<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001213900-24-031647.txt : 20240409
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<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20240409171920
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001213900-24-031647
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		15
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20240408
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20240409
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20240409

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			IMMUCELL CORP /DE/
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000811641
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	IN VITRO & IN VIVO DIAGNOSTIC SUBSTANCES [2835]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	03 Life Sciences
		IRS NUMBER:				010382980
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-12934
		FILM NUMBER:		24833577

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		56 EVERGREEN DR
		CITY:			PORTLAND
		STATE:			ME
		ZIP:			04103
		BUSINESS PHONE:		2078782770

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		56 EVERGREEN DRIVE
		CITY:			PORTLAND
		STATE:			ME
		ZIP:			04103
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>UNITED
STATES<br/>
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Washington,
D.C. 20549</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>CURRENT
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Pursuant
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Registrant&#8217;s
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Former
name or former address, if changed since last report.)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Check
the appropriate box below if the Form&#160;8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under
any of the following provisions (see General Instructions A.2. below):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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communications pursuant to Rule&#160;425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
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material pursuant to Rule&#160;14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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communications pursuant to Rule&#160;13e-4(c)&#160;under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405
of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Emerging
growth company&#160;&#160;<span id="xdx_90C_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20240408__20240408_z5i5xldAMyg5"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-04-08" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" id="ixv-397">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section&#160;13(a) of the Exchange Act.&#160;&#160;&#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item&#160;1.01</b></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 9, 2024, ImmuCell Corporation (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) entered into an At The Market Offering Agreement (the &#8220;Sales Agreement&#8221;)
with Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC (the &#8220;Sales Agent&#8221;), pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time,
through the Sales Agent, up to $11,000,000 of shares of its common stock, par value $0.10 per share (the &#8220;Common Stock&#8221;).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company is not obligated to sell any shares under the Sales Agreement. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, the
Sales Agent will use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with their normal trading and sales practices, applicable state and federal
law, rules and regulations and the rules of The Nasdaq Capital Market to sell shares from time to time based upon the Company&#8217;s
instructions, including any price, time or size limits specified by the Company. Upon delivery of a sales notice to the Sales Agent,
and subject to the Company&#8217;s instructions in that notice, and the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement generally, the Sales
Agent may sell the Common Stock by any method permitted by law deemed to be an &#8220;at the market offering&#8221; as defined by Rule
415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Sales Agreement provides that the Sales Agent will be entitled to compensation for its services in an amount equal to 3.0% of the gross
proceeds from the sales thereunder. The Sales Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and agreements by the Company,
indemnification obligations of the Company and the Sales Agent, other obligations of the parties and termination provisions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
shares of Common Stock will be issued pursuant to the Company&#8217;s effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-278438),
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;) on April 1, 2024, and declared effective by the SEC on April
9, 2024.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
foregoing description of the Sales Agreement is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of such agreement,
a copy of which is filed herewith as Exhibit 1.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
Current Report on Form 8-K shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any shares under the Sales Agreement,
nor shall there be any sale of such shares in any state in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration
or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or jurisdiction.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with entering into the Sales Agreement, on April 8, 2024, the Company entered into an amendment (the "First Amendment")
to the Company&#8217;s Economic Recovery Loan Program Loan Agreement, by and between the Company and the Finance Authority of Maine dated
July 17, 2023 (the &#8220;FAME Loan Agreement&#8221;). The First Amendment, among other things, amends the FAME Loan Agreement to remove
any restrictions on the Company&#8217;s ability to issue equity securities, permitting sales pursuant to the Sales Agreement.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
First Amendment is filed as Exhibit 10.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. The foregoing description
of the terms of the First Amendment is qualified in its entirety by reference to such exhibit.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item
9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
Exhibits.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-top: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in; width: 9%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Exhibit
    No.</b></span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-top: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in; width: 90%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Description</b></span></td></tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.1</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 0in; text-align: left"><a href="ea020357301ex1-1_immucell.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At The Market Offering Agreement, dated April 9, 2024, by and between ImmuCell Corporation and Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.1</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 0in"><a href="ea020357301ex10-1_immucell.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consent and First Amendment to Economic Recovery Loan Program Loan Agreement, dated April 8, 2024, by and between the Company and the Finance Authority of Maine </span></a></td></tr>
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<p style="text-align: left; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>SIGNATURES</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IMMUCELL
    CORPORATION</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 60%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:
    &#160;April 9, 2024</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Michael F. Brigham</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-1.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>ea020357301ex1-1_immucell.htm
<DESCRIPTION>AT THE MARKET OFFERING AGREEMENT, DATED APRIL 9, 2024, BY AND BETWEEN IMMUCELL CORPORATION AND CRAIG-HALLUM CAPITAL GROUP LLC
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 1.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>AT THE MARKET OFFERING AGREEMENT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">April 9, 2024</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">222 South 9<SUP>th</SUP> Street, Suite
350</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Minneapolis, MN 55402</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.5in">Ladies and
Gentlemen:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">ImmuCell Corporation, a corporation
organized under the laws of Delaware (the &ldquo;<U>Company</U>&rdquo;), confirms its agreement (this &ldquo;<U>Agreement</U>&rdquo;)
with Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC (the &ldquo;<U>Manager</U>&rdquo;) as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">1.&nbsp;<U>Definitions</U>.
The terms that follow, when used in this Agreement and any Terms Agreement, shall have the meanings indicated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Accountants</U>&rdquo;&nbsp;shall
have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4(m).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Act</U>&rdquo;
shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Action</U>&rdquo;
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(p).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Affiliate</U>&rdquo;
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(o).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Applicable
Time</U>&rdquo; shall mean, with respect to any Shares, the time of sale of such Shares pursuant to this Agreement or any relevant Terms
Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Board</U>&rdquo;
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(b)(iii).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Broker
Fee</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(b)(v).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Business
Day</U>&rdquo; shall mean any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized
or required by law to remain closed; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that, for purposes of clarity, commercial banks shall not be deemed
to be authorized or required by law to remain closed due to &ldquo;stay at home&rdquo;, &ldquo;shelter-in-place&rdquo;, &ldquo;non-essential
employee&rdquo;&nbsp; or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of
any governmental authority so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The
City of New York generally are open for use by customers on such day.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Commission</U>&rdquo;
shall mean the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Common
Stock</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Common
Stock Equivalents</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(g).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Company
Counsel</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4(l).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Company
S-3 Counsel</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4(l).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>DTC</U>&rdquo;
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(b)(vii).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Effective
Date</U>&rdquo; shall mean each date and time that the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment or amendments thereto became
or becomes effective.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Effective
Time</U>&rdquo; shall mean the first date and time that the Registration Statement becomes effective.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Exchange
Act</U>&rdquo; shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated
thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Execution
Time</U>&rdquo; shall mean the date and time that this Agreement is executed and delivered by the parties hereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Free Writing
Prospectus</U>&rdquo; shall mean a free writing prospectus, as defined in Rule&nbsp;405.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>GAAP</U>&rdquo;
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(m).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Incorporated
Documents</U>&rdquo; shall mean the documents or portions thereof filed with the Commission on or prior to the Effective Date that are
incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus and any documents or portions thereof filed with the Commission
after the Effective Date that are deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Intellectual
Property Rights</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(v).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Issuer
Free Writing Prospectus</U>&rdquo; shall mean an issuer free writing prospectus, as defined in Rule&nbsp;433.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Losses</U>&rdquo;
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 7(d).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Material
Adverse Effect</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(b).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Material
Permits</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(t).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Net Proceeds</U>&rdquo;
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(b)(v).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Permitted
Free Writing Prospectus</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4(g).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Placement</U>&rdquo;
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(c).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Proceeding</U>&rdquo;
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(b).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Prospectus</U>&rdquo;
shall mean the Prospectus included in the Registration Statement at the Effective Time and any subsequently filed Prospectus Supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Prospectus
Supplement</U>&rdquo; shall mean the prospectus supplement relating to the Shares included in the Registration Statement at the Effective
Time and any other prospectus supplement relating to the Shares prepared and filed pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b) from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Registration
Statement</U>&rdquo; shall mean the shelf registration statement on Form&nbsp;S-3 registering $20,000,000 of securities of the Company
to be filed on or about the Execution Time, including exhibits and financial statements and any prospectus supplement relating to the
Shares that is filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b) and deemed part of such registration statement pursuant to Rule&nbsp;430B,
as amended on each Effective Date and, in the event any post-effective amendment thereto becomes effective, shall also mean such registration
statement as so amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Representation
Date</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4(k).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Required
Approvals</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(e).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Rule&nbsp;158</U>&rdquo;,
&ldquo;<U>Rule&nbsp;164</U>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<U>Rule&nbsp;172</U>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<U>Rule&nbsp;173</U>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<U>Rule&nbsp;405</U>&rdquo;,
&ldquo;<U>Rule&nbsp;415</U>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<U>Rule&nbsp;424</U>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<U>Rule&nbsp;430B</U>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<U>Rule&nbsp;433</U>&rdquo;
refer to such rules under the Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Sales
Notice</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(b)(i).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>SEC Reports</U>&rdquo;
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(m).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Settlement
Date</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(b)(vii).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Subsidiary</U>&rdquo;
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(a).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Terms
Agreement</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(a).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Time of
Delivery</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(c).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Trading
Day</U>&rdquo; means a day on which the Trading Market is open for trading.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Trading
Market</U>&rdquo; means the Nasdaq Capital Market.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">2.&nbsp;<U>Sale
and Delivery of Shares</U>. The Company proposes to issue and sell through or to the Manager, as sales agent and/or principal, from time
to time during the term of this Agreement and on the terms set forth herein, up to such number of shares (the &ldquo;<U>Shares</U>&rdquo;)
of the Company&rsquo;s common stock, $0.10&nbsp;par value per share (&ldquo;<U>Common Stock</U>&rdquo;), that does not exceed (a) the
number or dollar amount of shares of Common Stock registered on the Prospectus Supplement, pursuant to which the offering is being made,
(b) the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock (less the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise, conversion
or exchange of any outstanding securities of the Company or otherwise reserved from the Company&rsquo;s authorized capital stock), or
(c) the number or dollar amount of shares of Common Stock that would cause the Company or the offering of the Shares to not satisfy the
eligibility and transaction requirements for use of Form S-3, including, if applicable, General Instruction I.B.6 of Registration Statement
on Form S-3 (the lesser of (a), (b) and (c), the &ldquo;<U>Maximum Amount</U>&rdquo;). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained
herein, the parties hereto agree that compliance with the limitations set forth in this Section 2 on the number and aggregate sales price
of Shares issued and sold under this Agreement shall be the sole responsibility of the Company and that the Manager shall have no obligation
in connection with such compliance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>Appointment
of Manager as Selling Agent; Terms Agreement</U>. For purposes of selling the Shares through the Manager, the Company hereby appoints
the Manager as exclusive agent of the Company for the purpose of selling the Shares of the Company pursuant to this Agreement and the
Manager agrees to use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell the Shares on the terms and subject to the conditions stated herein.
