<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001206774-14-001522.txt : 20140505
<SEC-HEADER>0001206774-14-001522.hdr.sgml : 20140505
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20140505161550
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001206774-14-001522
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	10-Q
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		11
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20140331
FILED AS OF DATE:		20140505
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20140505

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			RESEARCH FRONTIERS INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000793524
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PATENT OWNERS & LESSORS [6794]
		IRS NUMBER:				112103466
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		10-Q
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	000-14893
		FILM NUMBER:		14813642

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		240 CROSSWAYS PARK DR
		CITY:			WOODBURY
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			11797-2033
		BUSINESS PHONE:		5163641902

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		240 CROSSWAYS PARK DR
		CITY:			WOODBURY
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			11797-2033
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>10-Q
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>refr_10q.htm
<DESCRIPTION>QUARTERLY REPORT
<TEXT>

<HTML>
<HEAD>
   <TITLE></TITLE>
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<BODY bgcolor=#ffffff>
<BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION<BR>WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>FORM 10-Q </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13
OR 15 (d) OF<BR>THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>For Quarter Ended </FONT><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>March 31, 2014</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> Commission
File No. </FONT><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1-9399</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<DIV align=center>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="10%" border=0>

  <TR>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="100%" colSpan=2>
      <P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS
      INCORPORATED</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="99%"><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(Exact name of registrant
      as specified in
      charter)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV><BR>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Delaware</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="46%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="50%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="3%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>11-2103466</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(State of incorporation or organization)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="46%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="50%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(IRS Employer</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="46%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="50%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Identification
No.)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>240 Crossways Park Drive, Woodbury, N.Y.</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="46%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="47%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="5%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="1%"><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">11797</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Address of principal executive offices)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="46%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="47%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="6%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Zip
Code)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<DIV align=center>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="10%" border=0>

  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=center width="50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="1%">
      <P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(516)
      364-1902</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=center width="50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=center width="101%" colSpan=3><FONT size=2>(Registrant's telephone number, including area
  code)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV><BR>
<P STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and
(2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90
days.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Yes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><U>X</U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>No&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; __ </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if
any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to
Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (&#167;232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12
months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit
and post such
files).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Yes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><U>X</U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>No&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; __</FONT></FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated
filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of &#147;large accelerated
filer,&#148; &#147;accelerated filer&#148; and &#147;smaller reporting company&#148; in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one): </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="24%" STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Large accelerated filer [&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;]</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="25%" STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Accelerated filer [X]</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="25%" STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Non-accelerated filer [&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;]</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="25%" STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Smaller reporting company
  [&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;]</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). </FONT></P>
<DIV STYLE="text-align: center">
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="10%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="50%" STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Yes [&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;]</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="49%" STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No [X]</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV><BR>
<P STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Indicate the number of
shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the
latest practicable date: As of May 5, 2014, there were outstanding 23,124,465
shares of Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share.</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS
INCORPORATED<BR>Consolidated Balance Sheets </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>March
      31</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap align=center width="5%" colSpan=3></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2014</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap align=center width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT size=2>December
      31</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#ffffff><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="5%" bgColor=#ffffff colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(Unaudited)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="5%" bgColor=#ffffff colSpan=3><FONT size=2>2013</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Current assets:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Cash and cash
    equivalents</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,097,924</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,866,123</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Short-term
      investments</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,077,970</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,076,930</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Royalty receivables, net
      of reserves of $173,921 in</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2014
      and 2013</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>860,430</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>867,162</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepaid expenses and
      other current assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>80,181</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>135,080</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total
      current assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>11,116,505</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>11,945,295</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=10>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fixed
      assets, net</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101,535</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>64,365</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Deposits and other
      assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>33,567</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>22,605</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total
      assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>11,251,607</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>12,032,265</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=10>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#ffffff><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Liabilities and Shareholders&#146;
    Equity</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Current liabilities:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts
payable</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>138,385</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>56,603</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued expenses and
      other</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>201,476</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>80,725</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred
revenue</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>56,250</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>25,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total
      current liabilities</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>396,111</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>162,328</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=10>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Shareholders&#146; equity:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Common stock, par value
      $0.0001 per share;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;authorized 100,000,000
      shares, issued and outstanding</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;23,124,465 and 23,109,665
      shares for 2014 and 2013</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,312</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,311</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Additional paid-in
      capital</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>105,319,221</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>105,184,600</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accumulated
    deficit</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(94,466,037</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(93,316,974</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total
      shareholders&#146; equity</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>10,855,496</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>11,869,937</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=10>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total
      liabilities and shareholders&#146; equity</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="87%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>11,251,607</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>12,032,265</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>See accompanying notes to consolidated
financial statements. </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS
INCORPORATED<BR>Consolidated Statements of Operations<BR>(Unaudited) </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="11%" colSpan=7><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Three months ended</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>March 31, 2014</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>March 31, 2013</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fee income</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>308,347</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>707,231</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Operating expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,016,238</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,667,831</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Research and development</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>449,813</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>636,436</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total
      Expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1,466,051</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,304,267</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Operating
      loss</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(1,157,704</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(1,597,036</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Net investment income</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>8,641</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>7,852</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net
    loss</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(1,149,063</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(1,589,184</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Basic and diluted net loss</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;per common
      share</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(0.05</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(0.07</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Weighted average number of</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;common shares
      outstanding</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>23,117,229</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>22,916,095</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>See accompanying notes to consolidated
financial statements. </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS
INCORPORATED<BR>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows<BR>(Unaudited) </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="11%" colSpan=7><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Three
      months ended</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>March
      31, 2014</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap style="text-align: center" width="1%"><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">March 31,
      2013</FONT> &nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash flows from operating
      activities:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Net loss</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(1,149,063</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(1,589,184</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Adjustments to reconcile net loss to
      net cash</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>used in operating activities:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Depreciation
      and amortization</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6,075</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>10,321</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Stock-based
      compensation</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>52,334</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>713,631</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Change in
      assets and liabilities:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Royalty
      receivables</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6,732</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(109,941</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepaid
      expenses and other current assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>43,937</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>113,869</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred
      revenue</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>31,250</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>166,250</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts
      payable and accrued expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>202,533</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>131,254</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net
      cash used in operating activities</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(806,202</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(563,800</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash flows from investing
      activities:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Purchases of
      fixed assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(43,245</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(11,127</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Change in short
      term investments</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(1,040</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>-</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net
      cash used in investing activities</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(44,285</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(11,127</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash flows from financing
      activities:</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net proceeds
      from exercise of options and warrants</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>82,288</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>-</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net
      cash provided by financing activities</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>82,288</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>-</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Net decrease in cash and
      cash equivalents</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(768,199</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(574,927</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=8>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash and cash equivalents at beginning
      of year</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,866,123</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>8,390,233</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Cash and cash equivalents at end of year</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,097,924</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>7,815,306</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>See accompanying notes to consolidated
financial statements.</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS INCORPORATED<BR>Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements<BR>March 31, 2014<BR>(Unaudited)
</FONT></P>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Basis of Presentation</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The accompanying unaudited consolidated
condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles (&#147;GAAP&#148;) for interim financial
information and with the instructions to Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X.
Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required
by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all
adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. All
such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Operating results for the
three months ended March 31, 2014 are not necessarily indicative of the results
that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2014. For further
information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes
thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K relating to Research
Frontiers Incorporated (the &#147;Company&#148;) for the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013. </FONT></P>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Business</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Research Frontiers Incorporated (&#147;Research
Frontiers&#148; or the &#147;Company&#148;) operates in a single business segment which is
engaged in the development and marketing of technology and devices to control
the flow of light. Such devices, often referred to as &#147;light valves&#148; or
suspended particle devices (SPDs), use colloidal particles that are either
incorporated within a liquid suspension or a film, which is usually enclosed
between two sheets of glass or plastic having transparent, electrically
conductive coatings on the facing surfaces thereof. At least one of the two
sheets is transparent. SPD technology, made possible by a flexible light-control
film invented by Research Frontiers, allows the user to instantly and precisely
control the shading of glass/plastic manually or automatically. SPD technology
has numerous product applications, including: SPD-Smart&#153; windows, sunshades,
skylights and interior partitions for homes and buildings; automotive windows;
sunroofs, sun-visors, sunshades, rear-view mirrors, instrument panels and
navigation systems; aircraft windows; eyewear products; and flat panel displays
for electronic products. SPD-Smart light control film is now being developed
for, or used in, architectural, automotive, marine, aerospace and appliance
applications. </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has historically utilized its
cash and the proceeds from the sale of its investments to fund its research and
development of SPD light valves, for marketing initiatives, and for other
working capital purposes. The Company&#146;s working capital and capital requirements
depend upon numerous factors, including the results of research and development
activities, competitive and technological developments, the timing and cost of
patent filings, and the development of new licensees and changes in the
Company&#146;s relationships with its existing licensees. The degree of dependence of
the Company&#146;s working capital requirements on each of the forgoing factors
cannot be quantified; increased research and development activities and related
costs would increase such requirements; the addition of new licensees may
provide additional working capital or working capital requirements, and changes
in relationships with existing licensees would have a favorable or negative
impact depending on the nature of such changes. There can be no assurance that
expenditures will not exceed the anticipated amounts or that additional
financing, if required, will be available when needed or, if available, that&#146;s
its terms will be favorable or acceptable to the Company. Eventual success of
the Company and generation of positive cash flow will be dependent upon the
commercialization of products using the Company&#146;s technology by the Company&#146;s
licensees and payments of continuing royalties on account thereof. To date, the
Company has not generated sufficient revenue from its licensees to fund its
operations.</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Patent Costs</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company expenses costs relating to the
development or acquisition of patents due to the uncertainty of the
recoverability of these items. </FONT></P>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Revenue Recognition</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has entered into a number of
license agreements covering its light-control technology. The Company receives
minimum annual royalties under certain license agreements and records fee income
on a ratable basis each quarter. In instances when sales of licensed products by
its licensees exceed minimum annual royalties, the Company recognizes fee income
as the amounts have been earned. Certain of the fees are accrued by, or paid to,
the Company in advance of the period in which they are earned resulting in
deferred revenue. Such excess amounts are recorded as deferred revenue and
recognized into income in future periods as earned. </FONT></P>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fee Income</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fee income represents amounts earned by
the Company under various license and other agreements relating to technology
developed by the Company. During the first three months of 2014, two licensees
accounted for 10% or more of fee income of the Company; these licensees
accounted for approximately 47% and 11% respectively of fee income recognized
during this period. During the first three months of 2013, three licensees
accounted for 10% or more of fee income of the Company; these licensees
accounted for approximately 36%, 25% and 10% respectively of fee income
recognized during such period. </FONT></P>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Stock-Based
Compensation</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>GAAP requires that all stock-based
compensation be recognized as an expense in the financial statements and that
such costs be measured at the fair value of the award.</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has granted
options/warrants to consultants. These awards generally vest ratably over 12 to
60 months from the date of grant and the Company charges to operations quarterly
the current market value of the options using the Black-Scholes method. During
the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 a benefit of ($79,310) and
($1,193), respectively, and was recorded to operations reflecting the fair value
of the options using the Black-Scholes method with the following weighted
average assumptions: </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="50%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="3%" STYLE="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2014</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="3%" STYLE="border-bottom: #000000 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2013</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Risk free interest rate</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>0.4%</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>0.3%</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Option Life</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1.4 years</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2.0 years</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="89%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Volatility</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>46%</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>54%</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>

