<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-23-093542.txt : 20230818
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-23-093542.hdr.sgml : 20230818
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20230818170111
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-23-093542
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	424B5
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		3
FILED AS OF DATE:		20230818
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20230818

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Knightscope, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001600983
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT, NEC [3669]
		IRS NUMBER:				462482575
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		424B5
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-269493
		FILM NUMBER:		231186572

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1070 TERRA BELLA AVENUE
		CITY:			MOUNTAIN VIEW
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			94043
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(650) 924-1025

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1070 TERRA BELLA AVENUE
		CITY:			MOUNTAIN VIEW
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			94043
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>424B5
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>tm2323635d1_424b5.htm
<DESCRIPTION>424B5
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Registration No. 333-269493</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT</B></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><IMG SRC="tm2323635d1_424b5img01.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Knightscope,&nbsp;Inc.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Up to $25,000,000</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Class&nbsp;A Common Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We have entered into an At the Market Offering
Agreement, dated February&nbsp;1, 2023&nbsp;(the &#8220;Sales Agreement&#8221;), with H.C. Wainwright&nbsp;&amp; Co., LLC (&#8220;Wainwright&#8221;
or the &#8220;sales agent&#8221;) relating to shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, offered by this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus. In accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement, we may from time to time offer and sell
shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $25,000,000 through Wainwright as our sales agent
under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Sales of the shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock,
if any, may be made by means of transactions that are deemed to be &#8220;at-the-market&#8221; offerings, as defined in Rule&nbsp;415
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &#8220;Securities Act&#8221;), including ordinary brokers&#8217; transactions on The
Nasdaq Global Market or other trading market. If we and Wainwright agree on any method of distribution other than sales of shares of
our Class&nbsp;A common stock into The Nasdaq Global Market or another existing trading market in the United States at market prices,
we will file a prospectus supplement providing all information about such offering as required by Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;under the Securities
Act. The sales agent will receive from us a commission of 3.0% based on the gross sales price per share for any shares sold through the
sales agent under the Sales Agreement. Under the terms of the Sales Agreement, we also may sell shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock
to the sales agent as principal for its own account at a price agreed upon at the time of sale. If we sell shares to the sales agent
as principal, we will enter into a separate terms agreement with the sales agent and we will describe the agreement in a separate prospectus
supplement or pricing supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In connection with the sale of shares of our
Class&nbsp;A common stock on our behalf, the sales agent may be deemed to be an &#8220;underwriter&#8221; within the meaning of the Securities
Act, and the compensation paid to the sales agent may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have agreed to provide
indemnification and contribution to the sales agent against certain liabilities, including civil liabilities under the Securities Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The sales agent is not required to sell any specific
number or dollar amount of shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock, but, subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement and
unless otherwise agreed by us and the sales agent, the sales agent will use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal
trading and sales practices to sell the shares offered as our sales agent. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in any escrow,
trust or similar arrangement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our Class&nbsp;B common stock is not publicly
traded. Holders of Class&nbsp;A common stock and holders of Class&nbsp;B common stock have substantially identical rights, except that
holders of Class&nbsp;A common stock are entitled to one vote per share and holders of shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock are entitled
to 10 votes per share. Holders of Class&nbsp;A common stock and holders of Class&nbsp;B common stock vote together as a single class
on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, unless otherwise required by law or our certificate of incorporation. Each share
of Class&nbsp;B common stock may be converted into a share of Class&nbsp;A common stock at any time at the election of the holder. See
 &#8220;Description of Capital Stock.&#8221;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our Class&nbsp;A common stock is traded on The
Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol &#8220;KSCP.&#8221; On August 17, 2023, the last reported sales price of our Class&nbsp;A common
stock on The Nasdaq Global Market was $1.29 per share.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We are an &#8220;emerging growth company&#8221;
as defined under U.S. federal securities laws and, as such, have elected to comply with reduced public company reporting requirements.
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus comply with the requirements that apply to an issuer that is an emerging growth
company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Investing in our securities involves a high
degree of risk. Before buying any securities, you should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading &#8220;<A HREF="#S-4">Risk&nbsp;Factors</A>&#8221;
beginning on page&nbsp;S-4 of this prospectus supplement and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete.
Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 14pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>H.C. Wainwright&nbsp;&amp; Co.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>The date of this prospectus is August 18, 2023.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>TABLE OF CONTENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Prospectus Supplement</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="width: 95%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: right"><B><U>Page</U></B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD><A HREF="#S-1"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">About This Prospectus SUPPLEMENT</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><A HREF="#S-1">S-ii</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom"><A HREF="#S-2"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">Cautionary NOTE Regarding Forward-Looking
    Statements</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right"><A HREF="#S-2">S-iii</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom"><A HREF="#S-3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">PROSPECTUS SUMMARY</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right"><A HREF="#S-3">S-1</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom"><A HREF="#S-4"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">RISK FACTORS</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right"><A HREF="#S-4">S-4</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom"><A HREF="#S-5"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">Use of Proceeds</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right"><A HREF="#S-5">S-8</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom"><A HREF="#S-6"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">DILUTION</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right"><A HREF="#S-6">S-9</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom"><A HREF="#S-7"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right"><A HREF="#S-7">S-11</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom"><A HREF="#S-8"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">CERTAIN MATERIAL UNITED STATES FEDERAL
    INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OR NON-U.S. HOLDERS OF CLASS&nbsp;A COMMON STOCK</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right"><A HREF="#S-8">S-18</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom"><A HREF="#S-9"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">Plan of Distribution</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right"><A HREF="#S-9">S-21</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom"><A HREF="#S-10"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">Legal Matters</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right"><A HREF="#S-10">S-22</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom"><A HREF="#S-11"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">Experts</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right"><A HREF="#S-11">S-22</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom"><A HREF="#S-12"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">Where You Can Find ADDITIONAL Information</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right"><A HREF="#S-12">S-22</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom"><A HREF="#S-13"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">INFORMATION of certain documents BY REFERENCE</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right"><A HREF="#S-13">S-22</A></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Prospectus</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" BORDER="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD STYLE="text-align: right; width: 95%">&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="text-align: right; width: 5%"><B><U>Page</U></B></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_001">About This Prospectus</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_001">ii</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_002">Cautionary NOTE Regarding Forward-Looking
    Statements</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_002">iii</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_003">RISK FACTORS</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_003">1</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_004">OUR COmpANY</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_004">2</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_005">Use of Proceeds</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_005">1</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_006">DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_006">2</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_007">DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_007">8</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_008">DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_008">14</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_009">DESCRIPTION OF UNITS</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_009">15</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_010">Plan of Distribution</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_010">16</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_011">Legal Matters</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_011">18</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_012">Experts</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_012">18</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_013">Where You Can Find More Information</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_013">18</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_014">INFORMATION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_014">18</A></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="S-1"></A>ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">This prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form&nbsp;S-3 that we filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;)
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &#8220;Securities Act&#8221;), utilizing a &#8220;shelf&#8221; registration process.
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus relate to the offer by us of shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock in this
offering. Under the shelf registration process, we may offer shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock having an aggregate offering price
of up to $25,000,000 from time to time under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus at prices to be determined by
market conditions at the time of the offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We provide information to you about this offering
of shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock in in two separate documents that are bound together: (1)&nbsp;this prospectus supplement,
which describes the specific details regarding this offering, and (2)&nbsp;the accompanying prospectus, which provides general information,
some of which may not apply to this offering. Generally, when we refer to this &#8220;prospectus,&#8221; we are referring to both documents
combined. If information in this prospectus supplement is inconsistent with the accompanying prospectus, you should rely on this prospectus
supplement. In addition, to the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus supplement, on the one
hand, and the information contained in any document incorporated by reference that was filed with the SEC before the date of this prospectus
supplement, on the other hand, you should rely on the information in this sales agreement prospectus supplement. If any statement in
one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date - for example, a document incorporated
by reference in this prospectus supplement - the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">This prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference therein, describes the specific terms of this offering. We urge you to
carefully read this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and the documents incorporated by reference herein, before
buying any of the securities being offered under this prospectus supplement. This prospectus supplement may add to or update information
contained in the documents incorporated by reference therein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">You should rely only on the information contained
in this prospectus or incorporated by reference herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>We have not authorized anyone to provide you
with information different from or inconsistent with the information contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.
We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you.
You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus
supplement is accurate only as of the date of those respective documents, regardless of the time of delivery of those respective documents.
Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. You should read this prospectus
supplement and the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement in their entirety before making an investment decision.
You should also read and consider the information in the documents to which we have referred you in the sections of this prospectus supplement
entitled &#8220;Where You Can Find More Information&#8221; and &#8220;Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference.&#8221; These
documents contain important information that you should consider when making your investment decision.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>For investors outside of the United States:
we have not, and the sales agent has not, done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus
or any free writing prospectuses in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons
outside of the United States who come into possession of this prospectus or any free writing prospectuses must inform themselves about,
and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of our securities and the distribution of this prospectus or any free writing
prospectuses outside of the United States.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">You should assume that the information in this
prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the date on the front of this document and that any information we have incorporated by
reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, regardless of the date of delivery of this prospectus
supplement, or the date of any sale of a security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">This prospectus supplement may include trademarks,
service marks and trade names owned by us or other companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade names included in this prospectus
are the property of their respective owners.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Unless otherwise mentioned or unless the context
requires otherwise, all references in this prospectus to the &#8220;Company,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;us,&#8221; &#8220;our,&#8221;
and &#8220;Knightscope&#8221; refer to Knightscope,&nbsp;Inc. The term &#8220;you&#8221; refers to a prospective investor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="S-2"></A>CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Certain statements in this prospectus supplement,
the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated herein by reference include &#8220;forward-looking statements&#8221; within
the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section&nbsp;27A of the Securities Act and Section&nbsp;21E of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;). All statements contained in this prospectus supplement,
the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein other than statements of historical fact, including statements
regarding our future operating results and financial position, including projections of our future financial performance, our business
strategy and plans, market growth, our objectives for future operations, industry trends, anticipated trends in our business and other
characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. Words such as &#8220;believe,&#8221; &#8220;may,&#8221;
 &#8220;will,&#8221; &#8220;estimate,&#8221; &#8220;potential,&#8221; &#8220;continue,&#8221; &#8220;anticipate,&#8221; &#8220;intend,&#8221;
 &#8220;expect,&#8221; &#8220;could,&#8221; &#8220;would,&#8221; &#8220;project,&#8221; &#8220;plan,&#8221; &#8220;target,&#8221; and
similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Forward-looking statements contained in this
prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein include, but are not limited to,
statements about:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our expectations regarding
                                            future trends, expectations, and performance of our business;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the success and acceptance
                                            of our products and product candidates;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our ability to raise
                                            capital and the availability of future financing;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>unpredictable events,
                                            such as the COVID-19 pandemic, banking failures, and a rise in the inflation rate resulting
                                            in supply chain constraints, increased operating costs, and associated business disruptions
                                            could seriously harm our future revenues and financial condition, delay our operations, increase
                                            our costs and expenses, and impact our ability to raise capital; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our ability to effectively
                                            use the net proceeds from this offering.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We have based these forward-looking statements
on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results
of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives, and financial needs. These forward-looking
statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties, and assumptions and other factors that could cause actual results to differ
materially from those stated, including those described in &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; in our <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001600983/000141057823000578/tmb-20221231x10k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022</A>, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2023, which is incorporated by reference
herein, as such factors may be updated in our filings with the SEC. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment.
New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors
on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those
contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, the future events and
trends discussed in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated herein by reference may not
occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. In
particular, disruptions and delays with certain vendors in our supply chain as well as increased operating costs resulting from a rise
in the inflation rate, may adversely impact component manufacturers&#8217; ability to meet our client demand timely. Additionally, the
prioritization of shipments of certain products, as a result of component availability and client readiness, could cause delays in our
ability to deploy our ASRs (as defined below). Such disruptions could result in a delay in our ability to recognize revenue on sales.
The physical security industry in general and our financial position and operating results, in particular, have been material, are changing
rapidly, and cannot be predicted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">You should not rely upon forward-looking statements
as predictions of future events. The events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results,
performance, or achievements. Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made, and we undertake no obligation to update
any of these forward-looking statements for any reason after such date or to conform these statements to actual results or revised expectations,
except as required by applicable law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<DIV STYLE="padding-right: 0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in; border: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="S-3"></A>PROSPECTUS SUMMARY</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>The following summary highlights information
contained elsewhere in this prospectus supplement and does not contain all of the information that you should consider in making your
investment decision. Before investing in our securities, you should read this entire prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus
carefully, including the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, including the section entitled &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221;
included elsewhere in this prospectus supplement, the sections entitled &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; and &#8220;Management&#8217;s Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations&#8221; and our audited consolidated financial statements and the related
notes thereto, each included in our <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001600983/000141057823000578/tmb-20221231x10k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022</A>, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2023, which is incorporated by reference
herein, and the sections entitled &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; and &#8220;Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations&#8221; and our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, each included
in our Quarterly Reports on Form&nbsp;10-Q for the quarterly periods ended <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000141057823001106/tmb-20230331x10q.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">March
31, 2023</A> and <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000141057823001838/tmb-20230630x10q.htm">June 30, 2023</A>,
filed with the SEC on May 12, 2023 and August 14, 2023, respectively, each of which is incorporated by reference herein. Some of the
statements in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein,
constitute forward-looking statements. See &#8220;Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.&#8221;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Company Overview</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Knightscope is an advanced public safety technology
company that builds fully autonomous security robots and Blue Light emergency communications systems. Our technologies are Made in the
USA and allow public safety professionals to more effectively deter, intervene, capture, and prosecute criminals. Our mission is to make
the United States of America the safest country in the world by helping to protect the people, places, and things where we live, work,
study and visit.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">To support this mission, we design, develop,
manufacture, market, deploy and support Autonomous Security Robots (&#8220;ASRs&#8221;), autonomous charging stations, the proprietary
Knightscope Security Operations Center (&#8220;KSOC&#8221;) software user interface, Blue Light emergency communication devices, and
our newly released Knightscope Emergency Management System (&#8220;KEMS&#8221;) platform.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our core technologies are suitable for most environments
that require security patrol coverage and designed to be force multipliers that offer security teams improved situational awareness.
ASRs conduct real-time on-site data collection and analysis in both indoor and outdoor spaces delivering alerts to security professionals
through the KSOC. The KSOC enables clients with appropriate credentials and user permissions to access the data for investigative and
evidence collection purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our Blue Light emergency communication devices
consist of emergency Blue Light towers, Blue Light emergency phones (&#8220;E-Phone&#8221;), fully integrated, solar-powered cellular
emergency phone towers, and emergency call box systems (&#8220;Call Box&#8221;). Tower devices are tall, highly visible and recognizable
apparatuses that provide emergency communications using cellular and satellite communications with solar power for additional safety
in remote locations. E-Phones and Call Boxes offering a smaller, yet still highly visible, footprint than the stationary security towers,
but with the same reliable communication capabilities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We sell our ASR and stationary multi-purpose
security solutions under an annual subscription, Machine-as-a-Service business model, which includes the ASR rental as well as maintenance,
service, support, data transfer, KSOC access, charging stations, and unlimited software, firmware and select hardware upgrades.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our stationary Blue Light Towers, E-Phones, and
Call Boxes are sold as point-of-sale modular systems, including Knightscope&#8217;s exclusive, self-diagnostic, alarm monitoring system
firmware that provides system owners daily email reports on the operational status of their system, a one-year parts warranty, and optional
installation services. In 2023, the Company announced the release of the KEMS platform. The cloud-based application monitors the system
wide state-of-health, alerts users concerning operational issues, provides technicians real-time error detection/diagnostics, and collects/reports
system performance statics. Modular upgrades are available for the Blue Light Towers, such as public announcement speaker systems. Knightscope
also offers an extended warranty on this series of stationary security towers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our current strategy for all products and services
is to focus solely on United States sales and deployments for the foreseeable future before considering global expansion.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

</DIV>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<DIV STYLE="padding-right: 0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in; border: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and Smaller Reporting
Company</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We qualify as an &#8220;emerging growth company&#8221;
under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended (the &#8220;JOBS Act&#8221;). As a result, we are permitted to, and
intend to, rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements. For so long as we are an emerging growth company, we will not be
required to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>have an auditor report
                                            on our internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section&nbsp;404(b)&nbsp;of
                                            the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2022, as amended;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>comply with any requirement
                                            that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) regarding
                                            mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor&#8217;s report providing additional
                                            information about the audit and the consolidated financial statements (i.e., an auditor discussion
                                            and analysis);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>submit certain executive
                                            compensation matters to stockholder advisory votes, such as &#8220;say-on-pay,&#8221; &#8220;say-on-frequency&#8221;
                                            and pay ratio; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>disclose certain executive
                                            compensation related items such as the correlation between executive compensation and performance
                                            and comparisons of the chief executive officer&#8217;s compensation to median employee compensation.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In addition, Section&nbsp;107 of the JOBS Act
also provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section&nbsp;7(a)(2)(B)&nbsp;of
the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption
of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to take advantage of
the benefits of this extended transition period. Our consolidated financial statements may therefore not be comparable to those of companies
that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We will remain an &#8220;emerging growth company&#8221;
for up to five years, or until the earliest of (i)&nbsp;the last day of the first fiscal year in which our total annual gross revenues
are $1.235 billion or more, (ii)&nbsp;the date that we become a &#8220;large accelerated filer&#8221; as defined in Rule&nbsp;12b-2 under
the Exchange Act, which would occur if the market value of our Class&nbsp;A common stock that are held by non-affiliates exceeds $700
million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter, or (iii)&nbsp;the date on which we have issued
more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt during the preceding three year period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We are also a &#8220;smaller reporting company&#8221;
as defined by Rule&nbsp;12b-2 of the Exchange Act. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company even after we are no longer an emerging
growth company. We may take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosures available to smaller reporting companies and will be able
to take advantage of these scaled disclosures for so long as the market value of our voting and non-voting Class&nbsp;A common stock
held by non-affiliates is less than $250.0 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter, or our annual revenue
is less than $100.0 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and the market value of our voting and non-voting Class&nbsp;A
common stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700.0 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Recent Developments</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">On August 14, 2023, we filed a Regulation A Offering
Statement on Form 1-A (the &ldquo;Offering Statement&rdquo;), pursuant to which we propose to offer up to $10.0 million in Public Safety
Infrastrcture Bonds (the &ldquo;Bonds&rdquo;) to investors under Regulation A of the Seccurities Act, at a price of $1,000 per Bond (the
 &ldquo;Regulation A Offering&rdquo;). It is expected that the Bonds will be unsecured, maturing five years from issuance, and bearing
interest at 10% per annum. The terms of the Bonds are not final and are subject to change prior to qualification of the Offering Statemnt
by the SEC. There can be no assurance that the Regulation A Offering will be completed. Settlement of this offering is not conditioned
upon closing or settlement of the Regulation A Offering or vice versa.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Corporate Information</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We were incorporated in Delaware in April&nbsp;2013.
