |  | — |
Additional paid-in capital | 95,623 |  |  | 94,544 |
Accumulated deficit | (123,106) |  |  | (122,536) |
Total stockholders' deficit | (27,483) |  |  | (27,992) |
Total liabilities and stockholders' deficit | $ | 106,616 |  |  | $ | 100,862 |

See accompanying notes.

1

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(amounts in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

|  |  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  |  |  |  | 2024 |  | 2023
|  |  |  |  |  |  | (As Restated)
Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rental revenue |  |  |  |  | $ | 64,142 |  |  | $ | 54,131 |
Other revenue |  |  |  |  | 919 |  |  | 952 |
Total revenue |  |  |  |  | 65,061 |  |  | 55,083 |
Cost of revenue |  |  |  |  | 48,573 |  |  | 43,213 |
Gross profit |  |  |  |  | 16,488 |  |  | 11,870 |
Operating expenses |  |  |  |  | 12,688 |  |  | 15,567 |
Income (loss) from operations |  |  |  |  | 3,800 |  |  | (3,697) |
Loss on partial extinguishment of debt |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (2,391) |
Interest expense and other fees |  |  |  |  | (4,527) |  |  | (5,189) |
Interest income |  |  |  |  | 324 |  |  | 620 |
Change in fair value of warrant liability |  |  |  |  | (162) |  |  | 132 |
Loss before income taxes |  |  |  |  | (565) |  |  | (10,525) |
Provision for income taxes |  |  |  |  | (5) |  |  | (20) |
Net loss |  |  |  |  | $ | (570) |  |  | $ | (10,545) |
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted |  |  |  |  | 4,242 |  |  | 3,973 |
Net loss per common share - basic and diluted |  |  |  |  | $ | (0.13) |  |  | $ | (2.65) |

See accompanying notes.

2

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
(amounts in thousands)
(unaudited)

| Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total Stockholders' Deficit
| Shares |  | Amount |  |  |
Balances at December 31, 2023 | 4,073 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 94,544 |  |  | $ | (122,536) |  |  | $ | (27,992) |
Vesting of restricted stock units | 55 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Repurchases of restricted stock for payroll tax withholding | (22) |  |  | — |  |  | (312) |  |  | — |  |  | (312) |
Stock-based compensation expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,391 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,391 |
Net loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (570) |  |  | (570) |
Balances at March 31, 2024 | 4,106 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 95,623 |  |  | $ | (123,106) |  |  | $ | (27,483) |

| Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total Stockholders' Deficit
| Shares |  | Amount |  |  |
Balances at 12/31/2022 (As Restated) | 3,944 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 83,804 |  |  | $ | (85,870) |  |  | $ | (2,066) |
Issuance of warrants in connection with Credit Agreement amendment | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,060 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,060 |
Vesting of restricted stock units | 50 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Repurchases of restricted stock for payroll tax withholding | (12) |  |  | — |  |  | (163) |  |  | — |  |  | (163) |
Stock-based compensation expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,090 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,090 |
Net loss (As Restated) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (10,545) |  |  | (10,545) |
Balances at 3/31/2023 (As Restated) | 3,982 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 89,791 |  |  | $ | (96,415) |  |  | $ | (6,624) |

See accompanying notes.

3

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
|  |  | (As Restated)
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (570) |  |  | $ | (10,545) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 34,026 |  |  | 29,677 |
Net book value of property held for lease buyouts | 7,613 |  |  | 6,747 |
Impairment on property held for lease expense | 5,636 |  |  | 5,258 |
Change in fair value of warrants liability | 162 |  |  | (132) |
Stock-based compensation | 1,391 |  |  | 2,090 |
Loss on partial extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | 2,391 |
Amortization of debt discount | 669 |  |  | 1,093 |
Amortization of debt issuance costs, net | 66 |  |  | 81 |
Accrued PIK Interest | 347 |  |  | 530 |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 76 |  |  | 98 |
Change in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
Property held for lease | (45,249) |  |  | (43,299) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 1,029 |  |  | 3,109 |
Accounts payable | 754 |  |  | 252 |
Accrued liabilities | (4,123) |  |  | (594) |
Lease liabilities | (55) |  |  | (112) |
Unearned revenues | 208 |  |  | 450 |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 1,980 |  |  | (2,906) |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Purchases of property and equipment | — |  |  | (4) |
Additions to capitalized software | (126) |  |  | (297) |
Net cash used in investing activities | (126) |  |  | (301) |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Proceeds from revolving line of credit | 10,058 |  |  | 4,350 |
Principal repayments on revolving line of credit | (2,840) |  |  | (872) |
Principal repayment on term loan | — |  |  | (25,000) |
Repurchases of restricted stock | (312) |  |  | (163) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 6,906 |  |  | (21,685) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 8,760 |  |  | (24,892) |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | 28,811 |  |  | 69,841 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | 37,571 |  |  | $ | 44,949 |
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |  |  |
Cash paid for interest | $ | 3,382 |  |  | $ | 3,459 |
Cash paid for income taxes | $ | 112 |  |  | $ | 2 |
Deferred financing costs included in accrued liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 493 |
Issuance of warrants to purchase common stock in connection with debt refinancing | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,060 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,139 |
Cash paid for operating leases | $ | 82 |  |  | $ | 126 |

See accompanying notes.

4

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Business— Katapult Holdings, Inc.(“Katapult” or the “Company”) is an e-commerce focused financial technology company offering e-commerce point-of-sale (“POS”) lease-purchase options for non-prime US consumers. Katapult’s fully-digital technology platform provides non-prime consumers with a flexible lease-purchase option to enable them to obtain durable goods from Katapult’s network of e-commerce retailers. Katapult's end-to-end technology platform provides seamless integration with merchants.
Subsidiaries— Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries Katapult Intermediate Holdings, LLC (formerly known as Keys Merger Sub 2, LLC), Katapult Group, Inc. and Katapult SPV-1 LLC. which originates all of the Company’s leases.
Legacy Katapult was incorporated in Delaware in 2016 and changed its headquarters from New York, New York to Plano, Texas in December 2020. Katapult Group, Inc. was incorporated in the state of Delaware in 2012. Katapult SPV-1 LLC is a Delaware limited liability company formed in Delaware in 2019.
Basis of Presentation— The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). We believe the disclosures made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. However, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (“2023 Annual Report”). Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Katapult Holdings, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, of a normal recurring nature, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included in these condensed consolidated financial statements. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Reverse Stock Split— On July 27, 2023, the Company amended the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to effect, effective as of July 27, 2023, the Reverse Stock Split of our Common Stock. At the effective time of the Reverse Stock Split, every twenty-five shares of our Common Stock either issued and outstanding or held as treasury stock were automatically reclassified into one new share of our Common Stock. The Reverse Stock Split was approved by the Company’s stockholders at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders on June 6, 2023 and approved by the Board of Directors on July 11, 2023. The common stock began trading on Nasdaq on a reverse split-adjusted basis on July 28, 2023 under the existing trading symbol “KPLT.”
As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, proportionate adjustments were made to the number of shares of Common Stock underlying the Company’s outstanding equity awards and the number of shares issuable under our equity incentive plans and certain existing agreements, as well as the exercise, grant and acquisition prices of such equity awards, as applicable.
In addition, proportionate adjustments were made to the Company’s outstanding warrants, resulting in: (i) each publicly traded warrant issued under the Warrant Agreement, dated October 31, 2019, exercisable for 1/25th of a share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $287.50 per whole share; and (ii) the warrant under the Warrant to Purchase Stock, dated March 6, 2023, issued by Katapult to Midtown Madison Management LLC, exercisable for up to 160,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.25 per share.
No fractional shares were issued in connection with the Reverse Stock Split. Stockholders who were entitled to receive fractional shares as a result of the Reverse Stock Split received one full share of post-Reverse Stock Split Common Stock, in lieu of receiving such fractional shares.
The effects of the Reverse Stock Split have been reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements for all periods presented.
5

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
2.RESTATEMENT OF PREVIOUSLY ISSUED UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
As described in Notes 2 and 16 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included within Part II, Item 8 contained on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, the Company restated its consolidated financial statements as and for the year ended December 31, 2022 and the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements for each of interim periods within the year ended December 31, 2023.
Description of Restatement Errors
The errors identified as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are as follows:
a.Rental revenue - The Company determined that it miscalculated sales tax payable related to certain customer lease payments going back multiple years. The Company performed an assessment of its sales tax liability across all jurisdictions for potential additional exposure and determined that there was an overstatement of rental revenue and an understatement of sales tax payable included in accrued liabilities. The impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements is as follows:
i.Condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2023 is a decrease to rental revenue of $593
ii.Condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 is an increase to sales tax payable included in accrued liabilities of $5,981
b.Cost of revenue- Correction to depreciation expense related to property held for lease, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment, included in cost of revenue, of $1,040 for certain leases originated on or before December 31, 2022. Impact to the balance sheet to correct this error is a decrease to property held for lease, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment of $995 and a decrease to prepaid expenses and other current assets of $45.
c.Other errors - There are other errors not described in items (a) or (b) of this note. These errors and related restatement adjustments were not material for the three months ended March 31, 2023. See Notes 2 and 16 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included within Part II, Item 8 contained in the 2023 Annual Report for more details.
The following tables present a reconciliation of the as previously reported condensed consolidated financial statements to the restated amounts as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 which include the following: (1) as restated condensed consolidated balance sheet, (2) as restated condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss and (3) as restated condensed consolidated statement of cash flows. Presented below are the changes to each financial statement line item which changed as a result of the restatement.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet

| As of March 31, 2023
| As Previously Reported |  | Restatement Adjustments |  | As Restated
Property held for lease, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment | $ | 52,801 |  |  | $ | (1,268) |  |  | $ | 51,533 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 5,737 |  |  | $ | (745) |  |  | $ | 4,992 |
Total current assets | $ | 103,487 |  |  | $ | (2,013) |  |  | $ | 101,474 |
Total assets | $ | 106,760 |  |  | $ | (2,013) |  |  | $ | 104,747 |
Accrued liabilities | $ | 14,040 |  |  | $ | 5,981 |  |  | $ | 20,021 |
Unearned revenue | $ | 2,002 |  |  | $ | 2,631 |  |  | $ | 4,633 |
Total current liabilities | $ | 17,901 |  |  | $ | 8,612 |  |  | $ | 26,513 |
Total liabilities | $ | 102,759 |  |  | $ | 8,612 |  |  | $ | 111,371 |
Accumulated deficit | $ | (85,790) |  |  | $ | (10,625) |  |  | $ | (96,415) |
Total stockholders' (deficit) equity | $ | 4,001 |  |  | $ | (10,625) |  |  | $ | (6,624) |
Total liabilities and stockholders' (deficit) equity | $ | 106,760 |  |  | $ | (2,013) |  |  | $ | 104,747 |

6

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
| As Previously Reported |  | Restatement Adjustments |  |  |  | As Restated
Rental revenue | $ | 54,724 |  |  | $ | (593) |  |  |  |  | $ | 54,131 |
Total revenue | $ | 55,676 |  |  | $ | (593) |  |  |  |  | $ | 55,083 |
Cost of revenue | $ | 42,173 |  |  | $ | 1,040 |  |  |  |  | $ | 43,213 |
Gross profit | $ | 13,503 |  |  | $ | (1,633) |  |  |  |  | $ | 11,870 |
Compensation costs | $ | 7,057 |  |  | $ | (202) |  |  |  |  | $ | 6,855 |
Total operating expenses | $ | 15,769 |  |  | $ | (202) |  |  |  |  | $ | 15,567 |
Loss from operations | $ | (2,266) |  |  | $ | (1,431) |  |  |  |  | $ | (3,697) |
Loss before income taxes | $ | (9,094) |  |  | $ | (1,431) |  |  |  |  | $ | (10,525) |
Net loss | $ | (9,114) |  |  | $ | (1,431) |  |  |  |  | $ | (10,545) |
Net loss per common share - basic and diluted | $ | (2.29) |  |  | $ | (0.36) |  |  |  |  | $ | (2.65) |

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
| As Previously Reported |  | Restatement Adjustments |  |  |  | As Restated
Net loss | $ | (9,114) |  |  | $ | (1,431) |  |  |  |  | $ | (10,545) |
Depreciation and amortization | $ | 29,012 |  |  | $ | 665 |  |  |  |  | $ | 29,677 |
Net book value of property held for lease buyouts | $ | 6,452 |  |  | $ | 295 |  |  |  |  | $ | 6,747 |
Impairment on property held for lease expense | $ | 5,223 |  |  | $ | 35 |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,258 |
Property held for lease | $ | (43,013) |  |  | $ | (286) |  |  |  |  | $ | (43,299) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 2,778 |  |  | $ | 331 |  |  |  |  | $ | 3,109 |
Accrued liabilities | $ | (985) |  |  | $ | 391 |  |  |  |  | $ | (594) |
Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (2,906) |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | (2,906) |

The impact to the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’deficit for the three months ended March 31, 2023 is an increase to accumulated deficit of $10,625.
3.SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Use of Estimates— The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of income and expense during the reporting periods. The most significant estimates relate to the selection of useful lives of property and equipment, the selection of useful lives for property held for lease and the related depreciation method, impairments, determination of fair value of stock option grants, and the valua tion allowance associated with deferred tax assets. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, and makes adjustments when facts and circumstances dictate. These estimates are based on information available as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements; therefore, actual results could differ from those estimates.
Segment Information— Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is the chief executive officer. The Company has one business activity and there are no segment managers who are held accountable for operations, operating results and plans for levels or components below the consolidated unit level. Accordingly, the Company has one operating segment, and therefore, one reportable segment.
Cash and Cash Equivalents—As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, cash consists primarily of checking and savings deposits. The Company holds certain cash equivalents, which consist of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase.
7

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Restricted Cash—The Company classifies all cash whose use is limited by contractual provisions as restricted cash. Restricted cash as of March 31, 2024, December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023 consists primarily of cash advanced from the lines of credit in Katapult SPV-1 LLC, which were established pursuant to various agreements for the purpose of funding and servicing originated leases. All of the Company’s restricted cash is classified as current due to its short-term nature.
The reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash is as follows:

| March 31, |  | December 31, |  | March 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2023
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 31,232 |  |  | $ | 21,408 |  |  | $ | 40,552 |
Restricted cash | 6,339 |  |  | 7,403 |  |  | 4,397 |
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 37,571 |  |  | $ | 28,811 |  |  | $ | 44,949 |

Property Held for Lease, Net of Accumulated Depreciation and Impairment— Property held for lease consists of furniture, mattresses, consumer electronics, appliances, and other durable goods offered for lease-purchase in the normal course of business. Such property is provided to consumers pursuant to a lease-purchase agreement with a minimum lease term; typically one week, two weeks, or one month. The renewal periods of the initial lease term of the agreement are typically 10, 12 or 18 months. Consumers may terminate a lease agreement at any time without penalty. The average consumer continues to lease the property for 8 months because the consumer either exercises the buyout (early purchase) options or terminates the lease purchase agreement prior to the end of the 10, 12 or 18 month renewal periods. As a result, property held for lease is classified as a current asset in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Property held for lease is recorded at cost, excluding shipping costs, and is carried at net book value. Depreciation for property held for lease is determined using the income forecasting method and is included within cost of revenue. Under the income forecasting method, property held for lease is depreciated in the proportion of rents received to total expected rents received based on historical data, which is an activity-based method similar to the units of production method. The Company provides for impairment for the undepreciated balance of the property held for lease assuming no salvage value with a corresponding charge to cost of revenue. Impairment expense includes expense related to property identified as impaired based on historical data, including default trends, such that the recorded amount closely approximates actual impairment expense incurred during the period. The Company derecognizes the undepreciated net book value of property buyouts as buyouts occur with a corresponding charge to cost of revenue. The Company periodically evaluates fully depreciated property held for lease, net and when it is determined there is no future economic benefit, the cost of the assets is written off and the related accumulated depreciation is reversed.
Property and Equipment, Net— Property and equipment other than property held for lease are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are calculated using the straight-line method and are recorded in general and administrative expense over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are described below:

Property and Equipment | Useful Life
Computer, office and other equipment | 5 years
Computer software | 3 years
Furniture and fixtures | 7 years
Leasehold improvements | Shorter of estimated useful life or remaining lease term

Capitalized Software— The Company capitalizes certain development costs incurred in connection with its internal use software. Costs incurred in the preliminary stages of development are expensed as incurred. Capitalization of costs begins when the preliminary project stage is completed, and it is probable that the project will be completed and used for its intended function. Once an application has reached the development stage, internal and external costs, if direct and incremental, are capitalized until the software is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Capitalization ceases upon completion of all substantial testing. The Company also capitalizes costs related to specific upgrades and enhancements when it is probable the expenditures will result in additional features and functionality. Maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Internal use software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, generally three years. Capitalized software cost is included within the Capitalized software and intangible assets, net line item of our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
8

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Amortization of capitalized software is included in operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
Debt Issuance Costs— Costs incurred in connection with the issuance of the Company’s revolving line of credit (“RLOC”) and Term Loan have been recorded as a direct reduction against the debt and amortized over the life of the associated debt as a component of interest expense. The amortization of the Term Loan issuance costs utilizes the effective interest method, and the amortization of the RLOC debt issuance costs utilizes the straight-line method, which is not materially different compared to the effective interest method. The amortization of debt issuance costs is recorded and included in interest expense and other fees in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets— The Company assesses long-lived assets for impairment in accordance with the provisions of ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment. Long-lived assets, such as intangible assets and property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. The amount of impairment loss, if any, is measured as the difference between the carrying value of the asset and its estimated fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values and third-party independent appraisals, as considered necessary. No impairment charges have been recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023, respectively.
Rental Revenue— Our lease-to-own agreements, which comprise the majority of our revenue, fall within the scope of ASC 842, Leases under lessor accounting and we are recognizing revenue from customers when revenue is earned and cash is collected. Pro perty held for lease is leased to customers pursuant to lease purchase agreements with an initial term: typically one week, two weeks, or one month, with non-refundable lease payments. Generally, the customer has the right to acquire title either through a 90-day promotional pricing option, an early purchase option (buyout) available prior to completion of the full agreement, or by completing all lease renewal payments, generally 10 to 18 months. On any current lease, customers have the option to terminate the agreement at any time without penalty in accordance with the lease term. Accordingly, lease-purchase agreements are accounted for as operating leases under ASC 842, Leases with lease revenues recognized in the period they are earned and cash is collected. Amounts received from customers who elect early purchase options (buyouts) are included in rental revenue. Lease payments received prior to their due dates are deferred and recorded as unearned revenue and are recognized as rental revenue in the month in which the revenue is earned. Rental revenue also includes agreed-upon charges assessed for customer lease applications. Payments are received upon submission of the applications and execution of the lease-purchase agreements. Services are considered to be rendered and revenue earned over the initial lease term.
Revenues from our direct integration leases are reported net of sales taxes. For our direct integration transactions, we collect sales tax from each customer's lease payment and set up a sales tax payable for remittance to the respective state. For our Katapult Pay transactions, we remit to the merchant partner the amount of the purchased goods including sales tax, which is capitalized as part of the investment and included in property held for lease and is depreciated into cost of revenue. Revenue is recognized for our Katapult Pay transactions when lease payments are received from customers.
Other Revenue— Other revenue consists primarily of asset sales revenue related to the sale of property held for lease, transfer of related lease obligations and past due lease payments. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company continued to advance its strategy to focus on additional opportunities to generate revenue, which includes the sale of property held for lease to third parties. The sale of property held for lease is now considered recurring and ordinary in nature to the Company’s business. As such, these sales are accounted for within the scope of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenue is recognized when a performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control over an asset to a customer. Revenue is recorded with corresponding costs of revenue, presented on a gross basis. We recognized revenue from sales of property held for lease of $729 and $882, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Stock-Based Compensation— The Company measures and records compensation expense related to stock-based awards based on the fair value of those awards as determined on the date of the grant. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense over the requisite service period of the individual grant, generally equal to the vesting period and uses the straight-line method to recognize stock-based compensation. The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton (“Black-Scholes”) option-pricing model to determine the estimated fair value of stock option awards. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires estimates of highly subjective assumptions, which affect the fair value of each stock option. Forfeitures are accounted for as they are incurred.
The Company calculates the fair value of stock options granted to employees by using the following assumptions:
9