<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>6 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company granted 80,200 fully vested
options to employees during the three months ended March 31, 2013 and recorded share-based compensation of $173,120. The
Company valued these grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model
with the following assumptions: </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="50%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="25%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="71%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Risk free interest rate</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>0.8%</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="25%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="71%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Option Life</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5 years</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="25%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="71%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Volatility</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="3%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>71%</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>

        <P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company did not grant any stock options to employees and directors during the three months ended March 31, 2014.</font></p>


    <P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>In connection with the restricted stock
grants to employees and directors, the Company charged $131,644 and $541,704 to
operations during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 respectively. As of March 31, 2014, remaining
unamortized compensation costs in connection with these restricted stock grants was $626,819
which will be recognized over the next 21 month period.</FONT></P>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Income Taxes</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Since inception, the Company has incurred
losses from operations and as a result has not recorded income tax expense.
Benefits related to net operating loss carryforwards and deferred items have
been fully reserved since it was not more likely than not that the Company would
achieve profitable operations.</FONT></P>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Equity</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company did not sell any equity
securities during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. The Company
received proceeds of $82,288 during the three months ended March 31, 2014 in
connection with stock issued by the exercise of options granted to an employee.
</FONT></P>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Treasury Stock</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company did not repurchase any of its
stock during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. </FONT></P>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Investments</FONT></U></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company classifies investments in
marketable securities as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity at the
time of purchase and periodically re-evaluates such classifications. Trading
securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses
included in earnings. Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at cost and are
adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts over the
life of the related security. Unrealized holding gains and losses on
available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a
separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until
realized. In determining realized gains and losses, the cost of securities sold
is based on the specific identification method. Interest and dividends on the
investments are accrued at the balance sheet date. At March 31, 2014 and
December 31, 2013 all investments were classified as held to maturity and
consisted of the following: </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="80%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>March 31, 2014</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="6%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>December 31, 2013</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="4%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Certificates of Deposit</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="80%"></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Maturity</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Value of Held to Muturity
    Investment</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="6%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Value of Held to Muturity
    Investment</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="4%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Investment</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="80%"></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Date</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="5%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(based on cost)</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" noWrap width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=center width="6%" colSpan=3><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>(based on cost)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,007,997</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="80%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>April 18, 2014</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,007,997</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,007,997</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,011,967</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="80%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>October 17, 2014</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,011,967</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2,011,967</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>502,820</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="80%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>June 29, 2014</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>502,820</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>502,821</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>301,692</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="80%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>April 6, 2014</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>301,692</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>301,692</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>253,492</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="80%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>December 29,<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2014</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>253,494</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>252,453</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%" bgColor=#c0c0c0></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="80%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,077,970</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="2%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="1%"></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=left width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>$</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double" noWrap align=right width="2%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5,076,930</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=right width="2%"></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>7 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Fair Value Measurements</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>We value financial instruments using a
three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring
fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as
quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2,
defined as inputs other than quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in
active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3,
defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists,
therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Financial assets accounted for at fair
value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2014 include cash, cash equivalents and
short term investments of approximately $10.2 million. These assets are carried
at fair value based on quoted market prices for identical securities (Level 1
inputs). </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Management&#146;s Discussion and Analysis
of<BR></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Financial Condition and Results of
Operations </FONT></P>
<P align=left><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><U>Critical Accounting Policies</u></FONT></B></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The following accounting policies are
important to understanding our financial condition and results of operations and
should be read as an integral part of the discussion and analysis of the results
of our operations and financial position. For additional accounting policies,
see note 2 to our consolidated financial statements, &#147;Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies&#148; in our Form 10-K report for the period ending December 31,
2013.</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has entered into a number of
license agreements covering products using the Company&#146;s SPD
technology. The Company receives fees and minimum annual royalties under certain
license agreements and records fee income on a ratable basis each quarter. In
instances when sales of licensed products by its licensees exceed minimum annual
royalties, the Company recognizes fee income as the amounts have been earned.
Certain of the fees are accrued by, or paid to, the Company in advance of the
period in which they are earned resulting in deferred revenue.</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company expenses costs relating to the
development or acquisition of patents due to the uncertainty of the
recoverability of these items. All of our research and development costs are
charged to operations as incurred. Our research and development expenses consist
of costs incurred for internal and external research and development. These
costs include direct and indirect overhead expenses.</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has historically used the
Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the estimated fair value of each
option grant. The Black-Scholes model includes assumptions regarding dividend
yields, expected volatility, expected lives, and risk-free interest rates. These
assumptions reflect our best estimates, but these items involve uncertainties
based on market conditions generally outside of our control. As a result, if
other assumptions had been used in the current period, stock-based compensation
expense could have been materially impacted. Furthermore, if management uses
different assumptions in future periods, stock-based compensation expense could
be materially impacted in future years.</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>On occasion, the Company may issue
consultants either options or warrants to purchase shares of common stock of the
Company at specified share prices. These options or warrants may vest based upon
specific services being performed or performance criteria being met. In
accounting for equity instruments that are issued to other than employees for
acquiring, or in conjunction with selling, goods or services, the Company would be
required to record consulting expenses based upon the fair value of such options
or warrants on the earlier of the service period or the period that such
options or warrants vest as determined using a Black-Scholes option pricing
model.</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>8 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">


<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The preparation of financial statements in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ
from these estimates. An example of a critical estimate is the full valuation
allowance for deferred taxes that was recorded based on the uncertainty that such tax
benefits would be realized in future periods.</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><B><U>Results of Operations</u></b></FONT></P>
<P align=left><I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Three months ended March 31, 2014
Compared to the Three months ended March 31, 2013 </FONT></I></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The majority of the Company&#146;s fee income
comes from the activities of several licensees participating in the automotive
market. The Company currently believes that the automotive market will be the
largest source of its royalty income over the next several years. The Company&#146;s
royalty income from this market may be influenced by numerous factors including
various trends affecting demand in the automotive industry and the rate of
introduction of new technology in OEM product lines. In addition to these macro
factors, the Company&#146;s royalty income from the automotive market could also be
influenced by specific factors such as whether the Company&#146;s SPD SmartGlass
technology appears as standard equipment or as an option of a particular
vehicle, the number of additional vehicle models that SPD-SmartGlass appears on,
the size of each window on a vehicle and the number of windows on a vehicle that
use SPD-SmartGlass, fluctuations in the total number of vehicles produced by a
manufacturer, and in the percentage of cars within model like produced with
SPD-SmartGlass, and changes in pricing or exchange rates.</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company&#146;s fee income from licensing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2014 decreased to $308,347 from $707,231 for the three months ended March 31, 2013.  Most of the decrease in fee income during this period was a result of non-recurring revenue recorded in the first quarter of 2013 such as a one-time payment by a licensee in the first quarter of 2013 that did not recur in the first quarter of 2014, increased upfront fees in the first quarter of 2013 from two new license agreements entered into during such quarter (compared to no new license agreements entered into during the first quarter of 2014), and a reduction in automotive fee income resulting from a pre-scheduled shut down for maintenance and other modifications of the factory lines producing the Mercedes-Benz SLK and SL roadsters which reduced  the total number of SLK and SL vehicles produced during the early part of the first quarter of 2014. Certain license
fees, which are paid to the Company in advance of the accounting period in which
they are earned resulting in the recognition of deferred revenue for the current
accounting period, which will be recognized as fee income in future periods.
Also, licensees may offset some or all of their royalty payments on sales of
licensed products for a given period by applying these advance payments towards
such earned royalty payments. Because the Company&#146;s license agreements typically
provide for the payment of royalties by a licensee on product sales within 45
days after the end of the quarter in which a sale of a licensed product occurs
(with some of the Company&#146;s more recent license agreements providing for
payments on a monthly basis), and because of the time period which typically
will elapse between a customer order and the sale of the licensed product and
installation in a home, office building, automobile, aircraft, boat or any other
product, there could be a delay between when economic activity between a
licensee and its customer occurs and when the Company gets paid its royalty
resulting from such activity.</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Operating expenses decreased by $651,593
for the three months ended March 31, 2014 to $1,016,238 from $1,667,831 for the
three months ended March 31, 2013. This decrease was principally the result of
lower non-cash compensation charges related to common stock, option and warrant
grants to consultants, directors and employees ($501,000) primarily due to timing of the Company&#146;s annual grant, as well as lower cash
directors fees and expenses ($82,000) and lower marketing and investor relations
costs ($63,000). </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Research and development expenditures
decreased by $186,623 to $449,813 for the three months ended March 31, 2014 from
$636,436 for the three months ended March 31, 2013. This decrease was
principally the result of lower non-cash compensation charges related to common
stock and options granted to employees ($153,000) primarily due to timing of the Company&#146;s annual grant, as well as lower materials
costs ($35,000). </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>9</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company&#146;s net investment income for
the three months ended March 31, 2014 was $8,641 compared to than $7,852 earned for the three months ended March 31, 2013.
</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>No income tax expense or benefit was
recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2014 or 2013 due to the Company&#146;s
history of incurring net operating losses. </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>As a consequence of the factors discussed
above, the Company&#146;s net loss was $1,149,063 ($0.05 per common share) for the
three months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to $1,589,184 ($0.07 per common
share) for the three months ended March 31, 2013. </FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><B><u>Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital
Resources</u></b></FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company has primarily utilized its
cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, and the proceeds from its
investments to fund its research and development, for marketing initiatives, and
for other working capital purposes. The Company&#146;s working capital and capital
requirements depend upon numerous factors, including, but not limited to, the
results of research and development activities, competitive and technological
developments, the timing and costs of patent filings, and the development of new
licensees and changes in the Company&#146;s relationship with existing licensees. The
degree of dependence of the Company&#146;s working capital requirements on each of
the foregoing factors cannot be quantified; increased research and development
activities and related costs would increase such requirements; the addition of
new licensees may provide additional working capital or working capital
requirements, and changes in relationships with existing licensees would have a
favorable or negative impact depending upon the nature of such
changes.</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>During the three months ended March 31,
2014, the Company&#146;s cash and cash equivalents balance decreased by $768,199. The
decline was mainly due to cash used for operations of $806,202 and the purchase
of fixed assets of $43,245 partially offset by cash of $82,288 received from the
exercise of employee stock options. As of March 31, 2014 the Company had working capital (total current assets less total current liabilities) of $10,720,394 and total shareholder's equity of $10,855,496.</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Company expects to use its cash to
fund its research and development of SPD light valves, its expanded marketing
initiatives, and for other working capital purposes. The Company&#146;s working
capital and capital requirements depend upon numerous factors, including the
results of research and development activities, competitive and technological
developments, the timing and cost of patent filings, the development of new
licensees and changes in the Company&#146;s relationships with its existing licensees.
The degree of dependence of the Company&#146;s working capital requirements on each
of the foregoing factors cannot be quantified; increased research and
development activities and related costs would increase such requirements; the
addition of new licensees may provide additional working capital or working
capital requirements, and changes in relationships with existing licensees would
have a favorable or negative impact depending upon the nature of such changes.
Based upon existing levels of cash expenditures, existing cash reserves and
budgeted revenues, the Company believes that it would not require additional
funding for the foreseeable future. There can be no assurances that expenditures
will not exceed the anticipated amounts or that additional financing, if
required, will be available when needed or, if available, that its terms will be
favorable or acceptable to the Company. Eventual success of the Company and
generation of positive cash flow will be dependent upon the extent of
commercialization of products using the Company&#146;s technology by the Company&#146;s
licensees and payments of continuing royalties on account thereof. To date the
Company has not generated sufficient revenue from licensees to fund its
operations.</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>10 </FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative
Disclosures About Market Risk</FONT></U></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The information required by Item 3 has
been disclosed in Item 7A of the Company&#146;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 2013. There has been no material change in the
disclosure regarding market risk.</FONT></P>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Item 4. Controls and
Procedures</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=left><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and
Procedures </FONT></B></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Our disclosure controls and procedures, as
defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act, are designed to
ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or
submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported
within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. We designed
our disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be
disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is
accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal
executive and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding
required disclosure. Our chief executive officer and chief financial officer,
with assistance from other members of our management, have reviewed the
effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2014,
and, based on their evaluation, have concluded that our disclosure controls and
procedures were effective. </FONT></P>
<P align=left><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Changes in Internal Control Over
Financial Reporting </FONT></B></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>There were no changes in our internal
control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of
the Exchange Act) during the three months ended March 31, 2014 that have
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal
control over financial reporting. </FONT></P>
<P align=left><B><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Forward-Looking
Statements</FONT></U></B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The information set forth in this Report
and in all publicly disseminated information about the Company, including the
narrative contained in &#147;Management&#146;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations&#148; above, includes &#147;forward-looking
statements&#148; within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, and is subject to the safe harbor created by that section.
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking
statements as they speak only as of the date hereof and are not guaranteed.
</FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>11</FONT></P>
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<DIV style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always"></DIV><BR>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>PART II. </FONT></U><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>OTHER INFORMATION</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=left><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Item 6. Exhibits</FONT></U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>

