<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001641172-25-022288.txt : 20250805
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<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20250805172057
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001641172-25-022288
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		15
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20250805
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20250805
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20250805

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			SurgePays, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001392694
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS (NO RADIO TELEPHONE) [4813]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	06 Technology
		EIN:				980550352
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NV
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-40992
		FILM NUMBER:		251186223

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		3124 BROTHER BLVD
		STREET 2:		SUITE 104
		CITY:			BARTLETT
		STATE:			TN
		ZIP:			38133
		BUSINESS PHONE:		901-302-9587

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		3124 BROTHER BLVD
		STREET 2:		SUITE 104
		CITY:			BARTLETT
		STATE:			TN
		ZIP:			38133

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	Surge Holdings, Inc.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20180102

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	KSIX Media Holdings, Inc.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20150728

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	North American Energy Resources, Inc.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20150528
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<p style="font: 18pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

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20549</b></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Registrant&#8217;s telephone number, including
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Check the appropriate box below if the 8-K filing
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b)
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (17 CFR &#167;230.405) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (17 CFR &#167;240.12b-2).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check
mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b></b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>Item 1.01. Entry into a Material Definitive
Agreement.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On August 5, 2025, SurgePays, Inc., a
Nevada corporation (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Company</span>&#8221;) entered into an At The Market Offering Agreement (the &#8220;ATM Agreement&#8221;)
with Titan Partners Group LLC, a division of American Capital Partners, LLC (&#8220;Titan&#8221;), pursuant to which the Company may
offer and sell shares of its common stock (subject to certain limitations set forth in the ATM Agreement), from time to time, to or through
Titan, acting as sales agent and/or principal. Sales of shares of  common stock, if any, pursuant to the ATM Agreement will be made by
any method permitted that is deemed an &#8220;at the market&#8221; offering as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the &#8220;Securities Act&#8221;).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company is not obligated to make any sales
of common stock under the ATM Agreement and no assurance can be given that the Company will sell any shares under the ATM Agreement,
or, if it does, as to the price or amount of shares that the Company will sell, or the dates on which any such sales will take place.
The offering of shares of Company common stock pursuant to the ATM Agreement will terminate upon the termination of the ATM Agreement
as permitted therein.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The shares of Company common stock will be sold
pursuant to the Company&#8217;s effective shelf registration statement on Form&#160;S-3&#160;and an accompanying prospectus (Registration
Statement&#160;No. 333-273110), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;Commission&#8221;) on July 3,
2023, and&#160;declared effective by the Commission on November 3, 2023, including the base prospectus contained therein, as supplemented
by a prospectus supplement dated August 5, 2025 (the &#8220;Prospectus Supplement&#8221;) and filed with the Commission pursuant
to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act. In accordance with the terms of the ATM Agreement, under the Prospectus Supplement, the Company
may offer and sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $15,000,000, from time to time, to or
through Titan, which is within the Company&#8217;s current &#8220;baby shelf&#8221; limitations under General Instruction I.B.6. of Form
S-3.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company will pay Titan a commission at a fixed
rate of 3.0% of the gross proceeds of each sale of shares of Company common stock sold through or to Titan under the ATM Agreement and
will reimburse Titan for the fees and disbursements of its legal counsel incurred in connection with entering into the transactions contemplated
by the ATM Agreement, in addition to fees at each &#8220;Representation Date&#8221; (as defined in the ATM Agreement) in connection with
ongoing diligence arising from the transactions contemplated by the ATM Agreement.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company made certain customary representations,
warranties and covenants in the ATM Agreement concerning the Company and its subsidiaries and the registration statement and base prospectus
contained therein, the Prospectus Supplement and other documents and filings relating to the offering of the shares. In
addition, the Company has also provided Titan with customary indemnification rights.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company intends to use the net proceeds from
the offering, if any, after deducting commissions payable to Titan and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company, for the expansion
of the Company&#8217;s Lifeline business, working capital and general corporate purposes.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The foregoing description of the ATM Agreement
is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the ATM Agreement, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit
10.1 to this Current Report on Form&#160;8-K (this &#8220;Current Report&#8221;)&#160;and is incorporated herein by reference.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This Current Report shall not constitute an offer
to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities of the Company nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any jurisdiction
in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such
jurisdiction.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A copy of the opinion of Ellenoff Grossman &amp;
Schole LLP regarding the shares of common stock to be sold under the ATM Agreement is filed as Exhibit 5.1 to this Current Report
and incorporated herein by reference.&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>(d) Exhibits.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 10pt">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 72px"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Exhibit No</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 10px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">1.1</p>
</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><a href="ex1-1.htm"><span style="font-size: 10pt">At the Market Offering Agreement, dated August 5, 2025, between SurgePays, Inc., and Titan Partners Group LLC</span>, <span style="font-size: 10pt">a division of American Capital Partners, LLC</span></a></p>
</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">5.1</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><a href="ex5-1.htm"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Opinion of Ellenoff Grossman &amp; Schole LLP</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>23.1</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><a href="ex5-1.htm">Consent of Ellenoff Grossman &amp; Schole LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)</a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">104</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Cover Page Interactive Date (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)</span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURE</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>SURGEPAYS, INC.</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 50%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 3%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 47%">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Date: August 5, 2025</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/ Kevin Brian Cox</i></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Kevin Brian Cox</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Chief Executive Officer</span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><B>Exhibit 1.1</B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SURGEPAYS,
INC.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
Stock</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">($0.001
par value per share)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AT
THE MARKET OFFERING AGREEMENT</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">August
5, 2025</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Titan
Partners Group LLC,</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a
division of American Capital Partners, LLC</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4
World Trade Center, 29th Floor</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New
York, NY 10007</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ladies
and Gentlemen:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SurgePays,
Inc., a corporation formed under the laws of the State of Nevada (the &ldquo;<U>Company</U>&rdquo;), proposes, subject to the terms and
conditions stated herein, to issue and sell from time to time to or through Titan Partners Group LLC, a division of American Capital
Partners, LLC (the &ldquo;<U>Agent</U>&rdquo;), as sales agent and/or principal, shares (the &ldquo;<U>Shares</U>&rdquo;<I>) </I>of the
Company&rsquo;s common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the &ldquo;<U>Common Stock</U>&rdquo;), on the terms and subject to the conditions
set forth in Section 2 of this Agreement (the &ldquo;<U>Agreement</U>&rdquo;). The Company agrees that whenever it determines to sell
Shares directly to the Agent as principal, it will enter into a separate agreement (each, a &ldquo;<U>Terms Agreement</U>&rdquo;) in
substantially the form of <U>Annex I</U> hereto, relating to such sale in accordance with Section 3 of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has prepared and filed not earlier than three years prior to the date hereof, or will prepare and file, with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;<U>Commission</U>&rdquo;) a registration statement on Form S-3, and such amendments to such registration
statement as may have been or will be required to the date of this Agreement, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;<U>1933
Act</U>&rdquo;) and the rules and regulations of the Commission under the 1933 Act (the &ldquo;<U>1933 Act Regulations</U>&rdquo;). Such
registration statement, at any given time, including the amendments, the exhibits and schedules thereto at such time, the documents incorporated
or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act at such time and the documents and
information otherwise deemed to be a part thereof or included therein by Rule 430B under the 1933 Act (the &ldquo;<U>Rule 430B Information</U>&rdquo;)
or otherwise pursuant to the 1933 Act Regulations at such time, is herein called the &ldquo;<U>Registration Statement</U>.&rdquo; Any
registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the 1933 Act Regulations is herein called the &ldquo;<U>Rule 462(b) Registration
Statement</U>&rdquo; and, after such filing, the term &ldquo;<U>Registration Statement</U>&rdquo; shall include the Rule 462(b) Registration
Statement. The Registration Statement at the time it shall become effective is herein called the &ldquo;<U>Initial Registration Statement</U>&rdquo;.
The prospectus in the form in which it appeared in the Initial Registration Statement is herein called the &ldquo;<U>Base Prospectus</U>.&rdquo;
Promptly after execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company will prepare and file with the Commission a prospectus supplement
to the Base Prospectus relating to the Shares and the offering thereof in accordance with the provisions of Rule 430B (&ldquo;<U>Rule
430B</U>&rdquo;) and Rule 424(b) (&ldquo;<U>Rule 424(b)</U>&rdquo;) of the 1933 Act Regulations. Such supplemental form of prospectus
(including the Base Prospectus as so supplemented), in the form filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act
is herein called the &ldquo;<U>Prospectus</U>.&rdquo; Any reference herein to the Base Prospectus, or the Prospectus shall be deemed
to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act as of the
date of such prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the purposes of this Agreement:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<U>Applicable
Time</U>&rdquo; means, with respect to any Shares, the time of sale of such Shares pursuant to this Agreement; the Prospectus and the
applicable Issuer Free Writing Prospectus(es) issued at or prior to such Applicable Time, taken together (collectively, and, with respect
to any Shares, together with the public offering price of such Shares, the &ldquo;<U>General Disclosure Package</U>&rdquo;) as of each
Applicable Time and each Settlement Date, will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact
necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and
each applicable Issuer Free Writing Prospectus will not conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus
Supplement or the Prospectus and each such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, as supplemented by and taken together with the General Disclosure
Package as of such Applicable Time, will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary
in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<U>Issuer
Free Writing Prospectus</U>&rdquo; means any &ldquo;issuer free writing prospectus,&rdquo; as defined in Rule 433 of the 1933 Act Regulations
(&ldquo;<U>Rule 433</U>&rdquo;), including without limitation any &ldquo;free writing prospectus&rdquo; (as defined in Rule 405 of the
1933 Act Regulations (&ldquo;<U>Rule 405</U>&rdquo;)) relating to the Shares that is (i) required to be filed with the Commission by
the Company, (ii) a &ldquo;road show that is a written communication&rdquo; within the meaning of Rule 433(d)(8)(i), whether or not required
to be filed with the Commission, or (iii) exempt from filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433(d)(5)(i) because it contains a
description of the Shares or of the offering that does not reflect the final terms, in each case in the form filed or required to be
filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company&rsquo;s records pursuant to Rule 433(g).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<U>Issuer
General Use Free Writing Prospectus</U>&rdquo; means any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that is intended for general distribution to
prospective investors (other than a &ldquo;bona fide electronic road show,&rdquo; as defined in Rule 433).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<U>Issuer
Limited Use Free Writing Prospectus</U>&rdquo; means any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that is not an Issuer General Use Free Writing
Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<U>Offering</U>&rdquo;
means the offering and sale of the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<U>SEC
Reports</U>&rdquo; means all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under the
1933 Act and the 1934 Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such
shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<U>Statutory
Prospectus</U>&rdquo; means the Base Prospectus, as amended and supplemented immediately prior to the Applicable Time, including any
document incorporated by reference therein and any prospectus supplement deemed to be a part thereof, including the final prospectus
supplement dated the date hereof. For purposes of this definition, Rule 430B Information contained in a form of prospectus that is deemed
retroactively to be a part of the Registration Statement shall be considered to be included in the Statutory Prospectus as of the actual
time that form of prospectus is filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information which is &ldquo;described&rdquo;, &ldquo;contained,&rdquo;
&ldquo;included&rdquo; or &ldquo;stated&rdquo; (or other references of like import) in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus,
or the Prospectus shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other information incorporated
or deemed incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, or the Prospectus, as the case may be, prior
to the execution and delivery of this Agreement; and all references in this Agreement to amendments or supplements to the Registration
Statement, the Base Prospectus, or the Prospectus shall be deemed to mean and include the filing of any document under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (collectively, the &ldquo;<U>1934 Act</U>&rdquo;),
incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, or the Prospectus, as the
case may be, at or after the execution and delivery of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
1. <U>Representations and Warranties</U>. The Company represents and warrants to the Agent that as of the date of this Agreement, and
except as set forth in the SEC Reports, any applicable Registration Statement Amendment Date (as defined in Section 3 below), each Company
Periodic Report Date (as defined in Section 3 below), each Applicable Time and each Settlement Date (as defined in Section 2 below):</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
<U>Registration Statement and Prospectuses</U>. The Company meets the requirements for use of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act subject to
General Instruction I.B.1 of Form S-3 or, if applicable, General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3 with respect to the aggregate market value
of securities sold pursuant to this offering and during the 12 month period immediately prior to such time that this representation is
made or deemed to be made. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto
has been issued under the 1933 Act, no order preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus has been issued and no proceedings for
any of those purposes have been instituted or are pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, contemplated. The Company has complied
with each request (if any) from the Commission for additional information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
of the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time it became or will become effective, complied and
will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations. The Prospectus and any amendment
or supplement thereto, at the time each was filed with the Commission, complied in all material respects with the requirements of the
1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, when they were filed
with the Commission, complied in all material respects with the requirements of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission
under the 1934 Act (the &ldquo;<U>1934 Act Regulations</U>&rdquo;); and any further documents so filed and incorporated by reference
in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, when such documents are filed with the Commission, will comply in all material respects
to the requirements of the 1934 Act Regulations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)
<U>Accurate Disclosure</U>. Neither the Registration Statement nor any amendment thereto, at its effective time, at each Company Periodic
Report Date, at each Applicable Time and at each Settlement Date, contained, contains or will contain an untrue statement of a material
fact or omitted, omits or will omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein
not misleading. As of the Applicable Time, none of (A) the General Disclosure Package and (B) any individual Issuer Limited Use Free
Writing Prospectus, when considered together with the General Disclosure Package, included, includes or will include an untrue statement
of a material fact or omitted, omits or will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the
light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Neither the Prospectus nor any amendment or supplement thereto
(including any prospectus wrapper), as of its issue date, at the time of any filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b), at each
Company Periodic Report Date, at each Applicable Time and at each Settlement Date, included, includes or will include an untrue statement
of a material fact or omitted, omits or will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the
light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference
in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, at the time the Registration Statement became effective
or when such documents incorporated by reference were filed with the Commission, as the case may be, when read together with the other
information in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, as the case may be, did not and will not
