<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001206774-12-004477.txt : 20121106
<SEC-HEADER>0001206774-12-004477.hdr.sgml : 20121106
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20121106163107
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001206774-12-004477
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	10-Q
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		11
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20120930
FILED AS OF DATE:		20121106
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20121106

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			RESEARCH FRONTIERS INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000793524
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PATENT OWNERS & LESSORS [6794]
		IRS NUMBER:				112103466
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		10-Q
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-09399
		FILM NUMBER:		121183615

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		240 CROSSWAYS PARK DR
		CITY:			WOODBURY
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			11797-2033
		BUSINESS PHONE:		5163641902

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		240 CROSSWAYS PARK DR
		CITY:			WOODBURY
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			11797-2033
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>10-Q
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>rfi_10q.htm
<DESCRIPTION>QUARTERLY REPORT
<TEXT>

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<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION<BR>WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>FORM 10-Q </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13
OR 15 (d) OF<BR>THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>For Quarter Ended</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><U>
September 30, 2012</U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Commission File No. </FONT><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1-9399</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=center><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp; RESEARCH FRONTIERS
INCORPORATED&nbsp; &nbsp;<BR></FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Exact name of
registrant as specified in charter) </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="3%"><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Delaware</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="94%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="RIGHT" WIDTH="2%" STYLE="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>11-2103466</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="3%" STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(State of incorporation or organization)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="94%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="RIGHT" WIDTH="2%" STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(IRS Employer</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="94%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="RIGHT" WIDTH="2%" STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Identification No.)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="99%" colSpan=3>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="3%"><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>240 Crossways Park Drive, Woodbury,
N.Y.</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="94%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="RIGHT" WIDTH="2%" STYLE="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>11797</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Address of principal executive offices)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="94%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="RIGHT" WIDTH="2%" STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Zip Code)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=center><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(516) 364-1902<BR></FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and
(2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. &nbsp;Yes &nbsp;[ X ]
&nbsp;No&nbsp; [&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;]</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if
any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to
Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (&#167;232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12
months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit
and post such files). &nbsp;Yes&nbsp; [ X ] &nbsp;No &nbsp;[&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;]</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated
filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of &#147;large accelerated
filer,&#148; &#147;accelerated filer&#148; and &#147;smaller reporting company&#148; in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one): </FONT></P>
<DIV align=center>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="80%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="25%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Large accelerated filer</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="12%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>[&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;]</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="25%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="25%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Accelerated filer</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="12%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>[ X ]</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="25%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Non-accelerated filer</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="12%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>[&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;]</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="25%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="25%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Smaller reporting company&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="12%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>[&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;]</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV><BR>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). &nbsp;Yes&nbsp; [&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;] &nbsp;No
&nbsp;[ X ] </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer&#146;s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: As of November 6, 2012, there were 22,646,782 shares of Common Stock outstanding with a par value $0.0001 per share.</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>
</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2></FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">


<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>




<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS INCORPORATED
</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Consolidated Balance Sheets </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="3%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Sept.
      30, 2012</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="3%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Dec.
      31, 2011</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="93%"><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Assets</FONT></U></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="3%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Unaudited)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Current assets:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Cash and cash
      equivalents</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>7,965,754</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,403,364</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Short term
    investments</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,051,417</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,255,056</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Royalty receivables, net of
      reserve of $92,723 in both periods</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>573,781</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>334,050</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Prepaid expenses and other
      current assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>73,615</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>169,634</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Note receivable SPD Control
      Systems</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>150,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Total current assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>9,664,567</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4,312,104</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD align=left width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fixed assets, net</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>66,929</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>82,428</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Deposits and
      other assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>22,605</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>22,605</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD align=left width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Total assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>9,754,101</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4,417,137</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD align=left width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</FONT></U></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD align=left width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Current liabilities:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Accounts payable</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>143,420</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>96,146</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Deferred revenue</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>78,124</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>25,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Accrued expenses and
      other</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>122,406</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>188,793</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Total liabilities</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>343,950</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>309,939</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD align=left width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Commitments and Contingencies</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD align=left width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Shareholders' equity:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Capital stock, par value
      $0.0001 per share;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; authorized 100,000,000 shares,
      issued and outstanding</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 21,396,782 and 18,544,355
      shares, respectively</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,140</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,854</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Additional paid-in
      capital</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>96,275,632</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>88,513,630</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Accumulated deficit</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(86,867,621</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(84,408,286</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD align=left width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Total shareholders' equity</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>9,410,151</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4,107,198</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD align=left width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Total liabilities and shareholders' equity</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>9,754,101</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4,417,137</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>See accompanying notes to consolidated
financial statements. </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS INCORPORATED
</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Consolidated Statements of Operations
</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Unaudited) </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="7%" colSpan=7><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Nine months
      ended</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="7%" colSpan=7><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Three months
      ended</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="3%" colSpan=3><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Sept. 30,
      2012</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="3%" colSpan=3><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Sept. 30,
      2011</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="3%" colSpan=3><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Sept. 30,
      2012</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="3%" colSpan=3><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Sept. 30,
      2011</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fee income</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,405,292</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>492,048</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>471,886</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>207,200</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%">&nbsp;&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Operating expenses</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3,263,891</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,741,042</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>972,300</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>678,640</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Research and development</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,238,764</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,080,020</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>369,374</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>340,960</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Total Expenses</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4,502,655</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3,821,062</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,341,674</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,019,600</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%">&nbsp;&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Operating loss</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(3,097,363</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(3,329,014</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(869,788</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(812,400</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%">&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Net investment income</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>24,631</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>18,771</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3,324</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>10,560</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%">&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Loss before income tax benefit</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(3,072,732</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(3,310,243</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(866,464</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(801,840</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%">&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Income tax benefit</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>613,397</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%">&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Net loss</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(2,459,335</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(3,310,243</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>866,464</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(801,840</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%">&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Basic and diluted</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; loss per common
      share</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(.13</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(.18</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(.04</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(.04</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%">&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Basic and diluted</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>weighted average number of</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="86%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>common shares outstanding</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>19,278,801</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>18,535,913</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>20,013,221</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>18,544,355</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>See accompanying notes to consolidated
financial statements. </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS INCORPORATED
</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Unaudited) </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="7%" colSpan=7><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Nine months
      ended</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="3%" colSpan=3><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Sept. 30,
      2012</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="3%" colSpan=3><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Sept. 30,
      2011</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash flows from operating activities:</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Net loss</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(2,459,335</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(3,310,243</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Adjustments to
      reconcile net loss to net cash</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; used in operating
      activities:</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Depreciation and amortization</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>26,108</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>29,597</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Stock-based compensation</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>787,538</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>695,827</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Recovery of uncollectible royalty receivable</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(30,000</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Changes in assets and liabilities:</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Royalty receivables</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(239,731</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>255,222</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Prepaid expenses and other assets</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>21,116</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>40,141</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Deferred revenue</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>53,124</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>64,841</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Accounts payable and accrued expenses</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(19,113</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(44,632</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Net cash used in operating activities</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(1,830,293</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(2,299,247</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash flows from investing activities:</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Purchase of fixed
      assets</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(10,609</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(8,726</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Change in short
      term investments</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>203,639</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(2,000,000</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Note and interest receivable
      on SPD Control Systems</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>224,903</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Net cash provided by (used in)</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      investing activities</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>417,933</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(2,008,726</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash flows from financing activities:</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Net proceeds from the sale of
      stock</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6,974,750</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Net proceeds from
      the exercise of options or warrants</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>65,977</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      Net cash provided by financing activities</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6,974,750</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>65,977</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash
      equivalents</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,562,390</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(4,241,996</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
      year</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,403,364</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6,957,544</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash and cash equivalents at end of
    period</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>7,965,754</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,715,548</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>See accompanying notes to consolidated
financial statements.</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS INCORPORATED
<BR>Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements <BR>September 30, 2012 <BR>(Unaudited)
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Basis of
Presentation</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The accompanying unaudited consolidated
condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles (&#147;GAAP&#148;) for interim financial
information and with the instructions to Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X.
Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required
by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all
adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. All
such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Operating results for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of
the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2012.
For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and
footnotes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K relating to
Research Frontiers Incorporated (the &#147;Company&#148;) for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2011. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Business</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Research Frontiers Incorporated
(&#147;Research Frontiers&#148; or the &#147;Company&#148;) operates in a single business segment
which is engaged in the development and marketing of technology and devices to
control the flow of light. Such devices, often referred to as &#147;light valves&#148; or
suspended particle devices (SPDs), use colloidal particles that are either
incorporated within a liquid suspension or a film, which is usually enclosed
between two sheets of glass or plastic having transparent, electrically
conductive coatings on the facing surfaces thereof. At least one of the two
sheets is transparent. SPD technology, made possible by a flexible light-control
film invented by Research Frontiers, allows the user to instantly and precisely
control the shading of glass/plastic manually or automatically. SPD technology
has numerous product applications, including: SPD-Smart&#153; windows, sunshades,
skylights and interior partitions for homes and buildings; automotive windows;
sunroofs, sun-visors, sunshades, rear-view mirrors, instrument panels and
navigation systems; aircraft windows; eyewear products; and flat panel displays
for electronic products. SPD-Smart light control film is now being developed
for, or used in, architectural, automotive, marine, aerospace and appliance
applications. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has historically utilized
its cash and the proceeds from the sale of its investments to fund its research
and development of SPD light valves, for marketing initiatives, and for other
working capital purposes. The Company&#146;s working capital and capital requirements
depend upon numerous factors, including the results of research and development
activities, competitive and technological developments, the timing and cost of
patent filings, and the development of new licensees and changes in the
Company&#146;s relationships with its existing licensees. The degree of dependence of
the Company&#146;s working capital requirements on each of the forgoing factors
cannot be quantified; increased research and development activities and related
costs would increase such requirements; the addition of new licensees may
provide additional working capital or working capital requirements, and changes
in relationships with existing licensees would have a favorable or negative
impact depending up the nature of such changes. There can be no assurance that
expenditures will not exceed the anticipated amounts or that additional
financing, if required, will be available when needed or, if available, that its
terms will be favorable or acceptable to the Company. Eventual success of the
Company and generation of positive cash flow will be dependent upon the
commercialization of products using the Company&#146;s technology by the Company&#146;s
licensees and payments of continuing royalties on account thereof. To date, the
Company has not generated sufficient revenue from its licensees to fund its
operations.</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Patent Costs</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company expenses costs relating to
the development or acquisition of patents due to the uncertainty of the
recoverability of these items. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Revenue Recognition</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has entered into a number
of license agreements covering its light-control technology. The Company
receives minimum annual royalties under certain license agreements and records
fee income on a ratable basis each quarter. In instances when sales of licensed
products by its licensees exceed minimum annual royalties, the Company
recognizes fee income as the amounts have been earned. Certain of the fees are
accrued by, or paid to, the Company in advance of the period in which they are
earned resulting in deferred revenue. Such excess amounts are recorded as
deferred revenue and recognized into income in future periods as earned.
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fee Income</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fee income represents amounts earned by
the Company under various license and other agreements relating to technology
developed by the Company. During the first nine months of 2012, five licensees
of the Company accounted for approximately 68%, 5%, 5%, 4% and 3%, respectively,
of fee income recognized during such period. During the first nine months of
2011, five licensees of the Company accounted for approximately 26%, 15%, 14%,
10% and 8%, respectively, of fee income recognized during such period.
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Stock-Based
Compensation</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>GAAP requires that all stock-based
compensation be recognized as an expense in the financial statements and that
such costs be measured at the fair value of the award.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>No options were granted during the
first nine months of 2011. On March 1, 2012, the Company granted options
covering 30,000 shares to a consultant. These options vest ratably over the next
24 months and are marked to market quarterly using the Black Scholes method.
During the nine and three months ended September 30, 2012, $9,888 and $997 were
respectively charged to operations reflecting the fair value of the options.</FONT></P>

<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>During the first nine months ended
September 30, 2012, the Company granted 363,200 shares of common stock to its
directors and employees. All of the 96,500 shares granted to the directors, as
well as 5,100 shares granted to employees, vested immediately upon grant. The
remaining 261,600 shares issued to employees vest ratably over the 36 months
following grant. The market value per share on the date of grant was $3.38. In
connection with these grants, as well as prior grants that are not yet fully
vested, the Company charged $741,279 and $631,535 to operations during the nine
months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011and $132,645 and $94,940 during the
three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company also granted 175,000
warrants at an exercise price of $6.00 to consultants during 2009. These
warrants vest ratably over 59 months. These warrants are valued at fair value at
the time that the related services are provided using the Black-Scholes method
and marked to market quarterly using the Black Scholes method. The Company
incurred a charge of $36,371 and $64,292 during the nine months ended
September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively and a charge of $72,176 and $9,560 during the
three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>


<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The fair value of options and warrants using the Black Scholes method were calculated using the following assumptions.</FONT></P>


<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="20%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="81%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Risk free interest
      rate&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      </FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="18%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>0.3%</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="81%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Option
      life</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: right" width="18%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1-5
    years</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="81%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Volatility</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="18%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>51% - 53%</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>As of September 30, 2012, remaining
unamortized compensation costs in connection with these grants and warrants was
$1,045,759 which will be recognized over the next 27 month period.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Income Taxes</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Since inception, the Company has
incurred losses from operations and as a result has not recorded income tax
expense. Benefits related to net operating loss carryforwards and deferred items
have been fully reserved since it was not more likely than not that the Company
would achieve profitable operations.</FONT></P>



<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company applied for state research
and development refundable credits for the years ended December 31, 2006 through
2009. In April 2012, the Company received $613,397 relating to these credits for
the years 2006 through 2009, which is reflected as income tax benefit in the
accompanying statement of operations. The Company currently does not expect to
collect additional credits for years subsequent to 2009. In addition, $61,340 is
included in operating expenses on the accompanying statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 relating to professional fees paid in connection with securing
these refundable credits. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Equity</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>

<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>During 2012 the Company sold, pursuant
to an effective registration statement filed with the SEC, equity in
the Company as follows: </FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="72%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp; Date</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="7%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Shares issued</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap width="8%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Warrants issued</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="4%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Unit price</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="6%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Proceeds</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="72%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>July 30, 2012</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="4%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>589,227</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>117,846</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="4%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$2.97</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="4%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,745,549</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>*</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="72%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>August 28, 2012</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="4%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,900,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap width="3%"></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>380,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="4%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$2.97</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="4%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,229,201</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>**</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" bgColor=#c0c0c0 colSpan=14>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=14>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="72%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Total</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 5%; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2pt double; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #c0c0c0; TEXT-ALIGN: right" noWrap width="4%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,489,227</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 6%; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2pt double; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #c0c0c0; TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>497,846</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="4%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 1%; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2pt double; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #c0c0c0; TEXT-ALIGN: right" noWrap width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 4%; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2pt double; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #c0c0c0; TEXT-ALIGN: right" noWrap width="4%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6,974,750</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>*Net of fees of $4,455 </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>** Net of fees of $413,719 </FONT></P>


<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>During the first nine months of 2011
the Company received proceeds of $65,977 in connection with the exercises of
outstanding options and warrants. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Treasury Stock</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company did not repurchase any of
its stock during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 or September 30, 2011.
</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>7 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Investments</FONT></U></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company classifies investments in
marketable securities as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity at the
time of purchase and periodically re-evaluates such classifications. Trading
securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses
included in earnings. Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at cost and are
adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts over the
life of the related security. Unrealized holding gains and losses on
available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a
separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until
realized. In determining realized gains and losses, the cost of securities sold
is based on the specific identification method. Interest and dividends on the
investments are accrued at the balance sheet date. At September 30, 2012, all
investments were classified as held to maturity and consisted of the following:
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Certificate of Deposit: </FONT></P>
<DIV align=center>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="70%" border=0>

