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SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

2.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

There have been no material changes to significant accounting policies disclosed in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Basis of Consolidation and Foreign Currency Translation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of CytoSorbents Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiaries, CytoSorbents Medical, Inc. and CytoSorbents Europe GmbH. In addition, the consolidated financial statements include CytoSorbents Switzerland GmbH, CytoSorbents Poland Sp. z.o.o., CytoSorbents Medical UK Limited and CytoSorbents France SAS, wholly owned subsidiaries of CytoSorbents Europe GmbH, and CytoSorbents UK Limited and CytoSorbents India Private Limited, wholly-owned subsidiaries of CytoSorbents Medical, Inc. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Sales and expenses denominated in foreign currencies are translated at average exchange rates in effect throughout the year. Assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated at period-end exchange rates with the impacts of foreign currency translation recorded in cumulative translation adjustment, a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Foreign currency transactions gains and losses are included in other income (loss), net in the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive loss.

Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company did not record any impairment charges. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company recorded impairment charges of approximately $0.3 million, related to the impairment of certain issued patents and pending patent applications in certain specific jurisdictions and the abandonment of certain pending patent application costs in the ordinary course of business. This charge is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Income Taxes

The Company has not recorded income tax expense or income tax benefit for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 due to the generation of net operating losses, the benefits of which have been fully reserved.

Deferred income taxes are accounted for using the balance sheet approach, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will not be realized. A full valuation allowance has been established on the deferred tax asset as it is more likely than not that a future tax benefit will not be realized. In addition, future utilization of the available net operating loss carryforward may be limited under Internal Revenue Code Section 382 as a result of changes in ownership.

The Company follows accounting standards associated with uncertain tax positions. The Company had no unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The Company is accounting for an uncertain tax position of approximately $2.2 million as of December 31, 2024. The Company files tax returns in the U.S. federal and state jurisdictions.

The Company utilizes the Technology Business Tax Certificate Transfer Program to sell a portion of its New Jersey Net Operating Loss carryforwards to an industrial company.

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company maintains cash balances, at times, with financial institutions in excess of amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). Through the IntraFi Network, the Company maintains an Insured Cash Sweep account whereby all cash held in the Company’s money market accounts is swept daily in increments of less than the FDIC insurance limit and deposited in a number of IntraFi’s network of 3,000 financial institutions. This arrangement provides FDIC insurance coverage for all of the cash balances held in the money market accounts, which represents all of the cash and cash equivalents held at Bridge Bank. This arrangement excludes the restricted cash balances. Management monitors the soundness of these institutions in an effort to minimize its collection risk of these balances.

A significant portion of the Company’s revenues is from product sales in Germany. Substantially all of the Company’s grant and other income is from government agencies in the United States.

As of June 30, 2025, no distributor or direct customers accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s outstanding grants and accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2024, one distributor accounted for approximately 19% of outstanding grants and accounts receivable. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, no distributor or direct customers accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue.

Shipping and Handling Costs

Total freight costs amounted to approximately $0.2 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $0.3 million and $0.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.