The Company agrees that, whenever it determines to sell the Shares directly to the Manager as principal, it will enter into a separate
agreement (each, a &ldquo;<U>Terms Agreement</U>&rdquo;) in substantially the form of <U>Annex I</U> hereto, relating to such sale in
accordance with Section&nbsp;2 of this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;<U>Agent
Sales</U>. Subject to the terms and conditions and in reliance upon the representations and warranties herein set forth, following the
effectiveness of the Registration Statement the Company will issue and agrees to sell Shares from time to time through the Manager, acting
as sales agent, and the Manager agrees to use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell, as sales agent for the Company, on the following
terms:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)&nbsp;The
Shares are to be sold on a daily basis or otherwise as shall be agreed to by the Company and the Manager on any day that (A)&nbsp;is a
Trading Day, (B)&nbsp;the Company has instructed the Manager by telephone (confirmed promptly by electronic mail) to make such sales (&ldquo;<U>Sales
Notice</U>&rdquo;) and (C) the Company has satisfied its obligations under Section 6 of this Agreement. The Company will designate the
maximum amount of the Shares to be sold by the Manager daily (subject to the limitations set forth in Section 2(d)) and the minimum price
per Share at which such Shares may be sold. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, the Manager shall use its commercially reasonable
efforts to sell on a particular day all of the Shares designated for the sale by the Company on such day. The gross sales price of the
Shares sold under this Section&nbsp;2(b) shall be the market price for the shares of Common Stock sold by the Manager under this Section&nbsp;2(b)
on the Trading Market at the time of sale of such Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii)&nbsp;The
Company acknowledges and agrees that (A)&nbsp;there can be no assurance that the Manager will be successful in selling the Shares, (B)&nbsp;the
Manager will incur no liability or obligation to the Company or any other person or entity if it does not sell the Shares for any reason
other than a failure by the Manager to use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices
and applicable law and regulations to sell such Shares as required under this Agreement, and (C)&nbsp;the Manager shall be under no obligation
to purchase Shares on a principal basis pursuant to this Agreement, except as otherwise specifically agreed by the Manager and the Company
pursuant to a Terms Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(iii)&nbsp;The
Company shall not authorize the issuance and sale of, and the Manager shall not be obligated to use its commercially reasonable efforts
to sell, any Share at a price lower than the minimum price therefor designated from time to time by the Company&rsquo;s Board of Directors
(the &ldquo;<U>Board</U>&rdquo;), or a duly authorized committee thereof, or such duly authorized officers of the Company, and notified
to the Manager in writing. The Company or the Manager may, upon notice to the other party hereto by telephone (confirmed promptly by electronic
mail), suspend the offering of the Shares for any reason and at any time; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that such suspension or termination
shall not affect or impair the parties&rsquo; respective obligations with respect to the Shares sold hereunder prior to the giving of
such notice.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(iv)&nbsp;The
Manager may sell Shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an &ldquo;at the market offering&rdquo; as defined in Rule&nbsp;415
under the Act, including without limitation sales made directly on the Trading Market, on any other existing trading market for the Common
Stock or to or through a market maker. The Manager may also sell Shares in privately negotiated transactions, provided that the Manager
receives the Company&rsquo;s prior written approval for any sales in privately negotiated transactions and if so provided in the &ldquo;Plan
of Distribution&rdquo; section of the Prospectus Supplement or a supplement to the Prospectus Supplement or a new Prospectus Supplement
disclosing the terms of such privately negotiated transaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(v)&nbsp;The
compensation to the Manager for sales of the Shares under this Section 2(b) shall be a placement fee of 3.0% of the gross sales price
of the Shares, which placement fee shall only be payable to the Manager and deducted by the Manager from the gross sales price for any
respective sale of Shares sold under the Registration Statement as and when Shares have been taken down from the Registration Statement
and actually sold to a third party pursuant to this Section 2(b) (&ldquo;<U>Broker Fee</U>&rdquo;). The foregoing rate of compensation
shall not apply when the Manager acts as principal, in which case the Company may sell Shares to the Manager as principal at a price agreed
upon at the relevant Applicable Time pursuant to a Terms Agreement. The remaining proceeds, after deduction of the Broker Fee and deduction
of any transaction fees imposed by any clearing firm, execution broker, or governmental or self-regulatory organization in respect of
such sales, shall constitute the net proceeds to the Company for such Shares (the &ldquo;<U>Net Proceeds</U>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(vi)&nbsp;The
Manager shall provide written confirmation (which may be by electronic mail) to the Company following the close of trading on the Trading
Market each day in which the Shares are sold under this Section 2(b) setting forth the number of the Shares sold on such day, the aggregate
gross sales proceeds and the Net Proceeds to the Company, and the compensation payable by the Company to the Manager with respect to such
sales.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(vii)&nbsp;Unless
otherwise agreed between the Company and the Manager, settlement for sales of the Shares will occur at 10:00 a.m. (New York City time)
on the second (2nd) Trading Day (and on and after May 28, 2024 (or such later date on which the Commission&rsquo;s final rule with respect
to the shortening of the securities transaction settlement cycle becomes effective), on the first (1st) Trading Day, <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">or
any such shorter settlement cycle as may be in effect pursuant to Rule 15c6-1 under the Exchange Act from time to time</FONT>) following
the date on which such sales are made (each, a &ldquo;<U>Settlement Date</U>&rdquo;). On or before the Trading Day prior to each Settlement
Date, the Company will, or will cause its transfer agent to, electronically transfer the Shares being sold by crediting the Manager&rsquo;s
or its designee&rsquo;s account (provided that the Manager shall have given the Company written notice of such designee at least one Trading
Day prior to the Settlement Date) at The Depository Trust Company (&ldquo;<U>DTC</U>&rdquo;) through its Deposit and Withdrawal at Custodian
System or by such other means of delivery as may be mutually agreed upon by the parties hereto which Shares in all cases shall be freely
tradable, transferable, registered shares in good deliverable form. On each Settlement Date, the Manager will deliver the related Net
Proceeds in same day funds to an account designated by the Company. The Company agrees that, if the Company, or its transfer agent (if
applicable), defaults in its obligation to deliver duly authorized Shares on a Settlement Date, in addition to and in no way limiting
the rights and obligations set forth in Section 7 hereto, the Company will (i) hold the Manager harmless against any loss, claim, damage,
or reasonable, documented expense (including reasonable and documented legal fees and expenses), as incurred, arising out of or in connection
with such default by the Company, and (ii) pay to the Manager any commission, discount or other compensation to which the Manager would
otherwise have been entitled absent such default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(viii)&nbsp;At
each Applicable Time, Settlement Date, and Representation Date, the Company shall be deemed to have affirmed each representation and warranty
contained in this Agreement as if such representation and warranty were made as of such date, modified by the Company&rsquo;s delivery
of an updated Disclosure Schedule or otherwise, as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended as
of such date. Any obligation of the Manager to use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell the Shares on behalf of the Company shall
be subject to the continuing accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company herein, to the performance by the Company of
its obligations hereunder and to the continuing satisfaction of the additional conditions specified in Section 6 of this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(ix)&nbsp;If
the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares
of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities,
property or options by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar
transaction) (a &ldquo;<U>Distribution</U>&rdquo; and the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive the Distribution,
the &ldquo;<U>Record Date</U>&rdquo;), the Company hereby covenants that, in connection with any sales of Shares pursuant to a Sales Notice
on the Record Date, the Company shall issue and deliver such Shares to the Manager on the Record Date and the Record Date shall be the
Settlement Date and the Company shall cover any additional costs of the Manager in connection with the delivery of Shares on the Record
Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Term
Sales</U>. If the Company wishes to sell the Shares pursuant to this Agreement in a manner other than as set forth in Section 2(b) of
this Agreement (each, a &ldquo;<U>Placement</U>&rdquo;), the Company will notify the Manager of the proposed terms of such Placement.
If the Manager, acting as principal, wishes to accept such proposed terms (which it may decline to do for any reason in its sole discretion)
or, following discussions with the Company wishes to accept amended terms, the Manager and the Company will enter into a Terms Agreement
setting forth the terms of such Placement. The terms set forth in a Terms Agreement will not be binding on the Company or the Manager
unless and until the Company and the Manager have each executed such Terms Agreement accepting all of the terms of such Terms Agreement.
In the event of a conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the terms of a Terms Agreement, the terms of such Terms Agreement will
control. A Terms Agreement may also specify certain provisions relating to the reoffering of such Shares by the Manager. The commitment
of the Manager to purchase the Shares pursuant to any Terms Agreement shall be deemed to have been made on the basis of the representations
and warranties of the Company herein contained and shall be subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth. Each Terms Agreement
shall specify the number of the Shares to be purchased by the Manager pursuant thereto, the price to be paid to the Company for such Shares,
any provisions relating to rights of, and default by, underwriters acting together with the Manager in the reoffering of the Shares, and
the time and date (each such time and date being referred to herein as a &ldquo;<U>Time of Delivery</U>&rdquo;) and place of delivery
of and payment for such Shares. Such Terms Agreement shall also specify any requirements for opinions of counsel, accountants&rsquo; letters
and officers&rsquo; certificates pursuant to Section 6 of this Agreement and any other information or documents required by the Manager.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)&nbsp;<U>Maximum
Number of Shares</U>. Under no circumstances shall the Company cause or request the offer or sale of any Shares if, after giving effect
to the sale of such Shares, the aggregate amount of Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement would exceed the lesser of (A) together with
all sales of Shares under this Agreement, the Maximum Amount, (B) the amount available for offer and sale under the currently effective
Registration Statement and (C) the amount authorized from time to time to be issued and sold under this Agreement by the Board, a duly
authorized committee thereof or a duly authorized executive committee, and notified to the Manager in writing. Under no circumstances
shall the Company cause or request the offer or sale of any Shares pursuant to this Agreement at a price lower than the minimum price
authorized from time to time by the Board, a duly authorized committee thereof or a duly authorized executive officer, and notified to
the Manager in writing. Further, under no circumstances shall the Company cause or permit the aggregate offering amount of Shares sold
pursuant to this Agreement to exceed the Maximum Amount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)&nbsp;<U>Regulation
M Notice</U>. Unless the exceptive provisions set forth in Rule&nbsp;101(c)(1) of Regulation&nbsp;M under the Exchange Act are satisfied
with respect to the Shares, the Company shall give the Manager at least one (1) Business Day&rsquo;s prior notice of its intent to sell
any Shares in order to allow the Manager time to comply with Regulation M.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">3.&nbsp;<U>Representations
and Warranties</U>. The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, the Manager at the Execution Time and on each such time that
the following representations and warranties are repeated or deemed to be made pursuant to this Agreement, as set forth below, except
as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the SEC Reports, the Incorporated Documents or the Disclosure Schedule attached
hereto as Exhibit A to this Agreement, which exceptions shall be incorporated in and deemed to modify and be part of the representations
and warranties made hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>Subsidiaries</U>.
