<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001206774-13-003971.txt : 20131105
<SEC-HEADER>0001206774-13-003971.hdr.sgml : 20131105
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20131105163049
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001206774-13-003971
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	10-Q
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		11
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20130930
FILED AS OF DATE:		20131105
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20131105

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			RESEARCH FRONTIERS INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000793524
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PATENT OWNERS & LESSORS [6794]
		IRS NUMBER:				112103466
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		10-Q
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	000-14893
		FILM NUMBER:		131193005

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		240 CROSSWAYS PARK DR
		CITY:			WOODBURY
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			11797-2033
		BUSINESS PHONE:		5163641902

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		240 CROSSWAYS PARK DR
		CITY:			WOODBURY
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			11797-2033
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>10-Q
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>research_10q.htm
<DESCRIPTION>QUARTERLY REPORT
<TEXT>

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   <TITLE></TITLE>
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<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION<BR>WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>FORM 10-Q </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13
OR 15 (d) OF<BR>THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>For Quarter Ended</FONT><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> September 30, 2013</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Commission File No. </FONT><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1-9399</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<DIV align=center>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="20%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS INCORPORATED</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;(Exact name of registrant as specified
      in charter)&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV><BR>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="15%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Delaware</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="68%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="7%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>11-2103466</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="10%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="15%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(State of incorporation or organization)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="68%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="7%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(IRS Employer</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="10%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="15%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="68%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="7%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Identification No.)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="10%"></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD style="text-align: center" width="90%" colSpan=4>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD width="10%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="15%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>240 Crossways Park Drive, Woodbury, N.Y.</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="68%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="5%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%"><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">11797</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="10%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="15%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Address of principal executive offices)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="68%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="7%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Zip Code)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="10%"></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<DIV align=center>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="20%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="35%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="29%"><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">(516) <FONT face="Times New Roman">364-1902</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="35%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="99%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Registrant's telephone number,
      including area code)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and
(2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90
days.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Yes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>X</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No __</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if
any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to
Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (&#167;232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12
months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit
and post such files).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Yes
</FONT><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>X</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No __</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated
filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of &#147;large accelerated
filer,&#148; &#147;accelerated filer&#148; and &#147;smaller reporting company&#148; in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one): </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Large accelerated filer
[&nbsp;&nbsp;]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accelerated filer
[X]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Non-accelerated filer
[&nbsp;&nbsp;]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Smaller reporting
company [&nbsp;&nbsp;] </FONT></P>
<DIV align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Yes
[&nbsp;&nbsp;]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No [X] </FONT></DIV>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate the number of shares
outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest
practicable date: As of November 5, 2013, there were outstanding 22,916,095
shares of Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share. </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS INCORPORATED
</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Consolidated Balance Sheets </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>September 30</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>December 31</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2013</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2012</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center; width: 88%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Unaudited)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="5%" colSpan=3></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Current assets:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Cash and cash
      equivalents</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6,107,545</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>8,390,233</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Short term
      investments</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,059,456</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,052,921</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Royalty
      receivables, net of reserves of $92,723 in 2013 and 2012</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>964,118</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>688,318</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepaid
      expenses and other current assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>74,935</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>201,949</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total
      current assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>12,206,054</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>14,333,421</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=9>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fixed assets, net</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>70,121</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>59,041</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Deposits and other assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>22,605</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>22,605</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=9>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total
      assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>12,298,780</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>14,415,067</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=9>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 88%; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="3%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="3%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Current liabilities:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts
      payable</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>61,238</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>72,269</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued
      expenses and other current liabilities</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>130,168</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>145,123</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred
      revenue</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>63,749</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>25,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total
      current liabilities</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>255,155</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>242,392</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=9>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Commitments and Contingencies</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=9>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Shareholders' equity:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Capital stock,
      par value $0.0001 per share;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;authorized
      100,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;22,916,095 and
      22,646,782 shares for 2013 and 2012</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,293</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,265</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Additional
      paid-in capital</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>102,741,837</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101,642,297</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accumulated
      deficit</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(90,700,505</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(87,471,887</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=9>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total
      shareholders' equity</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>12,043,625</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>14,172,675</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=9>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total
      liabilities and shareholders' equity</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>12,298,780</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>14,415,067</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>See accompanying notes to consolidated
financial statements. </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS
INCORPORATED</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Consolidated Statements of
Operations</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Unaudited) </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="10%" colSpan=7><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Nine
      months ended</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="10%" colSpan=7><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Three
      months ended</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Sept. 30, 2013</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="4%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Sept. 30, 2012</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="4%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Sept.
      30, 2013</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Sept. 30, 2012</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fee income</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,735,767</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,405,292</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>506,692</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>471,886</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Operating expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3,537,432</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3,263,891</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>951,410</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>972,300</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Research and development</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,455,490</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,238,764</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>424,765</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>369,374</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total
      Expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4,992,922</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4,502,655</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,376,175</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,341,674</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Operating loss</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(3,257,155</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(3,097,363</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(869,483</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(869,788</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Net investment income</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>28,537</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>24,631</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>9,529</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3,324</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Loss before income tax
benefit</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(3,228,618</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(3,072,732</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(859,954</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(866,464</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Income tax benefit</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>613,397</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net
      loss</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(3,228,618</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(2,459,335</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(859,954</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(866,464</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Basic and diluted net</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;loss per common
      share</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(.14</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(.13</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(.04</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(.04</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Basic and diluted</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>weighted average number of</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="78%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>common shares outstanding</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>22,916,095</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>19,278,801</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>22,916,095</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>20,013,221</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>See accompanying notes to consolidated
financial statements. </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS
INCORPORATED</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Consolidated Statements of Cash
Flows</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Unaudited) </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="11%" colSpan=7><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Nine months ended</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Sept. 30, 2013</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT size=+0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Sept. 30, 2012</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash flows from operating
      activities:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net
    loss</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(3,228,618</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(2,459,335</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Adjustments to
      reconcile net loss to net cash</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;used in
      operating activities:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Depreciation
      and amortization</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>33,459</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>26,108</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Stock-based compensation</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,099,568</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>787,538</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Changes
      in assets and liabilities:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Royalty
      receivables</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(275,800</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(239,731</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepaid
      expenses and other assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>127,014</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>21,116</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred
      revenue</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>38,749</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>53,124</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts
      payable and accrued expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(25,986</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(19,113</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net
      cash used in operating activities</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(2,231,614</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(1,830,293</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=9>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash flows from investing
      activities:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Purchase of
      fixed assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(44,539</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(10,609</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Change in short
      term investments</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(6,535</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>203,639</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Note receivable
      and interest on SPD Control Systems</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>224,903</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net
      cash (used in) provided by</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;investing
      activities</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(51,074</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>417,933</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=9>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash flows from financing
      activities:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net proceeds
      from the sale of stock</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6,974,750</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net
      cash provided by financing activities</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>--</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6,974,750</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=9>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Net (decrease) increase in cash and
      cash equivalents</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(2,282,688</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,562,390</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=9>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash and cash equivalents at beginning
      of year</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>8,390,233</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,403,364</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=9>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="88%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash and cash equivalents at end of
      period</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6,107,545</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>7,965,754</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>See accompanying notes to consolidated
financial statements.</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4</FONT></P>
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<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS INCORPORATED<BR>Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements<BR>September 30, 2013<BR>(Unaudited)
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Basis of
Presentation</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The accompanying unaudited consolidated
condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles (&#147;GAAP&#148;) for interim financial
information and with the instructions to Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X.
Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required
by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all
adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. All
such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Operating results for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 are not necessarily indicative of
the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2013.
For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and
footnotes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K relating to
Research Frontiers Incorporated (the &#147;Company&#148;) for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2012. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Business</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Research Frontiers Incorporated
(&#147;Research Frontiers&#148; or the &#147;Company&#148;) operates in a single business segment
which is engaged in the development and marketing of technology and devices to
control the flow of light. Such devices, often referred to as &#147;light valves&#148; or
suspended particle devices (SPDs), use colloidal particles that are either
incorporated within a liquid suspension or a film, which is usually enclosed
between two sheets of glass or plastic having transparent, electrically
conductive coatings on the facing surfaces thereof. At least one of the two
sheets is transparent. SPD technology, made possible by a flexible light-control
film invented by Research Frontiers, allows the user to instantly and precisely
control the shading of glass/plastic manually or automatically. SPD technology
has numerous product applications, including: SPD-Smart&#153; windows, sunshades,
skylights and interior partitions for homes and buildings; automotive windows;
sunroofs, sun-visors, sunshades, rear-view mirrors, instrument panels and
navigation systems; aircraft windows; eyewear products; and flat panel displays
for electronic products. SPD-Smart light control film is now being developed
for, or used in, architectural, automotive, marine, aerospace and appliance
applications. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has historically utilized
its cash and the proceeds from the sale of its investments to fund its research
and development of SPD light valves, for marketing initiatives, and for other
working capital purposes. The Company&#146;s working capital and capital requirements
depend upon numerous factors, including the results of research and development
activities, competitive and technological developments, the timing and cost of
patent filings, and the development of new licensees and changes in the
Company&#146;s relationships with its existing licensees. The degree of dependence of
the Company&#146;s working capital requirements on each of the forgoing factors
cannot be quantified; increased research and development activities and related
costs would increase such requirements; the addition of new licensees may
provide additional working capital or working capital requirements, and changes
in relationships with existing licensees would have a favorable or negative
impact depending on the nature of such changes. There can be no assurance that
expenditures will not exceed the anticipated amounts or that additional
financing, if required, will be available when needed or, if available, that
its terms will be favorable or acceptable to the Company. Eventual success of
the Company and generation of positive cash flow will be dependent upon the
commercialization of products using the Company&#146;s technology by the Company&#146;s
licensees and payments of continuing royalties on account thereof. To date, the
Company has not generated sufficient revenue from its licensees to fund its
operations.</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5 </FONT></P>
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<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Patent Costs</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company expenses costs relating to
the development or acquisition of patents due to the uncertainty of the
recoverability of these items. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Revenue Recognition</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has entered into a number
of license agreements covering its light-control technology. The Company
receives minimum annual royalties under certain license agreements and records
fee income on a ratable basis each quarter. In instances when sales of licensed
products by its licensees exceed minimum annual royalties, the Company
recognizes fee income as the amounts have been earned. Certain of the fees are
accrued by, or paid to, the Company in advance of the period in which they are
earned resulting in deferred revenue. Such excess amounts are recorded as
deferred revenue and recognized into income in future periods as earned.
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fee Income</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fee income represents amounts earned by
the Company under various license and other agreements relating to technology
developed by the Company. During the first nine months of 2013 two licensees
accounted for 10% or more of fee income of the Company; these licensees
accounted for approximately 42% and 13% respectively of fee income recognized
during this period. During the first nine months of 2012 one licensee accounted
for 10% or more of fee income of the Company; this licensee accounted for
approximately 68% of fee income recognized during such period. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Stock-Based
Compensation</FONT></U></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>GAAP requires that all stock-based
compensation be recognized as an expense in the financial statements and that
such costs be measured at the fair value of the award.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has in the past granted
options/warrants to consultants. These options generally vest ratably over 24 to
60 months from the date of grant and the Company charges to operations quarterly
the current market value of the options using the Black Scholes method. During
the nine months of September 30, 2013 and 2012 a charge of $9,069 and $46,259,
respectively, and during the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 a
(benefit) charge ($8,441) and $73,173, respectively, was recorded to operations
reflecting the fair value of the options using the Black Scholes method with the
following weighted average assumptions: </FONT></P>
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    <TD noWrap align=left width="92%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2013</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2012</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="92%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Risk free interest rate</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>0.3%</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>0.3%</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="92%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Expected Life of Options (maximum)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1.1 years</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1.8 years</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD noWrap align=left width="92%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Volatility</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>40%</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>55%</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>During the nine months ended September
30, 2013, the Company granted 282,900 shares of restricted stock to its
directors and employees. Directors received 91,500 of these shares of restricted
common stock. All of the shares granted to the directors, as well as 3,400
shares granted to employees vested immediately upon grant. The remaining 188,000
shares vest ratably over the 36 months following grant. The market value per
share on the date of grant was $3.70.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>During the nine months ended September
30, 2012, the Company granted 363,200 shares of restricted common stock to its
directors and employees. Directors received 96,500 of these shares of restricted
common stock. All of the shares granted to the directors, as well as 5,100
shares granted to employees, vested immediately upon grant. The remaining
261,600 shares vest ratably over the 36 months following grant. The market value
per share on the date of grant was $3.38.</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6 </FONT></P>
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<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>In connection with the restricted stock
grants to employees and directors, the Company charged $190,576 and $132,645 to
operations during the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012
respectively, and $922,864 and $741,279 was charged to operations during the
nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company granted 80,200 fully vested
options during 2013 and recorded share-based compensation of $173,120. The
Company valued these 2013 grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model
with the following assumptions: </FONT></P>
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    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="96%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Risk free interest rate</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>0.8%</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="96%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Expected Life of Options (maximum)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5 years</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="96%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Volatility</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>71%</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>As of September 30, 2013, remaining
unamortized compensation costs in connection with these grants was $949,053
which will be recognized over the next 27 month period.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company granted no Employee options
during 2012. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Income Taxes</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Since inception, the Company has
incurred losses from operations and as a result has not recorded income tax
expense. Benefits related to net operating loss carryforwards and deferred items
have been fully reserved since it was not more likely than not that the Company
would achieve profitable operations.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company applied for state research
and development refundable credits for the years ended December 31, 2006 through
2009. In April 2012, the Company received $613,397 relating to these credits for
the years 2006 through 2009, which is reflected as income tax benefit in the
accompanying statement of operations. The Company currently does not expect to
collect additional credits for subsequent years. In addition, $61,340 is
included in operating expenses on the statement of operation as of September 30,
2012 relating to professional fees paid in connection with securing these
refundable credits.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Equity</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company did not sell any equity
securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2013. During the nine
months ended September 30, 2012, the Company sold, pursuant to an effective
registration statement filed with the SEC, equity in the Company as follows:
</FONT></P>
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    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="87%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Date</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Shares Issued</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Warrants Issued</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="2%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Unit Price</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="2%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Proceeds</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD></TR>
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    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>July 30,
    2012</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>589,227</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>117,846</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2.97</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,745,549</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;*</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
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    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>August 28, 2012</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,900,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>380,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: left; width: 1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: right; width: 1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2.97</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,229,201</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;**</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,489,227</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>497,846</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6,974,750</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>