include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
representations and warranties in this subsection shall not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement (or any
amendment thereto), the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) made in reliance upon and
in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by the Agent expressly for use therein.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)
<U>Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses</U>. No Issuer Free Writing Prospectus conflicts or will conflict with the information contained
in the Registration Statement, any Statutory Prospectus or the Prospectus, including any document incorporated by reference therein,
and any preliminary or other prospectus deemed to be a part thereof that has not been superseded or modified.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iv)
<U>Stock Exchange Listing</U>. The shares of Common Stock have been approved for listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market (the &ldquo;<U>Exchange</U>&rdquo;),
and the Company has taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of, delisting the shares of Common Stock from the Exchange,
nor has the Company received any notification that the Exchange is contemplating terminating such listing except as described in the
Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. The Company will promptly submit the Listing of Additional Shares
Notification Form with the Exchange with respect to the Offering of the Shares following the execution of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(v)
<U>Disclosure of Agreements</U>. The agreements and documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference and as described
in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus conform in all material respects to the descriptions thereof
contained or incorporated by reference therein and there are no agreements or other documents required by the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act
Regulations to be described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus or to be filed with the Commission
as exhibits to the Registration Statement or to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or
the Prospectus, that have not been so described or filed or incorporated by reference. Each agreement or other instrument that is incorporated
by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, has been duly authorized and validly executed
by the Company, is in full force and effect in all material respects and is enforceable against the Company and, to the Company&rsquo;s
knowledge, the other parties thereto, in accordance with its terms, except (x) as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors&rsquo; rights generally, (y) as enforceability of any indemnification or contribution
provision may be limited under the federal and state securities laws, and (z) that the remedy of specific performance and injunctive
and other forms of equitable relief may be subject to the equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding
therefor may be brought. None of such agreements or instruments has been assigned by the Company, and the Company is not in default thereunder
and, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, no event has occurred that, with the lapse of time or the giving of notice, or both, would constitute
a default thereunder, except for any default which would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change (as defined
below). To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, performance by the Company of the material provisions of such agreements or instruments will
not result in a violation of any existing applicable law, rule, regulation, judgment, order or decree of any governmental agency or court,
domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its assets or businesses (each, a &ldquo;<U>Governmental Entity</U>&rdquo;),
including, without limitation, those relating to environmental laws and regulations, except for any violation which would not reasonably
be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(vi)
<U>Prior Securities Transactions</U>. Subsequent to the date of the latest audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference
in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, and except as may otherwise be indicated or contemplated herein
or disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company has not: (i) issued any securities
or incurred any liability or obligation, direct or contingent, for borrowed money; or (ii) declared or paid any dividend or made any
other distribution on or in respect to its capital stock. For the last three years, no securities of the Company have been sold by the
Company or by or on behalf of, or for the benefit of, any person or persons controlling, controlled by or under common control with the
Company, except as disclosed or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(vii)
<U>Regulations</U>. The disclosures in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus concerning the effects of
material applicable federal, state, local and all foreign regulation on the Offering and the Company&rsquo;s business as currently conducted
are correct in all material respects and no other such regulations are required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure
Package and the Prospectus which are not so disclosed.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(viii)
<U>No Other Distribution of Offering Materials</U>. The Company has not, directly or indirectly, distributed and will not distribute
any offering material in connection with the Offering other than the Disclosure Package, the Prospectus and other materials, if any,
permitted under the 1933 Act and consistent with Section 3(a) below.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ix)
<U>No Material Adverse Change</U>. Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure
Package and the Prospectus, except as otherwise specifically stated therein or incorporated by reference: (i) there has been no material
adverse change in the financial position or results of operations of the Company, nor any change or development that, singularly or in
the aggregate, would involve a material adverse change or a prospective material adverse change, in or affecting the condition (financial
or otherwise), results of operations, business, assets or prospects of the Company (a &ldquo;<U>Material Adverse Change</U>&rdquo;);
(ii) there have been no material transactions entered into by the Company, other than as contemplated pursuant to this Agreement; and
(iii) no executive officer or director of the Company has resigned from their respective officer or director position with the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(x)
[<U>Reserved]</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xi)
<U>Disclosures in Commission Filings</U>. Since January 1, 2023, (i) none of the SEC Reports contained any untrue statement of a material
fact or omitted to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under
which they were made, not misleading; and (ii) the Company has made all filings with the Commission required under the 1934 Act and the
rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder (the &ldquo;<U>1934 Act Regulations</U>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xii)
<U>Independent Accountants</U>. To the knowledge of the Company, each of Rodefer Moss &amp; Co, PLLC (&ldquo;<U>RM</U>&rdquo;) and TAAD,
LLP (&ldquo;<U>TAAD</U>&rdquo;), or such other independent accountants whose respective reports are filed with the Commission and included
or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Auditors</U>&rdquo;),
is an independent registered public accounting firm as required by the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations and the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board. The Auditors have not, during the periods covered by the financial statements included or incorporated by reference
in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, provided to the Company any non-audit services, as such term
is used in Section 10A(g) of the 1934 Act, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xiii)
<U>Financial Statements, etc</U>. The financial statements, including the notes thereto and supporting schedules included or incorporated
by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, fairly present in all material respects the financial
position and the results of operations of the Company at the dates and for the periods to which they apply; and such financial statements
have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (&ldquo;<U>GAAP</U>&rdquo;), consistently applied
throughout the periods involved (provided that unaudited interim financial statements are subject to year-end audit adjustments that
are not expected to be material in the aggregate and do not contain all footnotes required by GAAP); and the supporting schedules included
or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement present fairly in all material respects the information required to be stated
therein. No other historical or pro forma financial statements or supporting schedules are required to be included in the Registration
Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus by the 1933 Act or the 1933 Act Regulations. The pro forma financial statements and
the related notes, if any, included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus
have been properly compiled and prepared in accordance with the applicable requirements of the 1933 Act, the 1933 Act Regulations, the
1934 Act or the 1934 Act Regulations and present fairly in all material respects the information shown therein, and the assumptions used
in the preparation thereof are reasonable and the adjustments used therein are appropriate to give effect to the transactions and circumstances
referred to therein. All disclosures contained in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, or incorporated
or deemed incorporated by reference therein, regarding &ldquo;non-GAAP financial measures&rdquo; (as such term is defined by the rules
and regulations of the Commission), if any, comply with Regulation G of the 1934 Act and Item 10 of Regulation S-K of the 1933 Act, to
the extent applicable. Each of the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus discloses all material off-balance
sheet transactions, arrangements, obligations (including contingent obligations), and other relationships of the Company with unconsolidated
entities or other persons that may have a material current or future effect on the Company&rsquo;s financial condition, changes in financial
condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, capital resources, or significant components of revenues or expenses.
Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, (a) neither the Company nor any of its
direct and indirect subsidiaries, including each entity disclosed or described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package
and the Prospectus as being a subsidiary of the Company (each, a &ldquo;<U>Subsidiary</U>&rdquo; and, collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Subsidiaries</U>&rdquo;),
has incurred any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent, or entered into any material transactions other than in the
ordinary course of business, (b) there has not been any change in the authorized capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
and (c) there has not been any Material Adverse Change in the Company&rsquo;s long-term or short-term debt.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xiv)
<U>Solvency</U>. Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the date hereof, after giving effect to the receipt
by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Shares hereunder, (i) the fair saleable value of the Company&rsquo;s assets exceeds
the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company&rsquo;s existing debts and other liabilities (including known
contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company&rsquo;s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its
business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements
of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii)
the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after
taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when
such amounts are required to be paid.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xv)
<U>Authorized Capital; Options, etc</U>. The Company had, at the date or dates indicated in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure
Package and the Prospectus, the duly authorized, issued and outstanding capitalization as set forth therein. Except as set forth in,
or contemplated by, the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, there are no stock options, warrants, or other
rights to purchase or otherwise acquire any authorized, but unissued shares of Common Stock of the Company or any security convertible
or exercisable into shares of Common Stock of the Company, or any contracts or commitments to issue or sell shares of Common Stock or
any such options, warrants, rights or convertible securities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xvi)
<U>Outstanding Securities</U>. All issued and outstanding securities of the Company issued prior to the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; the holders thereof have no rights
of rescission or similar rights with respect thereto or put rights, and are not subject to personal liability by reason of being such
holders; and none of such securities were issued in violation of the preemptive rights, rights of first refusal or rights of participation
of any holders of any security of the Company or similar contractual rights granted by the Company. The authorized shares of Common Stock
conform in all material respects to all statements relating thereto contained in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and
the Prospectus. The offers and sales of the outstanding shares of Common Stock were at all relevant times either registered under the
1933 Act and the applicable state securities or &ldquo;blue sky&rdquo; laws or, based in part on the representations and warranties of
the purchasers of such Shares, exempt from such registration requirements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xvii)
<U>Securities Sold Pursuant to this Agreement</U>. The Shares have been duly authorized for issuance and sale and, when issued and paid
for in accordance with this Agreement, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable; the holders thereof are not and will not
be subject to personal liability by reason of being such holders; the Shares are not and will not be subject to the preemptive rights
of any holders of any security of the Company or similar contractual rights granted by the Company; and all corporate action required
to be taken for the authorization, issuance and sale of the Shares has been duly and validly taken. The Shares conform in all material
respects to all statements with respect thereto contained in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xviii)
<U>Registration Rights of Third Parties</U>. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus,
no holders of any securities of the Company or any rights exercisable for or convertible or exchangeable into securities of the Company
have the right to require the Company to register any such securities of the Company under the 1933 Act or to include any such securities
in a registration statement to be filed by the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xix)
<U>Validity and Binding Effect of Agreements</U>. This Agreement has been duly and validly authorized by the Company, and, when executed
and delivered, will constitute, the valid and binding agreement of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its
terms, except: (i) as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors&rsquo;
rights generally; (ii) as enforceability of any indemnification or contribution provision may be limited under the federal and state
securities laws; and (iii) that the remedy of specific performance and injunctive and other forms of equitable relief may be subject
to the equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xx)
<U>No Conflicts, etc</U>. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and all ancillary documents, the consummation
by the Company of the transactions herein and therein contemplated and the compliance by the Company with the terms hereof and thereof
do not and will not, with or without the giving of notice or the lapse of time or both: (i) result in a material breach of, or conflict
with any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a material default under, or result in the creation, modification, termination
or imposition of any lien, charge, mortgage, pledge, security interest, claim, equity, trust or other encumbrance, preferential arrangement,
defect or restriction of any kind whatsoever or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company pursuant to the terms of any indenture,
mortgage, deed of trust, note, lease, loan agreement or any other agreement or instrument, franchise, license or permit to which the
Company is a party or as to which any property of the Company is a subject; (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the Company&rsquo;s
Articles of Incorporation (as the same may be amended or restated from time to time, the &ldquo;<U>Charter</U>&rdquo;) or the by-laws
of the Company (as the same may be amended or restated from time to time); or (iii) violate any existing applicable law, rule, regulation,
judgment, order or decree of any Governmental Entity as of the date hereof (including, without limitation, those promulgated by the Federal
Communications Commission (the &ldquo;<U>FCC</U>&rdquo;) or by any foreign, federal, state or local regulatory authority performing functions
similar to those performed by the FCC), except in the cases of clause (ii) for such violations which would not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<U>No Defaults; Violations</U>. No material default exists in the due performance and observance of any term, covenant or condition of
any material license, contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, note, loan or credit agreement, or any other agreement or instrument
evidencing an obligation for borrowed money, or any other material agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which
the Company may be bound or to which any of the properties or assets of the Company is subject. The Company is not (i) in violation of
any term or provision of its Charter or by-laws, or (ii) to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, in violation of any franchise, license, permit,
applicable law, rule, regulation, judgment or decree of any Governmental Entity, except in the cases of clause (i) for such violations
which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxii)
<U>Conduct of Business</U>. The Company has all requisite corporate power and authority, and has all necessary authorizations, approvals,
orders, licenses, certificates and permits of and from all governmental regulatory officials and bodies that it needs as of the date
hereof to conduct its business purpose as described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxiii)
<U>Transactions Contemplated Herein</U>. The Company has all corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to carry
out the provisions and conditions hereof, and all consents, authorizations, approvals and orders required in connection therewith have
been obtained. No consent, authorization or order of, and no filing with, any court, government agency or other body is required for
the valid issuance, sale and delivery of the Shares and the consummation of the transactions and agreements contemplated by this Agreement
and as contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, except with respect to applicable federal
and state securities laws and the rules and regulations of the Exchange and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (&ldquo;<U>FINRA</U>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxiv)
<U>D&amp;O Questionnaires</U>. To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, all information contained in the questionnaires (the &ldquo;<U>Questionnaires</U>&rdquo;)
most recently completed by each of the Company&rsquo;s directors and officers (the &ldquo;<U>Insiders</U>&rdquo;), as supplemented by
all information concerning the Company&rsquo;s directors, officers and principal shareholders as described in the Registration Statement,
the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, is true and correct in all material respects and the Company has not become aware of any information
which would cause the information disclosed in the Questionnaires to become materially inaccurate and incorrect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxv)
<U>Litigation; Governmental Proceedings</U>. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry, arbitration, investigation, litigation or
governmental proceeding pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened or contemplated, against, or involving the Company,
any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any executive officer or director, before
or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign)
(collectively, an &ldquo;<U>Action</U>&rdquo;) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of
this Agreement and all exhibits and schedules hereto, and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions
contemplated hereunder or the Shares; (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in
a Material Adverse Change; or (iii) which has not been disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus
or in connection with the Company&rsquo;s listing application for the listing of the Shares on the Exchange. Neither the Company, nor