All of the direct and indirect subsidiaries (individually, a &ldquo;<U>Subsidiary</U>&rdquo;) of the Company, if any, are set forth on
Exhibit 21.1 to the Company&rsquo;s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission. The Company owns, directly or indirectly,
all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any &ldquo;<U>Liens</U>&rdquo; (which for purposes
of this Agreement shall mean a lien, charge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction),
and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable
and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;<U>Organization
and Qualification</U>. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing
and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to
own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in
violation or in default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational
or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign
corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification
necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected
to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of this Agreement, (ii) a material adverse effect
on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken
as a whole, from that set forth in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Prospectus Supplement or the Incorporated Documents,
or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company&rsquo;s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations
under this Agreement (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a &ldquo;<U>Material Adverse Effect</U>&rdquo;) and no &ldquo;<U>Proceeding</U>&rdquo;
(which for purposes of this Agreement shall mean any action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation,
an informal investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened) has been instituted in any such
jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Authorization
and Enforcement</U>. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and
the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company
and no further action is required by the Company, the Board or the Company&rsquo;s stockholders in connection herewith other than in connection
with the Required Approvals. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with
the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its
terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other
laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors&rsquo; rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability
of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions
may be limited by applicable law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)&nbsp;<U>No
Conflicts</U>. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, the issuance and sale of the Shares and the consummation
by it of the transactions contemplated hereby do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company&rsquo;s or
any Subsidiary&rsquo;s certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict
with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation
of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment,
anti-dilution or similar adjustments, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement,
credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company
or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject
to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or
other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state
securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the
case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result
in a Material Adverse Effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)&nbsp;<U>Filings,
Consents and Approvals.</U> The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to,
or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other &ldquo;Person&rdquo;
(defined as an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability
company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind, including the Trading Market)
in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, other than (i) the filings required by this
Agreement, (ii) the filing with the Commission of the Prospectus Supplement, (iii) the filing of application(s) to and approval by the
Trading Market for the listing of the Shares for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby, and (iv) such filings as are
required to be made under applicable state securities laws and the rules and regulations of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority,
Inc. (&ldquo;<U>FINRA</U>&rdquo;) (collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Required Approvals</U>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)&nbsp;<U>Issuance
of Shares</U>. The Shares are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with this Agreement, will be duly and validly
issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company has reserved from its duly authorized
capital stock the maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to this Agreement. On or after the Effective Time, the issuance
by the Company of the Shares has been registered under the Act and all of the Shares are freely transferable and tradable by the purchasers
thereof without restriction (other than any restrictions arising solely from an act or omission of such a purchaser). On or after the
Effective Time, the Shares are being issued pursuant to the Registration Statement and the issuance of the Shares has been registered
by the Company under the Act. The &ldquo;<U>Plan of Distribution</U>&rdquo; section within the Registration Statement permits the issuance
and sale of the Shares as contemplated by this Agreement. Upon receipt of the Shares, the purchasers of such Shares will have good and
marketable title to such Shares and the Shares will be freely tradable on the Trading Market.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(g)&nbsp;<U>Capitalization</U>.
The capitalization of the Company is as set forth in the SEC Reports. The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently
filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of stock options or other awards under any equity incentive
plan of the Company, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees, directors and consultants pursuant to any equity incentive plan
of the Company and pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of securities exercisable, exchangeable or convertible into Common Stock
(&ldquo;<U>Common Stock Equivalents</U>&rdquo;) outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange
Act. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe
to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable
or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of any
Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to
issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and sale of the Shares
will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person. There are no outstanding
securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary with any provision that adjusts the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset
price of such security or instrument upon an issuance of securities by the Company or any Subsidiary. There are no outstanding securities
or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments,
understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or such
Subsidiary. Other than any equity incentive plan of the Company, the Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or &ldquo;phantom
stock&rdquo; plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and
none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.
No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Shares. There
are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company&rsquo;s capital stock to which
the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company&rsquo;s stockholders.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(h)&nbsp;<U>Registration
Statement</U>. The Company meets the requirements for use of Form&nbsp;S-3 under the Act and has prepared and filed with the Commission
the Registration Statement, including a related Prospectus, for registration under the Act of the offering and sale of the Shares. Upon
the Effective Time, such Registration Statement shall be effective and available for the offer and sale of the Shares as of the date hereof.
As filed, the Prospectus contains all information required by the Act and the rules thereunder, and, except to the extent the Manager
shall agree in writing to a modification, shall be in all substantive respects in the form furnished to the Manager prior to the Execution
Time or prior to any such time this representation is repeated or deemed to be made. The Registration Statement, at the Execution Time,
each such time this representation is repeated or deemed to be made, and at all times during which a prospectus is required by the Act
to be delivered (whether physically or through compliance with Rule&nbsp;172, 173 or any similar rule) in connection with any offer or
sale of the Shares, meets the requirements set forth in Rule&nbsp;415(a)(1)(x). The Company meets the transaction requirements as set
forth in General Instruction I.B.1 of Form S-3 or, if applicable, as set forth in General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3 with respect to
the aggregate market value of securities being sold pursuant to this offering and during the twelve (12) months prior to this offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)&nbsp;<U>Accuracy
of Incorporated Documents</U>. The Incorporated Documents, when they were filed with the Commission, conformed in all material respects
to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder, and none of the Incorporated Documents, when they were filed with the
Commission, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein,
in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading; and any further documents so filed and incorporated by reference
in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, or any Prospectus Supplement, when such documents are filed with the Commission, will conform
in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder, as applicable, and will not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(j)&nbsp;<U>Ineligible
Issuer</U>. (i)&nbsp;At the earliest time after the filing of the Registration Statement that the Company or another offering participant
made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule&nbsp;164(h)(2)) of the Shares and (ii)&nbsp;as of the Execution Time and on each such
time this representation is repeated or deemed to be made (with such date being used as the determination date for purposes of this clause&nbsp;(ii)),
the Company was not and is not an Ineligible Issuer (as defined in Rule&nbsp;405), without taking account of any determination by the
Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;405 that it is not necessary that the Company be considered an Ineligible Issuer.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(k)&nbsp;<U>Free
Writing Prospectus</U>. The Company is eligible to use Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses. Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus does not
include any information the substance of which conflicts with the information contained in the Registration Statement, including any Incorporated
Documents and any prospectus supplement deemed to be a part thereof that has not been superseded or modified; and each Issuer Free Writing
Prospectus does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The foregoing sentence does not apply
to statements in or omissions from any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus based upon and in conformity with written information furnished
to the Company by the Manager specifically for use therein. Any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that the Company is required to file pursuant
to Rule 433(d) has been, or will be, filed with the Commission in accordance with the requirements of the Act and the rules thereunder.
Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule 433(d) or that was prepared by
or behalf of or used by the Company complies or will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Act and the rules thereunder.
The Company will not, without the prior consent of the Manager, prepare, use or refer to, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(l)&nbsp;<U>Proceedings
Related to Registration Statement</U>. The Registration Statement is not the subject of a pending proceeding or examination under Section&nbsp;8(d)
or 8(e) of the Act, and the Company is not the subject of a pending proceeding under Section&nbsp;8A of the Act in connection with the
offering of the Shares. The Company has not received any notice that the Commission has issued or intends to issue a stop-order with respect
to the Registration Statement or that the Commission otherwise has suspended or withdrawn the effectiveness of the Registration Statement,
either temporarily or permanently, or intends or has threatened in writing to do so.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(m)&nbsp;<U>SEC
Reports</U>. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under
the Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such
shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material) (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits
thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, together with the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, being collectively
referred to herein as the &ldquo;<U>SEC Reports</U>&rdquo;) on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing
and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension. As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied
in all material respects with the requirements of the Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed,
contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order
to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The financial statements
of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations
of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance
with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (&ldquo;<U>GAAP</U>&rdquo;),
except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements
may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and
its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended,
subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(n)&nbsp;[RESERVED]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(o)&nbsp;<U>Material
Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments</U>. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within
the SEC Reports, except as specifically disclosed in a subsequent SEC Report filed prior to the date on which this representation is being
made, (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material
Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued
expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in
the Company&rsquo;s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not
altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to
its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock, (v) the Company
has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or &ldquo;<U>Affiliate</U>&rdquo; (defined as any Person that, directly
or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person, as such terms
are used in and construed under Rule 144 under the Act), except pursuant to any equity incentive plans of the Company, and (vi) no executive
officer of the Company or member of the Board has resigned from any position with the Company. The Company does not have pending before
the Commission any request for confidential treatment of information. Except for the issuance of the Shares contemplated by this Agreement,
no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist
with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial
condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made
or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least one (1) Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(p)&nbsp;<U>Litigation</U>.
Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, there is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending or,
to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before
or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign)
(collectively, an &ldquo;<U>Action</U>&rdquo;). None of the Actions set forth in the SEC Reports, (i) adversely affects or challenges
the legality, validity or enforceability of this Agreement or the Shares or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or
reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof,
is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim
of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation
by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission has not issued any
stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the
Exchange Act or the Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(q)&nbsp;<U>Labor
Relations</U>. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company,
which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company&rsquo;s or its Subsidiaries&rsquo; employees
is a member of a union that relates to such employee&rsquo;s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships
with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected
to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement
or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued
employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any
of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all applicable U.S. federal, state, local and foreign
laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where
the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(r)&nbsp;<U>Compliance</U>.
Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived
that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or
any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement
or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default
or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority
or (iii) is or has been during the last twelve (12) months in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental
authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational
health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in the case of each of clause (i), (ii) and (iii)
as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(s)&nbsp;<U>Environmental
Laws</U>.&nbsp;The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to pollution
or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata),
including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or
hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, &ldquo;<U>Hazardous Materials</U>&rdquo;) into the environment, or otherwise relating to
the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as
all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits,
plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (&ldquo;<U>Environmental Laws</U>&rdquo;); (ii) have received
all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses; and
(iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii),
the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(t)&nbsp;<U>Regulatory
Permits</U>. The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal,
state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports, except
where the failure to possess such permits could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (&ldquo;<U>Material
Permits</U>&rdquo;), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification
of any Material Permit.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(u)&nbsp;<U>Title
to Assets</U>. The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them and good
and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each
case free and clear of all Liens, except for (i) Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere
with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries and (ii) Liens for the payment of federal,
state or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made therefor in accordance with GAAP and, the payment of which is neither
delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by
them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance, except where the failure
to be in compliance could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(v)&nbsp;<U>Intellectual
Property</U>. The Company and the Subsidiaries have, or have rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications,
service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property rights and similar rights
necessary or required for use in connection with their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports, except where the failure
to so have could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Intellectual Property
Rights</U>&rdquo;). None of, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that any of, the
Intellectual Property Rights has expired, terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be abandoned, within
two (2) years from the date of this Agreement. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received, since the date of the latest audited
financial statements included within the SEC Reports, a written notice of a claim or otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual
Property Rights violate or infringe upon the rights of any Person, except as could not have or reasonably be expected to not have a Material
Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement
by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures
to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their intellectual properties, except where failure to do so could not, individually
or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(w)&nbsp;<U>Insurance</U>.
The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such
amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including, but not limited
to, directors and officers insurance coverage. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able
to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may
be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(x)&nbsp;<U>Affiliate
Transactions</U>. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, none of the officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the
knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the Company
or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement
providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing
of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge
of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director,
trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for
services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other benefits to employees, directors
and consultants, including stock option agreements and equity based award agreements under any equity plan of the Company.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(y)&nbsp;<U>Sarbanes
Oxley Compliance</U>. The Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002, as amended, that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the
Commission thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof except where the failure to be in compliance could not reasonably be expected
to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls designed to
provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management&rsquo;s general or specific authorizations,
(ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset
accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management&rsquo;s general or specific authorization, and
(iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken
with respect to any differences. The Company and the Subsidiaries have established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15I and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and the Subsidiaries and designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that
information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission&rsquo;s rules and forms. The Company&rsquo;s certifying officers
have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period
covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the &ldquo;<U>Evaluation Date</U>&rdquo;). The Company
presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness
of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have
been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its
Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting
of the Company and its Subsidiaries.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(z)&nbsp;<U>Certain
Fees</U>. Other than payments to be made to the Manager, no brokerage or finder&rsquo;s fees or commissions are or will be payable by
the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other
Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The Manager shall have no obligation with respect to any fees
or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due in
connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(aa)&nbsp;<U>No Other
Sales Agency Agreement</U>. The Company has not entered into any other sales agency agreements or other similar arrangements with any
agent or any other representative in respect of at the market offerings of the Shares.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(bb)&nbsp;[RESERVED]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(cc)&nbsp;<U>Listing
and Maintenance Requirements</U>. The Common Stock is listed on the Trading Market and the issuance of the Shares as contemplated by this
Agreement does not contravene the rules and regulations of the Trading Market. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b)
or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect
of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission
is contemplating terminating such registration. The Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from
any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with
the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. The Company is in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements.