Our principal executive offices are located at 1070 Terra Bella Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043, and our telephone number is
(650) 924-1025. We maintain an internet website at www.knightscope.com. The information provided on our website does not constitute part
of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, and is not incorporated by reference as part of this prospectus supplement
or the accompanying prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

</DIV>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<DIV STYLE="padding-right: 0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in; border: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>The Offering</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 14%">Issuer</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 85%">Knightscope,&nbsp;Inc.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Class&nbsp;A common stock offered by us</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $25,000,000 (not to exceed the number of shares
    of Class A common stock authorized, unissued and available for issuance).</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Class&nbsp;A common stock to be outstanding after this offering:</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Up to 86,680,949 shares, assuming sales of 19,379,845 shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock in this offering at an assumed
    public offering price of $1.29 per share, which was the last reported sale price of our Class&nbsp;A common stock on The Nasdaq Global
    Market on August 17, 2023. The actual number of shares issued will vary depending on the sales price under this offering and in no
    event will the actual number of shares of Class A common stock issued and sold pursuant to the Sales Agreement exceed the number
    of shares we have available and authorized for issuance under our certificate of incorporation, as the same may be amended and restated
    from time to time.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Plan of distribution</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>At-the-market offering that may be made from time to time through our sales agent, Wainwright. If we and Wainwright agree on
    any method of distribution other than sales of shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock into The Nasdaq Global Market or another existing
    trading market in the United States at market prices, we will file a further prospectus supplement providing all information about
    such offering as required by Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;under the Securities Act. We may also sell shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock
    to Wainwright as principal for its own account, at a price per share agreed upon at the time of sale. If we sell shares to Wainwright
    as principal, we will enter into a separate terms agreement setting forth the terms of such transaction, and we will describe the
    agreement in a separate prospectus or pricing supplement. See &#8220;Plan of Distribution.&#8221;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Use of proceeds</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for general corporate purposes, including working capital, acquisitions
    and capital expenditures.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Nasdaq Global Market symbol</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>KSCP</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Transfer agent</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Computershare Trust Company, N.A.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Risk factors</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>This investment involves a high degree of risk. See &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; for a discussion of factors you should carefully
    consider before deciding to invest in our securities.</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The number of shares of
Class&nbsp;A common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering as set forth above is based on 67,301,104 shares outstanding
as of August 4, 2023, and excludes:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">an
                                            aggregate of 10,535,954 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock and Class&nbsp;B common stock
                                            issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options issued under our equity incentive plans
                                            at a weighted average exercise price of $2.64 per share;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">up
                                            to 4,550,665 additional shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock that are available for issuance
                                            under our 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the &ldquo;2022 Plan&rdquo;);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">an
                                            aggregate of 5,513,046 warrants to purchase Class A common stock, Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred
                                            stock and Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, which are convertible into an aggregate of 7,470,962
                                            shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock, in each case based on current applicable conversion
                                            rates;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">an
                                            aggregate of 6,992,897 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock issuable upon conversion of (i)
                                            1,799,057 shares of our Series&nbsp;m preferred stock and (ii) 2,666,755 shares of our Series&nbsp;S
                                            preferred stock, in each case based on current applicable conversion rates;&#9;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">10,357,822
                                            shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock convertible into 10,357,822 shares of Class&nbsp;A common
                                            stock; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">an
                                            aggregate of 5,077,240 shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock issuable upon conversion of (i)
                                            1,418,381 shares of our Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, (ii) 3,498,859 shares of our Series&nbsp;B
                                            preferred stock and (iii) 160,000 shares of our Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock (or an aggregate
                                            of 6,516,328 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon further conversion, in each case
                                            based on current applicable conversion rates).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Unless otherwise indicated,
this prospectus supplement does not give effect to any additional anti-dilution adjustments applicable to our outstanding securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

</DIV>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="S-4"></A>RISK FACTORS</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>An investment in our securities involves a
high degree of risk. Prior to making a decision about investing in our securities, you should carefully consider the following risks
and uncertainties, as well as those discussed under the caption &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; in the documents incorporated by reference
herein. If any of the risks described in this prospectus supplement or the documents incorporated by reference herein actually occur,
our business, prospects, financial condition or operating results could be harmed. In that case, the trading price of our securities
could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that
we currently believe are immaterial may also impair our business operations and our liquidity. You should also refer to the other information
contained in this prospectus supplement or incorporated by reference herein, including our consolidated financial statements and the
related notes thereto and the information set forth under the heading &#8220;Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.&#8221;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Risks Related to this Offering and Our Class&nbsp;A
Common Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>We may not have sufficient
authorized shares of Class A common stock to issue all of the shares of Class A common stock under this offering.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Our authorized capital stock
consists of 187,405,324 shares, consisting of: (i)&nbsp;114,000,000 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock, $0.001 par value per share;
(ii)&nbsp;30,000,000 shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock, $0.001 par value per share; and (iii)&nbsp;43,405,324 shares of preferred stock,
$0.001 par value per share, consisting of (A)&nbsp;8,936,015 shares designated as Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, (B)&nbsp;4,707,501 shares
designated as Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, (C)&nbsp;6,666,666 shares designated as Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, (D)&nbsp;333,334
shares designated as Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, (E)&nbsp;1,660,756 shares designated as Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, (F)&nbsp;3,490,658
shares designated as Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock, (G)&nbsp;4,502,061 shares designated as Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, and (H)&nbsp;13,108,333
shares designated as Series&nbsp;S preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">As of August 4, 2023, there
were outstanding: (i)&nbsp;67,301,104 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock; (ii)&nbsp;10,357,822 shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock (convertible
into 10,357,822 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock); and (iii)&nbsp;9,543,052 shares of preferred stock, consisting of (A)&nbsp;1,418,381
shares of Series&nbsp;A preferred stock (convertible into 1,625,060 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock), (B)&nbsp;3,498,859 shares of
Series&nbsp;B preferred stock (convertible into 4,664,368 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock), (C)&nbsp;1,799,057 shares of Series&nbsp;m
preferred stock (convertible into 2,551,291 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock), (D)&nbsp;no shares of Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock,
(E)&nbsp;160,000 shares of Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock (convertible into 226,900 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock), (F)&nbsp;no
shares of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock, (G)&nbsp;no shares of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, and (H)&nbsp;2,666,755 shares of Series&nbsp;S
preferred stock (convertible into 4,441,605 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each share of Super Voting Preferred Stock (as
defined below) is convertible at the option of the holder at any time into shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock at the then-applicable
conversion rate. Each share of Ordinary Preferred Stock (as defined below) is convertible at the option of the holder at any time into
shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock at the then-applicable conversion rate. In addition, the applicable conversion rates for certain
of our preferred stock and/or warrants may be adjusted based on sales of Class A common stock in this offering based on applicable anti-dilution
provisions, which may lead to the issuance of additional shares of Class A common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">As of August 4, 2023, we
also had:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">an
                                            aggregate of 10,535,954 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock and Class&nbsp;B common stock
                                            were issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options issued under our equity incentive
                                            plans at a weighted average exercise price of $2.64 per share;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">up
                                            to 4,550,665 additional shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock that are available for issuance
                                            under the 2022 Plan; and&#9;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">an
                                            aggregate of 5,513,046 warrants to purchase Class A common stock, Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred
                                            stock and Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, which are convertible into an aggregate of 7,470,962
                                            shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock, in each case based on current applicable conversion
                                            rates.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">As of August 4, 2023, we
had approximately 46.7 million shares of authorized shares of Class A common stock available for future issuance. However, after giving
effect to the number of shares of Class A common stock that we are required to reserve for future issuance pursuant to the terms of the
outstanding securities described above, as of August 4, 2023, we had approximately 4.2 millon shares of authorized shares of Class A
common stock available for future issuance. In order to address any potential shortfall of shares of Class A common stock available for
future issuance, William Santana Li, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, agreed not to convert any of his 7.0 million shares of
Class B common stock until at least the date of our next annual meeting of stockholders, and therefore, an additional 7.0 million shares
of Class A common stock have been unreserved and are available for future issuance in this offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Depending on the sales prices
of our Class A common stock in this offering from time to time, and subject to the number of available and authorized for issuance under
our certificate of incorporation, our ability to issue shares of Class A common stock under this offering may be limited. In no event
will the actual number of shares of Class A common stock issued and sold pursuant to the Sales Agreement exceed the number of shares
we have available and authorized for issuance under our certificate of incorporation, as the same may be amended and restated from time
to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">We are considering a plan
to solicit the approval of our stockholders to amend our certificate of incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of
Class A common stock, but there is no assurance that we will seek such approval and we cannot be certain that our stockholders would
approve such amendment to increase the number of authorized shares of Class A common stock. A delay in securing or a failure to secure
stockholder approval to amend our certificate of incorporation to increase our authorized shares of Class A common stock could cause
a delay in our future capital raising, including pursuant to the Sales Agreement, and may have a material adverse effect on our business
and financial condition.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Management will have
broad discretion as to the use of the net proceeds from this offering, and we may not use the proceeds effectively.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our management will have broad discretion in
the application of the net proceeds from this offering and could spend the proceeds in ways that do not improve our results of operations
or enhance the value of our Class&nbsp;A common stock. For example, management could invest the proceeds in assets or capital projects
that do not produce attractive returns or to make acquisitions of businesses that do not prove to be attractive or otherwise are unsuccessful.
Conversely, management may not be able to identify and complete prospects, investments or acquisitions. Our failure to apply these funds
effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and cause the price of
our Class&nbsp;A common stock to decline.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>The Class&nbsp;A common stock offered hereby
will be sold in &#8220;at-the-market&#8221; offerings, and investors who buy shares at different times will likely pay different prices.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Investors who purchase shares under this offering
at different times will likely pay different prices, and so may experience different outcomes in their investment results. We will have
discretion, subject to market demand, to vary the timing, prices, and numbers of shares sold, and there is no minimum or maximum sales
price. Investors may experience declines in the value of their shares as a result of share sales made at prices lower than the prices
they paid.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>The actual number of shares of Class&nbsp;A
common stock we will issue under the Sales Agreement and the gross proceeds resulting from those sales, at any one time or in total,
is uncertain.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Subject to certain limitations in the Sales Agreement
and compliance with applicable law, we have the discretion to deliver a sales notice to the sales agent at any time throughout the term
of the Sales Agreement. The number of shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock that are sold by the sales agent after delivering a sales notice
will fluctuate based on the market price of the Class&nbsp;A common stock during the sales period and limits we set with the sales agent.
Because the price per share of each share sold will fluctuate based on the market price of our Class&nbsp;A common stock during the sales
period, it is not possible at this stage to predict the number of shares that will be ultimately issued by us under the Sales Agreement
or the gross proceeds to be raised in connection with those sales.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>The market price of our Class&nbsp;A common
stock may be adversely affected by the future issuance and sale of additional shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock, including pursuant
to the Sales Agreement, or by our announcement that such issuances and sales may occur.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our capital stock currently outstanding consists
of our Class&nbsp;A common stock, Class&nbsp;B common stock, Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m
preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock and Series&nbsp;S preferred stock. Each share of Super Voting Preferred Stock is convertible
at the option of the holder at any time into shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock at the then-applicable conversion rate. Each share of
Ordinary Preferred Stock is convertible at the option of the holder at any time into shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock at the then-applicable
conversion rate. In addition, the applicable conversion rates for certain of our preferred stock and/or warrants may be adjusted based
on sales of Class A common stock in this offering based on applicable anti-dilution provisions, which may lead to the issuance of additional
shares of Class A common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Holders of Class&nbsp;A common stock, Class&nbsp;B
common stock, the Super Voting Preferred Stock and the Ordinary Preferred Stock vote together as a single class. Each holder of preferred
stock is entitled to the number of votes equal to the number of votes for each such share of common stock into which such preferred stock
could then be converted. Fractional votes upon conversion will be disregarded. Each share of Class&nbsp;A common stock was entitled to
one (1)&nbsp;vote per share and each share of Class&nbsp;B common stock was entitled to ten (10)&nbsp;votes per share.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">All of our issued and outstanding shares of Class
A common stock may be sold in the market, including any shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock issued pursuant to the Sales Agreement, and
will be freely tradeable, except for any shares held by our &#8220;affiliates,&#8221; as that term is defined in Rule&nbsp;144 under
the Securities Act. We cannot predict the size of future issuances or sales of shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock, including those
made pursuant to the Sales Agreement with the sales agent or in connection with future acquisitions or capital raising activities, or
the effect, if any, that such issuances or sales may have on the market price of our Class&nbsp;A common stock. The issuance and sale
of substantial amounts of shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock, including issuances and sales pursuant to the Sales Agreement, or
announcement that such issuances and sales may occur, could adversely affect the market price of our Class&nbsp;A common stock. If there
are more shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock offered for sale than buyers are willing to purchase, then the market price of our Class&nbsp;A
common stock may decline to a market price at which buyers are willing to purchase the offered shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock and
sellers remain willing to sell the shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In addition, sales of stock by any of our executive
officers or directors could have a material adverse effect on the trading price of our Class&nbsp;A common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Future issuances of our Class&nbsp;A common
stock or instruments convertible or exercisable into our Class&nbsp;A common stock may materially and adversely affect the price of our
Class&nbsp;A common stock and cause dilution to our existing stockholders.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Historically, we have raised capital by issuing
common stock, preferred stock and warrants in various offerings because no other reasonable sources of capital were available. These
offerings of common stock, preferred stock and warrants have materially and adversely affected the prevailing market prices of our Class&nbsp;A
common stock and caused significant dilution to our stockholders. We have also previously raised capital through the issuance of convertible
notes, none of which are currently outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We may need to raise capital through offerings
of common stock, preferred stock, warrants and convertible debt in the future. We may obtain additional funds through public or private
debt or equity financings, subject to certain limitations. If we issue additional shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock or instruments
convertible or exercisable into Class&nbsp;A common stock, it may materially and adversely affect the price of our Class&nbsp;A common
stock. In addition, the exercise and/or conversion price, as applicable, of some or all of our warrants and/or convertible notes, as
applicable, may dilute the ownership interests of our stockholders, and any sales in the public market of any of our Class&nbsp;A common
stock issuable upon such conversion or exercise could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our Class&nbsp;A common stock. In
addition, the applicable conversion rates for certain of our preferred stock and warrants may be adjusted based on sales of Class A common
stock in this offering based on applicable anti-dilution provisions, which may lead to the issuance of additional shares of Class A common
stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>If you purchase shares of our Class&nbsp;A
common stock sold in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">If you purchase shares of our Class&nbsp;A common
stock in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution in the amount of $0.93 per share because the assumed public
offering price of $1.29 per share, which was the last reported sale price of our Class&nbsp;A common stock on The Nasdaq Global Market
on August 17, 2023, is substantially higher than the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our outstanding Class&nbsp;A common
stock as of June 30, 2023. This dilution is due in large part to the fact that our earlier investors paid substantially less than the
assumed public offering price when they purchased their shares. See &ldquo;<I>&mdash;Future issuances of our Class&nbsp;A common stock
or instruments convertible or exercisable into our Class&nbsp;A common stock may materially and </I>adversely affect the price of our
Class&nbsp;A common stock and cause dilution to our existing stockholders&rdquo; and &ldquo;Dilution.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Our stock price may be volatile and your
investment in our securities could suffer a decline in value.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The market price of shares of our Class&nbsp;A
common stock has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations. We cannot predict whether the price of our Class&nbsp;A common
stock will rise or fall. The market price of our Class&nbsp;A common stock may be highly volatile and could fluctuate widely in price
in response to various factors, many of which are beyond our control, including the following:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>changes to the physical
                                            security and technology industries;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>we may not be able
                                            to compete successfully against current and future competitors;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>competitive pricing
                                            pressures;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>additions or departures
                                            of key personnel;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>additional sales of
                                            our Class&nbsp;A common stock and other securities;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our ability to execute
                                            our business plan;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>operating results
                                            that fall below expectations;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>loss of any strategic
                                            relationship;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>continued access to
                                            working capital funds;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>economic and other
                                            external factors; and;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the threat of terrorism,
                                            geopolitical tensions, and general disruptions in the global economy, including the impacts
                                            of military action, financial and economic sanctions, and increasing geopolitical tensions
                                            related to the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In addition, the securities markets have from
time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies.