  <TR>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="2%" colSpan=2><FONT size=+0><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">Investments</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="45%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">Maturity</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="48%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="4%" colSpan=4><FONT size=+0><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">Value of Held to Maturity</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="2%" colSpan=2><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Amount</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="45%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Date</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="48%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="4%" colSpan=4><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Investments
      (based on cost)</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
      </FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>251,417</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="45%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="RIGHT" WIDTH="1%" BGCOLOR="#c0c0c0" STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6-29-13</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="48%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>251,417</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>300,000</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="45%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="RIGHT" WIDTH="1%" STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;10-6-12</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="48%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>300,000</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>500,000</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="45%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="RIGHT" WIDTH="1%" BGCOLOR="#c0c0c0" STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>12-29-12</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="48%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>500,000</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="45%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="48%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,051,417</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Note Receivable from SPD Control
Systems</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>On May 9, 2007, the Company began
participating in the funding of the ongoing development of automotive
controllers by SPD Control Systems Corp., a licensee of the Company. This
development work is to produce the electronic controllers to operate SPD-Smart
automotive windows and glass roof systems for one or more of the top five
automotive makers in the world. The Company&#146;s funding of this project is
reflected in the form of a senior secured convertible promissory note (the
&#147;Note&#148;) of SPD Control Systems Corp. held by Research Frontiers&#146; wholly-owned
subsidiary, SPD Enterprises Inc. The Note bore interest at 10% per annum, was
secured by all of the assets (including intellectual property) of SPD Control
Systems. The Note provided for funding of up to $150,000 by SPD Enterprises
based upon the achievement of certain development milestones by SPD Control
Systems. As part of a broader agreement between SPD Control Systems and the
Company, effective as of May 9, 2010, the maturity date of this Note was
extended to May 9, 2012 and the applicable conversion price for the Note was
specified as $0.25 per share of SPD Control Systems stock through May 9, 2012
and $0.10 per share thereafter. On March 30, 2012, SPD Control Systems paid
Research Frontiers $224,903 in full payment of the principal and accrued
interest on the note. </FONT></P>

<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><u>Subsequent Event</u></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>On October 3, 2012 the Company announced that it has entered into an agreement to sell 1,250,000 shares of its common stock, and warrants to purchase 250,000 shares of its common stock, to an institutional investor. Each share and corresponding warrant was sold at an aggregate price of $4.49, resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $5,612,500. The warrants are exercisable for a period of five years beginning on the six-month anniversary of the closing date at an exercise price of $6.73 per share (approximately 150% of the aggregate offering price).</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The securities issued in this private placement have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any state securities laws, and were issued and sold in a private placement pursuant to Regulation D of the Securities Act. The Company has agreed to file a registration statement that covers the resale of the shares by the purchaser and the shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants.</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>


<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fair Value
Measurements</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>We value financial instruments using a
three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring
fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as
quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2,
defined as inputs other than quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in
active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3,
defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists,
therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Financial assets accounted for at fair
value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2012 include cash, cash equivalents
and short term investments of approximately $9.0 million. The carrying value of
these assets approximates fair value due to the short term maturity of these
instruments. </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>8 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=center><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Management&#146;s Discussion and Analysis
of <BR>Financial Condition and Results of Operations </FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify><B><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Critical Accounting
Policies</FONT></U></B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The following accounting policies are
important to understanding our financial condition and results of operations and
should be read as an integral part of the discussion and analysis of the results
of our operations and financial position. For additional accounting policies,
see note 2 to our consolidated financial statements, "Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies,&#148; filed with our Form 10-K for December 31, 2011.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has entered into a number
of license agreements covering potential products using the Company&#146;s SPD
technology. The Company receives minimum annual royalties under certain license
agreements and records fee income on a ratable basis each quarter. In instances
when sales of licensed products by its licensees exceed minimum annual
royalties, the Company recognizes fee income as the amounts have been earned.
Certain of the fees are accrued by, or paid to, the Company in advance of the
period in which they are earned resulting in deferred revenue. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company expenses costs relating to
the development or acquisition of patents due to the uncertainty of the
recoverability of these items. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>All of our research and development
costs are charged to operations as incurred. Our research and development
expenses consist of costs incurred for internal and external research and
development. These costs include direct and indirect overhead expenses.
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has historically used the
Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the estimated fair value of each
option grant. The Black-Scholes model includes assumptions regarding dividend
yields, expected volatility, expected lives, and risk-free interest rates. These
assumptions reflect our best estimates, but these items involve uncertainties
based on market conditions generally outside of our control. As a result, if
other assumptions had been used in the current period, stock-based compensation
expense could have been materially impacted. Furthermore, if management uses
different assumptions in future periods, stock-based compensation expense could
be materially impacted in future years. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>On occasion, the Company may issue to
consultants either options or warrants to purchase shares of common stock of the
Company at specified share prices. These options or warrants may vest based upon
specific services being performed or performance criteria being met. In
accounting for equity instruments that are issued to other than employees for
acquiring, or in conjunction with selling, goods or services, the Company would
be required to record consulting expenses based upon the fair value of such
options or warrants (determined using a Black-Scholes option pricing model) on
the earlier of the service period or the period that such options or warrants
vest. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The preparation of financial statements
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
of America requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the
reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent
assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and reported
amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results
could differ from these estimates. An example of a critical estimate is the full
valuation allowance for deferred taxes that was recorded based on the
uncertainty that such tax benefits will be realized in future periods.
</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>9 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><B><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Results of
Operations</FONT></U></B><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify><B><I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Nine month periods ended
September 30, 2012 and 2011</FONT></I></B><I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>
</FONT></I></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company&#146;s fee income from licensing
activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was $1,405,292, as
compared to $492,048 for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. Most of the
increase in fee income during this period was a result of higher product sales
in the automotive market from one of our licensees. This licensee&#146;s sales levels
exceeded its minimum annual royalty levels under its license agreement thereby
resulting in the amount of royalty fee income of $962,610 being recognized as
additional fee income for the nine months ended September 30, 2012.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Certain license fees, which are paid to
the Company in advance of the accounting period in which they are earned
resulting in the recognition of deferred revenue for the current accounting
period, will be recognized as fee income in future periods. Also, licensees may
offset some or all of their royalty payments on sales of licensed products for a
given period by applying these advance payments towards such earned royalty
payments. Because the Company&#146;s license agreements typically provide for the
payment of royalties by a licensee on product sales within 45 days after the end
of the quarter in which a sale of a licensed product occurs (with some of the
Company&#146;s more recent license agreements providing for payments on a monthly
basis), and because of the time period which typically will elapse between a
customer order and the sale of the licensed product and installation in a home,
office building, automobile, aircraft, boat, or any other product, there could
be a delay between when economic activity between a licensee and its customer
occurs and when the Company is paid its royalty resulting from such activity.
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Operating expenses increased by
$522,849 for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 to $3,263,891 from
$2,741,042 for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. This increase was the
result of higher payroll and related costs ($482,000) plus higher professional
fees ($69,000) and patent costs ($14,000) partially offset by lower marketing
costs ($26,000). Included in operating expenses are $679,000 and $613,000 of
non-cash compensation charges for the first nine months 2012 and 2011,
respectively relating to common stock and options granted to directors,
employees and consultants.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Research and development expenditures
increased by $158,744 to $1,238,764 for the nine months ended September 30, 2012
from $1,080,020 for the nine months September 30, 2011. This increase was
principally the result of higher payroll and related costs ($115,000) as well as
higher materials and project costs ($43,000). Included in research and
development expenses are $109,000 and $83,000 of non-cash compensation charges
for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company&#146;s net investment income for
the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was $24,631 as compared to $18,771 for
the nine months ended September 30, 2011. This difference was primarily due to
interest earned on invested balances, and the interest on the Note from SPD
Control Systems.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company recorded an income tax  benefit of $613,397 for the nine
months ended September 30, 2012. This benefit  results from state research and development refundable credits that the
Company  applied for related to the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009.  The Company does not currently
expect to collect additional credits. No income tax benefit or expense was recorded for the nine months ended  September 30,
2011.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>As a consequence of the factors
discussed above, the Company&#146;s net loss was $2,459,335 ($0.13 per common share)
for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to $3,310,243 ($0.18
per common share) for the nine months ended September 30, 2011.</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>10 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><B><I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Three month periods ended
September 30, 2012 and 2011</FONT></I></B><I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>
</FONT></I></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company&#146;s fee income from licensing
activities for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was $471,886, as
compared to $207,200 for the three months ended September 30, 2011. Most of the
increase in fee income during this period was a result of higher product sales
in the automotive market from one of our licensees. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Certain license fees, which are paid to
the Company in advance of the accounting period in which they are earned
resulting in the recognition of deferred revenue for the current accounting
period, will be recognized as fee income in future periods. Also, licensees may
offset some or all of their royalty payments on sales of licensed products for a
given period by applying these advance payments towards such earned royalty
payments. Because the Company&#146;s license agreements typically provide for the
payment of royalties by a licensee on product sales within 45 days after the end
of the quarter in which a sale of a licensed product occurs (with some of the
Company&#146;s more recent license agreements providing for payments on a monthly
basis), and because of the time period which typically will elapse between a
customer order and the sale of the licensed product and installation in a home,
office building, automobile, aircraft, boat, or any other product, there could
be a delay between when economic activity between a licensee and its customer
occurs and when the Company is paid its royalty resulting from such
activity.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Operating expenses increased by
$293,660 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 to $972,300 from $678,640
for the three months ended September 30, 2011. This increase was the result of
higher payroll ($253,000) and marketing costs of ($78,000) partially offset by
lower patent ($27,000) and insurance ($10,000) costs. Included in operating
expenses are $172,000 and $79,000 of non-cash compensation charges for the three
months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, relating to common stock and
options granted to directors, employees and consultants. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Research and development expenditures
increased by $28,414 to $369,374 three months ended September 30, 2012 from
$340,960 for the three months ended September 30, 2011. This increase was
principally the result of higher material costs (21,000) as well as higher
payroll and non-cash compensation changes of ($17,000) as well as higher
occupancy costs partially offset by lower allocated insurance costs ($22,000).
Included in research and development expenses are $34,000 and $26,000 of
non-cash compensation charges for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011,
respectively, relating to common stock and options granted to employees.
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company&#146;s net investment income for
the three months ended September 30, 2012 was $3,324, as compared to net
investment income of $10,560 for the three months ended September 30, 2011. This
difference was primarily due to lower cash balance available for investments.
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>As a consequence of the factors
discussed above, the Company's net loss was $866,464 ($0.04 per common share)
for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to $801,840 ($0.04 per
common share) for the three months ended September 30, 2011.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><B><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Financial Condition, Liquidity
and Capital Resources</FONT></U></B><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has primarily utilized its
cash and the proceeds from its investments to fund its research and development,
for marketing initiatives, and for other working capital purposes. The Company&#146;s
working capital and capital requirements depend upon numerous factors,
including, but not limited to, the results of research and development
activities, competitive and technological developments, the timing and costs of
patent filings, and the development of new licensees and changes in the
Company&#146;s relationship with existing licensees. The degree of dependence of the
Company&#146;s working capital requirements on each of the foregoing factors cannot
be quantified; increased research and development activities and related costs
would increase such requirements; the addition of new licensees may provide
additional working capital or working capital requirements, and changes in
relationships with existing licensees would have a favorable or negative impact
depending upon the nature of such changes.</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>11 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>During the first nine months of 2012,
the Company's cash and cash equivalents balance increased by $5,562,390
principally as a result of $6,974,750 of net proceeds from the sale of common
stock units which was partially offset by cash used for operations of $1,830,293. At
September 30, 2012, the Company had working capital of $9,320,617 and total
shareholders&#146; equity of $9,410,151. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>During 2012 the Company sold, pursuant
to the Company&#146;s effective registration statement filed with the SEC, equity in
the Company as follows: </FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="72%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp; Date</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="7%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Shares issued</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap width="8%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Warrants issued</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="4%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Unit price</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="6%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Proceeds</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="72%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>July 30, 2012</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="4%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>589,227</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>117,846</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="4%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$2.97</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="4%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,745,549</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>*</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="72%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>August 28, 2012</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="4%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,900,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap width="3%"></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>380,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2></FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="4%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$2.97</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="4%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,229,201</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>**</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" bgColor=#c0c0c0 colSpan=14>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=14>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="72%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Total</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 5%; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2pt double; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #c0c0c0; TEXT-ALIGN: right" noWrap width="4%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,489,227</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 6%; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2pt double; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #c0c0c0; TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>497,846</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="4%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 1%; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2pt double; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #c0c0c0; TEXT-ALIGN: right" noWrap width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 4%; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2pt double; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #c0c0c0; TEXT-ALIGN: right" noWrap width="4%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6,974,750</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>*Net of fees of $4,455 </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>** Net of fees of $413,719 </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>In addition, on October 2, 2012 the
Company received net proceeds of approximately $5.3 million in connection with
the sale of units aggregating 1,250,000 shares of the Company&#146;s common stock and
warrants to purchase 250,000 shares of common stock. The per unit price was
$4.49.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company expects to use its cash to
fund its research and development, its expanded marketing initiatives, and for
other working capital purposes. The Company&#146;s working capital and capital
requirements depend upon numerous factors, including the results of research and
development activities, competitive and technological developments, the timing
and cost of patent filings, the development of new licensees and changes in the
Company&#146;s relationships with its existing licensees. The degree of dependence of
the Company&#146;s working capital requirements on each of the foregoing factors
cannot be quantified; increased research and development activities and related
costs would increase such requirements; the addition of new licensees may
provide additional working capital or working capital requirements, and changes
in relationships with existing licensees would have a favorable or negative
impact depending upon the nature of such changes. Based upon existing levels of
cash expenditures, existing cash reserves and budgeted revenues as well as the
funding described above, the Company believes that it would not require
additional funding for the foreseeable future. There can be no assurance that
expenditures will not exceed the anticipated amounts or that additional
financing, if required, will be available when needed or, if available, that its
terms will be favorable or acceptable to the Company. Eventual success of the
Company and generation of positive cash flow will be dependent upon the extent
of commercialization of products using the Company&#146;s technology by the Company&#146;s
licensees and payments of continuing royalties on account thereof. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative
Disclosures About Market Risk</FONT></U></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The information required by Item 3 has
been disclosed in Item 7A of the Company&#146;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 2011. There has been no material change in the
disclosure regarding market risk.</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>12 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Item 4. Controls and
Procedures</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Evaluation of Disclosure Controls
and Procedures </FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Our disclosure controls and procedures,
as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act, are designed to
ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or
submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported
within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. We designed
our disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be
disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is
accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal
executive and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding
required disclosure. Our chief executive officer and chief financial officer,
with assistance from other members of our management, have reviewed the
effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30,
2012, and, based on their evaluation, have concluded that our disclosure
controls and procedures were effective. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Changes in Internal Control Over
Financial Reporting </FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>There were no changes in our internal
control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of
the Exchange Act) during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 that have
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal
control over financial reporting. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><B><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Forward-Looking
Statements</FONT></U></B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The information set forth in this
Report and in all publicly disseminated information about the Company, including
the narrative contained in &#147;Management&#146;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations&#148; above, includes &#147;forward-looking
statements&#148; within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, and is subject to the safe harbor created by that section.
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking
statements as they speak only as of the date hereof and are not guaranteed.
</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>13 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>PART II.</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>OTHER INFORMATION</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Item 6. Exhibits</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>

  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>31.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
      Certification of Joseph M. Harary - Filed herewith.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>31.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
      Certification of Seth L. Van Voorhees - Filed herewith.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>32.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Section 1350 Certification of
      Joseph M. Harary - Filed herewith.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>32.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Section 1350 Certification of
      Seth L. Van Voorhees - Filed herewith.</FONT></TD></TR><TR>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.INS</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Instance Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.SCH&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.CAL</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.DEF</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.LAB</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.PRE</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P align=center><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>SIGNATURES </FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Pursuant to
the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunder duly
authorized. </FONT></P>
<DIV align=right>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="50%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH
      FRONTIERS INCORPORATED</FONT></U></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Registrant)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="99%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="99%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Joseph M.
      Harary</FONT></U></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Joseph M.
      Harary, President, CEO and Treasurer</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Principal
      Executive)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="99%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="99%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Seth L.
      Van Voorhees</FONT></U></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Seth L. Van
      Voorhees, Vice President, CFO and Treasurer</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Principal
      Financial and Accounting Officer)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Date: November 6, 2012 </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>14 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">


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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>exhibit31-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>RULE 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) CERTIFICATION OF JOSEPH M. HARARY
<TEXT>

<HTML>
<HEAD>
   <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>

<BODY bgcolor=#ffffff>
<BR>
<P align=justify><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>EXHIBIT 31.1</FONT></B></P>
<P align=center><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>CERTIFICATION</FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I, </FONT><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Joseph M. Harary,</FONT></B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>certify that:</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1. I have reviewed this quarterly report
on Form 10-Q of Research Frontiers Incorporated (the &#147;registrant&#148;); </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2. Based on my knowledge, this report does
not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under
which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period
covered by this report; </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3. Based on my knowledge, the consolidated
financial statements, and other financial information included in this report,
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of
operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report; </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4. The registrant's other certifying
officer&#146;s and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and
15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>a) Designed such disclosure controls and
procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the
registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by
others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this
report is being prepared; </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>b) Designed such internal control over
financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to
be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles; </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the
registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures,
as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>d) Disclosed in this report any change in
the registrant&#146;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during
the registrant&#146;s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant&#146;s fourth fiscal
quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is
reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&#146;s internal control over
financial reporting; and </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5. The registrant's other certifying
officer&#146;s and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal
control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit
committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent functions): </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>a) All significant deficiencies and
material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the
registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>b) Any fraud, whether or not material,
that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant's internal control over financial reporting. </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="49%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Dated: November 6, 2012</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="50%"><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Joseph M.
    Harary</FONT></U></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="49%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="50%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Joseph M. Harary</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="49%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="50%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>President, Chief Executive
Officer</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>15</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>exhibit31-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>RULE 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) CERTIFICATION OF SETH L. VAN VOORHEES
<TEXT>

