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Investments
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2017
Investments [Abstract]  
Investments
Note 3. 
 Investments

The following tables set forth the carrying value, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and cost or amortized cost of the Company's investments, aggregated by type and industry, as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
 
Investments were comprised of the following:
 
  
June 30, 2017
 
  
Carrying
 Value
  
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  
Cost or
Amortized
 Cost
 
Fixed maturities:
            
Bonds:
            
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities
 
$
31,131
  
$
239
  
$
383
  
$
31,275
 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
  
17,907
   
708
   
47
   
17,246
 
Corporate securities:
                
Utilities and telecom
  
20,235
   
1,643
   
34
   
18,626
 
Financial services
  
51,935
   
2,315
   
488
   
50,108
 
Other business – diversified
  
42,738
   
1,007
   
1,840
   
43,571
 
Other consumer – diversified
  
44,339
   
561
   
1,127
   
44,905
 
Total corporate securities
  
159,247
   
5,526
   
3,489
   
157,210
 
Redeemable preferred stocks:
                
Other consumer – diversified
  
192
   
-
   
-
   
192
 
Total redeemable preferred stocks
  
192
   
-
   
-
   
192
 
Total fixed maturities
  
208,477
   
6,473
   
3,919
   
205,923
 
Equity securities:                
Common and non-redeemable preferred stocks:
                
Utilities and telecom
  
1,340
   
376
   
-
   
964
 
Financial services
  
5,606
   
823
   
-
   
4,783
 
Other business – diversified
  
254
   
207
   
-
   
47
 
Other consumer – diversified
  
12,273
   
7,149
   
-
   
5,124
 
Total equity securities
  
19,473
   
8,555
   
-
   
10,918
 
Other invested assets
  
9,308
   
-
   
-
   
9,308
 
Policy loans
  
2,130
   
-
   
-
   
2,130
 
Real estate
  
38
   
-
   
-
   
38
 
Investments in unconsolidated trusts
  
1,238
   
-
   
-
   
1,238
 
Total investments
 
$
240,664
  
$
15,028
  
$
3,919
  
$
229,555
 
 
  
December 31, 2016
 
  
Carrying
Value
  
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
 
Fixed maturities:
            
Bonds:
            
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities
 
$
31,102
  
$
197
  
$
553
  
$
31,458
 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
  
17,572
   
625
   
308
   
17,255
 
Corporate securities:
                
Utilities and telecom
  
18,034
   
1,462
   
88
   
16,660
 
Financial services
  
57,282
   
1,880
   
911
   
56,313
 
Other business – diversified
  
57,419
   
1,071
   
2,337
   
58,685
 
Other consumer – diversified
  
29,069
   
471
   
1,344
   
29,942
 
Total corporate securities
  
161,804
   
4,884
   
4,680
   
161,600
 
Redeemable preferred stocks:
                
Other consumer – diversified
  
192
   
-
   
-
   
192
 
Total redeemable preferred stocks
  
192
   
-
   
-
   
192
 
Total fixed maturities
  
210,670
   
5,706
   
5,541
   
210,505
 
Equity securities:                
Common and non-redeemable preferred stocks:
                
Utilities and telecom
  
1,601
   
637
   
-
   
964
 
Financial services
  
5,402
   
574
   
-
   
4,828
 
Other business – diversified
  
244
   
197
   
-
   
47
 
Other consumer – diversified
  
13,010
   
7,396
   
-
   
5,614
 
Total equity securities
  
20,257
   
8,804
   
-
   
11,453
 
Other invested assets
  
9,709
   
-
   
-
   
9,709
 
Policy loans
  
2,265
   
-
   
-
   
2,265
 
Real estate
  
38
   
-
   
-
   
38
 
Investments in unconsolidated trusts
  
1,238
   
-
   
-
   
1,238
 
Total investments
 
$
244,177
  
$
14,510
  
$
5,541
  
$
235,208
 

Bonds having an amortized cost of $11,225 and $11,435 and included in the tables above were on deposit with insurance regulatory authorities at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, in accordance with statutory requirements.