These market fluctuations may also materially and adversely affect the market price of our Class&nbsp;A common stock. As a result, you
may be unable to resell your shares at a desired price.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Raising additional capital may cause dilution
to our existing stockholders, restrict our operations or require us to relinquish rights to our technologies.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We may seek additional capital through a combination
of public and private equity offerings, debt financings, strategic partnerships and licensing arrangements. To the extent that we raise
additional capital through the sale or issuance of equity, warrants or convertible debt securities, the ownership interest of our existing
stockholders will be diluted, and the terms of such securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect your
rights as a stockholder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In addition, if we raise additional capital through
debt financing, it may involve agreements that include covenants further limiting or restricting our ability to take certain actions,
such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends. If we raise additional funds through strategic
partnerships or licensing agreements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies or grant licenses
on terms that are not favorable to us. If we are unable to raise additional funds when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce
or terminate our development and commercialization efforts.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="S-5"></A>USE OF PROCEEDS</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We may issue and sell shares of our Class&nbsp;A
common stock having aggregate sales proceeds of up to $25,000,000 from time to time. Because there is no minimum offering amount required
as a condition of this offering, the actual total public offering amount, commissions and proceeds to us, if any, are not determinable
at this time. There can be no assurance that we will be able to sell any shares under or fully utilize the Sales Agreement with the sales
agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering
for general corporate purposes, including working capital, acquisitions and capital expenditures.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">As of the date of this prospectus, we cannot
specify with certainty all of the particular uses of the proceeds from this offering. Accordingly, we will retain broad discretion over
the use of such proceeds.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="S-6"></A>DILUTION</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">If you invest in the shares of our Class&nbsp;A
common stock in this offering, your ownership interest will be immediately diluted. As of June 30, 2023, we had a net tangible book value
of approximately $5.5 million, or $0.09 per share of our Class&nbsp;A common stock, based upon 63,519,101 shares of our Class&nbsp;A
common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2023. Historical net tangible book value per share is equal to our total tangible assets, less
total liabilities, divided by the number of outstanding shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock. Dilution in net tangible book value
per share represents the difference between the amount per share paid by purchasers of shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock in this offering
and the net tangible book value per share of our Class&nbsp;A common stock immediately after this offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">After giving effect to the assumed sale by us
of 19,379,845 shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock in the aggregate amount of $25 million in this offering at an assumed public offering
price of $1.29 per share, which was the last reported sale price of our Class&nbsp;A common stock on The Nasdaq Global Market on August
17, 2023, and after deducting commissions and estimated aggregate offering expenses payable by us, our as adjusted net tangible book
value as of June 30, 2023 would have been approximately $29.5 million, or $0.36 per share of our Class&nbsp;A common stock outstanding.
This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $0.27 per share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution
of $0.93 per share to investors purchasing shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock in this offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The following table illustrates this per share
dilution to new investors:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="width: 74%">Assumed public offering price per share</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; width: 10%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; width: 10%">1.29</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <TD>Historical net tangible book value per share as of June&nbsp;30, 2023</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.09</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to new investors</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right">0.27</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">As adjusted net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right">0.36</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Dilution per share to investors in this offering</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right">0.93</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">For illustrative purposes, the table above assumes
that an aggregate of 19,379,845 shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock are sold at an assumed price of $1.29 per share, the last reported
sale price of our Class&nbsp;A common stock on The Nasdaq Global Market on August 17, 2023, for aggregate gross proceeds of $25.0 million.
The shares sold in this offering, if any, will be sold from time to time at various prices. An increase of $0.50 per share in the price
at which the shares are sold from the assumed offering price of $1.29 per share shown in the table above, assuming that all of our Class&nbsp;A
common stock in the aggregate amount of $25.0 million during the term of the Sales Agreement with Wainwright is sold at that price, would
result in an increase in the dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering to $1.43 per share, after
deducting commissions and estimated aggregate offering expenses payable by us. A decrease of $0.50 per share in the price at which the
shares are sold from the assumed offering price of $1.29 per share shown in the table above, assuming that all of our Class&nbsp;A common
stock in the aggregate amount of $25.0 million during the term of the Sales Agreement with Wainwright is sold at that price, would result
in a decrease in the dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering to $0.43 per share, after deducting
commissions and estimated aggregate offering expenses payable by us. This information is supplied for illustrative purposes only and
may differ based on the actual offering price and the actual number of shares offered, subject to our ability to issue additional shares
under our certificate of incorporation or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The number of shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock
to be outstanding immediately after this offering as set forth above is based on 63,519,101 shares outstanding as of June 30, 2023, and
excludes:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">an aggregate of 9,405,655 shares
    of Class&nbsp;A common stock and Class&nbsp;B common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options issued under our equity
    incentive plans at a weighted average exercise price of $2.78 per share;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">up to 5,680,964 additional
    shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock that are available for issuance under the 2022 Plan;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">an aggregate of 5,513,046 warrants to purchase Class A common stock, Series&nbsp;m-3
    preferred stock and Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, which are convertible into an aggregate of 7,470,962 shares of Class&nbsp;A common
    stock, in each case based on current applicable conversion rates;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">an aggregate of 7,011,933 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock issuable
    upon conversion of (i) 1,800,959 shares of our Series&nbsp;m preferred stock and (ii) 2,676,565 shares of our Series&nbsp;S preferred
    stock, in each case based on current applicable conversion rates;&#9;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">10,357,822 shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock convertible into 10,357,822
    shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">an aggregate of 5,077,240 shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock issuable
    upon conversion of (i) 1,418,381 shares of our Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, (ii) 3,498,859 shares of our Series&nbsp;B preferred
    stock and (iii) 160,000 shares of our Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock (or an aggregate of 6,516,328 shares of Class A common stock
    upon further conversion, in each case based on current applicable conversion rates).</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.25in">Unless otherwise indicated,
this prospectus supplement does not give effect to any additional anti-dilution adjustments applicable to our outstanding securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">To the extent that any of these outstanding options
or warrants are exercised, or we issue additional shares under equity incentive plans or employee stock purchase plans, there may be
further dilution to new investors. In addition, we may choose to raise additional capital due to market conditions or strategic considerations
even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. To the extent that additional capital is raised
through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the issuance of these securities could result in further dilution to our stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="S-7"></A>DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL
STOCK</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>The following description of capital stock
summarizes certain provisions of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the &#8220;certificate of incorporation&#8221;)
and our Bylaws (the &#8220;bylaws&#8221;). The description is intended as a summary, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to
our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws, copies of which have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement, of which
this prospectus forms a part.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Authorized Capital Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our authorized capital stock consists of 187,405,324
shares, consisting of: (i)&nbsp;114,000,000 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock, $0.001 par value per share; (ii)&nbsp;30,000,000 shares
of Class&nbsp;B common stock, $0.001 par value per share; and (iii)&nbsp;43,405,324 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share,
consisting of (A)&nbsp;8,936,015 shares designated as Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, (B)&nbsp;4,707,501 shares designated as Series&nbsp;B
preferred stock, (C)&nbsp;6,666,666 shares designated as Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, (D)&nbsp;333,334 shares designated as Series&nbsp;m-1
preferred stock, (E)&nbsp;1,660,756 shares designated as Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, (F)&nbsp;3,490,658 shares designated as Series&nbsp;m-3
preferred stock, (G)&nbsp;4,502,061 shares designated as Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, and (H)&nbsp;13,108,333 shares designated as
Series&nbsp;S preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">As of August 4, 2023, there were outstanding:
(i)&nbsp;67,301,104 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock; (ii)&nbsp;10,357,822 shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock; and (iii)&nbsp;9,543,052
shares of preferred stock, consisting of (A)&nbsp;1,418,381 shares of Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, (B)&nbsp;3,498,859 shares of Series&nbsp;B
preferred stock, (C)&nbsp;1,799,057 shares of Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, (D)&nbsp;no shares of Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, (E)&nbsp;160,000
shares of Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, (F)&nbsp;no shares of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock, (G)&nbsp;no shares of Series&nbsp;m-4
preferred stock, and (H)&nbsp;2,666,755 shares of Series&nbsp;S preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Common Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We have two authorized classes of common stock,
Class&nbsp;A common stock and Class&nbsp;B common stock. Outstanding shares of preferred stock are convertible into shares of either
Class&nbsp;A common stock or Class&nbsp;B common stock, with (A)&nbsp;the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;B preferred
stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock (collectively, the &#8220;Super Voting Preferred Stock&#8221;) convertible into shares
of Class&nbsp;B common stock, and (B)&nbsp;the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-3
preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock (collectively, the &#8220;Ordinary Preferred
Stock&#8221;) convertible into shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock. The Class&nbsp;B common stock is convertible into shares of Class&nbsp;A
common stock as described below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Voting Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each holder of Class&nbsp;B common stock shall
be entitled to ten (10)&nbsp;votes for each share of Class&nbsp;B common stock held by such holder as of the applicable record date.
Each holder of Class&nbsp;A common stock shall be entitled to one (1)&nbsp;vote for each share of Class&nbsp;A common stock held by such
holder as of the applicable record date. Except as otherwise expressly provided in the certificate of incorporation or by applicable
law, the holders of Class&nbsp;A common stock and the holders of Class&nbsp;B common stock shall at all times vote together as one class
on all matters (including the election of directors) submitted to a vote or for the written consent of the stockholders of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each holder of preferred stock shall be entitled
to the number of votes equal to the number of votes to which each share of common stock is entitled for each such share of common stock
into which such preferred stock could then be converted. The holders of shares of the preferred stock shall be entitled to vote on all
matters on which the common stock shall be entitled to vote. Holders of preferred stock shall be entitled to notice of any stockholders&#8217;
meeting in accordance with the bylaws. Fractional votes shall not, however, be permitted and any fractional voting rights resulting from
the above formula (after aggregating all shares into which shares of preferred stock held by each holder could be converted), shall be
disregarded.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Except as otherwise expressly provided in the
certificate of incorporation or as required by law, the holders of preferred stock, the holders of Class&nbsp;A common stock and the
holders of Class&nbsp;B common stock shall vote together and not as separate classes, and there shall be no series voting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Dividend Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Holders of the Company&#8217;s common stock are
entitled to receive dividends, as may be declared from time to time by the board of directors out of legally available funds and only
following payment to holders of the Company&#8217;s preferred stock, as detailed in the certificate of incorporation. Following payment
of dividends to the holders of preferred stock in accordance with the preferential order set out in the certificate of incorporation,
including the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, any additional dividends set aside or paid in a given year, shall be set aside and paid
among the holders of the preferred stock and common stock on an as-converted basis. The rights to dividends are not cumulative.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Liquidation Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In the event of a voluntary or involuntary liquidation,
dissolution, or winding up of the Company, the holders of common stock are entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available
for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all debts and other liabilities of the Company and only after the satisfaction
of any liquidation preferences granted to the holders of all shares of the outstanding preferred stock in accordance with the liquidation
stack provided for in the certificate of incorporation of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Rights and Preferences</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Holders of the Company&#8217;s common stock have
no preemptive, conversion, or other rights, and there are no redemptive or sinking fund provisions applicable to the Company&#8217;s
common stock, except that holders of the Class&nbsp;B common stock may convert their shares into shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Conversion Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each share of Class&nbsp;B common stock shall
automatically convert into one share of Class&nbsp;A common stock upon any transfer of such shares other than for tax planning purposes
and certain other limited exceptions, as outlined in the certificate of incorporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each share of Class&nbsp;B common stock shall
be convertible into one share of Class&nbsp;A common stock at the option of the holder thereof at any time upon written notice to the
Company&#8217;s transfer agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Ordinary Preferred Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company has authorized the issuance of the
Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred
stock and the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, which contain substantially similar rights, preferences, and privileges, as other series
of preferred stock, except as described below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Conversion Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Shares of Ordinary Preferred Stock are convertible,
at the option of the holder, at any time, into fully-paid nonassessable shares of the Company&#8217;s Class&nbsp;A common stock at the
then-applicable conversion rate. The conversion rate is subject to anti-dilution protective provisions that will be applied to adjust
the number of shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock issuable upon conversion of the shares of the respective series of preferred stock,
except Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock and Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, in case shares of common stock, on an as converted basis,
are issued for a price per share below the price per share of the relevant series of preferred stock, subject to customary exceptions,
in accordance with the certificate of incorporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The initial conversion rate for the conversion
of the Series&nbsp;m, m-1, and m-2 preferred stock, Series A, Series B, and Series&nbsp;S preferred stock was 1:1, which conversion rate(s)
will continue to be adjusted pursuant to the broad-based weighted average anti-dilution adjustment provisions provided for in the certificate
of incorporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Additionally, each share of preferred stock will
automatically convert into Class&nbsp;A common stock or Class&nbsp;B common stock, as applicable, (i)&nbsp;immediately prior to the closing
of a firm commitment underwritten public offering, registered under the Securities Act, (ii)&nbsp;with respect to preferred stock other
than the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, upon the receipt by the Company of a written request for such conversion from the holders of
a majority of the preferred stock other than the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock then outstanding, or (iii)&nbsp;with respect to the
Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, upon the receipt by the Company of a written request for such conversion from the holders of a majority
of the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock then outstanding. The stock will convert in the same manner as a voluntary conversion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Voting Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each holder of Ordinary Preferred Stock is entitled
to that number of votes equal to one vote per share of Class&nbsp;A common stock into which such shares are convertible, as adjusted
as discussed above for the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock and Series&nbsp;S preferred stock. Fractional votes are not permitted and if
the conversion results in a fractional share, it will be disregarded. Holders of Ordinary Preferred Stock are entitled to vote on all
matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, including the election of directors, as a single class with the holders of common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Dividend Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Holders of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock are
entitled to receive cumulative dividends payable semi-annually in arrears with respect to each dividend period ending on and including
the last calendar day of each six-month period ending March&nbsp;31 and September&nbsp;30, respectively (each such period, a &#8220;Dividend
Period&#8221; and each such date, a &#8220;Dividend Payment Date&#8221;), at the rate per share of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock equal
to the Dividend Rate for the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, in each case subject to compliance with applicable law. Dividends to holders
of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock are paid in kind as a dividend of additional shares of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock (&#8220;PIK
Dividends&#8221;) for each Dividend Period on the applicable Dividend Payment Date using a price per share equal to the original issue
price, provided that the Company shall not issue any fractional shares of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Except as described above, the Company has no
obligation to pay any dividends to the holders of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, except when, as and if declared by the board of directors
out of any assets at the time legally available therefor or as otherwise specifically provided in the certificate of incorporation. No
distribution will be made with respect to the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred
stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred
stock or the common stock until all declared or accrued but unpaid dividends on the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock have been paid or
set aside for payment to the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Right to Receive Liquidation Distributions</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In the event of any Liquidation Event, as defined
in the certificate of incorporation (which includes the liquidation, dissolution, merger, acquisition or winding up of the Company),
the holders of the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the
assets of the Company to the holders of the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, Series&nbsp;B preferred stock,
Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock or common
stock by reason of their ownership of such stock, an amount per share for each share of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock held by them
equal to the greater of (A): the sum of (i)&nbsp;the Liquidation Preference specified for such share of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock,
and (ii)&nbsp;all accrued but unpaid PIK Dividends (if any) on such share of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, whether or not declared,
or (B)&nbsp;the consideration that such Holder would receive in the Liquidation Event if all shares of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock
were converted to Class&nbsp;A common stock immediately prior to such Liquidation Event, or (C)&nbsp;such lesser amount as may be approved
by the holders of the majority of the outstanding shares of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, where for purposes of (B)&nbsp;such Holder
is deemed to hold, in addition to each of its shares of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, any additional shares of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred
stock that constitute all accrued but unpaid PIK Dividends, whether or not declared. If upon the Liquidation Event, the assets of the
Company legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock are insufficient to permit the payment
to such holders of the full amounts specified in the certificate of incorporation, then the entire assets of the Company legally available
for distribution shall be distributed with equal priority and pro rata among the holders of the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock in proportion
to the full amounts they would otherwise be entitled to receive. The Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock has a $7 per share liquidation preference,
which is 2x its original issue price.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The holders of the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock
are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of the Series&nbsp;A
preferred stock, Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred
stock, Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock or common stock by reason of their ownership of such stock, an amount per share for each share
of Series&nbsp;S preferred stock held by them equal to the greater of (A): the sum of (i)&nbsp;the Liquidation Preference specified for
such share of Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, and (ii)&nbsp;all declared but unpaid dividends (if any) on such share of Series&nbsp;S
preferred stock, or (B)&nbsp;the amount such Holder would receive if all shares of Series&nbsp;S preferred stock were converted to common
stock immediately prior to such Liquidation Event, or (C)&nbsp;such lesser amount as may be approved by the holders of the majority of
the outstanding shares of Series&nbsp;S preferred stock. If upon the Liquidation Event, the assets of the Company legally available for
distribution to the holders of the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock are insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full amounts
specified in the certificate of incorporation, then the entire assets of the Company legally available for distribution shall be distributed
with equal priority and pro rata among the holders of the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock in proportion to the full amounts they would
otherwise be entitled to receive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The holders of the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock,
the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock shall be entitled to receive,
prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock,
Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock or common stock by reason of their ownership of such stock, an amount per share for each share of Series&nbsp;B
preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock held
by them equal to the greater of (A): the sum of (i)&nbsp;the Liquidation Preference specified for such share of Series&nbsp;B preferred
stock, Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, as applicable, and (ii)&nbsp;all
declared but unpaid dividends (if any) on such share of Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1
preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, as applicable, or (B)&nbsp;the amount such Holder would receive if all shares of
the applicable series of preferred stock were converted to common stock immediately prior to such Liquidation Event, or (C)&nbsp;such
lesser amount as may be approved by the holders of the majority of the outstanding shares of Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m
preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, voting together as a single class. If upon the
Liquidation Event, the assets of the Company legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock,
the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock are insufficient to permit
the payment to such holders of the full amounts specified in the certificate of incorporation, then the entire assets of the Company
legally available for distribution shall be distributed with equal priority and pro rata among the holders of the Series&nbsp;B preferred
stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock in proportion to
the full amounts they would otherwise be entitled to receive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The holders of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock
are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of common stock
by reason of their ownership of such stock, an amount per share for each share of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock held by them equal
to the greater of (A): the sum of (i)&nbsp;the Liquidation Preference specified for such share of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock and
(ii)&nbsp;all declared but unpaid dividends (if any) on such share of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock, or (B)&nbsp;the amount such Holder
would receive if all shares of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock were converted to common stock immediately prior to such Liquidation Event,
or (C)&nbsp;such lesser amount as may be approved by the holders of the majority of the outstanding shares of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred
stock. If upon a Liquidation Event, the assets of the Company legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series&nbsp;m-3
preferred stock are insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full amounts specified in the certificate of incorporation,
then the entire assets of the Corporation legally available for distribution shall be distributed with equal priority and pro rata among
the holders of the Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock in proportion to the full amounts they would otherwise be entitled to receive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">After payment of all liquidation preferences
to the holders of the preferred stock, as outlined below, all remaining assets of the Company legally available for distribution shall
be distributed pro rata to the holders of the common stock, without any participation in such liquidation by the preferred stock. The
certificate of incorporation explicitly requires that before any shares of preferred stock are converted into common stock, the relevant
holder&#8217;s right to liquidation preference be surrendered, in order to prevent treatment of shares as both preferred stock and common
stock for the purpose of distributions of assets upon a Liquidation Event.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Super Voting Preferred Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company has authorized the issuance of three
other series of preferred stock. The series are designated Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, Series&nbsp;B preferred stock and Series&nbsp;m-2
preferred stock. Each series of Super Voting Preferred Stock contains substantially similar rights, preferences, and privileges, except
as described below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Dividend Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In any calendar year, the holders of outstanding
shares of preferred stock are entitled to receive dividends, when, as and if declared by the board of directors, out of any assets at
the time legally available therefor, at the dividend rate specified for such shares of preferred stock payable in preference and priority
to any declaration or payment of any distribution on common stock of the Company in such calendar year. Except dividends to Series&nbsp;m-4
preferred stock specified above, the right to receive dividends on shares of preferred stock is not cumulative, and no right to dividends
shall accrue to holders of preferred stock by reason of the fact that dividends on said shares are not declared or paid.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">No distributions shall be made with respect to
the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred
stock, the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, Series&nbsp;A preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock unless dividends on the
Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock have been declared in accordance with the preferences stated in the certificate of incorporation and
all declared or accrued dividends on the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock have been paid or set aside for payment to the Series&nbsp;m-4
preferred stock holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">No distributions shall be made with respect to
the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred
stock, Series&nbsp;A preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock unless dividends on the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock have been
declared in accordance with the preferences stated in the certificate of incorporation and all declared dividends on the Series&nbsp;S
preferred stock have been paid or set aside for payment to the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">No distributions shall be made with respect to
the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock unless dividends on the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m
preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock have been declared in accordance with the
preferences stated in the certificate of incorporation and all declared dividends on the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m
preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock have been paid or set aside for payment
to the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock holders, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock holders, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock holders
and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock holders, as applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">No Distributions shall be made with respect to
the Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock unless dividends on the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock have been declared in accordance with the preferences
stated in the certificate of incorporation and all declared dividends on the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock have been paid or set aside
for payment to the Series&nbsp;A preferred stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">No Distributions shall be made with respect to
the common stock unless dividends on the Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock have been declared in accordance with the preferences stated
in the certificate of incorporation and all declared dividends on the Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock have been paid or set aside for
payment to the Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Conversion Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Shares of preferred stock are convertible, at
the option of the holder, at any time, into fully-paid nonassessable shares of the Company&#8217;s Class&nbsp;A common stock or Class&nbsp;B
common stock at the then-applicable conversion rate. Any shares of Super Voting Preferred Stock shall be convertible to shares of the
Company&#8217;s Class&nbsp;B common stock. Any share of preferred stock convertible to shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock that has been
transferred for any reason other than for tax planning purposes and certain other limited exceptions, as outlined in the Company&#8217;s
certificate of incorporation, shall become convertible into shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock. The conversion rate is subject to anti-dilution
protective provisions that will be applied to adjust the number of shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock or Class&nbsp;B common stock,
as applicable, issuable upon conversion of the shares of the respective series of preferred stock. At the date of this prospectus, the
conversion rate for both the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock is 1:1.1457 and 1:1.3331, respectively,
share of Class&nbsp;A common stock after further conversion from Class&nbsp;B common stock, as applicable, per one share of preferred
stock. The initial conversion rate for the conversion of the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock to Class A common stock initially was 1:1,
and as of the date of this prospectus, is 1:1.4181.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Additionally, each share of preferred stock will
automatically convert into Class&nbsp;A common stock or Class&nbsp;B common stock, as applicable, (i)&nbsp;immediately prior to the closing
of a firm commitment underwritten public offering, registered under the Securities Act, (ii)&nbsp;with respect to preferred stock other
than the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, upon the receipt by the Company of a written request for such conversion from the holders of
a majority of the preferred stock other than the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock then outstanding (voting as a single class and on an
as-converted basis), or (iii)&nbsp;with respect to the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, upon the receipt by the Company of a written
request for such conversion from the holders of a majority of the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock then outstanding. The stock will convert
in the same manner as a voluntary conversion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Voting Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each holder of preferred stock is entitled to
that number of votes equal to the number of votes of shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock or Class&nbsp;B common stock, as applicable,
into which such shares are convertible. This means that holders of Super Voting Preferred Stock shall be entitled to ten votes for each
share held. Fractional votes are not permitted and if the conversion results in a fractional share, it will be disregarded. Holders of
preferred stock are entitled to vote on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, including the election of directors, as
a single class with the holders of common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Preemptive Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company previously granted an investor in
a preferred stock financing the right to invest up to their pro rata share ownership in future offerings of securities of the Company.
The investor converted their securities to Class&nbsp;A common stock in early 2022, and as a result, the preemptive rights terminated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Right to Receive Liquidation Distribution</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In the event of a Liquidation Event, the holders
of the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2
preferred stock shall be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the
holders of the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock or common stock by reason of their ownership of such stock,
an amount per share for each share of Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred
stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock held by them equal to the greater of: (A)&nbsp;the sum of (i)&nbsp;the Liquidation Preference
specified for such share of Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-2
preferred stock, as applicable, and (ii)&nbsp;all declared but unpaid dividends (if any) on such share of Series&nbsp;B preferred stock,
Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, as applicable, or (B)&nbsp;the amount
such Holder would receive if all shares of the applicable series of preferred stock were converted to common stock immediately prior
to such Liquidation Event, or (C)&nbsp;such lesser amount as may be approved by the holders of the majority of the outstanding shares
of Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock,
voting together as a single class. If upon the Liquidation Event, the assets of the Company legally available for distribution to the
holders of the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2
preferred stock are insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full amounts specified in the certificate of incorporation,
then the entire assets of the Company legally available for distribution shall be distributed with equal priority and pro rata among
the holders of the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2
preferred stock in proportion to the full amounts they would otherwise be entitled to receive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The holders of Series&nbsp;A preferred stock
are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of common stock
or Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock by reason of their ownership of such stock, an amount per share for each share of Series&nbsp;A preferred
stock held by them equal to the greater of: (A)&nbsp;the sum of (i)&nbsp;the Liquidation Preference specified for such share of Series&nbsp;A
preferred stock and (ii)&nbsp;all declared but unpaid dividends (if any) on such share of Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, or (B)&nbsp;the
amount such Holder would receive if all shares of Series&nbsp;A preferred stock were converted to common stock immediately prior to such
Liquidation Event, or (C)&nbsp;such lesser amount as may be approved by the holders of the majority of the outstanding shares of Series&nbsp;A
preferred stock. If upon a Liquidation Event, the assets of the Company legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series&nbsp;A
preferred stock are insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full amounts specified in the certificate of incorporation,
then the entire assets of the Company legally available for distribution shall be distributed with equal priority and pro rata among
the holders of the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock in proportion to the full amounts they would otherwise be entitled to receive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">After payment of all liquidation preferences
to the holders of preferred stock, as outlined above, all remaining assets of the Company legally available for distribution shall be
distributed pro rata to the holders of the common stock, without any participation in such liquidation by the preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The certificate of incorporation explicitly requires
that before any shares of preferred stock are converted into common stock, the relevant holder&#8217;s right to liquidation preference
be surrendered, in order to prevent treatment of shares as both preferred stock and common stock for the purpose of distributions of
assets upon a Liquidation Event.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Transfer Agent and Registrar</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our transfer agent and registrar for our Class&nbsp;A
common stock is Computershare Trust Company, N.A.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Listing</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our Class&nbsp;A common stock is listed on The
Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol &#8220;KSCP.&#8221;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="S-8"></A>CERTAIN MATERIAL UNITED
STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS OF CLASS&nbsp;A COMMON STOCK</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The following is a discussion of certain material
U.S. federal income and estate tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our Class&nbsp;A common stock by a &#8220;non-U.S.
holder&#8221; (as described below). This summary is limited to &#8220;non-U.S. holders&#8221; that hold our Class&nbsp;A common stock
as a capital asset (generally, property held for investment for U.S. federal income tax purposes). This discussion does not address all
aspects of U.S. federal income and estate taxation that may be relevant to non-U.S. holders in light of their particular circumstances,
does not discuss alternative minimum tax and Medicare contribution tax consequences and does not address any tax consequences arising
under the laws of any state, local or foreign jurisdiction. This discussion also does not address all of the consequences relevant to
holders subject to special tax rules, such as.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>a non-U.S. holder
                                            that is a financial institution, insurance company, regulated investment company or real
                                            estate investment trusts, tax-exempt organization, government organization, pension plan,
                                            broker, dealer or trader in stocks, securities or currencies, U.S. expatriate, controlled
                                            foreign corporation or passive foreign investment company;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>a non-U.S. holder
                                            holding common stock as part of a conversion, constructive sale, wash sale or other integrated
                                            transaction or a hedge, straddle or synthetic security;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>a non-U.S. holder
                                            whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>a non-U.S. holder
                                            who is deemed to sell our Class&nbsp;A common stock under the constructive sale provisions
                                            of the Code;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>a non-U.S. holder
                                            that holds or receives Class&nbsp;A common stock pursuant to the exercise of any employee
                                            stock option or otherwise as compensation; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>a non-U.S. holder
                                            that at any time owns, directly, indirectly or constructively, 5% or more of our outstanding
                                            capital stock.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">A &#8220;non-U.S. holder&#8221; is a beneficial
owner of a share of our Class&nbsp;A common stock that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>a non-resident alien
                                            individual, other than a former citizen or resident of the United States subject to U.S.
                                            tax as an expatriate,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>a foreign corporation
                                            or any foreign organization taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
                                            or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>a foreign estate or
                                            trust.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">If a non-U.S. holder is an individual, such holder
may be deemed to be a resident alien, rather than a nonresident alien, by virtue of being present in the United States for at least 31
days in the calendar year and for an aggregate of at least 183 days during a three-year period ending with the current calendar year.
For these purposes, all the days present in the current year, one-third of the days present in the immediately preceding year, and one-sixth
of the days present in the second preceding year are counted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">If a partnership or other pass-through entity
(including an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership or other type of pass-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes)
owns our Class&nbsp;A common stock, the tax treatment of a partner or beneficial owner of the entity may depend upon the status of the
owner, the activities of the entity and certain determinations made at the partner or beneficial owner level. Partners and beneficial
owners in partnerships or other pass-through entities that own our Class&nbsp;A common stock should consult their tax advisors as to
the particular U.S. federal income and estate tax consequences applicable to them.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">This discussion is based on current provisions
of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (&#8220;Code&#8221;), administrative pronouncements, judicial decisions and final,
temporary and proposed Treasury Regulations, changes to any of which subsequent to the date hereof may affect the tax consequences described
herein (possibly with retroactive effect). Prospective non-U.S. holders are urged to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular
tax consequences to them of owning and disposing of our Class&nbsp;A common stock, including the consequences under the laws of any state,
local or foreign jurisdiction. We have not sought any ruling from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (the &#8220;IRS&#8221;) with respect
to the statements made and the conclusions reached in the following discussion, and there can be no assurance that the IRS will agree
with such statements and conclusions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Distributions</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We do not currently expect to pay any cash distributions
on our Class&nbsp;A common stock. If we make distributions of cash or property (other than certain pro rata distributions of common stock)
with respect to our Class&nbsp;A common stock, to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined
under U.S. federal income tax principles), such distributions generally will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a 30% rate,
or such reduced rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty, subject to the discussion of backup withholding and FATCA
withholding taxes below. In order to obtain a reduced rate of withholding under an applicable income tax treaty, a non-U.S. holder generally
will be required to provide a properly executed IRS Form&nbsp;W-8BEN or IRS Form&nbsp;W-8BEN-E (or other appropriate IRS Form&nbsp;W-8),
as applicable, certifying its entitlement to benefits under the applicable treaty. To the extent such distributions exceed our current
and accumulated earnings and profits, they will constitute a tax-free return of capital, which will first reduce your adjusted tax basis
in our Class&nbsp;A common stock, but not below zero, and thereafter will be treated as a gain from the sale or other disposition of
our Class&nbsp;A common stock, as described below under &#8220;Gain on Disposition of Our Class&nbsp;A Common Stock.&#8221;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder that are
effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder&#8217;s conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an
applicable income tax treaty, are attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base maintained by the non-U.S. holder in the United
States) will not be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax if the non-U.S. holder provides a properly executed IRS Form&nbsp;W-8ECI.
Instead, the effectively connected dividend income generally will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the non-U.S. holder were
a United States person as defined under the Code. A non-U.S. holder that is treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes
may also be subject to an additional &#8220;branch profits tax&#8221; imposed at a rate of 30% on the effectively connected dividend
income, or such reduced rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Gain on Disposition of Our Class&nbsp;A Common Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Subject to the discussions of backup withholding
and FATCA withholding taxes below, a non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on gain realized on a sale
or other disposition of common stock unless:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the gain is effectively
                                            connected with the non-U.S. holder&#8217;s conduct of a trade or business in the United States
                                            (and, if required by an applicable tax treaty, the gain is attributable to a permanent establishment
                                            or fixed base maintained by the non-U.S. holder in the United States), in which case the
                                            gain will be subject to U.S. federal income tax generally in the same manner as effectively
                                            connected dividend income as described above;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the non-U.S. holder
                                            is an individual present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of
                                            disposition and certain other conditions are met, in which case the gain (net of certain
                                            U.S.-source losses) generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30%
                                            (or such reduced rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty); or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>we are or have been
                                            a &#8220;United States real property holding corporation&#8221; (as described below), at
                                            any time during the shorter of the 5-year period preceding the disposition or the period
                                            that the non-U.S. holder owned our Class&nbsp;A common stock, and the non-U.S. holder has
                                            owned, directly or constructively, more than 5% of our Class&nbsp;A common stock at any time
                                            during the shorter of the 5-year period preceding the disposition or such non-U.S. holder&#8217;s
                                            holding period for our Class&nbsp;A common stock; provided, that our Class&nbsp;A common
                                            stock is regularly traded on an established securities market during the calendar year in
                                            which the sale or disposition occurs.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We will be a United States real property holding
corporation at any time that the fair market value of our &#8220;United States real property interests,&#8221; as defined in the Code
and applicable Treasury Regulations, equals or exceeds 50% of the aggregate fair market value of our worldwide real property interests
and our other assets used or held for use in a trade or business. We believe that we are not, and do not anticipate becoming in the foreseeable
future, a United States real property holding corporation. However, there can be no assurance in this regard and non-U.S. holders are
urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of these rules.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Information Reporting Requirements and Backup
Withholding</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Information returns are required to be filed
with the IRS in connection with distributions on our Class&nbsp;A common stock. A similar report generally will be sent to non-U.S. holders
receiving such distributions. Pursuant to applicable income tax treaties or other agreements, the IRS may make these reports available
to tax authorities in a non-U.S. holder&#8217;s country of residence.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Distributions on, or payments of proceeds on
the disposition of, Class&nbsp;A common stock which are made to a non-U.S holder may be subject to additional information reporting and
backup withholding at the then applicable rate unless the non-U.S. holder establishes an exemption, for example by properly certifying
such holder&#8217;s non-U.S. status on a properly executed IRS Form&nbsp;W-8BEN or IRS Form&nbsp;W-8BEN-E (or other appropriate IRS Form&nbsp;W-8),
as applicable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, backup withholding and information reporting may apply if either we or our paying agent
has actual knowledge, or reason to know, that a holder is a U.S. person.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Backup withholding is not
an additional tax. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a non-U.S. holder generally will be allowed as a credit against
the non-U.S. holder&#8217;s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle the non-U.S. holder to a refund, provided that the required
information is furnished to the IRS in a timely manner.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>FATCA Withholding Taxes</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Provisions of the Code and Treasury Regulations
and administrative guidance promulgated thereunder commonly referred as the &#8220;Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act&#8221; (&#8220;FATCA&#8221;)
generally impose withholding at a rate of 30% in certain circumstances on dividends in respect of our Class&nbsp;A common stock which
are held by or through certain foreign financial institutions (including investment funds), unless any such institution (1)&nbsp;enters
into, and complies with, an agreement with the IRS to report, on an annual basis, information with respect to interests in, and accounts
maintained by, the institution that are owned by certain U.S. persons and by certain non-U.S. entities that are wholly or partially owned
by U.S. persons and to withhold on certain payments, or (2)&nbsp;if required under an intergovernmental agreement between the United
States and an applicable foreign country, reports such information to its local tax authority, which will exchange such information with
the U.S. authorities. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country may modify these requirements.
