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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2015
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES

11.         INCOME TAXES

 

Our income tax expense aggregated $335,520 and $14,489 (amounting to 41% and 1,256% of our income before income taxes, respectively) for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Our income tax rate was unusually high during the first quarter of 2014 because the income before income taxes was very low during that period. As of December 31, 2014, we have a state net operating loss carryforward of approximately $1,858,000 that expires in 2028 through 2031, if not utilized before then, and a federal net operating loss carryforward of approximately $1,368,000 that expires in 2029 through 2031, if not utilized before then. The $965,000 licensing payment that we made during the fourth quarter of 2004 was treated as an intangible asset and is being amortized over 15 years, for tax return purposes only. Approximately $1,112,000 of our investment to produce pharmaceutical-grade Nisin for Mast Out® was expensed as incurred for our books. Included in this amount is approximately $820,000 ($65,000 during the fourth quarter of 2013 and $755,000 during the year ended December 31, 2014) that was capitalized and will be depreciated over statutory periods for tax return purposes only.


Deferred tax assets are recognized only when it is probable that sufficient taxable income will be available in future periods against which deductible temporary differences and credits may be utilized. However, the amount of the deferred tax asset could be reduced if projected income is not achieved due to various factors, such as unfavorable business conditions. If projected income is not expected to be achieved, we would decrease the deferred tax asset to the amount that we believe can be realized.

 

Net operating loss carryforwards, credits, and other tax attributes are subject to review and possible adjustment by the Internal Revenue Service. Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code contains provisions that could place annual limitations on the future utilization of net operating loss carryforwards and credits in the event of a change in ownership of the Company, as defined.

 

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and several state jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2011. We currently have no tax examinations in progress. We also have not paid additional taxes, interest or penalties as a result of tax examinations nor do we have any unrecognized tax benefits for any of the periods in the accompanying financial statements.