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Expected Volatility—The Company estimates volatility for stock option grants by evaluating the average historical volatility of a peer group of companies for the period immediately preceding the stock option grant for a term that is approximately equal to the stock options’ expected term.
Expected Term—The expected term of the Company’s stock options represents the period that the stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding. The Company has elected to use the midpoint of the stock options vesting term and contractual expiration period to compute the expected term, as the Company does not have sufficient historical information to develop reasonable expectations about future exercise patterns and post-vesting employment termination behavior.
Risk-Free Interest Rate—The risk-free interest rate is based on the implied yield currently available on US Treasury zero-coupon issues with a term that is equal to the stock options’ expected term at the grant date.
Dividend Yield—The Company has not declared or paid dividends to date and does not anticipate declaring dividends. As such, the dividend yield has been estimated to be zero.
Income Taxes—The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method pursuant to ASC 740, Income Taxes. Under this method, the Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in our condensed consolidated financial statements. Under this method, the Company determines deferred tax assets and liabilities on the basis of the differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities by using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
The Company recognizes deferred tax assets to the extent that these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. If the Company determines that the Company would be able to realize deferred tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, the Company would make an adjustment to the deferred tax asset valuation allowance, which would reduce the provision for income taxes.
The Company records uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740 on the basis of a two-step process in which (1) the Company determines whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained on the basis of the technical merits of the position and (2) for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the Company recognizes the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority.
The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the income tax expense line in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, no accrued interest or penalties are included on the related tax liability line in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Net Loss Per Share– The Company calculates basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders using the two-class method required for companies with participating securities.
Under the two-class method, basic net loss per share available to stockholders is calculated by dividing the net loss available to stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share available to stockholders is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding for the period. In periods in which the Company reports a net loss available to stockholders, diluted net loss per share available to stockholders would be the same as basic net loss per share available to stockholders, since dilutive common shares are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive. The Company reported net loss available to common shareholders during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Fair Value Measurements- Fair value accounting is applied for all assets and liabilities and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or an exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company follows the established framework for measuring fair value.
10

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The authoritative guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to measurements involving significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
Level 1—Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2—Inputs are observable, unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the related assets or liabilities.
Level 3—Inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.
The level in the fair value hierarchy within which a fair value measurement in its entirety falls is based on the lowest-level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.
The Company’s financial instruments consist of accounts payable, accrued expenses, warrant liability, the RLOC, and the Term Loan. Accounts payable and accrued expenses are stated at their carrying value, which approximates fair value due to the short time to the expected receipt or payment date. Our condensed consolidated financial statements also include fair value level 3 measurements of private common stock warrants. The Company uses a third-party valuation firm to determine the fair value of certain of the Company's financial instruments. Refer to Note 13 for discussion of fair value measurements.
Concentrations of Credit Risk— Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash. A portion of the Company’s cash balances exceed those that are federally insured. To date, the Company has not recognized any losses caused by uninsured balances.
Significant customers are those which represent more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue or gross accounts receivable balance at each balance sheet date. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company also did not have any customers that accounted for 10% or more of outstanding gross accounts receivable and during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company did not have any customers that accounted for 10% or more of total revenue.
A significant portion of the Company’s transaction volume is with a limited number of merchants, including most significantly, Wayfair Inc.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted— In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU will improve the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. This update is effective for public entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 with early adoption permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The Company is still evaluating the impact of this ASU.
4.PROPERTY HELD FOR LEASE, NET OF ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION AND IMPAIRMENT
Property held for lease, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment consists of the following:

| March 31, |  | December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
Property held for lease | $ | 216,098 |  |  | $ | 290,808 |
Less: accumulated depreciation and impairment | (158,523) |  |  | (231,473) |
Property held for lease, net | $ | 57,575 |  |  | $ | 59,335 |

11

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
The table below details our cost of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

|  |  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  |  |  |  | 2024 |  | 2023
|  |  |  |  |  |  | (As Restated)
Depreciation expense related to property held for lease |  |  |  |  | $ | 33,760 |  |  | $ | 29,480 |
Net book value of property buyouts |  |  |  |  | 7,613 |  |  | 6,747 |
Impairment on property held for lease expense |  |  |  |  | 5,636 |  |  | 5,258 |
Other (1) |  |  |  |  | 1,564 |  |  | 1,728 |
Total cost of revenue |  |  |  |  | $ | 48,573 |  |  | $ | 43,213 |

(1) Other consists mainly of payment processing fees, incentives and other lease related costs.
Substantially all property held for lease, net is on-lease as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
5.PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property and equipment, net consists of the following:

| March 31, |  | December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
Computer, office and other equipment | $ | 834 |  |  | $ | 822 |
Computer software | 80 |  |  | 80 |
Furniture and fixtures | 100 |  |  | 100 |
Leasehold improvements | 252 |  |  | 263 |
| 1,266 |  |  | 1,265 |
Less: accumulated depreciation | (971) |  |  | (938) |
Property and equipment, net | $ | 295 |  |  | $ | 327 |

We recognized depreciation expense related to property and equipment, net of $33 and $47 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which is included in operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
6.CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
Capitalized software and intangible assets, net consists of the following:

| March 31, |  | December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
Capitalized software | $ | 3,671 |  |  | $ | 3,545 |
Domain name | 16 |  |  | 16 |
| 3,687 |  |  | 3,561 |
Less: accumulated amortization | (1,876) |  |  | (1,642) |
Capitalized software and intangible assets, net | $ | 1,811 |  |  | $ | 1,919 |

We recognized amortization expense for capitalized software and intangible assets of $234 and $150 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which is included in operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
12

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
The following table summarizes estimated future amortization expense of capitalized software, exclusive of software not yet placed in service, as of March 31, 2024:

Year |  | Future Amortization Expense of Capitalized Software
2024 |  | $ | 562 |
2025 |  | 421 |
2026 |  | 143 |
2027 |  | 2 |
|  | $ | 1,128 |

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $667 and $581 of capitalized software was not yet placed in service, respectively.
7.ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Accrued liabilities consists of the following:

| March 31, |  | December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
Bonus accrual | $ | 1,327 |  |  | $ | 4,183 |
Sales tax payable | 14,425 |  |  | 14,527 |
Unfunded lease payable | 3,035 |  |  | 3,578 |
Interest payable | 151 |  |  | 140 |
Other accrued liabilities | 1,085 |  |  | 1,718 |
Total accrued liabilities | $ | 20,023 |  |  | $ | 24,146 |

8.DEBT
On March 6, 2023, the Company entered into the 15th amendment to the loan and security agreement (as amended, the “15th Amendment" to the “Credit Agreement”) with Midtown Madison Management LLC, as agent for various funds of Atalaya Capital Management (the “Lender”). As part of the amendment, the maturity date of the RLOC and the senior secured term loan (“Term Loan”) was extended to June 4, 2025 and the commitments under the RLOC were reduced to $75,000 from $125,000. The spread on the RLOC was increased to 8.5% from 7.5%, while the spread on the Term Loan remained at 8.0%. Additionally, effective April 1, 2023, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) replaced the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), plus a 0.10% credit adjustment spread, for both the RLOC and the Term Loan’s benchmark rate for interest rate calculations. As of March 31, 2024, the interest rates for the RLOC and Term Loan, were 13.9% and 17.9%, respectively, (which includes the 4.5% interest rate applicable to interest paid-in-kind (“PIK”) with respect to the Term Loan).
In connection with the 15th Amendment, the Company repaid $25,000 of outstanding principal amount of the Term Loan and issued a warrant to purchase up to 80,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.25 per share, which vested on September 6, 2023. On December 5, 2023, we issued a warrant to purchase an additional 80,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.25 per share which are vested. In conjunction with the 15th Amendment, the Company incurred a loss on partial extinguishment of debt of $2,391 during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The loss on partial extinguishment of debt is attributed to the derecognition of a proportionate amount of the unamortized debt discount, a result of repaying the $25,000 of outstanding principal on the Term Loan.
In addition, the 15th Amendment also updated certain financial covenants each as defined in the 15th Amendment, including the Minimum Adjusted EBITDA levels, Minimum Tangible Net Worth, Minimum Liquidity and compliance with a Total Advance Rate.
13

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
A reconciliation of the outstanding principal to the carrying amount of the RLOC is as follows:

| March 31, |  | December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
Principal balance | $ | 67,961 |  |  | $ | 60,744 |
Less: Unamortized issuance costs | (330) |  |  | (397) |
Total carrying amount | $ | 67,631 |  |  | $ | 60,347 |

The issuance costs are amortized over the life of the RLOC and included in interest expense and other fees in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
A reconciliation of the outstanding principal to the carrying amount of the Term Loan is as follows:

| March 31, |  | December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
Principal balance | $ | 25,000 |  |  | $ | 25,000 |
PIK | 5,687 |  |  | 5,340 |
Less: Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs | (4,168) |  |  | (4,837) |
Total carrying amount | $ | 26,519 |  |  | $ | 25,503 |

The interest rate for PIK interest on the Term Loan (as defined in the 15th Amendment) is (A) if Liquidity is greater than $25,000, 4.5% or (B) if Liquidity is less than $25,000, 6%. We recognized amortization expense related to the Term Loan discount and issuance costs of $669 and $776 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs is included in interest expense and other fees in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
The RLOC and Term Loan are also subject to certain customary representations, affirmative covenants, which consist of maintaining lease performance metrics, financial ratios related to operating results, and lease delinquency ratios, along with customary negative covenants.
On April 24, 2024, the Company entered into the Limited Waiver and 16th Amendment to the Credit Agreement with the Lender (the "16th Amendment"). Pursuant to such 16th Amendment, the Lender granted the Company a waiver of any Specified Defaults (as defined in the 16th Amendment) related to the accounting errors that led to the restatement of the Company’s financial statements for all reporting periods prior to the date of the amendment to the extent such financial statements and certifications were impacted by the restatement. In addition, the 16th Amendment also updated certain financial cove nants each as defined in the 16 th Amendment, including Minimum Adjusted EBITDA (Trailing 3 Months), Minimum Adjusted EBITDA (YTD) and Minimum Tangible Net Worth. As a result, the Company is in compliance with all of its covenants as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
9.LEASES
Lessor Information— Refer to Note 2 to these condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about the Company’s revenue generating activities as a lessor. All of the Company’s customer agreements are considered operating leases.
Lessee Information— The Company determines if a contract contains a lease at inception. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date of the lease based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company uses the incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of lease payments, as the implicit rate is not readily determinable. The ROU asset also includes any lease payments made. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Company leases office space in New York, NY and Plano, TX under operating leases with non-cancelable lease terms which end in June 2025 and June 2031, respectively. Lease expenses are included in operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.
14

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
The following is a schedule of future minimum lease payments required under the non-cancelable leases as of March 31, 2024, reconciled to the present value of operating lease liabilities:

Year |  | Future Minimum Lease Payments
2024 |  | $ | 302 |
2025 |  | 275 |
2026 |  | 108 |
2027 |  | 111 |
2028 |  | 114 |
Thereafter |  | 302 |
Total future minimum lease payments |  | $ | 1,212 |
Less: Interest |  | (356) |
Total present value of lease liabilities |  | $ | 856 |

Lease Liabilities— Lease liabilities consist of the following:

| March 31, |  | December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
Current portion of lease liabilities | $ | 334 |  |  | $ | 297 |
Long-term lease liabilities, net of current portion | 522 |  |  | 614 |
Total lease liabilities | $ | 856 |  |  | $ | 911 |

We recognized rent expense for operating leases of $101 and $134 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had a weighted average remaining lease term of 5.2 years and a weighted average discount rate of 12.2%.
10.STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company has two stock incentive plans, the Cognical Holdings, Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan, (the “2014 Plan”) and the Katapult Holdings, Inc. 2021 Stock Incentive Plan, (the “2021 Plan”).
2014 Plan
In accordance with the 2014 Plan, the board of directors of Legacy Katapult could grant equity awards to officers, employees, directors and consultants for common stock. There were no stock options or other equity awards granted during 2024 and 2023. The 2014 Plan has specific vesting for each stock option grant allowing vesting of the options over one to four years. No equity awards have been granted under the 2014 Plan since October 2020 and no new equity awards are expected to be granted under the 2014 Plan.
15

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Stock Options
A summary of the status of the stock options under the 2014 Plan as of March 31, 2024, and changes during the three months then ended is presented below:

| Number of Shares |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Balance - December 31, 2023 | 322,405 |  |  | $ | 7.30 |  |  | 5.3 |  | $ | 1,539 |
Granted | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Exercised | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  |
Balance - March 31, 2024 | 322,405 |  |  | $ | 7.30 |  |  | 5.1 |  | $ | 1,731 |
Exercisable - March 31, 2024 | 322,291 |  |  | $ | 7.27 |  |  | 5.1 |  | $ | 1,731 |
Unvested - March 31, 2024 | 114 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 5.1 |  | $ | — |

No stock options were exercised during either the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023.
2021 Plan
On June 9, 2021, the 2021 Plan, which was previously approved by the board of directors and stockholders, became effective.
In accordance with the 2021 Plan, directors may issue equity awards, including restricted stock awards (“RSA”), restricted stock unit awards (“RSU”) and stock options to officers, employees, directors and consultants to purchase common stock. The awards granted are subject to either service-based and/or performance-based vesting conditions. Awards granted under the 2021 Plan generally vest over one to four years depending upon the grantee. The total number of common stock authorized for issuance under our 2021 Plan is 639,467.
Stock Options
A summary of the status of the stock options under the 2021 Plan as of March 31, 2024, and changes during the three months then ended is presented below:

| Number of Shares |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Balance - December 31, 2023 | 13,865 |  |  | $ | 261.25 |  |  | 7.5 |  | $ | — |
Granted | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Exercised | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Balance - March 31, 2024 | 13,865 |  |  | $ | 261.25 |  |  | 7.3 |  | $ | — |
Exercisable - March 31, 2024 | 11,554 |  |  | $ | 261.25 |  |  | 7.3 |  | $ | — |
Unvested - March 31, 2024 | 2,311 |  |  | $ | 261.25 |  |  | 7.3 |  | $ | — |

As of March 31, 2024, total compensation cost not yet recognized related to unvested stock options was $335, which is expected to be recognized over a period of 0.6 years. No stock options were granted under the 2021 Plan during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
16

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Restricted Stock Units
Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) are equity awards granted to employees that entitle the holder to shares of common stock when the awards vest. RSUs are measured based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.
A summary of the status of the RSUs under the 2021 Plan as of March 31, 2024, and changes during the three months then ended is presented below:

| Number of RSUs |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding - December 31, 2023 | 278,290 |  | $ | 34.05 |
Granted | 30 |  | 11.66 |
Vested | (54,638) |  | 34.21 |
Forfeited | (882) |  | 27.95 |
Outstanding - March 31, 2024 | 222,800 |  | $ | 34.04 |

Stock-Based Compensation Expense— We recognized stock-based compensation expense of $1,391 and $2,090 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense is included in operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
As of March 31, 2024, there was $6,466 of unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested RSU’s. This amount is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years. The total fair value of vested RSUs as of their respective vesting dates were $782.
11.INCOME TAXES
We recorded an income tax provision of $5 and $20 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The income tax provisions for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 relates predominately to state income taxes. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 is different than the statutory rate primarily due to changes in the Company’s valuation allowance
As of December 31, 2023, the Company had U.S. federal net operating loss carryforward of $132,800 that expire at various dates from 2032 through 2037 and includes $102,200 that have an unlimited carryforward period. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has U.S. state and local net operating loss carryforwards of $96,900 that expire from 2024 to 2043.
In evaluating its ability to realize its net deferred tax assets, the Company considered all available positive and negative evidence, such as past operating results, forecasted earnings, prudent and feasible tax planning strategies, and the future realization of the tax benefits of existing temporary differences. The Company remains in a cumulative tax loss position for the 36 months ended March 31, 2024, and determined that it is more likely than not that its net deferred tax assets will not be realized. Th e Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
12.NET LOSS PER SHARE
As discussed in Note 7, on March 6, 2023, in connection with the 15th amendment to our Credit Agreement, the Company issued a warrant to purchase up to 80,000 shares of the Company common stock at an exercise price of $0.25 per share, which vested on September 6, 2023. On December 5, 2023, we issued a warrant to purchase an additional 80,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.25 per share which are vested. The warrants are considered exercisable for 160,000 shares for little to no consideration and the shares are therefore included in basic shares outstanding at their issuance date.
The Company’s potentially dilutive securities, which include unvested RSUs, stock options to purchase common stock and warrants to purchase common stock, have been excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for certain periods, as the effect would be antidilutive. Therefore, the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding used to calculate both basic and diluted net loss per share is the same in periods of a net loss. The Company excluded the following potential common shares, presented based on amounts outstanding at each period end, from the computation of diluted net loss per share
17

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
for the periods indicated because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect (adjusted for after the Reverse Stock Split):

| Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2024 |  | 2023 |
Public warrants | 500,000 |  |  | 500,000 |  |
Private warrants | 13,300 |  |  | 13,300 |  |
Stock options | 336,270 |  |  | 336,563 |  |
Unvested restricted stock units | 222,800 |  |  | 193,896 |  |
Warrants issued in connection with 15th amendment to Credit Agreement | — |  |  | 80,000 |  |
Total common stock equivalents | 1,072,370 |  |  | 1,123,759 |  |

13.COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Litigation risk— From time to time, the Company may become involved in various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. Management is of the opinion that the ultimate liability, if any, from these actions will not have a material effect on its financial condition or results of operations. The Company is not currently aware of any indemnification or other claims, except as discussed below and has not accrued any liabilities related to such obligations in our condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
Except as set forth below, the Company and its subsidiaries are not a party to, and their properties are not the subject of, any material pending legal proceedings.
DCA Litigation
On April 9, 2021, Daiwa Corporate Advisory LLC (“DCA”), filed a complaint filed in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County. The complaint relates to an April 11, 2018 letter agreement (the “Letter Agreement”) entered into by DCA and Legacy Katapult. Among other things, DCA alleges that Katapult breached its obligations to (i) provide DCA a right of first refusal to act as the “exclusive financial advisor” with respect to the 2020 sales transaction and the 2020 PIPE transaction, (ii) pay DCA fees in connection with such advisory roles, and (iii) pay a $100 termination fee when it terminated the Letter Agreement. DCA seeks damages in an amount to be determined by trial and seeks attorneys’ fees and costs, an award of pre- and- post -judgment interest, and such other and further relief as the Court deems just and proper.
On September 12, 2022, DCA filed a motion seeking summary judgment as to its claims, and on September 13, 2022, the Company filed a motion seeking summary judgment as to DCA’s first cause of action. The parties subsequently filed opposition and reply briefs and unsuccessfully attempted to resolve the matter via mediation. On September 6, 2023, the Court issued its decision and order on the motions, granting in part each party’s motion. It found that (1) Katapult breached its obligation to offer DCA the opportunity to act as its advisor on the 2020 sale transaction but that a triable question of fact remains regarding the damages, if any, caused by the breach (2) Katapult did not breach the contract with respect to its failure to offer DCA the opportunity to act as its advisor on the 2020 PIPE transaction; and (3) a triable question of fact remains regarding whether Katapult breached any obligations regarding the termination fee. This matter is scheduled for trial in September 2024. The Company intends to vigorously defend against the claims in this action.
Shareholder Litigation
On August 27, 2021, a putative class action lawsuit, captioned McIntosh v. Katapult Holdings, Inc., et al, was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. The operative second amended complaint was filed on November 4, 2022 against Katapult Holdings, Inc., three current and former Company officers, and two FinServ officers. The second amended complaint alleges violations of Sections 10(b), 14(a), and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and seeks an unspecified amount of damages on behalf of persons and entities that (a) beneficially owned and/or held FinServ common stock as of the close of business on May 11, 2021 and were eligible to vote at FinServ’s June 7, 2021 special meeting (the “FinServ Putative Class”); or (b) purchased or otherwise acquired Katapult securities between June 15, 2021 and August 9, 2021, inclusive (the “Katapult Putative Class”). On May 26, 2022, the Court appointed a lead plaintiff, but on August 8, 2023, the court dismissed the Katapult Putative Class’s claims which were under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) and dismissed two current and former Company officers from the case. The Court declined to dismiss certain of the FinServ Putative Class’s claims under
18

KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Sections 14(a) and 20(a). The Company and the remaining defendants intend to vigorously defend against the claims in this action.
On August 25, 2022, a purported Company stockholder filed a putative class action lawsuit, captioned Saunders v. Einbinder, et al., against directors and officers of FinServ Acquisition Corp. (“FinServ”) and FinServ Holdings LLC in the Delaware Court of Chancery. The operative amended complaint was filed on January 27, 2023, alleging that defendants breached their fiduciary duties by making false and misleading disclosures to induce FinServ stockholders to approve FinServ’s merger with Katapult. On March 13, 2023, the Court granted the parties’ stipulation to dismiss FinServ Holdings LLC from the case and amended the caption as In re FinServ Acquisition Corp. SPAC Litigation.
In December 2023, the Company and the plaintiffs in both the New York and Delaware class action lawsuits began mediation to reach a resolution to the pending lawsuits and all parties have accepted the mediator's recommendation to settle the class action lawsuits. Given the status of the settlement talks, consistent with U.S. GAAP, the Company accrued a contingent liability of $12,000 in accrued litigation settlement in its condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023. The Company also recorded a $5,000 litigation insurance reimbursement receivable in its condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023. These amounts are included in our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2024. The Company recorded a $7,000 litigation expense, net in its consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2023, which is net of the $5,000 litigation insurance reimbursement. The settlement, if any, may be satisfied in a combination of cash and shares.
14.FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The Company’s financial instruments consist of its warrant liability, RLOC, and Term Loan.
The estimated fair value of the Company’s RLOC and Term Loan were as follows:

| March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
| Principal amount |  | Carrying amount |  | Fair value |  | Principal amount |  | Carrying amount |  | Fair value
RLOC | $ | 67,961 |  |  | $ | 67,631 |  |  | $ | 70,804 |  |  | $ | 60,744 |  |  | $ | 60,347 |  |  | $ | 64,631 |
Term Loan | 30,687 |  |  | 26,519 |  |  | 33,328 |  |  | 30,340 |  |  | 25,503 |  |  | 33,900 |
| $ | 98,648 |  |  | $ | 94,150 |  |  | $ | 104,132 |  |  | $ | 91,084 |  |  | $ | 85,850 |  |  | $ | 98,531 |

The estimated fair values of the Company’s RLOC and Term Loan were determined using Level 2 inputs based on an estimated credit rating for the Company and the trading value of debt for similar debt instruments with similar credit ratings.
There were no assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023. Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

| March 31, 2024
| Fair Value Measurement Using
Liabilities: | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Warrant liability - Public (Level 1) & Private Warrants (Level 3) | $ | 255 |  |  | $ | 248 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7 |
Total Other Liabilities | $ | 255 |  |  | $ | 248 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7 |

| December 31, 2023
| Fair Value Measurement Using
Liabilities: | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Warrant liability - Public (Level 1) & Private Warrants (Level 3) | $ | 95 |  |  | $ | 93 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2 |
Total Other Liabilities | $ | 95 |  |  | $ | 93 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2 |

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KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2, nor into or out of Level 3.
The following table summarizes the activity for the Company’s Warrant liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

| Warrant Liability
Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | 95 |
Changes in fair value | 160 |
Balance at March 31, 2024 | $ | 255 |

15.SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company evaluated subsequent events through the date the condensed consolidated financial statements were issued, for events requiring adjustment to or disclosure in these condensed consolidated financial sta tements. Except as discussed below, there are no events that require adjustment to or disclosure in these condensed consolidated financial statements.
On April 24, 2024, the Company entered into the 16th Amendment in which the Lender granted the Company a waiver of any Specified Defaults (as defined in the 16th Amendment) related to the accounting errors that led to the restatement of the Company’s financial statements for all reporting periods prior to the date of the amendment to the extent such financial statements and certifications were impacted by the restatement. In addition, the 16th Amendment also updated certain financial covenants each as defined in the 16th Amendment, including Minimum Adjusted EBITDA (Trailing 3 Months), Minimum Adjusted EBITDA (YTD) and Minimum Tangible Net Worth. As a result, the Company is in compliance with all of its covenants as of March 31, 2024 and as of the issuance date of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this section to “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company”, or “Katapult” refer to Katapult Holdings, Inc and its subsidiaries.
The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” and “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and related notes included on our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on April 24, 2024. All dollar amounts are in thousands, unless otherwise specified.
OVERVIEW (dollars in thousands)
We are a technology driven lease-to-own platform that integrates with omnichannel retailers and e-commerce platforms to power the purchasing of everyday durable goods for underserved U.S. non-prime consumers. Through our POS integrations and innovative mobile app featuring Katapult Pay, consumers who may be unable to access traditional financing can shop a growing network of our merchants.
Recent Developments:
Reverse Stock Split
On July 27, 2023, we amended our Certificate of Incorporation to effect, effective as of 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time, the Reverse Stock Split of our Common Stock. At the effective time of the Reverse Stock Split, every twenty-five shares of our Common Stock either issued and outstanding or held as treasury stock were automatically reclassified into one new share of our Common Stock. The Reverse Stock Split was approved by our stockholders at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders on June 6, 2023 and approved by our Board of Directors on July 11, 2023. The primary goals of the Reverse Stock Split was to increase the share price in order to meet the minimum per share bid price requirement for continued listing on Nasdaq as well as to improve the perception of our Common Stock as an investment security and make the our Common Stock more attractive to a broader range of institutional investors that may have minimum share price targets for new investments. However, there can be no assurance that the foregoing goals will be realized or maintained. The common stock began trading on Nasdaq on a reverse split-adjusted basis on July 28, 2023 under the existing trading symbol “KPLT.” The effects of the Reverse Stock Split have been reflected in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for all periods presented. For additional information on the Reverse Stock Split, see Note 1 to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q.
Segment Information
We conduct our business within one business segment, which is defined as providing lease payment options to consumers to obtain durable goods from e-commerce partners. Our operations are aggregated into a single reportable operating segment based upon similar economic and operating characteristics as well as similar markets.
Key Performance Metrics
We regularly review several metrics, including the following U.S. GAAP and non-GAAP key metrics, to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions, which may also be useful to an investor.
Gross Originations
We measure gross originations to assess the growth trajectory and overall size of our lease portfolio. We define gross originations as the retail price of the merchandise associated with lease-purchase agreements entered into during the period through our platform. Gross originations do not represent revenue earned but are a leading indicator of potential revenue streams as a percentage of revenue is realized in the quarter in which the gross originations occur and increases cumulatively over the following quarters. Gross originations have historically reached approximately 70-75% of revenue realized within two quarters from when the originations occurred. We believe this is a useful operating metric for investors to use in assessing the volume of transactions that take place on our platform.
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The following tables present gross originations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  | Change
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | $ |  | %
Gross Originations | $ | 55,630 |  |  | $ | 54,736 |  |  | $ | 894 |  |  | 1.6 | %

Wayfair represented 47% and 51% of gross originations during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Katapult Pay represented 26% and 10% of gross originations during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Total Revenue
Total revenue represents the sum of rental revenue and other revenue. We record revenue in accordance with ASC 842 and as a result we record revenue when earned and cash is collected. The following table presents total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

|  |  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  | Change
|  |  |  |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | $ |  | %
|  |  |  |  |  |  | (As Restated) |  |  |  |
Total revenue |  |  |  |  | $ | 65,061 |  |  | $ | 55,083 |  |  | $9,978 |  | 18.1%

Gross Profit
Gross profit represents total revenue less cost of revenue, and is a measure presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We also use adjusted gross profit as a key performance indicator to provide an understanding of one aspect of our performance specifically attributable to total revenue and the variable costs associated with total revenue.
Adjusted Gross Profit
Adjusted gross profit represents gross profit less variable operating expenses, which are servicing costs and underwriting fees. We believe that adjusted gross profit provides a meaningful understanding of one aspect of our performance specifically attributable to total revenue and the variable costs associated with total revenue. See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section below for a reconciliation of adjusted gross profit, which is a non-GAAP measure utilized by management, to gross profit.
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure that is defined as net loss before interest expense and other fees, interest income, change in fair value of warrant liability, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization on property and equipment and capitalized software, impairment of leased assets, loss on partial extinguishment of debt and stock-based compensation expense. We believe that adjusted EBITDA provides a meaningful understanding of our operating performance. See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section below for a reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP measure utilized by management, to net loss.
Components of Results of Operations
Revenue
Revenue consists of rental revenue and other revenue. Rental revenue consists of revenue earned from property held for lease and agreed-upon charges related to lease-purchase agreements. Other revenue consists primarily of asset sales revenue related to the sale of property held for lease which are considered recurring and ordinary in nature to our business. Also included in other revenue is revenue from merchant partnerships, and infrequent sales of property formerly on lease when customers terminate a lease and elect to return the property to us rather than our retail partners.
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Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue consists primarily of depreciation expense related to property held for lease, impairment of property held for lease, net book value of property buyouts, payment processing fees, and other costs associated with offering lease-purchase transactions to customers.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses consist of servicing costs, underwriting fees, professional and consulting fees, technology and data analytics expense, compensation costs and general and administrative expense. Servicing costs primarily consist of permanent and temporary call center support. Underwriting fees primarily consist of data costs related to inputs from customer underwriting models. Professional and consulting fees primarily consist of corporate legal and accounting costs. Technology and data analytics expense primarily consist of salaries and benefits for computer programming and data analytics employees that support our underlying technology and proprietary risk model algorithms. Compensation costs consist primarily of payroll and related costs and stock-based compensation. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of occupancy costs, travel and entertainment, and other general overhead costs, including depreciation and amortization related to office equipment and software.
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Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2023:

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | Change |  | % Change
|  |  | (As Restated) |  |  |  |
Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rental revenue | $ | 64,142 |  |  | $ | 54,131 |  |  | $ | 10,011 |  |  | 18.5 | %
Other revenue | 919 |  |  | 952 |  |  | (33) |  |  | (3.5 | %)
Total revenue | 65,061 |  |  | 55,083 |  |  | 9,978 |  |  | 18.1 | %
Cost of revenue | 48,573 |  |  | 43,213 |  |  | 5,360 |  |  | 12.4 | %
Gross profit | 16,488 |  |  | 11,870 |  |  | 4,618 |  |  | 38.9 | %
Operating expenses | 12,688 |  |  | 15,567 |  |  | (2,879) |  |  | (18.5 | %)
Income (loss) from operations | 3,800 |  |  | (3,697) |  |  | 7,497 |  |  | (202.8 | %)
Loss on partial extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | (2,391) |  |  | 2,391 |  |  | (100.0 | %)
Interest expense and other fees | (4,527) |  |  | (5,189) |  |  | 662 |  |  | (12.8 | %)
Interest income | 324 |  |  | 620 |  |  | (296) |  |  | (47.7 | %)
Change in fair value of warrant liability | (162) |  |  | 132 |  |  | (294) |  |  | (222.7 | %)
Loss before income taxes | (565) |  |  | (10,525) |  |  | 9,960 |  |  | (94.6 | %)
Provision for income taxes | (5) |  |  | (20) |  |  | 15 |  |  | (75.0 | %)
Net loss | $ | (570) |  |  | $ | (10,545) |  |  | $ | 9,975 |  |  | (94.6 | %)
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted | 4,242 |  |  | 3,973 |  |  | 269 |  |  | 6.8 | %
Net loss per common share - basic and diluted | $ | (0.13) |  |  | $ | (2.65) |  |  | $ | 2.52 |  |  | (95.1 | %)

Revenue
The increase in total revenue of $9,978, or 18.1% was primarily a result of gross origination growth in 2023 that directly impacts revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and future quarters. Write-offs as a percentage of total revenue was 8.4% and 8.8% (as restated) during the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023 and remain within our 8 to 10% target range.
Cost of Revenue
The increase in cost of revenue of $5,360, or 12.4%, was a result of higher year-over-year gross origination growth and the associated depreciation expense and impairment charges related to property held for lease, net. Gross profit as a percentage of total revenue increased to 25.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to 21.5% (as restated) for the same period in 2023.
Operating Expenses
The decrease in total operating expenses of 18.5% during the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023 was primarily due to a decrease in professional and consulting fees such as legal fees due to non-recurring legal matters and decrease in compensation costs primarily due to the head count reduction during the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Other
Loss on partial extinguishment of debt. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we recorded a $2,391 l oss on partial extinguishment of debt, primarily as a result of our debt refinancing in March 2023.
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Interest expense and other fees. The decrease in interest expense and other fees was primarily due to the refinancing of the Credit Agreement which occurred in March 2023 in which we repaid $25,000 of outstanding principal on the Term Loan partially offset by in an increase of 1% of the spread over the benchmark rate on the RLOC and an increase in average outstanding principal under the RLOC period over period.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to gross profit and net loss, which are measures presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we believe that adjusted gross profit, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net loss and fixed cash operating expenses provide relevant and useful information which is widely used by analysts, investors, and competitors in our industry in assessing performance. Adjusted gross profit, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net loss and fixed cash operating expenses are supplemental measures of our performance that are neither required by nor presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Adjusted gross profit, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net loss should not be considered as substitutes for U.S. GAAP metrics such as gross profit, operating loss, net loss, or any other performance measures derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP and may not be comparable to similar measures used by other companies.
Adjusted gross profit represents gross profit less variable operating expenses, which are servicing costs and underwriting fees. We believe that adjusted gross profit provides a meaningful understanding of one aspect of our performance specifically attributable to total revenue and the variable costs associated with total revenue.
Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure that is defined as net loss before interest expense and other fees, interest income, change in fair value of warrant liability, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization on property and equipment and capitalized software, impairment of leased assets, loss on partial extinguishment of debt and stock-based compensation expense.
Adjusted net loss is a non-GAAP financial measure that is defined as net loss before change in fair value of warrant liability and stock-based compensation expense.
Fixed cash operating expenses is a non-GAAP measure that is defined as operating expenses less depreciation and amortization on property and equipment and capitalized software, stock-based compensation expense and variable lease costs such as servicing costs and underwriting fees. Management believes that fixed cash operating expenses provides a meaningful understanding of controllable ongoing expenses.
Adjusted gross profit, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net loss are useful to an investor in evaluating our performance because these measures:
•Are widely used to measure a company’s operating performance;
•Are financial measurements that are used by rating agencies, lenders and other parties to evaluate our credit worthiness; and
•Are used by our management for various purposes, including as measures of performance and as a basis for strategic planning and forecasting.
The reconciliations of gross profit to adjusted gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

|  |  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (As Restated) |  |  |  |
Total revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 65,061 |  |  | $ | 55,083 |  |  |  |  |
Cost of revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 48,573 |  |  | 43,213 |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 16,488 |  |  | 11,870 |  |  |  |  |
Less: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Servicing costs |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,132 |  |  | 990 |  |  |  |  |
Underwriting fees |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 509 |  |  | 468 |  |  |  |  |
Adjusted gross profit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 14,847 |  |  | $ | 10,412 |  |  |  |  |

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The reconciliations of net loss to adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

|  |  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  |  |  |  | 2024 |  | 2023
|  |  |  |  |  |  | (As Restated)
Net loss |  |  |  |  | $ | (570) |  |  | $ | (10,545) |
Add back: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense and other fees |  |  |  |  | 4,527 |  |  | 5,189 |
Interest income |  |  |  |  | (324) |  |  | (620) |
Change in fair value of warrant liability |  |  |  |  | 162 |  |  | (132) |
Provision for income taxes |  |  |  |  | 5 |  |  | 20 |
Depreciation and amortization on property and equipment and capitalized software |  |  |  |  | 266 |  |  | 197 |
Provision for impairment of leased assets |  |  |  |  | 173 |  |  | 424 |
Loss on partial extinguishment of debt |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 2,391 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  |  |  | 1,391 |  |  | 2,090 |
Adjusted EBITDA |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,630 |  |  | $ | (986) |

The reconciliations of net loss to adjusted net income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

|  |  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  |  |  |  | 2024 |  | 2023
|  |  |  |  |  |  | (As Restated)
Net loss |  |  |  |  | $ | (570) |  |  | $ | (10,545) |
Add back: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in fair value of warrant liability |  |  |  |  | 162 |  |  | (132) |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  |  |  | 1,391 |  |  | 2,090 |
Adjusted net income (loss) |  |  |  |  | $ | 983 |  |  | $ | (8,587) |

The reconciliations of operating expenses to fixed cash operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

|  |  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  |  |  |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | (As Restated) |  |  |  |
Operating expenses |  |  |  |  | $ | 12,688 |  |  | $ | 15,567 |  |  |  |  |
Less: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization on property and equipment and capitalized software |  |  |  |  | 266 |  |  | 197 |  |  |  |  |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  |  |  | 1,391 |  |  | 2,090 |  |  |  |  |
Servicing costs |  |  |  |  | 1,132 |  |  | 990 |  |  |  |  |
Underwriting fees |  |  |  |  | 509 |  |  | 468 |  |  |  |  |
Fixed cash operating expenses |  |  |  |  | $ | 9,390 |  |  | $ | 11,822 |  |  |  |  |

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES (dollars in thousands)
Our principal sources of liquidity are our cash and cash equivalents and availability under our RLOC. Our primary uses of cash include purchases of assets held for lease and funding of ongoing operations.
Our ability to fund future operating needs will be dependent on our ability to generate positive cash flows from operations and obtain financing for growth, as needed. We believe our total cash and available borrowings under our RLOC is sufficient to meet our liquidity needs for the next 12 months. We believe we will meet longer-term (beyond 12 months) cash requirements through a combination of available cash on hand, cash flows generated from operations and availability under our RLOC.
The following table presents our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

| March 31, |  | December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 31,232 |  |  | $ | 21,408 |
Restricted cash | 6,339 |  |  | 7,403 |
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash (1) | 37,571 |  |  | 28,811 |

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of December 31, 2023 was decreased by $9,622 due to a payment delay with our third-party loan processor in December 2023, which was corrected in January 2024. Excluding this payment delay, total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash would have been $38,433.
The following table presents cash used in operating, investing, and financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | $ | 28,811 |  |  | $ | 69,841 |  |  |
Net cash provided by (used in): |  |  |  |  |
Operating activities | 1,980 |  |  | (2,906) |  |  |
Investing activities | (126) |  |  | (301) |  |  |
Financing activities | 6,906 |  |  | (21,685) |  |  |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | 37,571 |  |  | $ | 44,949 |  |  |