    <DIV align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* Net of fees of $4,455</FONT></DIV>
    <DIV align=left><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;** Net of fees of $413,719</FONT></DIV>

<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>7</FONT></P>
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<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Treasury Stock</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company did not repurchase any of
its stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Investments</FONT></U></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company classifies investments in
marketable securities as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity at the
time of purchase and periodically re-evaluates such classifications. Trading
securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses
included in earnings. Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at cost and are
adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts over the
life of the related security. Unrealized holding gains and losses on
available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a
separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until
realized. In determining realized gains and losses, the cost of securities sold
is based on the specific identification method. Interest and dividends on the
investments are accrued at the balance sheet date. At September 30, 2013 and
December 31, 2012 all investments were classified as held to maturity and
consisted of the following: </FONT></P>
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    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="10%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="47%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="10%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="15%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>September 30, 2013</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="15%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>December 31, 2012</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="11%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Certificates of Deposit</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="47%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="10%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Maturity</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="15%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Value of Held to Maturity
      Investments</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="15%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Value of Held to Maturity
      Investments</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="11%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Investment</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="47%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="10%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Date</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="15%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(based on cost)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center" noWrap width="15%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(based on cost)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="10%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,000,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="47%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="10%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>October 17, 2013<FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">
      </FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="14%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,004,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="14%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,000,000</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="10%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,000,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="47%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="10%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>October 17, 2013</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="14%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,000,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="14%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,000,000</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="10%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>500,940</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="47%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="10%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>December 29, 2013</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="14%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>501,877</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="14%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>500,940</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="10%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>300,564</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="47%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="10%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>October 6, 2013</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="14%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>301,126</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="14%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>300,564</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="10%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>251,417</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="47%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="10%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>March 29, 2014</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="14%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>252,453</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="14%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>251,417</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="10%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="47%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="10%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="14%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,059,456</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="14%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,052,921</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Note Receivable from SPD Control
Systems</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>On May 9, 2007, the Company began
participating in the funding of the ongoing development of automotive
controllers by SPD Control Systems Corp., a licensee of the Company. This
development work is to produce the electronic controllers to operate SPD-Smart
automotive windows and glass roof systems for one or more of the top five
automotive makers in the world. The Company&#146;s funding of this project was
reflected in the form of a senior secured convertible promissory note (the
&#147;Note&#148;) of SPD Control Systems Corp. held by Research Frontiers&#146; wholly-owned
subsidiary, SPD Enterprises Inc. The note bore interest at 10% per annum, was
secured by all of the assets (including intellectual property) of SPD Control
Systems. The Note provided for funding of up to $150,000 by SPD Enterprises
based upon the achievement of certain development milestones by SPD Control
Systems. As part of a broader agreement between SPD Control Systems and the
Company, effective as of May 9, 2010, the maturity date of this Note was
extended to May 9, 2012 and the applicable conversion price for the Note was
specified as $0.25 per share of SPD Control Systems stock through May 9, 2012
and $0.10 per share thereafter. On March 30, 2012 SPD Control Systems paid
Research Frontiers $224,903 in full payment of the principal and accrued
interest on the note. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fair Value
Measurements</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>We value financial instruments using a
three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring
fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as
quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2,
defined as inputs other than quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in
active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3,
defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists,
therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Financial assets accounted for at fair
value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2013 include cash and cash
equivalents of approximately $6.1 million. These assets are carried at fair
value based on quoted market prices for identical securities (Level 1 inputs).
</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>8</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Management&#146;s Discussion and Analysis
of<BR>Financial Condition and Results of Operations </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Critical Accounting Policies
</FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The following accounting policies are
important to understanding our financial condition and results of operations and
should be read as an integral part of the discussion and analysis of the results
of our operations and financial position. For additional accounting policies,
see note 2 to our consolidated financial statements, &#147;Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies&#148; in our Form 10-K report for the period ending December 31,
2012. The Company has entered into a number of license agreements covering
potential products using the Company&#146;s SPD technology. The Company receives fees
and minimum annual royalties under certain license agreements and records fee
income on a ratable basis each quarter. In instances when sales of licensed
products by its licensees exceed minimum annual royalties, the Company
recognizes fee income as the amounts have been earned. Certain of the fees are
accrued by, or paid to, the Company in advance of the period in which they are
earned resulting in deferred revenue. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company expenses costs relating to
the development or acquisition of patents due to the uncertainty of the
recoverability of these items. All of our research and development costs are
charged to operations as incurred. Our research and development expenses consist
of costs incurred for internal and external research and development. These
costs include direct and indirect overhead expenses. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has historically used the
Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the estimated fair value of each
option grant. The Black-Scholes model includes assumptions regarding dividend
yields, expected volatility, expected lives, and risk-free interest rates. These
assumptions reflect our best estimates, but these items involve uncertainties
based on market conditions generally outside of our control. As a result, if
other assumptions had been used in the current period, stock-based compensation
expense could have been materially impacted. Furthermore, if management uses
different assumptions in future periods, stock-based compensation expense could
be materially impacted in future years. On occasion, the Company may issue to
consultants either options or warrants to purchase shares of common stock of the
Company at specified share prices. These options or warrants may vest based upon
specific services being performed or performance criteria being met. In
accounting for equity instruments that are issued to other than employees for
acquiring, or in conjunction with selling, goods or services</FONT><I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>, </FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>the Company would be
required to record consulting expenses based upon the fair value of such options
or warrants on the earlier of the service period or the period that such options
or warrants vest as determined using a Black-Scholes option pricing
model.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The preparation of financial statements
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
of America requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the
reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent
assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and reported
amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results
could differ from these estimates. An example of a critical estimate is the full
valuation allowance for deferred taxes that was recorded based on the
uncertainty that such tax benefits will be realized in future periods.
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Results of Operations
</FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify><B><I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Nine months ended September 30,
2013 Compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012 </FONT></I></B></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The majority of the Company&#146;s fee
income comes from the activities of several licensees participating in the
automotive market. The Company currently believes that the automotive market
will be the largest source of its royalty income over the next several years.
The Company&#146;s royalty income from this market may be influenced <FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>by numerous factors including various trends affecting demand in the
automotive industry and the rate of introduction of new technology in OEM
product lines. In addition to these macro factors, the Company&#146;s royalty income
from the automotive market could also be influenced by specific factors such as
whether the Company&#146;s SPD-SmartGlass technology appears as standard equipment or
as an option on a particular vehicle, the number of additional vehicle models
that SPD-SmartGlass appears on, the size of each window on an vehicle and the
number of windows on a vehicle that use SPD-SmartGlass, fluctuations in the
total number of vehicles produced by a manufacturer, and in the percentage of
cars within model like produced with SPD-SmartGlass, and changes in pricing or
exchange rates.</FONT></FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>9</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company&#146;s fee income from licensing
activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 increased 24% to
$1,735,767, as compared to $1,405,292 for the nine months ended September 30,
2012. Most of the increase in fee income during this period was a result of
higher product sales and minimum annual royalty and other payments from
licensees in the automotive market. Certain license fees, which are paid to the
Company in advance of the accounting period in which they are earned resulting
in the recognition of deferred revenue for the current accounting period, which
will be recognized as fee income in future periods. Also, licensees may offset
some or all of their royalty payments on sales of licensed products for a given
period by applying these advance payments towards such earned royalty payments.
Because the Company&#146;s license agreements typically provide for the payment of
royalties by a licensee on product sales within 45 days after the end of the
quarter in which a sale of a licensed product occurs (with some of the Company&#146;s
more recent license agreements providing for payments on a monthly basis), and
because of the time period which typically will elapse between a customer order
and the sale of the licensed product and installation in a home, office
building, automobile, aircraft, boat or any other product, there could be a
delay between when economic activity between a licensee and its customer occurs
and when the Company gets paid its royalty resulting from such activity.
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Operating expenses increased by
$273,541 for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 to $3,537,432 from
$3,263,891 for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. This increase was
principally the result of higher non-cash compensation charges related to common
stock and option grants to employees ($205,000), patent costs
($66,000).</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Research and development expenditures
increased by $216,726 to $1,455,490 for the nine months ended September 30, 2013
from $1,238,764 for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. This increase was
principally the result of higher payroll and related costs ($196,000) as well as
higher materials and project costs ($39,000) partially offset by lower allocated
insurance costs ($32,000). Included in research and development expenses are
approximately $264,000 and $109,000 of non-cash compensation charges for the
nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company&#146;s net investment income for
the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was $28,537 as compared to $24,631 for
the nine months ended September 30, 2012. The difference was primarily due to
interest from higher cash balances available for investment partially offset the
interest on the Note from SPD Control Systems which was collected at the end of
March 2012. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>No income tax benefit or expense was
recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2013. The Company recorded an
income tax benefit of $613,397 for the nine months ended September 30, 2012.
This benefit results from state research and development refundable credits that
the Company applied for related to the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007,
2008, and 2009. The Company does not currently expect to collect additional
credits. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>As a consequence of the factors
discussed above, the Company's net loss was $3,228,618 ($0.14 per common share)
for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to $2,459,335 ($0.13
per common share) for <FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>the nine months ended September
30, 2012. </FONT></FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>10</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><B><I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Three months ended September 30,
2013 Compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012 </FONT></I></B></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company&#146;s fee income from licensing
activities for the three months ended September 30, 2013 increased 7% or $34,806
to $506,692 from $471,886 for the three months ended September 30, 2012. Most of
the increase was due to higher royalties from automotive, aerospace and architectural licensees. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Operating expenses increased by $20,890
for the three months ended September 30, 2013 to $951,410 from $972,300 for the
three months ended September 30, 2012. This increase was principally the result
of higher payroll and related costs ($27,000), plus higher patent costs ($24,000) partially offset by lower director&#146;s expenses ($20,000).
Included in operating expenses are approximately $141,000 and $172,000 of
non-cash compensation charges for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and
2012, respectfully, relating to common stock and options granted to directors,
employees and consultants. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Research and development expenditures
increased by $55,391 to $424,765 for the three months ended September 30, 2013
from $369,374 for the three months ended September 30, 2012. This increase was
principally the result of higher payroll and related costs ($53,000) materials
and project costs ($15,000) partially offset by lower allocated insurance costs
($21,000). Included in research and development expenses are approximately
$41,000 and $34,000 of non-cash compensation charges for the three months ended
September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company&#146;s net investment income for
the three months ended September 30, 2013 was $9,529 as compared to $3,324 for
the three months ended September 30, 2012. The difference was primarily due to
interest from higher cash balances available for investment. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>No income tax benefit or expense was
recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2013 or 2012 as a result of
losses incurred in both periods.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>As a consequence of the factors
discussed above, the Company's net loss was $859,954 ($0.04 per common share)
for the three months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to $866,464 ($0.04 per
common share) for the three months ended September 30, 2012. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Financial Condition, Liquidity and
Capital Resources </FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has primarily utilized its
cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, and the proceeds from its
investments to fund its research and development, for marketing initiatives, and
for other working capital purposes. The Company&#146;s working capital and capital
requirements depend upon numerous factors, including, but not limited to, the
results of research and development activities, competitive and technological
developments, the timing and costs of patent filings, and the development of new
licensees and changes in the Company&#146;s relationship with existing licensees. The
degree of dependence of the Company&#146;s working capital requirements on each of
the foregoing factors cannot be quantified; increased research and development
activities and related costs would increase such requirements; the addition of
new licensees may provide additional working capital or working capital
requirements, and changes in relationships with existing licensees would have a
favorable or negative impact depending upon the nature of such changes.
</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>During the first nine months of 2013,
the Company's cash and cash equivalents balance decreased by $2,282,688
principally as a result of cash used for operations of $2,231,614 as well as the
purchase of fixed assets of $44,539. At September 30, 2013, the Company had
working capital of $11,950,899 and total shareholders&#146; equity of
$12,043,625.</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>11</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company expects to use its cash to
fund its research and development of SPD light valves, its expanded marketing
initiatives, and for other working capital purposes. The Company&#146;s working
capital and capital requirements depend upon numerous factors, including the
results of research and development activities, competitive and technological
developments, the timing and cost of patent filings, the development of new
licensees and changes in the Company&#146;s relationships with its existing
licensees. The degree of dependence of the Company&#146;s working capital
requirements on each of the foregoing factors cannot be quantified; increased
research and development activities and related costs would increase such
requirements; the addition of new licensees may provide additional working
capital or working capital requirements, and changes in relationships with
existing licensees would have a favorable or negative impact depending upon the
nature of such changes. Based upon existing levels of cash expenditures,
existing cash reserves and budgeted revenues, the Company believes that it would
not require additional funding for the foreseeable future. There can be no
assurance that expenditures will not exceed the anticipated amounts or that
additional financing, if required, will be available when needed or, if
available, that its terms will be favorable or acceptable to the Company.
Eventual success of the Company and generation of positive cash flow will be
dependent upon the extent of commercialization of products using the Company&#146;s
technology by the Company&#146;s licensees and payments of continuing royalties on
account thereof. To date the Company has not generated sufficient revenue from
its licensees to fund its operations. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative
Disclosures About Market Risk</FONT></U></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The information required by Item 3 has
been disclosed in Item 7A of the Company&#146;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 2012. There has been no material change in the
disclosure regarding market risk.</FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Item 4. Controls and
Procedures</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Evaluation of Disclosure Controls
and Procedures </FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Our disclosure controls and procedures,
as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act, are designed to
ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or
submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported
within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. We designed
our disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be
disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is
accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal
executive and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding
required disclosure. Our chief executive officer and chief financial officer,
with assistance from other members of our management, have reviewed the
effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30,
2013, and, based on their evaluation, have concluded that our disclosure
controls and procedures were effective. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Changes in Internal Control Over
Financial Reporting </FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>There were no changes in our internal
control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of
the Exchange Act) during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 that have
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal
control over financial reporting. </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><B><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Forward-Looking
Statements</FONT></U></B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>

