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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

COVID-19

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease ("COVID-19") as a pandemic. The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative effect on the global economy, disrupting the financial markets creating increasing volatility and overall uncertainty. The Company began to experience modest adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in the fourth quarter of fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 and this impact is expected to become more adverse and to continue throughout at least the first half of the fiscal year ending March 31, 2021, and possibly longer. The Company's event and programmatic advertising revenues were directly impacted in the first half of 2021 fiscal year with all on-premise in-person live music festivals and events postponed and mixed demand from historical programmatic advertising partners. Further, one of the Company's larger customers also experienced a temporary halt to its production as a result of COVID-19, which in turn could adversely impact the Company's near-term subscriber growth in 2021. During the six months ended September 30, 2020, the Company enacted several initiatives to counteract these near-term challenges, including salary reductions, obtaining a Paycheck Protection Program loan (see Note 8 - Notes Payable) and pivoting its live music production to 100% digital. The Company began producing, curating, and broadcasting digital music festivals and events across its platform which has resulted in the growth in the number of live events streamed, related sponsorship revenue and overall viewership. The Company also launched a new pay-per-view ("PPV) offering in May 2020, enabling new forms of artist revenue including digital tickets, tipping, digital meet and greet and merchandise sales. However, there is uncertainty as to the duration and overall impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which could result in an adverse material change in a future period to the Company's results of operations, financial position and liquidity.

On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was enacted in the United States. The CARES Act provides numerous tax provisions and other stimulus measures, including temporary changes regarding the prior and future utilization of net operating losses and technical corrections from prior tax legislation for tax depreciation of certain qualified improvement property. The Company evaluated the provisions of the CARES Act and does not anticipate the associated impacts, if any, will have a material effect on its provision for income taxes.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with the United States of America ("US") generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") requires the Company's management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include revenue, allowance for doubtful accounts, the assigned value of acquired assets and assumed and contingent liabilities associated with business combinations and the related purchase price allocation, useful lives and impairment of property and equipment, intangible assets, goodwill and other assets, the fair value of the Company's equity-based compensation awards and convertible debt and debenture instruments, fair values of derivatives, and contingencies. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates compared to historical experience and trends, which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities. Given the overall uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a reasonable possibility that actual results could differ from those estimates and such differences could be material to the financial position and results of operations, specifically in assessing when the collectability of revenue related consideration is probable, and the impairment assessment of goodwill, indefinite lived assets or long-lived assets that are depreciated or amortized.

Revenue Recognition Policy

The Company accounts for a contract with a customer when an approved contract exists, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and the collectability of substantially all of the consideration is probable. Revenue is recognized when the Company satisfies its obligation by transferring control of the goods or services to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company uses the expected value method to estimate the value of variable consideration on advertising and with original equipment manufacturer contracts to include in the transaction price and reflect changes to such estimates in periods in which they occur. Variable consideration for these services is allocated to and recognized over the related time period such advertising and subscription services are rendered as the amounts reflect the consideration the Company is entitled to and relate specifically to the Company's efforts to satisfy its performance obligation. The amount of variable consideration included in revenue is limited to the extent that it is probable that the amount will not be subject to significant reversal when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.

Practical Expedients

The Company elected the practical expedient and recognized the incremental costs of obtaining a contract, if any, as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that would have been recognized is one year or less.

Gross Versus Net Revenue Recognition

The Company reports revenue on a gross or net basis based on management's assessment of whether the Company acts as a principal or agent in the transaction. To the extent the Company acts as the principal, revenue is reported on a gross basis net of any sales tax from customers, when applicable. The determination of whether the Company acts as a principal or an agent in a transaction is based on an evaluation of whether the Company controls the good or service prior to transfer to the customer. Where applicable, the Company has determined that it acts as the principal in all of its subscription service streams and may act as principal or agent for its ticketing/live events, advertising and licensing revenue streams.

The Company's revenue is principally derived from the following services:

Subscription Services

Subscription services revenue substantially consist of monthly to annual recurring subscription fees, which are primarily paid in advance by credit card or through direct billings arrangements. The Company defers the portions of monthly to annual recurring subscription fees collected in advance and recognizes them in the period earned. Subscription revenue is recognized in the period of services rendered. The Company's subscription revenue consists of performance obligations that are satisfied over time. This has been determined based on the fact that the nature of services offered are subscription based where the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of the services provided regardless of whether the customer uses the services or not. As a result, the Company has concluded that the best measure of progress toward the complete satisfaction of the performance obligation over time is a time-based measure. The Company recognizes subscription revenue straight-line through the subscription period.