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   <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>

<BODY bgcolor=#ffffff>
<BR>
<P align=justify><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>EXHIBIT 31.2</FONT></B></P>
<P align=center><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>CERTIFICATION</FONT></B><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I, </FONT><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Seth
L. Van Voorhees,</FONT></B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> certify that:</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1. I have reviewed this quarterly report
on Form 10-Q of Research Frontiers Incorporated (the &#147;registrant&#148;); </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2. Based on my knowledge, this report does
not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under
which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period
covered by this report; </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3. Based on my knowledge, the consolidated
financial statements, and other financial information included in this report,
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of
operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report; </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4. The registrant's other certifying
officer&#146;s and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and
15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>a) Designed such disclosure controls and
procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the
registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by
others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this
report is being prepared; </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>b) Designed such internal control over
financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to
be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles; </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the
registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures,
as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>d) Disclosed in this report any change in
the registrant&#146;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during
the registrant&#146;s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant&#146;s fourth fiscal
quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is
reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&#146;s internal control over
financial reporting; and </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5. The registrant's other certifying
officer&#146;s and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal
control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit
committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent functions): </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>a) All significant deficiencies and
material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the
registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>b) Any fraud, whether or not material,
that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant's internal control over financial reporting. </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="49%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Dated: November 6, 2012</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="50%"><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Seth L. Van
      Voorhees</FONT></U></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="49%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="50%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Seth L. Van Voorhees</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="49%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="50%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Vice President, Chief Financial Officer,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="49%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="50%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Treasurer and Principal Accounting
  Officer</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>16</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.1
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>exhibit32-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATION OF JOSEPH M. HARARY
<TEXT>

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<BODY bgcolor=#ffffff>
<BR>
<P align=justify><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>EXHIBIT 32.1</FONT></B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO<BR>18 U.S.C.
SECTION 1350,<BR>AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO<BR></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 </FONT></P>
<P align=justify>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>In connection
with the Quarterly Report of Research Frontiers Incorporated (the &#147;Company&#148;) on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2012 as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Joseph M. Harary,
President and Chief Executive Officer and Principal Executive Officer of the
Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:</FONT></P>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>

  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD WIDTH="100%" STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Report fully complies with the requirements of
      Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of
      1934; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=3>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap></TD>
    <TD WIDTH="100%" STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The information contained in the Report fairly presents,
      in all material respects, the financial condition and results of
      operations of the Company.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="99%"><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Joseph M.
    Harary</FONT></U></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Joseph M. Harary</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>President, Chief Executive Officer and Principal
      Executive Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>November 6, 2012</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>17</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.2
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>exhibit32-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATION OF SETH L. VAN VOORHEES
<TEXT>

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<BODY bgcolor=#ffffff>
<BR>
<P align=justify><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>EXHIBIT 32.2</FONT></B></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO<BR>18 U.S.C.
SECTION 1350,<BR>AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO<BR></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 </FONT></P>
<P align=justify>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>In connection
with the Quarterly Report of Research Frontiers Incorporated (the &#147;Company&#148;) on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2012 as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Seth L. Van Voorhees,
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Principal Accounting
Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that: </FONT></P>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>

  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></TD>
    <TD WIDTH="100%" STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Report fully complies with
      the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the
      Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=3>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap></TD>
    <TD WIDTH="100%" STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The information contained in the
      Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition
      and results of operations of the Company.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="99%"><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Seth L. Van
      Voorhees</FONT></U></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="99%">
      <P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Seth L. Van Voorhees
      </FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="99%">
      <P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Vice President, Chief Financial
      Officer, <BR>
Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer
  </FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=justify width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>November 6, 2012</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>18</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.INS
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>refr-20120930.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL INSTANCE DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
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<us-gaap:BasisOfAccounting contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Basis of Presentation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;The accompanying unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (&amp;#8220;GAAP&amp;#8221;) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2012. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K relating to Research Frontiers Incorporated (the &amp;#8220;Company&amp;#8221;) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:BasisOfAccounting>
<us-gaap:NatureOfOperations contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt;Business&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt;Research Frontiers Incorporated (&amp;#8220;Research Frontiers&amp;#8221; or the &amp;#8220;Company&amp;#8221;) operates in a single business segment which is engaged in the development and marketing of technology and devices to control the flow of light. Such devices, often referred to as &amp;#8220;light valves&amp;#8221; or suspended particle devices (SPDs), use colloidal particles that are either incorporated within a liquid suspension or a film, which is usually enclosed between two sheets of glass or plastic having transparent, electrically conductive coatings on the facing surfaces thereof. At least one of the two sheets is transparent. SPD technology, made possible by a flexible light-control film invented by Research Frontiers, allows the user to instantly and precisely control the shading of glass/plastic manually or automatically. SPD technology has numerous product applications, including: SPD-Smart&amp;#8482; windows, sunshades, skylights and interior partitions for homes and buildings; automotive windows; sunroofs, sun-visors, sunshades, rear-view mirrors, instrument panels and navigation systems; aircraft windows; eyewear products; and flat panel displays for electronic products. SPD-Smart light control film is now being developed for, or used in, architectural, automotive, marine, aerospace and appliance applications. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt;The Company has historically utilized its cash and the proceeds from the sale of its investments to fund its research and development of SPD light valves, for marketing initiatives, and for other working capital purposes. The Company&amp;#8217;s working capital and capital requirements depend upon numerous factors, including the results of research and development activities, competitive and technological developments, the timing and cost of patent filings, and the development of new licensees and changes in the Company&amp;#8217;s relationships with its existing licensees. The degree of dependence of the Company&amp;#8217;s working capital requirements on each of the forgoing factors cannot be quantified; increased research and development activities and related costs would increase such requirements; the addition of new licensees may provide additional working capital or working capital requirements, and changes in relationships with existing licensees would have a favorable or negative impact depending up the nature of such changes. There can be no assurance that expenditures will not exceed the anticipated amounts or that additional financing, if required, will be available when needed or, if available, that its terms will be favorable or acceptable to the Company. Eventual success of the Company and generation of positive cash flow will be dependent upon the commercialization of products using the Company&amp;#8217;s technology by the Company&amp;#8217;s licensees and payments of continuing royalties on account thereof. To date, the Company has not generated sufficient revenue from its licensees to fund its operations.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:NatureOfOperations>
<us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt;Patent Costs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt;The Company expenses costs relating to the development or acquisition of patents due to the uncertainty of the recoverability of these items.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock>
<refr:RevenueRecognitionTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt;Revenue Recognition&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt;The Company has entered into a number of license agreements covering its light-control technology. The Company receives minimum annual royalties under certain license agreements and records fee income on a ratable basis each quarter. In instances when sales of licensed products by its licensees exceed minimum annual royalties, the Company recognizes fee income as the amounts have been earned. Certain of the fees are accrued by, or paid to, the Company in advance of the period in which they are earned resulting in deferred revenue. Such excess amounts are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized into income in future periods as earned.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</refr:RevenueRecognitionTextBlock>
<refr:FeeIncomeDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt;Fee Income&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt;Fee income represents amounts earned by the Company under various license and other agreements relating to technology developed by the Company. During the first nine months of 2012, five licensees of the Company accounted for approximately 68%, 5%, 5%, 4% and 3%, respectively, of fee income recognized during such period. During the first nine months of 2011, five licensees of the Company accounted for approximately 26%, 15%, 14%, 10% and 8%, respectively, of fee income recognized during such period.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</refr:FeeIncomeDisclosureTextBlock>
<us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Stock-Based Compensation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;GAAP requires that all stock-based compensation be recognized as an expense in the financial statements and that such costs be measured at the fair value of the award.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;No options were granted during the first nine months of 2011. On March 1, 2012, the Company granted options covering 30,000 shares to a consultant. These options vest ratably over the next 24 months and are marked to market quarterly using the Black Scholes method. During the nine and three months ended September 30, 2012, $9,888 and $997 were respectively charged to operations reflecting the fair value of the options.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;During the first nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company granted 363,200 shares of common stock to its directors and employees. All of the 96,500 shares granted to the directors, as well as 5,100 shares granted to employees, vested immediately upon grant. The remaining 261,600 shares issued to employees vest ratably over the 36 months following grant. The market value per share on the date of grant was $3.38. In connection with these grants, as well as prior grants that are not yet fully vested, the Company charged $741,279 and $631,535 to operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011and $132,645 and $94,940 during the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;The Company also granted 175,000 warrants at an exercise price of $6.00 to consultants during 2009. These warrants vest ratably over 59 months. These warrants are valued at fair value at the time that the related services are provided using the Black-Scholes method and marked to market quarterly using the Black Scholes method. The Company incurred a charge of $36,371 and $64,292 during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively and a charge of $72,176 and $9,560 during the three months ended September 30, 2012.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;The fair value of options and warrants using the Black Scholes method were calculated using the following assumptions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="line-height: 14pt; width: 20%; border-collapse: collapse;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="81%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Risk free interest rate&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="18%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;0.3%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="81%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Option life&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;" width="18%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;1-5 years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="81%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Volatility&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="18%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;51% - 53%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;As of September 30, 2012, remaining unamortized compensation costs in connection with these grants and warrants was $1,045,759 which will be recognized over the next 27 month period.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock>
<us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Income Taxes&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Since inception, the Company has incurred losses from operations and as a result has not recorded income tax expense. Benefits related to net operating loss carryforwards and deferred items have been fully reserved since it was not more likely than not that the Company would achieve profitable operations.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;The Company applied for state research and development refundable credits for the years ended December 31, 2006 through 2009. In April 2012, the Company received $613,397 relating to these credits for the years 2006 through 2009, which is reflected as income tax benefit in the accompanying statement of operations. The Company currently does not expect to collect additional credits for years subsequent to 2009. In addition, $61,340 is included in operating expenses on the accompanying statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 relating to professional fees paid in connection with securing these refundable credits.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock>
<refr:StockholdersEquityNoteTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Equity&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;During 2012 the Company sold, pursuant to an effective registration statement filed with the SEC, equity in the Company as follows: &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="line-height: 14pt; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; border-left: #000000 1pt solid; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; Date&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="center" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="7%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Shares issued&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="8%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Warrants issued&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Unit price&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid; border-right: #000000 1pt solid;" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Proceeds&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;July 30, 2012&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;589,227&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;117,846&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$2.97&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;1,745,549&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;*&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;August 28, 2012&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;1,900,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;380,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$2.97&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;5,229,201&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;**&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="100%" colspan="14"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td width="100%" colspan="14"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: right; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 5%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;2,489,227&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: center; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 6%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;497,846&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: right; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 1%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: right; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 4%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;6,974,750&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;*Net of fees of $4,455 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;** Net of fees of $413,719 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;During the first nine months of 2011 the Company received proceeds of $65,977 in connection with the exercises of outstanding options and warrants. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</refr:StockholdersEquityNoteTextBlock>
<us-gaap:TreasuryStockTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Treasury Stock&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;The Company did not repurchase any of its stock during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 or September 30, 2011.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:TreasuryStockTextBlock>
<refr:InvestmentsInMarketableSecuritiesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Investments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;The Company classifies investments in marketable securities as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity at the time of purchase and periodically re-evaluates such classifications. Trading securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses included in earnings. Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at cost and are adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts over the life of the related security. Unrealized holding gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until realized. In determining realized gains and losses, the cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. Interest and dividends on the investments are accrued at the balance sheet date. At September 30, 2012, all investments were classified as held to maturity and consisted of the following: &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Certificate of Deposit: &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div align="center"&gt;
&lt;table style="line-height: 14pt; width: 70%; border-collapse: collapse;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Investments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Maturity&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="4%" colspan="4" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Value of Held to Maturity&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center;" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Amount&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Date&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center;" width="4%" colspan="4" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Investments (based on cost)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;251,417&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" style="text-align: right;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;6-29-13&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;251,417&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;300,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" style="text-align: right;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;10-6-12&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;300,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;500,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" style="text-align: right;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;12-29-12&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;500,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" style="border-bottom: #000000 2pt double;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" style="border-bottom: #000000 2pt double;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;1,051,417&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</refr:InvestmentsInMarketableSecuritiesDisclosureTextBlock>
<us-gaap:LoansNotesTradeAndOtherReceivablesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Note Receivable from SPD Control Systems&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;On May 9, 2007, the Company began participating in the funding of the ongoing development of automotive controllers by SPD Control Systems Corp., a licensee of the Company. This development work is to produce the electronic controllers to operate SPD-Smart automotive windows and glass roof systems for one or more of the top five automotive makers in the world. The Company&amp;#8217;s funding of this project is reflected in the form of a senior secured convertible promissory note (the &amp;#8220;Note&amp;#8221;) of SPD Control Systems Corp. held by Research Frontiers&amp;#8217; wholly-owned subsidiary, SPD Enterprises Inc. The Note bore interest at 10% per annum, was secured by all of the assets (including intellectual property) of SPD Control Systems. The Note provided for funding of up to $150,000 by SPD Enterprises based upon the achievement of certain development milestones by SPD Control Systems. As part of a broader agreement between SPD Control Systems and the Company, effective as of May 9, 2010, the maturity date of this Note was extended to May 9, 2012 and the applicable conversion price for the Note was specified as $0.25 per share of SPD Control Systems stock through May 9, 2012 and $0.10 per share thereafter. On March 30, 2012, SPD Control Systems paid Research Frontiers $224,903 in full payment of the principal and accrued interest on the note.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:LoansNotesTradeAndOtherReceivablesDisclosureTextBlock>
<us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt;Fair Value Measurements&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt;We value financial instruments using a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"&gt;Financial assets accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2012 include cash, cash equivalents and short term investments of approximately $9.0 million. The carrying value of these assets approximates fair value due to the short term maturity of these instruments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock>
<us-gaap:DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;The fair value of options and warrants using the Black Scholes method were calculated using the following assumptions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="line-height: 14pt; width: 20%; border-collapse: collapse;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="81%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Risk free interest rate&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="18%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;0.3%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="81%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Option life&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;" width="18%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;1-5 years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="81%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Volatility&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="18%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;51% - 53%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock>
<us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;At September 30, 2012, all investments were classified as held to maturity and consisted of the following: &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Certificate of Deposit: &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div align="center"&gt;
&lt;table style="line-height: 14pt; width: 70%; border-collapse: collapse;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Investments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Maturity&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="4%" colspan="4" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Value of Held to Maturity&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center;" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Amount&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Date&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center;" width="4%" colspan="4" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Investments (based on cost)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;251,417&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" style="text-align: right;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;6-29-13&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;251,417&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;300,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" style="text-align: right;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;10-6-12&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;300,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;500,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" style="text-align: right;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;12-29-12&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;500,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" style="border-bottom: #000000 2pt double;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" style="border-bottom: #000000 2pt double;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="+0"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;1,051,417&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock>
<refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2011_LicenseeAxis_LicenseeOneMember" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.26</refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee>
<refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2011_LicenseeAxis_LicenseeTwoMember" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.15</refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee>
<refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2011_LicenseeAxis_LicenseeThreeMember" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.14</refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee>
<refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2011_LicenseeAxis_LicenseeFourMember" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.10</refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee>
<refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2011_LicenseeAxis_LicenseeFiveMember" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.08</refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee>
<refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_LicenseeAxis_LicenseeOneMember" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.68</refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee>
<refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_LicenseeAxis_LicenseeTwoMember" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.05</refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee>
<refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_LicenseeAxis_LicenseeThreeMember" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.05</refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee>
<refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_LicenseeAxis_LicenseeFourMember" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.04</refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee>
<refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_LicenseeAxis_LicenseeFiveMember" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.03</refr:PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee>
<us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.003</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate>