  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>31.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Joseph M.
      Harary - Filed herewith.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>31.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Seth L. Van
      Voorhees - Filed herewith.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>32.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Section 1350 Certification of Joseph M. Harary - Filed
      herewith.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>32.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Section 1350 Certification of Seth L. Van Voorhees -
      Filed herewith.</FONT></TD></TR>
   <TR>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.INS</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Instance Document
</FONT></TD></TR>

    <TR>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.SCH</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema</FONT></TD></TR>

    <TR>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.PRE</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
</FONT></TD></TR>

    <TR>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.LAB</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
</FONT></TD></TR>

    <TR>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.CAL</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
</FONT></TD></TR>

    <TR>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>101.DEF</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P align=center><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>SIGNATURES</FONT></B></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunder duly authorized. </FONT></P>
<DIV align=right>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="60%" border=0>

  <TR>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap width="50%">
      <P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>RESEARCH FRONTIERS
      INCORPORATED</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT size=2 face="Times New Roman">(Registrant)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=2>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=2>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" width="50%">
      <P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Joseph M.
      Harary</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=2>
      <P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Joseph M. Harary, President, CEO and
      Treasurer<BR>(Principal Executive)</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=2>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
    <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=2>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" width="50%">
      <P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Seth L. Van
      Voorhees</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="100%" colSpan=2>
      <P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Seth L. Van Voorhees, Vice
      President, CFO and Treasurer<BR>(Principal Financial and Accounting
      Officer) </FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Date: May 5, 2014 </FONT></P></DIV>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>12</FONT></P>
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<TYPE>EX-31.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>exhibit31-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>RULE 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) CERTIFICATION OF JOSEPH M. HARARY - FILED HEREWITH
<TEXT>
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<BR>
<P align=left><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>EXHIBIT
31.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CERTIFICATION</FONT></B></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I, </FONT><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Joseph M. Harary,</FONT></B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>certify that:</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1. I have reviewed this quarterly
report on Form 10-Q of Research Frontiers Incorporated (the
&#147;registrant&#148;);</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2. Based on my knowledge, this report
does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the
circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect
to the period covered by this report;</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3. Based on my knowledge, the
consolidated financial statements, and other financial information included in
this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition,
results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the
periods presented in this report;</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4. The registrant's other certifying
officer&#146;s and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and
15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: </FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>a) Designed such disclosure controls
and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the
registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by
others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this
report is being prepared; </FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>b) Designed such internal control over
financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to
be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles;</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the
registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures,
as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>d) Disclosed in this report any change
in the registrant&#146;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred
during the registrant&#146;s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant&#146;s fourth
fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or
is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&#146;s internal control
over financial reporting; and </FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5. The registrant's other certifying
officer&#146;s and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal
control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit
committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent functions):</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>a) All significant deficiencies and
material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the
registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>b) Any fraud, whether or not material,
that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant's internal control over financial reporting. </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="54%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Dated:&nbsp;May 5, 2014</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Joseph M. Harary</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="45%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="54%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="46%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Joseph M. Harary</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="54%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="46%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>President, Chief Executive
      Officer</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>13</FONT></P>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>exhibit31-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>RULE 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) CERTIFICATION OF SETH L. VAN VOORHEES - FILED HEREWITH
<TEXT>
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<P align=left><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>EXHIBIT
31.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CERTIFICATION</FONT></B><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></B></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I, </FONT><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Seth L. Van Voorhees,</FONT></B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> certify
that:</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1. I have reviewed this quarterly
report on Form 10-Q of Research Frontiers Incorporated (the
&#147;registrant&#148;);</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2. Based on my knowledge, this report
does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the
circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect
to the period covered by this report;</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>3. Based on my knowledge, the
consolidated financial statements, and other financial information included in
this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition,
results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the
periods presented in this report;</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>4. The registrant's other certifying
officer&#146;s and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and
15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: </FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>a) Designed such disclosure controls
and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the
registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by
others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this
report is being prepared; </FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>b) Designed such internal control over
financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to
be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles;</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the
registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures,
as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>d) Disclosed in this report any change
in the registrant&#146;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred
during the registrant&#146;s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant&#146;s fourth
fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or
is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&#146;s internal control
over financial reporting; and </FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>5. The registrant's other certifying
officer&#146;s and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal
control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit
committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent functions):</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>a) All significant deficiencies and
material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the
registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and</FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>b) Any fraud, whether or not material,
that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant's internal control over financial reporting. </FONT></P>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="53%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Dated: May 5, 2014</FONT></TD>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Seth L. Van Voorhees</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="45%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="53%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="46%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Seth L. Van Voorhees</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="53%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="46%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Vice President, Chief Financial
      Officer,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="53%"></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="46%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Treasurer and Principal Accounting
      Officer</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>14</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">


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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.1
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>exhibit32-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATION OF JOSEPH M. HARARY - FILED HEREWITH
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<BR>
<P align=left><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>EXHIBIT 32.1</FONT></B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2> </FONT></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO<BR>18 U.S.C.
SECTION 1350,<BR>AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO<BR></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 </FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In
connection with the Quarterly Report of Research Frontiers Incorporated (the
&#147;Company&#148;) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Joseph
M. Harary, President and Chief Executive Officer and Principal Executive Officer
of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant
to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:</FONT></P>
<TABLE style="TEXT-ALIGN: left" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>

  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Report fully complies with
      the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the
      Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD colSpan=2>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The information contained in the
      Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition
      and results of operations of the Company.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD colSpan=2>&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Joseph M. Harary</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Joseph M. Harary</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>President, Chief Executive Officer and
      Principal Executive Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>May 5, 2014</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>15</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">


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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.2
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>exhibit32-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATION OF SETH L. VAN VOORHEES - FILED HEREWITH
<TEXT>
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<TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<BR>
<P align=left><B><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>EXHIBIT 32.2</FONT></B></P>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO<BR>18 U.S.C.
SECTION 1350,<BR>AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO<BR></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 </FONT></P>
<P align=left><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In
connection with the Quarterly Report of Research Frontiers Incorporated (the
&#147;Company&#148;) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Seth L.
Van Voorhees, Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Principal
Accounting Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
</FONT></P>
<TABLE style="TEXT-ALIGN: left" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>

  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The Report fully complies with
      the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the
      Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD colSpan=2>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=top noWrap><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>The information contained in the
      Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition
      and results of operations of the Company.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD colSpan=2>&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<TABLE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>

  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" noWrap align=left width="1%"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>/s/ Seth L. Van Voorhees</FONT></TD>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="99%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Seth L. Van Voorhees</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Vice President, Chief Financial
      Officer,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Treasurer and Principal Accounting
      Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR vAlign=bottom>
    <TD noWrap align=left width="100%" colSpan=2><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>May 5, 2014</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><BR>
<P align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>16</FONT></P>
<HR align=center width="100%" noShade size="2">