<P align=justify><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">The information set forth in this Report and
in all publicly disseminated information about the Company, including the
narrative contained in &#147;Management&#146;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations&#148; above, includes &#147;forward-looking
statements&#148; within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, and is subject to the safe harbor created by that section.
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking
statements as they speak only as of the date hereof and are not guaranteed.
</FONT></P>

<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>12 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>PART II.</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>OTHER INFORMATION</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=justify><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Item 6. Exhibits</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>

  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>31.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
      Certification of Joseph M. Harary - Filed herewith.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>31.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
      Certification of Seth L. Van Voorhees - Filed herewith.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>32.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Section 1350 Certification of
      Joseph M. Harary - Filed herewith.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>32.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Section 1350 Certification of
      Seth L. Van Voorhees - Filed herewith.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap ><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.INS</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap >&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD vAlign=top width="100%" ><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Instance Document</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap ><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.SCH</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap >&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD vAlign=top width="100%" ><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap ><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.CAL</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap >&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD vAlign=top width="100%" ><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap ><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.DEF</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap >&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD vAlign=top width="100%" ><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap ><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.LAB</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap >&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD vAlign=top width="100%" ><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap ><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.PRE</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap >&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD vAlign=top width="100%" ><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
  Document</FONT></TD></TR>

</TABLE>
<P align=center><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>SIGNATURES </FONT></B></P>
<P align=justify>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunder
duly authorized. </FONT></P>
<DIV align=right>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="50%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><FONT style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS INCORPORATED</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Registrant)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="99%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="99%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><FONT style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Joseph M. Harary</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Joseph M. Harary, President, CEO and
  Treasurer</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Principal Executive)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="99%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="99%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><FONT style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Seth L. Van Voorhees</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Seth L. Van Voorhees, Vice President, CFO and
      Treasurer</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Principal Financial and Accounting
  Officer)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Date: November 5, 2013 </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>13</FONT></P>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>exhibit31-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>RULE 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) CERTIFICATION OF JOSEPH M. HARARY - FILED HEREWITH
<TEXT>

<HTML>
<HEAD>
   <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>

<BODY bgcolor=#ffffff>
<BR>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>EXHIBIT 31.1</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="96%"><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>CERTIFICATION</FONT></B></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I, </FONT><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Joseph M. Harary,</FONT></B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>certify that:</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1. I have reviewed this quarterly report
on Form 10-Q of Research Frontiers Incorporated (the &#147;registrant&#148;);</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2. Based on my knowledge, this report does
not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under
which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period
covered by this report;</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3. Based on my knowledge, the consolidated
financial statements, and other financial information included in this report,
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of
operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report;</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4. The registrant's other certifying
officer&#146;s and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and
15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</FONT></P>
<P style="PADDING-LEFT: 15pt" align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>a) Designed
such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and
procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries,
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the
period in which this report is being prepared;</FONT></P>
<P style="PADDING-LEFT: 15pt" align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>b) Designed
such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control
over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles;</FONT></P>
<P style="PADDING-LEFT: 15pt" align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>c) Evaluated
the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and
presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this
report based on such evaluation; and</FONT></P>
<P style="PADDING-LEFT: 15pt" align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>d) Disclosed in
this report any change in the registrant&#146;s internal control over financial
reporting that occurred during the registrant&#146;s most recent fiscal quarter (the
registrant&#146;s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the
registrant&#146;s internal control over financial reporting; and</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5. The registrant's other certifying
officer&#146;s and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal
control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit
committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent functions):</FONT></P>
<P style="PADDING-LEFT: 15pt" align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>a) All
significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of
internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to
adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and
report financial information; and</FONT></P>
<P style="PADDING-LEFT: 15pt" align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>b) Any fraud,
whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a
significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
</FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="49%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Dated: November 5, 2013</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="7%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Joseph M. Harary</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="43%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="49%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="50%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Joseph M. Harary</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="49%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="50%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>President, Chief Executive
      Officer</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>14</FONT></P>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>exhibit31-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>RULE 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) CERTIFICATION OF SETH L. VAN VOORHEES - FILED HEREWITH
<TEXT>

<HTML>
<HEAD>
   <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>

<BODY bgcolor=#ffffff>
<BR>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>EXHIBIT 31.2</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="96%"><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>CERTIFICATION</FONT></B></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=justify><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I, </FONT><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Seth L. Van Voorhees,</FONT></B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> certify
that:</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1. I have reviewed this quarterly report
on Form 10-Q of Research Frontiers Incorporated (the &#147;registrant&#148;);</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2. Based on my knowledge, this report does
not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under
which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period
covered by this report;</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3. Based on my knowledge, the consolidated
financial statements, and other financial information included in this report,
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of
operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report;</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4. The registrant's other certifying
officer&#146;s and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and
15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</FONT></P>
<P style="PADDING-LEFT: 15pt" align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>a) Designed
such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and
procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries,
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the
period in which this report is being prepared;</FONT></P>
<P style="PADDING-LEFT: 15pt" align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>b) Designed
such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control
over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles;</FONT></P>
<P style="PADDING-LEFT: 15pt" align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>c) Evaluated
the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and
presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this
report based on such evaluation; and</FONT></P>
<P style="PADDING-LEFT: 15pt" align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>d) Disclosed in
this report any change in the registrant&#146;s internal control over financial
reporting that occurred during the registrant&#146;s most recent fiscal quarter (the
registrant&#146;s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the
registrant&#146;s internal control over financial reporting; and</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5. The registrant's other certifying
officer&#146;s and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal
control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit
committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent functions):</FONT></P>
<P style="PADDING-LEFT: 15pt" align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>a) All
significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of
internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to
adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and
report financial information; and</FONT></P>
<P style="PADDING-LEFT: 15pt" align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>b) Any fraud,
whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a
significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
</FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="49%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Dated: November 5, 2013</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="10%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Seth L. Van Voorhees</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="40%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="49%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="50%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Seth L. Van Voorhees</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="49%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="50%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Vice President, Chief Financial
      Officer,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="49%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="50%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Treasurer and Principal Accounting
      Officer</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>15</FONT></P>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.1
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>exhibit32-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATION OF JOSEPH M. HARARY - FILED HEREWITH
<TEXT>

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<P align=left><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>EXHIBIT 32.1</FONT></B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO<BR>18 U.S.C.
SECTION 1350,<BR>AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO <BR></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 </FONT></P>
<P align=left>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>In
connection with the Quarterly Report of Research Frontiers Incorporated (the
&#147;Company&#148;) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013 as filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I,
Joseph M. Harary, President and Chief Executive Officer and Principal Executive
Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:</FONT></P>
<TABLE style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>

  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Report fully complies with
      the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the
      Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD colSpan=3>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The information contained in the
      Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition
      and results of operations of the Company.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="7%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Joseph M. Harary</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="93%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Joseph M. Harary</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>President, Chief Executive Officer and
      Principal Executive Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>November 5,
2013</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>16</FONT></P>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.2
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>exhibit32-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATION OF SETH L. VAN VOORHEES - FILED HEREWITH
<TEXT>

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<BR>
<P align=left><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>EXHIBIT 32.2</FONT></B></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO<BR>18 U.S.C.
SECTION 1350,<BR>AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO<BR></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 </FONT></P>
<P align=left>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>In
connection with the Quarterly Report of Research Frontiers Incorporated (the
&#147;Company&#148;) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013 as filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I,
Seth L. Van Voorhees, Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and
Principal Accounting Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002, that: </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>

