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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Pre-Tax Income (Loss) by Jurisdiction | In 2018, 2017 and 2016, pre-tax income (loss) was attributed to the following jurisdictions:
| Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Domestic operations | $ | (28,482 | ) |  | $ | (12,852 | ) |  | $ | 165 |
Foreign operations | 54,648 |  |  | 20,140 |  |  | 25,023 |
Total | $ | 26,166 |  |  | $ | 7,288 |  |  | $ | 25,188 |
Provision for Income Taxes | The provision for income taxes charged to operations was as follows:
| Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Current tax expense: |  |  |  |  |
U.S. federal | $ | (1,074 | ) |  | $ | 3,406 |  |  | $ | 1,748 |
State and local | 83 |  |  | 72 |  |  | 374 |
Foreign | 10,829 |  |  | 8,304 |  |  | 4,150 |
Total current | 9,838 |  |  | 11,782 |  |  | 6,272 |
Deferred tax (benefit) expense: |  |  |  |  |
U.S. federal | 3,961 |  |  | 9,495 |  |  | (1,416 | )
State and local | 1,930 |  |  | (369 | ) |  | (356 | )
Foreign | (1,487 | ) |  | (3,297 | ) |  | 304 |
Total deferred | 4,404 |  |  | 5,829 |  |  | (1,468 | )
Total provision for income taxes | $ | 14,242 |  |  | $ | 17,611 |  |  | $ | 4,804 |
Net Deferred Tax Assets | Net deferred tax assets were comprised of the following:
| December 31,
(In thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |
Inventory reserves | $ | 1,428 |  |  | $ | 1,104 |
Capitalized research costs | 22 |  |  | 23 |
Capitalized inventory costs | 1,541 |  |  | 609 |
Net operating losses | 2,810 |  |  | 999 |
Acquired tangible assets | 1,204 |  |  | 287 |
Accrued liabilities | 1,090 |  |  | 1,239 |
Income tax credits | 10,020 |  |  | 8,861 |
Stock-based compensation | 3,181 |  |  | 2,712 |
Amortization of intangible assets | 1,135 |  |  | 526 |
Total deferred tax assets | 22,431 |  |  | 16,360 |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |
Depreciation | 661 |  |  | (944 | )
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (739 | ) |  | (444 | )
Other | (4,189 | ) |  | (2,680 | )
Total deferred tax liabilities | (4,267 | ) |  | (4,068 | )
Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance | 18,164 |  |  | 12,292 |
Less: Valuation allowance | (17,261 | ) |  | (8,802 | )
Net deferred tax assets | $ | 903 |  |  | $ | 3,490 |
Reconciliation of Tax Provision at Statutory U.S. Rate to Provision for Income Taxes | The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the applicable U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to pre-tax income from operations as a result of the following:
| Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Tax provision at statutory U.S. rate | $ | 5,495 |  |  | $ | 2,551 |  |  | $ | 8,554 |
Increase (decrease) in tax provision resulting from: |  |  |  |  |
State and local taxes, net | (1,792 | ) |  | (733 | ) |  | (553 | )
Foreign tax rate differential | (2,079 | ) |  | (296 | ) |  | (3,244 | )
Foreign undistributed earnings, net of credits | 5,329 |  |  | 14,211 |  |  | — |
Nondeductible items | 1,197 |  |  | 891 |  |  | 839 |
Federal research and development credits | (713 | ) |  | (620 | ) |  | (710 | )
Non-territorial income | (1,079 | ) |  | (1,517 | ) |  | (1,458 | )
Withholding tax | 5,454 |  |  | 1,078 |  |  | 1,762 |
Change in deductibility of social insurance | (3 | ) |  | 5 |  |  | 8 |
Uncertain tax positions | (159 | ) |  | 1,344 |  |  | 165 |
Stock-based compensation | 213 |  |  | 479 |  |  | — |
Federal tax rate change | 466 |  |  | 686 |  |  | — |
Valuation allowance | 8,057 |  |  | 149 |  |  | 1,598 |
Foreign permanent benefit | (7,077 | ) |  | (451 | ) |  | (2,110 | )
Other | 933 |  |  | (166 | ) |  | (47 | )
Tax provision | $ | 14,242 |  |  | $ | 17,611 |  |  | $ | 4,804 |
Changes to Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits | Changes to our gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows:
| Year ended December 31,
(In thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 5,081 |  |  | $ | 3,622 |  |  | $ | 3,469 |
Additions as a result of tax provisions taken during the current year | 702 |  |  | 1,489 |  |  | 305 |
Foreign currency translation | (51 | ) |  | 90 |  |  | (93 | )
Lapse in statute of limitations | (80 | ) |  | (141 | ) |  | (67 | )
Settlements | (1,612 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Other | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | 8 |
Balance at end of period | $ | 4,040 |  |  | $ | 5,081 |  |  | $ | 3,622 |

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