<us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2009_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_WarrantMember" unitRef="shares" decimals="0">175000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
<us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod contextRef="Context_Custom_31-Mar-2012_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualExcludingShareBasedPaymentsAndPostretirementBenefitsByTitleOfIndividualAxis_ConsultantMember" unitRef="shares" decimals="0">30000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
<us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="shares" decimals="0">363200</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
<us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualExcludingShareBasedPaymentsAndPostretirementBenefitsByTitleOfIndividualAxis_DirectorMember" unitRef="shares" decimals="0">96500</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
<us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualExcludingShareBasedPaymentsAndPostretirementBenefitsByTitleOfIndividualAxis_EmployeeMember" unitRef="shares" decimals="0">5100</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
<us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1 contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2009_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_WarrantMember">P59M</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1>
<us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1 contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">P36M</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1>
<us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1 contextRef="Context_Custom_31-Mar-2012_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualExcludingShareBasedPaymentsAndPostretirementBenefitsByTitleOfIndividualAxis_ConsultantMember">P24M</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1>
<us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1 contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_WarrantMember">P27M</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1>
<us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardSharesIssuedInPeriod contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="shares" decimals="0">261600</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardSharesIssuedInPeriod>
<us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2009_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_WarrantMember" unitRef="USD_per_Share" decimals="2">6.00</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue>
<us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="USD_per_Share" decimals="2">3.38</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue>
<us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax contextRef="Context_3ME_30-Sep-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">94940</us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax>
<us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax contextRef="Context_3ME_30-Sep-2011_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_WarrantMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">9560</us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax>
<us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">631535</us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax>
<us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2011_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_WarrantMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">64292</us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax>
<us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax contextRef="Context_3ME_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">132645</us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax>
<us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax contextRef="Context_3ME_30-Sep-2012_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_WarrantMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">72176</us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax>
<us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax contextRef="Context_3ME_30-Sep-2012_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualExcludingShareBasedPaymentsAndPostretirementBenefitsByTitleOfIndividualAxis_ConsultantMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">997</us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax>
<us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">741279</us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax>
<us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_WarrantMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">36371</us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax>
<us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualExcludingShareBasedPaymentsAndPostretirementBenefitsByTitleOfIndividualAxis_ConsultantMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">9888</us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax>
<refr:UnamortisedOptionBasedCompensationCosts contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_WarrantMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1045759</refr:UnamortisedOptionBasedCompensationCosts>
<us-gaap:ProfessionalFees contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">61340</us-gaap:ProfessionalFees>

<us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent contextRef="Context_As_Of_30-Sep-2012_CertificateOfDepositsAxis_CertificateOfDepositsOneMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">251417</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
<us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent contextRef="Context_As_Of_30-Sep-2012_CertificateOfDepositsAxis_CertificateOfDepositsTwoMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">300000</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
<us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent contextRef="Context_As_Of_30-Sep-2012_CertificateOfDepositsAxis_CertificateOfDepositsThreeMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">500000</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
<invest:InvestmentMaturityDate1 contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_CertificateOfDepositsAxis_CertificateOfDepositsOneMember">2013-06-29</invest:InvestmentMaturityDate1>
<invest:InvestmentMaturityDate1 contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_CertificateOfDepositsAxis_CertificateOfDepositsTwoMember">2012-10-06</invest:InvestmentMaturityDate1>
<invest:InvestmentMaturityDate1 contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012_CertificateOfDepositsAxis_CertificateOfDepositsThreeMember">2012-12-29</invest:InvestmentMaturityDate1>
<us-gaap:DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.10</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod>
<us-gaap:DebtInstrumentConvertibleConversionPrice1 contextRef="Context_As_Of_09-May-2012" unitRef="USD_per_Share" decimals="2">0.25</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentConvertibleConversionPrice1>
<us-gaap:DebtInstrumentConvertibleConversionPrice1 contextRef="Context_As_Of_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="USD_per_Share" decimals="2">0.10</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentConvertibleConversionPrice1>
<us-gaap:DebtInstrumentMaturityDate contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">2012-05-09</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentMaturityDate>
<refr:ConditionalPaymentsOnNotes contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">150000</refr:ConditionalPaymentsOnNotes>
<refr:PrincipalAndInterestPortionOutstandingOnNotes contextRef="Context_As_Of_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">224903</refr:PrincipalAndInterestPortionOutstandingOnNotes>

<us-gaap:AssetsFairValueDisclosure contextRef="Context_As_Of_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="USD" decimals="-5">9000000</us-gaap:AssetsFairValueDisclosure>
<us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">0</us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock>
<us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">6974750</us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock>

<!-- Footnote Section -->
<link:footnoteLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link">


















<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="#Footnote-1_1" xlink:label="lab_Footnote-1_1"/>
<link:footnoteArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote" order="1.0" xlink:to="Footnote-1" xlink:from="lab_Footnote-1_1"/>
<link:footnote xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="Footnote-1">Net of fees of $4,455</link:footnote>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="#Footnote-2_1" xlink:label="lab_Footnote-2_1"/>
<link:footnoteArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote" order="1.0" xlink:to="Footnote-2" xlink:from="lab_Footnote-2_1"/>
<link:footnote xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="Footnote-2">Net of fees of $413,719</link:footnote>
</link:footnoteLink>
<us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingencies contextRef="Context_As_Of_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true"/>
<us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingencies contextRef="Context_As_Of_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true"/>
<refr:ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables contextRef="Context_As_Of_30-Sep-2012" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">92723</refr:ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables>
<refr:ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables contextRef="Context_As_Of_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">92723</refr:ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables>
<us-gaap:SubsequentEventsTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman,times"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Subsequent Event&lt;/u&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman,times"&gt;On October 3, 2012 the Company announced that it has entered into an agreement to sell 1,250,000 shares of its common stock, and warrants to purchase 250,000 shares of its common stock, to an institutional investor. Each share and corresponding warrant was sold at an aggregate price of $4.49, resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $5,612,500. The warrants are exercisable for a period of five years beginning on the six-month anniversary of the closing date at an exercise price of $6.73 per share (approximately 150% of the aggregate offering price). &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman,times"&gt;The securities issued in this private placement have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any state securities laws, and were issued and sold in a private placement pursuant to Regulation D of the Securities Act. The Company has agreed to file a registration statement that covers the resale of the shares by the purchaser and the shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:SubsequentEventsTextBlock>
<us-gaap:ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock contextRef="Context_9ME_30-Sep-2012">&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;During 2012 the Company sold, pursuant to an effective registration statement filed with the SEC, equity in the Company as follows: &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="line-height: 14pt; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; border-left: #000000 1pt solid; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; Date&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="center" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="7%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Shares issued&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="8%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Warrants issued&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Unit price&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid; border-right: #000000 1pt solid;" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Proceeds&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;July 30, 2012&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;589,227&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;117,846&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$2.97&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;1,745,549&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;*&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;August 28, 2012&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;1,900,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;380,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$2.97&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;5,229,201&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;**&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="100%" colspan="14"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td width="100%" colspan="14"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: right; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 5%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;2,489,227&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: center; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 6%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;497,846&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: right; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 1%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: right; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 4%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;6,974,750&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"&gt;*Net of fees of $4,455 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/TreasuryStock" id="TreasuryStock">
<link:definition>014 - Disclosure - Treasury Stock</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/Investments" id="Investments">
<link:definition>015 - Disclosure - Investments</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/NoteReceivableFromSPDControlSystems" id="NoteReceivableFromSPDControlSystems">
<link:definition>016 - Disclosure - Note Receivable from SPD Control Systems</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/FairValueMeasurements" id="FairValueMeasurements">
<link:definition>018 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StockBasedCompensationTables" id="StockBasedCompensationTables">
<link:definition>019 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/InvestmentsTables" id="InvestmentsTables">
<link:definition>021 - Disclosure - Investments (Tables)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/FeeIncomeDetailsTextual" id="FeeIncomeDetailsTextual">
<link:definition>022 - Disclosure - Fee Income (Details Textual)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StockBasedCompensationDetails" id="StockBasedCompensationDetails">
<link:definition>023 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Details)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StockBasedCompensationDetailsTextual" id="StockBasedCompensationDetailsTextual">
<link:definition>024 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Details Textual)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsTextual" id="IncomeTaxesDetailsTextual">
<link:definition>025 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details Textual)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/EquityDetailsTextual" id="EquityDetailsTextual">
<link:definition>027 - Disclosure - Equity (Details Textual)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/InvestmentsDetails" id="InvestmentsDetails">
<link:definition>028 - Disclosure - Investments (Details)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/NoteReceivableFromSpdControlSystemsDetailsTextual" id="NoteReceivableFromSpdControlSystemsDetailsTextual">
<link:definition>029 - Disclosure - Note Receivable from SPD Control Systems (Details Textual)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetailsTextual" id="FairValueMeasurementsDetailsTextual">
<link:definition>031 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Details Textual)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="refr-20120930_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase"/>
<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="refr-20120930_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase"/>
<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="refr-20120930_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase"/>
<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="refr-20120930_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase"/>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/SubsequentEvent" id="SubsequentEvent"><link:definition>017 - Disclosure - Subsequent Event</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/SubsequentEventDetailsTextual" id="SubsequentEventDetailsTextual"><link:definition>030 - Disclosure - Subsequent Event (Details Textual)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>

<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/EquityDetails" id="EquityDetails"><link:definition>026 - Disclosure - Equity (Details)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/EquityTables" id="EquityTables"><link:definition>020 - Disclosure - Equity (Tables)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
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<element name="WarrantsExercisePriceOnClosingDate" id="refr_WarrantsExercisePriceOnClosingDate" type="num:perShareItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" nillable="true"/>
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<element name="July302012Member" id="refr_July302012Member" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" nillable="true"/>

<element name="August282012Member" id="refr_August282012Member" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" nillable="true"/>

<element name="October32012Member" id="refr_October32012Member" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" nillable="true"/>


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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.CAL
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>refr-20120930_cal.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION CALCULATION LINKBASE
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<calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StatementOfFinancialPositionClassified">
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<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue"/>
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<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_refr_RoyaltyReceivablesNetCurrent" order="30" use="optional" weight="1"/>
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<roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#StatementOfIncomeAlternative" roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StatementOfIncomeAlternative"/>
<calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StatementOfIncomeAlternative">
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense"/>
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<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense"/>
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<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss"/><loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue"/><calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" order="10" use="optional" weight="1"/><calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" order="20" use="optional" weight="-1"/><loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss"/><loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest"/><calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" order="10" use="optional" weight="1"/><loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit"/><calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" order="20" use="optional" weight="-1"/></calculationLink>


<roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#StatementOfCashFlowsIndirect" roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StatementOfCashFlowsIndirect"/>
<calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StatementOfCashFlowsIndirect">
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss"/>
<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" order="10" use="optional" weight="1"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization"/>
<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" order="20" use="optional" weight="1"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation"/>
<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" order="30" use="optional" weight="1"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_IncreaseDecreaseInUncollectibleRoyaltyReceivable" xlink:label="loc_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInUncollectibleRoyaltyReceivable"/>
<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInUncollectibleRoyaltyReceivable" order="40" use="optional" weight="-1"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltyReceivables" xlink:label="loc_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltyReceivables"/>
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<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets"/>
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<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue"/>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>refr-20120930_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
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<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Document and Entity Information [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Document and Entity Information [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Document and Entity Information.</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xlink:to="lab_refr_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementTable"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementTable" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementTable" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementTable"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementLineItems"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Line Items]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Line Items]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementLineItems"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2012/dei-2012-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2012/dei-2012-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2012/dei-2012-01-31.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="loc_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="lab_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2012/dei-2012-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFilerCategory"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2012/dei-2012-01-31.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="loc_dei_TradingSymbol"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_TradingSymbol" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_TradingSymbol" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="lab_dei_TradingSymbol"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2012/dei-2012-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2012/dei-2012-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentType" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentType" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentType"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2012/dei-2012-01-31.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2012/dei-2012-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2012/dei-2012-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2012/dei-2012-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Statement Of Financial Position [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Assets [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents, At Carrying Value</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents at end of period</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents at end of period</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Marketable Securities, Current</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Total</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Short term investments</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationGuidance" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Value of Held to Maturity-Investments (based on cost)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_RoyaltyReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:label="loc_refr_RoyaltyReceivablesNetCurrent"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_RoyaltyReceivablesNetCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty Receivables, Net, Current</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_RoyaltyReceivablesNetCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty receivables, net of reserve of $92,723 in both periods</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_RoyaltyReceivablesNetCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Amounts due from customers or clients, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer) for royalty.</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_RoyaltyReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:to="lab_refr_RoyaltyReceivablesNetCurrent"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Notes Receivable, Related Parties, Current</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Note receivable SPD Control Systems</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Note receivable, SPD Control Systems</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Current</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Total current assets</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Total current assets</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment, Net</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xml:lang="en-US">Fixed assets, net</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xml:lang="en-US">Fixed assets, net</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, Beginning Balance</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, Ending Balance</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent" xlink:label="loc_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Deposits and Other Assets, Non Current</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Deposits and other assets</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Deposits and other assets</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Carrying value of amounts transferred to third parties for security purposes that are expected to be returned or applied towards payment after one year or beyond the operating cycle, if longer. Also includes aggregate carrying amount, as of the balance sheet date, of noncurrent assets not separately disclosed in the balance sheet. Noncurrent assets are expected to be realized or consumed after one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer).</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent" xlink:to="lab_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Assets"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Assets"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities and Equity [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Payable, Current</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Payable, Current, Total</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Revenue, Current</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Revenue, Current, Total</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent"/>






<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Current</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders Equity Attributable To Parent [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Shareholders' equity:</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockValue"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Value, Issued</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Capital stock, par value $0.0001 per share; authorized 100,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding 21,396,782 and 18,544,355 shares, respectively</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Value, Issued, Total</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Value, Issued, Beginning Balance</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Value, Issued, Ending Balance</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid In Capital, Common Stock</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid in Capital, Common Stock, Beginning Balance</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid in Capital, Common Stock, Ending Balance</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit), Beginning Balance</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit), Ending Balance</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders Equity Attributable To Parent</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Total shareholders' equity</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Total shareholders' equity</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Balance</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Balance</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities and Equity</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities and shareholders' equity</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities and shareholders' equity</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract" xlink:label="loc_refr_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Balance Sheet [Parenthetical] [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Balance Sheet [Parenthetical] [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Balance Sheet [Parenthetical]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract" xlink:to="lab_refr_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Par Or Stated Value Per Share</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares Authorized</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares authorized</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Issued</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares issued</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Issued, Total</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares outstanding</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding, Beginning Balance</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding, Ending Balance</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement [Abstract]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" xml:lang="en-US">Licenses Revenue</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" xml:lang="en-US">Fee income</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" xml:lang="en-US">Fee income</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xml:lang="en-US">General and Administrative Expense</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xml:lang="en-US">Operating expenses</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xml:lang="en-US">Operating expenses</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expense</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Expenses</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Expenses, Total</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xml:lang="en-US">Total Expenses</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Income (Loss)</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Operating loss</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Operating loss</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xml:lang="en-US">Investment Income, Interest</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xml:lang="en-US">Net investment income</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xml:lang="en-US">Net investment income</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xml:lang="en-US">Net investment income</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xml:lang="en-US">Income (Loss) From Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes, Extraordinary Items, Noncontrolling Interest</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xml:lang="en-US">Loss before income tax benefit</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/negativeLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xml:lang="en-US">Loss before income tax benefit</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xml:lang="en-US">Loss before income tax benefit</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax benefit</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/negativeLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax benefit</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Attributable To Parent</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" xml:lang="en-US">Basic and diluted loss per common share (in dollars per share)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingBasicAndDiluted" xlink:label="loc_refr_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingBasicAndDiluted"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingBasicAndDiluted" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Number Of Common Shares Outstanding, Basic and Diluted</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingBasicAndDiluted" xml:lang="en-US">Basic and diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding (in shares)</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingBasicAndDiluted" xml:lang="en-US">The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating basic and diluted EPS.</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingBasicAndDiluted" xlink:to="lab_refr_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingBasicAndDiluted"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Statement Of Cash Flows [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Cash flows from operating activities:</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments To Reconcile Net Income (Loss) To Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation and amortization</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation and amortization</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_IncreaseDecreaseInUncollectibleRoyaltyReceivable" xlink:label="loc_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInUncollectibleRoyaltyReceivable"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInUncollectibleRoyaltyReceivable" xml:lang="en-US">Increase Decrease In Uncollectible Royalty Receivable</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInUncollectibleRoyaltyReceivable" xml:lang="en-US">Recovery of uncollectible royalty receivable</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInUncollectibleRoyaltyReceivable" xml:lang="en-US">The total amount of change during the period to uncollectible royalty receivable.</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInUncollectibleRoyaltyReceivable" xml:lang="en-US">Recovery of uncollectible royalty receivable</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInUncollectibleRoyaltyReceivable" xlink:to="lab_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInUncollectibleRoyaltyReceivable"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) In Operating Capital [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Changes in assets and liabilities:</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltyReceivables" xlink:label="loc_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltyReceivables"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltyReceivables" xml:lang="en-US">Increase Decrease In Royalty Receivables</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltyReceivables" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty receivables</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltyReceivables" xml:lang="en-US">The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in amount due within one year (or one business cycle) from Royalty.</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltyReceivables" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty receivables</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltyReceivables" xlink:to="lab_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltyReceivables"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) In Prepaid Expense and Other Assets</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses and other assets</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses and other assets</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses and other assets</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) In Deferred Revenue</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) In Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable and accrued expenses</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable and accrued expenses</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable and accrued expenses</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in operating activities</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in operating activities</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Cash flows from investing activities:</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Payments To Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of fixed assets</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of fixed assets</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of fixed assets</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTotalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of fixed assets</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments" xml:lang="en-US">Payments To Acquire Short-Term Investments</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments" xml:lang="en-US">Change in short term investments</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments" xml:lang="en-US">Change in short term investments</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties" xml:lang="en-US">Repayment Of Notes Receivable From Related Parties</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties" xml:lang="en-US">Note and interest receivable on SPD Control Systems</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Financing Activities [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Cash flows from financing activities:</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds From Issuance Of Common Stock</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xml:lang="en-US">Net proceeds from the sale of stock</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds From Issuance Of Common Stock (in shares)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds From Stock Options Exercised</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Net proceeds from the exercise of options or warrants</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds From Stock Options Exercised</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Financing Activities</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by financing activities</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by financing activities</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by financing activities</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease)</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xml:lang="en-US">Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xml:lang="en-US">Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Organization, Consolidation and Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting" xml:lang="en-US">Basis Of Accounting [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting" xml:lang="en-US">Basis of Accounting [Text Block]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xml:lang="en-US">Nature Of Operations [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xml:lang="en-US">Nature of Operations [Text Block]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Assets Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Assets Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Accounting Policies [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Accounting Policies [Abstract]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_RevenueRecognitionTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_refr_RevenueRecognitionTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_RevenueRecognitionTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue Recognition [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_RevenueRecognitionTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue Recognition [Text Block]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_RevenueRecognitionTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_refr_RevenueRecognitionTextBlock"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="loc_refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Fee Income Disclosure [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Fee Income Disclosure [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Fee Income Disclosure.</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Fee Income Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Fee Income Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">The entire disclosure for the revenue earned during the period relating to consideration received from another party for the right to use, but not own, certain of the entity's intangible assets. Licensing arrangements include, but are not limited to, rights to use a patent, copyright, technology, manufacturing process, software or trademark.</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureTextBlock"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs, Share-Based Payments [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs, Share-Based Payments [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock"/>