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  <us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare id="CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD_per_share" decimals="INF">0.0001</us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare>
  <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized id="CommonStockSharesAuthorized.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">100000000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized>
  <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized id="CommonStockSharesAuthorized.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">100000000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized>
  <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued id="CommonStockSharesIssued.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">23124465</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued>
  <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued id="CommonStockSharesIssued.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">23109665</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued>
  <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding id="CommonStockSharesOutstanding.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">23124465</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding>
  <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding id="CommonStockSharesOutstanding.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">23109665</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding>
  <us-gaap:CommonStockValue id="CommonStockValue.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2312</us-gaap:CommonStockValue>
  <us-gaap:CommonStockValue id="CommonStockValue.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2311</us-gaap:CommonStockValue>
  <us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskPercentage1 id="ConcentrationRiskPercentage1.10309.4742.1143.29498.4226.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.4742.1143.29498.4226.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.36</us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskPercentage1>
  <us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskPercentage1 id="ConcentrationRiskPercentage1.10310.4742.1143.29498.4226.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.4742.1143.29498.4226.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.47</us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskPercentage1>
  <us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskPercentage1 id="ConcentrationRiskPercentage1.10309.4742.1143.29499.4226.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.4742.1143.29499.4226.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.25</us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskPercentage1>
  <us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskPercentage1 id="ConcentrationRiskPercentage1.10310.4742.1143.29499.4226.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.4742.1143.29499.4226.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.11</us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskPercentage1>
  <us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskPercentage1 id="ConcentrationRiskPercentage1.10309.4742.1143.29500.4226.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.4742.1143.29500.4226.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="1">0.1</us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskPercentage1>
  <us-gaap:DeferredRevenueCurrent id="DeferredRevenueCurrent.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">56250</us-gaap:DeferredRevenueCurrent>
  <us-gaap:DeferredRevenueCurrent id="DeferredRevenueCurrent.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">25000</us-gaap:DeferredRevenueCurrent>
  <us-gaap:DeferredRevenueDisclosureTextBlock id="DeferredRevenueDisclosureTextBlock.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Revenue Recognition&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; The Company has entered into a number of license agreements covering its light-control technology. The Company receives minimum annual royalties under certain license agreements and records fee income on a ratable basis each quarter. In instances when sales of licensed products by its licensees exceed minimum annual royalties, the Company recognizes fee income as the amounts have been earned. Certain of the fees are accrued by, or paid to, the Company in advance of the period in which they are earned resulting in deferred revenue. Such excess amounts are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized into income in future periods as earned.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:DeferredRevenueDisclosureTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization id="DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">10321</us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization>
  <us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization id="DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">6075</us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization>
  <us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock id="DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Stock-Based Compensation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; GAAP requires that all stock-based compensation be recognized as an expense in the financial statements and that such costs be measured at the fair value of the award.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; The Company has granted options/warrants to consultants. These awards generally vest ratably over 12 to 60 months from the date of grant and the Company charges to operations quarterly the current market value of the options using the Black-Scholes method. During the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 a benefit of ($79,310) and ($1,193), respectively, and was recorded to operations reflecting the fair value of the options using the Black-Scholes method with the following weighted average assumptions:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;0.4%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;0.3%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Option Life&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;1.4 years&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2.0 years&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt; Volatility&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;46%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;54%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; The Company granted 80,200 fully vested options to employees during the three months ended March 31, 2013 and recorded share-based compensation of $173,120. The Company valued these grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="25%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="71%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;0.8%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="25%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="71%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Option Life&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;5 years&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="25%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="71%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt; Volatility&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;71%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; The Company did not grant any stock options to employees and directors during the three months ended March 31, 2014.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; In connection with the restricted stock grants to employees and directors, the Company charged $131,644 and $541,704 to operations during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 respectively. As of March 31, 2014, remaining unamortized compensation costs in connection with these restricted stock grants was $626,819 which will be recognized over the next 21 month period.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted id="EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD_per_share" decimals="2">-0.07</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted>
  <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted id="EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD_per_share" decimals="2">-0.05</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted>
  <us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized id="EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">626819</us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized>
  <us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1 id="EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">P21M</us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1>
  <us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock id="FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Fair Value Measurements&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; We value financial instruments using a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; Financial assets accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2014 include cash, cash equivalents and short term investments of approximately $10.2 million. These assets are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices for identical securities (Level 1 inputs).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense id="GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1667831</us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense>
  <us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense id="GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1016238</us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.10305.29507.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.29507.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2007997</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.10306.29507.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.29507.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2007997</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.10305.29508.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.29508.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2011967</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.10306.29508.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.29508.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2011967</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.10305.29509.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.29509.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">502820</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.10306.29509.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.29509.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">502821</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.10305.29510.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.29510.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">301692</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.10306.29510.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.29510.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">301692</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.10305.29511.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.29511.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">253494</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.10306.29511.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.29511.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">252453</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.10305.997.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.997.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">5077970</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent.10306.997.226.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.997.226.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">5076930</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock id="HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 all investments were classified as held to maturity and consisted of the following:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="5%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;March 31, 2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;December 31, 2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="4%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Certificates of Deposit&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Maturity&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="5%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Value of Held to Muturity Investment&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Value of Held to Muturity Investment&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="4%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap" align="center"&gt; Investment&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="center"&gt;Date&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="5%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap" align="center"&gt;(based on cost)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap" align="center"&gt;(based on cost)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,007,997&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;April 18, 2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,007,997&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,007,997&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,011,967&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;October 17, 2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,011,967&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,011,967&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;502,820&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;June 29, 2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;502,820&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;502,821&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;301,692&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;April 6, 2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;301,692&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;301,692&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;253,492&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;December 29, &lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2014&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 253,494&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 252,453&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;5,077,970&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;5,076,930&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:HeldToMaturitySecuritiesTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock id="IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Income Taxes&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; Since inception, the Company has incurred losses from operations and as a result has not recorded income tax expense. Benefits related to net operating loss carryforwards and deferred items have been fully reserved since it was not more likely than not that the Company would achieve profitable operations.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities id="IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">131254</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities id="IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">202533</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable id="IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">109941</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable id="IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-6732</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue id="IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">166250</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue id="IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">31250</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets id="IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-113869</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets>
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets id="IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-43937</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets>
  <us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock id="IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Patent Costs&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; The Company expenses costs relating to the development or acquisition of patents due to the uncertainty of the recoverability of these items.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:InvestmentIncomeInterest id="InvestmentIncomeInterest.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">7852</us-gaap:InvestmentIncomeInterest>
  <us-gaap:InvestmentIncomeInterest id="InvestmentIncomeInterest.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">8641</us-gaap:InvestmentIncomeInterest>
  <us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock id="InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Investments&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; The Company classifies investments in marketable securities as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity at the time of purchase and periodically re-evaluates such classifications. Trading securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses included in earnings. Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at cost and are adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts over the life of the related security. Unrealized holding gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until realized. In determining realized gains and losses, the cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. Interest and dividends on the investments are accrued at the balance sheet date. At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 all investments were classified as held to maturity and consisted of the following:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="5%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;March 31, 2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;December 31, 2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="4%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Certificates of Deposit&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Maturity&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="5%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Value of Held to Muturity Investment&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;Value of Held to Muturity Investment&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="4%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap" align="center"&gt; Investment&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="center"&gt;Date&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="5%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap" align="center"&gt;(based on cost)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap" align="center"&gt;(based on cost)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,007,997&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;April 18, 2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,007,997&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;$&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,007,997&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,011,967&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;October 17, 2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,011,967&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2,011,967&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;502,820&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;June 29, 2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;502,820&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;502,821&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;301,692&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;April 6, 2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;301,692&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;301,692&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;253,492&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;December 29, &lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2014&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 253,494&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; 252,453&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;5,077,970&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;5,076,930&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity id="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">11251607</us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity>
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  <us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent id="LiabilitiesCurrent.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">162328</us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:LicensesRevenue id="LicensesRevenue.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">707231</us-gaap:LicensesRevenue>
  <us-gaap:LicensesRevenue id="LicensesRevenue.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">308347</us-gaap:LicensesRevenue>
  <us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesCurrent id="MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">5077970</us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesCurrent id="MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">5076930</us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesCurrent>
  <us-gaap:NatureOfOperations id="NatureOfOperations.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Business&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; Research Frontiers Incorporated ("Research Frontiers" or the "Company") operates in a single business segment which is engaged in the development and marketing of technology and devices to control the flow of light. Such devices, often referred to as "light valves" or suspended particle devices (SPDs), use colloidal particles that are either incorporated within a liquid suspension or a film, which is usually enclosed between two sheets of glass or plastic having transparent, electrically conductive coatings on the facing surfaces thereof. At least one of the two sheets is transparent. SPD technology, made possible by a flexible light-control film invented by Research Frontiers, allows the user to instantly and precisely control the shading of glass/plastic manually or automatically. SPD technology has numerous product applications, including: SPD-Smart&amp;trade; windows, sunshades, skylights and interior partitions for homes and buildings; automotive windows; sunroofs, sun-visors, sunshades, rear-view mirrors, instrument panels and navigation systems; aircraft windows; eyewear products; and flat panel displays for electronic products. SPD-Smart light control film is now being developed for, or used in, architectural, automotive, marine, aerospace and appliance applications.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; The Company has historically utilized its cash and the proceeds from the sale of its investments to fund its research and development of SPD light valves, for marketing initiatives, and for other working capital purposes. The Company&amp;#39;s working capital and capital requirements depend upon numerous factors, including the results of research and development activities, competitive and technological developments, the timing and cost of patent filings, and the development of new licensees and changes in the Company&amp;#39;s relationships with its existing licensees. The degree of dependence of the Company&amp;#39;s working capital requirements on each of the forgoing factors cannot be quantified; increased research and development activities and related costs would increase such requirements; the addition of new licensees may provide additional working capital or working capital requirements, and changes in relationships with existing licensees would have a favorable or negative impact depending on the nature of such changes. There can be no assurance that expenditures will not exceed the anticipated amounts or that additional financing, if required, will be available when needed or, if available, that&amp;#39;s its terms will be favorable or acceptable to the Company. Eventual success of the Company and generation of positive cash flow will be dependent upon the commercialization of products using the Company&amp;#39;s technology by the Company&amp;#39;s licensees and payments of continuing royalties on account thereof. To date, the Company has not generated sufficient revenue from its licensees to fund its operations.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:NatureOfOperations>
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  <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesContinuingOperations id="NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesContinuingOperations.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">82288</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesContinuingOperations>
  <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesContinuingOperations id="NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesContinuingOperations.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-11127</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesContinuingOperations>
  <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesContinuingOperations id="NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesContinuingOperations.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-44285</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesContinuingOperations>
  <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesContinuingOperations id="NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesContinuingOperations.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-563800</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesContinuingOperations>
  <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesContinuingOperations id="NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesContinuingOperations.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-806202</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesContinuingOperations>
  <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss id="NetIncomeLoss.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-1589184</us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss>
  <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss id="NetIncomeLoss.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-1149063</us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss>
  <us-gaap:OperatingExpenses id="OperatingExpenses.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2304267</us-gaap:OperatingExpenses>
  <us-gaap:OperatingExpenses id="OperatingExpenses.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1466051</us-gaap:OperatingExpenses>
  <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss id="OperatingIncomeLoss.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-1597036</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
  <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss id="OperatingIncomeLoss.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-1157704</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
  <us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent id="OtherAssetsNoncurrent.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">33567</us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent>
  <us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent id="OtherAssetsNoncurrent.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">22605</us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent>
  <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment id="PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">11127</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment>
  <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment id="PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">43245</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment>
  <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments id="PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" xsi:nil="true" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" />
  <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments id="PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1040</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments>