any Subsidiary, nor, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any executive officer or director thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action
involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. To the
knowledge of the Company, there has not been, and there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving
the Company or any current or former director or executive officer of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxvi)
<U>Good Standing</U>. The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation and is in good standing under the
laws of the State of Nevada as of the date hereof, and is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each other jurisdiction
in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so
qualified or in good standing, singularly or in the aggregate, would not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxvii)
<U>Insurance</U>. The Company carries or is entitled to the benefits of insurance, with reputable insurers, in such amounts and covering
such risks which the Company believes are adequate and all such insurance is in full force and effect. The Company has no reason to believe
that it will not be able (i) to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such policies expire or (ii) to obtain comparable coverage
from similar institutions as may be necessary or appropriate to conduct its business as now conducted and at a cost that would not result
in a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxviii)
<U>Finder&rsquo;s Fees</U>. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, there are no
claims, payments, arrangements, agreements or understandings relating to the payment of a finder&rsquo;s, consulting or origination fee
by the Company or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any Insider with respect to the sale of the Shares hereunder or any other arrangements,
agreements or understandings of the Company or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any of its shareholders that may affect the Agent&rsquo;s
compensation, as determined by FINRA.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxix)
<U>Payments Within Twelve Months</U>. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the
Company has not made any direct or indirect payments (in cash, securities or otherwise) to: (i) any person, as a finder&rsquo;s fee,
consulting fee or otherwise, in consideration of such person raising capital for the Company or introducing to the Company persons who
raised or provided capital to the Company; (ii) any FINRA member; or (iii) any person or entity that has any direct or indirect affiliation
or association with any FINRA member, within the twelve months prior to the date of this Agreement, other than the payment to the Agent
as provided hereunder in connection with the Offering.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxx)
<U>Use of Proceeds</U>. None of the net proceeds of the Offering will be paid by the Company to any participating FINRA member or its
affiliates, except as specifically authorized herein.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxi)
<U>FINRA Affiliation</U>. To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, there is no (i) officer or director of the Company, (ii) beneficial owner
of 10% or more of any class of the Company&rsquo;s securities or (iii) beneficial owner of the Company&rsquo;s unregistered equity securities
which were acquired during the 180-day period immediately preceding the date hereof that is an affiliate or associated person of a FINRA
member participating in the Offering (as determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of FINRA). Except as disclosed in the
Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company (i) does not have any material lending or other relationship
with any bank or lending affiliate of the Agent and (ii) does not intend to use any of the proceeds from the sale of the Shares to repay
any outstanding debt owed to any affiliate of the Agent.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxii)
<U>Information</U>. All information provided by the Company in its FINRA questionnaire to Agent&rsquo;s counsel specifically for use
by Agent&rsquo;s counsel in connection with its Public Offering System filings (and related disclosure) with FINRA is true, correct and
complete in all material respects.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxiii)
<U>Foreign Corrupt Practices Act</U>. None of the Company and its Subsidiaries or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any director, officer,
agent, employee or affiliate of the Company and its Subsidiaries or any other person acting on behalf of the Company and its Subsidiaries,
has, directly or indirectly, given or agreed to give any money, gift or similar benefit (other than legal price concessions to customers
in the ordinary course of business) to any customer, supplier, employee or agent of a customer or supplier, or official or employee of
any governmental agency or instrumentality of any government (domestic or foreign) or any political party or candidate for office (domestic
or foreign) or other person who was, is, or may be in a position to help or hinder the business of the Company (or assist it in connection
with any actual or proposed transaction) that (i) might subject the Company to any damage or penalty in any civil, criminal or governmental
litigation or proceeding, (ii) if not given in the past, might have had a Material Adverse Change; (iii) if not continued in the future,
might adversely affect the assets, business, operations or prospects of the Company. The Company has taken reasonable steps to ensure
that its accounting controls and procedures are sufficient to cause the Company to comply in all material respects with the Foreign Corrupt
Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the &ldquo;<U>FCPA</U>&rdquo;); (iv) violated
or is in violation of any provision of the FCPA or any applicable non-U.S. anti-bribery statute or regulation; (v) made any bribe, rebate,
payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment; or (vi) received notice of any investigation, proceeding or inquiry by
any Governmental Entity regarding any of the matters in clauses (i)-(v) above; and the Company and, to the knowledge of the Company,
the Company&rsquo;s affiliates have conducted their respective businesses in compliance with the FCPA and have instituted and maintain
policies and procedures designed to ensure, and which are reasonably expected to continue to ensure, continued compliance therewith.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxiv)
<U>Compliance with OFAC</U>. None of the Company and its Subsidiaries or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any director, officer, agent,
employee or affiliate of the Company and its Subsidiaries, nor, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any other person acting on behalf of
the Company and its Subsidiaries, is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of
the U.S. Department of the Treasury (&ldquo;<U>OFAC</U>&rdquo;), and the Company will not, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of
the Offering hereunder, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other
person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxv)
<U>Forward-Looking Statements</U>. No forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section 27A of the 1933 Act and Section 21E of
the 1934 Act) contained in any of the Registration Statement, Disclosure Package or Prospectus has been made or reaffirmed without a
reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxvi)
<U>Money Laundering Laws</U>. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance
with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as
amended, the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations
or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any Governmental Entity (collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Money Laundering Laws</U>&rdquo;);
and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any Governmental Entity involving the Company with respect to the Money Laundering Laws
is pending or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxvii)
<U>Cybersecurity</U>. The Company and its Subsidiaries&rsquo; information technology assets and equipment, computers, systems, networks,
hardware, software, websites, applications, and databases (collectively, &ldquo;<U>IT Systems</U>&rdquo;) are adequate for, and operate
and perform in all material respects as required in connection with the operation of the business of the Company as currently conducted,
free and clear of all material bugs, errors, defects, Trojan horses, time bombs, malware and other corruptants. The Company and its subsidiaries
have implemented and maintained commercially reasonable physical, technical and administrative controls, policies, procedures, and safeguards
to maintain and protect their material confidential information and the integrity, continuous operation, redundancy and security of all
IT Systems and data, including all &ldquo;Personal Data&rdquo; (defined below) and all sensitive, confidential or regulated data (&ldquo;<U>Confidential
Data</U>&rdquo;) used in connection with their businesses. &ldquo;<U>Personal Data</U>&rdquo; means (i) a natural person&rsquo;s name,
street address, telephone number, e-mail address, photograph, social security number or tax identification number, driver&rsquo;s license
number, passport number, credit card number, bank information, or customer or account number; (ii) any information which would qualify
as &ldquo;personally identifying information&rdquo; under the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended; (iii) &ldquo;personal data&rdquo;
as defined by GDPR; (iv) any information which would qualify as &ldquo;protected health information&rdquo; under the Health Insurance
Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (collectively,
&ldquo;<U>HIPAA</U>&rdquo;); (v) any &ldquo;personal information&rdquo; as defined by the California Consumer Privacy Act (&ldquo;CCPA&rdquo;);
and (vi) any other piece of information that allows the identification of such natural person, or his or her family, or permits the collection
or analysis of any data related to an identified person&rsquo;s health or sexual orientation. There have been no breaches, violations,
outages or unauthorized uses of or accesses to same, except for those that have been remedied without material cost or liability or the
duty to notify any other person, nor any incidents under internal review or investigations relating to the same. The Company and its
subsidiaries are presently in material compliance with all applicable laws or statutes and all judgments, orders, rules and regulations
of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, internal policies and contractual obligations relating to the privacy
and security of IT Systems, Confidential Data, and Personal Data and to the protection of such IT Systems, Confidential Data, and Personal
Data from unauthorized use, access, misappropriation or modification.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<U>Compliance with Data Privacy Laws</U>. The Company and its Subsidiaries are, and at all prior times were, in material compliance with
all applicable state and federal data privacy and security laws and regulations, including without limitation HIPAA, CCPA, and the European
Union General Data Protection Regulation (&ldquo;<U>GDPR</U>&rdquo;) (EU 2016/679) (collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Privacy Laws</U>&rdquo;).
To ensure compliance with the Privacy Laws, the Company has in place, complies with, and takes appropriate steps to ensure compliance
in all material respects with their policies and procedures relating to data privacy and security and the collection, storage, use, processing,
disclosure, handling, and analysis of Personal Data and Confidential Data (the &ldquo;<U>Policies</U>&rdquo;). The Company has at all
times made all disclosures to users or customers required by applicable laws and regulatory rules or requirements, and none of such disclosures
made or contained in any Policy have been inaccurate or in violation of any applicable laws and regulatory rules or requirements in any
material respect. The Company further certifies that neither it nor any subsidiary: (i) has received notice of any actual or potential
liability under or relating to, or actual or potential violation of, any of the Privacy Laws, and has no knowledge of any event or condition
that would reasonably be expected to result in any such notice; (ii) is currently conducting or paying for, in whole or in part, any
investigation, remediation, or other corrective action pursuant to any Privacy Law; or (iii) is a party to any order, decree, or agreement
that imposes any obligation or liability under any Privacy Law.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxix)
<U>Bank Holding Company Act</U>. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company
Act of 1956, as amended (the &ldquo;<U>BHCA</U>&rdquo;) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the
&ldquo;<U>Federal Reserve Board</U>&rdquo;). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly
or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent or more of
the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve Board. Neither the Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that
is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve Board.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xl)
<U>Possession of Licenses and Permits</U>. To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, the Company possesses all licenses, certificates, permits
and other authorizations issued by the appropriate federal, state or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct its business,
including from the FCC, and the Company has not received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any
such license, certificate, authorization or permit that, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling
or finding, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, except as set forth in or contemplated in the Registration
Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any supplement thereto).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<U>Officers&rsquo; Certificate</U>. Any certificate signed by any duly authorized officer of the Company and delivered to the Agent or
to Agent&rsquo;s counsel shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to the Agent as to the matters covered thereby.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>(xlii)Business
Relationships</U>. There are no business relationships or related party transactions involving the Company or any other person required
to be described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus that have not been described as required.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xliii)
<U>Subsidiaries</U>. All direct and indirect material Subsidiaries of the Company are duly organized and in good standing under the laws
of the place of organization or incorporation, and each Subsidiary is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which its ownership or
lease of property or the conduct of business requires such qualification, except where the failure to qualify would not have a Material
Adverse Change. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, the Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity
interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any liens, and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary
are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xliv)
<U>No Relationships with Customers and Suppliers</U>. No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company on the
one hand, and the directors, officers, 5% or greater stockholders, of the Company or any of the Company&rsquo;s affiliates on the other
hand, which is required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus or a document incorporated
by reference therein and which is not so described.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xlv)
<U>[Reserved].</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>(xlvi)
No Loans or Advances to Affiliates</U>. There are no outstanding loans, advances (except normal advances for business expenses in the
ordinary course of business) or guarantees or indebtedness by the Company to or for the benefit of any of the officers or directors of
the Company, any other affiliates of the Company or any of their respective immediate family members, except as disclosed in the Registration
Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xlvii)
<U>[Reserved.]</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>(xlviii)
Disclosure Controls</U>. The Company has developed and currently maintains disclosure controls and procedures that will comply with Rule
13a-15 or 15d-15 under the 1934 Act Regulations, and such controls and procedures are designed to ensure that all material information
concerning the Company will be made known on a timely basis to the individuals responsible for the preparation of the Company&rsquo;s
1934 Act filings and other public disclosure documents.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<U>Compliance</U>. The Company is in material compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act applicable to it, and has implemented
or will implement such programs and taken reasonable steps to ensure the Company&rsquo;s future compliance (not later than the relevant
statutory and regulatory deadlines therefor) with all of the material provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(l)
<U>Accounting Controls</U>. The Company and its Subsidiaries maintain systems of &ldquo;internal control over financial reporting&rdquo;
(as defined under Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the 1934 Act Regulations) that comply in all material respects with the requirements
of the 1934 Act and have been designed by, or under the supervision of, their respective principal executive and principal financial
officers, or persons performing similar functions, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, including, but not limited to, internal accounting
controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management&rsquo;s general
or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with
GAAP and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management&rsquo;s general or
specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals
and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package
and the Prospectus, the Company is not aware of any material weaknesses in its internal controls. The Company&rsquo;s auditors and the
Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company have been advised of: (i) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses
in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are known to the Company&rsquo;s management and that have
adversely affected or are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company&rsquo; ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and (ii) any fraud known to the Company&rsquo;s management, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees
who have a significant role in the Company&rsquo;s internal controls over financial reporting. Since the date of the latest audited financial
statements included in the Disclosure Package, there has been no change in the Company&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting
that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(li)
<U>No Investment Company Status</U>. The Company is not and, after giving effect to the Offering and the application of the proceeds
thereof as described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, will not be, required to register as an
&ldquo;investment company,&rdquo; as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lii)
<U>No Labor Disputes</U>. No labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries exists or, to the knowledge of
the Company, is imminent, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company&rsquo;s or its
Subsidiaries&rsquo; employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee&rsquo;s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary,
and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries
believe that their relationships with their employees are good. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all applicable
U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of
employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably
be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(liii)
<U>Intellectual Property Rights</U>. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries owns or possesses or has valid rights to use all patents,
patent applications, trademarks, service marks, trade names, trademark registrations, service mark registrations, copyrights, licenses,
inventions, trade secrets and similar rights (&ldquo;<U>Intellectual Property Rights</U>&rdquo;) necessary for the conduct of the business
of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently carried on and as described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and
the Prospectus, except were the failure to own or possess such Intellectual Property Rights would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change. To the knowledge of the Company, no action or use by the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries necessary for the conduct of its business as currently carried on and as described in the Registration Statement
and the Prospectus will involve or give rise to any infringement of, or license or similar fees (other than license or similar fees described
or contemplated in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus) for, any Intellectual Property Rights of others.
Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice alleging any such infringement of, license or similar fees for,
or conflict with, any asserted Intellectual Property Rights of others. Except as would not reasonably be expected to result, individually
or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Change, (i) to the knowledge of the Company, there is no infringement, misappropriation or
violation by third parties of any of the Intellectual Property Rights owned by the Company; (ii) there is no pending or, to the knowledge
of the Company, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the rights of the Company in or to any such Intellectual
Property Rights, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim, that would, individually
or in the aggregate, together with any other claims in this Section 1(liii), reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change;
(iii) the Intellectual Property Rights owned by the Company and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Intellectual Property Rights licensed
to the Company have not been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part, and there is
no pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or scope
of any such Intellectual Property Rights, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim
that would, individually or in the aggregate, together with any other claims in this Section 1(liii), reasonably be expected to result
in a Material Adverse Change; (iv) there is no pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim
by others that the Company infringes, misappropriates or otherwise violates any Intellectual Property Rights or other proprietary rights
of others, the Company has not received any written notice of such claim and the Company is unaware of any other facts which would form
a reasonable basis for any such claim that would, individually or in the aggregate, together with any other claims in this Section 1(liii),
reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; and (v) to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, no employee of the Company is
in violation in any material respect of any term of any employment contract, patent disclosure agreement, invention assignment agreement,
non-competition agreement, non-solicitation agreement, nondisclosure agreement or any restrictive covenant to or with a former employer
where the basis of such violation relates to such employee&rsquo;s employment with the Company, or actions undertaken by the employee
while employed with the Company and could reasonably be expected to result, individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Change.
Except as would not be reasonably expected to result in a Material Adverse Change, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, all material technical
information developed by and belonging to the Company which has not been disclosed in a filed patent application has been kept confidential.
The Company is not a party to or bound by any options, licenses or agreements with respect to the Intellectual Property Rights of any
other person or entity that are required to be set forth in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and
are not described therein. The Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus contain in all material respects the
same description of the matters set forth in the preceding sentence. None of the technology employed by the Company has been obtained
or is being used by the Company in violation of any contractual obligation binding on the Company or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge,
any of its officers, directors or employees, or otherwise in violation of the rights of any persons. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
licenses for the use of the Intellectual Property described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus
are in full force and effect in all material respects and are enforceable by the Company and, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, the other
parties thereto, in accordance with their terms, except (x) as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization
or similar laws affecting creditors&rsquo; rights generally, (y) as enforceability of any indemnification or contribution provision may
be limited under the federal and state securities laws, and (z) that the remedy of specific performance and injunctive and other forms
of equitable relief may be subject to the equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor
may be brought. None of such agreements or instruments has been assigned by the Company, and the Company has not, and to the Company&rsquo;s
knowledge, no other party is in material default thereunder and no event has occurred that, with the lapse of time or the giving of notice,
or both, would constitute a material default thereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(liv)
<U>Taxes</U>. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has filed all returns (as hereinafter defined) required to be filed with taxing
authorities prior to the date hereof or has duly obtained extensions of time for the filing thereof, except in any case in which the
failure so to file would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries
has paid all taxes (as hereinafter defined) shown as due on such returns that were filed and has paid all taxes imposed on or assessed
against the Company or such respective Subsidiary, as applicable, or as would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
Change. The provisions for taxes payable, if any, shown on the financial statements filed with or as part of the Registration Statement
are sufficient for all accrued and unpaid taxes, whether or not disputed, and for all periods to and including the dates of such consolidated
financial statements. Except as disclosed in writing to the Agent, (i) no material issues have been raised (and are currently pending)
by any taxing authority in connection with any of the returns or taxes asserted as due from the Company or its Subsidiaries, and (ii)
no waivers of statutes of limitation with respect to the returns or collection of taxes have been given by or requested from the Company
or its Subsidiaries. The term &ldquo;<U>taxes</U>&rdquo; means all federal, state, local, foreign and other net income, gross income,
gross receipts, sales, use, ad valorem, transfer, franchise, profits, license, lease, service, service use, withholding, payroll, employment,
excise, severance, stamp, occupation, premium, property, windfall profits, customs, duties or other taxes, fees, assessments or charges
of any kind whatever, together with any interest and any penalties, additions to tax or additional amounts with respect thereto. The
term &ldquo;returns&rdquo; means all returns, declarations, reports, statements and other documents required to be filed in respect to
taxes.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lv)
<U>ERISA Compliance</U>. The Company and any &ldquo;employee benefit plan&rdquo; (as defined under the Employee Retirement Income Security
Act of 1974, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (collectively, &ldquo;ERISA&rdquo;)) established
or maintained by the Company or its &ldquo;<U>ERISA</U> Affiliates&rdquo; (as defined below) are in compliance in all material respects
with ERISA. &ldquo;ERISA Affiliate&rdquo; means, with respect to the Company, any member of any group of organizations described in Sections
414(b),(c),(m) or (o) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder
(the &ldquo;Code&rdquo;) of which the Company is a member. No &ldquo;reportable event&rdquo; (as defined under ERISA) has occurred or
is reasonably expected to occur with respect to any &ldquo;employee benefit plan&rdquo; established or maintained by the Company or any
of its ERISA Affiliates. No &ldquo;employee benefit plan&rdquo; established or maintained by the Company or any of its ERISA Affiliates,
if such &ldquo;employee benefit plan&rdquo; were terminated, would have any &ldquo;amount of unfunded benefit liabilities&rdquo; (as
defined under ERISA). Neither the Company nor any of its ERISA Affiliates has incurred or reasonably expects to incur any material liability
under (i) Title IV of ERISA with respect to termination of, or withdrawal from, any &ldquo;employee benefit plan&rdquo; or (ii) Sections
412, 4971, 4975 or 4980B of the Code. Each &ldquo;employee benefit plan&rdquo; established or maintained by the Company or any of its
ERISA Affiliates that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified and, to the knowledge of the Company,
nothing has occurred, whether by action or failure to act, which would cause the loss of such qualification.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lvi)
<U>Compliance with Laws</U>. The Company and its Subsidiaries possess such permits, licenses, approvals and other authorizations issued
by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory agencies or bodies (collectively, &ldquo;<U>Governmental Licenses</U>&rdquo;)
necessary to conduct the business now operated by them, except where the failure so to possess would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; the Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms and
conditions of all such Governmental Licenses, except where the failure so to comply would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably
be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; all of the Governmental Licenses are valid and in full force and effect, except when
the invalidity of such Governmental Licenses or the failure of such Governmental Licenses to be in full force and effect would not, individually
or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
has knowledge of any proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such Governmental Licenses which, individually or
in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material
Adverse Effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lvii)
<U>Environmental Laws</U>. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all foreign, federal, state and local rules, laws
and regulations relating to the use, treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous or toxic substances or waste and protection of health
and safety or the environment which are applicable to their businesses (&ldquo;<U>Environmental Laws</U>&rdquo;), except where the failure
to comply would not, singularly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. There has been no storage, generation, transportation,
handling, treatment, disposal, discharge, emission, or other release of any kind of toxic or other wastes or other hazardous substances
by, due to, or caused by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any other entity for whose acts
or omissions the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may otherwise be liable) upon any of the property now or previously owned or
leased by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or upon any other property, in violation of any law, statute, ordinance, rule, regulation,
order, judgment, decree or permit or which would, under any law, statute, ordinance, rule (including rule of common law), regulation,
order, judgment, decree or permit, give rise to any liability, except for any violation or liability which would not have, singularly
or in the aggregate with all such violations and liabilities, a Material Adverse Change;; and there has been no disposal, discharge,
emission or other release of any kind onto such property or into the environment surrounding such property of any toxic or other wastes
or other hazardous substances with respect to which the Company has knowledge. In the ordinary course of business, the Company and its
Subsidiaries conduct periodic reviews of the effect of Environmental Laws on their business and assets, in the course of which they identify
and evaluate associated costs and liabilities (including, without limitation, any capital or operating expenditures required for clean-up,
closure of properties or compliance with Environmental Laws or governmental permits issued thereunder, any related constraints on operating
activities and any potential liabilities to third parties). On the basis of such reviews, the Company and its Subsidiaries have reasonably
concluded that such associated costs and liabilities would not have, singularly or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lviii)
<U>Real Property</U>. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company and each
of its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to, or have valid rights to lease or otherwise use, all items of real
or personal property which are material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, in each case free and clear
of all liens, encumbrances, security interests, claims and defects that do not, singly or in the aggregate, materially affect the value
of such property and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
and all of the leases and subleases material to the business of the Company and its subsidiaries, considered as one enterprise, and under
which the Company or any of its subsidiaries holds properties described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the
Prospectus, are in full force and effect, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of any material claim of
any sort that has been asserted by anyone adverse to the rights of the Company or any Subsidiary under any of the leases or subleases
mentioned above, or affecting or questioning the rights of the Company or such Subsidiary to the continued possession of the leased or
subleased premises under any such lease or sublease, which would result in a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lix)
<U>Contracts Affecting Capital</U>. There are no transactions, arrangements or other relationships between and/or among the Company,
any of its affiliates (as such term is defined in Rule 405 of the 1933 Act Regulations) and any unconsolidated entity, including, but
not limited to, any structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity that could reasonably be expected to materially affect
the Company&rsquo;s or any of its Subsidiaries&rsquo; liquidity or the availability of or requirements for their capital resources required
to be described or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus which have not
been described or incorporated by reference as required.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lx)
<U>Ineligible Issuer</U>. At the time of filing the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time of effectiveness
of the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto, at the earliest time thereafter that the Company or another offering participant
made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2) of the 1933 Act Regulations) of the Shares and at the date hereof, the Company
was not and is not an &ldquo;ineligible issuer,&rdquo; as defined in Rule 405, without taking account of any determination by the Commission
pursuant to Rule 405 that it is not necessary that the Company be considered an ineligible issuer.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lxi)
<U>Industry Data</U>. The statistical and market-related data included in each of the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package
and the Prospectus are based on or derived from sources that the Company reasonably and in good faith believes are reliable and accurate
or represent the Company&rsquo;s good faith estimates that are made on the basis of data derived from such sources.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lxii)
<U>Margin Securities</U>. The Company owns no &ldquo;margin securities&rdquo; as that term is defined in Regulation U of the Board of
Governors of the Federal Reserve Board, and none of the proceeds of Offering will be used, directly or indirectly, for the purpose of
purchasing or carrying any margin security, for the purpose of reducing or retiring any indebtedness which was originally incurred to
purchase or carry any margin security or for any other purpose which might cause any of the shares of Common Stock to be considered a
&ldquo;purpose credit&rdquo; within the meanings of Regulation T, U or X of the Federal Reserve Board.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lxiii)
<U>1934 Act Reports</U>. The Company has filed in a timely manner all reports required to be filed pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(e),
14 and 15(d) of the 1934 Act during the preceding two years (except to the extent that Section 15(d) requires reports to be filed pursuant
to Sections 13(d) and 13(g) of the 1934 Act, which shall be governed by the next clause of this sentence); and the Company has filed
in a timely manner all reports required to be filed pursuant to Sections 13(d) and 13(g) of the 1934 Act since January 1, 2023, except
where the failure to timely file could not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lxiv)
<U>Minute Books</U>. The minute books of the Company have been made available to the Agent and counsel for the Agent, and such books
(i) contain a complete summary of all meetings and actions of the board of directors (including each board committee) and stockholders
of the Company (or analogous governing bodies and interest holders, as applicable), and each of its Subsidiaries since the time of its
respective incorporation or organization through the date of the latest meeting and action, and (ii) accurately in all material respects
reflect all transactions referred to in such minutes. There are no material transactions, agreements, dispositions or other actions of
the Company that are not properly approved and/or accurately and fairly recorded in the minute books of the Company, as applicable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lxv)
<U>Integration</U>. Neither the Company, nor any of its affiliates, nor any person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly,
made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause the Offering
to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of the 1933 Act that would require the registration of any such securities
under the 1933 Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lxvi)
<U>No Stabilization</U>. Neither the Company nor, to its knowledge, any of its employees, directors or stockholders (without the consent
of the Agent) has taken or shall take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that has constituted or that might reasonably
be expected to cause or result in, under Regulation M of the 1934 Act, or otherwise, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any
security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lxvii)
<U>Confidentiality and Non-Competition</U>. To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, no director, officer, key employee or consultant of the
Company is subject to any confidentiality, non-disclosure, non-competition agreement or non-solicitation agreement with any employer
or prior employer that could reasonably be expected to materially affect his ability to be and act in his respective capacity of the
Company or be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lxviii)
<U>Summaries of Law</U>. The statements set forth in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus under the
caption &ldquo;Description of Capital Stock&rdquo; and with respect to legal proceedings set forth in the note to the financial statements
titled &ldquo;Litigation&rdquo; or under &ldquo;Item 3. Legal Proceedings&rdquo; or &ldquo;Item 1. Legal Proceedings&rdquo; in the most
recently filed Annual Report on Form 10-K or Quarterly Report on 10-Q, as applicable, as updated by any subsequent report filed pursuant
to the 1934 Act, insofar as such statements purport to constitute summaries of the terms of the statutes, rules or regulations, legal
or governmental proceedings, agreements or documents referred to therein, are accurate summaries of the terms of such statutes, rules