  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Report fully complies with
      the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the
      Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD colSpan=3>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The information contained in the
      Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition
      and results of operations of the Company.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="10%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Seth L. Van Voorhees</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="90%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Seth L. Van Voorhees</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Vice President, Chief Financial
      Officer,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Treasurer and Principal Accounting
      Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>November 5,
2013</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>17</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">
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  <us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock id="DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Stock-Based Compensation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; GAAP requires that all stock-based compensation be recognized as an expense in the financial statements and that such costs be measured at the fair value of the award.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; The Company has in the past granted options/warrants to consultants. These options generally vest ratably over 24 to 60 months from the date of grant and the Company charges to operations quarterly the current market value of the options using the Black Scholes method. During the nine months of September 30, 2013 and 2012 a charge of $9,069 and $46,259, respectively, and during the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 a (benefit) charge ($8,441) and $73,173, respectively, was recorded to operations reflecting the fair value of the options using the Black Scholes method with the following weighted average assumptions:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;2012&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;0.3%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;0.3%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Expected Life of Options (maximum)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;1.1 years&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;1.8 years&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt; Volatility&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;40%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;55%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company granted 282,900 shares of restricted stock to its directors and employees. Directors received 91,500 of these shares of restricted common stock. All of the shares granted to the directors, as well as 3,400 shares granted to employees vested immediately upon grant. The remaining 188,000 shares vest ratably over the 36 months following grant. The market value per share on the date of grant was $3.70.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company granted 363,200 shares of restricted common stock to its directors and employees. Directors received 96,500 of these shares of restricted common stock. All of the shares granted to the directors, as well as 5,100 shares granted to employees, vested immediately upon grant. The remaining 261,600 shares vest ratably over the 36 months following grant. The market value per share on the date of grant was $3.38.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; In connection with the restricted stock grants to employees and directors, the Company charged $190,576 and $132,645 to operations during the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 respectively, and $922,864 and $741,279 was charged to operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; The Company granted 80,200 fully vested options during 2013 and recorded share-based compensation of $173,120. The Company valued these 2013 grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="96%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;0.8%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="96%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Expected Life of Options (maximum)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;5 years&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="96%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt; Volatility&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;71%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; As of September 30, 2013, remaining unamortized compensation costs in connection with these grants was $949,053 which will be recognized over the next 27 month period.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; The Company granted no Employee options during 2012.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted id="EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD_per_share" decimals="2">-0.14</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted>
  <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted id="EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-07-01-to-2013-09-30.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD_per_share" decimals="2">-0.04</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted>
  <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted id="EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted.3483.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-07-01-to-2012-09-30.3483.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD_per_share" decimals="2">-0.04</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted>
  <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted id="EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD_per_share" decimals="2">-0.13</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted>
  <us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized id="EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.3479.1806.359.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.1806.359.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">949053</us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized>
  <us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1 id="EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.3481.1806.359.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.1806.359.0.0.0.0">P27M</us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1>
  <us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock id="FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Fair Value Measurements&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; We value financial instruments using a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; Financial assets accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2013 include cash and cash equivalents of approximately $6.1 million. These assets are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices for identical securities (Level 1 inputs).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense id="GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">3537432</us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense>
  <us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense id="GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-07-01-to-2013-09-30.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">951410</us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense>
  <us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense id="GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense.3483.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-07-01-to-2012-09-30.3483.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">972300</us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense>
  <us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense id="GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">3263891</us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.3477.29507.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2012-12-31.3477.0.29507.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2000000</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.3479.29507.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.29507.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2004000</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.3477.29508.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2012-12-31.3477.0.29508.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2000000</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.3479.29508.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.29508.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2000000</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.3477.29509.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2012-12-31.3477.0.29509.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">500940</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.3479.29509.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.29509.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">501877</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.3477.29510.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2012-12-31.3477.0.29510.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">300564</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.3479.29510.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.29510.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">301126</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.3477.29511.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2012-12-31.3477.0.29511.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">251417</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.3479.29511.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.29511.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">252453</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.3477.997.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2012-12-31.3477.0.997.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">5052921</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.3479.997.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.997.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">5059456</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 all investments were classified as held to maturity and consisted of the following:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;September 30, 2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;December 31, 2012&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="11%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Certificates of Deposit&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Maturity&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Value of Held to Maturity Investments&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Value of Held to Maturity Investments&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="11%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Investment&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Date&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;(based on cost)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;(based on cost)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,000,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;October 17, 2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,004,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,000,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,000,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;October 17, 2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,000,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,000,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;500,940&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;December 29, 2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;501,877&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;500,940&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;300,564&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;October 6, 2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;301,126&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;300,564&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;251,417&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;March 29, 2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 252,453&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 251,417&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;5,059,456&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;5,052,921&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest id="IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-3228618</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest>
  <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest id="IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-07-01-to-2013-09-30.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-859954</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest>
  <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest id="IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest.3483.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-07-01-to-2012-09-30.3483.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-866464</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest>
  <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest id="IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-3072732</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest>
  <us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock id="IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Income Taxes&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; Since inception, the Company has incurred losses from operations and as a result has not recorded income tax expense. Benefits related to net operating loss carryforwards and deferred items have been fully reserved since it was not more likely than not that the Company would achieve profitable operations.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; The Company applied for state research and development refundable credits for the years ended December 31, 2006 through 2009. In April 2012, the Company received $613,397 relating to these credits for the years 2006 through 2009, which is reflected as income tax benefit in the accompanying statement of operations. The Company currently does not expect to collect additional credits for subsequent years. In addition, $61,340 is included in operating expenses on the statement of operation as of September 30, 2012 relating to professional fees paid in connection with securing these refundable credits.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit id="IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" xsi:nil="true" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" />
  <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit id="IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0" xsi:nil="true" contextRef="from-2013-07-01-to-2013-09-30.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" />
  <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit id="IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit.3483.0.0.0.0.0.0" xsi:nil="true" contextRef="from-2012-07-01-to-2012-09-30.3483.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" />
  <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit id="IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-613397</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities id="IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-25986</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities id="IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-19113</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable id="IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">275800</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable id="IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">239731</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue id="IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">38749</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue id="IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">53124</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets id="IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-127014</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets id="IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-21116</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets>
  <us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock id="IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Patent Costs&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; The Company expenses costs relating to the development or acquisition of patents due to the uncertainty of the recoverability of these items.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:InvestmentIncomeInterest id="InvestmentIncomeInterest.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">28537</us-gaap:InvestmentIncomeInterest>
  <us-gaap:InvestmentIncomeInterest id="InvestmentIncomeInterest.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-07-01-to-2013-09-30.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">9529</us-gaap:InvestmentIncomeInterest>
  <us-gaap:InvestmentIncomeInterest id="InvestmentIncomeInterest.3483.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-07-01-to-2012-09-30.3483.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">3324</us-gaap:InvestmentIncomeInterest>
  <us-gaap:InvestmentIncomeInterest id="InvestmentIncomeInterest.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">24631</us-gaap:InvestmentIncomeInterest>
  <us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock id="InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Investments&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; The Company classifies investments in marketable securities as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity at the time of purchase and periodically re-evaluates such classifications. Trading securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses included in earnings. Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at cost and are adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts over the life of the related security. Unrealized holding gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until realized. In determining realized gains and losses, the cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. Interest and dividends on the investments are accrued at the balance sheet date. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 all investments were classified as held to maturity and consisted of the following:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;September 30, 2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;December 31, 2012&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="11%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Certificates of Deposit&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Maturity&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Value of Held to Maturity Investments&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Value of Held to Maturity Investments&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="11%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Investment&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Date&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;(based on cost)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;(based on cost)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,000,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;October 17, 2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,004,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,000,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,000,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;October 17, 2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,000,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,000,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;500,940&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;December 29, 2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;501,877&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;500,940&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;300,564&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;October 6, 2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;301,126&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;300,564&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;251,417&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;March 29, 2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 252,453&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 251,417&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;5,059,456&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;5,052,921&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock>
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  <us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity id="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">12298780</us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity>
  <us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent id="LiabilitiesCurrent.3477.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2012-12-31.3477.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">242392</us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent id="LiabilitiesCurrent.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">255155</us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:LicensesRevenue id="LicensesRevenue.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1735767</us-gaap:LicensesRevenue>
  <us-gaap:LicensesRevenue id="LicensesRevenue.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-07-01-to-2013-09-30.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">506692</us-gaap:LicensesRevenue>
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  <us-gaap:LicensesRevenue id="LicensesRevenue.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1405292</us-gaap:LicensesRevenue>
  <us-gaap:LoansAndLeasesReceivableCommitmentsFixedRates id="LoansAndLeasesReceivableCommitmentsFixedRates.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">150000</us-gaap:LoansAndLeasesReceivableCommitmentsFixedRates>
  <us-gaap:LoansNotesTradeAndOtherReceivablesDisclosureTextBlock id="LoansNotesTradeAndOtherReceivablesDisclosureTextBlock.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Note Receivable from SPD Control Systems&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; On May 9, 2007, the Company began participating in the funding of the ongoing development of automotive controllers by SPD Control Systems Corp., a licensee of the Company. This development work is to produce the electronic controllers to operate SPD-Smart automotive windows and glass roof systems for one or more of the top five automotive makers in the world. The Company&amp;#39;s funding of this project was reflected in the form of a senior secured convertible promissory note (the "Note") of SPD Control Systems Corp. held by Research Frontiers&amp;#39; wholly-owned subsidiary, SPD Enterprises Inc. The note bore interest at 10% per annum, was secured by all of the assets (including intellectual property) of SPD Control Systems. The Note provided for funding of up to $150,000 by SPD Enterprises based upon the achievement of certain development milestones by SPD Control Systems. As part of a broader agreement between SPD Control Systems and the Company, effective as of May 9, 2010, the maturity date of this Note was extended to May 9, 2012 and the applicable conversion price for the Note was specified as $0.25 per share of SPD Control Systems stock through May 9, 2012 and $0.10 per share thereafter. On March 30, 2012 SPD Control Systems paid Research Frontiers $224,903 in full payment of the principal and accrued interest on the note.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:LoansNotesTradeAndOtherReceivablesDisclosureTextBlock>
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  <us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesCurrent id="MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">5059456</us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:NatureOfOperations id="NatureOfOperations.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Business&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; Research Frontiers Incorporated ("Research Frontiers" or the "Company") operates in a single business segment which is engaged in the development and marketing of technology and devices to control the flow of light. Such devices, often referred to as "light valves" or suspended particle devices (SPDs), use colloidal particles that are either incorporated within a liquid suspension or a film, which is usually enclosed between two sheets of glass or plastic having transparent, electrically conductive coatings on the facing surfaces thereof. At least one of the two sheets is transparent. SPD technology, made possible by a flexible light-control film invented by Research Frontiers, allows the user to instantly and precisely control the shading of glass/plastic manually or automatically. SPD technology has numerous product applications, including: SPD-Smart&amp;trade; windows, sunshades, skylights and interior partitions for homes and buildings; automotive windows; sunroofs, sun-visors, sunshades, rear-view mirrors, instrument panels and navigation systems; aircraft windows; eyewear products; and flat panel displays for electronic products. SPD-Smart light control film is now being developed for, or used in, architectural, automotive, marine, aerospace and appliance applications.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; The Company has historically utilized its cash and the proceeds from the sale of its investments to fund its research and development of SPD light valves, for marketing initiatives, and for other working capital purposes. The Company&amp;#39;s working capital and capital requirements depend upon numerous factors, including the results of research and development activities, competitive and technological developments, the timing and cost of patent filings, and the development of new licensees and changes in the Company&amp;#39;s relationships with its existing licensees. The degree of dependence of the Company&amp;#39;s working capital requirements on each of the forgoing factors cannot be quantified; increased research and development activities and related costs would increase such requirements; the addition of new licensees may provide additional working capital or working capital requirements, and changes in relationships with existing licensees would have a favorable or negative impact depending on the nature of such changes. There can be no assurance that expenditures will not exceed the anticipated amounts or that additional financing, if required, will be available when needed or, if available, that its terms will be favorable or acceptable to the Company. Eventual success of the Company and generation of positive cash flow will be dependent upon the commercialization of products using the Company&amp;#39;s technology by the Company&amp;#39;s licensees and payments of continuing royalties on account thereof. To date, the Company has not generated sufficient revenue from its licensees to fund its operations.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:NatureOfOperations>
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  <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment id="PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">44539</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment>
  <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment id="PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">10609</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment>
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  <us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent id="PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.3477.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2012-12-31.3477.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">201949</us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent>
  <us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent id="PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">74935</us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent>
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  <us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock id="ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" xsi:nil="true" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" />
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  <us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock id="ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock.3492.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-07-29-to-2012-07-30.3492.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1745549</us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock>
  <us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock id="ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock.3493.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-08-27-to-2012-08-28.3493.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">5229201</us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock>
  <us-gaap:ProfessionalFees id="ProfessionalFees.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">61340</us-gaap:ProfessionalFees>
  <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet id="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.3477.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2012-12-31.3477.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">59041</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
  <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet id="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">70121</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
  <us-gaap:RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties id="RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" xsi:nil="true" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" />
  <us-gaap:RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties id="RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">224903</us-gaap:RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties>
  <us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense id="ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1455490</us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense>
  <us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense id="ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-07-01-to-2013-09-30.3482.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">424765</us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense>
  <us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense id="ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense.3483.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-07-01-to-2012-09-30.3483.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">369374</us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense>
  <us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense id="ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1238764</us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense>
  <us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit id="RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.3477.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2012-12-31.3477.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-87471887</us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit>
  <us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit id="RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-90700505</us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit>
  <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionBySupplierTextBlock id="ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionBySupplierTextBlock.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; The Company has in the past granted options/warrants to consultants. These options generally vest ratably over 24 to 60 months from the date of grant and the Company charges to operations quarterly the current market value of the options using the Black Scholes method. During the nine months of September 30, 2013 and 2012 a charge of $9,069 and $46,259, respectively, and during the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 a (benefit) charge ($8,441) and $73,173, respectively, was recorded to operations reflecting the fair value of the options using the Black Scholes method with the following weighted average assumptions:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;2012&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;0.3%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;0.3%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Expected Life of Options (maximum)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;1.1 years&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;1.8 years&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt; Volatility&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;40%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;55%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionBySupplierTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock id="ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; The Company valued these 2013 grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="96%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;0.8%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="96%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Expected Life of Options (maximum)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;5 years&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="96%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt; Volatility&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;71%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock id="ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; The Company did not sell any equity securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2013. During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company sold, pursuant to an effective registration statement filed with the SEC, equity in the Company as follows:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;Date&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Shares Issued&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Warrants Issued&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Unit Price&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Proceeds&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;July 30, 2012&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;589,227&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;117,846&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2.97&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;1,745,549&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;*&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;August 28, 2012&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;1,900,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;380,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; WIDTH: 1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: right; WIDTH: 1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;2.97&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;5,229,201&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;**&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Total&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 2,489,227&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 497,846&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 6,974,750&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;* Net of fees of $4,455&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;** Net of fees of $413,719&lt;/div&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation id="ShareBasedCompensation.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1099568</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation id="ShareBasedCompensation.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">787538</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1 id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.3481.3382.4365.29495.5328.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.3382.4365.29495.5328.0.0">P24M</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1 id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.3481.4607.359.29497.5493.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.4607.359.29497.5493.0.0">P36M</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1 id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.3484.4607.359.29497.5493.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.4607.359.29497.5493.0.0">P36M</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1 id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.3481.3373.4365.29495.5328.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.3373.4365.29495.5328.0.0">P60M</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.3481.4607.359.1621.5328.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.4607.359.1621.5328.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">91500</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.3484.4607.359.1621.5328.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.4607.359.1621.5328.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">96500</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.3481.4607.359.29497.5493.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.4607.359.29497.5493.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">188000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.3484.4607.359.29497.5493.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.4607.359.29497.5493.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">261600</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.3481.4607.359.29503.5328.29496.5493" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.4607.359.29503.5328.29496.5493" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">3400</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.3484.4607.359.29503.5328.29496.5493" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.4607.359.29503.5328.29496.5493" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">5100</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.3481.4607.359.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.4607.359.0.0.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">282900</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.3484.4607.359.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.4607.359.0.0.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">363200</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue.3481.4607.359.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.4607.359.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD_per_share" decimals="2">3.70</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue.3484.4607.359.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.4607.359.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD_per_share" decimals="2">3.38</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue>