The Common Stock is currently eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation
and the Company is current in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust Company (or such other established clearing corporation) in
connection with such electronic transfer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(dd)&nbsp;<U>Application
of Takeover Protections</U>. The Company and the Board have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control
share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover
provision under the Company&rsquo;s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation
that is or could become applicable to the Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(ee)&nbsp;<U>Solvency</U>.
The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts
of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt) within one year from the date hereof. The Company has no knowledge of any facts or
circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws
of any jurisdiction within one year from the date hereof. The SEC Reports set forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and
unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes
of this Agreement, &ldquo;<U>Indebtedness</U>&rdquo; means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $50,000
(other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent
obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company&rsquo;s consolidated
balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar
transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $50,000 due under leases
required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(ff)&nbsp;<U>Tax Status</U>.
Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect,
the Company and its Subsidiaries each (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local income and all foreign income and
franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other
governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations
and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all material taxes for periods subsequent to the
periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the
taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company or of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such claim.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(gg)&nbsp;<U>Foreign
Corrupt Practices</U>. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other
person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts,
entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign
or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii)
failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the
Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices
Act of 1977, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(hh)&nbsp;<U>Accountants</U>.
The Company&rsquo;s accounting firm is set forth in the SEC Reports. To the knowledge and belief of the Company, such accounting firm
(i) is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act and (ii) has expressed its opinion with respect to the financial
statements included in the Company&rsquo;s Annual Report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii)&nbsp;<U>Regulation
M Compliance</U>.&nbsp; The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly,
any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate
the sale or resale of any of the Shares, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of
the Shares, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the
Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Manager in connection with the Shares.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(jj)&nbsp;<U>FDA</U>.
As to each product subject to the jurisdiction of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (&ldquo;<U>FDA</U>&rdquo;) under the Federal Food,
Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended, and the regulations thereunder (&ldquo;<U>FDCA</U>&rdquo;) that is manufactured, packaged, labeled,
tested, distributed, sold, and/or marketed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (each such product, a &ldquo;<U>Pharmaceutical Product</U>&rdquo;),
such Pharmaceutical Product is being manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, sold and/or marketed by the Company in compliance
with all applicable requirements under FDCA and similar laws, rules and regulations relating to registration, investigational use, premarket
clearance, licensure, or application approval, good manufacturing practices, good laboratory practices, good clinical practices, product
listing, quotas, labeling, advertising, record keeping and filing of reports, except where the failure to be in compliance would not have
a Material Adverse Effect. There is no pending, completed or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened, action (including any lawsuit,
arbitration, or legal or administrative or regulatory proceeding, charge, complaint, or investigation) against the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, and none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice, warning letter or other communication from the
FDA or any other governmental entity, which (i) contests the premarket clearance, licensure, registration, or approval of, the uses of,
the distribution of, the manufacturing or packaging of, the testing of, the sale of, or the labeling and promotion of any Pharmaceutical
Product, (ii) withdraws its approval of, requests the recall, suspension, or seizure of, or withdraws or orders the withdrawal of advertising
or sales promotional materials relating to, any Pharmaceutical Product, (iii) imposes a clinical hold on any clinical investigation by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iv) enjoins production at any facility of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (v) enters
or proposes to enter into a consent decree of permanent injunction with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (vi) otherwise alleges
any violation of any laws, rules or regulations by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and which, either individually or in the aggregate,
would have a Material Adverse Effect. The properties, business and operations of the Company have been and are being conducted in all
material respects in accordance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations of the FDA.&nbsp; The Company has not been informed by
the FDA that the FDA will prohibit the marketing, sale, license or use in the United States of any product proposed to be developed, produced
or marketed by the Company nor has the FDA expressed any concern as to approving or clearing for marketing any product being developed
or proposed to be developed by the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(kk)&nbsp;<U>Stock
Option Plans</U>. Each stock option granted by the Company under the Company&rsquo;s stock option plan was granted (i) in accordance with
the terms of the Company&rsquo;s stock option plan and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of the Common
Stock on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted under the Company&rsquo;s
stock option plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no Company policy or practice
to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of stock options with, the release or other public
announcement of material information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(ll)&nbsp;<U>Cybersecurity</U>.&nbsp;
Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect: (i)(x) There has been no security
breach or other compromise of or relating to any of the Company&rsquo;s or any Subsidiary&rsquo;s information technology and computer
systems, networks, hardware, software, data (including the data of its respective customers, employees, suppliers, vendors and any third
party data maintained by or on behalf of it), equipment or technology (collectively, &ldquo;<U>IT Systems and Data</U>&rdquo;) and (y)
the Company and the Subsidiaries have not been notified of, and has no knowledge of any event or condition that would reasonably be expected
to result in, any security breach or other compromise to its IT Systems and Data; (ii) the Company and the Subsidiaries are presently
in compliance with all applicable laws or statutes and all judgments, orders, rules and regulations of any court or arbitrator or governmental
or regulatory authority, internal policies and contractual obligations relating to the privacy and security of IT Systems and Data and
to the protection of such IT Systems and Data from unauthorized use, access, misappropriation or modification; (iii)&nbsp;the Company
and the Subsidiaries have implemented and maintained commercially reasonable safeguards to maintain and protect its material confidential
information and the integrity, continuous operation, redundancy and security of all IT Systems and Data; and (iv) the Company and the
Subsidiaries have implemented backup and disaster recovery technology consistent with industry standards and practices.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(mm)&nbsp;<U>Compliance
with Data Privacy Laws</U>. Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect: (i)&nbsp;The
Company and the Subsidiaries are, and at all times during the past three years were, in compliance with all applicable data privacy and
security laws and regulations, including, as applicable, the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (&ldquo;<U>GDPR</U>&rdquo;)
(EU 2016/679) (collectively, &ldquo;<U>Privacy Laws</U>&rdquo;); (ii)&nbsp;the Company and the Subsidiaries have in place, comply with,
and take appropriate steps reasonably designed to ensure compliance with their policies and procedures relating to data privacy and security
and the collection, storage, use, disclosure, handling and analysis of Personal Data (the &ldquo;<U>Policies</U>&rdquo;); (iii)&nbsp;the
Company provides accurate notice of its applicable Policies to its customers, employees, third party vendors and representatives as required
by Privacy Laws; and (iv)&nbsp;applicable Policies provide accurate and sufficient notice of the Company&rsquo;s then-current privacy
practices relating to its subject matter, and do not contain any material omissions of the Company&rsquo;s then-current privacy practices,
as required by Privacy Laws.&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Personal Data</U>&rdquo; means (i)&nbsp;a natural person&rsquo;s name, street address, telephone
number, email address, photograph, social security number, bank information, or customer or account number; (ii)&nbsp;any information
which would qualify as &ldquo;personally identifying information&rdquo; under the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended; (iii) &ldquo;personal
data&rdquo; as defined by GDPR; and (iv)&nbsp;any other piece of information that allows the identification of such natural person, or
his or her family, or permits the collection or analysis of any identifiable data related to an identified person&rsquo;s health or sexual
orientation. (i)&nbsp;None of such disclosures made or contained in any of the Policies have been inaccurate, misleading, or deceptive
in violation of any Privacy Laws and (ii)&nbsp;the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement will not result in a breach of
any Privacy Laws or Policies.&nbsp; Neither the Company nor the Subsidiaries, (i)&nbsp;has, to the knowledge of the Company, received
written notice of any actual or potential liability of the Company or the Subsidiaries under, or actual or potential violation by the
Company or the Subsidiaries of, any of the Privacy Laws; (ii)&nbsp;is currently conducting or paying for, in whole or in part, any investigation,
remediation or other corrective action pursuant to any regulatory request or demand pursuant to any Privacy Law; or (iii)&nbsp;is a party
to any order, decree, or agreement by or with any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority that imposed any obligation
or liability under any Privacy Law.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(nn)&nbsp;<U>Office
of Foreign Assets Control</U>. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor to the knowledge of the Company, any of the directors,
officers or employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries, is an individual or entity that is, or is owned or controlled by an individual
or entity that is: (i)&nbsp;the subject of any sanctions administered or enforced by the U.S. Department of Treasury&rsquo;s Office of
Foreign Assets Control, the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, Her Majesty&rsquo;s Treasury, or other relevant sanctions
authority (collectively, &ldquo;<U>Sanctions</U>&rdquo;), nor (ii)&nbsp;located, organized or resident in a country or territory that
is the subject of Sanctions. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries will, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the transactions
contemplated hereby, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any Subsidiary, joint venture partner or other individual
or entity: (i)&nbsp;to fund or facilitate any activities or business of or with any individual or entity or in any country or territory
that, at the time of such funding or facilitation, is the subject of Sanctions or (ii)&nbsp;in any other manner that will result in a
violation of Sanctions by any individual or entity (including any individual or entity participating in the transactions contemplated
hereby, whether as underwriter, advisor, investor or otherwise). For the past five years, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
has knowingly engaged in, and is not now knowingly engaged in, any dealings or transactions with any individual or entity, or in any country
or territory, that at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was the subject of Sanctions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(oo)&nbsp;<U>U.S.
Real Property Holding Corporation</U>. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning
of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon the Manager&rsquo;s request.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(pp)&nbsp;<U>Bank
Holding Company Act</U>. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956,
as amended (the &ldquo;<U>BHCA</U>&rdquo;) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the &ldquo;<U>Federal
Reserve</U>&rdquo;). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more
of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the total equity of a bank or any
entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates
exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation
by the Federal Reserve.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(qq)&nbsp;<U>Money
Laundering</U>. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable
financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable
money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Money Laundering Laws</U>&rdquo;),
except where failure to do so could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and
no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any
Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(rr)&nbsp;<U>FINRA
Member Shareholders</U>. There are no affiliations with any FINRA member firm among the Company&rsquo;s officers, directors or, to the
knowledge of the Company, any five percent (5%) or greater stockholder of the Company, except as set forth in the Registration Statement,
the Prospectus, or any Prospectus Supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">4.&nbsp;<U>Agreements</U>.
