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Stockholders’ Equity (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Stockholders’ Equity [Abstract]  
Schedule of Activity Under the Stock Option Plans Activity under the stock option plans described above was as follows:
   2010 Plan   2017 Plan   Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value(1)
 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022   202,500    402,500   $7.19   $(661,310)
Grants   
    122,000   $5.16      
Terminations/forfeitures(2)   (10,000)   (94,500)  $7.12      
Exercises   (4,000)   
   $4.69      
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023   188,500    430,000   $6.82   $(1,071,121)
Grants   
    2,000   $5.15      
Terminations/forfeitures(2)   (2,000)   (19,000)  $7.27      
Exercises   
    
   $
      
Outstanding as of March 31, 2024   186,500    413,000   $6.80   $(899,486)
Vested as of March 31, 2024   186,500    86,500   $6.39   $(297,520)
Vested and expected to vest as of March 31, 2024   186,500    413,000   $6.80   $(899,486)
Reserved for future grants   
    219,000           
(1)Intrinsic value is the difference between the fair market value of the underlying common stock as of the date indicated and as of the date of the option grant (which is equal to the option exercise price).
(2)Terminations and forfeitures are recognized when they occur.

 

Schedule of Additional Information About the Stock Option Plans The following table displays additional information about the stock option plans described above:
   Number of
Shares
   Weighted
Average
Fair Value at
Grant Date
   Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Non-vested stock options as of January 1, 2024   337,500   $3.66   $7.14 
Non-vested stock options as of March 31, 2024   326,500   $3.65   $7.14 
Stock options granted during the three-month period ended March 31, 2024   2,000   $2.89   $5.15 
Stock options that vested during the three-month period ended March 31, 2024   4,000   $3.09   $6.10 
Stock options that were terminated or forfeited during the three-month period ended March 31, 2024   21,000   $3.51   $7.27 
Schedule of Fair Value Stock Option Grant Using Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model With the Weighted-Average Assumptions The fair value of each stock option grant has been estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, for the purpose discussed in Note 2(n), with the following weighted-average assumptions:
  

During the Three-Month

Periods Ended March 31,

 
   2024   2023 
Risk-free interest rate(1)   4.29%   3.54%
Dividend yield(2)   0%   0%
Expected volatility(2)   52%   55%
Expected life(3)   6.5 years    6.5 years 
(1)The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury yields for a maturity approximating the expected option term.
(2)The dividend yield and expected volatility are derived from averages of our historical data.
(3)The expected life is calculated utilizing the simplified method, which uses the mid-point between the vesting period and the contractual term as the expected life.