  <us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1 id="SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">P5Y</us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.71</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="3">0.008</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross.3481.1806.359.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.1806.359.0.0.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">80200</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1 id="ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">P1Y1M6D</us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1 id="ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">P1Y9M18D</us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate id="ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="1">0.4</us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate id="ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.55</us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate id="ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="3">0.003</us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate id="ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="3">0.003</us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate>
  <us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare id="SharesIssuedPricePerShare.3491.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2012-07-30.3491.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD_per_share" decimals="2">2.97</us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare>
  <us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare id="SharesIssuedPricePerShare.3494.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2012-08-28.3494.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD_per_share" decimals="2">2.97</us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare>
  <us-gaap:StockholdersEquity id="StockholdersEquity.3477.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2012-12-31.3477.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">14172675</us-gaap:StockholdersEquity>
  <us-gaap:StockholdersEquity id="StockholdersEquity.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-09-30.3479.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">12043625</us-gaap:StockholdersEquity>
  <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock id="StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-09-30.3481.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Equity&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt; The Company did not sell any equity securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2013. During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company sold, pursuant to an effective registration statement filed with the SEC, equity in the Company as follows:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;Date&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Shares Issued&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Warrants Issued&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Unit Price&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Proceeds&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;July 30, 2012&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;589,227&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;117,846&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2.97&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;1,745,549&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;*&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;August 28, 2012&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;1,900,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;380,000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; WIDTH: 1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: right; WIDTH: 1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;2.97&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;5,229,201&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;**&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Total&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 2,489,227&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 497,846&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 6,974,750&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;* Net of fees of $4,455&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;** Net of fees of $413,719&lt;/div&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues id="StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2012-01-01-to-2012-09-30.3484.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="0">2489227</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues>
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      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations" id="refr-csoo" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>004 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Operations</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/DocumentAndEntityInformation" id="refr-daei" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>001 - Document - Document and Entity Information</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/Equity" id="refr-e" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>108 - Disclosure - Equity</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/EquityDetails" id="refr-ed" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>40801 - Disclosure - Equity (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/EquityTables" id="refr-et" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>308 - Disclosure - Equity (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/FeeIncome" id="refr-fi" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>105 - Disclosure - Fee Income</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/FeeIncomeDetails" id="refr-fid" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>40501 - Disclosure - Fee Income (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/FairValueMeasurements" id="refr-fvm" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>112 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetails" id="refr-fvmd" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>41201 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/Investments" id="refr-i" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>110 - Disclosure - Investments</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/InvestmentsDetails" id="refr-id" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>41001 - Disclosure - Investments (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/IncomeTaxes" id="refr-it" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>107 - Disclosure - Income Taxes</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/InvestmentsTables" id="refr-it1" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>310 - Disclosure - Investments (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/IncomeTaxesDetails" id="refr-itd" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>40701 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/NoteReceivableFromSpdControlSystems" id="refr-nrfscs" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>111 - Disclosure - Note Receivable from SPD Control Systems</link:definition>
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        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/NoteReceivableFromSpdControlSystemsDetails" id="refr-nrfscsd" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>41101 - Disclosure - Note Receivable from SPD Control Systems (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/PatentCosts" id="refr-pc" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>103 - Disclosure - Patent Costs</link:definition>
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        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/RevenueRecognition" id="refr-rr" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>104 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition</link:definition>
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        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StockbasedCompensation" id="refr-sc" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>106 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation</link:definition>
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        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StockbasedCompensationNarrativeDetails" id="refr-scnd" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>40603 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Narrative) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StockbasedCompensationScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedToValueOptionsGrantedToConsultantsDetails" id="refr-scsoautvogtcd" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>40601 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Schedule of Assumptions Used to Value Options Granted to Consultants) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:labelLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:referenceLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StockbasedCompensationScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedToValueOptionsGrantedToEmployeesDetails" id="refr-scsoautvogted" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>40602 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Schedule of Assumptions Used to Value Options Granted to Employees) (Details)</link:definition>
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        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StockbasedCompensationTables" id="refr-sct" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>306 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)</link:definition>
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        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/TreasuryStock" id="refr-ts" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
        <link:definition>109 - Disclosure - Treasury Stock</link:definition>
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        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
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  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2013-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2013/country-2013-01-31.xsd" />
  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/stpr/2011-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.sec.gov/stpr/2011/stpr-2011-01-31.xsd" />
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  <xsd:element name="VestingRatablyMember" id="refr_VestingRatablyMember" nillable="true" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:domainItemType" />
  <xsd:element name="WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod" id="refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" />
</xsd:schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.CAL
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>refr-20130930_cal.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION CALCULATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
<!--Created by Diversified Global Graphics Group - DG3-->
<!--produced on 2013-11-05 @ 8:20 AM-->
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  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/ConsolidatedBalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr-cbsp" xlink:type="simple" />
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<DOCUMENT>
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<!--produced on 2013-11-05 @ 8:20 AM-->
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>refr-20130930_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.3060.11.6" xlink:to="lab_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.10561" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.10561" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.10561">Liabilities, Current [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities.29484.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities.29484.11.6" xlink:to="lab_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities.251492" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities.251492" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities.251492">Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities.29484.11.8" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities.29484.11.8" xlink:to="lab_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities.251493" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities.251493" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities.251493">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities.29484.11.12" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities.251495" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities.251495">Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Also includes aggregate carrying amount, as of the balance sheet date, of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered and of liabilities not separately disclosed in the balance sheet. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent.29483.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent.251480" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent.251480">Deposits and Other Assets, Non Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent.29483.11.8" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent.29483.11.8" xlink:to="lab_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent.251481" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent.251481" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent.251481">Deposits and other assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent.29483.11.12" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccountsPayableCurrent.5684.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AccountsPayableCurrent.5684.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent.251489" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent.251489" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent.251489">Accounts Payable, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccountsPayableCurrent.5684.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AccountsPayableCurrent.5684.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent.251490" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent.251490" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent.251490">Accounts payable</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent.5665.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent.5665.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent.251780" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent.251780" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent.251780">Royalty receivables, net of reserves of $92,723 in 2013 and 2012</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock.5814.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock.5814.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock.251511" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock.251511" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock.251511">Additional Paid In Capital, Common Stock</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock.5814.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock.5814.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock.251512" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock.251512" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock.251512">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_Assets.6057.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_Assets.6057.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Assets.251484" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets.251484" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_Assets.251484">Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_Assets.6057.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_Assets.6057.11.9" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Assets.251486" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets.251486" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_Assets.251486">Total assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AssetsAbstract.620.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AssetsAbstract.620.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract.251455" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract.251455" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract.251455">Assets [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AssetsAbstract.620.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AssetsAbstract.620.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract.251456" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract.251456" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract.251456">Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AssetsCurrent.6084.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AssetsCurrent.6084.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent.251472" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent.251472" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent.251472">Assets, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AssetsCurrent.6084.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AssetsCurrent.6084.11.9" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent.251474" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent.251474" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent.251474">Total current assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AssetsCurrentAbstract.616.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AssetsCurrentAbstract.616.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract.251782" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract.251782" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract.251782">Current assets:</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251457" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251457" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251457">Cash and Cash Equivalents, At Carrying Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251458" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251458" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251458">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CommitmentsAndContingencies.7121.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CommitmentsAndContingencies.7121.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies.251502" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies.251502" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies.251502">Commitments and Contingencies</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CommitmentsAndContingencies.7121.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CommitmentsAndContingencies.7121.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies.251503" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies.251503" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies.251503">Commitments and Contingencies</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CommonStockValue.7134.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CommonStockValue.7134.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue.251506" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue.251506" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue.251506">Common Stock, Value, Issued</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CommonStockValue.7134.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CommonStockValue.7134.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue.251507" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue.251507" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue.251507">Capital stock, par value $0.0001 per share; authorized 100,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding 22,916,095 and 22,646,782 shares for 2013 and 2012</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_DeferredRevenueCurrent.7937.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_DeferredRevenueCurrent.7937.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent.251496" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent.251496" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent.251496">Deferred Revenue, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_DeferredRevenueCurrent.7937.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_DeferredRevenueCurrent.7937.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent.251497" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent.251497" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent.251497">Deferred revenue</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.12135.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.12135.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.251525" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.251525" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.251525">Liabilities and Equity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.12135.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.12135.11.9" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.251527" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.251527" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.251527">Total liabilities and shareholders' equity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.3066.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.3066.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.251487" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.251487" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.251487">Liabilities and Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.3066.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.3066.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.251488" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.251488" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.251488">Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesCurrent.12126.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesCurrent.12126.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent.251499" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent.251499" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent.251499">Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesCurrent.12126.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesCurrent.12126.11.9" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent.251501" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent.251501" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent.251501">Total current liabilities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.3060.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.3060.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.251783" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.251783" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.251783">Current liabilities:</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.12977.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.12977.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.251462" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.251462" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.251462">Marketable Securities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.12977.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.12977.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.251464" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.251464" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.251464">Short term investments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.14776.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.14776.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.251469" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.251469" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.251469">Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.14776.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.14776.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.251470" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.251470" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.251470">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.15211.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.15211.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.251475" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.251475" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.251475">Property, Plant and Equipment, Net</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.15211.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.15211.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.251476" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.251476" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.251476">Fixed assets, net</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.16058.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.16058.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.251515" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.251515" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.251515">Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.16058.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.16058.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.251516" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.251516" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.251516">Accumulated deficit</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract.5171.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract.5171.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract.251453" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract.251453" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract.251453">Consolidated Balance Sheets [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_StockholdersEquity.17302.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_StockholdersEquity.17302.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity.251520" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity.251520" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity.251520">Stockholders' Equity Attributable To Parent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_StockholdersEquity.17302.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_StockholdersEquity.17302.11.9" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity.251522" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity.251522" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity.251522">Total shareholders' equity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_StockholdersEquityAbstract.5197.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract.251504" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract.251504">Stockholders Equity Attributable To Parent [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_StockholdersEquityAbstract.5197.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract.251505" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract.251505">Shareholders' equity:</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent.5921.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent.5921.11.6" xlink:to="lab_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent.840" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent.840" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent.840">Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables.29486.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables.251531" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables.251531">Reserves Of Royalty Receivables</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables.29486.11.8" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables.251532" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables.251532">Reserve of royalty receivables (in dollars)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables.29486.11.12" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables.251535" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_ReservesOfRoyaltyReceivables.251535">A valuation reserves for royalty receivables due to an entity within one year (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer) that are expected to be uncollectible.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare.7131.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare.7131.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare.251536" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare.251536" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare.251536">Common Stock, Par Or Stated Value Per Share</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare.7131.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare.251537" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare.251537">Capital stock, par value (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CommonStockSharesAuthorized.7144.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CommonStockSharesAuthorized.7144.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized.251538" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized.251538" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized.251538">Common Stock, Shares Authorized</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CommonStockSharesAuthorized.7144.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CommonStockSharesAuthorized.7144.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized.251539" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense.10699.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest.11058.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncomeStatementAbstract.2649.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit.11134.11.52" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LicensesRevenue.12269.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries.848" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries.848">Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable, Recoveries</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries.5925.11.52" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries.5925.11.52" xlink:to="lab_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries52.251790" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries52.251790" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries52.251790">Recovery of uncollectible royalty receivable</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.11237.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.11237.11.6" xlink:to="lab_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.9093" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.9093" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.9093">Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Receivable</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.11237.11.52" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.11237.11.52" xlink:to="lab_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.130043.503302.251792" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.130043.503302.251792" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.130043.503302.251792">Royalty receivables</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities.13253.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities.13253.11.6" xlink:to="lab_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities.12305" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities.12305" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities.12305">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities.13253.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities.13253.11.9" xlink:to="lab_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities.251793" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities.251793" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities.251793">Net cash provided by financing activities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.3499.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.3499.11.6" xlink:to="lab_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.12210" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.12210" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.12210">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock.15031.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock.15031.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock.15135" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock.15135" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock.15135">Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock.15031.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock.15031.11.7" xlink:to="lab_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock7.1886463.313897.270430" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock7.1886463.313897.270430" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock7.1886463.313897.270430">Net proceeds from the sale of stock</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensation.16900.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedCompensation.16900.11.7" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedCompensation7.345009.251789" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedCompensation7.345009.251789" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedCompensation7.345009.251789">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.502.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.502.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251592" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251592" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251592">Adjustments To Reconcile Net Income (Loss) To Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.502.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.502.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251593" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251593" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251593">Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.10" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.10" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251460" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251460" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251460">Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.11" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.11" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251461" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251461" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251461">Cash and cash equivalents at end of period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.6834.