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Income Taxes
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES

NOTE 17 – INCOME TAXES

 

The entities within the Company file separate tax returns in the respective tax jurisdictions in which they operate.

 

Cayman Islands

 

The Company is a tax-exempt entity incorporated in Cayman Islands.

 

Hong Kong

 

HiTek Hong Kong Limited was incorporated in Hong Kong and does not conduct any substantial operations of its own. No provision for Hong Kong profits tax has been made in the CFS as HiTek Hong Kong Limited has no assessable profits for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021.

 

PRC

 

The Company’s PRC operating subsidiary and VIEs, being incorporated in the PRC, are governed by the income tax law of the PRC and is subject to PRC enterprise income tax (“EIT”). The EIT rate of PRC is 25%, which applies to both domestic and foreign invested companies. One of the Company’s subsidiaries located in the Xinjiang Huoerguosi special development zones, Huoerguosi, is currently exempt from corporate income tax in China from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021. Since the beginning of 2022, Huoerguosi did not enjoy the above preferential tax policy. State Administration of Taxation and Ministry of Finance issued a notice related to the tax relief policy for small-scale companies in January 2019. According to the notice, from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021, if a small profit-making enterprise has annual taxable income less than or equal to RMB 1 million, only 25% of its annual taxable income will be subject to income tax at a reduced rate of 20%; for those with annual taxable income more than RMB 1 million but less than RMB 3 million, 50% of their annual taxable income will be subject to income tax at the reduced rate of 20%. In April 2021, on the basis of the previous preferential policy, State Administration of Taxation and Ministry of Finance issued a notice stating that, from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022, for those with annual taxable income less than or equal to RMB 1 million, only 12.5% of its annual taxable income will be subject to income tax at a reduced rate of 20%. In March 2022, on the basis of the previous preferential policy, State Administration of Taxation and Ministry of Finance further issued a notice stating that, from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2024, for those with annual taxable income more than RMB 1 million but did not exceed RMB 3 million, 25% of their annual taxable income will be subject to income tax at the same reduced rate of 20%. In March 2023, on the basis of the previous preferential policy, State Administration of Taxation and Ministry of Finance issued a notice stating that, from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2024, for those with annual taxable income less than or equal to RMB 1 million, 25% of their annual taxable income will be subject to income tax at the same reduced rate of 20%.

 

The Company’s income (loss) before income taxes includes the following for the years ended December 31.

 

   2023   2022   2021 
             
Non-PRC operations  $(176,949)  $(385,297)  $(328,672)
PRC operations   1,771,475    2,254,260    2,540,882 
Total income before income taxes  $1,594,526   $1,868,963   $2,212,210 

 

Income tax expense was comprised of the following for the years ended December 31.

 

   2023   2022   2021 
             
Current tax expense  $207,553   $276,189   $202,229 
Deferred tax expense   339,332    177,029    340,624 
Total income tax expense  $546,885   $453,218   $542,853 

 

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The cumulative tax effect at the expected rate of 25% of significant items comprising the net deferred tax amount is at December 31, 2023 and 2022 as follows.

 

   2023   2022 
         
Deferred tax assets        
Net operating loss  $8,338   $5,313 
Deferred revenue   39,340    205,605 
Unbilled cost   374,357    355,461 
Unbilled interest expenses   37,727    34,592 
Software amortization   259,965    267,039 
Allowance for doubtful accounts   13,459    8,308 
Inventories obsolescence   (6,591)   7,043 
Unrealized losses on trading securities   1,761    1,809 
Accrued Bonus   43,074    62,441 
Other   34,246    31,819 
Total deferred tax assets   805,676    979,430 
Deferred tax liabilities          
Unbilled revenue   (2,270,234)   (2,149,169)
Unbilled interest income   (50,369)   (69,149)
Deferred government subsidiary income   (41,673)   (42,806)
Unrealized gain on short-term investment   (285)   (2,796)
Other   (14,336)   (4,462)
Total deferred tax liabilities   (2,376,897)   (2,268,382)
Valuation allowance   (32,942)   (11,469)
Net deferred tax liabilities  $(1,604,163)  $(1,300,421)

 

Following is a reconciliation of income tax expense at the effective rate to income tax at the calculated statutory rates for the years ended December 31.

 

   2023   2022   2021 
             
PRC statutory tax rate   25%   25.0%   25.0%
Effect of different tax rates in different jurisdictions   2.8%   5.2%   3.7%
Permanent difference   
-
%   (0.1)%   1.1%
Tax holiday effect (1)   6.5%   (5.9)%   (5.3)%
Effective tax rate   34.3%   24.2%   24.5%

 

(1)A PRC subsidiary incurred loss in 2023, which resulted in tax benefit and positive tax holiday effect in 2023.

 

Uncertain Tax Positions

 

The Company had no significant unrecognized uncertain tax positions or unrecognized liabilities, interest or penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefit as of and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.