The change in cash provided by operating activities for the 2024 period compared to cash used in operating activities for the 2023 period was primarily the result of an increase in gross originations and positive changes in working capital The decrease in cash used in investing activities for the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period is primarily due to a decrease in capitalized software additions. The change in cash provided by financing activities in the 2024 period compared to cash used in financing activities in the 2023 period is primarily due to the $25,000 repayment on the Term Loan in the 2023 period and an increase in proceeds from the RLOC primarily due to the timing error with our third party loan processor described below.
Financing Arrangements
Senior Secured Term Loan and RLOC
On May 14, 2019, Katapult SPV-1 LLC, as borrower (the “Borrower”), and Katapult Group, Inc. (f/k/a Cognical, Inc.) entered into a Credit Agreement with Midtown Madison Management, LLC as agent for various funds of Atalaya Capital Management (“Atalaya”), for a RLOC. The RLOC had a commitment of $125,000 that the lenders had the right to increase to $250,000. Total outstanding principal under the RLOC was $67,961 and $60,744 at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. As noted on the previous page, in December 2023, our third-party loan processor experienced a timing error in their validation processes. We alerted them to the error, temporarily covering the approved leases with $9,622 of our cash and the issue was
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resolved in January 2024. Excluding this payment delay, as of December 31, 2023, our outstanding debt under the RLOC would have been $70,366, as the RLOC has a 90% advance rate on eligible accounts receivable.
In addition, in connection with a prior amendment to the Credit Agreement entered into on December 4, 2020, Atalaya also provided us with a senior secured term loan (the “Term Loan”) commitment of up to $50,000. We drew down the full $50,000 of the Term Loan on December 4, 2020. The Term Loan bore interest at LIBOR plus 8.0% (with a 1% LIBOR floor) and an additional 3% interest per annum accrued to the principal balance as PIK interest. Total outstanding principal and PIK interest under the Term Loan was $30,687 at March 31, 2024.
The Credit Agreement contains certain financial covenants including minimum Adjusted EBITDA levels, minimum tangible net worth, minimum liquidity and compliance with a total advance rate, which were amended in connection with the most recent amendment in March 2023.
On March 6, 2023, we entered into the 15th amendment to the Credit Agreement. As part of the amendment, the maturity date of the RLOC and Term Loan was extended from December 4, 2023 to June 4, 2025 and the commitments under the RLOC were reduced to $75,000 from $125,000. The spread on the RLOC was increased to 8.5% from 7.5% while the spread on the Term Loan remained at 8%. Additionally, effective April 1, 2023, the benchmark rate for RLOC and Term Loan was changed from LIBOR to SOFR, subject in each case to a 3% floor plus applicable credit adjustment spread, which is fixed at 0.10%. Additionally, the interest rate for PIK interest on the Term Loan is (A) if Liquidity (as defined in the Credit Agreement) is greater than $25,000, 4.5% and (B) if Liquidity is less than $25,000, to 6%.
In connection with the 15th Amendment, we repaid $25,000 of outstanding principal amount of the Term Loan and issued a warrant to purchase up to 80,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.25 per share, which vested on September 6, 2023. On December 5, 2023, we issued a warrant to purchase an additional 80,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.25 per share which are vested.
On April 24, 2024, we entered into the 16th Amendment in which the Lender granted us a waiver of any Specified Defaults (as defined in the 16th Amendment) related to the accounting errors that led to the restatement of our financial statements for all reporting periods prior to the date of the amendment to the extent such financial statements and certifications were impacted by the restatement. In addition, the 16th Amendment also updated certain financial covenants each as defined in the 16th Amendment, including Minimum Adjusted EBITDA (Trailing 3 Months), Minimum Adjusted EBITDA (YTD) and Minimum Tangible Net Worth. As a result, we were in compliance with all of our covenants as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
The Credit Agreement is also subject to certain negative and affirmative covenants. The negative covenants limit our ability to: incur additional indebtedness; pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions; amend our material agreements; make investments; create liens; transfer or sell the collateral under the Credit Agreement; make negative pledges; consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets; and enter into certain transactions with affiliates. Early repayments of certain amounts under the Term Loan are subject to prepayment penalties.
For additional information on our loan obligations, see Note 8 to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Pledge and Guaranty
Pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, dated as of May 14, 2019, between Katapult Group, Inc. (f/k/a Cognical, Inc.) and Midtown Madison Management, LLC, Katapult Group, Inc. pledged and granted a first priority security interest in all equity interests of the Borrower and any investment property and general intangibles evidenced by or related to such membership interests. Pursuant to the Corporate Guaranty and Security Agreement, dated as of December 4, 2020, by and among Katapult Group, Inc., Legacy Katapult and Midtown Madison Management, LLC, Katapult and Katapult Group, Inc. have granted a first priority security interest in all of their respective assets and Katapult and Katapult Group, Inc. guarantee payment of all obligations of the Borrower under the Credit Agreement.
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Contractual Obligations and Commitments
Our contractual obligations and commitments as of March 31, 2024 were as follows:

(in thousands) | Payments Due by Period
| Total |  | 2024-2025 |  | 2026-2027 |  | Thereafter
RLOC (1) | $ | 79,263 |  |  | $ | 79,263 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Term Loan (2) | 35,541 |  |  | 35,541 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Operating lease commitments | 1,212 |  |  | 577 |  |  | 219 |  |  | 416 |
Total | $ | 116,016 |  |  | $ | 115,381 |  |  | $ | 219 |  |  | $ | 416 |

