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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2020
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation. The condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Dawson Operating LLC, Eagle Canada, Inc., Dawson Seismic Services Holdings, Inc., Eagle Canada Seismic Services ULC and Exploration Surveys, Inc. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. Management prepares its allowance for doubtful accounts receivable based on our current estimate of expected credit losses by review of its past-due accounts, its past experience of historical write-offs, its current client base and general market conditions. While the collectability of outstanding client invoices is continually assessed, the inherent volatility of the energy industry’s business cycle can cause swift and unpredictable changes in the financial stability of the Company’s clients. In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (“Topic 326”): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which requires entities to measure expected credit losses for certain financial assets using a new, forward-looking current expected credit loss model (“CECL”) that will result in the earlier recognition of allowances for losses. Subsequent ASUs were issued to provide additional guidance. On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted Topic 326 using the modified retrospective method. The provisions of Topic 326 did not significantly impact the method or timing that the Company recognizes expected credit losses and the cumulative effect of adoption was immaterial on its consolidated financial statements. The Company’s financial instruments within the scope of this guidance primarily includes trade receivables. The Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts was $250,000 at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
Notes Receivable | Notes Receivable. The Company’s notes receivable consist of one note receivable from the purchaser of certain dynamite energy source drilling equipment. This note receivable is stated at the unpaid principal balance. An allowance for note losses was not deemed necessary at September 30, 2020. Interest is recognized over the term of the note and is calculated using the simple-interest method. Amounts payable to the Company under the note receivable are fully collateralized by the specific dynamite energy source drilling equipment sold to the note payor. This financial instrument also falls within the scope of Topic 326.
Leases | Leases. The Company leases certain vehicles, seismic recording equipment, real property and office equipment under lease agreements. The Company evaluates each lease to determine its appropriate classification as a finance lease or an operating lease for financial reporting purposes. The assets and liabilities under finance leases are recorded at the lower of the present value of the minimum lease payments or the fair market value of the related assets. Assets under finance leases are amortized using the straight-line method over the initial lease term. Amortization of assets under finance leases is included in depreciation expense. Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities, primarily for office and shop space, are recognized based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s operating leases do not provide an implicit rate, an incremental borrowing rate was used in determining the present value. The Company will use the implicit rate when readily determinable. The Company’s operating lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that those options will be exercised. Operating lease cost for lease payments will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is included in operating expense.
Property and Equipment | Property and Equipment. Property and equipment is capitalized at historical cost or the fair value of assets acquired in a business combination and is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. Management’s estimation of this useful life is based on circumstances that exist in the seismic industry and information available at the time of the purchase of the asset. As circumstances change and new information becomes available, these estimates could change. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the balance sheet, and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in the results of operations for the period.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets | Impairment of Long-lived Assets. Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment when triggering events occur suggesting deterioration in the assets’ recoverability or fair value. Recognition of an impairment charge is required if future expected undiscounted net cash flows are insufficient to recover the carrying value of the assets and the fair value of the assets is below the carrying value of the assets. Management’s forecast of future cash flows used to perform impairment analysis includes estimates of future revenues and expenses based on the Company’s anticipated future results while considering anticipated future oil and natural gas prices, which is fundamental in assessing demand for the Company’s services. If the carrying amounts of the assets exceed the estimated expected undiscounted future cash flows, the Company measures the amount of possible impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the assets to the fair value.
Stock-Based Compensation | Stock-Based Compensation. The Company measures all stock-based compensation awards, which include stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and common stock awards, using the fair value method and recognizes compensation expense as operating or general and administrative expense, as appropriate, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive (Loss) Income on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the related awards.
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements | Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements. Preparation of the accompanying financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Because of the use of assumptions and estimates inherent in the reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition. Services are provided under cancelable service contracts which usually have an original expected duration of one year or less. These contracts are either “turnkey” or “term” agreements. Under both types of agreements, the Company recognizes revenues as the services are performed. Revenue is generally recognized based on square miles of data recorded compared to total square miles anticipated to be recorded on the survey using the total estimated revenue for the service contract. In the case of a cancelled service contract, the client is billed and revenue is recognized for any third party charges and square miles of data recorded up to the date of cancellation. The Company receives reimbursements for certain out-of-pocket expenses under the terms of the service contracts. The amounts billed to clients are included at their gross amount in the total estimated revenue for the service contract. Clients are billed as permitted by the service contract. Contract assets and contract liabilities are the result of timing differences between revenue recognition, billings and cash collections. If billing occurs prior to the revenue recognition or billing exceeds the revenue recognized, the amount is considered deferred revenue and a contract liability. Conversely, if the revenue recognition exceeds the billing, the excess is considered an unbilled receivable and a contract asset. As services are performed, those deferred revenue amounts are recognized as revenue. In some instances, third-party permitting, surveying, drilling, helicopter, equipment rental and mobilization costs that directly relate to the contract are utilized to fulfill the contract obligations. These fulfillment costs are capitalized in other current assets and generally amortized based on the total square miles of data recorded compared to total square miles anticipated to be recorded on the survey using the total estimated fulfillment costs for the service contract. Estimates for total revenue and total fulfillment cost on any service contract are based on significant qualitative and quantitative judgments. Management considers a variety of factors such as whether various components of the performance obligation will be performed internally or externally, cost of third party services and facts and circumstances unique to the performance obligation in making these estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements | Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements ​ In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (“Topic 740”): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and by clarifying and amending existing guidance to improve consistent application. This ASU is effective for the annual period beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within that annual period. Certain amendments within this ASU are required to be applied on a retrospective basis for all periods presented; others are to be applied using a modified retrospective approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings, if any, as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted; and yet others are to be applied using either basis. All other amendments not specified in the ASU should be applied on a prospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. An entity that elects to early adopt in an interim period should reflect any adjustments as of the beginning of the annual period that includes that interim period. Additionally, an entity that elects early adoption must adopt all the amendments in the same period. The Company is currently evaluating the new guidance to determine the impact it will have on its consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurement by removing, modifying, and adding certain disclosures. This ASU is effective for the annual period beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that annual period. The Company adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2020 and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

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