  <us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent id="PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">80181</us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent>
  <us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent id="PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">135080</us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent>
  <us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity id="ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" xsi:nil="true" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" />
  <us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity id="ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">82288</us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity>
  <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet id="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">101535</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
  <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet id="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">64365</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
  <us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense id="ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">636436</us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense>
  <us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense id="ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">449813</us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense>
  <us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit id="RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-94466037</us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit>
  <us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit id="RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">-93316974</us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit>
  <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionBySupplierTextBlock id="ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionBySupplierTextBlock.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; The Company has granted options/warrants to consultants. These awards generally vest ratably over 12 to 60 months from the date of grant and the Company charges to operations quarterly the current market value of the options using the Black-Scholes method. During the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 a benefit of ($79,310) and ($1,193), respectively, and was recorded to operations reflecting the fair value of the options using the Black-Scholes method with the following weighted average assumptions:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;2014&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;2013&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;0.4%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;0.3%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Option Life&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;1.4 years&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;2.0 years&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt; Volatility&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;46%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;54%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionBySupplierTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock id="ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; The Company granted 80,200 fully vested options to employees during the three months ended March 31, 2013 and recorded share-based compensation of $173,120. The Company valued these grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="25%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="71%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;0.8%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="25%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="71%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Option Life&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;5 years&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt; &lt;td width="25%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="71%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt; Volatility&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;71%&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation id="ShareBasedCompensation.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">713631</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation id="ShareBasedCompensation.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">52334</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1 id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.10310.3382.4365.29495.5328.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.3382.4365.29495.5328.0.0">P12M</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1 id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.10310.3373.4365.29495.5328.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.3373.4365.29495.5328.0.0">P60M</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1>
  <us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1 id="SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">P5Y</us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.71</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="3">0.008</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross id="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross.10309.1806.359.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.1806.359.0.0.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">80200</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1 id="ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">P2Y0M</us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1 id="ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">P1Y4M24D</us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate id="ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.54</us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate id="ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="2">0.46</us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate id="ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="3">0.003</us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate>
  <us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate id="ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="pure" decimals="3">0.004</us-gaap:ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate>
  <us-gaap:StockholdersEquity id="StockholdersEquity.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2014-03-31.10305.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">10855496</us-gaap:StockholdersEquity>
  <us-gaap:StockholdersEquity id="StockholdersEquity.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="as-of-2013-12-31.10306.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">11869937</us-gaap:StockholdersEquity>
  <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock id="StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Equity&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; The Company did not sell any equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. The Company received proceeds of $82,288 during the three months ended March 31, 2014 in connection with stock issued by the exercise of options granted to an employee.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:TreasuryStockTextBlock id="TreasuryStockTextBlock.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0">&lt;!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt; &lt;p style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"&gt;Treasury Stock&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt; The Company did not repurchase any of its stock during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:TreasuryStockTextBlock>
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted id="WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2013-01-01-to-2013-03-31.10309.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="0">22916095</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted>
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted id="WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0" contextRef="from-2014-01-01-to-2014-03-31.10310.0.0.0.0.0.0.0" unitRef="shares" decimals="0">23117229</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>refr-20140331.xsd
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION SCHEMA
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
<!--Created by Diversified Global Graphics Group - DG3-->
<!--produced on 2014-05-05 @ 8:50 AM-->
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>refr-20140331_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
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<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
<!--Created by Diversified Global Graphics Group - DG3-->
<!--produced on 2014-05-05 @ 8:50 AM-->
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>9
<FILENAME>refr-20140331_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable.4794.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable.4794.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable.17311" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable.17311" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable.17311">Schedule of Product Information [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionTable.4915.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionTable" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionTable.4915.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionTable.17634" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionTable.17634" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionTable.17634">Schedule of Share-based Goods and Nonemployee Services Transaction [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionLineItems.5090.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionLineItems" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionLineItems.5090.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionLineItems.18305" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionLineItems.18305" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionLineItems.18305">Share-based Goods and Nonemployee Services Transaction [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.16943.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.16943.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.18194" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.18194" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.18194">Share-based Goods and Nonemployee Services Transaction, Valuation Method, Expected Term</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.16943.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.16943.11.7" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.251809" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.251809" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1.251809">Option Life</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.17017.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.17017.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.18296" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.18296" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.18296">Share-based Goods and Nonemployee Services Transaction, Valuation Method, Expected Volatility Rate</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.17017.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.17017.11.7" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.407874.514961.251810" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.407874.514961.251810" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate.407874.514961.251810">Volatility</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.17019.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.17019.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.18300" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.18300" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.18300">Share-based Goods and Nonemployee Services Transaction, Valuation Method, Risk Free Interest Rate</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.17019.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.17019.11.7" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate.407876.514966.251808" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.9212.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.9212.11.6" xlink:to="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.5908" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.5908" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.5908">Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Compensation Cost Not yet Recognized</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.9212.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.9212.11.8" xlink:to="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.138375.502356.251821" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.138375.502356.251821" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized.138375.502356.251821">Unamortized compensation costs</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.9214.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.9214.11.6" xlink:to="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.5912" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.5912" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.5912">Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Compensation Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.9214.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.9214.11.8" xlink:to="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.138376.502357.251820" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.138376.502357.251820" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1.138376.502357.251820">Unamortized compensation costs, period for recognition</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_EmployeeStockOptionMember.1806.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_EmployeeStockOptionMember.1806.11.6" xlink:to="lab_EmployeeStockOptionMember.5884" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_EmployeeStockOptionMember.5884" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_EmployeeStockOptionMember.5884">Employee Stock Option [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ConsultantMember.29495.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr_ConsultantMember" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_ConsultantMember.251689" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_ConsultantMember.251689">Consultant [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_EmployeesMember.29503.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr_EmployeesMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_EmployeesMember.29503.11.6" xlink:to="lab_refr_EmployeesMember.251712" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_refr_EmployeesMember.251712" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_refr_EmployeesMember.251712">Employees [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable.4883.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable.4883.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable.17543" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable.17543" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable.17543">Schedule of Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue.16884.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems.5072.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_TitleOfIndividualAxis.5328.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_TitleOfIndividualAxis.19203" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_TitleOfIndividualAxis.19203">Title of Individual [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain.5330.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain.19205" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain.19205">Relationship to Entity [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax.5918.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax.5918.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AwardTypeAxis.359.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_DirectorMember.1621.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DirectorMember" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MaximumMember.251717" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_MaximumMember.251717">Maximum [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_MinimumMember.3382.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MinimumMember.251718" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MinimumMember.251718" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_MinimumMember.251718">Minimum [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_RangeAxis.4365.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RangeAxis" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_RangeAxis.4365.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RangeAxis.251713" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RangeAxis.251713" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_RangeAxis.251713">Range [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_RangeMember.4366.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RangeMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_RangeMember.4366.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RangeMember.251715" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RangeMember.251715" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_RangeMember.251715">Range [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_RestrictedStockMember.4607.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_RestrictedStockMember.4607.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember.251723" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember.251723" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember.251723">Restricted Stock [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.16907.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.16907.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.251732" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.251732" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.251732">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.16907.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.16907.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.251733" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.251733" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1.251733">Award vesting period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.16881.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.16881.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.251729" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.251729" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.251729">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other Than Options, Grants In Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.16881.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.16881.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.251731" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.251731" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod.251731">Restricted common stock granted</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue.16884.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue.16884.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue.475433.251819" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue.475433.251819" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue.475433.251819">Market value per share on the date of grant</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross.16909.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross.16909.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross.251744" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross.251744" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross.251744">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants In Period, Gross</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross.16909.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross.16909.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross.251745" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross.251745" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross.251745">Number of options granted</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain.5086.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain.5086.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain.251721" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain.251721" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain.251721">Award Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_VestingAxis.5493.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VestingAxis" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_VestingAxis.19716" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_VestingAxis.19716">Vesting [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_VestingDomain.5494.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VestingDomain" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_VestingDomain.5494.11.6" xlink:to="lab_VestingDomain.19717" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_VestingDomain.19717" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_VestingDomain.19717">Vesting [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_VestingImmediatelyMember.29496.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr_VestingImmediatelyMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_VestingImmediatelyMember.29496.11.6" xlink:to="lab_VestingImmediatelyMember.251694" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_VestingImmediatelyMember.251694" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_VestingImmediatelyMember.251694">Vesting Immediately [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_VestingImmediatelyMember.29496.11.12" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr_VestingImmediatelyMember" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_VestingImmediatelyMember12.251817" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_VestingImmediatelyMember12.251817">Vesting Immediately [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_VestingRatablyMember.29497.11.6" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr_VestingRatablyMember" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_VestingRatablyMember.29497.11.6" xlink:to="lab_VestingRatablyMember.251696" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_VestingRatablyMember.251696" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_VestingRatablyMember.251696">Vesting Ratably [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_VestingRatablyMember.29497.11.12" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr_VestingRatablyMember" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_VestingRatablyMember12.251818" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_VestingRatablyMember12.251818">Vesting Ratably [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProfessionalFees.15186.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProfessionalFees" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ProfessionalFees.15369" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ProfessionalFees.15369">Professional Fees</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProfessionalFees.15186.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProfessionalFees" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ProfessionalFees.15186.11.7" xlink:to="lab_ProfessionalFees.1886451.313966.251823" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ProfessionalFees.1886451.313966.251823" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ProfessionalFees.1886451.313966.251823">Professional fees</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit.11134.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit.251572" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit.251572">Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit.11134.11.52" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit.251575" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit.251575">Income tax benefit</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CertificatesOfDepositMember.997.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_InvestmentMaturityDate1.267.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/invest/2013/invest-2013-01-31.xsd#invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_InvestmentMaturityDate1.267.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/invest/2013/invest-2013-01-31.xsd#invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1.251763" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_invest_InvestmentMaturityDate1.251763">Maturity Date</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_InvestmentAxis.226.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/invest/2013/invest-2013-01-31.xsd#invest_InvestmentAxis" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues.18689" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues.18689">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity.14962.11.8" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity_2_lbl.407037" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity_2_lbl.407037" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity_2_lbl.407037">Proceeds from sales of equity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock.16350.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock.16350.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock.17241" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock.17241" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock.17241">Schedule of Stockholders Equity [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock.16350.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock.16350.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock.270432" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock.270432" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock.270432">Schedule of Stockholders Equity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent.5762.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent.5762.11.8" xlink:to="AccruedLiabilitiesCurren.396479" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="AccruedLiabilitiesCurren.396479" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="AccruedLiabilitiesCurren.396479">Accrued expenses and other</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent.5665.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent.5665.11.6" xlink:to="lab_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent.411" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent.411" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent.411">Accounts Receivable, Net, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent.5762.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent.5762.11.6" xlink:to="lab_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent.560" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent.560" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent.560">Accrued Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AssetsCurrentAbstract.616.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AssetsCurrentAbstract.616.11.6" xlink:to="lab_AssetsCurrentAbstract.1097" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_AssetsCurrentAbstract.1097" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_AssetsCurrentAbstract.1097">Assets, Current [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.3060.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.3060.11.6" xlink:to="lab_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.10561" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.10561" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.10561">Liabilities, Current [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_OtherAssetsNoncurrent.13824.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_OtherAssetsNoncurrent.13252" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_OtherAssetsNoncurrent.13252">Other Assets, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccountsPayableCurrent.5684.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent.251489" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent.251489">Accounts Payable, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccountsPayableCurrent.5684.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent.251490" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent.251490">Accounts payable</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent.5665.