or regulations, legal or governmental proceedings, agreements or documents in all material respects.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lxix)
<U>Accuracy of Exhibits</U>. There are no contracts or other documents that are required by the 1933 Act to be described in the Prospectus
or filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement, or that are required by the 1934 Act to be filed as exhibits to a document incorporated
by reference into the Prospectus, that have not been so described in the Prospectus or filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement
or such incorporated document.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lxx)
<U>XBRL</U>. The interactive data in eXtensible Business Reporting Language included or incorporated by reference in the Registration
Statement fairly presents the information called for in all material respects and has been prepared in accordance with the Commission&rsquo;s
rules and guidelines applicable thereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>(lxxi)
Reserved. </U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(lxxii)
<U>Sales Agency Agreement</U>. The Company is not currently party to any other sales agency agreements or other similar arrangements
with any agent or any other representative in respect of at the market offerings of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
2. <U>Sale and Delivery of Shares</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Company agrees to issue and sell exclusively through the Agent acting as sales
agent or directly to the Agent acting as principal from time to time, and the Agent agrees to use its commercially reasonable efforts
to sell as sales agent for the Company, the Shares. Sales of the Shares, if any, through the Agent acting as sales agent or directly
to the Agent acting as principal may be made in negotiated transactions or transactions that are deemed to be &ldquo;at-the-market offerings&rdquo;
as defined in Rule 415 under the 1933 Act, including sales made directly on the Exchange, or sales made to or through a market maker
other than on an exchange or through an electronic communications network.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
The Shares are to be sold on a daily basis or otherwise as shall be agreed to by the Company and the Agent on that trading day (other
than a day on which the Exchange is scheduled to close prior to its regular weekday closing time, each, a &ldquo;<U>Trading Day</U>&rdquo;)
that the Company has satisfied its obligations under Section 6 of this Agreement and that the Company has instructed the Agent to make
such sales (&ldquo;<U>Sales Notice</U>&rdquo;). For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing limitation shall not apply to sales solely
to employees or security holders of the Company or its subsidiaries, or to a trustee or other person acquiring such securities for the
accounts of such persons in which the Agent is acting for the Company in a capacity other than as Agent under this Agreement. On any
Trading Day, the Company may instruct the Agent by telephone (confirmed promptly by email, which confirmation will be promptly acknowledged
by the Agent) as to the maximum number of Shares to be sold by the Agent on such day (in any event not in excess of the number available
for issuance under the Prospectus and the currently effective Registration Statement), the minimum price per Share at which such Shares
may be sold and any other limitations specified by the Company and mutually agreed by the Agent. Subject to the terms and conditions
hereof, the Agent shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell as sales agent all of the Shares so designated by the Company.
The Company and the Agent each acknowledge and agree that (A) there can be no assurance that the Agent will be successful in selling
the Shares, (B) the Agent will incur no liability or obligation to the Company or any other person or entity if they do not sell Shares
for any reason other than a failure by the Agent to use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales
practices and applicable law and regulations to sell such Shares as required by this Agreement, and (C) the Agent shall be under no obligation
to purchase Shares on a principal basis except as otherwise specifically agreed by such Agent and the Company pursuant to a Terms Agreement.
In the event of a conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the terms of a Terms Agreement, the terms of such Terms Agreement
will control.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not authorize the issuance and sale of, and the Agent as sales agent shall not be obligated
to use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell, any Shares (i) at a price lower than the minimum price therefor authorized from time
to time, or (ii) in a number in excess of the number of Shares authorized from time to time to be issued and sold under this Agreement,
in each case, by the Company&rsquo;s board of directors, or a duly authorized committee thereof, and notified to the Agent in writing.
In addition, the Company may, upon notice to the Agent, suspend the offering of the Shares or the Agent may, upon notice to the Company,
suspend the offering of the Shares with respect to which the Agent is acting as sales agent for any reason and at any time; <U>provided</U>,
<U>however</U>, that such suspension or termination shall not affect or impair the parties&rsquo; respective obligations with respect
to the Shares sold hereunder prior to the giving of such notice. Any notice given pursuant to the preceding sentence may be given by
telephone (confirmed promptly by email, which confirmation will be promptly acknowledged).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
The gross sales price of any Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement by the Agent acting as sales agent of the Company shall be the market
price prevailing at the time of sale for shares of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock sold by the Agent on the Exchange or otherwise, at
prices relating to prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. The compensation payable to the Agent for sales of Shares with respect
to which the Agent acts as sales agent shall be 3.0% of the gross sales price of the Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement. The Company
may sell Shares to the Agent, acting as principal, at a price agreed upon with the Agent at the relevant Applicable Time and pursuant
to a separate Terms Agreement. The remaining proceeds, after further deduction for any transaction fees imposed by any governmental,
regulatory or self-regulatory organization in respect of such sales, shall constitute the net proceeds to the Company for such Shares
(the &ldquo;<U>Net Proceeds</U>&rdquo;). The Agent shall notify the Company as promptly as practicable if any deduction referenced in
the preceding sentence will be required.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)
If acting as a sales agent hereunder, the Agent shall provide written confirmation to the Company following the close of trading on the
Exchange, each day in which Shares are sold under this Agreement setting forth the number of Shares sold on such day, the aggregate gross
sales proceeds of the Shares, the Net Proceeds to the Company and the compensation payable by the Company to such Agent with respect
to such sales.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)
Under no circumstances shall the aggregate offering price or number, as the case may be, of Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement and
any Terms Agreement, exceed the aggregate offering price or number, as the case may be, of shares of Common Stock (i) available for issuance
under the Prospectus and the then currently effective Registration Statement (including any limit set forth in General Instruction I.B.6
thereof, if applicable), (ii) authorized but unissued (less shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange of
any outstanding securities of the Company or otherwise reserved from the Company&rsquo;s authorized capital stock) or (iii) authorized
from time to time to be issued and sold under this Agreement or any Terms Agreement by the Company&rsquo;s board of directors, or a duly
authorized committee thereof. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the parties hereto agree that compliance with
the foregoing limitations on the aggregate offering price or number, as the case may be, of Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement and
any Terms Agreement shall be the sole responsibility of the Company and that the Agent shall have no obligation in connection with such
compliance. In addition, under no circumstances shall any Shares with respect to which the Agent acts as sales agent be sold at a price
lower than the minimum price therefor authorized from time to time by the Company&rsquo;s board of directors, or a duly authorized committee
thereof, and notified to the Agent in writing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(g)
Settlement for sales of the Shares pursuant to this Section 2 will occur on the second trading day following the date on which such sales
are made, unless another date shall be agreed to by the Company and the Agent (each such day, a &ldquo;<U>Settlement Date</U>&rdquo;).
On each Settlement Date, the Shares sold through the Agent for settlement on such date shall be delivered by the Company to the Agent
against payment of the Net Proceeds from the sale of such Shares. Settlement for all Shares shall be effected by book-entry delivery
of Shares to the Agent&rsquo;s account at The Depository Trust Company against payments by the Agent of the Net Proceeds from the sale
of such Shares in same day funds delivered to an account designated by the Company. If the Company shall default on its obligation to
deliver Shares on any Settlement Date, the Company shall (i) indemnify and hold the Agent harmless against any loss, claim or damage
arising from or as a result of such default by the Company and (ii) pay the Agent any commission to which it would otherwise be entitled
absent such default.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(h)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Company and the Agent agree that no sales of Shares shall take place, and
the Company shall not request the sale of any Shares that would be sold, and the Agent shall not be obligated to sell any Shares, during
any period in which the Company is, or could be deemed to be, in possession of material non-public information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
At each Applicable Time, Settlement Date, Registration Statement Amendment Date (as defined below), Company Periodic Report Date (as
defined below), date on which Shares are delivered to the Agent pursuant to a Terms Agreement and at each time of delivery of a Sales
Notice, the Company shall be deemed to have affirmed each representation and warranty contained in this Agreement. Any obligation of
the Agent to use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell the Shares on behalf of the Company as sales agent shall be subject to the
continuing accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company herein, to the performance by the Company of its obligations
hereunder and to the continuing satisfaction of the additional conditions specified in Section 6 of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
3. <U>Covenants.</U> The Company agrees with the Agent:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
During any period when the delivery of a prospectus is required in connection with the offering or sale of Shares (whether physically
or through compliance with Rule 153 or 172, or in lieu thereof, a notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act), (i) to make
no further amendment or any supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus prior to any Settlement Date which shall be disapproved
by the Agent promptly after reasonable notice thereof and to advise the Agent, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of the time
when any amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed or becomes effective or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus
has been filed and to furnish the Agent with copies thereof, (ii) to file promptly all other materials required to be filed by the Company
with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the 1933 Act, (iii) to file promptly all reports and any definitive proxy or information
statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act, (iv)
to advise the Agent, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order or of any order preventing
or suspending the use of the Prospectus or other prospectus in respect of the Shares, of the suspension of the qualification of the Shares
for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for any such purpose, or of any request
by the Commission for the amending or supplementing of the form of the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or for additional information,
and (v) in the event of the issuance of any such stop order or of any such order preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus in
respect of the Shares or suspending any such qualification, to promptly use its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the withdrawal
of such order; and in the event of any such issuance of a notice of objection, promptly to take such reasonable steps as may be necessary
to permit offers and sales of the Shares by the Agent, which may include, without limitation, amending the Registration Statement or
filing a new registration statement, at the Company&rsquo;s expense (references herein to the Registration Statement shall include any
such amendment or new registration statement).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
Promptly from time to time to take such action as the Agent may reasonably request to qualify the Shares for offering and sale under
the securities laws of such jurisdictions as the Agent may request and to comply with such laws so as to permit the continuance of sales
and dealings therein in such jurisdictions for as long as may be necessary to complete the sale of the Shares, provided that in connection
therewith the Company shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation or to file a general consent to service of process in
any jurisdiction; and to promptly advise the Agent of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of
the qualification of the Shares for offer or sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)
During any period when the delivery of a prospectus is required (whether physically or through compliance with Rules 153 or 172, or in
lieu thereof, a notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) in connection with the offering or sale of Shares, the Company
will make available to the Agent, as soon as practicable after the execution of this Agreement, and thereafter from time to time furnish
to the Agent, copies of the most recent Prospectus in such quantities and at such locations as the Agent may reasonably request for the
purposes contemplated by the 1933 Act. During any period when the delivery of a prospectus is required (whether physically or through
compliance with Rules 153 or 172, or in lieu thereof, a notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) in connection with the
offering or sale of Shares, and if at such time any event shall have occurred as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or
supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made when such Prospectus is delivered, not misleading, or, if for any
other reason it shall be necessary during such same period to amend or supplement the Prospectus or to file under the 1934 Act any document
incorporated by reference in the Prospectus in order to comply with the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, to notify the Agent and to file such
document and to prepare and furnish without charge to the Agent as many written and electronic copies as the Agent may from time to time
reasonably request of an amended Prospectus or a supplement to the Prospectus which will correct such statement or omission or effect
such compliance.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
To make generally available to its securityholders as soon as practicable, but in any event not later than sixteen months after the effective
date of the Registration Statement (as defined in Rule 158(c) under the 1933 Act), an earnings statement of the Company and its subsidiaries
(which need not be audited) complying with Section 11(a) of the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (including,
at the option of the Company, Rule 158).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)
[Reserved].</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)
To use the Net Proceeds received by it from the sale of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement and any Terms Agreement in the manner specified
in the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(g)
In connection with the offering and sale of the Shares, the Company will file with the Exchange all documents and notices, and make all
certifications, required by the Exchange of companies that have securities that are listed or quoted on the Exchange and will maintain
such listings or quotations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(h)
To not take, directly or indirectly, and to cause its affiliates to refrain from taking, any action designed to cause or result in, or
that has constituted or might reasonably be expected to constitute, under the 1934 Act or otherwise, the stabilization or manipulation
of the price of any securities of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
At each Applicable Time, each Settlement Date, each Registration Statement Amendment Date (as defined below), each Company Periodic Report
Date (as defined below), each date on which Shares are delivered to the Agent pursuant to a Terms Agreement and at each time of delivery
of a Sales Notice, the Company shall be deemed to have affirmed each representation, warranty, covenant and other agreement contained
in this Agreement or any Terms Agreement. In each Annual Report on Form 10-K or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed by the Company in
respect of any quarter in which sales of Shares were made by or through the Agent under this Agreement or any Terms Agreement (each date
on which any such document is filed, and any date on which an amendment to any such document is filed, a &ldquo;<U>Company Periodic Report
Date</U>&rdquo;), the Company shall set forth with regard to such quarter the number of Shares sold through the Agent under this Agreement
or any Terms Agreement and the Net Proceeds received by the Company with respect to sales of Shares pursuant to this Agreement or any
Terms Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(j)
Upon commencement of the offering of Shares under this Agreement, and each time the Shares are delivered to the Agent as principal on
a Settlement Date and promptly after each (i) date a new Registration Statement is filed and declared effective by the Commission, (ii)
date the Registration Statement or the Prospectus shall be amended or supplemented (other than (1) by an amendment or supplement providing
solely for the determination of the terms of the Shares, (2) in connection with the filing of a prospectus supplement that contains solely
the information set forth in Section 3(i), (3) in connection with the filing of any current reports on Form 8-K (other than any current
reports on Form 8-K which contain financial statements, supporting schedules or other financial data, including any current report on
Form 8-K under Item 2.02 of such form that is considered &ldquo;filed&rdquo; under the 1934 Act) or (4) by a prospectus supplement relating
to the offering of other securities (including, without limitation, other shares of Common Stock)) (each such date, a &ldquo;<U>Registration