(1) Future cash obligations include scheduled interest payments due based on the interest rate of approximately 13.9% as of March 31, 2024.
(2) Future cash obligations include scheduled interest payments due based on the interest rate of 17.9%, including 4.5% PIK interest, as of March 31, 2024.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the periods presented. We evaluate our significant estimates on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions, impacting our reported results of operations and financial condition.
There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on April 24, 2024.
Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 3 to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for a discussion of accounting pronouncements recently adopted and recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted and their potential impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Emerging Growth Company
As of March 31, 2024, we are an emerging growth company, as defined in the JOBS Act. The JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies, allowing them to delay the adoption of those standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to use this extended transition period under the JOBS Act. As a result, our condensed consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of companies that are required to comply with the effective dates for new or revised accounting standards that are applicable to public companies. We will remain an emerging growth company under the JOBS Act until the earliest of (a) December 31, 2024, (b) the last date of our fiscal year in which we have a total annual gross revenue of at least $1,235,000, (c) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the rules of the SEC with at least $700,000 of outstanding securities held by non-affiliates or (d) the date on which we have issued more than $1,000,000 in non-convertible debt securities during the previous three years.
ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk (dollars in thousands)
We are exposed to a variety of market and other risks, including the effects of changes in interest rates, and inflation, as well as risks to the availability of funding sources and other risks. Our investments are exposed to market risk due to a fluctuation in interest rates, which may affect our interest income and the fair market value of our investments. The effect of a hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in interest rates would not have had a material impact on the fair market value of our investments as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
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Interest Rate Risk
The market risk inherent in our financial instruments and our financial position represents the potential loss arising from adverse changes in interest rates. We manage our interest rate risk based on an ongoing assessment of trends in interest rates and economic developments, giving consideration to possible effects on both total return and reported earnings. As a result of such assessment, we may enter into swap contracts or other interest rate protection agreements from time to time to mitigate this risk.
As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we have variable rate interest bearing debt with a principal amount of $98,648 and $91,084, respectively.
Effective April 1, 2023, both the RLOC and the Term Loan replaced LIBOR with SOFR, subject to a 3% floor plus a 0.10% credit adjustment spread. In connection with the 15th amendment to the Credit Agreement, the spread on the RLOC was increased from 7.5% to 8.5% per annum. As of March 31, 2024, the interest rate on our RLOC was 13.9%.
Our Term Loan is a variable rate loan that accrues interest at a variable rate of interest based on SOFR, subject to a 3% floor, plus 8% per annum. The spread was unchanged in connection with the 15th amendment to the Credit Agreement. As of March 31, 2024, the interest rate on our Term Loan was 17.9%, which includes 4.5% PIK interest.
Inflation Risk
Although we believe that inflation has indirectly impacted our business by negatively impacting consumer spending and the sales of our key merchants, we do not believe that inflation has directly had, or currently directly has, a material effect on our results of operations or financial condition.
Foreign Currency Risk
We had no material foreign currency risk for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Our activities to date are conducted only in the United States.
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in Company reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2024. Based upon their evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were not effective as of March 31, 2024, due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described below.
Material Weaknesses in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Control deficiencies were initially identified in 2020 and in the aggregate constituted material weaknesses. In connection with the audit of our financial statements as of December 31, 2023 and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023, our independent registered public accounting firms noted deficiencies in the design and implementation of our internal control over financial reporting. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Our evaluation was based on COSO Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013).
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These material weaknesses relate to (1) an insufficient number of personnel with an appropriate level of U.S. GAAP knowledge and experience to create the proper control environment for effective internal control over financial reporting and to ensure that oversight processes and procedures in applying nuanced guidance to complex accounting transactions for financial reporting are adequate and (2) a lack of controls in place to review journal entries and account reconciliations, reconcile journal entries to evaluate the appropriateness of underlying support and determine if journal entries are in compliance with U.S. GAAP before the entries are manually posted. These material weaknesses have not yet been remediated.
Remediation Efforts to Address Material Weakness
As part of our plan to remediate these material weaknesses, we are performing a full review of our internal control procedures. We have implemented, and plan to continue to implement, new controls and new processes.
The process of designing and implementing an effective financial reporting system is a continuous effort that requires us to anticipate and react to changes in our business and the economic and regulatory environments and to expend significant resources to maintain a financial reporting system that is adequate to satisfy our reporting obligations. While we are undertaking efforts to remediate these material weaknesses, the material weaknesses will not be considered remediated until our remediation plan has been fully implemented, the applicable controls operate for a sufficient period of time, and we have concluded, through testing, that the newly implemented and enhanced controls are operating effectively.
As part of continued remediation efforts, the Company hired Nancy Walsh as Chief Financial Officer in December 2022. Ms. Walsh has extensive experience in leading the financial organization of publicly traded entities and maintaining an effective internal control environment. In addition, the Company continues to strengthen its accounting and internal control capabilities and environment through the hiring of accounting and internal auditing personnel who are certified public accountants and previous experience in publicly traded companies and with Big 4 public accounting firms. In April 2024, the Company engaged with outside sales tax subject matter experts in support of remediation efforts.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Except as disclosed above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Part II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time we may become involved with various legal proceedings. Refer to the information contained under the heading “Litigation risk” in Note 13 to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Our business is subject to a number of risks of which you should be aware before making a decision to invest in our securities. The summarized risks described below are not the only risks that we face. The following summarized risks as well as risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, earnings per share, cash flow or the trading price of our common stock. These summarized risks include, among others, the following:
Risks Related to Our Business, Strategy and Growth
•A large percentage of our gross originations is concentrated with a single merchant, and any deterioration in the business of, or in our relationship with this merchant or any other key merchant relationship or partner would materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.
•If we are unable to attract additional merchant partners and retain and grow our relationships with our existing merchant partners, our results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
•The success of our business is dependent on consumers making payments on their leases when due and other factors affecting consumer spending and default behavior that are not under our control.
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•Unexpected changes to consumer spending patterns could cause our proprietary algorithms and decisioning tools used in approving customers to no longer be indicative of our customer's ability to perform.
•Our success depends on the effective implementation and continued execution of our strategies.
•If we fail to maintain customer satisfaction and trust in our brand our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
•If we are unable to attract new customers and retain and grow our relationships with our existing customers, or if attracting or retaining customers is not cost-efficient, our results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
•Our estimates of market opportunity and forecasts of market growth may prove to be inaccurate, and even if the market in which we compete achieves the forecasted growth, our business could fail to grow at similar rates, if at all.
•We rely on the accuracy of third-party data, and inaccuracies in such data could adversely impact our approval process.
•The success and growth of our business depends upon our ability to continuously innovate and develop new products and technologies.
•To the extent that we seek to grow through future acquisitions, or other strategic investments or alliances, we may not be able to do so effectively.
Risks Related to Our Indebtedness
•We have substantial indebtedness, which may reduce our capability to withstand adverse developments or business conditions.
•The Credit Agreement governing the total aggregate indebtedness under the Term Loan and Credit Facility includes restrictive covenants and financial maintenance covenants, which could restrict our operations or ability to pursue growth strategies or initiatives. Failure to comply with these covenants could result in an acceleration of repayment of the indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
•A Change of Control as defined by our Credit Agreement could accelerate our obligation to pay our outstanding indebtedness, and we may not have sufficient liquid assets at that time to repay these amounts.
Financial Risks Related to Our Business
•We have a history of operating losses and may not be profitable in the future.
•Our revenue and operating results may fluctuate, which could result in a decline in our profitability and make it more difficult for us to grow our business.
•We rely on card issuers and payment processors. If we fail to comply with the applicable requirements of Visa, Mastercard or other payment processors, those payment processors could seek to fine us, suspend us or terminate our registrations which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
•Our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.
Risks Related to Our Technology and Our Platform
•Real or perceived software errors, failures, bugs, defects, or outages could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
•Our results depend on continued integration and support of our platforms (both the Katapult App and our direct and/or waterfall integration technologies) by our merchant partners.
•We rely on third-party merchants to allow access to their stores through our mobile app.
•We are subject to stringent and changing laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations related to data privacy and security, which could increase the cost of doing business, compliance risks and potential liability and otherwise negatively affect our operating results and business regulations.
•Any significant disruption in, or errors in, service on our platform or relating to vendors, including events beyond our control, could prevent us from processing transactions on our platform or posting payments and have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
•Data security breaches or other security incidents with respect to our information technology systems, networks or data, or those of third parties upon which we rely, could result in adverse consequences, including but not limited to regulatory investigations, litigation, fines and penalties, disruption of our business operations, reputational harm, loss of revenue or profits, and loss of customers.
•While we take precautions to prevent customer identity fraud, it is possible that identity fraud may still occur or has occurred, which may adversely affect the performance of the lease-to-own transactions facilitated through our platform.
•Failure to adequately obtain, maintain, protect, defend and enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
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Legal and Compliance Risks
•Our business is subject to the requirements of various federal, state and local laws and regulations, which can require significant compliance costs and expose us to government investigations, significant additional costs, fines or other monetary penalties or settlements, and compliance-related burdens.
•We are subject to sales, income and other taxes, which can be difficult and complex to calculate due to the nature of our businesses. A failure to correctly calculate and pay such taxes, or an unfavorable outcome on uncertain tax positions we may record from time to time, may result in substantial tax liabilities and a material adverse effect on several aspects of our performance.
•If we fail to establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, our ability to accurately and timely report our financial results could be adversely affected.
•We have previously identified control deficiencies that in the aggregate constituted material weaknesses.
•We face risks related to the restatement of our previously issued consolidated financial statements and financial information as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, as well as for the interim financial periods, which may adversely impact our business.
•Delayed filing of our Annual Report on Form 10-K has made us currently ineligible to use certain registration statements to register the offer and sale of securities, which could adversely affect our ability to raise future capital or complete acquisitions.
•We have previously fallen out of compliance with Nasdaq's requirements for continued listing, and any future failure to comply with Nasdaq's listing requirements could result in our common stock being delisted from the Nasdaq Global Market, which could have a material adverse effect on us and our stockholders.
•Changes to tax laws or exposure to additional tax liabilities may have a negative impact on our operating results.
•We are subject to legal proceedings from time to time which seek material damages or otherwise may have a material adverse effect on our business.
Operational Risks Related to Our Business
•Uncertain market and economic conditions have had, and may in the future have, serious adverse consequences on our business, financial condition and share price.
•Failure to effectively manage our costs could have a material adverse effect on our profitability.
•Negative publicity about us or our industry could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
•Misconduct and errors by our employees, vendors, and service providers could harm our business and reputation.
Other Risks
•The majority of our management has limited experience in operating a public company.
•We will continue to incur significant costs as a result of operating as a public company, and our management will continue to devote substantial time for new compliance initiatives.
•Future sales, or potential future sales, by us or our stockholders in the public market could cause the market price for our common stock to decline.
•The price of our securities may change significantly in the future and stockholders could lose all or part of their investment as a result.
A description of the risks and uncertainties associated with our business is set forth below. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently believe are not material, may also become important factors that adversely affect our business. If any of the risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of our securities could decline.
Risks Related to Our Business, Strategy and Growth
A large percentage of our gross originations is concentrated with a single merchant, and any deterioration in the business of, or in our relationship with, this merchant or any other key merchant relationship or partner would materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We depend on continued relationships with Wayfair and other key merchants. Our top merchant, Wayfair, represented approximately 47% and 51% of our gross originations (which we define as the retail price of the merchandise associated with lease purchase agreements entered into through the Katapult platform and do not represent revenue earned) during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our top ten merchants in the aggregate represented approximately 81%
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and 79% of our gross originations during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There can be no guarantee that these relationships will continue or, if they do continue, that these relationships will continue to be successful. There is a risk that we may lose merchants for a variety of reasons, including a failure to meet key contractual or commercial requirements, or if merchants shift to in-house solutions (including providing a service competitive to us) or competitor providers.
The concentration of a significant portion of our business and transaction volume with a single merchant or a limited number of merchants exposes us disproportionately to events, circumstances, or risks affecting such single merchant, such as Wayfair, or other key merchants, including risks related to the macroeconomic environment, consumer spending changes, inflation, prevailing interest rates, consumer debt and availability of credit, pandemics (such as COVID-19), consumer confidence in future economic conditions, political conditions, and consumer perceptions of personal well-being and security and willingness and ability of consumers to pay for the goods they lease through us when due. For example, inflation and supply chain issues due to among other factors, the Russia-Ukraine war coupled with the banking crisis in March 2023, negatively impacted the sales of many of our merchants, including Wayfair, during the three months ended March 31, 2024, which in turn contributed to a decline in our gross origination volume during those periods. If our key merchant partners, in particular Wayfair, are unable to acquire new customers or retain existing customers or are otherwise negatively impacted by the macroeconomic and geopolitical conditions, our results of operations, financial condition and prospects will be negatively impacted.
The loss of Wayfair as a merchant partner, in particular, would materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects. In addition, a material modification in the merchant agreement with Wayfair or a significant merchant could affect our results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We also depend on continued relationships with key partners that assist in obtaining and maintaining our relationships with merchants. There is a risk that e-commerce platforms with which we partner (such as Shopify, BigCommerce, WooCommerce, and Magneto) may limit or prevent Katapult from being offered as a payment option at checkout. We also face the risk that our key partners could become competitors of our business.
If our relationship with Wayfair or another key merchant deteriorates, they choose to no longer partner with us, or choose to partner with a competitor, or their business is negatively impacted by one or more factors, our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects will be materially and adversely affected.
If we are unable to attract additional merchant partners and retain and grow our relationships with our existing merchant partners, our results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
Our continued success is dependent on our ability to attract new merchant partners and to maintain our relationship with our existing merchant partners and grow our gross originations from those existing merchants through their e-commerce platforms, and also to expand our merchant base. Our ability to attract, retain and grow our relationships with merchants depends on the willingness of our merchants to partner with us. The attractiveness of our platform to merchants depends upon, among other things, our brand and reputation, ability to sustain our value proposition to merchants for consumer acquisition, the attractiveness to merchants of our digital and data-driven platform, the services, products and consumer decisioning standards offered by our competitors, and our ability to perform under, and maintain, our merchant agreements.
In addition, competition for smaller merchants has intensified significantly in recent years, with many such merchants simultaneously offering several products and services that compete directly with the products and services offered by us. Having a diversified mix of merchants is important to mitigate risk associated with changing consumer spending behavior, economic conditions and other factors that may affect a particular type of retailer. If we fail to retain any of our larger merchants or a substantial number of our smaller merchants, if we do not acquire new merchants, if we do not continually grow our gross originations from our merchants, or if we are not able to retain a diverse mix of merchants, our results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
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The success of our business is dependent on customers making payments on their leases when due and other factors affecting consumer spending and default behavior that are not under our control.
We generate substantially all of our revenue through payments on leases we provide to customers to obtain the merchandise of our merchants and we bear the risk of non-payment or late payments by our customers. As such, the success of our business is dependent on customers making payments on their leases when due. We primarily provide leases to non-prime customers who do not have sufficient cash or credit to obtain home furnishings, automotive goods, electronics, computers, and other durable goods. The ability of these customers to make payments to us when due may be impacted by a variety of factors, such as loss of employment, the emergence of significant unforeseen expenses as well as factors affecting consumer spending. Consumer spending is also affected by general economic conditions and other factors including levels of employment, disposable consumer income, resumption of student loan repayments, inflation, prevailing interest rates, regulatory uncertainty, consumer debt and availability of credit, costs of fuel, inflation, recession and fears of recession, banking crisis and fears of further banking crisis, war and fears of war (including the conflict involving Russia and Ukraine and the conflict involving Israel and Hamas), pandemics (such as COVID-19), inclement weather, tariff policies, tax rates and rate increases, timing of receipt of tax refunds, consumer confidence in future economic conditions and political conditions, and consumer perceptions of personal well-being and security. For example, during 2022 inflation increased rapidly, and although inflation appears to have started to moderate and stabilize during 2023, it is still elevated. Food, energy, residential rent, and other costs have increased, reflecting a tight labor market and supply chain issues. Unfavorable changes in factors affecting discretionary spending for non-prime consumers as a result of one or more of these factors could reduce demand for our products and services resulting in lower revenue and negatively impacting our business and our financial results. In addition to reducing demand for our products, these factors may unfavorably impact our customers' ability or willingness to make the payments they owe us, resulting in increased customer payment delinquencies and lease merchandise write-offs and decreased gross margins, which could also materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If customers are unable or unwilling to pay us due to one or more of these factors, our gross originations may not reflect and/or be directly correlated to our revenue. In addition, if our assumptions around customers’ ability to pay us after we have recognized revenue deteriorate, such deterioration could result in a material impairment, increase our cost of revenue and materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
Unexpected changes to consumer spending patterns could cause our proprietary algorithms and decisioning tools used in approving customers to no longer be indicative of our customer's ability to perform.
We believe our proprietary lease decisioning processes to be a key to the success of our business. The decisioning processes assume behavior and attributes observed for prior customers, among other factors, are indicative of performance by our future customers. Unexpected changes in customer behavior caused by general economic conditions and other factors, including, continued elevated inflation, continued supply chain disruptions, the banking crisis in March 2023, the U.S. economy experiencing a potential prolonged recession and potential widespread job losses may mean that our decisioning tools may not function as intended. As a result, we may approve relatively more customers that are not able to perform, which would lead to increased incidence and costs related to impairment of property held for lease. When there are unexpected changes to consumer spending patterns, our decisioning process typically requires more frequent adjustments and the application of management analysis of the interpretation and adjustment of the results produced by our decisioning tools. Due to the challenging macro environment in recent months, for example, we expect we may need to make more frequent adjustments to our decisioning process in the near term. If our decisioning tools are unable to accurately predict and respond to changes to customer behaviors as a result of general economic or other factors, our ability to manage risk and avoid charge-offs may be negatively affected, which may result in insufficient reserves and materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
Our success depends on the effective implementation and continued execution of our strategies.
We are focused on our mission to provide innovative lease financing solutions to non-prime customers and to enable everyday transactions at the merchant point of sale.
Growth of our business, including through the launch of new product offerings, requires us to invest in or expand our customer data and technology capabilities, engage and retain experienced management, and otherwise incur additional costs. For example, we launched our mobile app and Katapult Pay in the third quarter of 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, our mobile app and Katapult Pay accounted for 26% of our gross originations. However, these product enhancements may not continue to generate the additional consumer and merchant engagement with our offerings that we expect. If these or other strategic initiatives are not successful longer-term, our competitiveness as well as our business and financial results may
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be materially and adversely affected. Our inability to address these concerns or otherwise to achieve targeted results associated with our initiatives could adversely affect our results of operations, or negatively impact our ability to successfully execute future strategies, which may result in an adverse impact on our business and financial results.
If we fail to maintain customer satisfaction and trust in our brand, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
We provide a lease-to-own financing option for qualified customers seeking to obtain durable goods from e-commerce merchants. If customers do not trust our brand or do not have a positive experience, they will not use our services and be unable to attract or retain merchant partners. In addition, our ability to attract new customers and merchants is highly dependent on our reputation and on positive recommendations from our existing customers and merchants. Any failure to maintain a consistently high level of customer service, or a market perception that we do not maintain high-quality customer service, would adversely affect our reputation and the number of positive customer referrals that we receive and the number of new and repeat customers. As a result, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
If we are unable to attract new customers and retain and grow our relationships with our existing customers, or if attracting or retaining customers is not cost-efficient, our results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
Our continued success depends on our ability to generate repeat use and increased gross originations from existing customers and to attract new consumers to our platform. Our ability to retain and grow our relationships with our customers depends on the willingness of consumers to use our products and services, including our mobile app and Katapult Pay. The attractiveness of our Katapult App to customers depends upon, among other things, the number and variety of our merchants and the mix of products and services available through our platform, our brand and reputation, customer experience and satisfaction, trust and perception of the value we provide, technological innovation, and the services, products and customer decisioning standards offered by our competitors. If we fail to retain our relationship with existing customers, if we do not attract new customers to our platform, products and services, or if we do not continually expand usage, repeat customers and gross originations, our results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
We operate in a highly competitive industry, and our inability to compete successfully would materially and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We operate in a highly competitive industry. We face competition from a variety of businesses and new market entrants, including competitors with lease-to-own products for e-commerce goods and other types of digital payment platforms. We face competition from virtual lease-to-own companies, e-commerce retailers (including those that offer layaway programs and title or installment lending), online sellers of used merchandise, and various types of consumer finance companies that may enable our customers to shop at online retailers, as well as with online rental stores that do not offer their customers a purchase option. These competitors may have significantly greater financial and operating resources, greater name recognition and more developed products and services, which may allow them to grow faster. Greater name recognition, or better public perception of a competitor’s reputation, may help the competitor divert market share. Some competitors may be willing to offer competing products on an unprofitable basis (or may have looser decisioning standards or be willing to relax their decisioning standards) in an effort to gain market share, which could compel us to match their pricing strategy or lose business. Moreover, prime lenders may loosen their underwriting standards and provide credit to non-prime consumers, which would impact our gross origination as well as the credit quality of our customers and our business and results of operations. In addition, some of our competitors may be willing to lease certain types of products that we will not agree to lease, enter into customer leases that have services, as opposed to goods, as a significant portion of the lease value, or engage in other practices related to pricing, compliance, and other areas that we will not, in an effort to gain market share at our expense. Our business relies heavily on relationships with our merchants. An increase in competition could cause our merchants to no longer offer our product and services in favor of our competitors, or to offer our product and the products of our competitors simultaneously, which could slow growth in our business and limit or reduce profitability. Merchants could also develop their own in house product that competes with our product. Furthermore, virtual lease-to-own competitors may deploy different business models, such as direct-to-consumer strategies, that forego reliance on merchant relationships that may prove to be more successful.
Our business may also be adversely impacted by, among other issues, other consumer finance companies increasing the availability of credit to our target consumer market in response to changes in consumer spending habits as a result of macro or
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other factors. If more credit is available to our target consumer market, we will face increased competition, which may negatively impact our gross originations and our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.
Our estimates of market opportunity and forecasts of market growth may prove to be inaccurate, and even if the market in which we compete achieves the forecasted growth, our business could fail to grow at similar rates, if at all.
Our market opportunity estimates, including the size of the virtual lease-to-own market, and expectations about market growth are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not prove to be accurate. Even if the markets in which we compete meet our size estimates and growth expectations, our business could fail to grow for a variety of reasons, which could adversely affect our results of operations.
We rely on the accuracy of third-party data, and inaccuracies in such data could adversely impact our approval process.
We use data from third parties as part of our proprietary risk model used to assess whether a customer qualifies for a lease-purchase option from a merchant. We are reliant on these third parties to ensure that the data they provide is accurate. Inaccurate data could cause us to not approve transactions that otherwise would have been approved, or instead, approve transactions that would have otherwise been denied and may lead to a higher incidence of bad debts and could have an adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition.
The success and growth of our business depends upon our ability to continuously innovate and develop new products and technologies.