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock.251511" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock.251511">Additional Paid In Capital, Common Stock</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock.5814.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets.251484" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_Assets.251484">Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_Assets.6057.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AssetsAbstract.620.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AssetsAbstract.620.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract.251456" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract.251456">Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AssetsCurrent.6084.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AssetsCurrent.6084.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AssetsCurrentAbstract.616.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251458" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251458" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251458">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue.251506" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue.251506">Common Stock, Value, Issued</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CommonStockValue.7134.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CommonStockValue.7134.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue.251507" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue.251507" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue.251507">Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share; authorized 100,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding 23,124,465 and 23,109,665 shares for 2014 and 2013</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_DeferredRevenueCurrent.7937.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent.251496" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent.251496" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent.251496">Deferred Revenue, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_DeferredRevenueCurrent.7937.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_DeferredRevenueCurrent.7937.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent.251497" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent.251497" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent.251497">Deferred revenue</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.12135.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.12135.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.251525" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.251525" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.251525">Liabilities and Equity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.12135.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.12135.11.9" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.251527" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.251527" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.251527">Total liabilities and shareholders' equity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.3066.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.3066.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.251487" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.251487" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.251487">Liabilities and Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.3066.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.3066.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.251488" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.251488" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract.251488">Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesCurrent.12126.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesCurrent.12126.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent.251499" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent.251499" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent.251499">Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesCurrent.12126.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesCurrent.12126.11.9" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent.251501" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent.251501" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent.251501">Total current liabilities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.3060.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.3060.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.251783" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.251783" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract.251783">Current liabilities:</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.12977.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.251462" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.251462">Marketable Securities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.12977.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.12977.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.251464" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.251464" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.251464">Short term investments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.14776.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.251469" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.251469">Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.14776.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.14776.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.251470" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.251470" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.251470">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.15211.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.251475" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.251475">Property, Plant and Equipment, Net</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.15211.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit.16058.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract.5171.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_StockholdersEquityAbstract.5197.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesContinuingOperations.13221.11.9" xlink:to="lab_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesContinuingOperations.396481" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesContinuingOperations.396481" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesContinuingOperations.396481">Net cash used in operating activities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity.14962.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity.14962.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity.15047" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity.15047" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity.15047">Proceeds from Issuance or Sale of Equity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity.14962.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity.14962.11.7" xlink:to="lab_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity.120309.433873.532144.396484" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity.120309.433873.532144.396484" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity.120309.433873.532144.396484">Net proceeds from exercise of options and warrants</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermInvestments.15042.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermInvestments" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermInvestments.15042.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermInvestments.15154" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermInvestments.15154" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermInvestments.15154">Proceeds from Sale of Short-term Investments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermInvestments.15042.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermInvestments" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermInvestments.15042.11.7" xlink:to="lab_ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermInvestments.403945.501842.396485" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermInvestments.403945.501842.396485" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermInvestments.403945.501842.396485">Proceeds from sale of investment</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts.15273.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts.15273.11.6" xlink:to="lab_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts.15526" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts.15526" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts.15526">Provision for Doubtful Accounts</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensation.16900.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedCompensation.16900.11.7" xlink:to="lab_ShareBasedCompensation7.345009.251789" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_ShareBasedCompensation7.345009.251789" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_ShareBasedCompensation7.345009.251789">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.502.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.502.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251592" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251592" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251592">Adjustments To Reconcile Net Income (Loss) To Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.502.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.502.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251593" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251593" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251593">Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.10" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.10" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251460" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251460" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251460">Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.11" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.11.11" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251461" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251461" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.251461">Cash and cash equivalents at end of year</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.6834.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.6834.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.251635" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.251635" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.251635">Cash and Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.6834.11.9" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.6834.11.9" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.251637" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.251637" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease.251637">Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.8352.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.8352.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.251594" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.251594" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.251594">Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.8352.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.8352.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.251595" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.251595" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization.251595">Depreciation and amortization</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.11306.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.11306.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.251613" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.251613" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.251613">Increase (Decrease) In Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.11306.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.11306.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.251614" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.251614" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities.251614">Accounts payable and accrued expenses</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.11341.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.11341.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.251611" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.251611" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.251611">Increase (Decrease) In Deferred Revenue</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.11341.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.11341.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.251612" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.251612" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue.251612">Deferred revenue</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract.2736.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract.2736.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract.251601" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract.251601" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract.251601">Increase (Decrease) In Operating Capital [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract.2736.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract.2736.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract.251602" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract.251602" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract.251602">Change in assets and liabilities:</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.11432.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.11432.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.251607" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.251607" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.251607">Increase (Decrease) In Prepaid Expense and Other Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.11432.11.52" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.11432.11.52" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.251610" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.251610" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets.251610">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.3499.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.3499.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.475037.251795" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.475037.251795" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract.475037.251795">Cash flows from financing activities:</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.3520.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.3520.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.251620" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.251620" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.251620">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.3520.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.3520.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.251621" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.251621" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract.251621">Cash flows from investing activities:</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.3521.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.3521.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251590" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251590" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251590">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.3521.11.8" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.3521.11.8" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251591" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251591" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract.251591">Cash flows from operating activities:</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetIncomeLoss.13265.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetIncomeLoss.13265.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss.251577" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss.251577" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss.251577">Net Income (Loss) Attributable To Parent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_NetIncomeLoss.13265.11.13" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_NetIncomeLoss.13265.11.13" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss.251581" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss.251581" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss.251581">Net loss</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.14347.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.14347.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.251622" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.251622" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.251622">Payments To Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.14347.11.52" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.14347.11.52" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.251625" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.251625" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.251625">Purchases of fixed assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.14411.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.14411.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.251627" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.251627" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.251627">Payments To Acquire Short-Term Investments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.14411.11.52" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.14411.11.52" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.251629" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.251629" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments.251629">Change in short term investments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ShareBasedCompensation.16900.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ShareBasedCompensation.16900.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation.251597" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation.251597" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation.251597">Share-Based Compensation</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract.5168.11.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract.5168.11.6" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract.251588" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract.251588" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract.251588">Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts.15273.11.7" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:from="loc_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts.15273.11.7" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl.396486" order="1" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:label xlink:label="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl.396486" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl.396486">Bad debts</link:label>
  </link:labelLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.CAL
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>refr-20140331_cal.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION CALCULATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
<!--Created by Diversified Global Graphics Group - DG3-->
<!--produced on 2014-05-05 @ 8:50 AM-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:refr="http://www.SmartGlass.com/20140331" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/DocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-daei" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/ConsolidatedBalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-cbsp" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/BasisOfPresentation" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-bop" xlink:type="simple" />
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  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/PatentCosts" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-pc" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/RevenueRecognition" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-rr" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/FeeIncome" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-fi" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StockbasedCompensation" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-sc" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/IncomeTaxes" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-it" xlink:type="simple" />
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  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/TreasuryStock" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-ts" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/Investments" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-i" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/FairValueMeasurements" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-fvm" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StockbasedCompensationTables" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-sct" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/InvestmentsTables" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-it1" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/FeeIncomeDetails" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-fid" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StockbasedCompensationScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedToValueOptionsGrantedToConsultantsDetails" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-scsoautvogtcd" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StockbasedCompensationNarrativeDetails" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-scnd" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/IncomeTaxesDetails" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-itd" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/InvestmentsDetails" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-id" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetails" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-fvmd" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/StockbasedCompensationScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedToValueOptionsGrantedToEmployeesDetails" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-scsoautvogted" xlink:type="simple" />
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  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations" xlink:href="refr-20140331.xsd#refr-csoo" xlink:type="simple" />
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  <link:calculationLink xlink:title="002 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets" xlink:role="http://www.SmartGlass.com/role/ConsolidatedBalanceSheets" xlink:type="extended">
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    <link:calculationArc xlink:from="loc_Assets.6057.14.6" xlink:to="loc_AssetsCurrent.6084.14.6" order="10.00000" weight="1.00" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.15211.14.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:calculationArc xlink:from="loc_Assets.6057.14.6" xlink:to="loc_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet.15211.14.6" order="20.00000" weight="1.00" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue.6843.14.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent.12977.14.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent.14776.14.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent.5665.14.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
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    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesCurrent.12126.14.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccountsPayableCurrent.5684.14.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:calculationArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesCurrent.12126.14.6" xlink:to="loc_AccountsPayableCurrent.5684.14.6" order="10.00000" weight="1.00" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_DeferredRevenueCurrent.7937.14.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:calculationArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesCurrent.12126.14.6" xlink:to="loc_DeferredRevenueCurrent.7937.14.6" order="30.00000" weight="1.00" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent.5762.14.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:calculationArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesCurrent.12126.14.6" xlink:to="loc_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent.5762.14.6" order="1.00000" weight="1.00" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:loc xlink:label="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.12135.14.6" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2013/elts/us-gaap-2013-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:type="locator" />
    <link:calculationArc xlink:from="loc_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity.12135.14.6" xlink:to="loc_LiabilitiesCurrent.12126.14.6" order="10.00000" weight="1.00" priority="0" use="optional" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:type="arc" />
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                <p>The entire disclosure for deferred revenues at the end of the reporting period, and description and amounts of significant changes that occurred during the reporting period. Deferred revenue is a liability as of the balance sheet date related to a revenue producing activity for which revenue has not yet been recognized. Generally, an entity records deferred revenue when it receives consideration from a customer before achieving certain criteria that must be met for revenue to be recognized in conformity with GAAP.</p>
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                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br> -Number Topic 13<br><br> -Section A<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 605<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 13.A.3(b).Q1(c),(b).Q2,(c).Q3)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012821&amp;loc=d3e214044-122780<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionAbstract</nobr></td>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Patent Costs<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Mar. 31, 2014</div>
        </th>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Patent Costs [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Patent Costs</a></td>
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        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for all or part of the information related to intangible assets.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 350<br><br> -SubTopic 30<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26713463&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 350<br><br> -SubTopic 30<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26713463&amp;loc=d3e16373-109275<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 350<br><br> -SubTopic 30<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26713463&amp;loc=d3e16265-109275<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EPUAE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Mar. 31, 2014</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Dec. 31, 2013</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current assets:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 5,097,924<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 5,866,123<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent', window );">Short term investments</a></td>
        <td class="nump">5,077,970<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">5,076,930<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Royalty receivables, net of reserves of $173,921 in 2014 and 2013</a></td>
        <td class="nump">860,430<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">867,162<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">80,181<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">135,080<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total current assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">11,116,505<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">11,945,295<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Fixed assets, net</a></td>