Statement Amendment Date</U>&rdquo;) and (iii) Company Periodic Report Date (such commencement or recommencement date and each such date
referred to in (i), (ii) and (iii), a &ldquo;<U>Representation Date</U>&rdquo;), the Company will furnish or cause to be furnished forthwith
to the Agent a certificate dated the date of effectiveness of such amendment or the date of filing with the Commission of such supplement
or other document, as the case may be, in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Agent to the effect that the statements contained in
the certificate referred to in Section 6(e) of this Agreement which were last furnished to the Agent are true and correct at the time
of such amendment, supplement or filing, as the case may be, as though made at and as of such time (except that such statements shall
be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to such
time) or, in lieu of such certificate, a certificate of the same tenor as the certificate referred to in said Section 6(e), but modified
as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented, or to the document incorporated
by reference into the Prospectus, to the time of delivery of such certificate. As used in this paragraph, to the extent there shall be
an Applicable Time on or following the date referred to in clause (i) or (ii) above, promptly shall be deemed to be on or prior to the
next succeeding Applicable Time.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(k)
Upon commencement of the offering of Shares under this Agreement, and each time the Shares are delivered to the Agent as principal on
a Settlement Date, and within two (2) Trading Days after each Representation Date, the Company will furnish or cause to be furnished
to the Agent and to counsel to the Agent the written opinion and negative assurance representation of each Company counsel or other counsel
reasonably satisfactory to the Agent, in a form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Agent and its counsel; provided, however,
that if Company Counsel has previously furnished to the Agent such written opinion and negative assurance in the form previously agreed
between the Company and the Agent, then Company Counsel may, in respect of any future Representation Date, furnish the Agent with a letter
signed by such counsel (each, a &ldquo;<U>Reliance Letter</U>&rdquo;) in lieu of such opinion and negative assurance of such counsel
to the effect that the Agent may rely on the prior opinion and negative assurance of such counsel delivered pursuant to this Section
3(k) to the same extent as if it were dated the date of such Reliance Letter (except that statements in such prior opinion and negative
assurance shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended or supplemented to the date of such Reliance
Letter). The requirement to furnish or cause to be furnished an opinion (but not with respect to a negative assurance representation)
under this Section 3(k) shall be waived for any Representation Date other than a Representation Date on which a new Registration Statement
is filed and declared effective by the Commission or a material amendment to the Registration Statement or Prospectus is made or the
Company files its Annual Report on Form 10-K or a material amendment thereto under the 1934 Act, unless the Agent reasonably requests
such deliverable required by this Section 3(k) in connection with a Representation Date, upon which request such deliverable shall be
deliverable hereunder. Further, the requirement to furnish or cause to be furnished an opinion and a negative assurance representation
letter under this Section 3(k) shall be waived for such Representation Date occurring on a date on which no Sales Notice pursuant to
this Agreement has been delivered by the Company or is pending, provided that, if the Company subsequently decides to sell Shares following
any such Representation Date when the Company relied on such waiver and did not provide the Agent a negative assurance representation
letter pursuant to this Section 3(k), then before the Company instructs the Agent to sell Shares pursuant to this Agreement, the Company
shall provide the Agent such opinion and negative assurance representation letter.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(l)
Upon commencement of the offering of Shares under this Agreement, and each time the Shares are delivered to the Agent as principal on
a Settlement Date, and within two (2) Trading Days after each Representation Date, the Company will cause each of RM and TAAD, (or other
independent accountants satisfactory to the Agent) to furnish to the Agent a letter, dated the date of effectiveness of such amendment
or the date of filing of such supplement or other document with the Commission, as the case may be, in form reasonably satisfactory to
the Agent and its counsel, of the same tenor as the letter referred to in Section 6(c) hereof, but modified as necessary to relate to
the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, as amended and supplemented, or to the document incorporated
by reference into the Prospectus, to the date of such letter. The requirement to furnish or cause to be furnished a letter under this
Section 3(l) shall be waived for any Representation Date other than a Representation Date on which a new Registration Statement is filed
and declared effective by the Commission or a material amendment to the Registration Statement or Prospectus is made or the Company files
its Annual Report on Form 10-K or a material amendment thereto under the 1934 Act, unless the Agent reasonably requests such deliverable
required by this Section 3(k) in connection with a Representation Date, upon which request such deliverable shall be deliverable hereunder.
Further, the requirement to furnish or cause to be furnished letter under this Section 3(l) shall be waived for such Representation Date
occurring on a date on which no Sales Notice pursuant to this Agreement has been delivered by the Company or is pending, provided that,
if the Company subsequently decides to sell Shares following any such Representation Date when the Company relied on such waiver and
did not provide the Agent a letter pursuant to this Section 3(l), then before the Company instructs the Agent to sell Shares pursuant
to this Agreement, the Company shall provide the Agent such letter.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(m)
The Company consents to the Agent trading in the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock for the Agent&rsquo;s own account and for the accounts
of its clients at the same time as sales of Shares occur pursuant to this Agreement or any Terms Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(n)
[Reserved].</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(o)
The Company will cooperate timely with any reasonable due diligence review conducted by the Agent or its counsel from time to time in
connection with the transactions contemplated hereby or in any Terms Agreement, including, without limitation, and upon reasonable notice,
providing information and making available documents and appropriate corporate officers, during regular business hours and at the Company&rsquo;s
principal offices, as the Agent may reasonably request.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(p)
Without the prior written consent of the Agent, during each period commencing on the second Trading Day immediately prior to the date
on which the Company has provided a Sales Notice to the Company pursuant to Section 2(b) and ending on the close of business of the second
Trading Day immediately following the Settlement Date of the last Shares sold pursuant to such Sales Notice, the Company will not, (A)
offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or
contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant for the sale of, lend or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly,
any shares of Common Stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for or repayable with Common Stock, or file
any registration statement under the 1933 Act with respect to any of the foregoing (other than a shelf registration statement under Rule
415 under the 1933 Act, a registration statement on Form S-8 or post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement) or (B) enter
into any swap or other agreement or any transaction that transfers in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, any of the economic consequence
of ownership of the Common Stock, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for or repayable with Common Stock,
whether any such swap or transaction described in clause (A) or (B) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or such other
securities, in cash or otherwise. The foregoing sentence shall not apply to (w) the Shares to be offered and sold through the Agent pursuant
to this Agreement or any Terms Agreement, (x) equity incentive awards approved by the board of directors of the Company or the compensation
committee thereof or the issuance of Common Stock upon exercise thereof, (y) Shares or securities convertible into or exchangeable for
Shares as consideration for mergers, acquisitions, other business combinations, joint ventures or strategic alliances occurring after
the date of this Agreement which are not used for capital raising purposes and (z) Shares issuable upon exercise or conversion of outstanding
warrants or other derivative securities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(q)
[Reserved].</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(r)
Upon commencement of the offering of the Shares under this Agreement (and upon the recommencement of the offering of the Shares under
this Agreement following the termination of a suspension of sales hereunder lasting more than 30 Trading Days), and at each Representation
Date for which no waiver is applicable pursuant to this Agreement, the Company will conduct a due diligence session, in form and substance,
reasonably satisfactory to the Agent, which shall include representatives of management, Company Counsel and then-responsible independent
accountants. The Company shall cooperate timely with any reasonable due diligence request from or review conducted by the Agent or its
agents from time to time in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation, providing
information and available documents and access to appropriate corporate officers and the Company&rsquo;s agents during regular business
hours, and timely furnishing or causing to be furnished such certificates, letters and opinions from the Company, its officers and its
agents, as the Agent may reasonably request. The Company shall reimburse the Agent for Agent&rsquo;s counsel&rsquo;s fees in each such
Representation Date plus any incidental expense incurred by the Agent in connection therewith.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(s)
If to the knowledge of the Company, the conditions set forth in Section 6 shall not have been satisfied as of the applicable Settlement
Date, the Company will offer to any person who has agreed to purchase Shares from the Company as the result of an offer to purchase solicited
by the Agent the right to refuse to purchase and pay for such Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(t)
Each acceptance by the Company of an offer to purchase the Shares hereunder, and each execution and delivery by the Company of a Terms
Agreement, shall be deemed to be an affirmation to the Agent that the representations and warranties of the Company contained in or made
pursuant to this Agreement are true and correct as of the date of such acceptance or of such Terms Agreement as though made at and as
of such date, and an undertaking that such representations and warranties will be true and correct as of the Settlement Date for the
Shares relating to such acceptance or as of the time of delivery relating to such sale, as the case may be, as though made at and as
of such date (except that such representations and warranties shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus
as amended and supplemented relating to such Shares).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(u)
The Company shall ensure that there are at all times sufficient shares of Common Stock to provide for the issuance, free of any preemptive
rights, out of its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock or shares of Common Stock held in treasury, of the maximum aggregate
number of Shares authorized for issuance by the Company&rsquo;s board of directors pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. The Company
will use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Shares to be listed for trading on the Trading Market and to maintain such
listing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(v)
<U>Obligation Under 1934 Act</U>. During any period when the delivery of a prospectus relating to the Shares is required (including in
circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172, 173 or any similar rule) to be delivered under the 1933 Act,
the Company will file all documents required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to the 1934 Act within the time periods required
by the 1934 Act and the regulations thereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(w)
The Company shall cooperate with the Agent and use its commercially reasonable efforts to permit the Shares to be eligible for clearance
and settlement through the facilities of DTC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(x)
The Company will, at any time during the term of this Agreement, as supplemented from time to time, advise the Agent immediately after
it shall have received notice or obtained knowledge thereof, of any information or fact that would alter or affect any opinion, certificate,
letter and other document provided to the Agent pursuant to Section 6 herein.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(y)
If any sales are made pursuant to this Agreement which are not made in &ldquo;at the market&rdquo; offerings as defined in Rule 415,
including, without limitation, any sales pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the Company shall file a Prospectus Supplement describing the
terms of such transaction, the amount of Shares sold, the price thereof, the Agent&rsquo;s compensation, and such other information as
may be required pursuant to Rule 424 and Rule 430B, as applicable, within the time required by Rule 424.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(z)
To the extent that the Registration Statement is not available for the sales of the Shares as contemplated by this Agreement, the Company
shall file a new registration statement with respect to any additional shares of Common Stock necessary to complete such sales of the
Shares and shall cause such registration statement to become effective as promptly as practicable. After the effectiveness of any such
registration statement, all references to &ldquo;<U>Registration Statement</U>&rdquo; included in this Agreement shall be deemed to include
such new registration statement, including all documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3, and all references
to &ldquo;<U>Base Prospectus</U>&rdquo; included in this Agreement shall be deemed to include the final form of base prospectus, including
all documents incorporated therein by reference, included in any such registration statement at the time such registration statement
became effective.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
4. <U>Free Writing Prospectus</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
(i) The Company represents and agrees that without the prior consent of the Agent, it has not made and will not make any offer relating
to the Shares that would constitute a &ldquo;free writing prospectus&rdquo; as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)
the Agent represents and agrees that, without the prior consent of the Company, it has not made and will not make any offer relating
to the Shares that would constitute a free writing prospectus required to be filed with the Commission.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
The Company has complied and will comply with the requirements of Rule 433 under the 1933 Act applicable to any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus
(including any free writing prospectus identified in Section 4(a) hereof), including timely filing with the Commission or retention where
required and legending.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
5. <U>Payment of Expenses</U>. The Company agrees to pay the costs and expenses incident to the performance of its obligations under
this Agreement, whether or not the transactions contemplated hereby are consummated, including without limitation: (i) the preparation,
printing or reproduction and filing with the Commission of the Registration Statement (including financial statements and exhibits thereto),
the Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and each amendment or supplement to any of them; (ii) the printing (or reproduction)
and delivery (including postage, air freight charges and charges for counting and packaging) of such copies of the Registration Statement,
the Prospectus, and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and all amendments or supplements to any of them, as may, in each case, be reasonably
requested for use in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares; (iii) the preparation, printing, authentication, issuance and
delivery of certificates for the Shares, including any stamp or transfer taxes in connection with the original issuance and sale of the
Shares; (iv) the printing (or reproduction) and delivery of this Agreement, any blue sky memorandum and all other agreements or documents
printed (or reproduced) and delivered in connection with the offering of the Shares; (v) the registration of the Shares under the 1934
Act, if applicable, and the listing of the Shares on the trading market; (vi) any registration or qualification of the Shares for offer
and sale under the securities or blue sky laws of the several states (including filing fees and the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel
for the Agent relating to such registration and qualification); (vii) the transportation and other expenses incurred by or on behalf
of Company representatives in connection with presentations to prospective purchasers of the Shares; (viii) the fees and expenses of
the Company&rsquo;s accountants and the fees and expenses of counsel (including local and special counsel) for the Company; (ix) the
filing fee under FINRA Rule 5110; (x) the reasonable fees and expenses of the Agent&rsquo;s counsel (excluding any periodic due diligence
fees provided for under Section 3(r)), which shall be paid upon the execution of this agreement; and (xi) all other costs and expenses
incident to the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
6. <U>Conditions of Agent&rsquo;s Obligation</U>. The obligations of the Agent hereunder shall be subject, in the Agent&rsquo;s discretion,
to the condition that all representations and warranties and other statements of the Company herein or in certificates of any officer
of the Company delivered pursuant to the provisions hereof are true and correct as of the time of the execution of this Agreement, the
date of any executed Terms Agreement and as of each Registration Statement Amendment Date, Company Periodic Report Date, Applicable Time,
Settlement Date and time of delivery of a Sales Notice, to the condition that the Company shall have performed all of its obligations
hereunder theretofore to be performed, and the following additional conditions:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
The Initial Registration Statement shall have been declared effective by the Commission and the Prospectus Supplement shall have been
filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act, any other material required to be filed by the Company pursuant