<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_StockholdersEquityNoteTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_refr_StockholdersEquityNoteTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_StockholdersEquityNoteTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders Equity Note [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_StockholdersEquityNoteTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders Equity Note [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_StockholdersEquityNoteTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity, comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest excluding treasury stock.</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_StockholdersEquityNoteTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_refr_StockholdersEquityNoteTextBlock"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EquityAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Equity [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Equity [Abstract]</label>
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<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TreasuryStockTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock [Text Block]</label>
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<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_InvestmentsInMarketableSecuritiesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_refr_InvestmentsInMarketableSecuritiesDisclosureTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_InvestmentsInMarketableSecuritiesDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Investments In Marketable Securities Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_InvestmentsInMarketableSecuritiesDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Investments In Marketable Securities Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_InvestmentsInMarketableSecuritiesDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">The entire disclosure of investments in certain debt and equity securities (and certain other trading assets) which include all debt and equity securities (other than those equity securities accounted for under the equity or cost methods of accounting) with readily determinable fair values. Other trading assets include assets that are carried on the balance sheet at fair value and held for trading purposes. A debt security represents a creditor relationship with an enterprise that is in the form of a security. Debt securities include, among other items, US Treasury securities, US government securities, municipal securities, corporate bonds, convertible debt, commercial paper, and all securitized debt instruments. An equity security represents an ownership interest in an enterprise or the right to acquire or dispose of an ownership interest in an enterprise at fixed or determinable prices. Equity securities include, among other things, common stock, certain preferred stock, warrant rights, call options, and put options, but do not include convertible debt. An entity may opt to provide the reader with additional narrative text to better understand the nature of investments in debt and equity securities (and other trading assets).</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_InvestmentsInMarketableSecuritiesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_refr_InvestmentsInMarketableSecuritiesDisclosureTextBlock"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivablesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ReceivablesAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ReceivablesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Receivables [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ReceivablesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Receivables [Abstract]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ReceivablesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ReceivablesAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LoansNotesTradeAndOtherReceivablesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LoansNotesTradeAndOtherReceivablesDisclosureTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LoansNotesTradeAndOtherReceivablesDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Loans, Notes, Trade and Other Receivables Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LoansNotesTradeAndOtherReceivablesDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Loans, Notes, Trade and Other Receivables Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LoansNotesTradeAndOtherReceivablesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LoansNotesTradeAndOtherReceivablesDisclosureTextBlock"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure Of Share-Based Compensation Arrangements By Share-Based Payment Award [Table Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award [Table Text Block]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Held-To-Maturity Securities [Table Text Block]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Held-to-maturity Securities [Table Text Block]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_LicenseeAxis" xlink:label="loc_refr_LicenseeAxis"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_LicenseeAxis" xml:lang="en-US">Licensee [Axis]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_LicenseeAxis" xml:lang="en-US">Licensee [Axis]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_LicenseeAxis" xlink:to="lab_refr_LicenseeAxis"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_LicenseeDomain" xlink:label="loc_refr_LicenseeDomain"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_LicenseeDomain" xml:lang="en-US">Licensee [Domain]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_LicenseeDomain" xml:lang="en-US">Licensee [Domain]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_LicenseeDomain" xlink:to="lab_refr_LicenseeDomain"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_LicenseeOneMember" xlink:label="loc_refr_LicenseeOneMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_LicenseeOneMember" xml:lang="en-US">Licensee One [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_LicenseeOneMember" xlink:to="lab_refr_LicenseeOneMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_LicenseeTwoMember" xlink:label="loc_refr_LicenseeTwoMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_LicenseeTwoMember" xml:lang="en-US">Licensee Two [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_LicenseeTwoMember" xlink:to="lab_refr_LicenseeTwoMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_LicenseeThreeMember" xlink:label="loc_refr_LicenseeThreeMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_LicenseeThreeMember" xml:lang="en-US">Licensee Three [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_LicenseeThreeMember" xlink:to="lab_refr_LicenseeThreeMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_LicenseeFourMember" xlink:label="loc_refr_LicenseeFourMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_LicenseeFourMember" xml:lang="en-US">Licensee Four [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_LicenseeFourMember" xlink:to="lab_refr_LicenseeFourMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_LicenseeFiveMember" xlink:label="loc_refr_LicenseeFiveMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_LicenseeFiveMember" xml:lang="en-US">Licensee Five [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_LicenseeFiveMember" xlink:to="lab_refr_LicenseeFiveMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee" xlink:label="loc_refr_PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage Of Fee Income Recognised Licencee</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage Of Fee Income Recognised Licencee</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of fee income, representing the amount earned by the entity under licenses and other agreements relating to technology developed by the company, received from one of the licencee during the period.</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee" xlink:to="lab_refr_PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Risk Free Interest Rate</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate" xml:lang="en-US">Risk free interest rate</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Term</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" xml:lang="en-US">Option life</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Volatility Rate</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" xml:lang="en-US">Volatility</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Components [Axis]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Components [Axis]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Component [Domain]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Component [Domain]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WarrantMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_WarrantMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WarrantMember" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_WarrantMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_WarrantMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualExcludingShareBasedPaymentsAndPostretirementBenefitsByTitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualExcludingShareBasedPaymentsAndPostretirementBenefitsByTitleOfIndividualAxis"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualExcludingShareBasedPaymentsAndPostretirementBenefitsByTitleOfIndividualAxis" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Bonus and Profit Sharing Plan By Title Of Individual [Axis]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualExcludingShareBasedPaymentsAndPostretirementBenefitsByTitleOfIndividualAxis" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Bonus and Profit Sharing Plan by Title of Individual [Axis]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualExcludingShareBasedPaymentsAndPostretirementBenefitsByTitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualExcludingShareBasedPaymentsAndPostretirementBenefitsByTitleOfIndividualAxis"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xml:lang="en-US">Title Of Individual With Relationship To Entity [Domain]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xml:lang="en-US">Title of Individual with Relationship to Entity [Domain]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DirectorMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DirectorMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DirectorMember" xml:lang="en-US">Director [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DirectorMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DirectorMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_EmployeeMember" xlink:label="loc_refr_EmployeeMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_EmployeeMember" xml:lang="en-US">Employee [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_EmployeeMember" xlink:to="lab_refr_EmployeeMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_ConsultantMember" xlink:label="loc_refr_ConsultantMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_ConsultantMember" xml:lang="en-US">Consultant [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_ConsultantMember" xlink:to="lab_refr_ConsultantMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other Than Options, Grants In Period</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period (in shares)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardSharesIssuedInPeriod" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardSharesIssuedInPeriod"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardSharesIssuedInPeriod" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Shares Issued In Period</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardSharesIssuedInPeriod" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Shares Issued in Period (in shares)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardSharesIssuedInPeriod" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardSharesIssuedInPeriod"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other Than Options, Grants In Period, Intrinsic Value</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Intrinsic Value (in dollars per share)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax" xml:lang="en-US">Allocated Share-Based Compensation Expense, Net Of Tax</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax" xml:lang="en-US">Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense, Net of Tax</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_UnamortisedOptionBasedCompensationCosts" xlink:label="loc_refr_UnamortisedOptionBasedCompensationCosts"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_UnamortisedOptionBasedCompensationCosts" xml:lang="en-US">Unamortised Option Based Compensation Costs</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_UnamortisedOptionBasedCompensationCosts" xml:lang="en-US">Unamortised Option Based Compensation Costs</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_UnamortisedOptionBasedCompensationCosts" xml:lang="en-US">Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of unamortised compensation costs capitalized at the end of the reporting period that are expected to be recognised.</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_UnamortisedOptionBasedCompensationCosts" xlink:to="lab_refr_UnamortisedOptionBasedCompensationCosts"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProfessionalFees" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProfessionalFees"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProfessionalFees" xml:lang="en-US">Professional Fees</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProfessionalFees" xml:lang="en-US">Professional Fees</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProfessionalFees" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProfessionalFees"/>




<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_CertificateOfDepositsAxis" xlink:label="loc_refr_CertificateOfDepositsAxis"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsAxis" xml:lang="en-US">Certificate Of Deposits [Axis]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsAxis" xml:lang="en-US">Certificate Of Deposits [Axis]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_CertificateOfDepositsAxis" xlink:to="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsAxis"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_CertificateOfDepositsDomain" xlink:label="loc_refr_CertificateOfDepositsDomain"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsDomain" xml:lang="en-US">Certificate Of Deposits [Domain]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsDomain" xml:lang="en-US">Certificate Of Deposits [Domain]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_CertificateOfDepositsDomain" xlink:to="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsDomain"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_CertificateOfDepositsOneMember" xlink:label="loc_refr_CertificateOfDepositsOneMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsOneMember" xml:lang="en-US">Certificate Of Deposits One [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_CertificateOfDepositsOneMember" xlink:to="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsOneMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_CertificateOfDepositsTwoMember" xlink:label="loc_refr_CertificateOfDepositsTwoMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsTwoMember" xml:lang="en-US">Certificate Of Deposits Two [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_CertificateOfDepositsTwoMember" xlink:to="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsTwoMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_CertificateOfDepositsThreeMember" xlink:label="loc_refr_CertificateOfDepositsThreeMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsThreeMember" xml:lang="en-US">Certificate Of Deposits Three [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_CertificateOfDepositsThreeMember" xlink:to="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsThreeMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Held-To-Maturity Securities, Current</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Value of Held to Maturity-Investments (based on cost)</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Investments- Amount</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/invest/2012/invest-2012-01-31.xsd#invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1" xlink:label="loc_invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1" xml:lang="en-US">Investment Maturity Date</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1" xml:lang="en-US">Maturity Date</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1" xlink:to="lab_invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Interest Rate During Period</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Interest Rate During Period (in dollars Per share)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleConversionPrice1" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleConversionPrice1"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleConversionPrice1" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Price</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleConversionPrice1" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Price (in dollars per share)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleConversionPrice1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleConversionPrice1"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Maturity Date</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Maturity Date</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_ConditionalPaymentsOnNotes" xlink:label="loc_refr_ConditionalPaymentsOnNotes"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_ConditionalPaymentsOnNotes" xml:lang="en-US">Conditional Payments On Notes</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_ConditionalPaymentsOnNotes" xml:lang="en-US">Conditional Payments On Notes</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_ConditionalPaymentsOnNotes" xml:lang="en-US">Amount funded by notes upon achievement of certain development milestones by the entity during the period.</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_ConditionalPaymentsOnNotes" xlink:to="lab_refr_ConditionalPaymentsOnNotes"/>





<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Fair Value Disclosure</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Fair Value Disclosure</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables" xlink:label="loc_refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables" xml:lang="en-US">Reserves Of Royalty Receivables</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables" xml:lang="en-US">Reserve of royalty receivables (in dollars)</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables" xml:lang="en-US">A valuation reserves for royalty receivables due to an entity within one year (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer) that are expected to be uncollectible.</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables" xlink:to="lab_refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_LicenseeSixMember" xlink:label="loc_refr_LicenseeSixMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_refr_LicenseeSixMember" xml:lang="en-US">Licensee Six [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_LicenseeSixMember" xlink:to="lab_refr_LicenseeSixMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Expenses And Other Current Liabilities</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xml:lang="en-US">Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Also includes aggregate carrying amount, as of the balance sheet date, of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered and of liabilities not separately disclosed in the balance sheet. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses and other</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:to="lab_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_PrincipalAndInterestPortionOutstandingOnNotes" xlink:label="loc_refr_PrincipalAndInterestPortionOutstandingOnNotes"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_PrincipalAndInterestPortionOutstandingOnNotes" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Principal And Interest Portion Outstanding On Notes</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_PrincipalAndInterestPortionOutstandingOnNotes" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xml:lang="en-US">Amount funded by notes upon achievement of certain development milestones by the entity during the period.</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_PrincipalAndInterestPortionOutstandingOnNotes" xlink:to="lab_refr_PrincipalAndInterestPortionOutstandingOnNotes"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Events [Abstract]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Events [Text Block]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock"/>



<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xml:lang="en-US">Shares issued (in shares)</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues (in shares)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod" xlink:label="loc_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants Issued To Investors During Period</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants issued to investors during period.</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants Issued To Investors During Period (in shares)</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants issued (in shares)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod" xlink:to="lab_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPricePerShare" xlink:label="loc_refr_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPricePerShare"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPricePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period Price Per Share</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPricePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xml:lang="en-US">Price per share of stock issued to investors during period.</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPricePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xml:lang="en-US">Unit price (in dollars per share)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPricePerShare" xlink:to="lab_refr_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPricePerShare"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForFees" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsForFees"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForFees" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Payments for Fees</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsForFees" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForFees"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriodPricePerShare" xlink:label="loc_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriodPricePerShare"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriodPricePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants Issued To Investors During Period Price Per Share</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriodPricePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xml:lang="en-US">Price per share of warrants issued to investors during period.</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriodPricePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants Issued To Investors During Period Price Per Share (in dollars per share)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriodPricePerShare" xlink:to="lab_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriodPricePerShare"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromWarrantExercises" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromWarrantExercises"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromWarrantExercises" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from Warrant Exercises</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromWarrantExercises" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromWarrantExercises"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_WarrantsExercisePriceOnClosingDate" xlink:label="loc_refr_WarrantsExercisePriceOnClosingDate"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_WarrantsExercisePriceOnClosingDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants Exercise Price On Closing Date</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_WarrantsExercisePriceOnClosingDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xml:lang="en-US">Per share of warrants exercise price on closing date.</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_WarrantsExercisePriceOnClosingDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants Exercise Price On Closing Date (in dollars per share)</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_WarrantsExercisePriceOnClosingDate" xlink:to="lab_refr_WarrantsExercisePriceOnClosingDate"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_WarrantsOfferingPricePercentage" xlink:label="loc_refr_WarrantsOfferingPricePercentage"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_WarrantsOfferingPricePercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants Offering Price Percentage</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_WarrantsOfferingPricePercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of warrants offering price during the period.</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_WarrantsOfferingPricePercentage" xlink:to="lab_refr_WarrantsOfferingPricePercentage"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FinancingAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FinancingAxis"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinancingAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Financing [Axis]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FinancingAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FinancingAxis"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IssuanceOfEquityMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IssuanceOfEquityMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IssuanceOfEquityMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of Equity [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IssuanceOfEquityMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IssuanceOfEquityMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FinancingDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FinancingDomain"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinancingDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Financing [Domain]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FinancingDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FinancingDomain"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_PeriodAxis" xlink:label="loc_refr_PeriodAxis"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_PeriodAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Period [Axis]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_PeriodAxis" xlink:to="lab_refr_PeriodAxis"/><label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_refr_PeriodAxis" xml:lang="en-US">Period [Axis]</label>

