5. Revenue

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

On April 30, 2018, we adopted ASU 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (ASC Topic 606 or the “new standard”) using the retrospective modified method. The retrospective modified method requires an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings for the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard. As permitted by the transition guidance, we elected to apply the new standard only to contracts that were not completed at the date of initial application, and therefore, we only evaluated those contracts that were in-process and not completed before April 30, 2018.

The application of the new standard did not result in a material impact to the opening balance of retained earnings, and therefore no adjustment to retained earnings was recorded. The largest impact of applying the new standard are the required qualitative and quantitative disclosures and the presentation and classification related to estimates of allowances for sales returns. The cumulative effect of the classification changes related to our allowances for sales returns on our April 30, 2018, balance sheet are as follows:


(dollars in thousands)	Balance at April 29, 2018		Adjustments Due to ASC 606 Adoption (1)		Balance at April 30, 2018
Balance Sheet
Assets:
Accounts Receivable	$	26,307	$	1,145	$	27,452
Other Current Assets		2,870		27		2,897
Liabilities:
Accrued Expenses		9,325		1,172		10,497

(1)

The adjustments associated with the adoption of the new standard are related to classifying allowances for estimated sales returns as a liability rather than as a contra account to accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet for the current year’s presentation only. As required under the new standard, we also recorded the estimated allowance for sales returns on a gross basis rather than a net basis by separately reflecting a return goods asset within other current assets rather than netting such amounts with the estimated sales returns liability.

Currently, we expect the adoption of this new standard to be immaterial to our net income on an ongoing basis. The effect of adopting ASC 606 on our Consolidated Statements of Net Income for the three-month and nine-month periods ended January 27, 2019, are as follows:


(dollars in thousands)	Three Months Ended January 27, 2019		Adjustments Due to ASC 606 Adoption (1)		Balances Without ASC 606 Adoption
Statements of Net Income
Net Sales	$	77,226	$	13	$	77,239
Cost of Sales		63,103		13		63,116


(dollars in thousands)	Nine Months Ended January 27, 2019		Adjustments Due to ASC 606 Adoption (1)			Balances Without ASC 606 Adoption
Statements of Net Income
Net Sales	$	225,705	$	(17	)	$	225,688
Cost of Sales		187,697		(17	)		187,680

The effect of adopting ASC 606 on our Consolidated Balance Sheets for the period ended January 27, 2019, is as follows:


(dollars in thousands)	January 27, 2019		Adjustments Due to ASC 606 Adoption (1)		Balances Without ASC 606 Adoption
Balance Sheet
Assets:
Accounts Receivable	$	26,142	$	(1,092)	$	25,050
Other Current Assets		2,954		(17)		2,937
Liabilities:
Accrued Expenses	$	9,740		(1,109)	$	8,631

(1)

Nature of Performance Obligations

Our operations are classified into three business segments: mattress fabrics, upholstery fabrics, and home accessories. The mattress fabrics segment manufactures, sources, and sells fabrics and mattress covers primarily to bedding manufacturers. The upholstery fabrics segment manufactures, sources, develops, and sells fabrics primarily to residential and commercial furniture manufacturers. Effective April 1, 2018, we acquired Read (see Note 3 for further details), a turn key provider of window treatments that offer sourcing of upholstery fabrics and other products, measurement, and installation services of their own products for the hospitality and commercial industries. In addition, Read supplies soft goods such as decorative top sheets, coverlets, duvet covers, bed skirts, bolsters and pillows. The home accessories segment is our new finished products business that manufactures, sources and sells bedding accessories and home goods directly to consumers and businesses through global e-commerce and business-to-business sales channels.

Our primary performance obligations include the sale of mattress fabrics, upholstery fabrics, bedding and home accessories products, as well as the performance of customized fabrication and installation services associated with window treatments.