The carrying value and amortized cost of the Company's investments in fixed maturities at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 by contractual maturity were as follows.  Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

  
June 30, 2017
  
December 31, 2016
 
  
Carrying
Value
  
Amortized
Cost
  
Carrying
Value
  
Amortized
Cost
 
Due in one year or less
 
$
1,425
  
$
1,417
  
$
2,544
  
$
2,507
 
Due after one year through five years
  
17,305
   
17,520
   
20,278
   
20,038
 
Due after five years through ten years
  
93,076
   
91,886
   
90,667
   
90,926
 
Due after ten years
  
77,645
   
75,941
   
80,099
   
79,627
 
Varying maturities
  
19,026
   
19,159
   
17,082
   
17,407
 
Totals
 
$
208,477
  
$
205,923
  
$
210,670
  
$
210,505
 
 
The following table sets forth the carrying value, cost or amortized cost, and net unrealized gains (losses) of the Company's investments aggregated by industry as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

  
June 30, 2017
  
December 31, 2016
 
  
Carrying
Value
  
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
  
Unrealized
Gains
(Losses)
  
Carrying
Value
  
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
  
Unrealized
Gains
(Losses)
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities
 
$
31,131
  
$
31,275
  
$
(144
)
 
$
31,102
  
$
31,458
  
$
(356
)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
  
17,907
   
17,246
   
661
   
17,572
   
17,255
   
317
 
Utilities and telecom
  
21,575
   
19,590
   
1,985
   
19,635
   
17,624
   
2,011
 
Financial services
  
57,541
   
54,891
   
2,650
   
62,684
   
61,141
   
1,543
 
Other business – diversified
  
42,992
   
43,618
   
(626
)
  
57,663
   
58,732
   
(1,069
)
Other consumer – diversified
  
56,804
   
50,221
   
6,583
   
42,271
   
35,748
   
6,523
 
Other investments
  
12,714
   
12,714
   
-
   
13,250
   
13,250
   
-
 
Investments
 
$
240,664
  
$
229,555
  
$
11,109
  
$
244,177
  
$
235,208
  
$
8,969
 

The following tables present the Company's unrealized loss aging for securities by type and length of time the security was in a continuous unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

  
June 30, 2017
 
  
Less than 12 months
  
12 months or longer
  
Total
 
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and      authorities
 
$
22,003
  
$
383
  
$
-
  
$
-
  
$
22,003
  
$
383
 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
  
4,980
   
47
   
-
   
-
   
4,980
   
47
 
Corporate securities
  
39,973
   
1,324
   
16,954
   
2,165
   
56,927
   
3,489
 
Total temporarily impaired securities
 
$
66,956
  
$
1,754
  
$
16,954
  
$
2,165
  
$
83,910
  
$
3,919
 

  
December 31, 2016
 
  
Less than 12 months
  
12 months or longer
  
Total
 
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and      authorities
 
$
23,494
  
$
553
  
$
-
  
$
-
  
$
23,494
  
$
553
 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
  
8,747
   
308
   
-
   
-
   
8,747
   
308
 
Corporate securities
  
59,404
   
2,124
   
20,587
   
2,556
   
79,991
   
4,680
 
Total temporarily impaired securities
 
$
91,645
  
$
2,985
  
$
20,587
  
$
2,556
  
$
112,232
  
$
5,541
 
 
The evaluation for an other than temporary impairment is a quantitative and qualitative process, which is subject to risks and uncertainties in the determination of whether declines in the fair value of investments are other than temporary. Potential risks and uncertainties include, among other things, changes in general economic conditions, an issuer's financial condition or near term recovery prospects and the effects of changes in interest rates. In evaluating a potential impairment, the Company considers, among other factors, management's intent and ability to hold the securities until price recovery, the nature of the investment and the expectation of prospects for the issuer and its industry, the status of an issuer's continued satisfaction of its obligations in accordance with their contractual terms, and management's expectation as to the issuer's ability and intent to continue to do so, as well as ratings actions that may affect the issuer's credit status.

As of June 30, 2017, there were sixty-one securities in an unrealized loss position which primarily included certain of the Company's investments in fixed maturities within the other diversified business, other diversified consumer and financial services sectors. Securities in an unrealized loss position reported in the other diversified business sector included gross unrealized losses of $1,292 related to investments in fixed maturities of six different issuers, all related to the oil and gas industry. The oil and gas companies represent a diversified group of businesses which include, among others, refiners, pipeline owners and operators, deep water offshore rig owners and operators, all of which we believe are in continuing stages of rationalizing their current operations, investments, future capital expenditures and carefully managing and modifying their capital and liquidity positions.  Based on publicly available information, the companies are continuing to assess and revise short-term, intermediate and long-term business plans in response to the current trends in oil and gas markets.  While these companies have generally experienced credit downgrades or may be currently under credit rating review, the Company believes that many of the downgrades are in response to external market forces and not necessarily specific credit events of any obligor which would currently indicate that an other than temporary impairment need be recorded.  All of the investees have continued to make regular interest payments on their debt when and as due and the Company continues to perform in-depth analyses of the publicly available financial disclosures of each of the investees on a regular basis.  The Company does not currently intend to sell nor does it expect to be required to sell any of the securities in an unrealized loss position. Based upon the Company's expected continuation of receipt of contractually required principal and interest payments and its intent and ability to retain the securities until price recovery, as well as the Company's evaluation of other relevant factors, including those described above, the Company has deemed these securities to be temporarily impaired as of June 30, 2017.