Subscription Services consist of:

Direct subscriber, mobile service provider and mobile app services

The Company generates revenue for subscription services on both a direct basis and through subscriptions sold through certain third-party mobile service providers and mobile app services (collectively the "Mobile Providers"). For subscriptions sold through the Mobile Providers, the subscriber executes an on-line agreement with Slacker outlining the terms and conditions between Slacker and the subscriber upon purchase of the subscription. The Mobile Providers promote the Slacker app through their e-store, process payments for subscriptions, and retain a percentage of revenue as a fee. The Company reports this revenue gross of the fee retained by the Mobile Providers, as the subscriber is Slacker's customer in the contract and Slacker controls the service prior to the transfer to the subscriber. Subscription revenues from monthly subscriptions sold directly through Mobile Providers are subject to such Mobile Providers' refund or cancellation terms. Revenues from Mobile Providers are recognized net of any such adjustments for variable consideration, including refunds and other fees. The Company's payment terms vary based on whether the subscription is sold on a direct basis or through Mobile Providers. Subscriptions sold on a direct basis require payment before the services are delivered to the customer. The payment terms for subscriptions sold through Mobile Providers vary, but are generally payable within 30 days.

Third-Party Original Equipment Manufacturers

The Company generates revenue for subscription services through subscriptions sold through a third-party Original Equipment Manufacturer (the "OEM"). For subscriptions sold through the OEM, the OEM executes an agreement with Slacker outlining the terms and conditions between Slacker and the OEM upon purchase of the subscription. The OEM installs the Slacker app in their equipment and provides the Slacker service to the OEM's customers. The monthly fee charged to the OEM is based upon a fixed rate per vehicle, multiplied by the variable number of total vehicles which have the Slacker application installed. The number of customers, or the variable consideration, is reported by OEMs and resolved on a monthly basis. The Company's payment terms with OEM are up to 30 days.

Advertising Revenue

Advertising revenue primarily consist of revenues generated from the sale of audio, video, and display advertising space to third-party advertising exchanges. Revenues are recognized based on delivery of impressions over the contract period to the third-party exchanges, either when an ad is placed for listening or viewing by a visitor or when the visitor "clicks through" on the advertisement. The advertising exchange companies report the variable advertising revenue performed on a monthly basis which represents the Company's efforts to satisfy the performance obligation. Additionally, following the acquisition of PodcastOne, the Company began deriving revenue from podcast advertising. PodcastOne earns advertising revenues primarily for fees earned from advertisement placement purchased by the customer during the time the podcast is delivered to the viewing audience, under the terms and conditions as set forth in the applicable podcasting agreement calculated using audience activity.

Licensing Revenue

Licensing revenue primarily consists of sales of licensing rights to digitally stream its live music services in certain geographies (e.g. China). Licensing revenue is recognized when the Company satisfies its performance obligation by transferring control of the goods or services to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, which is typically when the live event has aired. Any license fees collected in advance of an event are deferred until the event airs. The Company reports licensing revenue on a gross basis as the Company acts as the principal in the underlying transactions.

Sponsorship Revenue

Sponsorship revenue primarily consists of sales of sponsorship programs that provide sponsors with opportunities to reach our customers. Sponsorship revenue is recognized when the Company satisfies its performance obligation by transferring control of the goods or services to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, over the term of the agreement, which is typically as the event airs. Any sponsorship fees collected in advance of the contract term (typically an event) are deferred until the event airs. The Company reports sponsorship revenue on a gross basis as the Company acts as the principal in the underlying transactions.

Ticket/Event Revenue

Ticket/Event revenue is primarily from the sale of tickets and promoter fees earned from venues or other co-promoters under one of several formulas, including a fixed guaranteed amount and/or a percentage of ticket sales or event profits.

Revenue from the promotion or production of an event is recognized at a point in time when the show occurs. Revenue collected in advance of the event is recorded as deferred revenue until the event occurs. Revenue collected from sponsorship agreements, which is not related to a single event, is classified as deferred revenue and recognized over the term of the agreement or operating season as the benefits are provided to the sponsor.