to Rule 433(d) under the 1933 Act shall have been filed with the Commission within the applicable time periods prescribed for such filings
by Rule 433; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof shall have been issued and
no proceeding for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission and no notice of objection of the Commission
to the use of the form of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto pursuant to Rule 401(g)(2) under the 1933
Act shall have been received; no stop order suspending or preventing the use of the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus
shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission; and all requests for additional information on the part of the Commission
shall have been complied with to the reasonable satisfaction of the Agent.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
On every date specified in Section 3(k) hereof and on such other dates as reasonably requested by the Agent, Ellenoff Grossman &amp;
Schole LLP (&ldquo;<U>Company Counsel</U>&rdquo;), counsel for the Company, shall have furnished to the Agent written opinion or opinions
and negative assurance statement, dated as of such date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Agent.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)
(b) On every date specified in Section 3(l) hereof and on such other dates as reasonably requested by the Agent, the Company shall have
requested and caused each of RM and TAAD (or other independent accountants satisfactory to the Agent) to have furnished to the Agent
letters (which may refer to letters previously delivered to the Agent), dated as of such date, in form and substance satisfactory in
all respects to the Agent.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
Prior to commencement of the offering of Shares under this Agreement (and upon the recommencement of the offering of the Shares under
this Agreement following the termination of a suspension of sales hereunder lasting more than 30 Trading Days), the Agent shall have
received a certificate, signed on behalf of the Company by its corporate Secretary, in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent and
its counsel.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)
On every date specified in Section 3(j) hereof and on such other dates as reasonably requested by the Agent, the Company shall have furnished
or caused to be furnished to the Agent a certificate of the Company signed by the Chief Executive Officer or the President and the principal
financial or accounting officer of the Company, dated as of such date, to the effect that the signers of such certificate have carefully
examined the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Prospectus Supplement and any documents incorporated by reference therein and
any supplements or amendments thereto and this Agreement and that:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
the representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct on and as of such date with the same effect
as if made on such date and the Company has complied with all the agreements and satisfied all the conditions on its part to be performed
or satisfied at or prior to such date;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)
no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any notice objecting to its use has been issued and no proceedings
for that purpose have been instituted or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)
since the date of the most recent financial statements included in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Incorporated Documents,
there has been no Material Adverse Effect on the condition (financial or otherwise), earnings, business or properties of the Company
and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, except as set forth
in or contemplated in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)
Since the date of the latest audited financial statements then included or incorporated by reference in the General Disclosure Package
and the Prospectus, no Material Adverse Effect shall have occurred.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(g)
The Company shall have complied with the provisions of Section 3(c) hereof with respect to the timely furnishing of prospectuses.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(h)
On such dates as reasonably requested by the Agent, the Company shall have conducted due diligence sessions, in form and substance satisfactory
to the Agent.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
All filings with the Commission required by Rule 424 under the 1933 Act to have been filed by each Applicable Time or related Settlement
Date shall have been made within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by Rule 424 (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8)).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(j)
The Company shall have paid the required Commission filing fees relating to the Shares within the time period required by Rule 456(b)(1)(i)
of the 1933 Act without regard to the proviso therein and otherwise in accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r) of the 1933 Act and, if
applicable, shall have updated the &ldquo;Calculation of Registration Fee&rdquo; table in accordance with Rule 456(b)(1)(ii) either in
a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement or on the cover page of a prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(k)
The Shares shall have received approval for listing or quotation on the Exchange prior to the first Settlement Date, and satisfactory
evidence of such actions shall have been provided to the Agent.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(l)
FINRA shall not have raised any objection with respect to the fairness and reasonableness of the terms and arrangements under this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(m)
Prior to any Settlement Date, the Company shall have furnished to the Agent such further information, documents or certificates as the
Agent may reasonably request.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
7. <U>Indemnification</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
The Company will indemnify and hold harmless the Agent against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, to which the Agent may become
subject, under the 1933 Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise
out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement,
the Base Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus
or any &ldquo;issuer information&rdquo; filed or required to be filed pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the 1933 Act, or arise out of or
are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading, and will reimburse the Agent for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Agent in connection
with investigating or defending any such action or claim as such expenses are incurred; provided, however, that the Company shall not
be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement
or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement
or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, in reliance upon and in strict conformity
with written information furnished to the Company by the Agent expressly for use therein.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
The Agent will indemnify and hold harmless the Company against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which the Company may become
subject, under the 1933 Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise
out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement,
the Base Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing
Prospectus, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue
statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the
Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus, or any such amendment or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, in reliance
upon and in strict conformity with written information furnished to the Company by the Agent expressly for use therein; and will reimburse
the Company for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company in connection with investigating or defending any such
action or claim as such expenses are incurred.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)
Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified
party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under such subsection, notify the indemnifying
party in writing of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability
which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under such subsection except and then only to the extent such indemnifying
party is materially prejudiced thereby. In case any such action shall be brought against any indemnified party and it shall notify the
indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that
it shall wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory
to such indemnified party (who shall not, except with the consent of the indemnified party, be counsel to the indemnifying party), and,
after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying
party shall not be liable to such indemnified party under this Section 7 for any legal expenses of other counsel or any other expenses,
in each case subsequently incurred by such indemnified party, in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation.
No indemnifying party shall, without the written consent of the indemnified party, effect the settlement or compromise of, or consent
to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened action or claim in respect of which indemnification or contribution
may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified party is an actual or potential party to such action or claim) unless such settlement,
compromise or judgment (i) includes an unconditional release of the indemnified party from all liability arising out of such action or
claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of any indemnified
party.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
If the indemnification provided for in this Section 7 is unavailable to hold harmless an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b)
above in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to therein, then each indemnifying
party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities
(or actions in respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the
one hand and the Agent on the other from the offering of the Shares to which such loss, claim, damage or liability (or action in respect
thereof) relates. If, however, the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law, then
each indemnifying party shall contribute to such amount paid or payable by such indemnified party in such proportion as is appropriate
to reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Agent on the other in connection
with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof), as well
as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Agent on the other
shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by the
Company bear to the total commissions received by the Agent. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things,
whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates
to information supplied by the Company on the one hand or the Agent on the other and the parties&rsquo; relative intent, knowledge, access
to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and the Agent agree that it would not be
just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this subsection (d) were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation
which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this subsection (d). The amount paid or payable by an
indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to above in this
subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with
investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection (d), the Agent shall not be required
to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total compensation received by the Agent with respect to sales of the Shares
sold by them to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which the Agent have otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue
or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of
Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)
The obligations of the Company under this Section 7 shall be in addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise have and shall
extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to the directors, officers, employees, attorneys and agents of the Agent and to each person,
if any, who controls the Agent within the meaning of the 1933 Act and each broker dealer affiliate of the Agent; and the obligations
of the Agent under this Section 7 shall be in addition to any liability which the Agent may otherwise have and shall extend, upon the
same terms and conditions, to each director, officer, employee, attorney and agent of the Company and to each person, if any, who controls
the Company within the meaning of the 1933 Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
8. <U>Representations, Warranties and Agreements to Survive Delivery</U>. The respective indemnities, agreements, representations, warranties
and other statements of the Company and the Agent, as set forth in this Agreement or made by or on behalf of them, respectively, pursuant
to this Agreement, shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation (or any statement as to the results thereof)
made by or on behalf of the Agent or any controlling person of the Agent, or the Company, or any officer or director or controlling person
of the Company, and shall survive delivery of and payment for the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
9. <U>No Advisory or Fiduciary Relationship</U>. The Company acknowledges and agrees that (i) the Agent is acting solely in the capacity
of an arm&rsquo;s length contractual counterparty to the Company with respect to the offering of Shares contemplated hereby (including
in connection with determining the terms of such offering) and (ii) the Agent has not assumed an advisory or fiduciary responsibility
in favor of the Company with respect to the offering contemplated hereby or the process leading thereto (irrespective of whether the
Agent has advised or is currently advising the Company on other matters) or any other obligation to the Company except the obligations
expressly set forth in this Agreement and (iii) the Company has consulted its own legal and financial advisors to the extent it deemed
appropriate. The Company agrees that it will not claim that the Agent has rendered advisory services of any nature or respect, or owes
a fiduciary or similar duty to the Company, in connection with such transaction or the process leading thereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
10. <U>Termination</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
The Company shall have the right, by giving written notice as hereinafter specified, to terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion
at any time upon ten (10) business days&rsquo; prior written notice. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to
any other party, except that (i) with respect to any pending sale through the Agent for the Company, the obligations of the Company,
including in respect of compensation of the Agent, shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination; and (ii) the
provisions of Section 1, Section 5(b), Section 7, Section 8, Section 14 and Section 15 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and
effect notwithstanding such termination.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
The Agent shall have the right, by giving written notice as hereinafter specified, to terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion
at any time upon ten (10) business days&rsquo; prior written notice. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to
any other party except that the provisions of Section 1, Section 5(b), Section 7, Section 8, Section 14 and Section 15 of this Agreement
shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)
Unless earlier terminated pursuant to this Section 10, this Agreement shall automatically terminate upon the issuance and sale of all
of the Shares by the Agent on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein except any termination pursuant to this clause
(c) shall in all cases be deemed to provide that Section 1, Section 5, Section 7, Section 8, Section 14 and Section 15 of this Agreement
shall remain in full force and effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect until and unless terminated pursuant to Section 10(a), (b) or (c) above or otherwise
by mutual agreement of the parties; <U>provided</U> that any such termination by mutual agreement or pursuant to this clause (c) shall
in all cases be deemed to provide that Section 1, Section 5, Section 7, Section 8, Section 14 and Section 15 of this Agreement shall
remain in full force and effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)
Any termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination; <U>provided</U> that such termination
shall not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by the Agent or the Company, as the case may
be. If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date for any sale of Shares, such sale shall settle in accordance with the
provisions of Section 2(g) hereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)
In the case of any purchase by the Agent pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the Agent may terminate this Agreement, at any time at or prior
to the Settlement Date (i) if there has been, since the time of execution of this Agreement or since the respective dates as of which
information is given in the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, any Material Adverse Effect, or (ii) if there has occurred
any material adverse change in the financial markets in the United States or the international financial markets, any outbreak of hostilities
or escalation thereof or other calamity or crisis or any change or development involving a prospective change in national or international
political, financial or economic conditions, in each case the effect of which is such as to make it, in the judgment of such Agent, impracticable
or inadvisable to market the Shares or to enforce contracts for the sale of Shares, or (iii) if trading in any securities of the Company
has been suspended or materially limited by the Commission or the Exchange, or if trading generally on the NYSE American or the New York
Stock Exchange or the Nasdaq Stock Market has been suspended or materially limited, or minimum or maximum prices for trading have been
fixed, or maximum ranges for prices have been required, by any of said exchanges or by such system or by order of the Commission, FINRA
or any other governmental authority, or (iv) a material disruption has occurred in commercial banking or securities settlement or clearance
services in the United States, or (v) if a banking moratorium has been declared by either Federal or New York authorities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
11. <U>Notices</U>. All statements, requests, notices and agreements hereunder shall be in writing, and if to the Agent shall be delivered
or sent by mail, telex or facsimile transmission to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Titan
Partners Group LLC,</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a
division of American Capital Partners, LLC</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4
World Trade Center, 29th Floor</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New
York, NY 10007</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Attention:
Adam Sands</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">E-mail:
notices@titanpartnersgrp.com</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">and
