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Equity
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
Equity

Note 8 – Equity

Equity Financing Programs

The Company maintains two facilities that enable equity financing on an ongoing basis at the Company’s sole discretion, our at-the-market (ATM) offering and our common stock purchase agreement with Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (Lincoln Park).

In November 2021, the Company entered into a sales agreement with a financial institution, pursuant to which the Company may issue and sell, from time to time, shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $50.0 million (the ATM Shares), subject to terms and conditions. The Shares will be offered and sold by the Company pursuant to its previously filed and currently effective registration statement on Form S-3, and sales of common stock, if any, will be made at market prices by methods deemed to be an “at-the-market offering” as defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, including sales made directly on the NASDAQ Global Market, or any other existing trading market for our common stock.

On March 7, 2022 (the LPC Effective Date), the Company entered into a purchase agreement with Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (the Purchase Agreement), pursuant to which Lincoln Park has committed to purchase up to $50.0 million of the Company's common stock (the LPC Facility). Under the terms and subject to the conditions of the Purchase Agreement, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to sell to Lincoln Park, and Lincoln Park is obligated to purchase up to $50.0 million of the Company’s common stock. Such sales of common stock by the Company, if any, will be subject to certain limitations, and may occur from time to time, at the Company’s sole discretion, over the 36-month period commencing on the LPC Effective Date. The Purchase Agreement may be terminated by the Company at any time, at its sole discretion, without any cost or penalty, by giving one business day notice to Lincoln Park to terminate the Purchase Agreement. Lincoln Park has covenanted not to cause or engage in any manner whatsoever, any direct or indirect short selling or hedging of the common stock.

On the LPC Effective Date, the Company issued 184,275 shares of common stock to Lincoln Park as a commitment fee (the Initial Commitment Shares) for which the Company did not receive consideration and, upon the available amount being reduced to an amount equal to or less than $20.0 million, the Company will be required to issue 61,425 shares (the Additional Commitment Shares and together

with the Initial Commitment Shares, collectively, the Commitment Shares). The Initial Commitment Shares issued were valued at $0.6 million and, together with due diligence expenses and legal fees of $0.1 million, reflect deferred offering costs of $0.7 million, which are included on the condensed balance sheet in 'Other long-term assets'. The deferred offering costs will be charged against 'Additional paid-in capital' upon future proceeds from the sale of common stock under the Purchase Agreement. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, there were no deferred offering costs charged against 'Additional paid-in capital' and the Company expensed approximately $0.1 million of deferred offering costs to 'Other (expense) income, net' in the condensed statement of operations as a result of changes in the probability of our ability to fully utilize the LPC Facility prior to the termination date. As of March 31, 2024, $0.6 million of deferred offering costs remain.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company raised approximately $0.6 million ($0.6 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable), in gross proceeds from the sale of 313,928 common shares at a weighted average price per share of $1.99 under the ATM facility. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had remaining available capacity for share issuances of approximately $28.2 million under the ATM facility and up to $46.9 million under the LPC facility, each subject to the restrictions and limitations of the underlying facilities, as well as volume limitations under applicable SEC rules and regulations that limit their availability as sources of funding. On April 5, 2024, the Company filed Supplement No. 1 to the ATM Prospectus Supplement dated December 22, 2021. To comply with volume limitations under applicable SEC rules and regulations, Supplement No. 1 reduced the aggregate offering price to up to $100,000 of shares in order to maximize the amount the Company could offer under the April 2024 Offering (see Note 14 - Subsequent Events).

Warrants

During 2018, the Company issued warrants to purchase shares of convertible preferred stock in conjunction with the sale of certain convertible preferred shares and issuance of debt. The Company issued to the lender a warrant to purchase 613,333 shares of Series G convertible preferred stock, at an exercise price of $0.75 per share, subject to adjustment upon specified dilutive issuances. The warrant was immediately exercisable upon issuance and expires on February 23, 2028. Through the effective date of the Company’s initial public offering (IPO) in October 2020, the Series G warrants were remeasured to an estimate of fair value using a Black-Scholes pricing model. As a result of the Company’s IPO, the preferred stock warrants were automatically converted to warrants to purchase 103,326 shares of common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $4.46 and were also transferred to additional paid-in capital. All common stock warrants remain outstanding as of March 31, 2024.

On November 21, 2022, as consideration for the Perceptive Term Loan Facility (see Note 6 – Debt), the Company issued the Perceptive Warrant to purchase up to 5,000,000 shares of the Company's common stock, including the Initial Warrants. The per share exercise price for the Initial Warrants is equal to $1.0648, which is equal to the lower of (A) the 10-day VWAP of the Company’s common stock on the business day immediately prior to the Closing Date of the Tranche A Loan or (B) the public offering price per share of common stock of $1.15. The Initial Warrants are equity classified and were immediately exercisable upon issuance and expire on November 21, 2032. The Initial Warrants were valued at $2.9 million using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model assuming an expected term of 10 years, a volatility of 81.3%, a dividend yield of 0% and a risk-free interest rate of 3.67%. All Initial Warrants remain outstanding as of March 31, 2024.

On May 10, 2023, as consideration for the First Amendment (see Note 6 – Debt), the Company agreed to issue to Perceptive a warrant to purchase up to 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the First Amendment Warrants) at a per share exercise price equal to $1.6254, which is equal to the 10-day VWAP of the Company’s common stock ending on the business day immediately prior to the First Amendment Effective Date. The First Amendment Warrants are equity classified and immediately exercisable upon issuance and expire on May 10, 2033. The First Amendment Warrants were valued at $0.7 million using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model assuming an expected term of 10 years, a volatility of 78.7%, a dividend yield of 0% and a risk-free interest rate of 3.49%. All First Amendment Warrants remain outstanding as of March 31, 2024.

On December 15, 2023 (the Tranche B Borrowing Date), the Company exercised its ability to draw the Tranche B loan (see Note 8 – Debt). In connection with the Tranche B draw, the Company remeasured the Tranche B Warrants through the Tranche B Borrowing Date and recorded the change in fair value through the statement of operations and, subsequently, reclassified the fair value to additional paid-in capital. The Tranche B Warrants are now equity classified and immediately exercisable upon issuance and expire on December 15, 2033. The Tranche B Warrants were valued at $1.3 million using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model assuming an expected term of 10 years, a volatility of 76.2%, a dividend yield of 0% and a risk-free interest rate of 3.91%. All Tranche B Warrants remain outstanding as of March 31, 2024.