Revenue from the Company's ticketing operations primarily consists of service fees charged at the time a ticket for an event is sold in either the primary or secondary markets, including both online pay-per-view ("PPV") ticket sales as well as tickets physically purchased through a ticket sale vendor. For primary tickets sold to the Company's PPV and festival events the revenue for the associated ticket charges collected in advance of the event is recorded as deferred revenue until the event occurs.

Cost of Sales

Cost of Sales principally consist of royalties paid for the right to stream video, music and non-music content to the Company's customers and the cost of securing the rights to produce and stream live events from venues and promoters. Royalties are calculated using negotiated and regulatory rates documented in content license agreements and are based on usage measures or revenue earned. Music royalties to record labels, professional rights organizations and music publishers relate to the consumption of music listened to on Slacker's radio services. As of September 30, 2020 and March 31, 2020, the Company accrued $15.7 million and $13.1 million of royalties, respectively, due to artists from use of Slacker's radio services.

Sales and Marketing

Sales and Marketing include the direct and indirect costs related to the Company's product and event advertising and marketing.

Product Development

Product development costs primarily are expenses for research and development, product and content development activities, including internal software development and improvement costs which have not been capitalized by the Company.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period, on an accelerated basis. The Company accounts for awards with graded vesting as if each vesting tranche is valued as a separate award. The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model to determine the grant date fair value of stock options. This model requires the Company to estimate the expected volatility and the expected term of the stock options which are highly complex and subjective variables. The variables take into consideration, among other things, actual and projected employee stock option exercise behavior. The Company uses a predicted volatility of its stock price during the expected life of the options that is based on the historical performance of the Company's stock price as well as including an estimate using guideline companies. The expected term is computed using the simplified method as the Company's best estimate given its lack of actual exercise history. The Company has selected a risk-free rate based on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury securities with a maturity equivalent to the expected term of the stock. Stock-based awards are comprised principally of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), restricted stock awards ("RSAs") and warrant grants. Forfeitures are recognized as incurred.

Stock option awards issued to non-employees are accounted for at grant date fair value determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. Management believes that the fair value of the stock options is more reliably measured than the fair value of the services received. The Company records the fair value of these equity-based awards and expense at their cost ratably over related vesting periods.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it is more likely than not that the assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the Company's Statements of Operations in the period that includes the enactment date.

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares and the dilutive effect of contingent shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive contingent shares, which primarily consist of stock options issued to employees, directors and consultants, restricted stock units, warrants issued to third parties and accounted for as equity instruments and convertible notes would be excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation because their effect is anti-dilutive.

At September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company had 167,363 warrants outstanding, 4,423,334 and 4,809,168 stock options outstanding, respectively, 4,518,105 and 2,628,510 restricted stock units outstanding, respectively, 0 restricted stock awards outstanding and 5,575,280 and 2,839,546 shares of common stock issuable, respectively, underlying the Company's convertible notes and senior secured convertible notes.

Business Combinations

The Company accounts for its business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting where the purchase consideration is allocated to the underlying net tangible and intangible assets acquired, based on their respective fair values. The excess of the purchase consideration over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree are recognized and measured as of the acquisition date at fair value. Additionally, any contingent consideration is recorded at fair value on the acquisition date and classified as a liability. Goodwill is recognized to the extent by which the aggregate of the acquisition-date fair value of the consideration transferred and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree exceeds the recognized basis of the identifiable assets acquired, net of assumed liabilities. Determining the fair value of assets acquired, liabilities assumed and noncontrolling interests requires management's judgment and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including, but not limited to, the selection of appropriate valuation methodology, projected revenue, expenses and cash flows, weighted average cost of capital, discount rates, estimates of customer turnover rates and estimates of terminal values.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include all highly liquid investments with original maturities, when purchased, of three months or less.

The following table provides amounts included in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash presented in the Company's condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended September 30, (in thousands):

	2020		2019
Cash and cash equivalents	$	20,744	$	16,053
Restricted cash		235		235
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	20,979	$	16,288

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company maintains certain letters of credit agreements with its banking provider, which are secured by the Company's cash for periods of less than one year. As of September 30, 2020, and March 31, 2020, the Company had restricted cash of $0.2 million and $6.7 million, respectively. The decrease in restricted cash as of September 30, 2020 as compared to March 31, 2020, was a result of the repayment of the senior secured convertible debentures in August 2020 (see Note 10 – Unsecured Convertible Notes).