Our solution is a technology-driven platform that relies on innovation to remain competitive. The process of developing new technologies and products is complex, and we build our own technology, using the latest in artificial intelligence and machine learning ("AI/ML"), cloud-based technologies, and other tools to differentiate our products and technologies. In addition, our dedication to incorporating technological advancements into our platform requires significant financial and personnel resources and talent. Our development efforts with respect to these initiatives could distract management from current operations and could divert capital and other resources from other growth initiatives important to our business. In addition, the product and technological enhancements that we introduce may not function as we intend, or may not generate the benefits that we expect. We operate in an industry experiencing rapid technological change and frequent product introductions. We may not be able to make technological improvements as quickly as demanded by our customers and merchants, which could harm our ability to attract customers and merchants. In addition, we may not be able to effectively implement new technology-driven products and services as quickly as competitors or be successful in marketing these products and services to customers and merchants. If we are unable to successfully and timely innovate and continue to deliver a superior merchant and customer experience, the demand for our products and technologies may decrease and our growth, business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.
Our failure to accurately predict the demand or growth of our new products and technologies also could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects. New products and technologies are inherently risky, due to, among other things, risks associated with: the product or technology not working, or not working as expected; customer and merchant acceptance; technological outages or failures; and the failure to meet customer and merchant expectations. As a result of these risks, we could experience increased claims, reputational damage, or other adverse effects, which could be material. The profile of potential customers using our new products and technologies also may not be as attractive as the profile of the customers that we currently serve, which may lead to higher levels of delinquencies or defaults than we have historically experienced. Additionally, we can provide no assurance that we will be able to develop, commercially market, and achieve acceptance of our new products and technologies. In addition, our investment of resources to develop new products and technologies and make changes or updates to our platform may be insufficient. Failure to accurately predict demand or growth with respect to our new products and technologies could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We utilize AI/ML, which could expose us to liability or adversely affect our business.
We use AI/ML, including generative artificial intelligence, in many aspects of our business, including fraud, credit risk analysis, and product personalization. There are significant risks involved in utilizing AI/ML and no assurance can be provided that our use of such AI/ML will enhance our products or services or produce the intended results. The AI/ML models that we use are trained using various data sets. If the AI/ML models are incorrectly designed, the data we use to train them is incomplete, inadequate, or biased in some way, or we do not have sufficient rights to use the data on which our AI/ML models
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rely, the performance of our products, services, and business, as well as our reputation, could suffer or we could incur liability through the violation of laws and regulations, third-party intellectual property, privacy, or other rights, or contracts to which we are a party. Further, AI/ML, particularly generative artificial intelligence, has been known to produce false or “hallucinatory” inferences or outputs; AI/ML can present ethical issues and may subject us to new or heightened legal, regulatory, ethical, or other challenges; and inappropriate or controversial data practices by developers and end-users, or other factors adversely affecting public opinion of AI/ML, could impair the acceptance of AI/ML solutions, including those incorporated in our products and services. If the AI/ML tools that we use are deficient, inaccurate or controversial, we could incur operational inefficiencies, competitive harm, legal liability, brand or reputational harm, or other adverse impacts on our business and financial results.
In addition, regulation of AI/ML is rapidly evolving worldwide as legislators and regulators are increasingly focused on these powerful emerging technologies. The technologies underlying AI/ML and its uses are subject to a variety of laws and regulations, including intellectual property, data privacy and security, consumer protection, competition, and equal opportunity laws, and are expected to be subject to increased regulation and new laws or new applications of existing laws and regulations. AI/ML is the subject of ongoing review by various U.S. governmental and regulatory agencies, and various U.S. states and other foreign jurisdictions are applying, or are considering applying, their platform moderation, cybersecurity, and data protection laws and regulations to AI/ML or are considering general legal frameworks for AI/ML. We may not be able to anticipate how to respond to these rapidly evolving frameworks, and we may need to expend resources to adjust our operations or offerings in certain jurisdictions if the legal frameworks are inconsistent across jurisdictions. Furthermore, because AI/ML technology itself is highly complex and rapidly developing, it is not possible to predict all of the legal, operational or technological risks that may arise relating to the use of AI/ML.
To the extent that we seek to grow through future acquisitions, or other strategic investments or alliances, we may not be able to do so effectively.
We may in the future seek to grow our business by exploring potential acquisitions or other strategic investments or alliances. We may not be successful in identifying businesses or opportunities that meet our acquisition or expansion criteria. In addition, even if a potential acquisition target or other strategic investment is identified, we may not be successful in completing such acquisition or integrating such new business or other investment. We may face significant competition for acquisition and other strategic investment opportunities from other well-capitalized companies, many of which have greater financial resources and greater access to debt and equity capital to secure and complete acquisitions or other strategic investments, than we do. As a result of such competition, we may be unable to acquire certain assets or businesses, or take advantage of other strategic investment opportunities that we deem attractive; the purchase price for a given strategic opportunity may be significantly elevated; or certain other terms or circumstances may be substantially more onerous.
Any delay or failure on our part to identify, negotiate, finance on favorable terms, consummate, and integrate any such acquisition or other strategic investment opportunity could impede our growth. Additional risks relating to potential acquisitions include difficulties in integrating the operations, systems, technologies, products and personnel of the acquired businesses, diversion of management’s attention from normal daily operations of the business and the challenges of managing larger and more widespread operations, the potential loss of key employees, vendors and other business partners of the businesses we acquire; and increased amounts of debt incurred in connection with such activities or dilutive issuances of our common stock.
There is no assurance that we will be able to manage our expanding operations effectively or that we will be able to continue to grow, and any failure to do so could adversely affect our ability to generate revenue and control our expenses. Furthermore, we may be responsible for any legacy liabilities of businesses we acquire or be subject to additional liability in connection with other strategic investments. The existence or amount of these liabilities may not be known at the time of acquisition, or other strategic investment, and may have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
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Risks Related to Our Indebtedness
We have substantial indebtedness, which may reduce our capability to withstand adverse developments or business conditions.
We have incurred substantial indebtedness. As of March 31, 2024, the total aggregate indebtedness under the senior secured Term Loan and RLOC, of Katapult SPV-1 LLC (the “Borrower”) was approximately $98.6 million of principal outstanding with Midtown Madison Management LLC, as agent for various funds of Atalaya Capital Management (the "Lender"). On March 6, 2023, in connection with the 15th amendment of our Credit Agreement, we refinanced our indebtedness with the Lender and repaid $25.0 million of principal on our outstanding term loan. We, together with our wholly-owned subsidiary, Katapult Group, Inc., have guaranteed the obligations of the Borrower under the Credit Agreement. Our payments on our outstanding indebtedness are significant in relation to our revenue and cash flow, which exposes us to significant risk in the event of downturns in our business (whether through competitive pressures or otherwise), our industry or the economy generally, since our cash flows would decrease but our required payments under our indebtedness would not. Economic downturns may impact our ability to comply with the covenants and restrictions in our Credit Agreement and to make payments on our indebtedness as they become due.
Our overall leverage and the terms of our Credit Agreement could also:
•make it more difficult for us to satisfy obligations;
•limit our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures or acquisitions;
•limit our ability to service our indebtedness;
•limit our ability to adapt to changing market conditions;
•restrict us from making strategic acquisitions or cause us to make non-strategic divestitures;
•require us to dedicate a significant portion of our cash flow from operations to paying the principal and interest on our indebtedness, thereby limiting the availability of our cash flow to fund future capital expenditures, working capital and other corporate purposes;
•limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and in our industry generally; and
•place us at a competitive disadvantage compared with competitors that have a less significant debt burden.
In addition, the Credit Agreement, secured by a pledge over all of the assets of the Borrower is guaranteed by us and our wholly-owned subsidiary, Katapult Group, Inc., which in turn is secured by a pledge over all of our assets and the assets of Katapult Group, Inc.
The Credit Agreement governing the under the Term Loan and Credit Facility includes restrictive covenants and financial maintenance covenants, which could restrict our operations or ability to pursue growth strategies or initiatives. Failure to comply with these covenants could result in an acceleration of repayment of the indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties and customary affirmative and negative covenants that restrict some of our activities. The negative covenants limit our ability to: incur additional indebtedness; pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions; amend our material agreements; make investments; create liens; transfer or sell the collateral for the Credit Agreement; make negative pledges; consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets; and enter into certain transactions with affiliates. Non-scheduled repayments of certain amounts under the Credit Agreement are subject to prepayment penalties, which would limit our ability to pay or refinance the Credit Agreement. Our ability to meet these covenants could be affected by events beyond our control, and we may be unable to satisfy them which would prevent us from pursuing certain growth strategies or initiatives due to this limitation. These or other limitations could decrease our operating flexibility and our ability to achieve our operating objectives. The Credit Agreement contains certain financial covenants. In particular, as of the end of each month, (1) we must maintain certain minimum Adjusted EBITDA levels and certain minimum Tangible Net Worth representing our total assets less certain capital expenses, prepaid expenses, intangible assets and total liabilities and (2) our Total Advance Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) may not exceed certain thresholds. We must also maintain minimum liquidity of at least $10.0 million in unrestricted cash and cash equivalents as of any date of determination. These financial covenants are restrictive and failure to comply with these covenants would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
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On April 24, 2024, the Company entered into the 16th Amendment in which the Lender granted the Company a waiver of any Specified Defaults (as defined in the 16th Amendment) related to the accounting errors that led to the restatement of the Company’s financial statements for all reporting periods prior to the date of the amendment to the extent such financial statements and certifications were impacted by the restatement. In addition, the 16th Amendment also updated certain financial covenants each as defined in the 16th Amendment, including Minimum Adjusted EBITDA (Trailing 3 Months), Minimum Adjusted EBITDA (YTD) and Minimum Tangible Net Worth. Failure to comply with any of these covenants or other obligation or agreement under the Credit Agreement that is not cured within the specified period under the Credit Agreement would result in an event of default under the agreement. In such event, if we are unable to negotiate with our Lender for a waiver or dispensation under the agreement, we would not be able to borrow under the Credit Agreement and our Lender would have the right to terminate the loan commitments under the Credit Agreement and accelerate repayment of all obligations under the Credit Agreement that would become due and payable immediately, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial position. If we do not have sufficient liquid assets to repay amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement, the Lender has the right to foreclose their liens against all of our assets and take possession and sell any such assets to reduce any such obligations.
A Change of Control as defined by our Credit Agreement could accelerate our obligation to pay our outstanding indebtedness, and we may not have sufficient liquid assets at that time to repay these amounts.
Under our Credit Agreement, all of the outstanding loans are required to be prepaid in full (together with accrued and unpaid interest and prepayment premium) and the revolving line of credit ("RLOC") will terminate if a Change of Control (as defined in the Credit Agreement) occurs that is not approved by the Lender. A Change of Control includes the occurrence of the following: (i) any “person” or “group” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, but excluding any employee benefit plan of such person or its subsidiaries, and any person or entity acting in its capacity as trustee, agent or other fiduciary or administrator of any such plan) becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, except that a person or group shall be deemed to have “beneficial ownership” of all securities that such person or group has the right to acquire (such right, an “option right”), whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time), directly or indirectly, of 35% or more of the equity securities of Katapult Holdings, Inc. entitled to vote for members of the board of directors (on a fully-diluted basis (and taking into account all such securities that such person or group has the right to acquire pursuant to any option right), and (ii) certain changes in the composition of our board of directors occurs during a twenty-four month period which were not recommended or approved by at least a majority of directors who were directors at the beginning of such twenty-four month period.
In connection with the 15th amendment of our Credit Agreement, we repaid $25.0 million of principal on our outstanding Term Loan. As of March 31, 2024, we had $68.0 million of principal outstanding under the RLOC. In addition, we had borrowings under our Term Loan of $30.7 million (including capitalized PIK interest) as of March 31, 2024.
If any specified Change of Control occurs and the Lender accelerates these obligations, we may not have sufficient liquid assets to repay amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement.
We may not be able to refinance our indebtedness on favorable terms, or at all. Our inability to refinance our indebtedness would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
Our ability to refinance indebtedness will depend in part on our operating and financial performance, which, in turn, is subject to prevailing economic conditions and to financial, business, legislative, regulatory and other factors beyond our control. In addition, prevailing interest rates or other factors at the time of refinancing could increase our interest expense. A refinancing of our indebtedness could also require us to comply with more onerous covenants and further restrict our business operations. Our inability to refinance our indebtedness or to do so upon attractive terms could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
Financial Risks Related to Our Business
We have a history of operating losses and may not be profitable in the future.
We incurred a net loss of $0.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. In addition, we generated a net loss of $10.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2024, our accumulated deficit was approximately $123.1 million. While our operating expenses decreased for the year ended December 2023 compared to the prior year, we may need to increase our operating expenses in the future in order to continue growing our business, attracting customers, merchants and funding sources, and further enhancing and developing our products and platforms. As we expand
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our offerings to additional markets, our offerings in these markets may be less profitable than the markets in which we currently operate. These efforts may prove more expensive than we currently anticipate, and we may not succeed in increasing our revenue sufficiently to offset these higher expenses. We may incur net losses in the future and may not be profitable on a quarterly or annual basis.
Our ability to timely raise capital in the future may be limited, or may be unavailable on acceptable terms, if at all.
The failure to raise capital when needed could harm our business, operating results and financial condition. Debt or equity issued to raise additional capital may reduce the value of our common stock. We cannot be certain when or if the operations of our business will generate sufficient cash to fund our ongoing operations or the growth of our business. We intend to make investments to support and grow our business and may require additional funds to respond to business challenges, including the need to develop or enhance our technology, expand our sales and marketing efforts or develop new products. Additional financing may not be available on favorable terms, if at all. If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to invest in future growth opportunities, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition. If we incur additional debt, the debt holders could have rights senior to holders of our common stock and/or existing debt to make claims on our assets. The terms of any additional debt could have covenants which restrict our operations, including our ability to pay dividends on our common stock, take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, or make capital expenditures. If we issue additional equity securities, stockholders will experience dilution, and the new equity securities could have rights senior to those of our common stock including liquidation or other preferences. Because the decision to issue securities in the future offering will depend on numerous considerations, including factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing or nature of any future issuances of debt or equity securities. As a result, stockholders will bear the risk of future issuances of debt or equity securities reducing the value of their common stock and diluting their interest.
Our revenue and operating results may fluctuate, which could result in a decline in our profitability and make it more difficult for us to grow our business.
Our revenue and operating results have varied, and may in the future vary, from quarter to quarter and by season. Periods of decline have resulted, and could in the future result, in an overall decline in profitability and make it more difficult for us to make payments on our indebtedness and grow our business. We expect our quarterly results to fluctuate in the future due to a number of factors, including general economic conditions in the markets where we operate, the cyclical nature of consumer spending, and seasonal sales and customer spending patterns.
Any significant disruption or errors relating to our loan providers and loan processor, could delay the processing of transactions on our platform or cause temporary fluctuations in cash use and have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
Pursuant to our Credit Agreement, we are required to use a designated loan processor to validate customer purchases for funding our RLOC and, thus, in the operation of our platform. The performance and accuracy of said loan processor is essential to our operations and is critical to ensuring that loans are appropriately and timely funded. We rely on the designated loan processor to ensure their systems, internal procedures, verification processes and facilities are protected against service interruptions, power or telecommunications failures, criminal acts, and similar events. We may be harmed if there is a delay, disruption, or error in loan validation. Further, if our arrangements with the designated loan processor is terminated, or if there is a lapse in service due to errors, we could experience interruptions in the provision of our leases. We may also experience increased costs and difficulties in funding leases or finding replacement loan providers or processors on commercially reasonable terms, on a timely basis, or at all.
In addition, in the event of error or interruption, we may be required to use cash to cover for any losses or uncovered leases that might occur, albeit temporarily. This could reduce our available cash or cause reputational harm, any of which could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
In December 2023, the processor for our loan provider experienced a timing error in their validation processes. We alerted them to the error, temporarily covering the approved leases with our cash and the issue was resolved in January 2024. Both our loan provider and processor have since instituted changes to correct against similar interruptions in service, but there can be no assurance that a similar error will not occur in the future.
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We rely on card issuers and payment processors. If we fail to comply with the applicable requirements of Visa, Mastercard or other payment processors, those payment processors could seek to fine us, suspend us or terminate our registrations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We rely on card issuers and payment processors and must pay a fee for this service. From time to time, payment processors such as Visa or Mastercard may increase the interchange fees that they charge for each transaction using one of their cards. The payment processors routinely update and modify their requirements. Changes in the requirements, including changes to risk management and collateral requirements, may impact our ongoing cost of doing business and we may not, in every circumstance, be able to pass through such costs to our merchants or associated participants. Furthermore, if we do not comply with the payment processors’ requirements (e.g., their rules, bylaws, and charter documentation), the payment processors could seek to fine us, suspend us or terminate our registrations that allow us to process transactions on their networks. The termination of our registration due to failure to comply with the applicable requirements of our payment processors, or any changes in the payment processors’ rules that would impair our registration, could require us to stop utilizing payment services from our payment processors, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
Our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.
Under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change", generally defined as a greater than 50.0% change (by value) in its equity ownership over a three-year period, the corporation’s ability to use its pre-change net operating loss carryforwards and other pre-change tax attributes, such as research tax credits, to offset its post-change income may be limited or potentially significantly deferred compared to such ability in the absence of an “ownership change”. The completion of the Business Combination may have triggered an “ownership change” limitation. We have not completed a formal study to determine if any “ownership changes” within the meaning of IRC Section 382 have occurred. If “ownership changes” within the meaning of Section 382 of the Code have occurred, and if we earn net taxable income, our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards and other tax credits generated since inception to offset U.S. federal taxable income may be subject to limitations, which could potentially result in increased future tax liability to us and could require us to pay U.S. federal income taxes earlier than would be required if such limitations were not in effect. Similar rules and limitations may apply for state income tax purposes.
Risks Related to Our Technology and Our Platform
Real or perceived software errors, failures, bugs, defects, or outages could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
Our platform and our internal systems rely on software that is highly technical and complex. In addition, our platform and our internal systems depend on the ability of such software to store, retrieve, manage and otherwise process immense amounts of data, including personal data. As a result, undetected errors, failures, bugs, or defects may be present in such software or occur in the future in such software, including open source software and other software we license in from third parties, especially when updates or new products or services are released.
Any real or perceived errors, failures, bugs, defects, or outages in such software may not be found until our customers use our platform and could result in outages or degraded quality of service on our platform that could adversely impact our business (including through causing us not to meet contractually required service levels), as well as negative publicity, loss of or delay in market acceptance of our products and services, and harm to our brand or weakening of our competitive position. In such an event, we may be required, or may choose, to expend significant additional resources in order to correct the problem. Any real or perceived errors, failures, bugs, defects, or outages in the software we rely on could also subject us to liability claims, result in data security breaches or other security incidents, impair our ability to attract new customers, retain existing customers, or expand their use of our products and services, which would adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
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Our results depend on continued integration and support of our platforms (both the Katapult App and our direct and/or waterfall integration technologies) by our merchant partners.
We depend on our merchant partners, which generally accept most major credit cards and other forms of payment, to present our platform as a payment option and to integrate our platform into their website or in their store, such as by featuring our platform on their websites or in their stores and at checkout. We do not have any recourse against merchant partners when they do not feature our platform as a payment option. The failure by our merchants to effectively present, integrate, and support our platform, or to effectively explain lease-to-own transactions to potential customers, would have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We rely on third-party merchants to allow access to their stores through our mobile app.
We depend on third-party merchants to continue to allow our customers to utilize our platform and mobile app to access and buy goods at their stores. We do not have contractual relationships with our third-party merchants, and as such there can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to offer access to any particular third-party merchant to our customers. The loss of our ability to offer our customers access to third-party merchants would have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We are subject to stringent and changing laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations related to data privacy and security, which could increase the cost of doing business, compliance risks and potential liability and otherwise negatively affect our operating results and business regulations.
In the ordinary course of business, we collect, receive, store, generate, use, transfer, disclose, make accessible, protect, secure, dispose of, transmit, share and otherwise process a wide variety of data and information, including personal data and sensitive personal data, proprietary and confidential business data, trade secrets, and intellectual property. For example, we process the personal data, including sensitive personal data, of customers, including Social Security numbers. We are subject to numerous data privacy and security obligations, such as various laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations that govern the processing of personal data by us or by third parties on our behalf.
In the United States, federal, state, and local governments have enacted numerous data privacy and security laws, regulations and rules including data breach notification laws, personal data privacy laws, and consumer protection laws. For example, the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (“TCPA”) imposes specific requirements relating to marketing to individuals using technology such as telephones, mobile devices, and text messages. TCPA violations can result in significant financial penalties, including penalties or criminal fines imposed by the Federal Communications Commission or fines of up to $1,500 per violation imposed through private litigation or by state authorities. Class action suits are the most common method for private enforcement. We are also subject to the rules and regulations promulgated under the authority of the FTC, which regulates unfair or deceptive acts or practices, including with respect to data privacy and security. Moreover, the United States Congress has recently considered, and is currently considering, various proposals for more comprehensive data privacy and security legislation, to which we may be subject if passed.
Data privacy and security are also areas of increasing state legislative focus and we are, or may in the future become, subject to various state laws and regulations regarding data privacy and security. For example, the CCPA broadly defines personal information, gives California residents expanded privacy rights and protections, and provides for civil penalties for violations and a private right of action for certain data breaches. The CCPA is indicative of a trend towards greater state-level regulation of data privacy and security in the U.S. A number of other states have enacted, or are considering enacting, comprehensive data privacy laws that share similarities with the CCPA. In addition, laws in all 50 U.S. states generally require businesses to provide notice under certain circumstances to customers whose personal data has been disclosed as a result of a data breach. For additional information on data privacy and security laws, regulations and rules we are, or may in the future become, subject to, see the section titled “Business—Government Regulation.”
In addition, privacy advocates and industry groups have proposed, and may propose, data privacy and security standards with which we are legally or contractually bound to comply. For example, we may also be subject to the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (“PCI DSS”), which requires companies that process payment card data to adopt certain measures to ensure the security of cardholder information, including using and maintaining firewalls, adopting proper password protections for certain devices and software, and restricting data access. Noncompliance with PCI-DSS can result in significant penalties or liability, litigation, loss of access to major payment card systems, damage to our reputation, and revenue losses. We may also rely on vendors to process payment card data, and those vendors may be subject to PCI DSS, and our business may be negatively affected if our vendors are fined or suffer other consequences as a result of PCI DSS noncompliance.
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We also make public statements about our use and disclosure of personal data through our privacy policies, information on our website and press statements. Although we endeavor to comply with our public statements and documentation, we may at times fail to do so or be alleged to have failed to do so. The publication of our privacy policies and other statements that provide promises and assurances about data privacy and security can subject us to potential government or legal action if they are found to be deceptive, unfair or misrepresentative of our actual practices. Any concerns about our data privacy and security practices, even if unfounded, could damage our reputation and adversely affect our business.
I ncreasingly, some aspects of our business may be reliant on our ability to have our products and services be accepted by or compatible with a third-party platform, and any inability to do so could negatively impact our business. As a result, we may be required to change the way we market our products. Any of these developments could impair our ability to reach new or existing customers or otherwise negatively affect our operations. In addition, the CCPA grants California residents the right to opt-out of a business's sharing of their personal information for targeted advertising purposes.
Our oblig ations related to data privacy and security are quickly changing in an increasingly stringent fashion, creating some uncertainty as to the effective future legal framework. Additionally, these obligations may be subject to differing applications and interpretations, which may be inconsistent or conflict among jurisdictions. Preparing for and complying with these obligations requires significant resources and may necessitate changes to our information technologies, systems, and practices and to those of any third parties that process personal data on our behalf. In addition, these obligations may require us to change our business model. Our business model materially depends on our ability to process personal data, so we are particularly exposed to the risks associated with the rapidly changing legal landscape. For example, we may be at heightened risk of regulatory scrutiny, and any changes in the regulatory framework could require us to fundamentally change our business mod el.