Accordingly, the entity through which our Class&nbsp;A common stock is held will affect the determination of whether such withholding
is required. Similarly, dividends in respect of our Class&nbsp;A common stock held by an investor that is a non-financial non-U.S. entity
that does not qualify under certain exceptions generally will be subject to withholding at a rate of 30%, unless such entity either (1)&nbsp;certifies
to us or the applicable withholding agent that such entity does not have any &#8220;substantial United States owners&#8221; or (2)&nbsp;provides
certain information regarding the entity&#8217;s &#8220;substantial United States owners,&#8221; which will in turn be provided to the
U.S. Department of Treasury.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Withholding under FATCA was scheduled to apply
to payments of gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of property that produces U.S.-source interest or dividends, however,
the IRS released proposed regulations that, if finalized in their proposed form, would eliminate the obligation to withhold on such gross
proceeds. Although these proposed Treasury Regulations are not final, taxpayers generally may rely on them until final Treasury Regulations
are issued. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the possible implications of FATCA on their investment
in our Class&nbsp;A common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Federal Estate Tax</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Individual non-U.S. holders (as specifically
defined for U.S. federal estate tax purposes) and entities the property of which is potentially includible in such an individual&#8217;s
gross estate for U.S. federal estate tax purposes (for example, a trust funded by such an individual and with respect to which the individual
has retained certain interests or powers) should note that the common stock will be treated as U.S. situs property subject to U.S. federal
estate tax, unless an applicable estate tax treaty provides otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="S-9"></A>PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We have entered into the Sales Agreement with
Wainwright, as our sales agent, under which we may offer and sell from time to time shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock pursuant
to this prospectus. The sales, if any, of shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock made under the Sales Agreement may be made in sales
deemed to be &#8220;at-the-market offerings&#8221; as defined in Rule&nbsp;415 under the Securities Act, including by sales made directly
on or through The Nasdaq Global Market or another market for our Class&nbsp;A common stock, sales made to or through a market maker other
than on an exchange or otherwise, in negotiated transactions at market prices prevailing at the time of sale or at negotiated prices,
or as otherwise agreed with the sales agent. If we and Wainwright agree on any method of distribution other than sales of shares of our
Class&nbsp;A common stock into The Nasdaq Global Market or another existing trading market in the United States at market prices, we
will file a further prospectus supplement providing all information about such offering as required by Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;under the
Securities Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We will designate the maximum amount of shares
of our Class&nbsp;A common stock to be sold through the sales agent on a daily basis or otherwise as we and the sales agent agree and
the minimum price per share at which such shares may be sold. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, the sales agent
will use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell on our behalf all of the designated shares. We may instruct the sales agent not
to sell any shares if the sales cannot be effected at or above the price designated by us in any such instruction. We or the sales agent
may suspend the offering of shares at any time and from time to time by notifying the other party. We cannot predict the number of shares
that we may sell hereby or if any shares will be sold.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We will pay the sales agent a commission of 3.0%
of the gross sales price per share sold through it as our agent under the Sales Agreement. Because there is no minimum offering amount
required as a condition to this offering, the actual total public offering amount, commissions and proceeds to us, if any, are not determinable
at this time. Pursuant to the terms of the Sales Agreement, we agreed to reimburse Wainwright for the fees and expenses of its legal
counsel in connection with entering into the transactions contemplated by the Sales Agreement in an amount not to exceed $50,000, which
was reimbursed by us prior to the date hereof, in addition to the reimbursement of up to $2,500 per due diligence update session for
Wainwright&rsquo;s counsel&rsquo;s fees and any incidental expenses. We estimate that the total expenses of this offering payable by
us, excluding commissions payable to the sales agent under the Sales Agreement, will be approximately $140,000.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The sales agent will provide to us written confirmation
following the close of trading on The Nasdaq Global Market each day in which shares are sold under the Sales Agreement. Each confirmation
will include the number of shares sold on that day, the gross sales proceeds, the net proceeds to us (after deducting any expenses payable
by us and any transaction fees, transfer taxes or similar taxes or fees imposed by any governmental entity or self-regulatory organization
in respect of such sales) and the compensation payable by us to the sales agent. We will report in a prospectus supplement and/or our
filings under the Exchange Act, at least quarterly the number of shares sold by or through the sales agent under the Sales Agreement,
the net proceeds to us and the aggregate compensation of the sales agent in connection with sales of the shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Settlement for sales of shares will occur in
return for payment of the net proceeds to us in accordance with the standard settlement cycle provided in Rule&nbsp;15c6-1(a)&nbsp;under
the Exchange Act, unless the parties agree otherwise. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in an escrow, trust or similar
arrangement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Under the terms of the Sales Agreement, we also
may sell shares of our Class&nbsp;A common stock to the sales agent, as principal for its own account, at a price per share agreed upon
at the time of sale. If we sell shares to the sales agent as principal, we will enter into a separate terms agreement with the sales
agent and we will describe the agreement in a separate prospectus supplement or pricing supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">To the extent required by Regulation M, Wainwright
will not engage in any market making activities involving our shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock while the offering is ongoing under
this prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The offering of shares pursuant to the Sales
Agreement will terminate upon the earlier of (1)&nbsp;the sale of all shares subject to the Sales Agreement or (2)&nbsp;the termination
of the Sales Agreement by us or by the sales agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In connection with the sale of shares of our
Class&nbsp;A common stock on our behalf, the sales agent may be deemed to be an &#8220;underwriter&#8221; within the meaning of the Securities
Act, and the compensation paid to the sales agent may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have agreed to provide
indemnification and contribution to the sales agent against certain liabilities, including civil liabilities under the Securities Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Wainwright and its affiliates may in the future
provide various investment banking and other financial services for us and our affiliates, for which services they may in the future
receive customary fees.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="S-10"></A>LEGAL MATTERS</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The validity of the shares of Class&nbsp;A
common stock being offered by this prospectus will be passed upon by Perkins Coie LLP. Wainwright is being represented in this
offering by Ellenoff Grossman&nbsp;&amp; Schole LLP, New York, New York.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="S-11"></A>EXPERTS</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The consolidated financial statements of Knightscope,
Inc. as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 and for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2022 incorporated in this prospectus
by reference to the&nbsp;<A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001600983/000141057823000578/tmb-20221231x10k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022</A>, have been so incorporated in reliance on the report (which contains an
explanatory paragraph relating to the Company&#8217;s ability to continue as a going concern as described in Note 1 to the consolidated
financial statements) of BPM LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in
auditing and accounting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The financial statements of CASE Emergency Systems
as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021 incorporated in this prospectus and Registration Statement on Form S-3 by reference to
the Company&#8217;s <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922130564/tm2233471d1_8ka.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Current
Report on Form 8-K/A, filed with the SEC on December 28, 2022</A>, have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of Cashuk, Wiseman,
Goldberg, Birnbaum and Salem, LLP, an independent accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="S-12"></A>WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We have filed with the SEC a registration statement
on Form&nbsp;S-3 under the Securities Act with respect to the securities being offered hereby. This prospectus, which constitutes a part
of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement or the exhibits and schedules
filed therewith. For further information about us and the securities offered hereby, we refer you to the registration statement and the
exhibits filed thereto. Statements contained in this prospectus regarding the contents of any contract or any other document that is
filed as an exhibit to the registration statement are not necessarily complete, and each such statement is qualified in all respects
by reference to the full text of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We file annual, quarterly and special reports,
proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains an internet website at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy
and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, including us, which you may
access free of charge. You may also access our reports and proxy statements free of charge at our website, www.knightscope.com. The information
contained in, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of this prospectus. The prospectus included in this filing is
part of a registration statement filed by us with the SEC. The full registration statement can be obtained from the SEC, as indicated
above, or from us.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="S-13"></A>INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN
DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference
the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document that
we have filed separately with the SEC. We hereby incorporate by reference the following information or documents into this prospectus:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001600983/000141057823000578/tmb-20221231x10k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Annual
                                            Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022</A>, filed with the SEC on March
                                            31, 2023, as amended by our <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001600983/000110465923053161/tm2313947d1_10ka.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Annual
                                            Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2022</A>, filed with the SEC on April
                                            28, 2023;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465923069390/tm232162-1_def14a.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Definitive
                                            Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A relating to our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders</A>,
                                            filed with the SEC on June 8, 2023;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465923005623/tm233352-2_def14c.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Definitive
                                            Information Statement on Schedule 14C</A>, filed with the SEC on January 23, 2023;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our Quarterly Reports
                                            on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000141057823001106/tmb-20230331x10q.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">March
                                            31, 2023</A> and <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000141057823001838/tmb-20230630x10q.htm">June
                                            30, 2023</A>, filed with the SEC on May 12, 2023 and August 14, 2023, respectively;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our Current Reports
                                            on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on&nbsp;<A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922131441/tm2233801d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">January&nbsp;3,
                                            2023</A>,&nbsp;<A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465923002244/tm232656d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">January&nbsp;9,
                                            2023</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465923007577/tm234666d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">January
                                            27, 2023</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001600983/000110465923040282/tm2310900d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">March
                                            31, 2023</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001600983/000110465923059859/tm2315656d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">May
                                            12, 2023</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001600983/000110465923076149/tm2319853d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">June
                                            29, 2023</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001600983/000110465923077841/tm2320503d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">July
                                            5, 2023</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001600983/000110465923083249/tm2321839-1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">July
                                            24, 2023</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001600983/000110465923083814/tm2321983d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">July
                                            25, 2023</A> and <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001600983/000110465923084093/tm2322010d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">July
                                            26, 2023</A>; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the description of
                                            our Class&nbsp;A common stock contained in our&nbsp;<A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922007278/tm224268d1_8a12b.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Registration
                                            Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on January&nbsp;25, 2022</A>&nbsp;under Section&nbsp;12(b)
                                            of the Exchange Act, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating
                                            such description (including&nbsp;<A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000141057822000800/tmb-20211231xex4d1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Exhibit&nbsp;4.1
                                            to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December&nbsp;31, 2021, filed with the
                                            SEC on March&nbsp;31, 2022</A>).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Any information in any of the foregoing documents
will automatically be deemed to be modified or superseded to the extent that information in this prospectus or in a later filed document
that is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated herein by reference modifies or replaces such information.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We also incorporate by reference any future filings
(other than current reports furnished under Item&nbsp;2.02 or Item&nbsp;7.01 of Form&nbsp;8-K and exhibits filed on such form that are
related to such items) made with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d)&nbsp;of the Exchange Act, until we sell all of
the securities offered by this prospectus. Information in such future filings updates and supplements the information provided in this
prospectus. Any statements in any such future filings will automatically be deemed to modify and supersede any information in any document
we previously filed with the SEC that is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated herein by reference to the extent that statements
in the later filed document modify or replace such earlier statements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Upon written or oral request, we will provide
to you, without charge, a copy of any or all of the documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus but not delivered
with the prospectus, including exhibits which are specifically incorporated by reference into such documents. Requests should be directed
to: Knightscope,&nbsp;Inc., Attention: Investor Relations, 1070 Terra Bella Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043, telephone (650)
924-1025.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>PROSPECTUS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="tm2323635d1_424b5img02.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Knightscope,&nbsp;Inc.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>$100,000,000</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Class&nbsp;A Common Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Preferred Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Debt Securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Warrants</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Units</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin: 3pt auto; width: 25%"><DIV STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We may, from time to time in one or more offerings,
offer and sell up to $100,000,000 in the aggregate of Class&nbsp;A common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and units,
in any combination. The specific terms of the securities, including their offering prices, will be contained in one or more supplements
to this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement carefully before you invest. The securities may be
sold to or through one or more underwriters, dealers or agents, or directly to investors, on a continuous or delayed basis. See &ldquo;Plan
of Distribution.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our Class&nbsp;B common stock is not publicly
traded. Holders of Class&nbsp;A common stock and holders of Class&nbsp;B common stock have substantially identical rights, except that
holders of Class&nbsp;A common stock are entitled to one vote per share and holders of shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock are entitled
to 10 votes per share. Holders of Class&nbsp;A common stock and holders of Class&nbsp;B common stock vote together as a single class
on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, unless otherwise required by law or our certificate of incorporation. Each share
of Class&nbsp;B common stock may be converted into a share of Class&nbsp;A common stock at any time at the election of the holder. See
 &ldquo;Description of Capital Stock.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our Class&nbsp;A common stock is traded on The
Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol &ldquo;KSCP.&rdquo; On January&nbsp;30, 2023, the last reported sales price of our Class&nbsp;A
common stock on The Nasdaq Global Market was $1.60 per share.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We are an &ldquo;emerging growth company&rdquo;
as defined under U.S. federal securities laws and, as such, have elected to comply with reduced public company reporting requirements.
This prospectus complies with the requirements that apply to an issuer that is an emerging growth company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">As of January&nbsp;27, 2023, the aggregate market
value of our outstanding Class&nbsp;A common stock held by non-affiliates, or public float, was approximately $60.7 million, based on
the closing price of our Class&nbsp;A common stock as reported on The Nasdaq Global Market on December&nbsp;5, 2022, as calculated in
accordance with General Instruction I.B.6 of Form&nbsp;S-3. We have not sold any securities pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6. of
Form&nbsp;S-3 during the 12 calendar months prior to and including the date of this prospectus. Pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6
of Form&nbsp;S-3, in no event will we sell any securities in a public primary offering with a value exceeding one-third of our public
float in any 12-month period unless our public float subsequently rises to $75.0 million or more.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Investing
in our securities involves risks. See &ldquo;</B></FONT><B><U>Risk Factors</U>&rdquo; on page&nbsp;1 of this prospectus, and any applicable
prospectus supplement, and in the documents that are incorporated by reference herein and therein.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission
nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus.
Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>The date of this prospectus is February 8,
2023.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>TABLE OF CONTENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" BORDER="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD STYLE="text-align: right; width: 95%">&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 5%"><B><U>Page</U></B></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_001">About This Prospectus</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_001">ii</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_002">Cautionary NOTE Regarding Forward-Looking
    Statements</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_002">iii</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_003">RISK FACTORS</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_003">1</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_004">OUR COmpANY</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_004">2</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_005">Use of Proceeds</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_005">1</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_006">DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_006">2</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_007">DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_007">8</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_008">DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_008">14</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_009">DESCRIPTION OF UNITS</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_009">15</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_010">Plan of Distribution</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_010">16</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_011">Legal Matters</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_011">18</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_012">Experts</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_012">18</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_013">Where You Can Find More Information</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_013">18</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase"><A HREF="#A_014">INFORMATION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#A_014">18</A></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_001"></A>ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">This prospectus is part of a registration statement
on Form&nbsp;S-3 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;Securities Act&rdquo;), that we filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (&ldquo;SEC&rdquo;) using the &ldquo;shelf&rdquo; registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we
may offer and sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings, up to a total dollar amount
of $100,000,000. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer the securities
described in this prospectus, we will provide you with a prospectus supplement that will describe the specific amounts, prices and terms
of the securities being offered. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material
information relating to these offerings. The prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus may also add, update or change information
contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus with respect to that offering. If there is any inconsistency between the
information in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, you should rely on the prospectus
supplement or free writing prospectus, as applicable. This prospectus does not contain all the information provided in the registration
statement filed with the SEC. You should carefully read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement (and any applicable free writing
prospectuses), together with the additional information described below under &ldquo;Where You Can Find More Information&rdquo; and &ldquo;Information
Incorporated By Reference&rdquo; before you make an investment decision.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We have not authorized anyone to provide any
information other than that contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or in any prospectus supplement or free writing
prospectus prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance
as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">You should assume that the information appearing
in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement to this prospectus is accurate as of the date on its respective cover and
that any information incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, unless we indicate
otherwise. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. Any statement made
in this prospectus or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus will be deemed to be modified
or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in a prospectus supplement or in any other subsequently
filed document that is also incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus modifies or supersedes that statement.
Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.
See &ldquo;Information Incorporated By Reference.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus
supplements may include trademarks, service marks and trade names owned by us or other companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade
names included in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement are the property of their respective owners.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Unless the context otherwise indicates, references
in this prospectus to &ldquo;we,&rdquo; &ldquo;us,&rdquo; &ldquo;our,&rdquo; the &ldquo;Company&rdquo; and &ldquo;Knightscope&rdquo;
refer to Knightscope,&nbsp;Inc., a Delaware corporation. The term &ldquo;you&rdquo; refers to a prospective investor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_002"></A>CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain
statements in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated herein and therein by reference include &ldquo;forward-looking
statements&rdquo; within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section&nbsp;27A of the Securities Act
and Section&nbsp;21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;Exchange Act&rdquo;)</FONT>. All statements contained
in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein other than
statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our future operating results and financial position, our business strategy
and plans, market growth, and our objectives for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words such as &ldquo;believe,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;will,&rdquo; &ldquo;estimate,&rdquo; &ldquo;potential,&rdquo; &ldquo;continue,&rdquo; &ldquo;anticipate,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;intend,&rdquo; &ldquo;expect,&rdquo; &ldquo;could,&rdquo; &ldquo;would,&rdquo; &ldquo;project,&rdquo; &ldquo;plan,&rdquo; &ldquo;target,&rdquo;
and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Forward-looking
statements contained in </FONT>this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein
and therein include, but are not limited to, statements about:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the success of our
                                            products and product candidates will require significant capital resources and years of development
                                            efforts;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our limited number
                                            of deployments and the risk of limited market acceptance of our products;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our ability to protect
                                            our intellectual property and to develop, maintain and enhance a strong brand;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our limited operating
                                            history by which performance can be gauged;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our ability to operate
                                            and collect digital information on behalf of our clients, which is dependent on the privacy
                                            laws of jurisdictions in which our ASRs (as defined below) operate, as well as the corporate
                                            policies of our clients, which may limit our ability to fully deploy our technologies in
                                            various markets;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our ability to raise
                                            capital and the availability of future financing;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>unpredictable events,
                                            such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and associated business disruptions could seriously harm our
                                            future revenues and financial condition, delay our operations, increase our costs and expenses,
                                            and impact our ability to raise capital;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our ability to manage
                                            our research, development, expansion, growth and operating expenses; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our ability to effectively
                                            use the net proceeds from any offering<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe
may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives,
and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties, and assumptions and other factors
that could cause actual results to differ materially from those stated, including those described in &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; in our
<A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000141057822000800/tmb-20211231x10k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021</A></FONT>, filed with the SEC on March&nbsp;31, 2022, which is incorporated
by reference herein, as such factors may be updated in our filings with the SEC. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly
changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess
the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ
materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties, and assumptions,
the future events and trends discussed in <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">this prospectus, any prospectus supplement
and the documents incorporated herein and therein </FONT>may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from
those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. In particular, disruptions and delays with certain vendors in our supply
chain, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, may adversely impact component manufacturers&rsquo; ability to meet our client demand timely.