The following describes the fair value hierarchy and provides information as to the extent to which the Company uses fair value to measure the value of its financial instruments and information about the inputs used to value those financial instruments. The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs in the valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels.

Level 1
Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date. The Company's financial instruments valued using Level 1 criteria include cash equivalents and exchange traded common stocks.

Level 2
Observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, for an asset or liability or prices for similar assets or liabilities. The Company's financial instruments valued using Level 2 criteria include significantly all of its fixed maturities, which consist of U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Government securities, obligations of states and political subdivisions, and certain corporate fixed maturities, as well as its non-redeemable preferred stocks. In determining fair value measurements of its fixed maturities and non-redeemable preferred stocks using Level 2 criteria, the Company utilizes data from outside sources, including nationally recognized pricing services and broker/dealers.  Prices for the majority of the Company's Level 2 fixed maturities and non-redeemable preferred stocks were determined using unadjusted prices received from pricing services that utilize a matrix pricing concept, which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities based on various relationships to other benchmark quoted prices.

Level 3
Valuations that are derived from techniques in which one or more of the significant inputs are unobservable (including assumptions about risk).  Fair value is based on criteria that use assumptions or other data that are not readily observable from objective sources. The Company's financial instruments valued using Level 3 criteria consist of a limited number of fixed maturities. As of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the value of the Company's fixed maturities valued using Level 3 criteria was $1,332 and $1,264, respectively. The use of different criteria or assumptions regarding data may have yielded materially different valuations.
 
As of June 30, 2017, financial instruments carried at fair value were measured on a recurring basis as summarized below:

  
Quoted Prices
 in Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
  
Significant
Other
 Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
 Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
  
Total
 
Assets:
            
Fixed maturities
 
$
-
  
$
207,145
  
$
1,332
(1) 
 
$
208,477
 
Equity securities
  
14,098
   
5,375
(1)
 
-
   
19,473
 
Cash equivalents
  
12,644
   
-
   
-
   
12,644
 
Total
 
$
26,742
  
$
212,520
  
$
1,332
  
$
240,594
 

 (1)
All underlying securities are financial service industry related.

As of December 31, 2016, financial instruments carried at fair value were measured on a recurring basis as summarized below:

  
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
  
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
  
Total
 
Assets:
            
Fixed maturities
 
$
-
  
$
209,406
  
$
1,264
(1) 
 
$
210,670
 
Equity securities
  
15,153
   
5,104
(1) 
  
-
   
20,257
 
Cash equivalents
  
9,811
   
-
   
-
   
9,811
 
Total
 
$
24,964
  
$
214,510
  
$
1,264
  
$
240,738
 

(1)
All underlying securities are financial service industry related.

The following tables provide a roll-forward of the Company's financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three month and six month periods ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.

  
Fixed
Maturities
 
Balance, December 31, 2016
 
$
1,264
 
Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income
  
38
 
Balance, March 31, 2017
  
1,302
 
Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income
  
30
 
Balance, June 30, 2017
 
$
1,332
 

  
Fixed
Maturities
 
Balance, December 31, 2015
 
$
2,237
 
Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income
  
63
 
Balance, March 31, 2016
  
2,300
 
Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income
  
68
 
Balance, June 30, 2016
 
$
2,368
 
 
The Company's fixed maturities valued using Level 3 inputs consist solely of issuances of pooled debt obligations of multiple, smaller financial services companies. They are not actively traded and valuation techniques used to measure fair value are based on future estimated cash flows (based on current cash flows) discounted at reasonable estimated rates of interest.  There are no assumed prepayments and/or default probability assumptions as a majority of these instruments contain certain U.S. government agency strips to support repayment of the principal.  Other qualitative and quantitative information received from the original underwriter of the pooled offerings is also considered, as applicable.

The following table is a summary of realized investment gains (losses) for the three month and six month periods ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.

  
Three Months Ended
June 30,
  
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
  
2017
  
2016
  
2017
  
2016
 
Gross gains
 
$
1,409
  
$
132
  
$
2,340
  
$
954
 
Gross losses
  
(13
)
  
-
   
(61
)
  
(70
)
Realized investment gains, net
 
$
1,396
  
$
132
  
$
2,279
  
$
884