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.6834.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.251635" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.251635" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.251635">Cash and Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.6834.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.6834.11.9" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.251637" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.251637" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.251637">Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.8352.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.8352.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.251594" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.251594" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.251594">Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.8352.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.8352.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.251595" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.251595" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.251595">Depreciation and amortization</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.11306.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.11306.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.251613" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.251613" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.251613">Increase (Decrease) In Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.11306.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.11341.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.11341.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.251612" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.251612">Deferred revenue</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract.2736.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract.2736.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.251607" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.251607">Increase (Decrease) In Prepaid Expense and Other Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.11432.11.52" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.11432.11.52" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.251610" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.251610" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.251610">Prepaid expenses and other assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.3499.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.3499.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.475037.251795" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.475037.251795" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.475037.251795">Cash flows from financing activities:</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities.13246.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities.13246.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities.251632" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities.251632" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities.251632">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities.13246.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities.13246.11.9" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities.251634" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities.251634" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities.251634">Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.3520.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.3520.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.251620" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.251620" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.251620">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.3520.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.3520.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.251621" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.251621" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.251621">Cash flows from investing activities:</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities.13262.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities.13262.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities.251617" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities.251617" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities.251617">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities.13262.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities.13262.11.9" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities.251619" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities.251619" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities.251619">Net cash used in operating activities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.3521.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.3521.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251590" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251590" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251590">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.3521.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.3521.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251591" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251591" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251591">Cash flows from operating activities:</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetIncomeLoss.13265.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss.251577" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss.251577">Net Income (Loss) Attributable To Parent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetIncomeLoss.13265.11.13" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetIncomeLoss.13265.11.13" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss.251581" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss.251581" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss.251581">Net loss</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.14347.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.14347.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.251622" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.251622" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.251622">Payments To Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.14347.11.52" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.14347.11.52" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.251625" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.251625" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.251625">Purchase of fixed assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.14411.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.14411.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.251627" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.251627" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.251627">Payments To Acquire Short-Term Investments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.14411.11.52" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.251629" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.251629">Change in short term investments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties.15810.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties.15810.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties.251630" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties.15810.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensation.16900.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract.5168.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract.251588" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract.251588">Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_BasisOfAccounting.6327.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock.9740.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock.9740.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock.251684" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock.251684">Fair Value Measurements</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionBySupplierTextBlock.16602.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionBySupplierTextBlock" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionBySupplierTextBlock7.251804" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionBySupplierTextBlock7.251804">Schedule of Assumptions Used to Value Options Granted to Consultants</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock.16360.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock.16360.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock.17251" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock.16360.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock.10897.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ConcentrationRiskBenchmarkDomain.1139.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskBenchmarkDomain" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis.1143.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.17017.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.18296" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.18296" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.18296">Share-based Goods and Nonemployee Services Transaction, Valuation Method, Expected Volatility Rate</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.17017.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.17017.11.7" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.407874.514961.251810" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.407874.514961.251810" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.407874.514961.251810">Volatility</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.17019.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.17019.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.18300" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.18300" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.18300">Share-based Goods and Nonemployee Services Transaction, Valuation Method, Risk Free Interest Rate</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.17019.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.17019.11.7" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.407876.514966.251808" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.407876.514966.251808" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.407876.514966.251808">Risk free interest rate</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.9212.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.9212.11.6" xlink:to="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.5908" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.5908" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.5908">Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Compensation Cost Not yet Recognized</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.9212.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.9212.11.8" xlink:to="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.138375.502356.251821" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.138375.502356.251821" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.138375.502356.251821">Unamortized compensation costs</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.9214.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.9214.11.6" xlink:to="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.5912" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.5912" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.5912">Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Compensation Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.9214.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.9214.11.8" xlink:to="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.138376.502357.251820" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.138376.502357.251820" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.138376.502357.251820">Unamortized compensation costs, period for recognition</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_EmployeeStockOptionMember.1806.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_EmployeeStockOptionMember.1806.11.6" xlink:to="lab_EmployeeStockOptionMember.5884" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_EmployeeStockOptionMember.5884" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_EmployeeStockOptionMember.5884">Employee Stock Option [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ConsultantMember.29495.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_ConsultantMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ConsultantMember.29495.11.6" xlink:to="lab_refr_ConsultantMember.251689" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_ConsultantMember.251689" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_ConsultantMember.251689">Consultant [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_EmployeesMember.29503.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_EmployeesMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_EmployeesMember.29503.11.6" xlink:to="lab_refr_EmployeesMember.251712" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_EmployeesMember.251712" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_EmployeesMember.251712">Employees [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable.4883.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable.4883.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable.17543" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable.17543" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable.17543">Schedule of Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue.16884.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue.16884.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue.18112" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue.18112" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue.18112">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems.5072.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems.5072.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems.18153" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems.18153" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems.18153">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_TitleOfIndividualAxis.5328.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_TitleOfIndividualAxis.5328.11.6" xlink:to="lab_TitleOfIndividualAxis.19203" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_TitleOfIndividualAxis.19203" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_TitleOfIndividualAxis.19203">Title of Individual [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain.5330.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain.5330.11.6" xlink:to="lab_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain.19205" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain.19205" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain.19205">Relationship to Entity [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax.5918.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax.5918.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax.251738" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax.251738" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax.251738">Allocated Share-Based Compensation Expense, Net Of Tax</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax.5918.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax.5918.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax.251739" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax.251739" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax.251739">Charge/(benefit) recorded</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AwardTypeAxis.359.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AwardTypeAxis.359.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis.251719" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis.251719" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis.251719">Award Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_DirectorMember.1621.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DirectorMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_DirectorMember.1621.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DirectorMember.251711" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DirectorMember.251711" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_DirectorMember.251711">Director [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_MaximumMember.3373.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MaximumMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_MaximumMember.3373.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MaximumMember.251717" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MaximumMember.251717" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_MaximumMember.251717">Maximum [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_MinimumMember.3382.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MinimumMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_MinimumMember.3382.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MinimumMember.251718" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MinimumMember.251718" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_MinimumMember.251718">Minimum [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_RangeAxis.4365.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RangeAxis" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_RangeAxis.4365.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RangeAxis.251713" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RangeAxis.251713" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_RangeAxis.251713">Range [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_RangeMember.4366.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RangeMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_RangeMember.4366.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RangeMember.251715" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RangeMember.251715" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_RangeMember.251715">Range [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_RestrictedStockMember.4607.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_RestrictedStockMember.4607.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember.251723" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember.251723" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember.251723">Restricted Stock [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.16907.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.251732" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.251732">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.16907.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.251729" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.251729">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other Than Options, Grants In Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.16881.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.251731" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.251731">Restricted common stock granted</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_VestingAxis.19716" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_VestingAxis.19716">Vesting [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_VestingDomain.5494.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VestingDomain" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_VestingDomain.5494.11.6" xlink:to="lab_VestingDomain.19717" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_VestingDomain.19717" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_VestingDomain.19717">Vesting [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_VestingImmediatelyMember.29496.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_VestingImmediatelyMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_VestingImmediatelyMember.29496.11.6" xlink:to="lab_VestingImmediatelyMember.251694" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_VestingImmediatelyMember.251694" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_VestingImmediatelyMember.251694">Vesting Immediately [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_VestingImmediatelyMember.29496.11.12" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_VestingImmediatelyMember" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_VestingImmediatelyMember12.251817" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_VestingImmediatelyMember12.251817">Vesting Immediately [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_VestingRatablyMember.29497.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_VestingRatablyMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_VestingRatablyMember.29497.11.6" xlink:to="lab_VestingRatablyMember.251696" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_VestingRatablyMember.251696" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_VestingRatablyMember.251696">Vesting Ratably [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_VestingRatablyMember.29497.11.12" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_VestingRatablyMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_VestingRatablyMember.29497.11.12" xlink:to="lab_VestingRatablyMember12.251818" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_VestingRatablyMember12.251818" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_VestingRatablyMember12.251818">Vesting Ratably [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProfessionalFees.15186.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProfessionalFees" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ProfessionalFees.15369" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ProfessionalFees.15369">Professional Fees</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProfessionalFees.15186.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProfessionalFees" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ProfessionalFees.15186.11.7" xlink:to="lab_ProfessionalFees.1886451.313966.251823" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ProfessionalFees.1886451.313966.251823" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ProfessionalFees.1886451.313966.251823">Professional fees</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CertificatesOfDepositMember.997.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_CertificatesOfDepositMember.2592" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_CertificatesOfDepositMember.2592">Certificates of Deposit [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_InvestmentMaturityDate1.267.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/invest/2013/invest-2013-01-31.xsd#invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1.251762" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1.251762">Investment Maturity Date</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_InvestmentMaturityDate1.267.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/invest/2013/invest-2013-01-31.xsd#invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_InvestmentAxis.226.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/invest/2013/invest-2013-01-31.xsd#invest_InvestmentAxis" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_InvestmentAxis.159" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_InvestmentAxis.159">Investment [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_InvestmentDomain.227.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/invest/2013/invest-2013-01-31.xsd#invest_InvestmentDomain" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_InvestmentDomain.160" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_InvestmentDomain.160">Investment [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CertificateOfDepositsFiveMember.29511.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_CertificateOfDepositsFiveMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CertificateOfDepositsFiveMember.29511.11.6" xlink:to="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsFiveMember.251758" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsFiveMember.251758" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsFiveMember.251758">Certificate Of Deposits Five [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CertificateOfDepositsFourMember.29510.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_CertificateOfDepositsFourMember" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsFourMember.251757" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsFourMember.251757">Certificate Of Deposits Four [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CertificateOfDepositsOneMember.29507.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_CertificateOfDepositsOneMember" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsOneMember.251754" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsOneMember.251754">Certificate Of Deposits One [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CertificateOfDepositsThreeMember.29509.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_CertificateOfDepositsThreeMember" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsThreeMember.251756" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsThreeMember.251756">Certificate Of Deposits Three [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CertificateOfDepositsTwoMember.29508.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_CertificateOfDepositsTwoMember" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsTwoMember.251755" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_CertificateOfDepositsTwoMember.251755">Certificate Of Deposits Two [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ScheduleOfHeldToMaturitySecuritiesLineItems.4851.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfHeldToMaturitySecuritiesLineItems" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ScheduleOfHeldToMaturitySecuritiesTable.4867.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfHeldToMaturitySecuritiesTable" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_LoansAndLeasesReceivableCommitmentsFixedRates.11058" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_LoansAndLeasesReceivableCommitmentsFixedRates.11058">Loans and Leases Receivable, Commitments, Fixed Rates</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LoansAndLeasesReceivableCommitmentsFixedRates.12513.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LoansAndLeasesReceivableCommitmentsFixedRates" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LoansAndLeasesReceivableCommitmentsFixedRates.12513.11.7" xlink:to="lab_LoansAndLeasesReceivableCommitmentsFixedRates.251825" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NoteReceivableMaturityDate.29506.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_NoteReceivableMaturityDate" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NoteReceivableMaturityDate.29506.11.6" xlink:to="lab_NoteReceivableMaturityDate.251752" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NoteReceivableMaturityDate.29506.11.12" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_NoteReceivableMaturityDate" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NoteReceivableStatedInterestRate.29505.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_NoteReceivableStatedInterestRate" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NoteReceivableStatedInterestRate.29505.11.12" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_NoteReceivableStatedInterestRate" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_NoteReceivableStatedInterestRate12.251829" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_NoteReceivableStatedInterestRate12.251829">Note Receivable, Stated Interest Rate.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NoteReceivableStatedInterestRate.29505.11.7" xlink:href="refr-20130930.xsd#refr_NoteReceivableStatedInterestRate" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_NoteReceivableStatedInterestRate7.251828" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_NoteReceivableStatedInterestRate7.251828">Stated interest rate</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProceedsFromCollectionOfNotesReceivable.14957.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromCollectionOfNotesReceivable" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProceedsFromCollectionOfNotesReceivable.14957.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromCollectionOfNotesReceivable" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ProceedsFromCollectionOfNotesReceivable.14957.11.7" xlink:to="lab_ProceedsFromCollectionOfNotesReceivable.163787.253001" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure.6850.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure.6850.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AssetsFairValueDisclosure.6088.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:type="locator" />
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>11
<FILENAME>refr-20130930_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
<!--Created by Diversified Global Graphics Group - DG3-->
<!--produced on 2013-11-05 @ 8:20 AM-->
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value Measurements<br></strong></div>
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        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock', window );">Fair Value Measurements</a></td>
        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="text-align: justify"><u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Fair Value Measurements</u></p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> We value financial instruments using a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.</p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> Financial assets accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2013 include cash and cash equivalents of approximately $6.1 million. These assets are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices for identical securities (Level 1 inputs).</p> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 21<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28364263&amp;loc=d3e13537-108611<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28364263&amp;loc=d3e13433-108611<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6957238&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 820<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=25499696&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6957238&amp;loc=d3e14172-108612<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 16<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28364263&amp;loc=d3e13504-108611<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EEWAE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Operations (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract', window );"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Operations [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue', window );">Fee income</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 506,692<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 471,886<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 1,735,767<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 1,405,292<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Operating expenses</a></td>
        <td class="nump">951,410<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">972,300<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">3,537,432<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">3,263,891<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development</a></td>
        <td class="nump">424,765<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">369,374<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,455,490<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,238,764<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total Expenses</a></td>
        <td class="nump">1,376,175<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,341,674<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">4,992,922<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">4,502,655<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating loss</a></td>
        <td class="num">(869,483)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(869,788)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(3,257,155)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(3,097,363)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest', window );">Net investment income</a></td>
        <td class="nump">9,529<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">3,324<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">28,537<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">24,631<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Loss before income tax benefit</a></td>
        <td class="num">(859,954)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(866,464)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(3,228,618)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(3,072,732)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Income tax benefit</a></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">613,397<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
        <td class="num">$ (859,954)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (866,464)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (3,228,618)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (2,459,335)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted net loss per common share</a></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.04)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.04)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.14)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.13)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding</a></td>
        <td class="nump">22,916,095<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">20,013,221<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">22,916,095<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">19,278,801<span></span></td>
      </tr>
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    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The amount of net income or loss for the period per each share in instances when basic and diluted earnings per share are the same amount and reported as a single line item on the face of the financial statements.  Basic earnings per share is the amount of net income or loss for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.  Diluted earnings per share includes the amount of net income or loss for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:perShareItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate total of expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26872669&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This element represents the income or loss from continuing operations attributable to the economic entity which may also be defined as revenue less expenses from ongoing operations, after income or loss from equity method investments, but before income taxes, extraordinary items, and noncontrolling interest.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract">
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 235<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 08<br><br> -Paragraph h<br><br> -Article 4<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Income Tax Expense (or Benefit)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6515339<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 740<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br> -Subparagraph (a),(b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6907707&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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              </div>
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          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount before accretion (amortization) of purchase discount (premium) of interest income on nonoperating securities.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(b))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26872669&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest</nobr></td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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                <p>Revenue earned during the period relating to consideration received from another party for the right to use, but not own, certain of the entity's intangible assets. Licensing arrangements include, but are not limited to, rights to use a patent, copyright, technology, manufacturing process, software or trademark. Licensing fees are generally, but not always, fixed as to amount and not dependent upon the revenue generated by the licensing party. An entity may receive licensing fees for licenses that also generate royalty payments to the entity.</p>
