Property, Plant, and Equipment, Net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property, plant, and equipment, net were as follows:


	December 31,
(In thousands)	2021		2020
Buildings	$	19,830	$	19,984
Computer equipment	9,655		10,213
Furniture and fixtures	3,905		3,972
Leasehold and building improvements	41,437		39,656
Machinery and equipment	102,864		101,117
Software	23,993		24,915
Tooling	34,000		34,379
	235,684		234,236
Accumulated depreciation	(165,906)		(154,216)
	69,778		80,020
Construction in progress	4,869		7,265
Total property, plant, and equipment, net	$	74,647	$	87,285

Depreciation expense was $22.8 million, $23.2 million and $24.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we incurred $3.3 million in impairment charges, recorded in cost of sales, relating to the underutilization of property, plant and equipment in our PRC-based factories, as a result of our long-term factory planning strategy of reducing our concentration risk in that region. Impairment charges were immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Construction in progress was as follows:


	December 31,
(In thousands)	2021		2020
Leasehold and building improvements	$	100	$	2,487
Machinery and equipment	1,912		3,075
Software	1,272		213
Tooling	1,168		1,397
Other	417		93
Total construction in progress	$	4,869	$	7,265

We expect that most of the assets under construction will be placed into service during the first six months of 2022. We will begin to depreciate the cost of these assets under construction once they are placed into service.

Long-lived tangible assets by geographic area, which include property, plant, and equipment, net and operating lease ROU assets, were as follows:


	December 31,
(In thousands)	2021		2020
United States	$	16,804	$	15,411
People's Republic of China	52,851		64,197
Mexico	20,509		22,410
All other countries	4,330		4,789
Total long-lived tangible assets	$	94,494	$	106,807