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. Generally, it records specific reserves to reduce the amounts recorded to what it believes will be collected when a customer's account ages beyond typical collection patterns, or the Company becomes aware of a customer's inability to meet its financial obligations. There were no impairment losses recorded on receivables for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

The Company believes that the credit risk with respect to trade receivables is limited due to the large and established nature of its largest customers and the nature of its subscription receivables. At September 30, 2020, the Company had one customer that made up approximately 20% of the total gross accounts receivable balance. At March 31, 2020, the Company had two customers that made up approximately 22% and 57% of the total gross accounts receivable balance, respectively.

The Company's accounts receivable at September 30, 2020 and March 31, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):

	September 30,			March 31,
	2020			2020
Accounts receivable, gross	$	8,639		$	4,109
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts		(78	)		(220	)
Accounts receivable, net	$	8,561		$	3,889

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Costs of improvements that extend the economic life or improve service potential are also capitalized. Capitalized costs are depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Costs for normal repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.

Depreciation is recorded using the straight-line method over the assets' estimated useful lives, which are generally as follows: buildings and improvements (5 years), furniture and equipment (3 to 5 years) and computer equipment and software (3 to 5 years). Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life, based on the estimates above, or the lease term.

The Company evaluates the carrying value of its property and equipment if there are indicators of potential impairment. If there are indicators of potential impairment, the Company performs an analysis to determine the recoverability of the asset group carrying value by comparing the expected undiscounted future cash flows to the net book value of the asset group. If it is determined that the expected undiscounted future cash flows are less than the net book value of the asset group, the excess of the net book value over the estimated fair value is recorded in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. Fair value is generally estimated using valuation techniques that consider the discounted cash flows of the asset group using discount and capitalization rates deemed reasonable for the type of assets, as well as prevailing market conditions, appraisals, recent similar transactions in the market and, if appropriate and available, current estimated net sales proceeds from pending offers.

Capitalized Internal-Use Software

The Company capitalizes certain costs incurred to develop software for internal use. Costs incurred in the preliminary stages of development are expensed as incurred.

Once software has reached the development stage, internal and external costs, if direct and incremental, are capitalized until the software is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. The Company also capitalizes costs related to specific upgrades and enhancements when it is probable the expenditures will result in additional functionality. Capitalized costs are recorded as part of property and equipment. Costs related to minor enhancements, maintenance and training are expensed as incurred.

Capitalized internal-use software costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over their three- to five-year estimated useful lives. The Company evaluates the useful lives of these assets and test for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets. During the six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company capitalized $1.6 million and $1.0 million of internal use software, respectively.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in a business combination. The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or whenever events and changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company conducts its annual impairment analysis in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. Impairment of goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level by comparing the reporting unit's carrying amount, including goodwill, to the fair value of the reporting unit. Estimations and assumptions regarding the number of reporting units, future performances, results of the Company's operations and comparability of its market capitalization and net book value will be used. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill is considered impaired and an impairment loss is measured by the resulting amount. Because the Company has one reporting unit, as part of the Company's qualitative assessment an entity-wide approach to assess goodwill for impairment is utilized. No impairment losses have been recorded in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Intangible Assets with Indefinite Useful Lives

The Company's indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of trademarks and trade names. The Company evaluates indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis or whenever events and changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company conducts its annual impairment analysis in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year.

Intangible Assets with Finite Useful Lives

The Company has certain finite-lived intangible assets that were initially recorded at their fair value at the time of acquisition. These intangible assets consist of Trademarks/Trade Names, Intellectual Property, Customer Relationships, Content Creator Relationships and Capitalized Software Development Costs resulting from business combinations. Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized using the straight-line method over their respective estimated useful lives, which are generally as follows: Intellectual Property (15 years), Customer and Content Creator Relationships (1.5-5 years), Domain Names (5 years), and Software (5 years).