<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_PeriodDomain" xlink:label="loc_refr_PeriodDomain"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_PeriodDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Period [Domain]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_PeriodDomain" xlink:to="lab_refr_PeriodDomain"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_July302012Member" xlink:label="loc_refr_July302012Member"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_July302012Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">July302012 [Member]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_July302012Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xml:lang="en-US">July 30, 2012 [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_July302012Member" xlink:to="lab_refr_July302012Member"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_August282012Member" xlink:label="loc_refr_August282012Member"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_August282012Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">August282012 [Member]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_August282012Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xml:lang="en-US">August 28, 2012 [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_August282012Member" xlink:to="lab_refr_August282012Member"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="refr-20120930.xsd#refr_October32012Member" xlink:label="loc_refr_October32012Member"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_October32012Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">October32012 [Member]</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_refr_October32012Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xml:lang="en-US">October 2, 2012 [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_refr_October32012Member" xlink:to="lab_refr_October32012Member"/>



<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsDate" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventsDate"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event, Date</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsDate" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsDate" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Volatility Rate, Minimum</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xml:lang="en-US">Volatility - Minimum</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Volatility Rate, Maximum</label>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xml:lang="en-US">Volatility - Maximum</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event Type [Axis]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event Type [Domain]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Stockholders Equity [Table Text Block]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RangeAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RangeAxis"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RangeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Range [Axis]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RangeAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RangeAxis"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RangeMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RangeMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RangeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Range [Domain]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RangeMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RangeMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MinimumMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_MinimumMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MinimumMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_MinimumMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MinimumMember"/>
<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2012/elts/us-gaap-2012-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MaximumMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_MaximumMember"/>
<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MaximumMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum [Member]</label>
<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_MaximumMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MaximumMember"/>
</labelLink></linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>11
<FILENAME>refr-20120930_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
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                <p>The sum of the current income tax expense or benefit and the deferred income tax expense or benefit pertaining to continuing operations.</p>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>A fee charged for services from professionals such as doctors, lawyers and accountants. The term is often expanded to include other professions, for example, pharmacists charging to maintain a medicinal profile of a client or customer.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 946<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07.2(a),(b),(c),(d))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6488393&amp;loc=d3e606610-122999<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 946<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br> -Subparagraph (k)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6488370&amp;loc=d3e13550-115849<br><br><br><br></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition<br></strong></div>
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        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
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<p align="justify"><font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2">The Company has entered into a number of license agreements covering its light-control technology. The Company receives minimum annual royalties under certain license agreements and records fee income on a ratable basis each quarter. In instances when sales of licensed products by its licensees exceed minimum annual royalties, the Company recognizes fee income as the amounts have been earned. Certain of the fees are accrued by, or paid to, the Company in advance of the period in which they are earned resulting in deferred revenue. Such excess amounts are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized into income in future periods as earned.</font></p><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>No authoritative reference available.</p>
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                <p>No definition available.</p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EGGAC">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Note Receivable from SPD Control Systems (Details Textual) (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
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      <tr>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>May 09, 2012</div>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod', window );">Debt Instrument, Interest Rate During Period</a></td>
        <td class="nump">10.00%<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate', window );">Debt Instrument, Maturity Date</a></td>
        <td class="text">May
        09,
         2012<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_ConditionalPaymentsOnNotes', window );">Conditional Payments On Notes</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 150,000<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">$ 224,903<span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount funded by notes upon achievement of certain development milestones by the entity during the period.</p>
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                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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                <p>Amount funded by notes upon achievement of certain development milestones by the entity during the period.</p>
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                <p>No definition available.</p>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The price per share of the conversion feature embedded in the debt instrument.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 470<br><br> -SubTopic 20<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928298&amp;loc=SL6031898-161870<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name FASB Staff Position (FSP)<br><br> -Number APB14-1<br><br> -Paragraph 32<br><br> -Subparagraph b<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The average effective interest rate during the reporting period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 835<br><br> -SubTopic 30<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6451184&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 22<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22(a)(1))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Date when the debt instrument is scheduled to be fully repaid, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 22<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22(a)(2))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 129<br><br> -Paragraph 2, 4<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
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    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0ELPAC">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Investments (Details) (USD $)<br></strong></div>
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        <th class="th" colspan="3">9 Months Ended</th>
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        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Dec. 31, 2011</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012

</div>
          <div>Certificate Of Deposits One [Member]</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012

</div>
          <div>Certificate Of Deposits Two [Member]</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012

</div>
          <div>Certificate Of Deposits Three [Member]</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent', window );">Investments- Amount</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 251,417<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 300,000<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 500,000<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1', window );">Maturity Date</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">Jun. 29,
         2013<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">Oct.
        06,
         2012<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">Dec. 29,
         2012<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent', window );">Value of Held to Maturity-Investments (based on cost)</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">251,417<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">300,000<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">500,000<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 1,051,417<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 1,255,056<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The maturity date of the investment.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 12<br><br> -Section 12<br><br> -Sentence Column A<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>invest_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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                </table>
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          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This item represents investments in debt securities which are categorized as held-to-maturity and that have scheduled maturities within one year of the balance sheet date or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer; such investments are measured at amortized cost (carrying value). The held-to-maturity category is for those securities that the Entity has the positive intent and ability to hold until maturity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 115<br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 115<br><br> -Paragraph 11<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6871852&amp;loc=d3e26626-111562<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 43<br><br> -Section A<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -Chapter 3<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 115<br><br> -Paragraph 17<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 115<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 115<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 115<br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 115<br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 25<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (c)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7534914&amp;loc=d3e22054-111558<br><br><br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 43<br><br> -Section A<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -Chapter 3<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total debt and equity financial instruments including: (1) securities held-to-maturity, (2) trading securities, and (3) securities available-for-sale which are intended to be held for less than one year or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361293&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.2)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6871852&amp;loc=d3e26626-111562<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EFPAC">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Subsequent Event (Details Textual) (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues</a></td>
        <td class="nump">2,489,227<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod', window );">Warrants Issued To Investors During Period</a></td>
        <td class="nump">497,846<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Subsequent Event [Member]</div>
        </td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsDate', window );">Subsequent Event, Date</a></td>
        <td class="text">Oct.
        03,
         2012<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues</a></td>
        <td class="nump">1,250,000<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod', window );">Warrants Issued To Investors During Period</a></td>
        <td class="nump">250,000<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriodPricePerShare', window );">Warrants Issued To Investors During Period Price Per Share</a></td>
        <td class="nump"> 4.49<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromWarrantExercises', window );">Proceeds from Warrant Exercises</a></td>
        <td class="nump"> 5,612,500<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_WarrantsExercisePriceOnClosingDate', window );">Warrants Exercise Price On Closing Date</a></td>
        <td class="nump"> 6.73<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_WarrantsOfferingPricePercentage', window );">Warrants Offering Price Percentage</a></td>
        <td class="nump">150.00%<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_refr_WarrantsExercisePriceOnClosingDate">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Per share of warrants exercise price on closing date.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_WarrantsExercisePriceOnClosingDate</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>refr_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:perShareItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Warrants issued to investors during period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>refr_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Price per share of warrants issued to investors during period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriodPricePerShare</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>refr_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:perShareItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_refr_WarrantsOfferingPricePercentage">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Percentage of warrants offering price during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_WarrantsOfferingPricePercentage</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>refr_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:percentItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromWarrantExercises">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow associated with the amount received from holders exercising their stock warrants.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProceedsFromWarrantExercises</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6959260&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 29, 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB)<br><br> -Number 12<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsDate">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Date the event occurred after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issues or available to be issued, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 855<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6842918&amp;loc=SL6314017-165662<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_SubsequentEventsDate</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
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          </td>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EGD">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value Measurements (Details Textual) (USD $)<br>In Millions, unless otherwise specified</strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Assets, Fair Value Disclosure</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 9.0<span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This element represents the aggregate of the assets reported on the balance sheet at period end measured at fair value by the entity. This element is intended to be used in connection with the fair value disclosures required in the footnote disclosures to the financial statements.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 820<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7578670&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                    <td>instant</td>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Patent Costs<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Intangible Assets Disclosure [Text Block]</a></td>
        <td class="text"><p align="justify"><u><font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2">Patent Costs</font></u><font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"> </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2">The Company expenses costs relating to the development or acquisition of patents due to the uncertainty of the recoverability of these items.</font></p><span></span></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for all or part of the information related to intangible assets.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 142<br><br> -Paragraph 44, 45, 46<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 350<br><br> -SubTopic 30<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7658586&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 350<br><br> -SubTopic 30<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7658586&amp;loc=d3e16373-109275<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 350<br><br> -SubTopic 30<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7658586&amp;loc=d3e16265-109275<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
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                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EPYAE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Dec. 31, 2011</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 7,965,754<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 2,403,364<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent', window );">Short term investments</a></td>
        <td class="nump">1,051,417<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,255,056<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_RoyaltyReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Royalty receivables, net of reserve of $92,723 in both periods</a></td>
        <td class="nump">573,781<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">334,050<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">73,615<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">169,634<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Note receivable SPD Control Systems</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">150,000<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total current assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">9,664,567<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">4,312,104<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Fixed assets, net</a></td>
        <td class="nump">66,929<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">82,428<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent', window );">Deposits and other assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">22,605<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">22,605<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">9,754,101<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">4,417,137<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
        <td class="nump">143,420<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">96,146<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent', window );">Deferred revenue</a></td>
        <td class="nump">78,124<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">25,000<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities', window );">Accrued expenses and other</a></td>
        <td class="nump">122,406<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">188,793<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total liabilities</a></td>
        <td class="nump">343,950<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">309,939<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies', window );">Commitments and Contingencies</a></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' equity:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Capital stock, par value $0.0001 per share; authorized 100,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding 21,396,782 and 18,544,355 shares, respectively</a></td>
        <td class="nump">2,140<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,854<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
        <td class="nump">96,275,632<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">88,513,630<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
        <td class="num">(86,867,621)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(84,408,286)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total shareholders' equity</a></td>
        <td class="nump">9,410,151<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">4,107,198<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total liabilities and shareholders' equity</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 9,754,101<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 4,417,137<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Also includes aggregate carrying amount, as of the balance sheet date, of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered and of liabilities not separately disclosed in the balance sheet. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>refr_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Carrying value of amounts transferred to third parties for security purposes that are expected to be returned or applied towards payment after one year or beyond the operating cycle, if longer. Also includes aggregate carrying amount, as of the balance sheet date, of noncurrent assets not separately disclosed in the balance sheet. Noncurrent assets are expected to be realized or consumed after one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>refr_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_refr_RoyaltyReceivablesNetCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amounts due from customers or clients, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer) for royalty.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_RoyaltyReceivablesNetCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>refr_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Value received from shareholders in common stock-related transactions that are in excess of par value or stated value and amounts received from other stock-related transactions. Includes only common stock transactions (excludes preferred stock transactions). May be called contributed capital, capital in excess of par, capital surplus, or paid-in capital.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 31<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.30(a)(1))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 12<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts (CON)<br><br><br><br> -Number 6<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 18<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.18)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_Assets</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AssetsAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.9)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361293&amp;loc=d3e6801-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361293&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361293&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Glossary Cash Equivalents<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6507016<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br><br><br> -Number 95<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 8, 9<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br><br><br> -Number 95<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 7, 26<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Glossary Cash<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6506951<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 230<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br><br><br> -Number 95<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br><br><br> -Footnote 1<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Represents the caption on the face of the balance sheet to indicate that the entity has entered into (1) purchase or supply arrangements that will require expending a portion of its resources to meet the terms thereof, and (2) is exposed to potential losses or, less frequently, gains, arising from (a) possible claims against a company's resources due to future performance under contract terms, and (b) possible losses or likely gains from uncertainties that will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events that are deemed likely to occur do occur or fail to occur.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 944<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 210<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.(a),19)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.25)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 450<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 20<br><br><br><br> -Section 50<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6952336&amp;loc=d3e14326-108349<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br><br><br> -Number 5<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 8, 9<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 17<br><br><br><br> -Article 9<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 942<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 210<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.17)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommonStockValue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The carrying amount of consideration received or receivable as of the balance sheet date on potential earnings that were not recognized as revenue in conformity with GAAP, and which are expected to be recognized as such within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, including sales, license fees, and royalties, but excluding interest income.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br><br><br> -Number 43<br><br><br><br> -Section A<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 7, 8<br><br><br><br> -Chapter 3<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 605<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 13.A.4(a).Q1)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6600647&amp;loc=d3e214044-122780<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361293&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br><br><br> -Number Topic 13<br><br><br><br> -Section A<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total of all Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity items (or Partners' Capital, as applicable), including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.32)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 32<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.21)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 21<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total debt and equity financial instruments including: (1) securities held-to-maturity, (2) trading securities, and (3) securities available-for-sale which are intended to be held for less than one year or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (f)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361293&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.2)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 320<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6871852&amp;loc=d3e26626-111562<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent</nobr></td>
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                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amounts due from parties associated with the reporting entity as evidenced by a written promise to pay, due within 1 year (or 1 business cycle).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 08<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph k<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Article 4<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br><br><br> -Number 57<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph d<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.3(a)(2))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 235<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6881521&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 850<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 50<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (d)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Glossary Related Parties<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=16382449<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The total of the amounts paid in advance for capitalized costs that will be expensed with the passage of time or the occurrence of a triggering event, and will be charged against earnings within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, and the aggregate carrying amount of current assets, as of the balance sheet date, not separately presented elsewhere in the balance sheet. Current assets are expected to be realized or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361293&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br><br><br> -Number 43<br><br><br><br> -Section A<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br><br><br> -Chapter 3<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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              </div>
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          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount, net of accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization, of long-lived physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, furniture and fixtures, and computer equipment.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br><br><br> -Number 12<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph b, c<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 360<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 50<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.13)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.31(a)(3))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB)<br><br><br><br> -Number 12<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 31<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 04<br><br><br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 29, 30, 31<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br><br><br> -Number 51<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph A3<br><br><br><br> -Appendix A<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 310<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 4.E)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6228006&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br><br><br> -Number Topic 4<br><br><br><br> -Section E<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                    <td>credit</td>
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                    <td>instant</td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Basis of Presentation<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting', window );">Basis of Accounting [Text Block]</a></td>
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<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">The accompanying unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (&#8220;GAAP&#8221;) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2012. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K relating to Research Frontiers Incorporated (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.</font></p><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for the basis of accounting, or basis of presentation, used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EXNAE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fee Income (Details Textual)<br></strong></div>
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      <tr>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
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        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2011</div>
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      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Licensee One [Member]</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee', window );">Percentage Of Fee Income Recognised Licencee</a></td>
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          <div class="a">Licensee Two [Member]</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee', window );">Percentage Of Fee Income Recognised Licencee</a></td>
        <td class="nump">5.00%<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">15.00%<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Licensee Three [Member]</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee', window );">Percentage Of Fee Income Recognised Licencee</a></td>
        <td class="nump">5.00%<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">14.00%<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Licensee Four [Member]</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_PercentageOfFeeIncomeRecognisedLicencee', window );">Percentage Of Fee Income Recognised Licencee</a></td>
        <td class="nump">4.00%<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Licensee Five [Member]</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">3.00%<span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Percentage of fee income, representing the amount earned by the entity under licenses and other agreements relating to technology developed by the company, received from one of the licencee during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EQVAG">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Details Textual) (USD $)<br></strong></div>
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        <th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2011</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2011</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012

</div>
          <div>Director [Member]</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012