The Company agrees with the Manager that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>Right
to Review Amendments and Supplements to Registration Statement and Prospectus</U>. During any period when the delivery of a prospectus
relating to the Shares is required (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule&nbsp;172, 173
or any similar rule) to be delivered under the Act in connection with the offering or the sale of Shares, the Company will not file any
amendment to the Registration Statement relating to the Shares or supplement relating to the Shares (including any Prospectus Supplement)
to the Prospectus unless the Company has furnished to the Manager a copy for its review prior to filing and will not file any such proposed
amendment or supplement to which the Manager reasonably objects. The Company will cause any supplement to the Prospectus relating to the
Shares filed after the Effective Time to be properly completed, in a form approved by the Manager, and will file such supplement with
the Commission pursuant to the applicable paragraph of Rule&nbsp;424(b) within the time period prescribed thereby and will provide evidence
reasonably satisfactory to the Manager of such timely filing. The Company will promptly advise the Manager (i)&nbsp;when the Prospectus,
and any supplement thereto, relating to the Shares shall have been filed (if required) with the Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b),
(ii)&nbsp;when, during any period when the delivery of a prospectus (whether physically or through compliance with Rule&nbsp;172, 173
or any similar rule) is required under the Act in connection with the offering or sale of the Shares, any amendment to the Registration
Statement relating to the Shares shall have been filed or become effective (other than any annual report of the Company filed pursuant
to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act), (iii)&nbsp;of any request by the Commission or its staff for any amendment of the Registration
Statement, or for any supplement to the Prospectus or for any additional information, relating to the Shares (iv)&nbsp;of the issuance
by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any notice objecting to its use or
the institution or threatening of any proceeding for that purpose and (v)&nbsp;of the receipt by the Company of any notification with
respect to the suspension of the qualification of the Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the institution or threatening of any proceeding
for such purpose. The Company will use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order or the occurrence of any such suspension
or objection to the use of the Registration Statement and, upon such issuance, occurrence or notice of objection, to obtain as soon as
possible the withdrawal of such stop order or relief from such occurrence or objection, including, if necessary, by filing an amendment
to the Registration Statement or a new registration statement and using its best efforts to have such amendment or new registration statement
declared effective as soon as practicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;<U>Subsequent
Events</U>. If, at any time on or after an Applicable Time but prior to the related Settlement Date, any event occurs as a result of which
the Registration Statement or Prospectus would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary
to make the statements therein in the light of the circumstances under which they were made or the circumstances then prevailing not misleading,
the Company will (i)&nbsp;notify promptly the Manager so that any use of the Registration Statement or Prospectus may cease until such
are amended or supplemented; (ii)&nbsp;amend or supplement the Registration Statement or Prospectus to correct such statement or omission;
and (iii)&nbsp;supply any such amendment or supplement to the Manager in such quantities as the Manager may reasonably request.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Notification
of Subsequent Filings</U>. During any period when the delivery of a prospectus relating to the Shares is required (including in circumstances
where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule&nbsp;172, 173 or any similar rule) to be delivered under the Act, any event occurs
as a result of which the Prospectus as then supplemented would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material
fact necessary to make the statements therein in the light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading, or if it shall
be necessary to amend the Registration Statement, file a new registration statement or supplement the Prospectus to comply with the Act
or the Exchange Act or the respective rules thereunder, including in connection with use or delivery of the Prospectus, the Company promptly
will (i)&nbsp;notify the Manager of any such event, (ii)&nbsp;subject to Section 4(a), prepare and file with the Commission an amendment
or supplement or new registration statement which will correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance, (iii)&nbsp;use its
best efforts to have any amendment to the Registration Statement or new registration statement declared effective as soon as practicable
in order to avoid any disruption in use of the Prospectus and (iv)&nbsp;supply any supplemented Prospectus to the Manager in such quantities
as the Manager may reasonably request.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)&nbsp;<U>Earnings
Statements</U>. As soon as practicable, the Company will make generally available to its security holders and to the Manager an earnings
statement or statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries which will satisfy the provisions of Section&nbsp;11(a) of the Act and Rule&nbsp;158.
For the avoidance of doubt, the Company&rsquo;s compliance with the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act shall be deemed to satisfy
the requirements of this Section 4(d).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)&nbsp;<U>Delivery
of Registration Statement</U>. Upon the request of the Manager, the Company will furnish to the Manager and counsel for the Manager, without
charge, signed copies of the Registration Statement (including exhibits thereto) and, so long as delivery of a prospectus by the Manager
or dealer may be required by the Act (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule&nbsp;172, 173
or any similar rule), as many copies of the Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and any supplement thereto as the Manager
may reasonably request. The Company will pay the expenses of printing or other production of all documents relating to the offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)&nbsp;<U>Qualification
of Shares</U>. The Company will arrange, if necessary, for the qualification of the Shares for sale under the laws of such jurisdictions
as the Manager may designate and will maintain such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Shares; provided
that in no event shall the Company be obligated to qualify to do business in any jurisdiction where it is not now so qualified or to take
any action that would subject it to service of process in suits, other than those arising out of the offering or sale of the Shares, in
any jurisdiction where it is not now so subject.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(g)&nbsp;<U>Free
Writing Prospectus</U>. The Company agrees that, unless it has or shall have obtained the prior written consent of the Manager, and the
Manager agrees with the Company that, unless it has or shall have obtained, as the case may be, the prior written consent of the Company,
it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Shares that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or that would
otherwise constitute a &ldquo;free writing prospectus&rdquo; (as defined in Rule&nbsp;405) required to be filed by the Company with the
Commission or retained by the Company under Rule&nbsp;433. Any such free writing prospectus consented to by the Manager or the Company
is hereinafter referred to as a &ldquo;<U>Permitted Free Writing Prospectus</U>.&rdquo; The Company agrees that (i)&nbsp;it has treated
and will treat, as the case may be, each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and (ii)&nbsp;it has complied
and will comply, as the case may be, with the requirements of Rules&nbsp;164 and 433 applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus,
including in respect of timely filing with the Commission, legending and record keeping.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(h)&nbsp;<U>Subsequent
Equity Issuances</U>. The Company shall not deliver any Sales Notice hereunder (and any Sales Notice previously delivered shall not apply
during such three Business Days) for at least three (3) Business Days prior to any date on which the Company or any Subsidiary offers,
sells, issues, contracts to sell, contracts to issue or otherwise disposes of, directly or indirectly, any other shares of Common Stock
or any Common Stock Equivalents (other than the Shares), subject to Manager&rsquo;s right to waive this obligation, provided that, without
compliance with the foregoing obligation, the Company may issue and sell Common Stock pursuant to any employee equity plan, stock ownership
plan or dividend reinvestment plan of the Company in effect at the Execution Time and the Company may issue Common Stock issuable upon
the conversion or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents outstanding at the Execution Time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)&nbsp;<U>Market
Manipulation</U>. Until the termination of this Agreement, the Company will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or
that would constitute or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under the Exchange Act or otherwise, stabilization or
manipulation in violation of the Act, Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder of the price of any security of the Company
to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares or otherwise violate any provision of Regulation M under the Exchange Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(j)&nbsp;<U>Notification
of Incorrect Certificate</U>. The Company will, at any time during the term of this Agreement, as supplemented from time to time, advise
the Manager immediately after it shall have received notice or obtained knowledge thereof, of any information or fact that would alter
or affect any opinion, certificate, letter and other document provided to the Manager pursuant to Section&nbsp;6 herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(k)&nbsp;<U>Certification
of Accuracy of Disclosure</U>. Upon commencement of the offering of the Shares under this Agreement (and upon the recommencement of the
offering of the Shares under this Agreement following the termination of a suspension of sales hereunder lasting more than 30 Trading
Days), and each time that (i) the Registration Statement or Prospectus relating to the Shares shall be amended or supplemented, other
than by means of Incorporated Documents, (ii) the Company files its Annual Report on Form 10-K under the Exchange Act, (iii) the Company
files its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q under the Exchange Act, (iv) the Company files a Current Report on Form 8-K containing amended
financial information (other than information that is furnished and not filed), if the Manager reasonably determines that the information
in such Form 8-K is material, or (v) the Shares are delivered to the Manager as principal at the Time of Delivery pursuant to a Terms
Agreement (such commencement or recommencement date and each such date referred to in (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) above, a &ldquo;<U>Representation
Date</U>&rdquo;), unless waived by the Manager, the Company shall furnish or cause to be furnished to the Manager forthwith a certificate
dated and delivered on the Representation Date, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Manager to the effect that the statements contained
in the certificate referred to in Section 6 of this Agreement which were last furnished to the Manager are true and correct at the Representation
Date, as though made at and as of such date (except that such statements shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus as amended and supplemented to such date) or, in lieu of such certificate, a certificate of the same tenor as the certificate
referred to in said Section 6, modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented
to the date of delivery of such certificate. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the requirement to furnish or cause to be furnished a certificate
under this Section 4(k) shall be waived for any Representation Date occurring at a time at which no Sales Notice is pending or a suspension
is in effect, which waiver shall continue until the earlier to occur of the date the Company delivers a Sales Notice hereunder (which
for such calendar quarter shall be considered a Representation Date) and the next occurring Representation Date on which the Company files
its annual report on Form 10-K. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) upon the delivery of the first Sales Notice hereunder and (ii) if the
Company subsequently decides to sell Shares following a Representation Date when the Company relied on such waiver and did not provide
the Manager with a certificate under this Section 4(k), then before the Manager sells any Shares, the Company shall provide the Manager
with such a certificate, dated the date of the Sales Notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(l)&nbsp;<U>Bring
Down Opinions; Negative Assurance</U>. Within five (5) Trading Days of each Representation Date, unless waived by the Manager, the Company
shall furnish or cause to be furnished forthwith to the Manager and to counsel to the Manager a written opinion(s) of counsel to the Company
(&ldquo;<U>Company Counsel</U>&rdquo;) addressed to the Manager and dated and delivered within five (5) Trading Days of such Representation
Date, of the same tenor as the opinion(s) delivered by Company Counsel pursuant to Section 6(b) of this Agreement and otherwise in form
and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Manager, including a negative assurance representation and a written opinion of S-3 counsel
(if different than Company Counsel) to the Company (&ldquo;<U>Company S-3 Counsel</U>&rdquo;) addressed to the Manager and dated and delivered
within five (5) Trading Days of such Representation Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Manager. The requirement
to furnish or cause to be furnished an opinion (but not with respect to a negative assurance representation) under this Section 4(l) shall
be waived for any Representation Date other than a Representation Date on which a material amendment to the Registration Statement or
Prospectus is made or the Company files its Annual Report on Form 10-K or a material amendment thereto under the Exchange Act, unless
the Manager reasonably requests such deliverable required this Section 4(l) in connection with a Representation Date, upon which request
such deliverable shall be deliverable hereunder; provided that an opinion of Company S-3 Counsel shall not be required under this Section
4(l) unless the Registration Statement or Prospectus shall have been materially amended, excluding the filing of any Incorporated Document.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the requirement to furnish or cause to be furnished a negative assurance representation (or, as applicable,
an opinion) under this Section 4(l) shall be waived for any Representation Date occurring at a time at which no Sales Notice is pending
or a suspension is in effect, which waiver shall continue until the earlier to occur of the date the Company delivers a Sales Notice hereunder
(which for such calendar quarter shall be considered a Representation Date) and the next occurring Representation Date on which the Company
files its annual report on Form 10-K. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) upon the delivery of the first Sales Notice hereunder and (ii)
if the Company subsequently decides to sell Shares following a Representation Date when the Company relied on such waiver and did not
provide the Manager with a negative assurance representation (or, as applicable, an opinion) under this Section 4(l), then before the
Manager sells any Shares, the Company shall provide the Manager with such a negative assurance representation (or, as applicable, an opinion),
dated the date of the Sales Notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(m)&nbsp;<U>Auditor
Bring Down &ldquo;Comfort&rdquo; Letter</U>. Within five (5) Trading Days of each Representation Date, unless waived by the Manager, the
Company shall cause (1)&nbsp;the Company&rsquo;s auditors (the &ldquo;<U>Accountants</U>&rdquo;), or other independent accountants satisfactory
to the Manager forthwith to furnish the Manager a letter, and (2)&nbsp;the Chief Financial Officer of the Company forthwith to furnish