Additionally, the prioritization of shipments of certain products, as a result of the pandemic, could cause delays in our ability to
deploy our ASRs. Such disruptions could result in a delay in our ability to recognize revenue on sales. The physical security industry
in general and our financial position and operating results, in particular, have been material, are changing rapidly, and cannot be predicted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">You should not rely upon forward-looking statements
as predictions of future events. The events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results,
performance, or achievements. Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made, and we undertake no obligation to update
any of these forward-looking statements for any reason after such date or to conform these statements to actual results or revised expectations,
except as required by applicable law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_003"></A>RISK FACTORS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">An
investment in our securities involves risks. You should carefully consider the risks described in the sections entitled &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo;
in any prospectus supplement and those set forth in documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any applicable prospectus
supplement, as well as other information in this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, before purchasing any of our securities.
Each of the risks described in these sections and documents could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition,
results of operations and prospects, and could result in a loss of your investment. Additional risks and uncertainties not known to us
or that we deem immaterial may also impair our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects</FONT>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_004"></A>OUR COMPANY</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Knightscope is a leading developer of autonomous
security robots. Our technologies are Made in the USA and allow public safety professionals to more effectively deter, intervene, capture,
and prosecute criminals. Our mission is to make the United States of America the safest country in the world by helping to protect the
places people live, work, study and visit.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">To support this mission, we design, develop,
manufacture, market, and support Autonomous Security Robots (&ldquo;ASRs&rdquo;), autonomous charging stations, the proprietary Knightscope
Security Operations Center (&ldquo;KSOC&rdquo;) software user interface, and blue light emergency communication devices.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our core technologies are suitable for most environments
that require security patrol coverage and designed to be force multipliers that offer security teams improved situational awareness.
ASRs conduct real-time on-site data collection and analysis in both indoor and outdoor spaces delivering alerts to security professionals
through the KSOC. The KSOC enables clients with appropriate credentials and user permissions to access the data for investigative and
evidence collection purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our blue light emergency communication devices
consist of emergency blue light towers, blue light emergency phone (&ldquo;E-Phone&rdquo;) towers, fully integrated, solar-powered cellular
emergency phone towers, and emergency call box systems (&ldquo;Call Box&rdquo;). Towered devices are tall, highly visible and recognizable
apparatuses that provide emergency communications using cellular and satellite communications with solar power for additional safety
in remote locations. E-Phones and Call Boxes offering a smaller, yet still highly visible, footprint than the stationary security towers,
but with the same reliable communication capabilities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We sell our ASR and stationary multi-purpose
security solutions under an annual subscription, Machine-as-a-Service business model, which includes the ASR rental as well as maintenance,
service, support, data transfer, KSOC access, charging stations, and unlimited software, firmware and select hardware upgrades.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our stationary blue light, e-phone, and call
box towers are sold as point-of-sale modular systems, including Knightscope&rsquo;s exclusive, self-diagnostic, alarm monitoring system
firmware that provides system owners daily email reports on the operational status of their system, a one-year parts warranty, and optional
installation services. Modular upgrades are available for the blue light towers, such as public announcement speaker systems. Knightscope
also offers an extended warranty on this series of stationary security towers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our current strategy for all products and services
is to focus solely on United States sales and deployments for the foreseeable future before considering global expansion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We were incorporated in Delaware in April&nbsp;2013.
Our principal executive offices are located at 1070 Terra Bella Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043, and our telephone number is
(650) 924-1025. We maintain an internet website at www.knightscope.com. The information provided on our website (or any other website
referred to in this prospectus) is not part of this this prospectus and is not incorporated by reference as part of this prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_005"></A>USE OF PROCEEDS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable
prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of any securities offered by us under this prospectus for general
corporate purposes, which may include, among others, working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, repayment or refinancing of
debt, and repurchases or redemptions of securities. We will retain broad discretion over the allocation of net proceeds from the sale
of any securities offered by us.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_006"></A>DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL
STOCK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>The following description of capital stock
summarizes certain provisions of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the &ldquo;certificate of incorporation&rdquo;)
and our Bylaws (the &ldquo;bylaws&rdquo;). The description is intended as a summary, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to
our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws, copies of which have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement, of which
this prospectus forms a part.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Authorized Capital Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our authorized capital stock consists of 187,405,324
shares, consisting of: (i)&nbsp;114,000,000 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock, $0.001 par value per share; (ii)&nbsp;30,000,000 shares
of Class&nbsp;B common stock, $0.001 par value per share; and (iii)&nbsp;43,405,324 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share,
consisting of (A)&nbsp;8,936,015 shares designated as Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, (B)&nbsp;4,707,501 shares designated as Series&nbsp;B
preferred stock, (C)&nbsp;6,666,666 shares designated as Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, (D)&nbsp;333,334 shares designated as Series&nbsp;m-1
preferred stock, (E)&nbsp;1,660,756 shares designated as Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, (F)&nbsp;3,490,658 shares designated as Series&nbsp;m-3
preferred stock, (G)&nbsp;4,502,061 shares designated as Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, and (H)&nbsp;13,108,333 shares designated as
Series&nbsp;S preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">As of January&nbsp;27, 2023 there were outstanding:
(i)&nbsp;31,205,189 shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock; (ii)&nbsp;10,319,884 shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock; and (iii)&nbsp;9,654,490
shares of preferred stock, consisting of (A)&nbsp;1,418,381 shares of Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, (B)&nbsp;3,535,621 shares of Series&nbsp;B
preferred stock, (C)&nbsp;1,834,784 shares of Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, (D)&nbsp;no shares of Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, (E)&nbsp;160,000
shares of Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, (F)&nbsp;no shares of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock, (G)&nbsp;no shares of Series&nbsp;m-4
preferred stock, and (H)&nbsp;2,705,704 shares of Series&nbsp;S preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Common Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We have two authorized classes of common stock,
Class&nbsp;A common stock and Class&nbsp;B common stock. Outstanding shares of preferred stock are convertible into shares of either
Class&nbsp;A common stock or Class&nbsp;B common stock, with (A)&nbsp;the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;B preferred
stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock (collectively, the &ldquo;Super Voting Preferred Stock&rdquo;) convertible into shares
of Class&nbsp;B common stock, and (B)&nbsp;the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-3
preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock (collectively, the &ldquo;Ordinary Preferred
Stock&rdquo;) convertible into shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock. The Class&nbsp;B common stock is convertible into shares of Class&nbsp;A
common stock as described below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Voting Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each holder of Class&nbsp;B common stock shall
be entitled to ten (10)&nbsp;votes for each share of Class&nbsp;B common stock held by such holder as of the applicable record date.
Each holder of Class&nbsp;A common stock shall be entitled to one (1)&nbsp;vote for each share of Class&nbsp;A common stock held by such
holder as of the applicable record date. Except as otherwise expressly provided in the certificate of incorporation or by applicable
law, the holders of Class&nbsp;A common stock and the holders of Class&nbsp;B common stock shall at all times vote together as one class
on all matters (including the election of directors) submitted to a vote or for the written consent of the stockholders of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each holder of preferred stock shall be entitled
to the number of votes equal to the number of votes to which each share of common stock is entitled for each such share of common stock
into which such preferred stock could then be converted. The holders of shares of the preferred stock shall be entitled to vote on all
matters on which the common stock shall be entitled to vote. Holders of preferred stock shall be entitled to notice of any stockholders&rsquo;
meeting in accordance with the bylaws. Fractional votes shall not, however, be permitted and any fractional voting rights resulting from
the above formula (after aggregating all shares into which shares of preferred stock held by each holder could be converted), shall be
disregarded.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Except as otherwise expressly provided in the
certificate of incorporation or as required by law, the holders of preferred stock, the holders of Class&nbsp;A common stock and the
holders of Class&nbsp;B common stock shall vote together and not as separate classes, and there shall be no series voting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Dividend Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Holders of the Company&rsquo;s common stock are
entitled to receive dividends, as may be declared from time to time by the board of directors out of legally available funds and only
following payment to holders of the Company&rsquo;s preferred stock, as detailed in the certificate of incorporation. Following payment
of dividends to the holders of preferred stock in accordance with the preferential order set out in the certificate of incorporation,
including the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, any additional dividends set aside or paid in a given year, shall be set aside and paid
among the holders of the preferred stock and common stock on an as-converted basis. The rights to dividends are not cumulative.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Liquidation Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In the event of a voluntary or involuntary liquidation,
dissolution, or winding up of the Company, the holders of common stock are entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available
for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all debts and other liabilities of the Company and only after the satisfaction
of any liquidation preferences granted to the holders of all shares of the outstanding preferred stock in accordance with the liquidation
stack provided for in the certificate of incorporation of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Rights and Preferences</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Holders of the Company&rsquo;s common stock have
no preemptive, conversion, or other rights, and there are no redemptive or sinking fund provisions applicable to the Company&rsquo;s
common stock, except that holders of the Class&nbsp;B common stock may convert their shares into shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Conversion Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each share of Class&nbsp;B common stock shall
automatically convert into one share of Class&nbsp;A common stock upon any transfer of such shares other than for tax planning purposes
and certain other limited exceptions, as outlined in the certificate of incorporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each share of Class&nbsp;B common stock shall
be convertible into one share of Class&nbsp;A common stock at the option of the holder thereof at any time upon written notice to the
Company&rsquo;s transfer agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Ordinary Preferred Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company has authorized the issuance of the
Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred
stock and the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, which contain substantially similar rights, preferences, and privileges, as other series
of preferred stock, except as described below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Conversion Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Shares of Ordinary Preferred Stock are convertible,
at the option of the holder, at any time, into fully-paid nonassessable shares of the Company&rsquo;s Class&nbsp;A common stock at the
then-applicable conversion rate. The conversion rate is subject to anti-dilution protective provisions that will be applied to adjust
the number of shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock issuable upon conversion of the shares of the respective series of preferred stock,
except Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock and Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, in case shares of common stock, on an as converted basis,
are issued for a price per share below the price per share of the relevant series of preferred stock, subject to customary exceptions,
in accordance with the certificate of incorporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The initial conversion rate for the conversion
of the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock and Series&nbsp;S preferred stock was 1:1, which conversion rate will continue to be adjusted pursuant
to the broad-based weighted average anti-dilution adjustment provisions provided for in the certificate of incorporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Additionally, each share of preferred stock will
automatically convert into Class&nbsp;A common stock or Class&nbsp;B common stock, as applicable, (i)&nbsp;immediately prior to the closing
of a firm commitment underwritten public offering, registered under the Securities Act, (ii)&nbsp;with respect to preferred stock other
than the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, upon the receipt by the Company of a written request for such conversion from the holders of
a majority of the preferred stock other than the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock then outstanding, or (iii)&nbsp;with respect to the
Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, upon the receipt by the Company of a written request for such conversion from the holders of a majority
of the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock then outstanding. The stock will convert in the same manner as a voluntary conversion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Voting Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each holder of Ordinary Preferred Stock is entitled
to that number of votes equal to one vote per share of Class&nbsp;A common stock into which such shares are convertible, as adjusted
as discussed above for the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock and Series&nbsp;S preferred stock. Fractional votes are not permitted and if
the conversion results in a fractional share, it will be disregarded. Holders of Ordinary Preferred Stock are entitled to vote on all
matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, including the election of directors, as a single class with the holders of common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Dividend Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Holders of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock are
entitled to receive cumulative dividends payable semi-annually in arrears with respect to each dividend period ending on and including
the last calendar day of each six-month period ending March&nbsp;31 and September&nbsp;30, respectively (each such period, a &ldquo;Dividend
Period&rdquo; and each such date, a &ldquo;Dividend Payment Date&rdquo;), at the rate per share of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock equal
to the Dividend Rate for the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, in each case subject to compliance with applicable law. Dividends to holders
of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock are paid in kind as a dividend of additional shares of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock (&ldquo;PIK
Dividends&rdquo;) for each Dividend Period on the applicable Dividend Payment Date using a price per share equal to the original issue
price, provided that the Company shall not issue any fractional shares of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Except as described above, the Company has no
obligation to pay any dividends to the holders of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, except when, as and if declared by the board of directors
out of any assets at the time legally available therefor or as otherwise specifically provided in the certificate of incorporation. No
distribution will be made with respect to the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred
stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred
stock or the common stock until all declared or accrued but unpaid dividends on the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock have been paid or
set aside for payment to the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Right to Receive Liquidation Distributions</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In the event of any Liquidation Event, as defined
in the certificate of incorporation (which includes the liquidation, dissolution, merger, acquisition or winding up of the Company),
the holders of the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the
assets of the Company to the holders of the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, Series&nbsp;B preferred stock,
Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock or common
stock by reason of their ownership of such stock, an amount per share for each share of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock held by them
equal to the greater of (A): the sum of (i)&nbsp;the Liquidation Preference specified for such share of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock,
and (ii)&nbsp;all accrued but unpaid PIK Dividends (if any) on such share of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, whether or not declared,
or (B)&nbsp;the consideration that such Holder would receive in the Liquidation Event if all shares of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock
were converted to Class&nbsp;A common stock immediately prior to such Liquidation Event, or (C)&nbsp;such lesser amount as may be approved
by the holders of the majority of the outstanding shares of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, where for purposes of (B)&nbsp;such Holder
is deemed to hold, in addition to each of its shares of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, any additional shares of Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred
stock that constitute all accrued but unpaid PIK Dividends, whether or not declared. If upon the Liquidation Event, the assets of the
Company legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock are insufficient to permit the payment
to such holders of the full amounts specified in the certificate of incorporation, then the entire assets of the Company legally available
for distribution shall be distributed with equal priority and pro rata among the holders of the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock in proportion
to the full amounts they would otherwise be entitled to receive. The Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock has a $7 per share liquidation preference,
which is 2x its original issue price.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The holders of the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock
are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of the Series&nbsp;A
preferred stock, Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred
stock, Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock or common stock by reason of their ownership of such stock, an amount per share for each share
of Series&nbsp;S preferred stock held by them equal to the greater of (A): the sum of (i)&nbsp;the Liquidation Preference specified for
such share of Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, and (ii)&nbsp;all declared but unpaid dividends (if any) on such share of Series&nbsp;S
preferred stock, or (B)&nbsp;the amount such Holder would receive if all shares of Series&nbsp;S preferred stock were converted to common
stock immediately prior to such Liquidation Event, or (C)&nbsp;such lesser amount as may be approved by the holders of the majority of
the outstanding shares of Series&nbsp;S preferred stock. If upon the Liquidation Event, the assets of the Company legally available for
distribution to the holders of the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock are insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full amounts
specified in the certificate of incorporation, then the entire assets of the Company legally available for distribution shall be distributed
with equal priority and pro rata among the holders of the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock in proportion to the full amounts they would
otherwise be entitled to receive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The holders of the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock,
the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock shall be entitled to receive,
prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock,
Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock or common stock by reason of their ownership of such stock, an amount per share for each share of Series&nbsp;B
preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock held
by them equal to the greater of (A): the sum of (i)&nbsp;the Liquidation Preference specified for such share of Series&nbsp;B preferred
stock, Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, as applicable, and (ii)&nbsp;all
declared but unpaid dividends (if any) on such share of Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1
preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, as applicable, or (B)&nbsp;the amount such Holder would receive if all shares of
the applicable series of preferred stock were converted to common stock immediately prior to such Liquidation Event, or (C)&nbsp;such
lesser amount as may be approved by the holders of the majority of the outstanding shares of Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m
preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, voting together as a single class. If upon the
Liquidation Event, the assets of the Company legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock,
the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock are insufficient to permit
the payment to such holders of the full amounts specified in the certificate of incorporation, then the entire assets of the Company
legally available for distribution shall be distributed with equal priority and pro rata among the holders of the Series&nbsp;B preferred
stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock in proportion to
the full amounts they would otherwise be entitled to receive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The holders of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock
are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of common stock
by reason of their ownership of such stock, an amount per share for each share of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock held by them equal
to the greater of (A): the sum of (i)&nbsp;the Liquidation Preference specified for such share of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock and
(ii)&nbsp;all declared but unpaid dividends (if any) on such share of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock, or (B)&nbsp;the amount such Holder
would receive if all shares of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock were converted to common stock immediately prior to such Liquidation Event,
or (C)&nbsp;such lesser amount as may be approved by the holders of the majority of the outstanding shares of Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred
stock. If upon a Liquidation Event, the assets of the Company legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series&nbsp;m-3
preferred stock are insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full amounts specified in the certificate of incorporation,
then the entire assets of the Corporation legally available for distribution shall be distributed with equal priority and pro rata among
the holders of the Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock in proportion to the full amounts they would otherwise be entitled to receive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">After payment of all liquidation preferences
to the holders of the preferred stock, as outlined below, all remaining assets of the Company legally available for distribution shall
be distributed pro rata to the holders of the common stock, without any participation in such liquidation by the preferred stock. The
certificate of incorporation explicitly requires that before any shares of preferred stock are converted into common stock, the relevant
holder&rsquo;s right to liquidation preference be surrendered, in order to prevent treatment of shares as both preferred stock and common
stock for the purpose of distributions of assets upon a Liquidation Event.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Super Voting Preferred Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company has authorized the issuance of three
other series of preferred stock. The series are designated Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, Series&nbsp;B preferred stock and Series&nbsp;m-2
preferred stock. Each series of Super Voting Preferred Stock contains substantially similar rights, preferences, and privileges, except
as described below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Dividend Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In any calendar year, the holders of outstanding
shares of preferred stock are entitled to receive dividends, when, as and if declared by the board of directors, out of any assets at
the time legally available therefor, at the dividend rate specified for such shares of preferred stock payable in preference and priority
to any declaration or payment of any distribution on common stock of the Company in such calendar year. Except dividends to Series&nbsp;m-4
preferred stock specified above, the right to receive dividends on shares of preferred stock is not cumulative, and no right to dividends
shall accrue to holders of preferred stock by reason of the fact that dividends on said shares are not declared or paid.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">No distributions shall be made with respect to
the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred
stock, the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, Series&nbsp;A preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock unless dividends on the
Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock have been declared in accordance with the preferences stated in the certificate of incorporation and
all declared or accrued dividends on the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock have been paid or set aside for payment to the Series&nbsp;m-4
preferred stock holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">No distributions shall be made with respect to
the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred
stock, Series&nbsp;A preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock unless dividends on the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock have been
declared in accordance with the preferences stated in the certificate of incorporation and all declared dividends on the Series&nbsp;S
preferred stock have been paid or set aside for payment to the Series&nbsp;S preferred stock holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">No distributions shall be made with respect to
the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock unless dividends on the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m
preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock have been declared in accordance with the
preferences stated in the certificate of incorporation and all declared dividends on the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m
preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock have been paid or set aside for payment
to the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock holders, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock holders, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock holders
and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock holders, as applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">No Distributions shall be made with respect to
the Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock unless dividends on the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock have been declared in accordance with the preferences
stated in the certificate of incorporation and all declared dividends on the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock have been paid or set aside
for payment to the Series&nbsp;A preferred stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">No Distributions shall be made with respect to
the common stock unless dividends on the Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock have been declared in accordance with the preferences stated
in the certificate of incorporation and all declared dividends on the Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock have been paid or set aside for
payment to the Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Conversion Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Shares of preferred stock are convertible, at
the option of the holder, at any time, into fully-paid nonassessable shares of the Company&rsquo;s Class&nbsp;A common stock or Class&nbsp;B
common stock at the then-applicable conversion rate. Any shares of Super Voting Preferred Stock shall be convertible to shares of the
Company&rsquo;s Class&nbsp;B common stock. Any share of preferred stock convertible to shares of Class&nbsp;B common stock that has been
transferred for any reason other than for tax planning purposes and certain other limited exceptions, as outlined in the Company&rsquo;s
certificate of incorporation, shall become convertible into shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock. The conversion rate is subject to anti-dilution
protective provisions that will be applied to adjust the number of shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock or Class&nbsp;B common stock,
as applicable, issuable upon conversion of the shares of the respective series of preferred stock. At the date of this prospectus, the
conversion rate for both the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock is one share of Class&nbsp;A common
stock or Class&nbsp;B common stock, as applicable, per one share of preferred stock. The initial conversion rate for the conversion of
the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock initially was 1:1.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Additionally, each share of preferred stock will
automatically convert into Class&nbsp;A common stock or Class&nbsp;B common stock, as applicable, (i)&nbsp;immediately prior to the closing
of a firm commitment underwritten public offering, registered under the Securities Act, (ii)&nbsp;with respect to preferred stock other
than the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, upon the receipt by the Company of a written request for such conversion from the holders of
a majority of the preferred stock other than the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock then outstanding (voting as a single class and on an
as-converted basis), or (iii)&nbsp;with respect to the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock, upon the receipt by the Company of a written
request for such conversion from the holders of a majority of the Series&nbsp;m-4 preferred stock then outstanding. The stock will convert
in the same manner as a voluntary conversion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Voting Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each holder of preferred stock is entitled to
that number of votes equal to the number of votes of shares of Class&nbsp;A common stock or Class&nbsp;B common stock, as applicable,
into which such shares are convertible. This means that holders of Super Voting Preferred Stock shall be entitled to ten votes for each
share held. Fractional votes are not permitted and if the conversion results in a fractional share, it will be disregarded. Holders of
preferred stock are entitled to vote on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, including the election of directors, as
a single class with the holders of common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Preemptive Rights</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company previously granted an investor in
a preferred stock financing the right to invest up to their pro rata share ownership in future offerings of securities of the Company.