if to the Company to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SurgePays,
Inc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3124
Brother Blvd, Suite 104<BR>
Bartlett, TN 38133<BR>
Attention: Brian Cox<BR>
E-mail: brian@surgepays.com</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">With
a copy to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ellenoff
Grossman &amp; Schole LLP<BR>
1345 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY 10105<BR>
Attention: Sarah Williams<BR>
Email: swilliams@egsllp.com</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any
such statements, requests, notices or agreements shall take effect upon receipt thereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
12. <U>Parties</U>. This Agreement shall be binding upon, and inure solely to the benefit of, the Agent and the Company and, to the extent
provided in Sections 7 and 8 hereof, the officers, directors, employees, attorneys and agents of the Company and the Agent and each person
who controls the Company or the Agent, and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns, and no other person
shall acquire or have any right under or by virtue of this Agreement. No purchaser of Shares through the Agent shall be deemed a successor
or assign by reason merely of such purchase.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
13. <U>Time of the Essence</U>. Time shall be of the essence of this Agreement. As used herein, the term &ldquo;business day&rdquo; shall
mean any day when the Commission&rsquo;s office in Washington, D.C. is open for business.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
14. <U>Amendments; Waivers</U>. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument
signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and the Agent. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition
or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver
of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder
in any manner impair the exercise of any such right.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
15. <U>Waiver of Jury Trial</U>. The Company and the Agent hereby irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law,
any and all right to jury trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated
hereby.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
16. <U>Governing Law</U>. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT
REFERENCE TO ITS PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
17. <U>Counterparts</U>. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement may be executed by any one or more of the parties hereto and thereto
in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all such respective counterparts shall together constitute
one and the same instrument. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement may be delivered by any party by facsimile or other electronic transmission.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
18. <U>Severability</U>. The invalidity or unenforceability of any Section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement shall not affect
the validity or enforceability of any other Section, paragraph or provision hereof. If any Section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement
is for any reason determined to be invalid or unenforceable, there shall be deemed to be made such minor changes (and only such minor
changes) as are necessary to make it valid and enforceable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
19. <U>Recognition of the U.S</U>. Special Resolution Regimes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
In the event that the Agent becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer from the Agent of this
Agreement, and any interest and obligation in or under this Agreement, will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be
effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by the laws
of the United States or a state of the United States.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
In the event that the Agent or a BHC Act Affiliate of the Agent becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime,
Default Rights under this Agreement that may be exercised against the Agent are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such
Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement were governed by the laws of the United
States or a state of the United States.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
purposes of this Section 19:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<U>BHC
Act Affiliate</U>&rdquo; has the meaning assigned to the term &ldquo;affiliate&rdquo; in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with,
12 U.S.C. &sect; 1841(k).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<U>Default
Right</U>&rdquo; has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &sect;&sect; 252.81,
47.2 or 382.1, as applicable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<U>U.S.
Special Resolution Regime</U>&rdquo; means each of (i) the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and
(ii) Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and return to the Company a counterpart hereof,
whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts, will become a binding agreement between the Agent and the Company in accordance
with its terms.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Very
truly yours,</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SURGEPAYS,
INC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" BORDER="0" STYLE="width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">By:</TD>
  <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD STYLE="width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
  <TD STYLE="width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Kevin Brian Cox</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
  <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Executive Officer</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accepted
as of the date hereof:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Titan Partners Group, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a division of American Capital Partners, LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:
    <U></U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Annex
I</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SURGEPAYS,
INC.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
Stock</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">($0.001
par value per share)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>TERMS
AGREEMENT</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Titan
Partners Group LLC,</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a
division of American Capital Partners, LLC</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4
World Trade Center, 29th Floor</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New
York, NY 10007</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ladies
and Gentlemen:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SurgePays,
Inc., a corporation formed under the laws of the State of Nevada (the &ldquo;<U>Company</U>&rdquo;), proposes, subject to the terms and
conditions stated herein and in the At the Market Offering Agreement, dated August 5, 2025 (the &ldquo;<U>Sales Agreement</U>&rdquo;),
by and between the Company and Titan Partners Group LLC, a division of American Capital Partners, LLC (the &ldquo;<U>Agent</U>&rdquo;),
to issue and sell to the Agent the securities specified in the Schedule hereto (the &ldquo;<U>Purchased Securities</U>&rdquo;)[, and
solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments, to grant to the Agent the option to purchase the additional securities specified
in the Schedule hereto (the &ldquo;<U>Additional Securities</U>&rdquo;)]*.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">[The
Agent shall have the right to purchase from the Company all or a portion of the Additional Securities as may be necessary to cover over-allotments
made in connection with the offering of the Purchased Securities, at the same purchase price per share to be paid by the Agent to the
Company for the Purchased Securities. This option may be exercised by the Agent at any time (but not more than once) on or before the
thirtieth day following the date hereof, by written notice to the Company. Such notice shall set forth the aggregate number of shares
of Additional Securities as to which the option is being exercised, and the date and time when the Additional Securities are to be delivered
(such date and time being herein referred to as the &ldquo;<U>Option Closing Date</U>&rdquo;); provided, however, that the Option Closing
Date shall not be earlier than the time of delivery (as set forth in the Schedule hereto) nor later than the fifth business day after
the date on which the option shall have been exercised. Payment of the purchase price for the Additional Securities shall be made at
the Option Closing Date in the same manner and at the same office as the payment for the Purchased Securities.]*</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
of the provisions of the Sales Agreement not specifically related to the solicitation by the Agent, as agent of the Company, of offers
to purchase securities is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, and shall be deemed to be part of this Terms Agreement to
the same extent as if such provisions had been set forth in full herein. Each of the representations and warranties set forth therein
shall be deemed to have been made at and as of the date of this Terms Agreement [and] [,] the Applicable Time [and any Option Closing
Date]*, except that each representation and warranty in Section 1 of the Sales Agreement which makes reference to the Prospectus (as
therein defined) shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty as of the date of the Sales Agreement in relation to the Prospectus,
and also a representation and warranty as of the date of this Terms Agreement [and] [,] the Settlement Date [and any Option Closing Date]*
in relation to the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to relate to the Purchased Securities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">An
amendment to the Registration Statement (as defined in the Sales Agreement), or a supplement to the Prospectus, as the case may be, relating
to the Purchased Securities [and the Additional Securities]*, in the form heretofore delivered to the Agent is now proposed to be filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Subject
to the terms and conditions set forth herein and in the Sales Agreement which are incorporated herein by reference, the Company agrees
to issue and sell to the Agent, and the latter agrees to purchase from the Company, the number of shares of the Purchased Securities
at the time and place and at the purchase price set forth in the Schedule hereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and return to the Company a counterpart hereof,
whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts, will become a binding agreement between the Agent and the Company in accordance
with its terms.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Very
truly yours,</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SURGEPAYS, INC.</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:
</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accepted
as of the date hereof:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">TITAN
PARTNERS GROUP LLC, A DIVISION OF AMERICAN CAPITAL PARTNERS, LLC</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:
    <U></U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-5.1
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>ex5-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EX-5.1
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.1pt 0pt 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Sans-Serif; font-size: 9pt; color: Red"><B></B></FONT><B>Exhibit 5.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.1pt 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.1pt 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD STYLE="width: 50%"><IMG SRC="ex5-1_001.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="width: 50%"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.1pt 0pt 0; text-align: right">1345 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, 11<SUP>th</SUP>
FLOOR</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.1pt 0pt 0; text-align: right">NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10017</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.1pt 0pt 0; text-align: right">TELEPHONE: (212) 370-1300</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.1pt 0pt 0; text-align: right">FACSIMILE: (212) 370-7889</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.1pt 0pt 0; text-align: right">www.egsllp.com</P>

</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.1pt 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">August 5, 2025</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">SurgePays, Inc.<BR>
3124 Brother Blvd, Suite 104</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">Bartlett, Tennessee 38133</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left">Re:</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><U>Registration Statement on Form S-3 (333-273110)</U></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Ladies and Gentlemen:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">We
have acted as counsel to SurgePays, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the &ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;), in connection with the above-referenced
registration statement (the &ldquo;<B>Registration Statement</B>&rdquo;), the base prospectus dated November 23, 2023 (the &ldquo;<B>Base
Prospectus</B>&rdquo;) and the prospectus supplement dated August 5, 2025 (the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement,
the &ldquo;<B>Prospectus</B>&rdquo;), relating to the offering by the Company of up to $15,000,000 shares (the &ldquo;<B>Shares</B>&rdquo;)
of the Company&rsquo;s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (&ldquo;<B>Common Stock</B>&rdquo;). The Shares are covered by the Registration
Statement and we understand that the Shares are to be offered and sold in the manner described in the Prospectus. This opinion is being
delivered at the request of the Company and in accordance with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the
Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;<B>SEC</B>&rdquo;). </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">For purposes of this opinion,
we have examined such documents and reviewed such questions of law as we have considered necessary and appropriate for the purposes of
our opinion set forth below. In rendering our opinion, we have assumed the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals,
the genuineness of all signatures and the conformity to authentic originals of all documents submitted to us as copies. We have also assumed
the legal capacity for all purposes relevant hereto of all natural persons and, with respect to all parties to agreements or instruments
relevant hereto other than the Company, that such parties had the requisite power and authority (corporate or otherwise) to execute, deliver
and perform such agreements or instruments, that such agreements or instruments have been duly authorized by all requisite action (corporate
or otherwise), executed and delivered by such parties and that such agreements or instruments are the valid, binding and enforceable obligations
of such parties. As to questions of fact material to our opinions, we have relied upon certificates of officers of the Company and of
public officials.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Based upon and subject to
the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the Shares have been duly authorized and, when issued and paid for as described in the Prospectus,
will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The opinions expressed herein
are limited to the laws of the Nevada Revised Statutes of the State of Nevada and the laws of the State of New York, as currently in effect,
and no opinion is expressed with respect to any other laws or any effect that such other laws may have on the opinions expressed herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We consent to the filing
of this opinion with the SEC as Exhibit 5.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated August 5, 2025, which is
incorporated by reference in the Prospectus. We also consent to the reference of our firm under the caption &ldquo;Experts&rdquo; in
the Prospectus and in each case in any amendment or supplement thereto. In giving this consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in
the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 and Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;<B>Act</B>&rdquo;),
or the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder, nor do we admit that we are experts with respect to any part of the Prospectus
within the meaning of the term &ldquo;expert&rdquo; as used in the Act or the related rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; font-size: 10pt">Very truly yours,</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/ Ellenoff Grossman &amp; Schole LLP</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>surg-20250805.xsd
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL SCHEMA FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" ?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 6.1a -->
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    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Misc; Value: 96Mps7xRiXgen8uDanwsWa+D+bP9z5Z8iekhvWB1banajyIqoKzR0iKwtH/mkS4J -->
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2025" xmlns:srt-types="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2025" xmlns:SURG="http://surgepays.com/20250805" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://surgepays.com/20250805">
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          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2025/elts/us-gaap-2025.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2025/elts/us-types-2025.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31/types.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2025/country-2025.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2025/elts/srt-2025.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2025/elts/srt-types-2025.xsd" />
</schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>surg-20250805_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL LABEL FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>surg-20250805_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.25.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 05, 2025</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Aug.  05,  2025<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-40992<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">SURGEPAYS, INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001392694<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">98-0550352<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">NV<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">3124 Brother Blvd<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">Suite 104<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Bartlett<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">TN<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">38133<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(901)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">302-9587<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">SURG<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
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<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14a<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