the Manager a certificate, in each case dated within five (5) Trading Days of such Representation Date, in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to the Manager, of the same tenor as the letters and certificate referred to in Section 6 of this Agreement but modified
to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as amended and supplemented to the date of such letters and certificate. The
requirement to furnish or cause to be furnished a &ldquo;comfort&rdquo; letter and certificate of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company
under this Section 4(m) shall be waived for any Representation Date other than a Representation Date on which a material amendment to
the Registration Statement or Prospectus is made or the Company files its Annual Report on Form 10-K or a material amendment thereto under
the Exchange Act, unless the Manager reasonably requests such deliverable required this Section 4(m) in connection with a Representation
Date, upon which request such deliverable shall be deliverable hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the requirement to furnish or
cause to be furnished a &ldquo;comfort&rdquo; letter and certificate of the Chief Financial Officer under this Section 4(m) shall be waived
for any Representation Date occurring at a time at which no Sales Notice is pending or a suspension is in effect, which waiver shall continue
until the earlier to occur of the date the Company delivers a Sales Notice hereunder (which for such calendar quarter shall be considered
a Representation Date) and the next occurring Representation Date on which the Company files its annual report on Form 10-K. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, (i) upon the delivery of the first Sales Notice hereunder and (ii) if the Company subsequently decides to sell Shares following
a Representation Date when the Company relied on such waiver and did not provide the Manager with a &ldquo;comfort&rdquo; letter and certificate
of the Chief Financial Officer under this Section 4(m), then before the Manager sells any Shares, the Company shall provide the Manager
with such a &ldquo;comfort&rdquo; letter or certificate, dated the date of the Sales Notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(n)&nbsp;<U>Due
Diligence Session</U>. Upon commencement of the offering of the Shares under this Agreement (and upon the recommencement of the offering
of the Shares under this Agreement following the termination of a suspension of sales hereunder lasting more than 30 Trading Days), and
at each Representation Date, the Company will conduct a due diligence session, in form and substance, reasonably satisfactory to the Manager,
which shall include representatives of management and Accountants. The Company shall cooperate timely with any reasonable due diligence
request from or review conducted by the Manager or its agents from time to time in connection with the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement, including, without limitation, providing information and available documents and access to appropriate corporate officers and
the Company&rsquo;s agents during regular business hours, and timely furnishing or causing to be furnished such certificates, letters
and opinions from the Company, its officers and its agents, as the Manager may reasonably request. The Company shall reimburse the Manager
for Manager&rsquo;s counsel&rsquo;s fees in each such due diligence update session, up to a maximum of $5,000 per calendar quarter, plus
any incidental expense incurred by the Manager in connection therewith. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the requirement to conduct a due
diligence session under this Section 4(n) shall be waived for any Representation Date occurring at a time at which no Sales Notice is
pending or a suspension is in effect, which waiver shall continue until the earlier to occur of the date the Company delivers a Sales
Notice hereunder (which for such calendar quarter shall be considered a Representation Date) and the next occurring Representation Date
on which the Company files its annual report on Form 10-K. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) upon the delivery of the first Sales Notice
hereunder and (ii) if the Company subsequently decides to sell Shares following a Representation Date when the Company relied on such
waiver and did not conduct a due diligence session under this Section 4(n), then before the Manager sells any Shares, the Company shall
conduct a due diligence session in accordance with this Section 4(n).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(o)&nbsp;<U>Acknowledgment
of Trading</U>. The Company consents to the Manager trading in the Common Stock for the Manager&rsquo;s own account and for the account
of its clients at the same time as sales of the Shares occur pursuant to this Agreement or pursuant to a Terms Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(p)&nbsp;<U>Disclosure
of Shares Sold</U>. The Company will disclose in its Annual Reports on Form&nbsp;10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form&nbsp;10-Q, as applicable,
the number of Shares sold through the Manager under this Agreement, the Net Proceeds to the Company and the compensation paid by the Company
with respect to sales of Shares pursuant to this Agreement during the relevant quarter; and, if required by any subsequent change in Commission
policy or request, more frequently by means of a Current Report on Form 8-K or a further Prospectus Supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(q)&nbsp;<U>Rescission
Right</U>. If to the knowledge of the Company, the conditions set forth in Section 6 shall not have been satisfied as of the applicable
Settlement Date, the Company will offer to any person who has agreed to purchase Shares from the Company as the result of an offer to
purchase solicited by the Manager the right to refuse to purchase and pay for such Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(r)&nbsp;<U>Bring
Down of Representations and Warranties</U>. Each acceptance by the Company of an offer to purchase the Shares hereunder, and each execution
and delivery by the Company of a Terms Agreement, shall be deemed to be an affirmation to the Manager that the representations and warranties
of the Company contained in or made pursuant to this Agreement, as modified by the the SEC Reports, the Incorporated Documents or the
Disclosure Schedule as the same may be updated from time to time, are true and correct as of the date of such acceptance or of such Terms
Agreement as though made at and as of such date, and an undertaking that such representations and warranties will be true and correct
as of the Settlement Date for the Shares relating to such acceptance or as of the Time of Delivery relating to such sale, as the case
may be, as though made at and as of such date (except that such representations and warranties shall be deemed to relate to the Registration
Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented relating to such Shares).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(s)&nbsp;<U>Reservation
of Shares</U>. The Company shall ensure that there are at all times sufficient shares of Common Stock to provide for the issuance, free
of any preemptive rights, out of its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock or shares of Common Stock held in treasury, of the
maximum aggregate number of Shares authorized for issuance by the Board pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. The Company will use
its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Shares to be listed for trading on the Trading Market and to maintain such listing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(t)&nbsp;<U>Obligation
Under Exchange Act</U>. During any period when the delivery of a prospectus relating to the Shares is required (including in circumstances
where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule&nbsp;172, 173 or any similar rule) to be delivered under the Act, the Company
will file all documents required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act within the time periods required by the
Exchange Act and the regulations thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(u)&nbsp;<U>DTC
Facility</U>. The Company shall cooperate with the Manager and use its reasonable efforts to permit the Shares to be eligible for clearance
and settlement through the facilities of DTC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(v)&nbsp;<U>Use
of Proceeds</U>. The Company will apply the Net Proceeds from the sale of the Shares in the manner set forth in the Prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(w)&nbsp;<U>Filing
of Prospectus Supplement</U>. If any sales are made pursuant to this Agreement which are not made in &ldquo;at the market&rdquo; offerings
as defined in Rule 415, including, without limitation, any Placement pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the Company shall file a Prospectus
Supplement describing the terms of such transaction, the amount of Shares sold, the price thereof, the Manager&rsquo;s compensation, and
such other information as may be required pursuant to Rule 424 and Rule 430B, as applicable, within the time required by Rule 424.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(x)&nbsp;<U>Additional
Registration Statement</U>. To the extent that the Registration Statement is not available for the sales of the Shares as contemplated
by this Agreement, the Company shall file a new registration statement with respect to any additional shares of Common Stock necessary
to complete such sales of the Shares and shall cause such registration statement to become effective as promptly as practicable. After
the effectiveness of any such registration statement, all references to &ldquo;<U>Registration Statement</U>&rdquo; included in this Agreement
shall be deemed to include such new registration statement, including all documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item&nbsp;12
of Form S-3, and all references to &ldquo;<U>Prospectus</U>&rdquo; included in this Agreement shall be deemed to include the final form
of prospectus, including all documents incorporated therein by reference, included in any such registration statement at the time such
registration statement became effective.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">5.&nbsp;<U>Payment
of Expenses</U>. The Company agrees to pay the costs and expenses incident to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement,
whether or not the transactions contemplated hereby are consummated, including without limitation: (i)&nbsp;the preparation, printing
or reproduction and filing with the Commission of the Registration Statement (including financial statements and exhibits thereto), the
Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and each amendment or supplement to any of them; (ii)&nbsp;the printing (or reproduction)
and delivery (including postage, air freight charges and charges for counting and packaging) of such copies of the Registration Statement,
the Prospectus, and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and all amendments or supplements to any of them, as may, in each case, be reasonably
requested for use in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares; (iii)&nbsp;the preparation, printing, authentication, issuance
and delivery of certificates for the Shares (if the Shares are not being issued in electronic form), including any stamp or transfer taxes
in connection with the original issuance and sale of the Shares; (iv)&nbsp;the printing (or reproduction) and delivery of this Agreement,
any blue sky memorandum and all other agreements or documents printed (or reproduced) and delivered in connection with the offering of
the Shares; (v)&nbsp;the registration of the Shares under the Exchange Act, if applicable, and the listing of the Shares on the Trading
Market; (vi)&nbsp;any registration or qualification of the Shares for offer and sale under the securities or blue sky laws of the several
states (including filing fees and the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel for the Manager relating to such registration and qualification);
(vii)&nbsp;the reasonable transportation and other expenses incurred by or on behalf of Company representatives in connection with presentations
to prospective purchasers of the Shares; (viii)&nbsp;the fees and expenses of the Company&rsquo;s accountants and the fees and expenses
of counsel (including local and special counsel) for the Company; (ix) the filing fee under FINRA Rule 5110; (x) the reasonable fees and
expenses of the Manager&rsquo;s counsel, not to exceed $50,000 (excluding any periodic due diligence fees provided for under Section 4(n)),
which shall be paid upon the Execution Time; and (xi) all other costs and expenses incident to the performance by the Company of its obligations
hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">6.&nbsp;<U>Conditions
to the Obligations of the Manager</U>. The obligations of the Manager under this Agreement and any Terms Agreement shall be subject to
(i)&nbsp;the accuracy of the representations and warranties on the part of the Company contained herein as of the Execution Time, each
Representation Date, and as of each Applicable Time, Settlement Date and Time of Delivery, (ii)&nbsp;the performance by the Company of
its obligations hereunder and (iii)&nbsp;the following additional conditions:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>Effectiveness
of the Registration Statement; Filing of Prospectus Supplement</U>. The Registration Statement shall have been declared effective by the
Commission and the Prospectus, and any supplement thereto, required by Rule&nbsp;424 to be filed with the Commission shall have been filed
in the manner and within the time period required by Rule&nbsp;424(b) with respect to any sale of Shares; each Prospectus Supplement shall
have been filed in the manner required by Rule&nbsp;424(b) within the time period required hereunder and under the Act; any other material
required to be filed by the Company pursuant to Rule&nbsp;433(d) under the Act, shall have been filed with the Commission within the applicable
time periods prescribed for such filings by Rule&nbsp;433; and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement
or any notice objecting to its use shall have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been instituted or threatened.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;<U>Delivery
of Opinions</U>. The Company shall have caused each of (i) the Company Counsel to furnish to the Manager its opinion and negative assurance
statement, and (ii) the Company S-3 Counsel to furnish to the Manager its opinion, in each case dated as of such date and addressed to
the Manager in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Manager.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Delivery
of Officer&rsquo;s Certificate</U>. The Company shall have furnished or caused to be furnished to the Manager a certificate of the Company
signed by the Chief Executive Officer or the President and the principal financial or accounting officer of the Company, dated as of such
date, to the effect that the signers of such certificate have carefully examined the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Prospectus
Supplement and any documents incorporated by reference therein and any supplements or amendments thereto and this Agreement and that:</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)&nbsp;the
representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct on and as of such date with the same effect as if
made on such date and the Company has complied with all the agreements and satisfied all the conditions on its part to be performed or
satisfied at or prior to such date;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii)&nbsp;no
stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any notice objecting to its use has been issued and no proceedings
for that purpose have been instituted or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(iii)&nbsp;since
the date of the most recent financial statements included in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Incorporated Documents,
there has been no Material Adverse Effect on the condition (financial or otherwise), earnings, business or properties of the Company and
its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, except as set forth in
or contemplated in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)&nbsp;<U>Delivery
of Accountants&rsquo; &ldquo;Comfort&rdquo; Letter</U>. The Company shall have requested and caused the Accountants to have furnished
to the Manager letters (which may refer to letters previously delivered to the Manager), dated as of such date, in form and substance
satisfactory to the Manager, confirming that they are independent accountants within the meaning of the Act and the Exchange Act and the
respective applicable rules and regulations adopted by the Commission thereunder and that they have performed a review of any unaudited
interim financial information of the Company included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and
