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Stockholders’ Equity (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Stockholders’ Equity [Abstract]  
Schedule of Activity Under the Stock Option Plans

Activity under the stock option plans described above was as follows:

 

   2010 Plan   2017 Plan   Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value(1)
 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023   188,500    430,000   $6.82   $(1,071,121)
Grants   
    86,000   $3.91      
Terminations/forfeitures(2)   (5,000)   (35,500)  $6.55      
Exercises   
    
   $
      
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024   183,500    480,500   $6.46   $(870,558)
Grants   
    
   $
      
Terminations/forfeitures(2)   
    (23,000)  $6.66      
Exercises   
    
   $
      
Outstanding as of March 31, 2025   183,500    457,500   $6.45   $(1,066,566)
Vested as of March 31, 2025   183,500    174,500   $7.07   $(818,020)
Vested and expected to vest as of March 31, 2025   183,500    457,500   $6.45   $(1,066,566)
Reserved for future grants   
    174,500           

 

(1)Intrinsic value is the difference between the fair market value of the underlying common stock as of the date indicated and as of the date of the option grant (which is equal to the option exercise price).
(2)Terminations and forfeitures are recognized when they occur.
Schedule of Additional Information About the Stock Option Plans

The following table displays additional information about the stock option plans described above:

 

   Number of Shares   Weighted Average
Fair Value at Grant Date
   Weighted Average Exercise Price 
Non-vested stock options outstanding as of March 31, 2025   283,000   $2.94   $5.99 
Non-vested stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2024   344,000   $3.12   $6.25 
Stock options granted during the three-month period ended March 31, 2025   
   $
   $
 
Stock options that vested during the three-month period ended March  31, 2025   47,000   $4.25   $8.15 
Stock options that were terminated or forfeited during the three-month period ended March 31, 2025   23,000   $3.57   $6.66 
Schedule of Fair Value Stock Option Grant Using Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model with Weighted-Average Assumptions The fair value of each stock option grant has been estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, for the purpose discussed in Note 2(n), with the following weighted-average assumptions:
   During the Three-Month Periods Ended March 31, 
   2025   2024 
Risk-free interest rate(1)   n/a    4.29%
Dividend yield(2)   n/a    0%
Expected volatility(2)   n/a    52%
Expected life(3)   n/a    6.5 years 

 

(1)The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury yields for a maturity approximating the expected option term.
(2)The dividend yield and expected volatility are derived from averages of our historical data.
(3)The expected life is calculated utilizing the simplified method, which uses the mid-point between the vesting period and the contractual term as the expected life.