The Company reviews all finite-lived intangible assets for impairment when circumstances indicate that their carrying values may not be recoverable. If the carrying value of an asset group is not recoverable, the Company recognizes an impairment loss for the excess carrying value over the fair value in its consolidated statements of operations. No impairment losses have been recorded in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Deferred Revenue and Costs

Deferred revenue consists substantially of amounts received from customers in advance of the Company's performance service period. Deferred revenue is recognized as revenue on a systematic basis that is proportionate to the period that the underlying services are rendered, which in certain arrangements is straight line over the remaining contractual term or estimated customer life of an agreement.

In the event the Company receives cash in advance of providing its music services and music streaming services, the Company will defer an amount of such future royalty and costs to 3rd party music labels, publishers and other providers on its balance sheets. Deferred costs are amortized to expense concurrent with the recognition of the related revenue and the expense is included in cost of sales.

Fair Value Measurements - Valuation Hierarchy

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date (i.e., an exit price). The Company uses the three-level valuation hierarchy for classification of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. Inputs refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. Inputs may be observable or unobservable. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from independent sources. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company's own assumptions about the data market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The three-tier hierarchy of inputs is summarized below:

Level 1	Valuation is based upon quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2	Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, or other inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the instrument.

Level 3	Valuation is based upon other unobservable inputs that are significant to the fair value measurement.

The classification of assets and liabilities within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Proper classification of fair value measurements within the valuation hierarchy is considered each reporting period. The use of different market assumptions or estimation methods may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company maintains cash balances at commercial banks. Cash balances commonly exceed the $250,000 amount insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts, and management believes that the Company is not exposed to any significant credit risk with respect to such cash and cash equivalents.

Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-01, Codification Improvements, which clarifies three specific issues within ASC 842, Leases. Issue 1: Determining the Fair Value of the Underlying Asset by Lessors That Are Not Manufacturers or Dealers provides an exception for lessors that are not manufacturers or dealers for determining fair value of an underlying asset. Specifically, those lessors will use their cost, reflecting any volume or trade discounts that may apply, as the fair value of the underlying asset. However, if significant time lapses between the acquisition of the underlying asset and lease commencement, those lessors will be required to apply the definition of fair value (exit price) in ASC 820. Issue 2: Presentation on the Statement of Cash Flows specifies that lessors that are depository and lending institutions within the scope of ASC 942 will present all "principal payments received under leases" within investing activities on the statement of cash flows. Other lessors will continue to apply the guidance in ASC 842 that requires presentation of all cash receipts from leases within operating activities. Issue 3: Transition Disclosures Related to Topic 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections provides an exception to the paragraph 250-10-50-3 interim disclosure requirements in the ASC 842 transition disclosure requirements. This ASU was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2021. The adoption of this standard did not have, and is not expected to have, a material impact to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The amendments in this ASU replace the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. This ASU is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. The amendments in this ASU align the implementation date for nonpublic entities' annual financial statements with the implementation date for their interim financial statements. In addition, the amendment clarifies that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of Subtopic 326-20; instead impairment of receivables arising from operating leases should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 842: Leases. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. In April 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825 Financial Instruments. The amendments in this ASU further clarify certain aspects of ASU No. 2016-13. For entities that have not yet adopted ASU No. 2016-13, this ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief. The amendments in this ASU provide transition relief for ASU No. 2016-13 by providing an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option for certain financial assets measured at an amortized cost basis. For entities that have not yet adopted ASU No. 2016-13, this ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years.