provide customary &ldquo;comfort&rdquo; as to such review in form and substance satisfactory to the Manager.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)&nbsp;<U>No
Material Adverse Event</U>. Since the respective dates as of which information is disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus
and the Incorporated Documents, except as otherwise stated therein, there shall not have been (i)&nbsp;any change or decrease in previously
reported results specified in the letter or letters referred to in paragraph&nbsp;(d) of this Section 6 or (ii)&nbsp;any change, or any
development involving a prospective change, in or affecting the condition (financial or otherwise), earnings, business or properties of
the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, except
as set forth in or contemplated in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Incorporated Documents (exclusive of any amendment
or supplement thereto) the effect of which, in any case referred to in clause&nbsp;(i) or (ii)&nbsp;above, is, in the sole judgment of
the Manager, so material and adverse as to make it impractical or inadvisable to proceed with the offering or delivery of the Shares as
contemplated by the Registration Statement (exclusive of any amendment thereof), the Incorporated Documents and the Prospectus (exclusive
of any amendment or supplement thereto).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)&nbsp;<U>Payment
of All Fees</U>. The Company shall have paid the required Commission filing fees relating to the Shares within the time period required
by Rule&nbsp;456(b)(1)(i) of the Act without regard to the proviso therein and otherwise in accordance with Rules&nbsp;456(b) and 457(r)
of the Act and, if applicable, shall have updated the &ldquo;Calculation of Registration Fee&rdquo; table in accordance with Rule&nbsp;456(b)(1)(ii)
either in a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement or on the cover page&nbsp;of a prospectus filed pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(g)&nbsp;<U>No
FINRA Objections</U>. FINRA shall not have raised any objection with respect to the fairness and reasonableness of the terms and arrangements
under this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(h)&nbsp;<U>Shares
Listed on Trading Market</U>. The Shares shall have been listed and admitted and authorized for trading on the Trading Market, and satisfactory
evidence of such actions shall have been provided to the Manager.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)&nbsp;<U>Other
Assurances</U>. Prior to each Settlement Date and Time of Delivery, as applicable, the Company shall have furnished to the Manager such
further information, certificates and documents as the Manager may reasonably request.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">If any of the conditions specified
in this Section 6 shall not have been fulfilled when and as provided in this Agreement, or if any of the opinions and certificates mentioned
above or elsewhere in this Agreement shall not be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Manager and counsel for the Manager,
this Agreement and all obligations of the Manager hereunder may be canceled at, or at any time prior to, any Settlement Date or Time of
Delivery, as applicable, by the Manager. Notice of such cancellation shall be given to the Company in writing or by telephone and confirmed
in writing by electronic mail.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The documents required to
be delivered by this Section 6 shall be delivered to the office of Ellenoff Grossman &amp; Schole LLP, counsel for the Manager, at 1345
Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105, email: capmkts@egsllp.com, on each such date
as provided in this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">7.&nbsp;<U>Indemnification
and Contribution</U>.</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>Indemnification
by Company</U>. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Manager, the directors, officers, employees and agents of the Manager
and each person who controls the Manager within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act against any and all losses, claims,
damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which they or any of them may become subject under the Act, the Exchange Act or other Federal
or state statutory law or regulation, at common law or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in
respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration
Statement for the registration of the Shares as originally filed or in any amendment thereof, or in the Prospectus, any Prospectus Supplement,
any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or in any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission
or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading
or result from or relate to any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this
Agreement, and agrees to reimburse each such indemnified party for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection
with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that the Company will
not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon any such untrue
statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made therein in reliance upon and in conformity with written information
furnished to the Company by the Manager specifically for inclusion therein. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability
that the Company may otherwise have.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;<U>Indemnification
by Manager</U>. The Manager agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each of its directors, each of its officers who signs the
Registration Statement, and each person who controls the Company within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act, to the same
extent as the foregoing indemnity from the Company to the Manager, but only with reference to written information relating to the Manager
furnished to the Company by the Manager specifically for inclusion in the documents referred to in the foregoing indemnity; <U>provided</U>,
<U>however</U>, that in no case shall the Manager be responsible for any amount in excess of the Broker Fee applicable to the Shares and
paid hereunder. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which the Manager may otherwise have.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Indemnification
Procedures</U>. Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section&nbsp;7 of notice of the commencement of any action,
such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under this Section&nbsp;7, notify
the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof; but the failure so to notify the indemnifying party (i)&nbsp;will not relieve
it from liability under paragraph&nbsp;(a) or&nbsp;(b) above unless and to the extent it did not otherwise learn of such action and such
failure results in the forfeiture by the indemnifying party of substantial rights and defenses and (ii)&nbsp;will not, in any event, relieve
the indemnifying party from any obligations to any indemnified party other than the indemnification obligation provided in paragraph&nbsp;(a)
or (b)&nbsp;above. The indemnifying party shall be entitled to appoint counsel of the indemnifying party&rsquo;s choice at the indemnifying
party&rsquo;s expense to represent the indemnified party in any action for which indemnification is sought (in which case the indemnifying
party shall not thereafter be responsible for the fees and expenses of any separate counsel retained by the indemnified party or parties
except as set forth below); <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that such counsel shall be reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party.
Notwithstanding the indemnifying party&rsquo;s election to appoint counsel to represent the indemnified party in an action, the indemnified
party shall have the right to employ separate counsel (including local counsel), and the indemnifying party shall bear the reasonable
fees, costs and expenses of such separate counsel if (i)&nbsp;the use of counsel chosen by the indemnifying party to represent the indemnified
party would present such counsel with a conflict of interest, (ii)&nbsp;the actual or potential defendants in, or targets of, any such
action include both the indemnified party and the indemnifying party and the indemnified party shall have reasonably concluded that there
may be legal defenses available to it and/or other indemnified parties which are different from or additional to those available to the
indemnifying party, (iii)&nbsp;the indemnifying party shall not have employed counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party
to represent the indemnified party within a reasonable time after notice of the institution of such action or (iv)&nbsp;the indemnifying
party shall authorize the indemnified party to employ separate counsel at the expense of the indemnifying party. An indemnifying party
will not, without the prior written consent of the indemnified parties, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with
respect to any pending or threatened claim, action, suit or proceeding in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought
hereunder (whether or not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties to such claim or action) unless such settlement, compromise
or consent includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such claim, action, suit or proceeding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)&nbsp;<U>Contribution</U>.
In the event that the indemnity provided in paragraph&nbsp;(a), (b)&nbsp;or (c)&nbsp;of this Section&nbsp;7 is unavailable to or insufficient
to hold harmless an indemnified party for any reason, the Company and the Manager agree to contribute to the aggregate losses, claims,
damages and liabilities (including legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with investigating or defending the same)
(collectively &ldquo;<U>Losses</U>&rdquo;) to which the Company and the Manager may be subject in such proportion as is appropriate to
reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and by the Manager on the other from the offering of the Shares;
<U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that in no case shall the Manager be responsible for any amount in excess of the Broker Fee applicable
to the Shares and paid hereunder. If the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is unavailable for any reason, the
Company and the Manager severally shall contribute in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits but
also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and of the Manager on the other in connection with the statements or omissions
which resulted in such Losses as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. Benefits received by the Company shall be deemed
to be equal to the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by it, and benefits received by the Manager
shall be deemed to be equal to the Broker Fee applicable to the Shares and paid hereunder as determined by this Agreement. Relative fault
shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any untrue or any alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the
omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information provided by the Company on the one hand or the Manager on
the other, the intent of the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such untrue
statement or omission. The Company and the Manager agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution were determined by pro
rata allocation or any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above. Notwithstanding
the provisions of this paragraph&nbsp;(d), no person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section&nbsp;11(f)
of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. For purposes of
this Section&nbsp;7, each person who controls the Manager within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act and each director,
officer, employee and agent of the Manager shall have the same rights to contribution as the Manager, and each person who controls the
Company within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act, each officer of the Company who shall have signed the Registration Statement
and each director of the Company shall have the same rights to contribution as the Company, subject in each case to the applicable terms
and conditions of this paragraph&nbsp;(d).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">8.&nbsp;<U>Termination</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;The
Company shall have the right, by giving written notice as hereinafter specified, to terminate the provisions of this Agreement relating
to the solicitation of offers to purchase the Shares in its sole discretion at any time upon five (5) Business Days&rsquo; prior written
notice. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that (i)&nbsp;with respect to any pending
sale, through the Manager for the Company, the obligations of the Company, including in respect of compensation of the Manager, shall
remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the termination and (ii)&nbsp;the provisions of Sections&nbsp;5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, the
second sentence of 13, 14 and 15 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;The
Manager shall have the right, by giving written notice as hereinafter specified, to terminate the provisions of this Agreement relating
to the solicitation of offers to purchase the Shares in its sole discretion at any time. Any such termination shall be without liability
of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Sections&nbsp;5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, the second sentence of 13, 14 and 15
of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;This
Agreement shall remain in full force and effect until such date that this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Sections&nbsp;8(a) or (b)&nbsp;above
or otherwise by mutual agreement of the parties, provided that any such termination by mutual agreement shall in all cases be deemed to
provide that Sections&nbsp;5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, the second sentence of 13, 14 and 15 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and
effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)&nbsp;Any
termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination, provided that such termination shall
not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by the Manager or the Company, as the case may be.
If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date or Time of Delivery for any sale of the Shares, such sale of the Shares shall
settle in accordance with the provisions of Section 2(b) of this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)&nbsp;In
the case of any purchase of Shares by the Manager pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the obligations of the Manager pursuant to such Terms
Agreement shall be subject to termination, in the absolute discretion of the Manager, by prompt oral notice given to the Company prior
to the Time of Delivery relating to such Shares, if any, and confirmed promptly by electronic mail, if since the time of execution of
the Terms Agreement and prior to such delivery and payment, (i)&nbsp;trading in the Common Stock shall have been suspended by the Commission
or the Trading Market or trading in securities generally on the Trading Market shall have been suspended or limited or minimum prices
shall have been established on such exchange, (ii)&nbsp;a banking moratorium shall have been declared either by Federal or New York State
authorities or (iii)&nbsp;there shall have occurred any outbreak or escalation of hostilities, declaration by the United States of a national
emergency or war, or other calamity or crisis the effect of which on financial markets is such as to make it, in the sole judgment of
the Manager, impractical or inadvisable to proceed with the offering or delivery of the Shares as contemplated by the Prospectus (exclusive
of any amendment or supplement thereto).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">9.&nbsp;<U>Representations
and Indemnities to Survive</U>. The respective agreements, representations, warranties, indemnities and other statements of the Company
or its officers and of the Manager set forth in or made pursuant to this Agreement will remain in full force and effect, regardless of
any investigation made by the Manager or the Company or any of the officers, directors, employees, agents or controlling persons referred
to in Section&nbsp;7, and will survive delivery of and payment for the Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">10.&nbsp;<U>Notices</U>.
All communications hereunder will be in writing and effective only on receipt, and will be mailed, delivered, or e-mailed to the addresses
of the Company and the Manager, respectively, set forth on the signature page hereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">11.&nbsp;<U>Successors</U>.