</div>
          <div>Employee [Member]</div>
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        <th class="th">
          <div>Mar. 31, 2012

</div>
          <div>Consultant [Member]</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012

</div>
          <div>Consultant [Member]</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012

</div>
          <div>Consultant [Member]</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012

</div>
          <div>Warrant [Member]</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2011

</div>
          <div>Warrant [Member]</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012

</div>
          <div>Warrant [Member]</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2011

</div>
          <div>Warrant [Member]</div>
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        <th class="th">
          <div>Dec. 31, 2009

</div>
          <div>Warrant [Member]</div>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other Than Options, Grants In Period</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">363,200<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">96,500<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">5,100<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">30,000<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">175,000<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1', window );">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">36 months<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">27 months<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">59 months<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardSharesIssuedInPeriod', window );">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Shares Issued In Period</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">261,600<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue', window );">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other Than Options, Grants In Period, Intrinsic Value</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 3.38<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 6.00<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax', window );">Allocated Share-Based Compensation Expense, Net Of Tax</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 132,645<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 94,940<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 741,279<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 631,535<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 997<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 9,888<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 72,176<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 9,560<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 36,371<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 64,292<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_UnamortisedOptionBasedCompensationCosts', window );">Unamortised Option Based Compensation Costs</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 1,045,759<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of unamortised compensation costs capitalized at the end of the reporting period that are expected to be recognised.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                <p>The amount of expense, net of income tax, recognized during the period arising from equity-based compensation arrangements (for example, shares of stock, unit, stock options or other equity instruments) with employees, directors and certain consultants qualifying for treatment as employees.</p>
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                <p>Period which an employee's right to exercise an award is no longer contingent on satisfaction of either a service condition, market condition or a performance condition, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p>
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                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>The number of grants made during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p>
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                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(1)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 123R<br><br> -Paragraph A240<br><br> -Subparagraph b(2)(c)<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>The intrinsic value of equity-based payment equity instruments, excluding stock or unit options, granted during the reporting period as calculated by applying the disclosed option pricing methodology.</p>
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                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(1)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 123R<br><br> -Paragraph A240<br><br> -Subparagraph c(1)<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 123R<br><br> -Paragraph A240<br><br> -Subparagraph b(2)(c)<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>Number of share instruments newly issued under a share-based compensation plan.</p>
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                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 123R<br><br> -Paragraph 65<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 123R<br><br> -Paragraph A240<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business<br></strong></div>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
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<p align="justify"><font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2">Research Frontiers Incorporated (&#8220;Research Frontiers&#8221; or the &#8220;Company&#8221;) operates in a single business segment which is engaged in the development and marketing of technology and devices to control the flow of light. Such devices, often referred to as &#8220;light valves&#8221; or suspended particle devices (SPDs), use colloidal particles that are either incorporated within a liquid suspension or a film, which is usually enclosed between two sheets of glass or plastic having transparent, electrically conductive coatings on the facing surfaces thereof. At least one of the two sheets is transparent. SPD technology, made possible by a flexible light-control film invented by Research Frontiers, allows the user to instantly and precisely control the shading of glass/plastic manually or automatically. SPD technology has numerous product applications, including: SPD-Smart&#8482; windows, sunshades, skylights and interior partitions for homes and buildings; automotive windows; sunroofs, sun-visors, sunshades, rear-view mirrors, instrument panels and navigation systems; aircraft windows; eyewear products; and flat panel displays for electronic products. SPD-Smart light control film is now being developed for, or used in, architectural, automotive, marine, aerospace and appliance applications. </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2">The Company has historically utilized its cash and the proceeds from the sale of its investments to fund its research and development of SPD light valves, for marketing initiatives, and for other working capital purposes. The Company&#8217;s working capital and capital requirements depend upon numerous factors, including the results of research and development activities, competitive and technological developments, the timing and cost of patent filings, and the development of new licensees and changes in the Company&#8217;s relationships with its existing licensees. The degree of dependence of the Company&#8217;s working capital requirements on each of the forgoing factors cannot be quantified; increased research and development activities and related costs would increase such requirements; the addition of new licensees may provide additional working capital or working capital requirements, and changes in relationships with existing licensees would have a favorable or negative impact depending up the nature of such changes. There can be no assurance that expenditures will not exceed the anticipated amounts or that additional financing, if required, will be available when needed or, if available, that its terms will be favorable or acceptable to the Company. Eventual success of the Company and generation of positive cash flow will be dependent upon the commercialization of products using the Company&#8217;s technology by the Company&#8217;s licensees and payments of continuing royalties on account thereof. To date, the Company has not generated sufficient revenue from its licensees to fund its operations.</font></p><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for the nature of an entity's business, the major products or services it sells or provides and its principal markets, including the locations of those markets. If the entity operates in more than one business, the disclosure also indicates the relative importance of its operations in each business and the basis for the determination (for example, assets, revenues, or earnings).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EWGAC">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets [Parenthetical] (USD $)<br></strong></div>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
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          <div>Dec. 31, 2011</div>
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        <td class="nump">18,544,355<span></span></td>
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                <p>Face amount or stated value of common stock per share; generally not indicative of the fair market value per share.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 129<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6959260&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB)<br><br> -Number 12<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br><br><br></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0ELE">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Subsequent Event<br></strong></div>
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        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text"><p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman,times"><u>Subsequent Event</u> </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman,times">On October 3, 2012 the Company announced that it has entered into an agreement to sell 1,250,000 shares of its common stock, and warrants to purchase 250,000 shares of its common stock, to an institutional investor. Each share and corresponding warrant was sold at an aggregate price of $4.49, resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $5,612,500. The warrants are exercisable for a period of five years beginning on the six-month anniversary of the closing date at an exercise price of $6.73 per share (approximately 150% of the aggregate offering price). </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman,times">The securities issued in this private placement have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any state securities laws, and were issued and sold in a private placement pursuant to Regulation D of the Securities Act. The Company has agreed to file a registration statement that covers the resale of the shares by the purchaser and the shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants.</font></p><span></span></td>
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                <p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p>
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                <p>No definition available.</p>
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                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation 12B<br><br> -Number 240<br><br> -Section 12b<br><br> -Subsection 1<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: (1) Large Accelerated Filer, (2) Accelerated Filer, (3) Non-accelerated Filer, (4) Smaller Reporting Company (Non-accelerated) or (5) Smaller Reporting Accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_EntityFilerCategory</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation 12B<br><br> -Number 240<br><br> -Section 12b<br><br> -Subsection 1<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_EntityRegistrantName</nobr></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value Measurements<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock', window );">Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]</a></td>
        <td class="text"><p align="justify"><u><font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2">Fair Value Measurements</font></u><font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2"> </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2">We value financial instruments using a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2">Financial assets accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2012 include cash, cash equivalents and short term investments of approximately $9.0 million. The carrying value of these assets approximates fair value due to the short term maturity of these instruments.</font></p><span></span></td>
      </tr>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 16<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7491637&amp;loc=d3e13504-108611<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 107<br><br> -Paragraph 15C, 15D<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 133<br><br> -Paragraph 44A, 44B<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 107<br><br> -Paragraph 15A<br><br> -Subparagraph a-d<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 107<br><br> -Paragraph 3, 10, 14, 15<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7491637&amp;loc=d3e13433-108611<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 159<br><br> -Paragraph 17-22, 27, 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 21<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7491637&amp;loc=d3e13537-108611<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 107<br><br> -Paragraph 15B<br><br> -Subparagraph a, b<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 157<br><br> -Paragraph 32, 33, 34<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 820<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7578670&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br><br><br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6957238&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br><br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6957238&amp;loc=d3e14172-108612<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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                    <td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
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          </td>
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  </body>
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</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>31
<FILENAME>R4.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EFTAE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Operations (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2011</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2011</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue', window );">Fee income</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 471,886<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 207,200<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 1,405,292<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 492,048<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Operating expenses</a></td>
        <td class="nump">972,300<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">678,640<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">3,263,891<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">2,741,042<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development</a></td>
        <td class="nump">369,374<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">340,960<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,238,764<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,080,020<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total Expenses</a></td>
        <td class="nump">1,341,674<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,019,600<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">4,502,655<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">3,821,062<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating loss</a></td>
        <td class="num">(869,788)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(812,400)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(3,097,363)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(3,329,014)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest', window );">Net investment income</a></td>
        <td class="nump">3,324<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">10,560<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">24,631<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">18,771<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Loss before income tax benefit</a></td>
        <td class="num">(866,464)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(801,840)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(3,072,732)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(3,310,243)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Income tax benefit</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">613,397<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
        <td class="num">$ (866,464)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (801,840)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (2,459,335)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (3,310,243)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted loss per common share (in dollars per share)</a></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.04)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.04)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.13)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.18)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding (in shares)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">20,013,221<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">18,544,355<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">19,278,801<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">18,535,913<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating basic and diluted EPS.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingBasicAndDiluted</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>refr_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The amount of net income or loss for the period per each share in instances when basic and diluted earnings per share are the same amount and reported as a single line item on the face of the financial statements.  Basic earnings per share is the amount of net income or loss for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.  Diluted earnings per share includes the amount of net income or loss for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:perShareItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate total of expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This element represents the income or loss from continuing operations attributable to the economic entity which may also be defined as revenue less expenses from ongoing operations, after income or loss from equity method investments, but before income taxes, extraordinary items, and noncontrolling interest.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The sum of the current income tax expense or benefit and the deferred income tax expense or benefit pertaining to continuing operations.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 740<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br> -Subparagraph (a),(b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6907707&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 109<br><br> -Paragraph 45<br><br> -Subparagraph a, b<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 235<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6881521&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 08<br><br> -Paragraph h<br><br> -Article 4<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Income Tax Expense (or Benefit)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6515339<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Income derived from investments in debt securities and on cash and cash equivalents the earnings of which reflect the time value of money or transactions in which the payments are for the use or forbearance of money.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 115<br><br> -Paragraph 14<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(b))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Revenue earned during the period relating to consideration received from another party for the right to use, but not own, certain of the entity's intangible assets. Licensing arrangements include, but are not limited to, rights to use a patent, copyright, technology, manufacturing process, software or trademark. Licensing fees are generally, but not always, fixed as to amount and not dependent upon the revenue generated by the licensing party. An entity may receive licensing fees for licenses that also generate royalty payments to the entity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.1(e))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LicensesRevenue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 260<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.22)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Other Comprehensive Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6519514<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.18)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 130<br><br> -Paragraph 10, 15<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Paragraph 20<br><br> -Article 9<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Net Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6518256<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF)<br><br> -Number 87-21<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28, 29, 30<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.19)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 220<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 6<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=20435746&amp;loc=d3e565-108580<br><br><br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph A7<br><br> -Appendix A<br><br><br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 38<br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 38<br><br> -Subparagraph d<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
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                <p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p>
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                <p>No definition available.</p>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate costs incurred (1) in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or (2) to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process whether intended for sale or the entity's use, during the reporting period charged to research and development projects, including the costs of developing computer software up to the point in time of achieving technological feasibility, and costs allocated in accounting for a business combination to in-process projects deemed to have no alternative future use.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes<br></strong></div>
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        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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      <tr>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs, Share-Based Payments [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Since inception, the Company has incurred losses from operations and as a result has not recorded income tax expense. Benefits related to net operating loss carryforwards and deferred items have been fully reserved since it was not more likely than not that the Company would achieve profitable operations.</font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">The Company applied for state research and development refundable credits for the years ended December 31, 2006 through 2009. In April 2012, the Company received $613,397 relating to these credits for the years 2006 through 2009, which is reflected as income tax benefit in the accompanying statement of operations. The Company currently does not expect to collect additional credits for years subsequent to 2009. In addition, $61,340 is included in operating expenses on the accompanying statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 relating to professional fees paid in connection with securing these refundable credits.</font></p><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 109<br><br> -Paragraph 136, 172<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 235<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6881521&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 08<br><br> -Paragraph h<br><br> -Article 4<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 740<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 15<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6907707&amp;loc=d3e32718-109319<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 109<br><br> -Paragraph 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 740<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6907707&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 740<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6907707&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 740<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6907707&amp;loc=d3e32559-109319<br><br><br><br></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation<br></strong></div>
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        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text"><p align="justify"><u><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Stock-Based Compensation</font></u><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"> </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">GAAP requires that all stock-based compensation be recognized as an expense in the financial statements and that such costs be measured at the fair value of the award.</font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">No options were granted during the first nine months of 2011. On March 1, 2012, the Company granted options covering 30,000 shares to a consultant. These options vest ratably over the next 24 months and are marked to market quarterly using the Black Scholes method. During the nine and three months ended September 30, 2012, $9,888 and $997 were respectively charged to operations reflecting the fair value of the options.</font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">During the first nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company granted 363,200 shares of common stock to its directors and employees. All of the 96,500 shares granted to the directors, as well as 5,100 shares granted to employees, vested immediately upon grant. The remaining 261,600 shares issued to employees vest ratably over the 36 months following grant. The market value per share on the date of grant was $3.38. In connection with these grants, as well as prior grants that are not yet fully vested, the Company charged $741,279 and $631,535 to operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011and $132,645 and $94,940 during the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011. </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">The Company also granted 175,000 warrants at an exercise price of $6.00 to consultants during 2009. These warrants vest ratably over 59 months. These warrants are valued at fair value at the time that the related services are provided using the Black-Scholes method and marked to market quarterly using the Black Scholes method. The Company incurred a charge of $36,371 and $64,292 during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively and a charge of $72,176 and $9,560 during the three months ended September 30, 2012.</font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">The fair value of options and warrants using the Black Scholes method were calculated using the following assumptions.</font></p>
<table style="line-height: 14pt; width: 20%; border-collapse: collapse;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="81%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Risk free interest rate&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="18%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">0.3%</font></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" width="81%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Option life</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right;" width="18%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">1-5 years</font></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="81%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Volatility</font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="18%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">51% - 53%</font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">As of September 30, 2012, remaining unamortized compensation costs in connection with these grants and warrants was $1,045,759 which will be recognized over the next 27 month period.</font></p><span></span></td>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br> -Number Topic 14<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 50<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6406099&amp;loc=d3e25284-112666<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Statement of Position (SOP)<br><br> -Number 93-6<br><br> -Paragraph 53<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 40<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6418621&amp;loc=d3e17540-113929<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 123R<br><br> -Paragraph 64, 65, A240<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5444-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0E3HAC">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Details)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
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      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate', window );">Risk free interest rate</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0.30%<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
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      <tr class="rh">
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          <div class="a">Minimum [Member]</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">1 year<span></span></td>
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          <div class="a">Maximum [Member]</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">5 years<span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Expected term of share-based compensation awards, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 14.D.2)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6793087&amp;loc=d3e301413-122809<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(i)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br> -Number Topic 14<br><br> -Section D<br><br> -Subsection 2<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The estimated measure of the maximum percentage by which a share price is expected to fluctuate during a period. Volatility also may be defined as a probability-weighted measure of the dispersion of returns about the mean. The volatility of a share price is the standard deviation of the continuously compounded rates of return on the share over a specified period. That is the same as the standard deviation of the differences in the natural logarithms of the stock prices plus dividends, if any, over the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The estimated measure of the minimum percentage by which a share price is expected to fluctuate during a period. Volatility also may be defined as a probability-weighted measure of the dispersion of returns about the mean. The volatility of a share price is the standard deviation of the continuously compounded rates of return on the share over a specified period. That is the same as the standard deviation of the differences in the natural logarithms of the stock prices plus dividends, if any, over the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum</nobr></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The risk-free interest rate assumption that is used in valuing an option on its own shares.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(iv)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 123R<br><br> -Paragraph A240<br><br> -Subparagraph e(2)(d)<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate</nobr></td>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs, Share-Based Payments [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock', window );">Disclosure of Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award [Table Text Block]</a></td>
        <td class="text"><p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">The fair value of options and warrants using the Black Scholes method were calculated using the following assumptions.</font></p>
<table style="line-height: 14pt; width: 20%; border-collapse: collapse;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="81%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Risk free interest rate&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="18%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">0.3%</font></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" width="81%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Option life</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right;" width="18%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">1-5 years</font></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="81%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Volatility</font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="18%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">51% - 53%</font></td>
</tr>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Tabular disclosure of components of a stock option or other award plan under which equity-based compensation is awarded to employees, typically comprised of the amount of unearned compensation (deferred compensation cost), compensation expense, and changes in the quantity and fair value of the shares (or other type of equity) granted, exercised, forfeited, and issued and outstanding pertaining to that plan.  Disclosure may also include nature and general terms of such arrangements that existed during the period and potential effects of those arrangements on shareholders, effect of compensation cost arising from equity-based payment arrangements on the income statement, method of estimating the fair value of the goods or services received, or the fair value of the equity instruments granted, during the period, cash flow effects resulting from equity-based payment arrangements and, for registrants that accelerate vesting of out of the money share options, reasons for the decision to accelerate.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 123R<br><br> -Paragraph 64, 65, A240<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock</nobr></td>
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<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Investments<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_InvestmentsInMarketableSecuritiesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Investments In Marketable Securities Disclosure [Text Block]</a></td>
        <td class="text"><p align="justify"><u><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Investments</font></u></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">The Company classifies investments in marketable securities as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity at the time of purchase and periodically re-evaluates such classifications. Trading securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses included in earnings. Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at cost and are adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts over the life of the related security. Unrealized holding gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until realized. In determining realized gains and losses, the cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. Interest and dividends on the investments are accrued at the balance sheet date. At September 30, 2012, all investments were classified as held to maturity and consisted of the following: </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Certificate of Deposit: </font></p>
<div align="center">
<table style="line-height: 14pt; width: 70%; border-collapse: collapse;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Investments</font></font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Maturity</font></font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="4%" colspan="4" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Value of Held to Maturity</font></font></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center;" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Amount</font></font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Date</font></font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center;" width="4%" colspan="4" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Investments (based on cost)</font></font></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font></font></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">251,417</font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td align="right" style="text-align: right;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">6-29-13</font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">251,417</font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></font></td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">300,000</font></font></td>
<td align="right" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" style="text-align: right;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">&#160;&#160;10-6-12</font></font></td>
<td align="right" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></font></td>
<td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">300,000</font></font></td>
<td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></font></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">500,000</font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" style="text-align: right;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">12-29-12</font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td align="left" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></font></td>
<td align="right" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">500,000</font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" style="border-bottom: #000000 2pt double;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></font></td>
<td align="right" style="border-bottom: #000000 2pt double;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">1,051,417</font></font></td>
</tr>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure of investments in certain debt and equity securities (and certain other trading assets) which include all debt and equity securities (other than those equity securities accounted for under the equity or cost methods of accounting) with readily determinable fair values. Other trading assets include assets that are carried on the balance sheet at fair value and held for trading purposes. A debt security represents a creditor relationship with an enterprise that is in the form of a security. Debt securities include, among other items, US Treasury securities, US government securities, municipal securities, corporate bonds, convertible debt, commercial paper, and all securitized debt instruments. An equity security represents an ownership interest in an enterprise or the right to acquire or dispose of an ownership interest in an enterprise at fixed or determinable prices. Equity securities include, among other things, common stock, certain preferred stock, warrant rights, call options, and put options, but do not include convertible debt. An entity may opt to provide the reader with additional narrative text to better understand the nature of investments in debt and equity securities (and other trading assets).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract', window );"><strong>Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_StockholdersEquityNoteTextBlock', window );">Stockholders Equity Note [Text Block]</a></td>
        <td class="text"><p align="justify"><u><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Equity</font></u><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"> </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">During 2012 the Company sold, pursuant to an effective registration statement filed with the SEC, equity in the Company as follows: </font><font style="font-family:times new roman"></font></p>
<table style="line-height: 14pt; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; border-left: #000000 1pt solid; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">&#160;&#160; Date</font></td>
<td align="center" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="7%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Shares issued</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="8%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Warrants issued</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Unit price</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center; border-top: #000000 1pt solid; border-right: #000000 1pt solid;" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Proceeds</font></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">July 30, 2012</font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">589,227</font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">117,846</font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"></font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$2.97</font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">1,745,549</font></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">*</font></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">August 28, 2012</font></td>
<td align="right" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">1,900,000</font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">380,000</font></td>
<td align="right" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"></font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$2.97</font></td>
<td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></td>
<td align="right" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">5,229,201</font></td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">**</font></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="100%" colspan="14">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="100%" colspan="14">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Total</font></td>
<td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: right; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 5%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">2,489,227</font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: center; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 6%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">497,846</font></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: right; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 1%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: right; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 4%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">6,974,750</font></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
</tr>
</table>
<div>&#160;</div>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">*Net of fees of $4,455 </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">** Net of fees of $413,719 </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">During the first nine months of 2011 the Company received proceeds of $65,977 in connection with the exercises of outstanding options and warrants. </font></p><span></span></td>
      </tr>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity, comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest excluding treasury stock.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">The Company did not repurchase any of its stock during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 or September 30, 2011.</font></p><span></span></td>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for an entity's treasury stock, including the average cost per share, carrying basis for each class of treasury stock, description of share repurchase program authorized by an entity's board of directors, the number of shares repurchased, the cost of the shares repurchased, the remaining maximum dollar value of shares available for repurchase under the program, the treatment of the purchase price in excess of the current market value, number of shares held for each class of treasury stock, and other information necessary to a fair presentation.</p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Note Receivable from SPD Control Systems<br></strong></div>
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<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">On May 9, 2007, the Company began participating in the funding of the ongoing development of automotive controllers by SPD Control Systems Corp., a licensee of the Company. This development work is to produce the electronic controllers to operate SPD-Smart automotive windows and glass roof systems for one or more of the top five automotive makers in the world. The Company&#8217;s funding of this project is reflected in the form of a senior secured convertible promissory note (the &#8220;Note&#8221;) of SPD Control Systems Corp. held by Research Frontiers&#8217; wholly-owned subsidiary, SPD Enterprises Inc. The Note bore interest at 10% per annum, was secured by all of the assets (including intellectual property) of SPD Control Systems. The Note provided for funding of up to $150,000 by SPD Enterprises based upon the achievement of certain development milestones by SPD Control Systems. As part of a broader agreement between SPD Control Systems and the Company, effective as of May 9, 2010, the maturity date of this Note was extended to May 9, 2012 and the applicable conversion price for the Note was specified as $0.25 per share of SPD Control Systems stock through May 9, 2012 and $0.10 per share thereafter. On March 30, 2012, SPD Control Systems paid Research Frontiers $224,903 in full payment of the principal and accrued interest on the note.</font></p><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for claims held for amounts due a entity, excluding financing receivables. Examples include, but are not limited to, trade accounts receivables, notes receivables, loans receivables. Includes disclosure for allowance for credit losses.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 235<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6881521&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 3, 4<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 310<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7512638&amp;loc=d3e5074-111524<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 310<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 11<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7512638&amp;loc=d3e5162-111524<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.3,4)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 08<br><br> -Paragraph k<br><br> -Article 4<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Statement of Position (SOP)<br><br> -Number 01-6<br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br> -Subparagraph d<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 310<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7512638&amp;loc=d3e5066-111524<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br> -Article 9<br><br><br><br></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Investments (Tables)<br></strong></div>
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        <td class="text"><p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">At September 30, 2012, all investments were classified as held to maturity and consisted of the following: </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Certificate of Deposit: </font></p>
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<td style="text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Maturity</font></font></td>
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<td style="text-align: center;" width="4%" colspan="4" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Value of Held to Maturity</font></font></td>
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<td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center;" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Amount</font></font></td>
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<td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Date</font></font></td>
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<td style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center;" width="4%" colspan="4" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Investments (based on cost)</font></font></td>
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<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font></font></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">251,417</font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td align="right" style="text-align: right;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">6-29-13</font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">251,417</font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></font></td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">300,000</font></font></td>
<td align="right" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" style="text-align: right;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">&#160;&#160;10-6-12</font></font></td>
<td align="right" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></font></td>
<td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">300,000</font></font></td>
<td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></font></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">500,000</font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" style="text-align: right;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">12-29-12</font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td align="left" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></font></td>
<td align="right" style="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">500,000</font></font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" width="45%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" width="48%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" style="border-bottom: #000000 2pt double;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></font></td>
<td align="right" style="border-bottom: #000000 2pt double;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="+0"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">1,051,417</font></font></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Tabular disclosure of all investments in certain debt and equity securities for which the entity has the positive intent and ability to hold until maturity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 815<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6435544&amp;loc=d3e41834-113960<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 310<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7512638&amp;loc=d3e5086-111524<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 115<br><br> -Paragraph 137<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6872113&amp;loc=d3e27232-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6872113&amp;loc=d3e27337-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6872113&amp;loc=d3e27405-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 942<br><br> -SubTopic 320<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6957658&amp;loc=d3e62586-112803<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 942<br><br> -SubTopic 320<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6957658&amp;loc=d3e62557-112803<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 6<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6872113&amp;loc=d3e27290-111563<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EWRAE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity (Details) (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="3">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2011</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Shares issued (in shares)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">2,489,227<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod', window );">Warrants issued (in shares)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">497,846<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock', window );">Proceeds</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 6,974,750<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 0<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">July 30, 2012 [Member]</div>
        </td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Shares issued (in shares)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">589,227<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod', window );">Warrants issued (in shares)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">117,846<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPricePerShare', window );">Unit price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 2.97<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock', window );">Proceeds</a></td>
        <td class="nump">1,745,549<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">August 28, 2012 [Member]</div>
        </td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Shares issued (in shares)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">1,900,000<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod', window );">Warrants issued (in shares)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">380,000<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPricePerShare', window );">Unit price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 2.97<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock', window );">Proceeds</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 5,229,201<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      <tr>
        <td colspan="4"></td>
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      <tr>
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              <td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">[1]</td>
              <td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Net of fees of $4,455</td>
            </tr>
            <tr class="outerFootnote">
              <td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">[2]</td>
              <td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Net of fees of $413,719</td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Price per share of stock issued to investors during period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Warrants issued to investors during period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow from the additional capital contribution to the entity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Financing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6513228<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 18<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 14<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock</nobr></td>
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                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td>duration</td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6959260&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 29, 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB)<br><br> -Number 12<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
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end