Significant Judgments

Revenue is recognized upon the transfer of control of promised products or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those products or services. We determined that our customer purchase orders represent contracts as defined in the new standard. In addition to purchase orders, we also have supply contracts with certain customers that define standard terms and conditions. Our contracts generally include promises to sell either upholstery fabric, mattress fabric, or bedding accessories and home goods products or promises to provide fabrication and installation services associated with customized window treatments. The transaction price is typically allocated to performance obligations based upon stand-alone selling prices. We did not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations as substantially all of any unsatisfied performance obligations as of January 27, 2019, will be satisfied within one year or less. Revenue associated with sales of our products are recognized at the point-in-time when control of the promised goods has been transferred to the customer. The point-in-time when control transfers to the customer depends on the contractually agreed upon shipping terms, but typically occurs once the product has been shipped or once it has been delivered to a location specified by the customer. For certain warehousing arrangements, transfer of control to the customer is deemed to have occurred when the customer pulls the inventory for use in their production. Revenue associated with our customized fabrication services, which are performed on various types of window treatments, is recognized over time once the customized products are deemed to have no alternative use but for which we have an enforceable right to payment for the services performed. Revenue for our customized fabrication services is recognized over time using the output method based on units produced. Revenue associated with our installation services is also recognized over time as the customer receives and consumes the benefits of the promised installation services. Revenue associated with our installation services is recognized over time using the output method based on units installed.

We evaluated the nature of any guarantees or warranties related to our contracts with customers and determined that any such warranties are assurance-type warranties that cover only compliance with agreed upon specifications, and therefore are not considered separate performance obligations. We have elected to treat both shipping costs and handling costs as fulfillment costs which are classified in the Consolidated Statements of Net Income as cost of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively.

Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for the transfer of the promised products and services. The amount of consideration we expect to receive changes due to variable consideration associated with allowances for sales returns, early payment discounts, and volume rebates that we offer to customers. The amount of variable consideration which is included in the transaction price is only included in net sales to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur in a future period. Our mattress fabrics and upholstery fabrics business segments only allow product returns to the extent that the products or services did not meet the contractually agreed upon specifications at the time of the sale. Customers must receive authorization prior to returning those products. Our home accessories business segment allows product returns for any reason provided the product is returned within the stated time frame, generally 30 days, unless the product was customized in which case a defect must be present in order to return the product. Estimates of allowances for sales returns are based on historical data, current potential product return issues, and known sales returns for which customers have been granted return authorization. Known sales returns for which customers have been granted permission to return products for a refund or credit, continue to be recorded as a contra account receivable. Estimates for potential future sales returns and related customer accommodations are now recorded within accrued expenses as required by the new standard. Under the new standard we record estimates for sales returns on a gross basis rather than a net basis and an estimate for a right of return asset is recorded in other current assets and cost of goods sold. Variable consideration associated with early payment cash discounts are estimated using current payment trends and historical data on a customer-by-customer basis. The variable consideration associated with volume rebates are based on the portion of the rebate earned relative to the total amount of rebates the customer is expected to earn over the rebate period as determined using historical data and projections.

Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. We generally recognize sales commission as expense when incurred because the amortization period is one year or less. Sales commissions are recorded within selling, general, and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Net Income.

Contract Assets & Liabilities

Certain contracts, primarily those for customized fabrication and installation services, require upfront customer deposits that result in a contract liability which is recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as deferred revenue. If upfront deposits or prepayment are not required, customers may be granted credit terms which generally range from 15 – 45 days. Such terms are common within the industries in which we are associated and are not considered financing arrangements. There were no contract assets recognized as of January 27, 2019.

A summary of the activity of deferred revenue for the three-month and nine-month periods ended January 27, 2019 follows:


(dollars in thousands)	Three Months Ended January 27, 2019
Balance as of October 28, 2018	$	649
Revenue recognized on contract liabilities during the period		(637)
Payments received for services not yet rendered during the period		480

Balance as of January 27, 2019	$	492


(dollars in thousands)	Nine Months Ended January 27, 2019
Balance as of April 29, 2018	$	809
Revenue recognized on contract liabilities during the period		(2,171)
Payments received for services not yet rendered during the period		1,854

Balance as of January 27, 2019	$	492

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table presents our disaggregated revenue by segment, timing of revenue recognition, and product sales versus services rendered for the three-month period ending January 27, 2019:


Net Sales
(dollars in thousands)	Mattress Fabrics		Upholstery Fabrics		Home Accessories		Total
Products transferred at a point in time	$	35,732	$	34,730	$	4,390	$	74,852
Services transferred over time		—		2,374		—		2,374

Total Net Sales	$	35,732	$	37,104	$	4,390	$	77,226

The following table presents our disaggregated revenue by segment, timing of revenue recognition, and product sales versus services rendered for the nine-month period ending January 27, 2019:


Net Sales
(dollars in thousands)	Mattress Fabrics		Upholstery Fabrics		Home Accessories		Total
Products transferred at a point in time	$	107,335	$	98,610	$	11,759	$	217,704
Services transferred over time		—		8,001		—		8,001

Total Net Sales	$	107,335	$	106,611	$	11,759	$	225,705