The investor converted their securities to Class&nbsp;A common stock in early 2022, and as a result, the preemptive rights terminated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Right to Receive Liquidation Distribution</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In the event of a Liquidation Event, the holders
of the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2
preferred stock shall be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the
holders of the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock or common stock by reason of their ownership of such stock,
an amount per share for each share of Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred
stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock held by them equal to the greater of: (A)&nbsp;the sum of (i)&nbsp;the Liquidation Preference
specified for such share of Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-2
preferred stock, as applicable, and (ii)&nbsp;all declared but unpaid dividends (if any) on such share of Series&nbsp;B preferred stock,
Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock or Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock, as applicable, or (B)&nbsp;the amount
such Holder would receive if all shares of the applicable series of preferred stock were converted to common stock immediately prior
to such Liquidation Event, or (C)&nbsp;such lesser amount as may be approved by the holders of the majority of the outstanding shares
of Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and Series&nbsp;m-2 preferred stock,
voting together as a single class. If upon the Liquidation Event, the assets of the Company legally available for distribution to the
holders of the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2
preferred stock are insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full amounts specified in the certificate of incorporation,
then the entire assets of the Company legally available for distribution shall be distributed with equal priority and pro rata among
the holders of the Series&nbsp;B preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m preferred stock, the Series&nbsp;m-1 preferred stock and the Series&nbsp;m-2
preferred stock in proportion to the full amounts they would otherwise be entitled to receive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The holders of Series&nbsp;A preferred stock
are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of common stock
or Series&nbsp;m-3 preferred stock by reason of their ownership of such stock, an amount per share for each share of Series&nbsp;A preferred
stock held by them equal to the greater of: (A)&nbsp;the sum of (i)&nbsp;the Liquidation Preference specified for such share of Series&nbsp;A
preferred stock and (ii)&nbsp;all declared but unpaid dividends (if any) on such share of Series&nbsp;A preferred stock, or (B)&nbsp;the
amount such Holder would receive if all shares of Series&nbsp;A preferred stock were converted to common stock immediately prior to such
Liquidation Event, or (C)&nbsp;such lesser amount as may be approved by the holders of the majority of the outstanding shares of Series&nbsp;A
preferred stock. If upon a Liquidation Event, the assets of the Company legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series&nbsp;A
preferred stock are insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full amounts specified in the certificate of incorporation,
then the entire assets of the Company legally available for distribution shall be distributed with equal priority and pro rata among
the holders of the Series&nbsp;A preferred stock in proportion to the full amounts they would otherwise be entitled to receive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">After payment of all liquidation preferences
to the holders of preferred stock, as outlined above, all remaining assets of the Company legally available for distribution shall be
distributed pro rata to the holders of the common stock, without any participation in such liquidation by the preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The certificate of incorporation explicitly requires
that before any shares of preferred stock are converted into common stock, the relevant holder&rsquo;s right to liquidation preference
be surrendered, in order to prevent treatment of shares as both preferred stock and common stock for the purpose of distributions of
assets upon a Liquidation Event.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Transfer Agent and Registrar</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our transfer agent and registrar for our Class&nbsp;A
common stock is Computershare Trust Company, N.A.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Listing</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Our Class&nbsp;A common stock is listed on The
Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol &ldquo;KSCP.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_007"></A>DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We may issue debt securities, in one or more
series, as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. While the terms we have summarized below
will apply generally to any debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any debt
securities that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any debt securities offered under a
prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. Unless the context requires otherwise, whenever we refer to the indentures,
we also are referring to any supplemental indentures that specify the terms of a particular series of debt securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We will issue the senior debt securities under
the senior indenture that we will enter into with the trustee named in the senior indenture. We will issue the subordinated debt securities
under the subordinated indenture that we will enter into with the trustee named in the subordinated indenture. The indentures will be
qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the &ldquo;TIA&rdquo;). We use the term &ldquo;debenture trustee&rdquo;
to refer to either the trustee under the senior indenture or the trustee under the subordinated indenture, as applicable. We have filed
forms of indentures as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and supplemental indentures and forms
of debt securities containing the terms of the debt securities being offered will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement
of which this prospectus is a part or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The following summaries of material provisions
of the senior debt securities, the subordinated debt securities and the indentures are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by
reference to, all of the provisions of the indenture applicable to a particular series of debt securities. We urge you to read the applicable
prospectus supplements and any related free writing prospectuses related to the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus,
as well as the complete indentures that contain the terms of the debt securities. Except as we may otherwise indicate, the terms of the
senior indenture and the subordinated indenture are identical.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>General</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We will describe in the applicable prospectus
supplement the terms of the series of debt securities being offered, including:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the title;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the principal amount
                                            being offered, and if a series, the total amount authorized and the total amount outstanding;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>any limit on the amount
                                            that may be issued;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>whether or not we
                                            will issue the series of debt securities in global form, the terms and who the depositary
                                            will be;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the maturity date;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>whether and under
                                            what circumstances, if any, we will pay additional amounts on any debt securities held by
                                            a person who is not a U.S. person for tax purposes, and whether we can redeem the debt securities
                                            if we have to pay such additional amounts;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the annual interest
                                            rate, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the rate and the date
                                            interest will begin to accrue, the dates interest will be payable and the regular record
                                            dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>whether or not the
                                            debt securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the terms of the subordination
                                            of any series of subordinated debt;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the place where payments
                                            will be payable;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>restrictions on transfer,
                                            sale or other assignment, if any;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our right, if any,
                                            to defer payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the date, if any,
                                            after which, and the price at which, we may, at our option, redeem the series of debt securities
                                            pursuant to any optional or provisional redemption provisions and the terms of those redemption
                                            provisions;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the date, if any,
                                            on which, and the price at which we are obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund
                                            or analogous fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the holder&rsquo;s option to
                                            purchase, the series of debt securities and the currency or currency unit in which the debt
                                            securities are payable;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>whether the indenture
                                            will restrict our ability and/or the ability of our subsidiaries to:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">o</FONT></TD><TD>incur
                                            additional indebtedness;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">o</FONT></TD><TD>issue
                                            additional securities;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">o</FONT></TD><TD>create
                                            liens;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">o</FONT></TD><TD>pay
                                            dividends and make distributions in respect of our capital stock and/or the capital stock
                                            of our subsidiaries;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">o</FONT></TD><TD>redeem
                                            capital stock;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">o</FONT></TD><TD>make
                                            investments or other restricted payments;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">o</FONT></TD><TD>sell,
                                            transfer or otherwise dispose of assets;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">o</FONT></TD><TD>enter
                                            into sale-leaseback transactions;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">o</FONT></TD><TD>engage
                                            in transactions with stockholders and affiliates;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">o</FONT></TD><TD>issue
                                            or sell stock of our subsidiaries; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">o</FONT></TD><TD>effect
                                            a consolidation or merger;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>whether the indenture
                                            will require us to maintain any interest coverage, fixed charge, cash flow-based, asset-based
                                            or other financial ratios;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>a discussion of certain
                                            material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the debt securities;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>information describing
                                            any book-entry features;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>provisions for a sinking
                                            fund purchase or other analogous fund, if any;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the applicability
                                            of the provisions in the indenture on discharge;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>whether the debt securities
                                            are to be offered at a price such that they will be deemed to be offered at an &ldquo;original
                                            issue discount&rdquo; as defined in paragraph (a)&nbsp;of Section&nbsp;1273 of the Internal
                                            Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the denominations
                                            in which we will issue the series of debt securities, if other than denominations of $1,000
                                            and any integral multiple thereof;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the currency of payment
                                            of debt securities if other than U.S. dollars and the manner of determining the equivalent
                                            amount in U.S. dollars;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>any other specific
                                            terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the debt securities, including
                                            any additional events of default or covenants provided with respect to the debt securities,
                                            and any terms that may be required by us or advisable under applicable laws or regulations;
                                            and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>any other terms which
                                            shall not be inconsistent with the indentures.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The notes may be issued as original issue discount
securities. An original issue discount security is a note, including any zero coupon note, which:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>is issued at a price
                                            lower than the amount payable upon its stated maturity; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>provides that upon
                                            redemption or acceleration of the maturity, an amount less than the amount payable upon the
                                            stated maturity, shall become due and payable.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">U.S. federal income tax consequences applicable
to notes sold at an original issue discount will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. In addition, U.S. federal income
tax or other consequences applicable to any notes which are denominated in a currency or currency unit other than U.S. dollars may be
described in the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Under the indentures, we will have the ability,
in addition to the ability to issue notes with terms different from those of notes previously issued, without the consent of the holders,
to reopen a previous issue of a series of notes and issue additional notes of that series, unless the reopening was restricted when the
series was created, in an aggregate principal amount determined by us.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Conversion or Exchange Rights</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We will set forth in the prospectus supplement
the terms on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or our other securities.
We will include provisions as to whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option. We may include
provisions pursuant to which the number of shares of our common stock or our other securities that the holders of the series of debt
securities receive would be subject to adjustment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Consolidation, Merger or Sale</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus
supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the indentures will not contain any covenant that restricts our ability
to merge or consolidate, or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. However, any successor
to or acquiror of such assets must assume all of our obligations under the indentures or the debt securities, as appropriate. If the
debt securities are convertible into or exchangeable for our other securities or securities of other entities, the person with whom we
consolidate or merge or to whom we sell all of our property must make provisions for the conversion of the debt securities into securities
that the holders of the debt securities would have received if they had converted the debt securities before the consolidation, merger
or sale.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Events of Default Under the Indentures</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus
supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the following are events of default under the indentures with respect
to any series of debt securities that we may issue:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>if we fail to pay
                                            interest when due and payable and our failure continues for 90 days and the time for payment
                                            has not been extended or deferred;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>if we fail to pay
                                            the principal, premium or sinking fund payment, if any, when due and payable and the time
                                            for payment has not been extended or delayed;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>if we fail to observe
                                            or perform any other covenant contained in the debt securities or the indentures, other than
                                            a covenant specifically relating to another series of debt securities, and our failure continues
                                            for 90 days after we receive notice from the debenture trustee or holders of at least 25%
                                            in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the applicable series;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>if specified events
                                            of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>any other event of
                                            default described in the applicable prospectus supplement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">If an event of default with respect to debt securities
of any series occurs and is continuing, other than an event of default specified in the second to last bullet point above, the debenture
trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, by notice to
us in writing, and to the debenture trustee if notice is given by such holders, may declare the unpaid principal of, premium, if any,
and accrued interest, if any, due and payable immediately. If an event of default results from the occurrence of a specified event of
bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization with respect to us, the principal amount of and accrued interest, if any, of each issue of debt
securities then outstanding shall be due and payable without any notice or other action on the part of the debenture trustee or any holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The holders of a majority in principal amount
of the outstanding debt securities of an affected series may waive any default or event of default with respect to the series and its
consequences, except defaults or events of default regarding payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest, unless we have cured
the default or event of default in accordance with the indenture. Any such waiver shall cure the default or event of default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Subject to the terms of the applicable indenture,
if an event of default under an indenture shall occur and be continuing, the debenture trustee will be under no obligation to exercise
any of its rights or powers under such indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the applicable series of debt securities,
unless such holders have offered the debenture trustee reasonable indemnity. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding
debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available
to the debenture trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the debenture trustee, with respect to the debt securities of
that series, provided that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the direction so given
                                            by the holders is not in conflict with any law or the applicable indenture; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>subject to its duties
                                            under the TIA, the debenture trustee need not take any action that might involve it in personal
                                            liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the holders not involved in the proceeding.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">A holder of the debt securities of any series
will have the right to institute a proceeding under an indenture or to appoint a receiver or trustee, or to seek other remedies only
if:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the holder has given
                                            written notice to the debenture trustee of a continuing event of default with respect to
                                            that series;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the holders of at
                                            least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series
                                            have made written request, and such holders have offered reasonable indemnity to the debenture
                                            trustee to institute the proceeding as trustee; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the debenture trustee
                                            does not institute the proceeding, and does not receive from the holders of a majority in
                                            aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series other conflicting
                                            directions within 60 days after the notice, request and offer.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">These limitations do not apply to a suit instituted
by a holder of debt securities if we default in the payment of the principal, premium, if any, or accrued interest on, the debt securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We will periodically file statements with the
debenture trustee regarding our compliance with specified covenants in the indentures.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Modification of Indenture; Waiver</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We and the debenture trustee may change an indenture
without the consent of any holders with respect to specific matters:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>to fix any ambiguity,
                                            defect or inconsistency in the indenture;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>to comply with the
                                            provisions described above under the heading &ldquo;Description of Debt Securities&mdash;Consolidation,
                                            Merger or Sale;&rdquo;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>to comply with any
                                            requirements of the SEC in connection with the qualification of any indenture under the TIA;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>to add to, delete
                                            from or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms,
                                            or purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of debt securities, as set forth in such
                                            indenture;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>to provide for the
                                            issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of the debt securities of any
                                            series as provided under the heading &ldquo;Description of Debt Securities&mdash;General,&rdquo;
                                            to establish the form of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms
                                            of an indenture or any series of debt securities, or to add to the rights of the holders
                                            of any series of debt securities;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>to evidence and provide
                                            for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor trustee;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>to provide for uncertificated
                                            debt securities in addition to or in place of certificated debt securities and to make all
                                            appropriate changes for such purpose;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>to add to our covenants
                                            such new covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for the protection of the holders,
                                            and to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance, of a default in any such
                                            additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an event of default; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>to change anything
                                            that does not materially adversely affect the interests of any holder of debt securities
                                            of any series; provided that any amendment made solely to conform the provisions of the indenture
                                            to the corresponding description of the debt securities contained in the applicable prospectus
                                            or prospectus supplement shall be deemed not to adversely affect the interests of the holders
                                            of such debt securities.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In addition, under the indentures, the rights
of holders of a series of debt securities may be changed by us and the debenture trustee with the written consent of the holders of at
least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series that is affected. However, unless we
provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, we and the debenture trustee may
make the following changes only with the consent of each holder of any outstanding debt securities affected:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>extending the fixed
                                            maturity of the series of debt securities;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>reducing the principal
                                            amount, reducing the rate of or extending the time of payment of interest, or reducing any
                                            premium payable upon the redemption of any debt securities;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>reducing the percentage
                                            of debt securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any amendment, supplement,
                                            modification or waiver of the applicable indenture or notes or for waiver of compliance with
                                            certain provisions of the applicable indenture or for waiver of certain defaults;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>changing any of our
                                            obligations to pay additional amounts;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>reducing the amount
                                            of principal of an original issue discount security or any other note payable upon acceleration
                                            of the maturity thereof;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>changing the currency
                                            in which any note or any premium or interest is payable;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>impairing the right
                                            to enforce any payment on or with respect to any note;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>adversely changing
                                            the right to convert or exchange, including decreasing the conversion rate or increasing
                                            the conversion price of, such note, if applicable;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>in the case of the
                                            subordinated indenture, modifying the subordination provisions in a manner adverse to the
                                            holders of the subordinated notes;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>if the notes are secured,
                                            changing the terms and conditions pursuant to which the notes are secured in a manner adverse
                                            to the holders of the secured notes;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>reducing the requirements
                                            contained in the applicable indenture for quorum or voting;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>changing any of our
                                            obligations to maintain an office or agency in the places and for the purposes required by
                                            the indentures; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>modifying any of the
                                            above provisions set forth in this paragraph.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Discharge</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Each indenture provides that we can elect to
be discharged from our obligations with respect to one or more series of debt securities, except for specified obligations, including
obligations to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>register the transfer
                                            or exchange of debt securities of the series;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>replace stolen, lost
                                            or mutilated debt securities of the series;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>maintain paying agencies;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>hold monies for payment
                                            in trust;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>recover excess money
                                            held by the debenture trustee;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>compensate and indemnify
                                            the debenture trustee; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>appoint any successor
                                            trustee.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">In order to exercise our rights to be discharged,
we must deposit with the debenture trustee money or government obligations sufficient to pay all the principal of, the premium, if any,
and interest on, the debt securities of the series on the dates payments are due.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Form, Exchange and Transfer</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We will issue the debt securities of each series
only in fully registered form without coupons and, unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, in denominations
of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. The indentures provide that we may issue debt securities of a series in temporary or permanent
global form and as book-entry securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company (&ldquo;DTC&rdquo;)
or another depositary named by us and identified in a prospectus supplement with respect to that series. See the section entitled &ldquo;Legal
Ownership of Securities&rdquo; for a further description of the terms relating to any book-entry securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">At the option of the holder, subject to the terms
of the indentures and the limitations applicable to global securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the holder of
the debt securities of any series can exchange the debt securities for other debt securities of the same series, in any authorized denomination
and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Subject to the terms of the indentures and the
limitations applicable to global securities set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the debt securities may present
the debt securities for exchange or for registration of transfer, duly endorsed or with the form of transfer endorsed thereon duly executed
if so required by us or the security registrar, at the office of the security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated
by us for this purpose. Unless otherwise provided in the debt securities that the holder presents for transfer or exchange, we will impose
no service charge for any registration of transfer or exchange, but we may require payment of any taxes or other governmental charges.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement
the security registrar, and any transfer agent in addition to the security registrar, that we initially designate for any debt securities.