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                <p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p>
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                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Paragraph 20<br><br> -Article 9<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Other Comprehensive Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6519514<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Net Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6518256<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 260<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.19)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.18)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26872669&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.22)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 220<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 6<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358780&amp;loc=d3e565-108580<br><br><br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>The aggregate costs incurred (1) in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or (2) to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process whether intended for sale or the entity's use, during the reporting period charged to research and development projects, including the costs of developing computer software up to the point in time of achieving technological feasibility, and costs allocated in accounting for a business combination to in-process projects deemed to have no alternative future use.</p>
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                <p>Average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS).</p>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax', window );">Charge/(benefit) recorded</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 9,069<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 46,259<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (8,441)<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 73,173<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Restricted Stock [Member]</div>
        </td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Restricted common stock granted</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">282,900<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">363,200<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Market value per share on the date of grant</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 3.70<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 3.38<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax', window );">Charge/(benefit) recorded</a></td>
        <td class="nump">190,576<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">132,645<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">922,864<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">741,279<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Restricted Stock [Member] | Vesting Ratably [Member]</div>
        </td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Restricted common stock granted</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">188,000<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">261,600<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1', window );">Award vesting period</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">36 months<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">36 months<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Restricted Stock [Member] | Director [Member]</div>
        </td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Restricted common stock granted</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">91,500<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">96,500<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Restricted Stock [Member] | Employees [Member] | Vesting Immediately [Member]</div>
        </td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Restricted common stock granted</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">3,400<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">5,100<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Employee Stock Option [Member]</div>
        </td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Number of options granted</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">80,200<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax', window );">Charge/(benefit) recorded</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">173,120<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized', window );">Unamortized compensation costs</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 949,053<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 949,053<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1', window );">Unamortized compensation costs, period for recognition</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">27 months<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Minimum [Member] | Consultant [Member]</div>
        </td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1', window );">Award vesting period</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">24 months<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Maximum [Member] | Consultant [Member]</div>
        </td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1', window );">Award vesting period</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">60 months<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The amount of expense, net of income tax, recognized during the period arising from equity-based compensation arrangements (for example, shares of stock, unit, stock options or other equity instruments) with employees, directors and certain consultants qualifying for treatment as employees.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Unrecognized cost of unvested share-based compensation awards.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (i)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Weighted average period over which unrecognized compensation is expected to be recognized for equity-based compensation plans, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (i)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Period which an employee's right to exercise an award is no longer contingent on satisfaction of either a service condition, market condition or a performance condition, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The number of grants made during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(1)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod</nobr></td>
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                    <td>duration</td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The weighted average fair value at grant date for nonvested equity-based awards issued during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(1)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</nobr></td>
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                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems</nobr></td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Gross number of share options (or share units) granted during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
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<TEXT>
<html>
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    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0E2F">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionBySupplierTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Assumptions Used to Value Options Granted to Consultants</a></td>
        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> The Company has in the past granted options/warrants to consultants. These options generally vest ratably over 24 to 60 months from the date of grant and the Company charges to operations quarterly the current market value of the options using the Black Scholes method. During the nine months of September 30, 2013 and 2012 a charge of $9,069 and $46,259, respectively, and during the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 a (benefit) charge ($8,441) and $73,173, respectively, was recorded to operations reflecting the fair value of the options using the Black Scholes method with the following weighted average assumptions:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap">2013</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap">2012</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Risk free interest rate</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">0.3%</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">0.3%</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Expected Life of Options (maximum)</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">1.1 years</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">1.8 years</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"> Volatility</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">40%</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">55%</td> </tr> </table> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Assumptions Used to Value Options Granted to Employees</a></td>
        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> The Company valued these 2013 grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="96%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Risk free interest rate</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">0.8%</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="96%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Expected Life of Options (maximum)</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">5 years</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="96%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"> Volatility</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">71%</td> </tr> </table> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Tabular disclosure of each transaction in which an entity acquires goods or services other than employee services in exchange for equity securities of the company, including the purpose of the transaction, identification and quantity of the securities issued, the accounting made, disclosure of amounts by which report lines were affected, and noncash effects on the statement of cash flows.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 50<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6406099&amp;loc=d3e25284-112666<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5444-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>Tabular disclosure of the significant assumptions used during the year to estimate the fair value of stock options, including, but not limited to: (a) expected term of share options and similar instruments, (b) expected volatility of the entity's shares, (c) expected dividends, (d) risk-free rate(s), and (e) discount for post-vesting restrictions.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EUJAG">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Investments (Details) (USD $)<br></strong></div>
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      <tr>
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          <div>Dec. 31, 2012</div>
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      </tr>
      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Certificates of Deposit [Member]</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1', window );">Maturity Date</a></td>
        <td class="text">Oct. 17,
				 2013<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1', window );">Maturity Date</a></td>
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				 2013<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">Dec. 29,
				 2013<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">Oct.
				06,
				 2013<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">301,126<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">Mar. 29,
				 2014<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">$ 252,453<span></span></td>
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                <p>The maturity date of the investment.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 12<br><br> -Section 12<br><br> -Sentence Column A<br><br><br><br></p>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount after other than temporary impairment (OTTI) accretion, of investments in debt securities classified as held-to-maturity, expected to be converted to cash, sold or exchanged within one year or the normal operating cycle.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6871852&amp;loc=d3e26626-111562<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 25<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (c)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28360136&amp;loc=d3e22054-111558<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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          </td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfHeldToMaturitySecuritiesLineItems">
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ScheduleOfHeldToMaturitySecuritiesLineItems</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>21
<FILENAME>R26.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EUCAE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity (Details) (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="4">0 Months Ended</th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">
          <div>Aug. 28, 2012</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">
          <div>Jul. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Shares issued</a></td>
        <td class="nump">1,900,000<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="nump">589,227<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">2,489,227<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod', window );">Warrants issued</a></td>
        <td class="nump">380,000<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="nump">117,846<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">497,846<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare', window );">Unit price</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 2.97<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 2.97<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock', window );">Proceeds</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 5,229,201<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 1,745,549<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 6,974,750<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfStockIssuanceCosts', window );">Fees in connection with stock sale</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 413,719<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 4,455<span></span></td>
        <td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td colspan="7"></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td colspan="7">
          <table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%">
            <tr class="outerFootnote">
              <td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">[1]</td>
              <td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Net of fees of $413,719</td>
            </tr>
            <tr class="outerFootnote">
              <td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">[2]</td>
              <td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Net of fees of $4,455</td>
            </tr>
          </table>
        </td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod">
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Warrants issued to investors during period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_WarrantsIssuedToInvestorsDuringPeriod</nobr></td>
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                    <td>refr_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td>duration</td>
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          </td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfStockIssuanceCosts">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash outflow for cost incurred directly with the issuance of an equity security.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Financing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6513228<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 15<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PaymentsOfStockIssuanceCosts</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow from the additional capital contribution to the entity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Financing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6513228<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 14<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount per share or per unit of equity securities issued by non-development stage entity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:perShareItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 29, 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td>duration</td>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>22
<FILENAME>R25.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EJHAC">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes (Details) (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Taxes [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Income tax benefit</a></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 613,397<span></span></td>
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                <p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 235<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 08<br><br> -Paragraph h<br><br> -Article 4<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Income Tax Expense (or Benefit)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6515339<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 740<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br> -Subparagraph (a),(b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6907707&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>A fee charged for services from professionals such as doctors, lawyers and accountants. The term is often expanded to include other professions, for example, pharmacists charging to maintain a medicinal profile of a client or customer.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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                <p>The entire disclosure for the basis of accounting, or basis of presentation, used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS).</p>
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                <p>No definition available.</p>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for all or part of the information related to intangible assets.</p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="text-align: justify"><u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Stock-Based Compensation</u></p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> GAAP requires that all stock-based compensation be recognized as an expense in the financial statements and that such costs be measured at the fair value of the award.</p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> The Company has in the past granted options/warrants to consultants. These options generally vest ratably over 24 to 60 months from the date of grant and the Company charges to operations quarterly the current market value of the options using the Black Scholes method. During the nine months of September 30, 2013 and 2012 a charge of $9,069 and $46,259, respectively, and during the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 a (benefit) charge ($8,441) and $73,173, respectively, was recorded to operations reflecting the fair value of the options using the Black Scholes method with the following weighted average assumptions:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap">2013</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap">2012</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Risk free interest rate</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">0.3%</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">0.3%</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Expected Life of Options (maximum)</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">1.1 years</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">1.8 years</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="92%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"> Volatility</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">40%</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">55%</td> </tr> </table> <br /> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company granted 282,900 shares of restricted stock to its directors and employees. Directors received 91,500 of these shares of restricted common stock. All of the shares granted to the directors, as well as 3,400 shares granted to employees vested immediately upon grant. The remaining 188,000 shares vest ratably over the 36 months following grant. The market value per share on the date of grant was $3.70.</p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company granted 363,200 shares of restricted common stock to its directors and employees. Directors received 96,500 of these shares of restricted common stock. All of the shares granted to the directors, as well as 5,100 shares granted to employees, vested immediately upon grant. The remaining 261,600 shares vest ratably over the 36 months following grant. The market value per share on the date of grant was $3.38.</p> <br /> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> In connection with the restricted stock grants to employees and directors, the Company charged $190,576 and $132,645 to operations during the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 respectively, and $922,864 and $741,279 was charged to operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.</p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> The Company granted 80,200 fully vested options during 2013 and recorded share-based compensation of $173,120. The Company valued these 2013 grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="96%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Risk free interest rate</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">0.8%</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="96%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Expected Life of Options (maximum)</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">5 years</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="96%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"> Volatility</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">71%</td> </tr> </table> <br /> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> As of September 30, 2013, remaining unamortized compensation costs in connection with these grants was $949,053 which will be recognized over the next 27 month period.</p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> The Company granted no Employee options during 2012.</p> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 50<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6406099&amp;loc=d3e25284-112666<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 40<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6418621&amp;loc=d3e17540-113929<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5444-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br> -Number Topic 14<br><br><br><br></p>
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        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="text-align: justify"><u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Revenue Recognition</u></p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> The Company has entered into a number of license agreements covering its light-control technology. The Company receives minimum annual royalties under certain license agreements and records fee income on a ratable basis each quarter. In instances when sales of licensed products by its licensees exceed minimum annual royalties, the Company recognizes fee income as the amounts have been earned. Certain of the fees are accrued by, or paid to, the Company in advance of the period in which they are earned resulting in deferred revenue. Such excess amounts are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized into income in future periods as earned.</p> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for deferred revenues at the end of the reporting period, and description and amounts of significant changes that occurred during the reporting period. Deferred revenue is a liability as of the balance sheet date related to a revenue producing activity for which revenue has not yet been recognized. Generally, an entity records deferred revenue when it receives consideration from a customer before achieving certain criteria that must be met for revenue to be recognized in conformity with GAAP.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br> -Number Topic 13<br><br> -Section A<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 605<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 13.A.3(b).Q1(c),(b).Q2,(c).Q3)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012821&amp;loc=d3e214044-122780<br><br><br><br></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0E5AAE">
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				09,
				 2012<span></span></td>
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                <p>Note Receivable, Conversion Rate.</p>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td>instant</td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Note Receivable, Maturity Date.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Note Receivable, Stated Interest Rate.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_NoteReceivableStatedInterestRate</nobr></td>
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                    <td>refr_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:percentItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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              </div>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LoansAndLeasesReceivableCommitmentsFixedRates">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Reflects the amount of cash required to fully fund agreements to provide advances to borrowers and lessees at stated interest rates.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 942<br><br> -SubTopic 825<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6480020&amp;loc=d3e61082-112788<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 942<br><br> -SubTopic 825<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6480020&amp;loc=d3e61044-112788<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LoansAndLeasesReceivableCommitmentsFixedRates</nobr></td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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              </div>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromCollectionOfNotesReceivable">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow associated with principal collections from a borrowing supported by a written promise to pay an obligation.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Investing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6516133<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 12<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3179-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProceedsFromCollectionOfNotesReceivable</nobr></td>
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                    <td>debit</td>
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                    <td>duration</td>
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      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Capital stock, par value (in dollars per share)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 0.0001<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 0.0001<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Capital stock, shares authorized</a></td>
        <td class="nump">100,000,000<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">100,000,000<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Capital stock, shares issued</a></td>
        <td class="nump">22,916,095<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">22,646,782<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Capital stock, shares outstanding</a></td>
        <td class="nump">22,916,095<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">22,646,782<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>A valuation allowance for trade and other receivables due to an Entity within one year (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer) that are expected to be uncollectible.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 310<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28368275&amp;loc=d3e5074-111524<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.4)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:perShareItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Treasury Stock<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
        </th>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockNumberOfSharesAndRestrictionDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Treasury Stock [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockTextBlock', window );">Treasury Stock</a></td>
        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="text-align: justify"><u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Treasury Stock</u></p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> The Company did not repurchase any of its stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012.</p> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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        <tr>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_TreasuryStockNumberOfSharesAndRestrictionDisclosuresAbstract</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for treasury stock, including, but not limited to, average cost per share, description of share repurchase program, shares repurchased, shares held for each class of treasury stock.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_TreasuryStockTextBlock</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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          </td>
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      </table>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>32
<FILENAME>R5.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EBXAE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from operating activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
        <td class="num">$ (3,228,618)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (2,459,335)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
        <td class="nump">33,459<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">26,108<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
        <td class="nump">1,099,568<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">787,538<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in assets and liabilities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable', window );">Royalty receivables</a></td>
        <td class="num">(275,800)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(239,731)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets', window );">Prepaid expenses and other assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">127,014<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">21,116<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue', window );">Deferred revenue</a></td>
        <td class="nump">38,749<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">53,124<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities', window );">Accounts payable and accrued expenses</a></td>
        <td class="num">(25,986)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(19,113)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities', window );">Net cash used in operating activities</a></td>
        <td class="num">(2,231,614)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(1,830,293)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from investing activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Purchase of fixed assets</a></td>
        <td class="num">(44,539)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(10,609)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments', window );">Change in short term investments</a></td>
        <td class="num">(6,535)<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">203,639<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties', window );">Note receivable and interest on SPD Control Systems</a></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">224,903<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities', window );">Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities</a></td>
        <td class="num">(51,074)<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">417,933<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from financing activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock', window );">Net proceeds from the sale of stock</a></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">6,974,750<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities', window );">Net cash provided by financing activities</a></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">6,974,750<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease', window );">Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
        <td class="num">(2,282,688)<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">5,562,390<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year</a></td>
        <td class="nump">8,390,233<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">2,403,364<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents at end of period</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 6,107,545<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 7,965,754<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Cash<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6506951<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Cash Equivalents<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6507016<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are the amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Includes effect from exchange rate changes.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 830<br><br> -SubTopic 230<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450594&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate expense recognized in the current period that allocates the cost of tangible assets, intangible assets, or depleting assets to periods that benefit from use of the assets.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amounts payable to vendors for goods and services received and the amount of obligations and expenses incurred but not paid.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in amount due within one year (or one business cycle) from customers for the credit sale of goods and services.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period, excluding the portion taken into income, in the liability reflecting revenue yet to be earned for which cash or other forms of consideration was received or recorded as a receivable.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
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        <tr>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the value of prepaid expenses and other assets not separately disclosed in the statement of cash flows, for example, deferred expenses, intangible assets, or income taxes.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3574-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3574-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Paragraph 20<br><br> -Article 9<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Other Comprehensive Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6519514<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Net Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6518256<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 260<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.19)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.18)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26872669&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.22)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 220<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 6<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358780&amp;loc=d3e565-108580<br><br><br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</nobr></td>