Alth ough we endeavor to comply with all applicable data privacy and security laws, regulations, rules, standards, and contractual obligations, we may at times fail (or be perceived to have failed) to do so. Moreover, despite our efforts, our personnel or third parties upon whom we rely may fail to comply with such obligations, which could negatively impact our business operations and compliance posture. For example, any failure by a third-party service provider to comply with applicable laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations could result in adverse effects, including inability to or interruption in our ability to operate our business and proceedings against us by governmental entities or others. If we fail, or are perceived to have failed, to address or comply with data privacy and security obligations, we could face significant consequences. These consequences may include, but are not limited to, government enforcement actions (e.g., investigations, fines, penalties, audits, inspections, and si milar); litigation (including class claims; damages); additional reporting requirements and/or oversight; bans on processing personal data; and orders to destroy or not use personal data.
Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, or financial condition, including but not limited to: loss of customers; interruptions or stoppages in our business operations; interruptions or stoppages of data collection needed to tr ain our algorithms; inability to process personal data or to operate in certain jurisdictions; limited ability to develop or commercialize our products; expenditure of time and resources to defend any claim or inquiry; adverse publicity; or revision or restructuring of our operations.
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Any significant disruption in, or errors in, service on our platform or relating to vendors, including events beyond our control, could prevent us from processing transactions on our platform or posting payments and have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We use vendors, such as our cloud computing web services provider, virtual card processing companies, and third-party software providers, in the operation of our platform. The satisfactory performance, reliability, and availability of our technology and our underlying network and infrastructure are critical to our operations and reputation and the ability of our platform to attract new and retain existing merchants and customers. We rely on these vendors to protect their systems, networks and facilities against damage or service interruptions from natural disasters, power or telecommunications failures, air quality issues, environmental conditions, computer viruses, cyber-attacks or other attempts to harm these systems, data security breaches or other security incidents, criminal acts, and similar events. If our arrangement with a vendor is terminated or if there is a lapse of service or damage to its systems, networks or facilities, we could experience interruptions in our ability to operate our platform. We also may experience increased costs and difficulties in replacing that vendor and replacement services may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, on a timely basis, or at all. Any interruptions or delays in our platform availability, whether as a result of a failure to perform on the part of a vendor, any damage to one of our vendor’s systems, networks or facilities, the termination of any of our third-party vendor agreements, software bugs or failures, our or our vendor’s error, natural disasters, terrorism, other man-made problems, or data security breaches or other security incidents, whether accidental or willful, or other factors, could harm our relationships with our merchants and customers and also harm our reputation.
In addition, we source certain information from third parties. For example, our risk scoring model is based on algorithms that evaluate a number of factors and currently depend on sourcing certain information from third parties. In the event that any third-party from which we source information experiences a service disruption, whether as a result of maintenance, software bugs or failures, natural disasters, terrorism, other man-made problems, or data security breaches or other security incidents whether accidental or willful, or other factors, the ability to score and decision lease-to-own applications through our platform may be adversely impacted. Additionally, there may be errors contained in the information provided by third parties. This may result in the inability to approve otherwise qualified applicants through our platform, which may adversely impact our business by negatively impacting our reputation and reducing our transaction volume.
To the extent we use or are dependent on any particular third-party data, technology, or software, we may also be harmed if such data, technology, or software becomes non-compliant with existing laws, regulations, rules or standards, becomes subject to third-party claims of intellectual property infringement, misappropriation, or other violation, or malfunctions or functions in a way we did not anticipate. Any loss of the right to use any of this data, technology, or software could result in delays in the provisioning of our products and services until equivalent or replacement data, technology, or software is either developed by us, or, if available, is identified, obtained, and integrated, and there is no guarantee that we would be successful in developing, identifying, obtaining, or integrating equivalent or similar data, technology, or software, which could result in the loss or limiting of our products, services, or features available in our products or services.
In addition, in the event of damage or interruption, our insurance policies may not adequately compensate us for any losses that we may incur. Our disaster recovery plan has not been tested under actual disaster conditions, and we may not have sufficient capacity to recover all data and services in the event of an outage. These factors could prevent us from processing transactions or posting payments on our platform, damage our brand and reputation, divert the attention of our employees, reduce our revenue, subject us to liability, and cause customers or merchants to abandon our platform, any of which could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
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Data security breaches or other security incidents with respect to our information technology systems, networks or data, or those of third parties upon which we rely, could result in adverse consequences, including but not limited to regulatory investigations or actions, litigation, fines and penalties, disruptions of our business operations, reputational harm, loss of revenue or profits, and loss of customers.
Cyber-attacks, malicious internet-based activity, and online and offline fraud are prevalent and continue to increase. These threats are becoming increasingly difficult to detect. These threats come from a variety of sources, including traditional computer “hackers,” threat actors, personnel (such as through theft or misuse), sophisticated nation states, and nation-state-supported actors. Some actors now engage and are expected to continue to engage in cyber-attacks, including without limitation nation-state actors for geopolitical reasons and in conjunction with military conflicts and defense activities. During times of war and other major conflicts, we and the third parties upon which we rely may be vulnerable to a heightened risk of these attacks, including cyber-attacks, that could materially disrupt our systems, networks and operations, supply chain, and ability to produce, sell and distribute our goods and services. The automated nature of our business and our reliance on digital technologies may make us an attractive target for, and potentially vulnerable to cyber-attacks. We and the third parties upon which we rely may be subject to a variety of evolving threats, including but not limited to: computer malware (including as a result of advanced persistent threat intrusions), malicious code (such as viruses and worms), social engineering (including phishing attacks), ransomware attacks, denial-of-service attacks (such as credential stuffing), personnel misconduct or error, supply-chain attacks, software bugs, server malfunctions, software or hardware failures, loss of data or other information technology assets, adware, telecommunication failures, earthquakes, fires, floods, and other similar threats.
Ransomware attacks, including by organized criminal threat actors, nation-states, and nation-state-supported actors, are becoming increasingly prevalent and severe and can lead to significant interruptions in our operations, loss of data and income, reputational harm, and diversion of funds. Extortion payments may alleviate the negative impact of a ransomware attack, but we may be unwilling or unable to make such payments due to, for example, applicable laws or regulations prohibiting such payments. Similarly, supply-chain attacks have increased in frequency and severity, and we cannot guarantee that third parties and infrastructure in our supply chain or our third-party partners’ supply chains have not been compromised or that they do not contain exploitable defects or bugs that could result in a breach of or disruption to our information technology systems and networks (including our products or services) or the third-party information technology systems and networks that support us and our services. We are incorporated into the supply chain of a large number of companies worldwide and, as a result, if our products are compromised, a significant number of companies could be simultaneously affected. The potential liability and associated consequences we could suffer as a result of such a large-scale event could be catastrophic and result in irreparable harm.
Cybersecurity risks may be heightened as a result of ongoing military conflicts such as military conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the related sanctions imposed by the United States and other countries or the ongoing Israel/Hamas conflict. Furthermore, future or past business transactions (such as acquisitions or integrations) could expose us to additional cybersecurity risks and vulnerabilities, as our systems and networks could be negatively affected by vulnerabilities present in acquired or integrated entities’ systems, networks and technologies.
Any of the above identified or similar threats could cause a data security breach or other security incident. A data security breach or other security incident could result in unauthorized, unlawful, or accidental acquisition, modification, destruction, loss, alteration, encryption, disclosure, transfer, use or other processing of, or access to our, our customers’, our vendors’ or our merchants’ confidential, proprietary, personal or other information. A data security breach or other security incident could disrupt our ability (and that of third parties upon whom we rely) to provide our platform, products, or services. We may expend significant resources in connection with investigating, mitigating or remediating, or modifying our business activities to protect against, actual or perceived data security breaches or other security incidents. Certain data privacy and security obligations may require us to implement and maintain specific security measures, as well as maintain industry-standard or reasonable security measures to protect our information technology systems and networks which contain confidential, proprietary, personal and other information.
While we have implemented security measures designed to protect against data security breaches and other security incidents, there can be no assurance that these measures will be effective. We may be unable in the future to detect vulnerabilities in our information technology systems and networks (including our products or services) because such threats and techniques change frequently, are often sophisticated in nature, may not be detected until after a security incident has occurred, and may see their frequency increased and effectiveness enhanced, by the use of AI/ML. Despite our efforts to identify and remediate vulnerabilities, if any, in our information technology systems and networks(including our products or services), our efforts may not be successful. Further, we may experience delays in developing and deploying remedial measures designed to address any such identified vulnerabilities.
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We may rely upon third-party service providers and technologies to operate critical business systems to process confidential, proprietary, personal and other information in a variety of contexts, including, without limitation, third-party providers of cloud-based infrastructure, virtual card processing, encryption and authentication technology, employee email, and other functions. We may share or receive confidential, proprietary, personal or other information with or from third parties. Our ability to monitor these third parties’ information security practices is limited, and these third parties may not have adequate information security measures in place. Due to applicable laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations, we may be held responsible for data security breaches or other security incidents attributed to our third-party service providers as they relate to the information we share with them.
Any actual or perceived failure to comply with legal and regulatory requirements applicable to us, including those relating to data privacy and security, or any failure to protect the information that we collect from our customers and merchants, including personal information, from cyber-attacks, data security breaches or other security incidents, or any such actual or perceived failure by our originating bank partners, may result in, among other things, revocation of required licenses or registrations, loss of approved status, private litigation, regulatory or governmental investigations, administrative enforcement actions, sanctions, civil and criminal liability, and constraints on our ability to continue to operate.
Applicable data privacy and security laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations may require us to notify relevant stakeholders of data security breaches and other security incidents. Such disclosures are costly, and the disclosure or the failure to comply with such requirements could lead to adverse consequences. If we (or a third party upon whom we rely) experience, or are perceived to have experienced, a data security breach or other security incident, or fail to make adequate or timely disclosures to the public, regulators or law enforcement agencies following any such event, we may experience adverse consequences. These consequences may include: interruptions to our operations (including availability of data), violation of applicable data privacy and security laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations; litigation (including class claims), damages, an obligation to notify regulators and affected individuals, the triggering of indemnification and other contractual obligations, government enforcement actions (for example, investigations, fines, penalties, audits, and inspections); additional reporting requirements and/or oversight; restrictions on processing personal and other sensitive data; negative publicity; reputational damage; loss of customers and ecosystem partners; monetary fund diversions; financial loss; and other similar harms. Additionally, our originating bank partners also operate in a highly regulated environment, and many laws and regulations that apply directly to our originating bank partners are indirectly applicable to us through our arrangements with our originating bank partners. Our contracts may not contain limitations of liability, and even where they do, there can be no assurance that limitations of liability in our contracts are sufficient to protect us from liabilities, damages, or claims related to our data privacy and security obligations. We cannot be sure that our insurance coverage will be adequate or sufficient to protect us from or to mitigate liabilities arising out of our data privacy and security practices, that such coverage will continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all, or that such coverage will pay future claims.
While we take precautions to prevent customer identity fraud, it is possible that identity fraud may still occur or has occurred, which may adversely affect the performance of the lease-to-own transactions facilitated through our platform.
There is risk of fraudulent activity associated with our platform, customers, and third parties handling customer information. Our resources, technologies, and fraud prevention tools may be insufficient to accurately detect and prevent fraud. We bear the risk of loss for lease-to-own transactions facilitated through our platform. The level of fraud related charge-offs on the lease-to-own transactions facilitated through our platform could be adversely affected if fraudulent activity were to significantly increase.
We bear the risk of customer fraud in a transaction involving us, a customer, and a merchant, and we generally have no recourse to the merchant to collect the amount owed by the customer. Significant amounts of fraudulent cancellations or chargebacks and the potential cost of remediation could adversely affect our business or financial condition. High profile fraudulent activity or significant increases in fraudulent activity could also lead to regulatory intervention, negative publicity, and the erosion of trust from our customers and merchants, and could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, prospects, and cash flows.
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Failure to adequately obtain, maintain, protect, defend and enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
O ur business depends on intellectual property and proprietary technology and information, the protection of which is crucial to the success of our business. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark, and trade secret laws in the United States, as well as license agreements, confidentiality procedures, non-disclosure agreements, and other contractual protections, to establish and protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights, including our proprietary technology, software, know-how, and brand.
Although we take steps to protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights, we cannot be certain that the steps we have taken will be sufficient or effective to prevent the unauthorized access, use, copying, reverse engineering, infringement, misappropriation or other violation of our intellectual property and proprietary technology and information, including by third parties who may use our intellectual property or proprietary technology or information to develop services that compete with ours. We may not be able to register or enforce all of our trademarks and any of our trademarks or other intellectual property rights may be challenged by others. In addition, we may be subject to claims by third parties that we have infringed, misappropriated or otherwise violated their intellectual property. These claims, regardless of their merit or our defenses, could be time-consuming and costly to defend, result in injunctions against us or the payment of damages by us, result in the diversion of significant operational resources and changes to our business model or result in ongoing royalty payments or significant settlement payouts. Our involvement in intellectual property disputes and any failure to adequately protect our intellectual property rights may cause our business, operating results and financial condition to suffer.
Further, we license certain technology, software, data and other intellectual property from third parties that are important to our business. Our business may suffer if any current or future licenses or other grants of rights to us terminate, if the licensors (or other applicable counterparties) fail to abide by the terms of the license or other applicable agreement, if the licensors fail to enforce the licensed intellectual property against infringing third parties or if the licensed intellectual property rights are found to be invalid or unenforceable.
Legal and Compliance Risks
Our business is subject to the requirements of various federal, state and local laws and regulations, which can require significant compliance costs and expose us to government investigations, significant additional costs, fines or other monetary penalties or settlements, and compliance-related burdens.
Our business is subject to extensive federal, state and local laws and regulations and an increased risk of regulatory actions as a result of the highly regulated nature of our industry and the focus of state and federal enforcement agencies on the lease-to-own industry in particular. Any adverse change in applicable laws or regulations, the passage of unfavorable new laws or regulations, or the manner in which any applicable laws and regulations are interpreted or enforced could dictate changes to our business practices that may be materially adverse to the Company. Further, our transactions are subject to various federal and state laws and regulations which may result in significant compliance costs as well as expose us to litigation. In particular, our rental-purchase transactions and the customer-facing operations related thereto, such as collections and marketing, are subject to various other federal, state and/or local consumer protection laws. These laws, as well as the rental-purchase statutes under which we operate, provide various remedies in connection with violations, including restitution and other monetary penalties and sanctions which in certain circumstances can be significant.
We cannot determine with any degree of certainty whether any new laws or regulations will be enacted, or whether government agencies will initiate new or different interpretations of existing laws. The impact of new laws and regulations, or modifications by regulators concerning the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws, on our business is not known; however, any such changes could materially and adversely impact our business.
The laws and regulations applicable to our operations are subject to agency, administrative and/or judicial interpretation. Some of these laws and regulations have been enacted only recently and/or may not yet have been interpreted or may be interpreted infrequently. As a result of non-existent or sparse interpretations, ambiguities in these laws and regulations may create uncertainty with respect to the requirements of any applicable laws and regulations. Any ambiguity under a law or regulation to which we are subject may lead to regulatory investigations, governmental enforcement actions and private causes of action, such as class action lawsuits, with respect to our compliance with such laws or regulations.
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Federal and state agencies have increased their focus on consumer financial products and services. State law enforcement agencies and regulators appear to have increased their scrutiny of entities operating within the personal property rental-purchase, or “lease-to-own”, industry. For example, in July 2023, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau filed a case in federal district court in Utah again Snap Finance alleging, in summary, that certain rent-to-own transactions were credit transactions falling under federal law. Further, the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation (“DFPI”) has issued subpoenas and is conducting investigations into practices of entities operating within the personal property rental-purchase industry. Similarly, state attorneys general also appear to have increased their scrutiny of the industry. As of the date of this filing, the Company has not received investigatory demands from California DFPI or state attorneys general. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will not be included in future actions of the same or similar nature and, if it is, that it would not lead to an enforcement action, consent order, or substantial costs, including legal fees, fines, penalties, and remediation expenses.
For information on data privacy and security laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations we are, or may in the future become, subject to, and the associated risks to our business, see the section titled “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Technology and Our Platform—We are subject to stringent and changing laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations related to data privacy and security, which could increase the cost of doing business, compliance risks and potential liability and otherwise negatively affect our operating results and business.”
We are subject to sales, income and other taxes, which can be difficult and complex to calculate due to the nature of our businesses. A failure to correctly calculate and pay such taxes, or an unfavorable outcome on uncertain tax positions we may record from time to time, may result in substantial tax liabilities and a material adverse effect on several aspects of our performance.
The application of indirect taxes, such as sales tax, continues to be a complex and evolving issue, particularly with respect to the lease-to-own industry generally and our virtual lease-to-own business more specifically. Many of the fundamental statutes and regulations that impose these taxes were established before the growth of the lease-to-own industry and e-commerce and, therefore, in many cases it is not clear how existing statutes apply to our business. In addition, governments are increasingly looking for ways to increase revenues, which has resulted in discussions about tax reform and other legislative action to increase tax revenues, including through indirect taxes. This also may result in other adverse changes in or interpretations of existing sales, income and other tax regulations. Further, we may fail to allocate sales tax correctly which could result in over-reporting or under-reporting revenue and sales tax expense.
If we fail to establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, our ability to accurately and timely report our financial results could be adversely affected.
We are required to comply with a variety of reporting, accounting and other rules and regulations. As a public reporting company subject to the rules and regulations established from time to time by the SEC and Nasdaq, we are required to, among other things, establish and periodically evaluate procedures with respect to our disclosure controls and procedures. In addition, as a public company, we are required to document and test our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 so that our management can certify, on an annual basis, that our internal control over financial reporting is effective. As such, we maintain a system of internal control over financial reporting, but there are limitations inherent in internal control systems.
A control system can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. In addition, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and the benefit of controls must be appropriate relative to their costs. Furthermore, compliance with existing requirements is expensive and we may need to implement additional finance and accounting and other systems, procedures and controls to satisfy our reporting requirements. If our internal control over financial reporting is determined to be ineffective, such failure could cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, negatively affect the market price of our common stock, subject us to regulatory investigations and penalties, and adversely impact our business and financial condition.
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We have previously identified control deficiencies that in the aggregate constituted material weaknesses. We may identify additional material weaknesses in the future that may cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations or result in material misstatements of our financial statements. If we fail to remediate any material weaknesses or if we otherwise fail to establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures our ability to accurately and timely report our financial results could be adversely affected.
Control deficiencies were initially identified in 2020 and in the aggregate constituted material weaknesses. In connection with the audit of our financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, our independent registered public accounting firm noted these control deficiencies in the design and implementation of our internal control over financial reporting. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Our evaluation was based on the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013).
Additional control issues were discovered during the preparation of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023. We determined that our revenue and sales tax payable were materially misstated in certain prior periods. Our conclusion was based on the Company’s determination that it miscalculated its sales tax payable related to certain customer lease payments going back multiple years. The Company performed an assessment of its sales tax liabilities across all jurisdictions for potential additional exposure and determined there was an overstatement of rental revenue and an understatement of sales tax payable included in accrued liabilities. As a result of the foregoing conclusion, we determined that our previously issued financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and the relevant quarterly periods and filings discussed below in the risk factor “We face risks related to the restatement of our previously issued consolidated financial statements and financial information as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, as well as for the interim financial periods for 2022 and 2023, which may adversely impact our business” should no longer be relied upon and have been restated.
These control deficiencies relate to (1) an insufficient number of personnel with an appropriate level of GAAP knowledge and experience to create the proper control environment for effective internal control over financial reporting and to ensure that oversight processes and procedures in applying nuanced guidance to complex accounting transactions for financial reporting are adequate, and (2) a lack of controls in place to review journal entries and account reconciliations, reconcile journal entries to underlying support and evaluate if journal entries are in compliance with GAAP before the entries are manually posted. These material weaknesses were not remediated as of December 31, 2023 and were not been remediated as of the filing of our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
As part of our plan to remediate these material weaknesses, we are performing a full review of our internal control procedures. We have implemented, and plan to continue to implement, new controls and new processes. We cannot assure you that the measures that we have taken, and that will be taken, to remediate these material weaknesses will, in fact, remedy the material weaknesses or will be sufficient to prevent future material weaknesses from occurring. We also cannot assure you that we have identified all of our existing material weaknesses.
In addition to the deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting that were initially identified in 2020, subsequent testing by us or our independent registered public accounting firm, which has not performed an audit of our internal control over financial reporting, may reveal additional deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses that we may not be able to remediate in time to meet the applicable deadline imposed upon us for compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. If we are unable to remediate our existing material weakness or identify additional material weaknesses and are unable to comply with the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner or assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to express an opinion as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting once we are no longer an emerging growth company, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and the market price of our common stock could be negatively affected, and we could become subject to investigations by the stock exchange on which our securities are listed, the SEC or other regulatory authorities, which could require additional financial and management resources.
To comply with Section 404, we expect to incur substantial cost, expend significant management time on compliance-related issues and hire additional accounting, financial, and internal audit staff with appropriate public company experience and technical accounting knowledge. Moreover, if we are not able to comply with the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner or if we or our independent registered public accounting firm identify deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses, we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the SEC or other regulatory authorities, which would require additional financial and management resources. Any failure to maintain effective
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disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting could have an adverse effect on our business and operating results, and cause a decline in the price of our common stock.
We face risks related to the restatement of our previously issued consolidated financial statements and financial information as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, as well as for the interim financial periods for 2022 and 2023, which may adversely impact our business.
As described in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 2, 2024, during the preparation of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023, we determined that due to the adjustment required to rental revenue and sales tax payable included in accrued liabilities, our previously issued financial statements described below were materially misstated.
As a result of the above, we determined that our previously issued financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in the Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods within that year, as well as the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in the Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods within the year ended December 31, 2023 should no longer be relied upon and have been restated.
As a result of the restatement, we are subject to a number of additional risks and uncertainties which may affect investor confidence in the accuracy of our financial disclosures and may raise reputational issues for our business. We expect to continue to face many risks and challenges related to the restatement, including the risk that the processes undertaken to effect the restatement may not have been adequate to identify and correct all errors in our historical financial statements and, as a result, we may discover additional errors and our financial statements remain subject to the risk of future restatement. We are also at risk of potential litigation or other disputes which may include, among others, claims invoking the federal and state securities laws, or other claims arising from the restatement. As of the date of this Annual Report, we are not aware of any such disputes arising out of the restatement.
We cannot ensure that all of the risks described above will be eliminated or that general reputational harm will not be caused due to the restatement. If one or more of the foregoing risks or challenges persist, our business, operations and financial condition are likely to be materially and adversely affected.
Delayed filing of our Annual Report on Form 10-K has made us currently ineligible to use certain registration statements to register the offer and sale of securities, which could adversely affect our ability to raise future capital or complete acquisitions.
