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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

11.

Income Taxes

The Company's effective tax rate (ETR) from continuing operations was 24.7% for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 23.8% for the three months ended December 31, 2018. The Company's current year effective tax rate increased compared to the prior year tax rate as a result of an increase to permanent differences between book and taxable income in the deductibility of meals, employer provided parking, and compensation of officers.  In addition, the Company's rate varied from the prior year's as a result of the vesting of stock compensation where the tax deduction differed from the book expense, state taxes, changes in the valuation allowance against state net operating losses, and changes in state statutory rates.  

The income tax provision for the three months ended December 31, 2019 results in an effective tax rate of 24.7% which differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to permanent book and tax deductible expense differences, state taxes, changes in the valuation allowance against state net operating losses, routine stock vestings and exercises, and changes in state apportionment and state statutory rates. We continue to maintain a valuation allowance on a portion of our state net operating losses in jurisdictions with shortened carryforward periods or in jurisdictions where our operations have significantly decreased as compared to prior years in which the net operating losses were generated.

As of September 30, 2019, the Company had aggregate federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of $478.3 million and $228.3 million, respectively, which expire in 2027-2037 and 2020-2039, respectively.  Approximately $2.7 million of state net operating loss carryforwards are expiring in 2020.