In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10 which amends the effective dates for the accounting standard, and ASU 2019-11 which clarifies narrow issues within the new credit losses standard. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its financial statements and related disclosures as well as the timing of adoption and the application method.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The amendments in this update affect entities within the scope of Topic 740, Income Taxes. The amendments in this update simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing the following exceptions: 1. Exception to the incremental approach for intraperiod tax allocation when there is a loss from continuing operations and income or a gain from other items (for example, discontinued operations or other comprehensive income) 2. Exception to the requirement to recognize a deferred tax liability for equity method investments when a foreign subsidiary becomes an equity method investment 3. Exception to the ability not to recognize a deferred tax liability for a foreign subsidiary when a foreign equity method investment becomes a subsidiary 4. Exception to the general methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period when a year-to-date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year. The amendments in this update also simplify the accounting for income taxes by doing the following: 1. Requiring that an entity recognize a franchise tax (or similar tax) that is partially based on income as an income-based tax and account for any incremental amount incurred as a non-income-based tax. 2.Requiring that an entity evaluate when a step up in the tax basis of goodwill should be considered part of the business combination in which the book goodwill was originally recognized and when it should be considered a separate transaction. 3. Specifying that an entity is not required to allocate the consolidated amount of current and deferred tax expense to a legal entity that is not subject to tax in its separate financial statements. However, an entity may elect to do so (on an entity-by-entity basis) for a legal entity that is both not subject to tax and disregarded by the taxing authority. 4. Requiring that an entity reflect the effect of an enacted change in tax laws or rates in the annual effective tax rate computation in the interim period that includes the enactment date. 5. Making minor Codification improvements for income taxes related to employee stock ownership plans and investments in qualified affordable housing projects accounted for using the equity method. The FASB decided that for public business entities, the amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its financial statements and related disclosures, as well as the timing of adoption and the application method.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging— Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40). The FASB issued this ASU to address issues identified as a result of the complexity associated with applying generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity. Complexity associated with the accounting is a significant contributing factor to numerous financial statement restatements and results in complexity for users attempting to understand the results of applying the current guidance. In addressing the complexity, the FASB focused on amending the guidance on convertible instruments and the guidance on the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity's own equity. For convertible instruments, the FASB decided to reduce the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock. Limiting the accounting models results in fewer embedded conversion features being separately recognized from the host contract as compared with current GAAP. Convertible instruments that continue to be subject to separation models are (1) those with embedded conversion features that are not clearly and closely related to the host contract, that meet the definition of a derivative, and that do not qualify for a scope exception from derivative accounting and (2) convertible debt instruments issued with substantial premiums for which the premiums are recorded as paid-in capital. The FASB concluded that eliminating certain accounting models simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments, reduces complexity for preparers and practitioners, and improves the decision usefulness and relevance of the information provided to financial statement users. In addition to eliminating certain accounting models, the FASB also decided to enhance information transparency by making targeted improvements to the disclosures for convertible instruments and earnings-per-share (EPS) guidance on the basis of feedback from financial statement users. The FASB decided to amend the guidance for the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity's own equity to reduce form-over-substance-based accounting conclusions. The FASB observed that the application of the derivatives scope exception guidance results in accounting for some contracts as derivatives while accounting for economically similar contracts as equity. The FASB also decided to improve and amend the related EPS guidance. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The FASB specified that an entity should adopt the guidance as of the beginning of its annual fiscal year. The FASB decided to allow entities to adopt the guidance through either a modified retrospective method of transition or a fully retrospective method of transition. . The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its financial statements and related disclosures, as well as the timing of adoption and the application method.

In October 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-10, Codification Improvements. The amendments in this ASU affect a wide variety of Topics in the Codification. This ASU contains amendments that improve the consistency of the Codification by including all disclosure guidance in the appropriate Disclosure Section (Section 50). Many of the amendments arose because the FASB provided an option to give certain information either on the face of the financial statements or in the notes to financial statements and that option only was included in the Other Presentation Matters Section (Section 45) of the Codification. The option to disclose information in the notes to financial statements should have been codified in the Disclosure Section as well as the Other Presentation Matters Section (or other Section of the Codification in which the option to disclose in the notes to financial statements appears). Those amendments are not expected to change current practice. The amendments in this ASU do not change GAAP and, therefore, are not expected to result in a significant change in practice. However, the FASB is aware that some entities may have applied the guidance being amended in an inconsistent manner. The inconsistent application of the guidance may result in some entities changing their current accounting practices and financial statement reporting. Therefore, the FASB is providing transition guidance for all the amendments in this ASU. The amendments in Sections B and C of this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, for public business entities. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022. Early application of the amendments in this ASU is permitted for public business entities for any annual or interim period for which financial statements have not been issued. For all other entities, early application of the amendments is permitted for any annual or interim period for which financial statements are available to be issued. The amendments in this ASU should be applied retrospectively. An entity should apply the amendments at the beginning of the period that includes the adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its financial statements and related disclosures, as well as the timing of adoption and the application method.

Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, including its Emerging Issues Task Force, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and the SEC did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company's present or future consolidated financial statement presentation or disclosures.