This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective successors and the officers, directors,
employees, agents and controlling persons referred to in Section&nbsp;7, and no other person will have any right or obligation hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">12.&nbsp;<U>No
Fiduciary Duty</U>. The Company hereby acknowledges that (a)&nbsp;the purchase and sale of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement is an
arm&rsquo;s-length commercial transaction between the Company, on the one hand, and the Manager and any affiliate through which it may
be acting, on the other, (b)&nbsp;the Manager is acting solely as sales agent and/or principal in connection with the purchase and sale
of the Company&rsquo;s securities and not as a fiduciary of the Company and (c)&nbsp;the Company&rsquo;s engagement of the Manager in
connection with the offering and the process leading up to the offering is as independent contractors and not in any other capacity. Furthermore,
the Company agrees that it is solely responsible for making its own judgments in connection with the offering (irrespective of whether
the Manager has advised or is currently advising the Company on related or other matters). The Company agrees that it will not claim that
the Manager has rendered advisory services of any nature or respect, or owe an agency, fiduciary or similar duty to the Company, in connection
with such transaction or the process leading thereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">13.&nbsp;<U>Integration</U>.
This Agreement and any Terms Agreement supersede all prior agreements and understandings (whether written or oral) between the Company
and the Manager with respect to the subject matter hereof. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the letter agreement, dated
March 18, 2024, by and between the Company and the Manager shall continue to be effective and the terms therein shall continue to survive
and be enforceable by the Manager in accordance with its terms, provided that, in the event of a conflict between the terms of the letter
agreement and this Agreement, the terms of this Agreement shall prevail.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">14.&nbsp;<U>Amendments;
Waivers</U>. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in
the case of an amendment, by the Company and the Manager. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement
of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other
provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner
impair the exercise of any such right.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">15.&nbsp;<U>Applicable
Law</U>. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York
applicable to contracts made and to be performed within the State of New&nbsp;York. Each of the Company and the Manager: (i) agrees that
any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement shall be instituted exclusively in New York Supreme
Court, County of New York, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, (ii) waives any objection which
it may have or hereafter to the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding, and (iii) irrevocably consents to the exclusive jurisdiction
of the New York Supreme Court, County of New York, and the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in any such
suit, action or proceeding. Each of the Company and the Manager further agrees to accept and acknowledge service of any and all process
which may be served in any such suit, action or proceeding in the New York Supreme Court, County of New York, or in the United States
District Court for the Southern District of New York and agrees that service of process upon the Company mailed by certified mail to the
Company&rsquo;s address shall be deemed in every respect effective service of process upon the Company, in any such suit, action or proceeding,
and service of process upon the Manager mailed by certified mail to the Manager&rsquo;s address shall be deemed in every respect effective
service process upon the Manager, in any such suit, action or proceeding. If either party shall commence an action or proceeding to enforce
any provision of this Agreement, then the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for its
reasonable attorney&rsquo;s fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action
or proceeding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>16.&nbsp;<U>Waiver
of Jury Trial</U>. The Company hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial
by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement, any Terms Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby
or thereby. </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">17.&nbsp;<U>Counterparts</U>.
This Agreement and any Terms Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each one of which shall be an original, with the same
effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon one and the same agreement. Counterparts may be delivered via electronic mail
(including any electronic signature covered by the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, the Electronic
Signatures and Records Act or other applicable law, e.g., www.docusign.com) or other transmission
method and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">***************************</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 42; Value: 2 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">18.&nbsp;<U>Headings</U>.
The section headings used in this Agreement and any Terms Agreement are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">If the foregoing is in accordance
with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and return to us the enclosed duplicate hereof, whereupon this letter and your acceptance
shall represent a binding agreement among the Company and the Manager.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">Very truly yours,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ImmuCell Corporation</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 35%">/s/ Michael F. Brigham</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Name:&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Michael F. Brigham</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Title:</TD>
    <TD>President and CEO</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0"><U>Address for Notice</U>:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">56 Evergreen Drive</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">Portland,&nbsp;ME 04103</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">Attention: Michael F. Brigham, President and CEO</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">E-mail:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">The foregoing Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted
as of the date first written above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0"><B>CRAIG-HALLUM CAPITAL GROUP LLC</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 35%">/s/ Rick Hartfiel</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Name:&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Rick Hartfiel</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Title:</TD>
    <TD>Head of Investment Banking</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 100.1pt 0pt 0"><U>Address for Notice</U>:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 100.1pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">222 South 9<SUP>th</SUP> Street, Suite
350</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 100.1pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Minneapolis, MN 55402</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 100.1pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Attention: Rick Hartfiel, Director
of Investment Banking</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 100.1pt 0pt 0">E-mail:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Form of Terms Agreement</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ANNEX I </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ImmuCell
Corporation</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>TERMS AGREEMENT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">Dear Sirs:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">ImmuCell
Corporation (the &ldquo;<U>Company</U>&rdquo;) proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein and in the At The Market Offering
Agreement, dated April 9, 2024 (the &ldquo;<U>At The Market Offering Agreement</U>&rdquo;), between the Company and Craig-Hallum Capital
Group LLC (&ldquo;<U>Manager</U>&rdquo;), to issue and sell to Manager the securities specified in the <U>Schedule&nbsp;I</U> hereto (the
&ldquo;<U>Purchased Shares</U>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Each
of the provisions of the At The Market Offering Agreement not specifically related to the solicitation by the Manager, as agent of the
Company, of offers to purchase securities is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, and shall be deemed to be part of this
Terms Agreement to the same extent as if such provisions had been set forth in full herein. Each of the representations and warranties
set forth therein shall be deemed to have been made at and as of the date of this Terms Agreement and the Time of Delivery, except that
each representation and warranty in Section&nbsp;3 of the At The Market Offering Agreement which makes reference to the Prospectus (as
therein defined) shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty as of the date of the At The Market Offering Agreement in relation
to the Prospectus, and also a representation and warranty as of the date of this Terms Agreement and the Time of Delivery in relation
to the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to relate to the Purchased Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">An
amendment to the Registration Statement (as defined in the At The Market Offering Agreement), or a supplement to the Prospectus, as the
case may be, relating to the Purchased Shares, in the form heretofore delivered to the Manager is now proposed to be filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Subject
to the terms and conditions set forth herein and in the At The Market Offering Agreement which are incorporated herein by reference, the
Company agrees to issue and sell to the Manager and the latter agrees to purchase from the Company the number of shares of the Purchased
Shares at the time and place and at the purchase price set forth in the <U>Schedule&nbsp;I</U> hereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding, please
sign and return to us a counterpart hereof, whereupon this Terms Agreement, including those provisions of the At The Market Offering
Agreement incorporated herein by reference, shall constitute a binding agreement between the Manager and the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR>
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>ImmuCell Corporation</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 99.75pt; padding-left: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 99.75pt; padding-left: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 99.75pt; padding-left: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">ACCEPTED as of the date first written above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR>
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>CRAIG-HALLUM CAPITAL GROUP LLC</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 99.75pt; padding-left: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 99.75pt; padding-left: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 99.75pt; padding-left: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">45</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 99.75pt 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-10.1
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>ea020357301ex10-1_immucell.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CONSENT AND FIRST AMENDMENT TO ECONOMIC RECOVERY LOAN PROGRAM LOAN AGREEMENT, DATED APRIL 8, 2024, BY AND BETWEEN THE COMPANY AND THE FINANCE AUTHORITY OF MAINE
<TEXT>
<HTML>
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     <TITLE></TITLE>
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<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 10.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CONSENT AND FIRST AMENDMENT TO</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ECONOMIC RECOVERY LOAN PROGRAM</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>LOAN AGREEMENT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">This Consent and First Amendment
to Economic Recovery Loan Program Loan Agreement (this &ldquo;Amendment&rdquo;) is made and dated as of April 8, 2024, by and between
<B>IMMUCELL CORPORATION</B>, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware (the &ldquo;Borrower&rdquo;),
the <B>FINANCE AUTHORITY OF MAINE</B>, a body corporate and politic and a public instrumentality of the State of Maine (the &ldquo;Authority&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">WHEREAS, the Borrower and
the Authority are parties that certain Economic Recovery Loan Program Loan Agreement, dated as of July 17, 2023 (the &ldquo;Existing Loan
Agreement&rdquo;);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">WHEREAS, on April 1, 2024
the Borrower filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (as may be amended
from time to time, the &ldquo;Registration Statement&rdquo;) registering certain securities of the Borrower that the Borrower intends
to issue and sell from time to time in one or more offerings as described in the Registration Statement (the &ldquo;Registered Offering&rdquo;);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">WHEREAS, the Borrower has
from time to time authorized and issued, and anticipates continuing to authorize and issue, stock options or other equity awards to employees,
directors and consultants pursuant to equity incentive plans of the Borrower (collectively, the &ldquo;Equity Incentive Awards&rdquo;);
and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">WHEREAS, the parties desire
to enter into this Amendment to clarify and confirm that the Authority consents to the Registered Offering and the issuance of the Equity
Incentive Awards and to amend the Existing Loan Agreement as set forth herein to remove from the Existing Loan Agreement any restrictions
on future issuances of equity by the Borrower.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration
of the mutual representations, covenants and agreements herein set forth and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency
of which are hereby acknowledged, the Borrower and the Authority, each binding itself, its successors and assigns, hereby agree as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Consent
and Amendment</U>. The Authority hereby consents to the Registered Offering and the issuance of the Equity Incentive Awards. In addition,
the Existing Loan Agreement is hereby amended by deleting Section 6.1 thereof and replacing it in its entirety with the following:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Section 6.1. <U>The
Borrower to Maintain its Legal Existence</U>. The Borrower covenants and agrees that during the term of this Agreement it will maintain
its legal existence, will continue to be either organized under the laws of or duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation
in the State and in all jurisdictions necessary in the operation of its business, will not without the express written consent of the
Authority dissolve or otherwise sell or dispose of all or substantially all of its assets, consolidate with or merge into another entity
or permit one or more other entities to consolidate with or merge into it, enter into a domestication, a nonprofit conversion, and entity
conversion or a share exchange.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>No
Other Amendments</U>. Except as expressly amended hereby, the Existing Loan Agreement shall continue in full force and effect and is ratified
and reaffirmed in all respects.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Execution
of Counterparts</U>. This Amendment may be executed simultaneously in several counterparts each of which shall be an original and all
of which shall constitute but one and the same instrument. Any delivery by, or on behalf of, any party by fax transmission or other electronic
delivery of an image file reflecting the execution of this Amendment (i) may be relied on as if the document were a manually signed original,
and (ii) will be binding on all parties for all purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[remainder of page intentionally left blank; signature
page follows]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Authority
has caused this Amendment to be executed in its corporate name by duly authorized representatives, and the Borrower has caused this Amendment
to be executed in its corporate name and its corporate seal to be hereunto affixed by its duly authorized officer all as of the date first
above written.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">IMMUCELL CORPORATION</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(Borrower)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; width: 60%; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; width: 5%; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; width: 35%; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-top: 0in; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; layout-grid-mode: line; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Michael F. Brigham</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By: </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Michael
    F. Brigham</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Its:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Chief Executive Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">FINANCE AUTHORITY OF MAINE</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-top: 0in; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; layout-grid-mode: line; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/ Christopher Roney</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Christopher Roney</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Its:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 0in; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: left; padding-right: 0in; padding-left: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">General Counsel</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 3.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[SIGNATURE PAGE TO FIRST AMENDMENT TO ECONOMIC
RECOVERY LOAN PROGRAM LOAN AGREEMENT]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 3.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>iccc-20240408_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
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<span style="display: none;">v3.24.1.u1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140030840700368">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 08, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Apr.  08,  2024<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-12934<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">ImmuCell Corporation<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000811641<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">01-0382980<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">56 Evergreen Drive<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Portland<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">ME<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">04103<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">207<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">878-2770<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, $0.10 par value<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">ICCC<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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