We may at any time designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation of any transfer agent or approve a change in the office
through which any transfer agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the
debt securities of each series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">If we elect to redeem the debt securities of
any series, we will not be required to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>issue, register the
                                            transfer of, or exchange any debt securities of that series during a period beginning at
                                            the opening of business 15 days before the day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any
                                            debt securities that may be selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on
                                            the day of the mailing; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>register the transfer
                                            of or exchange any debt securities so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, except
                                            the unredeemed portion of any debt securities we are redeeming in part.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Information Concerning the Debenture Trustee</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The debenture trustee, other than during the
occurrence and continuance of an event of default under an indenture, undertakes to perform only those duties as are specifically set
forth in the applicable indenture. Upon an event of default under an indenture, the debenture trustee must use the same degree of care
as a prudent person would exercise or use in the conduct of his or her own affairs. Subject to this provision, the debenture trustee
is under no obligation to exercise any of the powers given to it by the indentures at the request of any holder of debt securities unless
it is offered reasonable security and indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that it might incur.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Payment and Paying Agents</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable
prospectus supplement, we will make payment of the interest on any debt securities on any interest payment date to the person in whose
name the debt securities, or one or more predecessor securities, are registered at the close of business on the regular record date for
the interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We will pay principal of, and any premium and
interest on, the debt securities of a particular series at the office of the paying agents designated by us, except that unless we otherwise
indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make interest payments by check that we will mail to the holder or by wire
transfer to certain holders. Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will designate the corporate trust
office of the debenture trustee in the City of New York as our sole paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities of each
series. We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any other paying agents that we initially designate for the debt securities
of a particular series. We will maintain a paying agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of a particular series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">All money we pay to a paying agent or the debenture
trustee for the payment of the principal of, or any premium or interest on, any debt securities that remains unclaimed at the end of
two years after such principal, premium or interest has become due and payable will be repaid to us, and the holder of the debt security
thereafter may look only to us for payment thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Governing Law</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The indentures and the debt securities will be
governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, except to the extent that the TIA is applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Subordination of Subordinated Debt Securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The subordinated debt securities will be unsecured
and will be subordinate and junior in priority of payment to certain of our other indebtedness to the extent described in a prospectus
supplement. The subordinated indenture does not limit the amount of subordinated debt securities that we may issue, nor does it limit
us from issuing any other secured or unsecured debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_008"></A>DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may issue warrants for the purchase of debt securities, common stock, preferred stock or other securities. Warrants may be issued independently
or together with debt securities, common stock, preferred stock or other securities offered by any prospectus supplement and may be attached
to or separate from any such offered securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered
into between us and a bank or trust company, as warrant agent, all as will be set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the
particular issue of warrants. The warrant agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the warrants and will not assume any
obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders of warrants or beneficial owners of warrants. The summary of the
terms of the warrants </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">contained in this prospectus </FONT>is not complete
and is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety to, all provisions of the applicable warrant agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white">Reference is made to
the prospectus supplement relating to the particular issue of warrants offered pursuant to such prospectus supplement for the terms of
and information relating to such warrants, including, where applicable:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
                                            specific designation and aggregate number of, and the offering price at which we will issue,
                                            the warrants;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
                                            currency or currency units in which the offering price, if any, and the exercise price are
                                            payable;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
                                            date on which the right to exercise the warrants will begin and the date on which that right
                                            will expire or, if you may not continuously exercise the warrants throughout that period,
                                            the specific date or dates on which you may exercise the warrants;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">whether
                                            the warrants are to be sold separately or with other securities as parts of units;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">whether
                                            the warrants will be issued in definitive or global form or in any combination of these forms,
                                            although, in any case, the form of a warrant included in a unit will correspond to the form
                                            of the unit and of any security included in that unit;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">a
                                            discussion of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the warrants;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
                                            identity of the warrant agent for the warrants and of any other depositaries, execution or
                                            paying agents, transfer agents, registrars or other agents;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
                                            proposed listing, if any, of the warrants or any securities purchasable upon exercise of
                                            the warrants on any securities exchange;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
                                            designation and terms of any equity securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
                                            designation, aggregate principal amount, currency and terms of any debt securities that may
                                            be purchased upon exercise of the warrants;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">if
                                            applicable, the designation and terms of the debt securities, preferred stock or common stock
                                            with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each security;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">if
                                            applicable, the date from and after which any warrants issued as part of a unit and the related
                                            debt securities, preferred stock or common stock will be separately transferable;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
                                            number of shares of preferred stock or the number of shares of common stock purchasable upon
                                            exercise of a warrant and the price at which those shares may be purchased;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">if
                                            applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of the warrants that may be exercised at any one
                                            time;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">information
                                            with respect to book-entry procedures, if any;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
                                            antidilution provisions of, and other provisions for changes to or adjustment in the exercise
                                            price of, the warrants, if any;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">any
                                            redemption or call provisions; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">any
                                            additional terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to
                                            the exchange or exercise of the warrants.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_009"></A>DESCRIPTION OF UNITS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may, from time to time, issue units comprised of one or more of the other securities that may be offered under this prospectus, in any
combination. Each unit may also include debt obligations of third parties, such as U.S. Treasury securities. Each unit will be issued
so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights
and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities
included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately at any time, or at any time before a specified date or other specific
circumstances occur. The summary of the terms of the units </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">contained
in this prospectus </FONT>is not complete and is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by, all provisions of the applicable unit
agreements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white">Any prospectus supplement
related to any particular units will describe, among other things:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the material terms
                                            of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what
                                            circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>any material provisions
                                            relating to the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the
                                            securities comprising the units;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>if appropriate, a
                                            discussion of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the units;
                                            and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>any material provisions
                                            of the governing unit agreement that differ from those described above.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white">The applicable provisions
described in this section, as well as those described under &ldquo;Description of Capital Stock,&rdquo; &ldquo;Description of Debt Securities&rdquo;
and &ldquo;Description of Warrants,&rdquo; will apply to each unit and to each security included in each unit, respectively.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_010"></A>PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; text-align: left">We may sell the securities
being offered hereby:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>directly to one or
                                            more purchasers;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>through agents;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>through dealers;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>through underwriters;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>through a combination
                                            of any of the above methods of sale; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>through any other
                                            methods described in a prospectus supplement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; text-align: left">We will identify the specific
plan of distribution, including any direct purchasers, agents, dealers, underwriters and, if applicable, their compensation, the purchase
price, the net proceeds to us, the public offering price, and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers, in
a prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; text-align: left">The distribution of securities
may be effected, from time to time, in one or more transactions, including block transactions, at-the-market offerings and transactions
on The Nasdaq Global Market or any other organized market where the securities may be traded. The securities may be sold at a fixed price
or prices, which may be changed, or at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices relating to the prevailing market prices
or at negotiated prices. The consideration may be cash or another form negotiated by the parties. Agents, underwriters or broker-dealers
may be paid compensation for offering and selling the securities. That compensation may be in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions
to be received from us or from the purchasers of the securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; text-align: left">Offers to purchase the securities
may be solicited directly by us or by agents designated by us from time to time. We will, in the prospectus supplement relating to an
offering, name any agent that could be viewed as an underwriter under the Securities Act and describe any commissions we must pay. Any
such agent will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment or, if indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement,
on a firm commitment basis.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; text-align: left">If a dealer is utilized in
the sale of the securities in respect of which this prospectus is delivered, we will sell the securities to the dealer, as principal.
The dealer, which may be deemed to be an underwriter as that term is defined in the Securities Act, may then resell the securities to
the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale. Dealer trading may take place in certain of the securities,
including securities not listed on any securities exchange.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; text-align: left">If an underwriter or underwriters
are utilized in the sale, we will execute an underwriting agreement with the underwriters at the time of sale to them and the names of
the underwriters will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, which will be used by the underwriters to make resales of
the securities in respect of which this prospectus is delivered to the public. The obligations of underwriters to purchase securities
will be subject to certain conditions precedent and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the securities of a series
if any are purchased.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; text-align: left">We may directly solicit offers
to purchase the securities and we may make sales of securities directly to institutional investors or others. These persons may be deemed
to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any resale of the securities. To the extent required, the
prospectus supplement will describe the terms of any such sales, including the terms of any bidding or auction process, if used.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; text-align: left">Underwriters, dealers, agents
and other persons may be entitled, under agreements that may be entered into with us, to indemnification against certain civil liabilities,
including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribution with respect to payments that they may be required to make in respect
thereof. Underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us in the ordinary course of business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; text-align: left">Any person participating in
the distribution of Class&nbsp;A common stock registered under the registration statement that includes this prospectus will be subject
to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act and the applicable SEC rules&nbsp;and regulations, including, among others, Regulation M,
which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of our Class&nbsp;A common stock by any such person. Furthermore, Regulation M may
restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of our Class&nbsp;A common stock to engage in market-making activities
with respect to our Class&nbsp;A common stock. These restrictions may affect the marketability of our Class&nbsp;A common stock and the
ability of any person or entity to engage in market-making activities with respect to our Class&nbsp;A common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in; text-align: left">In order to facilitate the
offering of the securities, any underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the
securities or any other securities the prices of which may be used to determine payments on such securities. Specifically, any underwriters
may overallot in connection with the offering, creating a short position for their own accounts. In addition, to cover overallotments
or to stabilize the price of the securities or of any such other securities, the underwriters may bid for, and purchase, the securities
or any such other securities in the open market. Finally, in any offering of the securities through a syndicate of underwriters, the
underwriting syndicate may reclaim selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a dealer for distributing the securities in the offering
if the syndicate repurchases previously distributed securities in transactions to cover syndicate short positions, in stabilization transactions
or otherwise. Any of these activities may stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities above independent market levels. Any
such underwriters are not required to engage in these activities and may end any of these activities at any time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_011"></A>LEGAL MATTERS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Unless the applicable prospectus supplement indicates
otherwise, the validity of the securities offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Perkins Coie LLP.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_012"></A>EXPERTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
financial statements of Knightscope,&nbsp;Inc. as of December&nbsp;31, 2021 and 2020 and for each of the two years in the period ended
December&nbsp;31, 2021 incorporated in this prospectus by reference to the </FONT><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000141057822000800/tmb-20211231x10k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021</A>, have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of BPM LLP, an independent
registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
financial statements of CASE Emergency Systems as of and for the year ended December&nbsp;31, 2021 incorporated in this Registration
Statement on Form&nbsp;S-3 by reference to the Company&rsquo;s </FONT><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922130564/tm2233471d1_8ka.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Current
Report on Form&nbsp;8-K/A, filed with the SEC on December 28, 2022</A>, have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cashuk,
Wiseman, Goldberg, Birnbaum and Salem, LLP</FONT>, an independent accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in
auditing and accounting<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_013"></A>WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE
INFORMATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We have filed with the SEC a registration statement
on Form&nbsp;S-3 under the Securities Act with respect to the securities being offered hereby. This prospectus, which constitutes a part
of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement or the exhibits and schedules
filed therewith. For further information about us and the securities offered hereby, we refer you to the registration statement and the
exhibits filed thereto. Statements contained in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement regarding the contents of any contract or
any other document that is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement are not necessarily complete, and each such statement is
qualified in all respects by reference to the full text of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">We file annual, quarterly and current reports,
proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available free of charge over the Internet at the SEC&rsquo;s
web site at www.sec.gov. Our filings with the SEC are also available free of charge on our website at www.knightscope.com. The information
contained in, or that can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement
and you should not consider it a part of this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement. The prospectus included in this filing
is part of a registration statement filed by us with the SEC. The full registration statement can be obtained from the SEC, as indicated
above, or from us.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="A_014"></A>INFORMATION INCORPORATED
BY REFERENCE</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
SEC allows us to &ldquo;incorporate by reference&rdquo; the information we file with them, which means that we can disclose important
information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus
and any accompanying prospectus supplement, and later information filed with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information.
We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and all documents subsequently filed with the SEC pursuant to Sections&nbsp;13(a),
13(c), 14 or 15(d)&nbsp;of the Exchange Act, prior to the termination of the offering under this prospectus and any prospectus supplement
(other than information deemed furnished and not filed in accordance with SEC rules, including Items&nbsp;2.02 and 7.01 of Form&nbsp;8-K)</FONT>:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000141057822000800/tmb-20211231x10k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Annual
                                            Report on Form&nbsp;10-K for the year ended December&nbsp;31, 2021</A>, filed with the SEC
                                            on March&nbsp;31, 2022;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922054693/tm2213974-1_def14a.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Definitive
                                            Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A relating to our 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders</A>,
                                            filed with the SEC on May&nbsp;2, 2022;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465923005623/tm233352-2_def14c.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Definitive
                                            Information Statement on Schedule 14C</A>, filed with the SEC on January&nbsp;23, 2023;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our Quarterly Reports
                                            on Form&nbsp;10-Q for the quarterly periods ended <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000141057822001693/tmb-20220331x10q.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">March
                                            31, 2022</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000141057822002618/tmb-20220630x10q.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">June
                                            30, 2022</A> and <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000141057822003412/tmb-20220930x10q.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">September
                                            30, 2022</A>, filed with the SEC on May&nbsp;16, 2022, August&nbsp;15, 2022 and November&nbsp;14,
                                            2022, respectively;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our Current Reports
                                            on Form&nbsp;8-K filed with the SEC on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922021095/tm226083d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">February
                                            14, 2022</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922042890/tm2211434d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">April
                                            6, 2022</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922045114/tm2212514d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">April
                                            12, 2022</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922075240/tm2219492d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">June
                                            28, 2022</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922107493/tm2227968d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">October
                                            11, 2022</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922110300/tm2228611d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">October
                                            20, 2022</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922130564/tm2233471d1_8ka.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">December
                                            28, 2022</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922131441/tm2233801d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">January
                                            3, 2023</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465923002244/tm232656d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">January
                                            9, 2023</A> and <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001600983/000110465923007577/tm234666d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">January
                                            27, 2023</A>, and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the description of
                                            our Class&nbsp;A common stock contained in our <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000110465922007278/tm224268d1_8a12b.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Registration
                                            Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on January 25, 2022</A> under Section&nbsp;12(b)&nbsp;of
                                            the Exchange Act, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such
                                            description (including <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1600983/000141057822000800/tmb-20211231xex4d1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Exhibit
                                            4.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the
                                            SEC on March 31, 2022</A>).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 51; Value: 1 -->
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Upon written or oral request, we will provide
to you, without charge, a copy of any or all of the documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus but not delivered
with the prospectus, including exhibits which are specifically incorporated by reference into such documents. Requests should be directed
to: Knightscope,&nbsp;Inc., Attention: Investor Relations, 1070 Terra Bella Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043, telephone (650)
924-1025.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 3pt; width: 100%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 2pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><IMG SRC="tm2323635d1_424b5img01.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Knightscope,&nbsp;Inc.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Up to $25,000,000</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Class&nbsp;A Common Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PROSPECTUS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 14pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>H.C.&nbsp;Wainwright&nbsp;&amp; Co.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">August 18, 2023</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