Because we were unable to file our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 with the SEC on a timely basis, we will not be eligible to register the offer and sale of our securities using a registration statement on Form S-3 until we have timely filed all periodic reports required under the Exchange Act for one year. Should we wish to register the offer and sale of our securities to the public prior to the time we are eligible to use Form S-3, we would be required to file a registration statement on Form S-1 and have it reviewed and declared effective by the SEC. Doing so would likely take significantly longer than filing a registration statement on Form S-3 and increase our transaction costs, making it more difficult to execute any such transaction successfully and potentially harming our financial condition.
Furthermore, under SEC regulations, our failure to timely file our periodic reports with the SEC resulted in the suspension of the availability of our Form S-8 for issuances of shares underlying equity awards subject to these plans. With the filing of our Form 10-K on April 24, 2024, we regained compliance and our ability to use Form S-8. Although we are currently in compliance, we could fail to comply with these requirements again in the future, in which case we would lose our ability to use Form S-8 and our employees would not be permitted to exercise any outstanding options for unrestricted shares of our common stock and we would be unable to grant other equity awards under our Form S-8 until such time that we are deemed to have filed all reports and other materials required to be filed under the Exchange Act following any such future failure to timely file.
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We have previously fallen out of compliance with Nasdaq's requirements for continued listing, and any future failure to comply with Nasdaq's listing requirements could result in our common stock being delisted from the Nasdaq Global Market, which could have a material adverse effect on us and our stockholders.
On April 21, 2023, we received a letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of Nasdaq notifying us that, for the last 30 consecutive business days, the closing bid price for our common stock was below $1.00 per share, which is the minimum closing bid price required for continued listing. In accordance with Nasdaq rules, we had 180 calendar days from the date of the Notice, or until October 18, 2023, to regain compliance with the minimum closing bid price requirement. In order to regain compliance, our common stock had to trade above $1.00 per share for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days. On July 27, 2023, we effected a 1-for-25 Reverse Stock Split of our common stock with the intention of increasing the per share market price of our common stock to meet the minimum per share price requirement for continued listing on Nasdaq and we were in compliance with the minimum closing bid requirements as of August 10, 2023. There can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to comply with Nasdaq's minimum per share price requirement or other continued listing standards in the future.
On April 18, 2024, we received a deficiency letter from Nasdaq indicating that, as a result of not filing our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 in a timely manner, we were not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1) for continued listing on the Nasdaq Global Market. The deficiency letter indicated that we had until June 17, 2024 to regain compliance or submit a plan to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing standards. With the filing of our Form 10-K on April 24, 2024, we regained compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing standards and have eliminated the need to submit such a compliance plan. Although we are currently in compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements, we could fail to comply with these requirements again in the future. In that case, we would receive additional deficiency letters from Nasdaq and our common stock could be delisted from trading on the Nasdaq Global Market, which could severely limit the liquidity of our common stock and materially adversely affect the price of our common stock. In the event our common stock is delisted from Nasdaq, such a delisting would likely have a negative effect on the price of our securities, including our common stock, and would impair your ability to sell or purchase our securities when you wish to do so. In addition, in the event of a delisting, we can provide no assurance that any action taken by us to restore compliance with listing requirements would allow any of our securities to become listed again, stabilize the market price or improve the liquidity of our securities or prevent future non-compliance with Nasdaq’s listing requirements.
If Nasdaq delists our securities from trading on its exchange and we are not able to list our securities on another national securities exchange, we expect our securities could be quoted on an over-the-counter market. If this were to occur, we could face significant material adverse consequences, including:
•a limited availability of market quotations for our securities;
•reduced liquidity for our securities;
•a determination that our common stock is a “penny stock” which will require brokers trading in our common stock to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our securities;
•a limited amount of news and analyst coverage; and
•a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.
The National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996, which is a federal statute, prevents or preempts the states from regulating the sale of certain securities, which are referred to as “covered securities.” Since our common stock and public warrants are listed on the Nasdaq, they are covered securities. Although the states are preempted from regulating the sale of its securities, the federal statute does allow the states to investigate companies if there is a suspicion of fraud, and, if there is a finding of fraudulent activity, then the states can regulate or bar the sale of covered securities in a particular case. If we are no longer listed on the Nasdaq, our securities would not be covered securities and it would be subject to regulation in each state in which it offers its securities, including in connection with the initial business combination.
Changes to tax laws or exposure to additional tax liabilities may have a negative impact on our operating results.
Continued developments in U.S. tax reform and changes to tax laws and rates in other jurisdictions where we do business could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows. It is also possible that provisions of U.S. tax reform could be subsequently amended in a way that is adverse to us.
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In addition, we may undergo tax audits in various jurisdictions in which we operate. Although we believe that our income tax provisions and accruals are reasonable and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, and that we prepare our tax filings in accordance with all applicable tax laws, the final determination with respect to any tax audits and any related litigation, could be materially different from our historical income tax provisions and accruals. The results of a tax audit or litigation could materially affect our operating results and cash flows in the periods for which that determination is made. In addition, future period net income may be adversely impacted by litigation costs, settlements, penalties and interest assessments.
We are subject to legal proceedings and claims from time to time that may seek material damages or otherwise may have a material adverse effect on our business.
We are subject to legal proceedings and claims from time to time that may seek material damages or otherwise may have a material adverse effect on our business. For example, in April 2021, Daiwa Corporate Advisory Services filed a complaint against us for breach of contract with respect to transactions in connection with our merger. In addition, in August 2021, a putative securities class action complaint was filed against us and certain of our officers. These cases are still pending. See “Part II, Item 8. Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information. The costs we incur in defending ourselves or associated with settling any of these proceedings, as well as a material final judgment or decree against us, could materially adversely affect our financial condition by requiring the payment of the settlement amount, a judgment or the posting of a bond and/or such matters could otherwise materially and adversely impact our business, including resulting in additional dilution if we are obligated to issue shares to settle all or a portion of such legal proceedings.
In addition, others in our industry have defended class action lawsuits alleging various regulatory violations and have paid material amounts to settle such claims. If we are named in any such class action lawsuits or other legal proceedings, significant settlement amounts or final judgments could materially and adversely affect our liquidity and capital resources.
To attempt to limit costly and lengthy customer, employee and other litigation, including class actions, we require our customers and employees to sign arbitration agreements, including class action waivers. In addition to opt-out provisions contained in such agreements, recent judicial and regulatory actions have attempted to restrict or eliminate the enforceability of such agreements and waivers. If we are not permitted to use arbitration agreements and/or class action waivers, or if the enforceability of such agreements and waivers is restricted or eliminated, we could incur increased costs to resolve legal actions brought by customers, employees and others, as we would be forced to participate in more expensive and lengthy dispute resolution processes.
Operational Risks Related to Our Business
Uncertain market and economic conditions have had, and may in the future have, serious adverse consequences on our business, financial condition and share price.
The global economy, including credit and financial markets, has experienced extreme volatility and disruptions, including severely diminished liquidity and credit availability, declines in consumer confidence, declines in economic growth, increases in unemployment rates, increases in inflation rates, higher interest rates and uncertainty about economic stability. For example, in March 2023 a global banking crisis led to significant volatility in the capital markets. Similarly, the ongoing military conflicts between Israel and Hamas and Russia and Ukraine have had, and are expected to continue to have, global economic consequences. Any such volatility and disruptions may have adverse consequences on us or the third parties on whom we rely. If the equity and credit markets deteriorate, including as a result of political unrest or war, it may make any necessary debt or equity financing more difficult to obtain in a timely manner or on favorable terms, more costly or more dilutive. Increased inflation rates can adversely affect us by increasing our costs, including labor and employee benefit costs. In addition, higher inflation could also adversely affect discretionary spending for non-prime customers, which could reduce demand for our products and services. Any significant increases in inflation and related increase in interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Failure to effectively manage our costs could have a material adverse effect on our profitability.
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Certain elements of our cost structure are largely fixed in nature. Consumer spending remains uncertain, which makes it more challenging for us to maintain or increase our operating margins. The competitive environment in our industry and increasing price transparency means that the focus on achieving efficient operations is greater than ever. As a result, we must continuously focus on managing our cost structure. Failure to manage our overall cost of operations, labor and benefit rates, advertising and marketing expenses, operating leases, data costs, payment processing costs, cost of capital, or indirect spending could materially adversely affect our profitability.
Negative publicity about us or our industry could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
Negative publicity about us or our industry, including the transparency, fairness, user experience, quality, and reliability of our platform or lease-to-own platforms in general, effectiveness of our risk model, our ability to effectively manage and resolve complaints, our data privacy and security practices, litigation, regulatory activity, misconduct by our employees, funding sources, service providers, or others in our industry, the experience of customers and investors with our platform or services or lease-to-own platforms in general, even if inaccurate, could adversely affect our reputation and the confidence in, and the use of, our platform, which could harm our reputation and cause disruptions to our platform. For instance, in October 2020, a data breach broker purported to offer customer records from a number of companies, including us, for sale on a hacker forum. Although we determined with third party firms and our internal team that the compromised data did not include confidential proprietary or personal data, we cannot guarantee that this publicity or any similar publicity in the future will not have a negative effect on our business or reputation. Any such reputational harm could further affect the behavior of customers, including their willingness to utilize lease-to-own programs through our platform or to make payments on their leases. As a result, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
Misconduct and errors by our employees, vendors, and service providers could harm our business and reputation.
We are exposed to many types of operational risk, including the risk of misconduct and errors by our employees, vendors, and other service providers. Our business depends on our employees, vendors, and service providers to process a large number of increasingly complex transactions, including transactions that involve significant dollar amounts and lease-to-own transactions that involve the use and disclosure of personally identifiable information and business information. We could be adversely affected if transactions were redirected, misappropriated, or otherwise improperly executed, personal and business information was disclosed to unintended recipients, or an operational breakdown or failure in the processing of other transactions occurred, whether as a result of human error, a purposeful sabotage or a fraudulent manipulation of our operations or systems. In addition, the manner in which we store and use certain personal data and interact with customers and merchants through our platform is governed by various federal and state laws. If any of our employees, vendors, or service providers take, convert, or misuse funds, documents, or data, or fail to follow protocol when interacting with customers and merchants, we could be liable for damages and subject to regulatory actions and penalties. We could also be perceived to have facilitated or participated in the illegal misappropriation of funds, documents, or data, or the failure to follow protocol, and therefore be subject to civil or criminal liability. For example, our operations are subject to certain laws generally prohibiting companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business, such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and similar anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions. Violations by our employees, contractors or agents of policies and procedures we have implemented to ensure compliance with these laws could subject us to civil or criminal investigations in the U.S. and in other jurisdictions, could lead to substantial civil and criminal, monetary and non-monetary penalties, and related shareholder lawsuits, could cause us to incur significant legal fees, and could damage our reputation. It is not always possible to identify and deter misconduct or errors by employees, vendors, or service providers, and the precautions we take to detect and prevent this activity may not be effective in controlling unknown or unmanaged risks or losses. Any of these occurrences could result in our diminished ability to operate our business, potential liability to customers and merchants, inability to attract future customers and merchants, reputational damage, regulatory intervention, and financial harm, which could negatively impact our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
The loss of the services of any of our leadership team could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
The experience of our leadership team are valuable assets to us. Our leadership team has significant experience in the financial technology industry and would be difficult to replace. Competition for senior executives in our industry is intense, and we may not be able to attract and retain qualified personnel to replace or succeed any of our leaders. Failure to retain or recruit leadership team members could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
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Our business depends on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled employees.
Our future success depends on our ability to identify, hire, develop, motivate, and retain highly qualified personnel for all areas of our organization, in particular, a highly experienced sales force, data scientists, and engineers. Competition for these types of highly skilled employees, is extremely intense. Trained and experienced personnel are in high demand and may be in short supply. Many of the companies with which we compete for experienced employees have greater resources than we do and may be able to offer more attractive terms of employment. In addition, we invest significant time and expense in training our employees, which increases their value to competitors that may seek to recruit them. We may not be able to attract, develop, and maintain the skilled workforce necessary to operate our business, and labor expenses may increase as a result of a shortage in the supply of qualified personnel. If we are unable to maintain and build our highly experienced sales force, or are unable to continue to attract experienced engineering and technology personnel, as well as other qualified employees, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.
Additional Risks Relating to Ownership of Company Securities
The ultimate effect of the Reverse Stock Split on the market price of our common stock cannot be predicted with any certainty.
The ultimate effect of the Reverse Stock Split on the market price of our common stock cannot be predicted with any certainty, and we cannot assure you that the Reverse Stock Split will result in any or all of the expected benefits for any meaningful period of time, or at all. While the Reverse Stock Split had the effect of increasing the market price of our common stock, we cannot assure you that it will result in permanent or sustained increase in the market price of our common stock. Further, as a result of the Reverse Stock Split, our “float” or the number of shares that are available to the public for purchase has been substantially reduced which, in itself, may cause more volatility or limit the ability of potential investors from owning our stock. The market price of our common stock depends on multiple factors, many of which are unrelated to the number of shares outstanding, including our business and financial performance, general market conditions and prospects for future success, any of which could have a counteracting effect to the Reverse Stock Split on the per share price.
The price of our securities may change significantly in the future and stockholders could lose all or part of their investment as a result.
The trading price of our common stock and public warrants is likely to be volatile and the trading price of our securities have experienced extreme volatility and a significant decline. The securities markets have experienced significant volatility as macroeconomic conditions, such as high inflation and the ongoing geopolitical conflicts including those between Russia and Ukraine and in the Middle East. Market volatility, as well as general economic, market, or political conditions, could reduce the market price of shares of our common stock regardless of our operating performance. Our operating results have been below and could continue to be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors due to a number of potential factors, including:
•results of operations that vary from the expectations of securities analysts and investors;
•results of operations that vary from those of our competitors;
•factors affecting consumer spending that are not under our control;
•changes in expectations as to our future financial performance, including financial estimates and investment recommendations by securities analysts and investors;
•declines in the market prices of stocks generally;
•strategic actions by us or our competitors;
•announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, joint ventures, other strategic relationships or capital commitments;
•any significant change in our management;
•changes in general economic or market conditions or trends in our industry or markets;
•changes in business or regulatory conditions, including new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to our business;
•future sales of our common stock or other securities;
•investor perceptions or the investment opportunity associated with our common stock relative to other investment alternatives;
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•the public’s response to press releases or other public announcements by us or third parties, including our filings with the SEC;
•litigation involving us, our industry, or both, or investigations by regulators into our operations or those of our competitors;
•guidance, if any, that we provide to the public, any changes in this guidance or our failure to meet this guidance;
•the development and sustainability of an active trading market for our stock;
•actions by institutional or activist stockholders;
•changes in accounting standards, policies, guidelines, interpretations or principles; and
•other events or factors, including those resulting from natural disasters, geopolitical conflict (including the conflict involving Russia and Ukraine and the Israel-Hamas conflict), pandemics (including COVID-19), acts of terrorism or responses to these events.
These broad market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. In addition, price volatility may be greater if the public float and trading volume of our common stock or public warrants is low.
The majority of our management has limited experience in operating a public company.
Our executive officers have limited experience in the management of a publicly traded company. Their limited experience in dealing with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to public companies could be a disadvantage in that it is possible that an increasing amount of our management’s time may be devoted to these activities which will result in less time being devoted to our management and growth. We may not have adequate personnel with the appropriate level of knowledge, experience and training in the accounting policies, practices or internal control over financial reporting required of public companies in the U.S. The development and implementation of the standards and controls necessary for us to achieve the level of accounting standards required of a public company in the U.S. may require costs greater than expected. It is possible that we will be required to expand our employee base and hire additional employees to support our operations as a public company which may increase our operating costs in future periods.
We will continue to incur significant costs as a result of operating as a public company, and our management will continue to devote substantial time for new compliance initiatives.
As a public company, we will continue to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company, and these expenses may increase after we are no longer an emerging growth company, as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the listing requirements of Nasdaq and other applicable securities rules and regulations impose various requirements on public companies. Our management and other personnel will need to continue to devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives. The increased costs will impact our financial position. These rules and regulations may make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance and we may be forced to accept reduced policy limits, higher retention levels, or incur substantially higher costs to maintain the same or similar coverage. We cannot predict or estimate the amount or timing of additional costs we may incur to respond to these requirements.
Because there are no current plans to pay cash dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future, you may not receive any return on investment unless you sell your common stock for a price greater than that which you paid for it.
We intend to retain future earnings, if any, for future operations, expansion and debt repayment and there are no current plans to pay any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. The declaration, amount and payment of any future dividends on shares of our common stock will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors. Our board of directors may take into account general and economic conditions, our financial condition and results of operations, our available cash and current and anticipated cash needs, capital requirements, contractual, legal, tax, and regulatory restrictions, implications on the payment of dividends by us to our stockholders or by its subsidiaries to it and such other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant. In addition, our ability to pay dividends is limited by covenants of our existing and outstanding indebtedness and may be limited by
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covenants of any future indebtedness that we incur. As a result, you may not receive any return on an investment in our common stock unless you sell our common stock for a price greater than that which you paid for it.
If securities analysts do not publish research or reports about our business or if they downgrade our stock or our sector, our stock price and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our common stock will rely in part on the research and reports that industry or financial analysts publish about us or our business. We will not control these analysts. In addition, some financial analysts may have limited expertise with our model and operations. Furthermore, if one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our stock or industry, or the stock of any of our competitors, or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the price of our stock could decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of us or fails to publish reports on it regularly, we could lose visibility in the market, which in turn could cause its stock price or trading volume to decline.
Future sales, or potential future sales, by us or our stockholders in the public market could cause the market price for our common stock to decline.
The sale of shares of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales could occur, could harm the prevailing market price of shares of our common stock. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that it deems appropriate.
The lock-up agreement contained in the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement (the “A&R RRA”) with us expired and the shares of common stock held by the stockholders party to the A&R RRA are eligible for resale which could result in the market price of shares of our common stock dropping significantly if the holders of these shares sell them or are perceived by the market as intending to sell them. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to raise additional funds through future offerings of our common stock or other securities.
In addition, common stock reserved for future issuance under our equity incentive plans will become eligible for sale in the public market once those shares are issued, subject to provisions relating to various vesting agreements, lock-up agreements and, in some cases, limitations on volume and manner of sale applicable to affiliates under Rule 144, as applicable. The aggregate number of shares of our common stock initially reserved for future issuance under our 2021 equity incentive plan was 639,467 and as of March 31, 2024, there were 248,051 shares of comm on stock available for future issuance under the 2021 equity incentive plan.
In the future, we may also issue securities in connection with investments or acquisitions. The amount of shares of common stock issued in connection with an investment or acquisition could constitute a material portion of our then-outstanding shares of common stock. Any issuance of additional securities in connection with investments or acquisitions may result in additional dilution to our stockholders.
Warrants are exercisable for our common stock, which would increase the number of shares eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to our existing stockholders.
As of March 31, 2024, we had outstanding warrants to purchase an aggregate of 673,300 shares of our common stock. The warrant agreement, dated as of October 31, 2019, between the Company and FinServ Acquisition Corp. entitles each warrant holder thereof to purchase one (1) share of our common stock at a price of $11.50 per whole share, subject to adjustment. Warrants may be exercised only for a whole number of shares of common stock. In addition, on March 6, 2023, in connection with the 15th amendment of our Credit Agreement, we issued a warrant to purchase up to 80,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.25 per share, which vested on September 6, 2023. On December 5, 2023, we issued a warrant to purchase an additional 80,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.25 per share which are vested.To the extent such warrants are exercised, additional shares of our common stock will be issued, which will result in dilution to the then existing holders of our common stock and increase the number of shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
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The JOBS Act permits “emerging growth companies” like us to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.
We qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, which we refer to as the “JOBS Act.” As such, we will take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies for as long as it continues to be an emerging growth company, including (i) the exemption from the auditor attestation requirements with respect to internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (ii) the exemptions from say-on-pay, say-on-frequency and say-on-golden parachute voting requirements and (iii) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements. As a result, our stockholders may not have access to certain information they deem important. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) December 31, 2024, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.235 billion or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our common stock that are held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of our prior second quarter, and (ii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period.
In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the exemption from complying with new or revised accounting standards provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act as long as we are an emerging growth company. An emerging growth company can therefore delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies, but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. We have elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, we, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of our financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
We cannot predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.
Anti-takeover provisions in our organizational documents could delay or prevent a change of control.
Certain provisions of our Amended and Restated Charter and Amended and Restated Bylaws have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, defer or prevent a merger, acquisition, tender offer, takeover attempt or other change of control transaction that a stockholder might consider in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares held by our stockholders.
These provisions provide for, among other things:
•the ability of our board of directors to issue one or more series of preferred stock;
•advance notice for nominations of directors by stockholders and for stockholders to include matters to be considered at our annual meetings;
•certain limitations on convening special stockholder meetings;
•limiting the ability of stockholders to act by written consent; and
•our board of directors have the express authority to make, alter or repeal our Amended and Restated Bylaws.
These anti-takeover provisions could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if the third party’s offer may be considered beneficial by many of our stockholders. As a result, our stockholders may be limited in their ability to obtain a premium for their shares. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for you and other stockholders to elect directors of your choosing and to cause us to take other corporate actions you desire.
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Our Amended and Restated Charter designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or stockholders.
Our Amended and Restated Charter provides that, subject to limited exceptions, any (1) derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of us, (2) action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, stockholder or employee to us or our stockholders, (3) action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or our Amended and Restated Charter or our Amended and Restated Bylaws, or (4) action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be exclusively brought in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction thereof, another state or federal court located within the State of Delaware. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of our Amended and Restated Charter described above. This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or its directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find these provisions of our Amended and Restated Charter inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
None.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans
During the quarter ended March 31, 2024, none of our directors or executive officers informed us of the adoption, modification or termination of a "Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan" or "non-Rule3.3110b5-1 Trading Plan," as those terms are defined in Regulation S-K, Item 408.
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit # |  | Description
3.1 |  | Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated June 9, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 15, 2021).
3.2 |  | Certificate of Amendment to the Katapult Holdings, Inc. Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Katapult Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2023).
31.1* |  | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
31.2* |  | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
32.1** |  | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
32.2** |  | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL Document)

* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith and not deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act (whether made before or after the date of the Form 10-Q), irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: | May 15, 2024 |  |  | /s/ Nancy Walsh |
|  |  |  | Nancy Walsh |
|  |  |  | Chief Financial Officer |
|  |  |  | (Principal Financial Officer) |

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