        <td class="nump">101,535<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">64,365<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Deposits and other assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">33,567<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">22,605<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">11,251,607<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">12,032,265<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current liabilities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
        <td class="nump">138,385<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">56,603<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued expenses and other</a></td>
        <td class="nump">201,476<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">80,725<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent', window );">Deferred revenue</a></td>
        <td class="nump">56,250<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">25,000<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total current liabilities</a></td>
        <td class="nump">396,111<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">162,328<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' equity:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share; authorized 100,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding 23,124,465 and 23,109,665 shares for 2014 and 2013</a></td>
        <td class="nump">2,312<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">2,311<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
        <td class="nump">105,319,221<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">105,184,600<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
        <td class="num">(94,466,037)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(93,316,974)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total shareholders' equity</a></td>
        <td class="nump">10,855,496<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">11,869,937<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total liabilities and shareholders' equity</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 11,251,607<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 12,032,265<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount due from customers or clients, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer), for goods or services (including trade receivables) that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, reduced to the estimated net realizable fair value by an allowance established by the entity of the amount it deems uncertain of collection.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.3-4)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph a(1)<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 20<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Value received from shareholders in common stock-related transactions that are in excess of par value or stated value and amounts received from other stock-related transactions. Includes only common stock transactions (excludes preferred stock transactions). May be called contributed capital, capital in excess of par, capital surplus, or paid-in capital.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 31<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.30(a)(1))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.18)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 12<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 18<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_Assets</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.9)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6801-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Glossary Cash<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6506951<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Glossary Cash Equivalents<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6507016<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 230<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommonStockValue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The carrying amount of consideration received or receivable as of the balance sheet date on potential earnings that were not recognized as revenue in conformity with GAAP, and which are expected to be recognized as such within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, including sales, license fees, and royalties, but excluding interest income.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 605<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 13.A.4(a).Q1)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012821&amp;loc=d3e214044-122780<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br><br><br> -Number Topic 13<br><br><br><br> -Section A<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.32)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 32<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.21)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 21<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of investments in debt and equity securities, including, but not limited to, held-to-maturity, trading and available-for-sale expected to be converted to cash, sold or exchanged within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.2)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 320<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6871852&amp;loc=d3e26626-111562<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (f)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Aggregate carrying amount, as of the balance sheet date, of noncurrent assets not separately disclosed in the balance sheet. Noncurrent assets are expected to be realized or consumed after one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 17<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits in future periods, and amount of other assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 360<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 50<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.13)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 31<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 04<br><br><br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.31(a)(3))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 310<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 4.E)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27010918&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br><br><br> -Number Topic 4<br><br><br><br> -Section E<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 29, 30, 31<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Basis of Presentation<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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      <tr>
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          <div>Mar. 31, 2014</div>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for the basis of accounting, or basis of presentation, used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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<html>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EE6AE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Narrative) (Details) (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Mar. 31, 2014</div>
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        <th class="th">
          <div>Mar. 31, 2013</div>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized', window );">Unamortized compensation costs</a></td>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="re">
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        <td class="text">21 months<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="rh">
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          <div class="a">Consultant [Member]</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax', window );">Charge/(benefit) recorded</a></td>
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          <div class="a">Restricted Stock [Member]</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpenseNetOfTax', window );">Charge/(benefit) recorded</a></td>
        <td class="nump">131,644<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">541,704<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Employee Stock Option [Member]</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Number of options granted</a></td>
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        <td class="nump">80,200<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1', window );">Award vesting period</a></td>
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          <div class="a">Maximum [Member] | Consultant [Member]</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1', window );">Award vesting period</a></td>
        <td class="text">60 months<span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The amount of expense, net of income tax, recognized during the period arising from equity-based compensation arrangements (for example, shares of stock, unit, stock options or other equity instruments) with employees, directors and certain consultants qualifying for treatment as employees.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Unrecognized cost of unvested share-based compensation awards.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (i)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Weighted average period over which unrecognized compensation is expected to be recognized for equity-based compensation plans, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (i)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1</nobr></td>
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                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
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                    <td>duration</td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Period which an employee's right to exercise an award is no longer contingent on satisfaction of either a service condition, market condition or a performance condition, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
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        <th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">Jun. 29,
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        <td class="nump">502,820<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">Apr.
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        <td class="nump">$ 253,494<span></span></td>
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                <p>The maturity date of the investment.</p>
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                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 12<br><br> -Section 12<br><br> -Sentence Column A<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>Amount after other than temporary impairment (OTTI) accretion, of investments in debt securities classified as held-to-maturity, expected to be converted to cash, sold or exchanged within one year or the normal operating cycle.</p>
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        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="text-align: left"><u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Business</u></p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> Research Frontiers Incorporated ("Research Frontiers" or the "Company") operates in a single business segment which is engaged in the development and marketing of technology and devices to control the flow of light. Such devices, often referred to as "light valves" or suspended particle devices (SPDs), use colloidal particles that are either incorporated within a liquid suspension or a film, which is usually enclosed between two sheets of glass or plastic having transparent, electrically conductive coatings on the facing surfaces thereof. At least one of the two sheets is transparent. SPD technology, made possible by a flexible light-control film invented by Research Frontiers, allows the user to instantly and precisely control the shading of glass/plastic manually or automatically. SPD technology has numerous product applications, including: SPD-Smart&trade; windows, sunshades, skylights and interior partitions for homes and buildings; automotive windows; sunroofs, sun-visors, sunshades, rear-view mirrors, instrument panels and navigation systems; aircraft windows; eyewear products; and flat panel displays for electronic products. SPD-Smart light control film is now being developed for, or used in, architectural, automotive, marine, aerospace and appliance applications.</p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> The Company has historically utilized its cash and the proceeds from the sale of its investments to fund its research and development of SPD light valves, for marketing initiatives, and for other working capital purposes. The Company&#39;s working capital and capital requirements depend upon numerous factors, including the results of research and development activities, competitive and technological developments, the timing and cost of patent filings, and the development of new licensees and changes in the Company&#39;s relationships with its existing licensees. The degree of dependence of the Company&#39;s working capital requirements on each of the forgoing factors cannot be quantified; increased research and development activities and related costs would increase such requirements; the addition of new licensees may provide additional working capital or working capital requirements, and changes in relationships with existing licensees would have a favorable or negative impact depending on the nature of such changes. There can be no assurance that expenditures will not exceed the anticipated amounts or that additional financing, if required, will be available when needed or, if available, that&#39;s its terms will be favorable or acceptable to the Company. Eventual success of the Company and generation of positive cash flow will be dependent upon the commercialization of products using the Company&#39;s technology by the Company&#39;s licensees and payments of continuing royalties on account thereof. To date, the Company has not generated sufficient revenue from its licensees to fund its operations.</p> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for the nature of an entity's business, the major products or services it sells or provides and its principal markets, including the locations of those markets. If the entity operates in more than one business, the disclosure also indicates the relative importance of its operations in each business and the basis for the determination (for example, assets, revenues, or earnings).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0ETIAC">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
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          <div>Mar. 31, 2014</div>
        </th>
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          <div>Dec. 31, 2013</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">$ 173,921<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">23,124,465<span></span></td>
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                <p>A valuation allowance for trade and other receivables due to an Entity within one year (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer) that are expected to be uncollectible.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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                <p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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                <p>Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0E2F">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)<br></strong></div>
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      <tr>
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          <div>Mar. 31, 2014</div>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionBySupplierTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Assumptions Used to Value Options Granted to Consultants</a></td>
        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> The Company has granted options/warrants to consultants. These awards generally vest ratably over 12 to 60 months from the date of grant and the Company charges to operations quarterly the current market value of the options using the Black-Scholes method. During the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 a benefit of ($79,310) and ($1,193), respectively, and was recorded to operations reflecting the fair value of the options using the Black-Scholes method with the following weighted average assumptions:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">2014</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">2013</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Risk free interest rate</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">0.4%</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">0.3%</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Option Life</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">1.4 years</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2.0 years</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"> Volatility</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">46%</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">54%</td> </tr> </table> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Assumptions Used to Value Options Granted to Employees</a></td>
        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> The Company granted 80,200 fully vested options to employees during the three months ended March 31, 2013 and recorded share-based compensation of $173,120. The Company valued these grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="25%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="71%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Risk free interest rate</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">0.8%</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="25%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="71%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Option Life</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">5 years</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="25%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="71%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"> Volatility</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">71%</td> </tr> </table> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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                <p>Tabular disclosure of each transaction in which an entity acquires goods or services other than employee services in exchange for equity securities of the company, including the purpose of the transaction, identification and quantity of the securities issued, the accounting made, disclosure of amounts by which report lines were affected, and noncash effects on the statement of cash flows.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 50<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6406099&amp;loc=d3e25284-112666<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5444-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>Tabular disclosure of the significant assumptions used during the year to estimate the fair value of stock options, including, but not limited to: (a) expected term of share options and similar instruments, (b) expected volatility of the entity's shares, (c) expected dividends, (d) risk-free rate(s), and (e) discount for post-vesting restrictions.</p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EPCAE">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div>
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          <div>May 05, 2014</div>
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				 2014<span></span></td>
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          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in CCYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                <p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
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                <p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word "Other".</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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                <p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation 12B<br><br> -Number 240<br><br> -Section 12b<br><br> -Subsection 1<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
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                <p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: (1) Large Accelerated Filer, (2) Accelerated Filer, (3) Non-accelerated Filer, (4) Smaller Reporting Company (Non-accelerated) or (5) Smaller Reporting Accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
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                <p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation 12B<br><br> -Number 240<br><br> -Section 12b<br><br> -Subsection 1<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Investments (Tables)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Mar. 31, 2014</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 all investments were classified as held to maturity and consisted of the following:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="5%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap">March 31, 2014</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap">December 31, 2013</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="4%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap">Certificates of Deposit</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap">Maturity</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="5%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap">Value of Held to Muturity Investment</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap">Value of Held to Muturity Investment</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="4%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap" align="center"> Investment</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="center">Date</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="5%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap" align="center">(based on cost)</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap" align="center">(based on cost)</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,007,997</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">April 18, 2014</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,007,997</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,007,997</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,011,967</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">October 17, 2014</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,011,967</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,011,967</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">502,820</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">June 29, 2014</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">502,820</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">502,821</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">301,692</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">April 6, 2014</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">301,692</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">301,692</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">253,492</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">December 29, <font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2014</font></td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 253,494</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 252,453</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">$</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">5,077,970</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">$</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">5,076,930</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> </tr> </table> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
      </tr>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Tabular disclosure of all investments in certain debt and equity securities for which the entity has the positive intent and ability to hold until maturity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 6<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27724398&amp;loc=d3e27290-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 310<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28368275&amp;loc=d3e5086-111524<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27724398&amp;loc=d3e27232-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27724398&amp;loc=d3e27337-111563<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 942<br><br> -SubTopic 320<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6957658&amp;loc=d3e62557-112803<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 942<br><br> -SubTopic 320<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6957658&amp;loc=d3e62586-112803<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 815<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6435544&amp;loc=d3e41834-113960<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27724398&amp;loc=d3e27405-111563<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0E3AAE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Operations (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Mar. 31, 2014</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Mar. 31, 2013</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract', window );"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Operations [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue', window );">Fee income</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 308,347<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 707,231<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Operating expenses</a></td>
        <td class="nump">1,016,238<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,667,831<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development</a></td>
        <td class="nump">449,813<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">636,436<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total Expenses</a></td>
        <td class="nump">1,466,051<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">2,304,267<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating loss</a></td>
        <td class="num">(1,157,704)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(1,597,036)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest', window );">Net investment income</a></td>
        <td class="nump">8,641<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">7,852<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
        <td class="num">$ (1,149,063)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (1,589,184)<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted net loss per common share</a></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.05)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.07)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
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        <td class="nump">23,117,229<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">22,916,095<span></span></td>