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>43
<FILENAME>R5.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EB2AE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2011</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from operating activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
        <td class="num">$ (2,459,335)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (3,310,243)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
        <td class="nump">26,108<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">29,597<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
        <td class="nump">787,538<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">695,827<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInUncollectibleRoyaltyReceivable', window );">Recovery of uncollectible royalty receivable</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(30,000)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in assets and liabilities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltyReceivables', window );">Royalty receivables</a></td>
        <td class="num">(239,731)<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">255,222<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets', window );">Prepaid expenses and other assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">21,116<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">40,141<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue', window );">Deferred revenue</a></td>
        <td class="nump">53,124<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">64,841<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities', window );">Accounts payable and accrued expenses</a></td>
        <td class="num">(19,113)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(44,632)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities', window );">Net cash used in operating activities</a></td>
        <td class="num">(1,830,293)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(2,299,247)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from investing activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Purchase of fixed assets</a></td>
        <td class="num">(10,609)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(8,726)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments', window );">Change in short term investments</a></td>
        <td class="nump">203,639<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(2,000,000)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties', window );">Note and interest receivable on SPD Control Systems</a></td>
        <td class="nump">224,903<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities', window );">Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities</a></td>
        <td class="nump">417,933<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(2,008,726)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from financing activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock', window );">Net proceeds from the sale of stock</a></td>
        <td class="nump">6,974,750<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised', window );">Net proceeds from the exercise of options or warrants</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">65,977<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities', window );">Net cash provided by financing activities</a></td>
        <td class="nump">6,974,750<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">65,977<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease', window );">Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
        <td class="nump">5,562,390<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(4,241,996)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year</a></td>
        <td class="nump">2,403,364<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">6,957,544<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents at end of period</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 7,965,754<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 2,715,548<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in amount due within one year (or one business cycle) from Royalty.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltyReceivables</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The total amount of change during the period to uncollectible royalty receivable.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_IncreaseDecreaseInUncollectibleRoyaltyReceivable</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</nobr></td>
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                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361293&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Cash Equivalents<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6507016<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 8, 9<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 7, 26<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Cash<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6506951<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br> -Footnote 1<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are the amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate expense recognized in the current period that allocates the cost of tangible assets, intangible assets, or depleting assets to periods that benefit from use of the assets.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amounts payable to vendors for goods and services received and the amount of obligations and expenses incurred but not paid.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period, excluding the portion taken into income, in the liability reflecting revenue yet to be earned for which cash or other forms of consideration was received or recorded as a receivable.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the value of prepaid expenses and other assets not separately disclosed in the statement of cash flows, for example, deferred expenses, intangible assets, or income taxes.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The net cash inflow or outflow from financing activity for the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3574-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
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              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
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        <tr>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The net cash inflow or outflow from investing activity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3574-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
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              </div>
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          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The net cash from (used in) all of the entity's operating activities, including those of discontinued operations, of the reporting entity. Operating activities generally involve producing and delivering goods and providing services. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value that are not defined as investing or financing activities. While for technical reasons this element has no balance attribute, the default assumption is a debit balance consistent with its label.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 260<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.22)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Other Comprehensive Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6519514<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.18)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 130<br><br> -Paragraph 10, 15<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Paragraph 20<br><br> -Article 9<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Net Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6518256<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF)<br><br> -Number 87-21<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28, 29, 30<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.19)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 220<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 6<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=20435746&amp;loc=d3e565-108580<br><br><br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph A7<br><br> -Appendix A<br><br><br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 38<br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 38<br><br> -Subparagraph d<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 15<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Investing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6516133<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br> -Subparagraph (c)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 17<br><br> -Subparagraph c<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash outflow for securities or other assets acquired, which qualify for treatment as an investing activity and are to be liquidated, if necessary, within the current operating cycle. Includes cash flows from securities classified as trading securities that were acquired for reasons other than sale in the short-term.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 159<br><br> -Section Appendix C<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -Subparagraph c<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Investing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6516133<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 15, 17<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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          </td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow from the additional capital contribution to the entity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Financing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6513228<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 18<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 14<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow associated with the amount received from holders exercising their stock options. This item inherently excludes any excess tax benefit, which the entity may have realized and reported separately.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 123R<br><br> -Paragraph A240<br><br> -Subparagraph i<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 14<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Financing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6513228<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 18<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (j)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                    <td>duration</td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow from a loan, supported by a promissory note, granted to related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Financing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6513228<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 18, 19, 20<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 14<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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                    <td>duration</td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate amount of noncash, equity-based employee remuneration. This may include the value of stock or unit options, amortization of restricted stock or units, and adjustment for officers' compensation. As noncash, this element is an add back when calculating net cash generated by operating activities using the indirect method.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fee Income<br></strong></div>
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      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_FeeIncomeDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Fee Income Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<p align="justify"><font style="font-family: times new roman;" size="2">Fee income represents amounts earned by the Company under various license and other agreements relating to technology developed by the Company. During the first nine months of 2012, five licensees of the Company accounted for approximately 68%, 5%, 5%, 4% and 3%, respectively, of fee income recognized during such period. During the first nine months of 2011, five licensees of the Company accounted for approximately 26%, 15%, 14%, 10% and 8%, respectively, of fee income recognized during such period.</font></p><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for the revenue earned during the period relating to consideration received from another party for the right to use, but not own, certain of the entity's intangible assets. Licensing arrangements include, but are not limited to, rights to use a patent, copyright, technology, manufacturing process, software or trademark.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EANAC">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity (Details Textual) (USD $)<br></strong></div>
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                <p>The amount of cash paid during the current period for fees which are not defined elsewhere in the taxonomy.</p>
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                <p>The cash inflow associated with the amount received from holders exercising their stock options. This item inherently excludes any excess tax benefit, which the entity may have realized and reported separately.</p>
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<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">July 30, 2012</font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">589,227</font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">117,846</font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"></font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$2.97</font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">1,745,549</font></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">*</font></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">August 28, 2012</font></td>
<td align="right" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">1,900,000</font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">380,000</font></td>
<td align="right" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman"></font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$2.97</font></td>
<td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></td>
<td align="right" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">5,229,201</font></td>
<td align="left" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">**</font></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="100%" colspan="14">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="100%" colspan="14">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="72%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">Total</font></td>
<td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: right; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 5%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">2,489,227</font></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: center; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 6%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">497,846</font></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td align="right" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: right; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 1%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2pt double; text-align: right; background-color: #c0c0c0; width: 4%; border-top: black 1pt solid;" width="4%" nowrap="nowrap"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">6,974,750</font></td>
<td align="left" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"></td>
</tr>
</table>
<div>&#160;</div>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">*Net of fees of $4,455 </font></p>
<p align="justify"><font size="2" style="font-family:times new roman">** Net of fees of $413,719</font></p><span></span></td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Tabular disclosure of changes in the separate accounts comprising stockholders' equity (in addition to retained earnings) and of the changes in the number of shares of equity securities during at least the most recent annual fiscal period and any subsequent interim period presented is required to make the financial statements sufficiently informative if both financial position and results of operations are presented.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
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