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                    <td>duration</td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Investing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6516133<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br> -Subparagraph (c)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment</nobr></td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash outflow for securities or other assets acquired, which qualify for treatment as an investing activity and are to be liquidated, if necessary, within the current operating cycle. Includes cash flows from securities classified as trading securities that were acquired for reasons other than sale in the short-term.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Investing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6516133<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow from the additional capital contribution to the entity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Financing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6513228<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 14<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow from a loan, supported by a promissory note, granted to related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Financing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6513228<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 14<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_RepaymentOfNotesReceivableFromRelatedParties</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate amount of noncash, equity-based employee remuneration. This may include the value of stock or unit options, amortization of restricted stock or units, and adjustment for officers' compensation. As noncash, this element is an add back when calculating net cash generated by operating activities using the indirect method.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>33
<FILENAME>R2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EPWAE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Dec. 31, 2012</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current assets:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 6,107,545<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 8,390,233<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent', window );">Short term investments</a></td>
        <td class="nump">5,059,456<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">5,052,921<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Royalty receivables, net of reserves of $92,723 in 2013 and 2012</a></td>
        <td class="nump">964,118<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">688,318<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">74,935<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">201,949<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total current assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">12,206,054<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">14,333,421<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Fixed assets, net</a></td>
        <td class="nump">70,121<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">59,041<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent', window );">Deposits and other assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">22,605<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">22,605<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">12,298,780<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">14,415,067<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current liabilities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
        <td class="nump">61,238<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">72,269<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities', window );">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</a></td>
        <td class="nump">130,168<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">145,123<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent', window );">Deferred revenue</a></td>
        <td class="nump">63,749<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">25,000<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total current liabilities</a></td>
        <td class="nump">255,155<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">242,392<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies', window );">Commitments and Contingencies</a></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' equity:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Capital stock, par value $0.0001 per share; authorized 100,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding 22,916,095 and 22,646,782 shares for 2013 and 2012</a></td>
        <td class="nump">2,293<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">2,265<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
        <td class="nump">102,741,837<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">101,642,297<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
        <td class="num">(90,700,505)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(87,471,887)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total shareholders' equity</a></td>
        <td class="nump">12,043,625<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">14,172,675<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total liabilities and shareholders' equity</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 12,298,780<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 14,415,067<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Also includes aggregate carrying amount, as of the balance sheet date, of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered and of liabilities not separately disclosed in the balance sheet. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>refr_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Carrying value of amounts transferred to third parties for security purposes that are expected to be returned or applied towards payment after one year or beyond the operating cycle, if longer. Also includes aggregate carrying amount, as of the balance sheet date, of noncurrent assets not separately disclosed in the balance sheet. Noncurrent assets are expected to be realized or consumed after one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>refr_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNonCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>refr_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount due from customers or clients, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer), for goods or services (including trade receivables) that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, reduced to the estimated net realizable fair value by an allowance established by the entity of the amount it deems uncertain of collection.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.3-4)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph a(1)<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Value received from shareholders in common stock-related transactions that are in excess of par value or stated value and amounts received from other stock-related transactions. Includes only common stock transactions (excludes preferred stock transactions). May be called contributed capital, capital in excess of par, capital surplus, or paid-in capital.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 31<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.30(a)(1))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.18)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 12<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 18<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_Assets</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.9)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6801-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Glossary Cash<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6506951<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Glossary Cash Equivalents<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6507016<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 230<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Represents the caption on the face of the balance sheet to indicate that the entity has entered into (1) purchase or supply arrangements that will require expending a portion of its resources to meet the terms thereof, and (2) is exposed to potential losses or, less frequently, gains, arising from (a) possible claims against a company's resources due to future performance under contract terms, and (b) possible losses or likely gains from uncertainties that will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events that are deemed likely to occur do occur or fail to occur.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 450<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 20<br><br><br><br> -Section 50<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=25496072&amp;loc=d3e14326-108349<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.25)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 17<br><br><br><br> -Article 9<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 942<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 210<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.17)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 944<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 210<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.(a),19)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommonStockValue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The carrying amount of consideration received or receivable as of the balance sheet date on potential earnings that were not recognized as revenue in conformity with GAAP, and which are expected to be recognized as such within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, including sales, license fees, and royalties, but excluding interest income.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 605<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 13.A.4(a).Q1)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012821&amp;loc=d3e214044-122780<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br><br><br> -Number Topic 13<br><br><br><br> -Section A<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.32)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 32<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.21)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 21<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of investments in debt and equity securities, including, but not limited to, held-to-maturity, trading and available-for-sale expected to be converted to cash, sold or exchanged within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.2)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 320<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6871852&amp;loc=d3e26626-111562<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (f)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits in future periods, and amount of other assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 360<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 50<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.13)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 31<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 04<br><br><br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.31(a)(3))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 310<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 4.E)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27010918&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br><br><br> -Number Topic 4<br><br><br><br> -Section E<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 29, 30, 31<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
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                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0ESE">
      <tr>
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value Measurements (Details) (USD $)<br>In Millions, unless otherwise specified</strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
        </th>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Cash and cash equivalents, at fair value</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 6.1<span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Fair value portion of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Cash<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6506951<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Cash Equivalents<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6507016<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EUH">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Schedule of Assumptions Used to Value Options Granted to Employees) (Details)<br></strong></div>
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      <tr>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Expected term of share-based compensation awards, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 14.D.2)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27013229&amp;loc=d3e301413-122809<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(i)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br> -Number Topic 14<br><br> -Section D<br><br> -Subsection 2<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>The estimated measure of the percentage by which a share price is expected to fluctuate during a period. Volatility also may be defined as a probability-weighted measure of the dispersion of returns about the mean. The volatility of a share price is the standard deviation of the continuously compounded rates of return on the share over a specified period. That is the same as the standard deviation of the differences in the natural logarithms of the stock prices plus dividends, if any, over the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(ii)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The risk-free interest rate assumption that is used in valuing an option on its own shares.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(iv)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
        </th>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Equity</a></td>
        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="text-align: justify"><u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Equity</u></p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> The Company did not sell any equity securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2013. During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company sold, pursuant to an effective registration statement filed with the SEC, equity in the Company as follows:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">Date</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">Shares Issued</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">Warrants Issued</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">Unit Price</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">Proceeds</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">July 30, 2012</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">589,227</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">117,846</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2.97</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">1,745,549</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;*</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">August 28, 2012</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">1,900,000</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">380,000</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; WIDTH: 1%" nowrap="nowrap">$</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: right; WIDTH: 1%" nowrap="nowrap">2.97</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">$</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">5,229,201</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;**</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 2,489,227</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 497,846</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">$</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 6,974,750</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> </tr> </table> <br /> <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: left"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* Net of fees of $4,455</div> <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: left"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;** Net of fees of $413,719</div> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br> -Number Topic 4<br><br> -Section E<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 235<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(d),(e))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br><br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Preferred Stock<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6521494<br><br><br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br>Reference 12: 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SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 08<br><br> -Paragraph d<br><br> -Article 4<br><br><br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 30<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405834&amp;loc=d3e23285-112656<br><br><br><br></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Note Receivable from SPD Control Systems<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesAbstract', window );"><strong>Note Receivable from SPD Control Systems [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LoansNotesTradeAndOtherReceivablesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Note Receivable from SPD Control Systems</a></td>
        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="text-align: justify"><u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Note Receivable from SPD Control Systems</u></p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> On May 9, 2007, the Company began participating in the funding of the ongoing development of automotive controllers by SPD Control Systems Corp., a licensee of the Company. This development work is to produce the electronic controllers to operate SPD-Smart automotive windows and glass roof systems for one or more of the top five automotive makers in the world. The Company&#39;s funding of this project was reflected in the form of a senior secured convertible promissory note (the "Note") of SPD Control Systems Corp. held by Research Frontiers&#39; wholly-owned subsidiary, SPD Enterprises Inc. The note bore interest at 10% per annum, was secured by all of the assets (including intellectual property) of SPD Control Systems. The Note provided for funding of up to $150,000 by SPD Enterprises based upon the achievement of certain development milestones by SPD Control Systems. As part of a broader agreement between SPD Control Systems and the Company, effective as of May 9, 2010, the maturity date of this Note was extended to May 9, 2012 and the applicable conversion price for the Note was specified as $0.25 per share of SPD Control Systems stock through May 9, 2012 and $0.10 per share thereafter. On March 30, 2012 SPD Control Systems paid Research Frontiers $224,903 in full payment of the principal and accrued interest on the note.</p> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for claims held for amounts due a entity, excluding financing receivables. Examples include, but are not limited to, trade accounts receivables, notes receivables, loans receivables. Includes disclosure for allowance for credit losses.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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                <p>The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity (Tables)<br></strong></div>
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        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Stockholders Equity</a></td>
        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> The Company did not sell any equity securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2013. During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company sold, pursuant to an effective registration statement filed with the SEC, equity in the Company as follows:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">Date</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">Shares Issued</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap">Warrants Issued</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">Unit Price</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="2%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">Proceeds</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">July 30, 2012</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">589,227</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">117,846</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2.97</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">1,745,549</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;*</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">August 28, 2012</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">1,900,000</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">380,000</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; WIDTH: 1%" nowrap="nowrap">$</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: right; WIDTH: 1%" nowrap="nowrap">2.97</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">$</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">5,229,201</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;**</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="87%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 2,489,227</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 497,846</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">$</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 6,974,750</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> </tr> </table> <br /> <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: left"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* Net of fees of $4,455</div> <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: left"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;** Net of fees of $413,719</div> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Tabular disclosure of changes in the separate accounts comprising stockholders' equity (in addition to retained earnings) and of the changes in the number of shares of equity securities during at least the most recent annual fiscal period and any subsequent interim period presented is required to make the financial statements sufficiently informative if both financial position and results of operations are presented.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br><br><br></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Investments<br></strong></div>
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        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Investments</a></td>
        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="text-align: justify"><u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Investments</u></p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> The Company classifies investments in marketable securities as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity at the time of purchase and periodically re-evaluates such classifications. Trading securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses included in earnings. Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at cost and are adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts over the life of the related security. Unrealized holding gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until realized. In determining realized gains and losses, the cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. Interest and dividends on the investments are accrued at the balance sheet date. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 all investments were classified as held to maturity and consisted of the following:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">September 30, 2013</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">December 31, 2012</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="11%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">Certificates of Deposit</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap">Maturity</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">Value of Held to Maturity Investments</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">Value of Held to Maturity Investments</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="11%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">Investment</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap">Date</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">(based on cost)</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">(based on cost)</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,000,000</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">October 17, 2013</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,004,000</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,000,000</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,000,000</td> <td width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">October 17, 2013</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,000,000</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,000,000</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">500,940</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">December 29, 2013</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">501,877</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">500,940</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">300,564</td> <td width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">October 6, 2013</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">301,126</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">300,564</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">251,417</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">March 29, 2014</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 252,453</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 251,417</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">$</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">5,059,456</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">$</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">5,052,921</td> </tr> </table> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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        <tr>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for  investments in certain debt and equity securities.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 6<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27724398&amp;loc=d3e27290-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27724398&amp;loc=d3e27357-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -Glossary Debt Security<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6509901<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 310<br><br> -SubTopic 30<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6379141&amp;loc=d3e15032-111544<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27724398&amp;loc=d3e27232-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 942<br><br> -SubTopic 320<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6957658&amp;loc=d3e62557-112803<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27724398&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27724398&amp;loc=d3e27405-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -Glossary Equity Security<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6511694<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EHDAC">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Schedule of Assumptions Used to Value Options Granted to Consultants) (Details)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2012</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Goods and Nonemployee Services Transaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate', window );">Risk free interest rate</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0.30%<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0.30%<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1', window );">Expected Life of Options (maximum)</a></td>
        <td class="text">1 year 1 month 6 days<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">1 year 9 months 18 days<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">40.00%<span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Period an equity-based award is expected to be outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 50<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6406099&amp;loc=d3e25284-112666<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(i)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1</nobr></td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The estimated measure of the percentage amount by which a share price is expected to fluctuate during the expected term of a nonvested share or option award issued to other than an employee.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 50<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6406099&amp;loc=d3e25284-112666<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(ii)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate</nobr></td>
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                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The risk-free interest rate assumption that is used in valuing a nonvested share or option award issued to other than an employee.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 50<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6406099&amp;loc=d3e25284-112666<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(iv)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate</nobr></td>
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<html>
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    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Investments (Tables)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Sep. 30, 2013</div>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Investments</a></td>
        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; text-align: justify"> At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 all investments were classified as held to maturity and consisted of the following:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">September 30, 2013</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">December 31, 2012</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="11%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">Certificates of Deposit</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap">Maturity</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">Value of Held to Maturity Investments</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">Value of Held to Maturity Investments</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="11%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">Investment</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap">Date</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">(based on cost)</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="15%" colspan="2" nowrap="nowrap">(based on cost)</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,000,000</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">October 17, 2013</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,004,000</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,000,000</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,000,000</td> <td width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">October 17, 2013</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,000,000</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,000,000</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">500,940</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">December 29, 2013</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">501,877</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">500,940</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">300,564</td> <td width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">October 6, 2013</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">301,126</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">300,564</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">251,417</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">March 29, 2014</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 252,453</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 251,417</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="47%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="10%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">$</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">5,059,456</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">$</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="14%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">5,052,921</td> </tr> </table> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Tabular disclosure of all investments in certain debt and equity securities for which the entity has the positive intent and ability to hold until maturity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 6<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27724398&amp;loc=d3e27290-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 310<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28368275&amp;loc=d3e5086-111524<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27724398&amp;loc=d3e27232-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27724398&amp;loc=d3e27337-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 942<br><br> -SubTopic 320<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6957658&amp;loc=d3e62557-112803<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 942<br><br> -SubTopic 320<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6957658&amp;loc=d3e62586-112803<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 815<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6435544&amp;loc=d3e41834-113960<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27724398&amp;loc=d3e27405-111563<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EQAAE">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div>
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				 2013<span></span></td>
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                <p>If the value is true, then the document is an amendment to previously-filed/accepted document.</p>
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                <p>No definition available.</p>
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                <p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in CCYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p>
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                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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                <p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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                    <td>na</td>
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                <p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word "Other".</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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                    <td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation 12B<br><br> -Number 240<br><br> -Section 12b<br><br> -Subsection 1<br><br><br><br></p>
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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                <p>Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.</p>
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                <p>No definition available.</p>
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                <p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: (1) Large Accelerated Filer, (2) Accelerated Filer, (3) Non-accelerated Filer, (4) Smaller Reporting Company (Non-accelerated) or (5) Smaller Reporting Accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p>
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                <p>No definition available.</p>
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                <p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation 12B<br><br> -Number 240<br><br> -Section 12b<br><br> -Subsection 1<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>For an entity that discloses a concentration risk in relation to quantitative amount, which serves as the "benchmark" (or denominator) in the equation, this concept represents the concentration percentage derived from the division.</p>
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