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          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The amount of net income or loss for the period per each share in instances when basic and diluted earnings per share are the same amount and reported as a single line item on the face of the financial statements.  Basic earnings per share is the amount of net income or loss for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.  Diluted earnings per share includes the amount of net income or loss for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate total of expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26872669&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount before accretion (amortization) of purchase discount (premium) of interest income on nonoperating securities.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(b))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26872669&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Revenue earned during the period relating to consideration received from another party for the right to use, but not own, certain of the entity's intangible assets. Licensing arrangements include, but are not limited to, rights to use a patent, copyright, technology, manufacturing process, software or trademark. Licensing fees are generally, but not always, fixed as to amount and not dependent upon the revenue generated by the licensing party. An entity may receive licensing fees for licenses that also generate royalty payments to the entity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.1(e))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26872669&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Paragraph 20<br><br> -Article 9<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Other Comprehensive Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6519514<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Net Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6518256<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 260<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.19)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.18)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26872669&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.22)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 220<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 6<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358780&amp;loc=d3e565-108580<br><br><br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</nobr></td>
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                <p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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                <p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p>
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                <p>No definition available.</p>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate costs incurred (1) in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or (2) to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process whether intended for sale or the entity's use, during the reporting period charged to research and development projects, including the costs of developing computer software up to the point in time of achieving technological feasibility, and costs allocated in accounting for a business combination to in-process projects deemed to have no alternative future use.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 985<br><br> -SubTopic 20<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6501960&amp;loc=d3e128462-111756<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 730<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6420194&amp;loc=d3e21568-108373<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes<br></strong></div>
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          <div>Mar. 31, 2014</div>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 740<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 15<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6907707&amp;loc=d3e32718-109319<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 235<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 08<br><br> -Paragraph h<br><br> -Article 4<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 740<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6907707&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 740<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6907707&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 740<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6907707&amp;loc=d3e32559-109319<br><br><br><br></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation<br></strong></div>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock', window );">Stock-Based Compensation</a></td>
        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="text-align: left"><u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Stock-Based Compensation</u></p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> GAAP requires that all stock-based compensation be recognized as an expense in the financial statements and that such costs be measured at the fair value of the award.</p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> The Company has granted options/warrants to consultants. These awards generally vest ratably over 12 to 60 months from the date of grant and the Company charges to operations quarterly the current market value of the options using the Black-Scholes method. During the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 a benefit of ($79,310) and ($1,193), respectively, and was recorded to operations reflecting the fair value of the options using the Black-Scholes method with the following weighted average assumptions:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">2014</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">2013</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Risk free interest rate</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">0.4%</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">0.3%</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Option Life</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">1.4 years</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2.0 years</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="89%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"> Volatility</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">46%</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">54%</td> </tr> </table> <br /> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> The Company granted 80,200 fully vested options to employees during the three months ended March 31, 2013 and recorded share-based compensation of $173,120. The Company valued these grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="50%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="25%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="71%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Risk free interest rate</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">0.8%</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="25%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="71%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Option Life</td> <td width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">5 years</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="25%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="71%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%"> Volatility</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="3%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">71%</td> </tr> </table> <br /> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> The Company did not grant any stock options to employees and directors during the three months ended March 31, 2014.</p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> In connection with the restricted stock grants to employees and directors, the Company charged $131,644 and $541,704 to operations during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 respectively. As of March 31, 2014, remaining unamortized compensation costs in connection with these restricted stock grants was $626,819 which will be recognized over the next 21 month period.</p> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 50<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6406099&amp;loc=d3e25284-112666<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 40<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6418621&amp;loc=d3e17540-113929<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5444-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br> -Number Topic 14<br><br><br><br></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EGH">
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                <p>The cash inflow from the issuance of common stock, preferred stock, treasury stock, stock options, and other types of equity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Financing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6513228<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 14<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1', window );">Percentage of fee income</a></td>
        <td class="nump">11.00%<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">25.00%<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="rh">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top">
          <div class="a">Licensee Three [Member]</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Product Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1', window );">Percentage of fee income</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">10.00%<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>For an entity that discloses a concentration risk in relation to quantitative amount, which serves as the "benchmark" (or denominator) in the equation, this concept represents the concentration percentage derived from the division.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 21<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28364263&amp;loc=d3e13537-108611<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 275<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 20<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6927468&amp;loc=d3e6404-108592<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 20<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28364263&amp;loc=d3e13531-108611<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 275<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 18<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6927468&amp;loc=d3e6351-108592<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
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                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems</nobr></td>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Investments<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Mar. 31, 2014</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Investments</a></td>
        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="text-align: left"><u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Investments</u></p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> The Company classifies investments in marketable securities as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity at the time of purchase and periodically re-evaluates such classifications. Trading securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses included in earnings. Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at cost and are adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts over the life of the related security. Unrealized holding gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until realized. In determining realized gains and losses, the cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. Interest and dividends on the investments are accrued at the balance sheet date. At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 all investments were classified as held to maturity and consisted of the following:</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="5%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap">March 31, 2014</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap">December 31, 2013</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="4%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap">Certificates of Deposit</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap">Maturity</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="5%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap">Value of Held to Muturity Investment</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap">Value of Held to Muturity Investment</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="4%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap" align="center"> Investment</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="center">Date</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="5%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap" align="center">(based on cost)</td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="6%" colspan="3" nowrap="nowrap" align="center">(based on cost)</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,007,997</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">April 18, 2014</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,007,997</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,007,997</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,011,967</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">October 17, 2014</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,011,967</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2,011,967</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">502,820</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">June 29, 2014</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">502,820</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">502,821</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">301,692</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">April 6, 2014</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">301,692</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">301,692</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">253,492</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">December 29, <font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">2014</font></td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 253,494</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left"> &nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> 252,453</td> <td bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> &nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr valign="bottom"> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="80%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">$</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">5,077,970</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td width="1%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">&nbsp;</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="left">$</td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2pt double; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%" width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">5,076,930</td> <td width="2%" nowrap="nowrap" align="right">&nbsp;</td> </tr> </table> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for  investments in certain debt and equity securities.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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        <td class="text"><!--DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" --><div> <div><!--StartFragment--> <p style="text-align: left"><u style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%">Equity</u></p> <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 80%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> The Company did not sell any equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. The Company received proceeds of $82,288 during the three months ended March 31, 2014 in connection with stock issued by the exercise of options granted to an employee.</p> <!--EndFragment--></div> </div><span></span></td>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.</p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 21<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28364263&amp;loc=d3e13537-108611<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28364263&amp;loc=d3e13433-108611<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6957238&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 820<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=25499696&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6957238&amp;loc=d3e14172-108612<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 825<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 16<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28364263&amp;loc=d3e13504-108611<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
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                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock</nobr></td>
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  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EUH">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Schedule of Assumptions Used to Value Options Granted to Employees) (Details)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Mar. 31, 2013</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate', window );">Risk free interest rate</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0.80%<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1', window );">Option Life</a></td>
        <td class="text">5 years<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate', window );">Volatility</a></td>
        <td class="nump">71.00%<span></span></td>
      </tr>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Expected term of share-based compensation awards, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 14.D.2)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27013229&amp;loc=d3e301413-122809<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(i)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br> -Number Topic 14<br><br> -Section D<br><br> -Subsection 2<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
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        <tr>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The estimated measure of the percentage by which a share price is expected to fluctuate during a period. Volatility also may be defined as a probability-weighted measure of the dispersion of returns about the mean. The volatility of a share price is the standard deviation of the continuously compounded rates of return on the share over a specified period. That is the same as the standard deviation of the differences in the natural logarithms of the stock prices plus dividends, if any, over the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(ii)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td>num:percentItemType</td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The risk-free interest rate assumption that is used in valuing an option on its own shares.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(iv)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate</nobr></td>
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<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.8</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EBVAE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Mar. 31, 2014</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Mar. 31, 2013</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from operating activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
        <td class="num">$ (1,149,063)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (1,589,184)<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
        <td class="nump">6,075<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">10,321<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
        <td class="nump">52,334<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">713,631<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Change in assets and liabilities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable', window );">Royalty receivables</a></td>
        <td class="nump">6,732<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(109,941)<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets', window );">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">43,937<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">113,869<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue', window );">Deferred revenue</a></td>
        <td class="nump">31,250<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">166,250<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities', window );">Accounts payable and accrued expenses</a></td>
        <td class="nump">202,533<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">131,254<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesContinuingOperations', window );">Net cash used in operating activities</a></td>
        <td class="num">(806,202)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(563,800)<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from investing activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Purchases of fixed assets</a></td>
        <td class="num">(43,245)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(11,127)<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments', window );">Change in short term investments</a></td>
        <td class="num">(1,040)<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesContinuingOperations', window );">Net cash used in investing activities</a></td>
        <td class="num">(44,285)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(11,127)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from financing activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity', window );">Net proceeds from exercise of options and warrants</a></td>
        <td class="nump">82,288<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesContinuingOperations', window );">Net cash provided by financing activities</a></td>
        <td class="nump">82,288<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease', window );">Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
        <td class="num">(768,199)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(574,927)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year</a></td>
        <td class="nump">5,866,123<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">8,390,233<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents at end of year</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 5,097,924<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 7,815,306<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Cash<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6506951<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Cash Equivalents<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6507016<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358313&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are the amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Includes effect from exchange rate changes.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 830<br><br> -SubTopic 230<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450594&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate expense recognized in the current period that allocates the cost of tangible assets, intangible assets, or depleting assets to periods that benefit from use of the assets.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amounts payable to vendors for goods and services received and the amount of obligations and expenses incurred but not paid.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in amount due within one year (or one business cycle) from customers for the credit sale of goods and services.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period, excluding the portion taken into income, in the liability reflecting revenue yet to be earned for which cash or other forms of consideration was received or recorded as a receivable.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the value of prepaid expenses and other assets not separately disclosed in the statement of cash flows, for example, deferred expenses, intangible assets, or income taxes.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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                </table>
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        </tr>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) of financing activities, excluding discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3574-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesContinuingOperations</nobr></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) of investing activities, excluding discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3574-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesContinuingOperations</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</nobr></td>
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        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesContinuingOperations">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, excluding discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesContinuingOperations</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Paragraph 20<br><br> -Article 9<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Other Comprehensive Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6519514<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Net Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6518256<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 260<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.19)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.18)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26872669&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.22)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 220<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 6<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=28358780&amp;loc=d3e565-108580<br><br><br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Investing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6516133<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br> -Subparagraph (c)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash outflow for securities or other assets acquired, which qualify for treatment as an investing activity and are to be liquidated, if necessary, within the current operating cycle. Includes cash flows from securities classified as trading securities that were acquired for reasons other than sale in the short-term.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Investing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6516133<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireShortTermInvestments</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow from the issuance of common stock, preferred stock, treasury stock, stock options, and other types of equity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Financing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6513228<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 14<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=31042434&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate amount of noncash, equity-based employee remuneration. This may include the value of stock or unit options, amortization of restricted stock or units, and adjustment for officers' compensation. As noncash, this element is an add back when calculating net cash generated by operating activities using the indirect method.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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                <p>Period an equity-based award is expected to be outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 50<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6406099&amp;loc=d3e25284-112666<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(i)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedTerm1</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The estimated measure of the percentage amount by which a share price is expected to fluctuate during the expected term of a nonvested share or option award issued to other than an employee.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 50<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6406099&amp;loc=d3e25284-112666<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(ii)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodExpectedVolatilityRate</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:percentItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The risk-free interest rate assumption that is used in valuing a nonvested share or option award issued to other than an employee.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 50<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6406099&amp;loc=d3e25284-112666<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(iv)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionValuationMethodRiskFreeInterestRate</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:percentItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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