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Recent Accounting Pronouncements
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]  
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
G) Recent Accounting Pronouncements.

 

FASB ASU No. 2014-09. In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The ASU is the result of a joint project by the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue and to develop a common revenue standard for GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) that would: remove inconsistencies and weaknesses, provide a more robust framework for addressing revenue issues, improve comparability of revenue recognition practices across entities, jurisdictions, industries, and capital markets, improve disclosure requirements and resulting financial statements, and simplify the presentation of financial statements. The core principle of the new guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is not permitted. On July 9, 2015, the FASB voted to delay the effective date of the new revenue standard by one year, but to permit entities to choose to adopt the standard as of the original effective date.

 

We have begun to evaluate the effect the new revenue standard will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures, but have not completed our evaluation and implementation process. We intend to complete that process during the fourth quarter of 2017 and adopt the new standard on January 1, 2018 using the full retrospective adoption transition method. Once we adopt ASU 2014-09, we do not anticipate that our internal control framework will materially change, but rather that existing internal controls will be modified and augmented, as necessary, to consider our new revenue recognition policy effective January 1, 2018. As we implement the new standard, we have developed internal controls to ensure that we adequately evaluate our portfolio of contracts under the five-step model and accurately restate our prior-period operating results under ASU 2014-09. Based on our preliminary evaluations to date, we believe that revenue recognized under the new standard will generally approximate revenue recognized under current GAAP with the exception of the following expected differences:

  
i) 2015 imaging software license contract. We consummated a $4.625 million license contract in October 2015 that included a $4.5 million license fee plus a $125,000 software maintenance fee. We delivered the licensed software and the customer paid us in the fourth quarter of 2015. Under current GAAP, we were unable to establish vendor specific objective evidence ("VSOE") for the maintenance element and, as a result we recognized the total fee ratably over the twelve-month period that ran from October 2015 to October 2016. Under the new standard, license revenue from that contract will be recognized in 2015 when control over the software was transferred to the customer. That change will have a material impact on our 2015 and 2016 financial statements.
ii) DSL royalty contracts. Under our current revenue recognition policy, we recognize DSL royalty revenue in the period in which we receive royalty reports, which is typically in the quarter immediately following the quarter in which sales of royalty-bearing products occurred. Under the new standard, we will be required to make estimates of royalties earned in the current period and record royalty revenue based on those estimates.
iii) Minimum license/royalty payment contracts. Some of our revenue contracts require customers to make minimum license/royalty payments. Under current GAAP, we recognize that revenue when those minimum payments become due. Under the new standard, we may have to recognize the expected minimum payments in the period in which such contracts are signed.
iv) Sales commissions and other third party acquisition costs. Under current GAAP, sales commissions and other third party acquisition costs resulting directly from securing contracts with customers are currently expensed as incurred. ASC 606 will require these costs to be recognized as an asset when incurred and expensed over an amortization period. As a practical expedient, if the term of the contract is one year or less, the Company will expense the costs as incurred. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the cost guidance.

 

The foregoing observations are subject to change as we complete our implementation process.

 

FASB ASU No. 2016-09. In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update No. 2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” which is intended to simplify various aspects of how share-based payments are accounted for and presented in financial statements. The standard is effective prospectively for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted.

 

The new standard contains several amendments that will simplify the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, statutory tax withholding requirements, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The changes in the new standard eliminate the accounting for excess tax benefits to be recognized in additional paid-in capital and tax deficiencies recognized either in the income tax provision or in additional paid-in capital. In addition, the new standard eliminates the limitation on recognition of excess stock compensation benefits until such benefits are actually realized, and instead applies the general recognition standard to these deferred tax assets. We adopted ASU 2016-09 in the first quarter of 2017 which will be applied using a modified retrospective approach. Upon adoption, we recorded a deferred tax asset of $4.8 million with an offsetting adjustment to retained earnings related to excess stock compensation deductions that were not previously recorded as tax assets. For the nine month period ended September 30, 2017, we recognized all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies as income tax expense or benefit as a discrete event. We have elected to present the cash flow statement on a prospective transition method and no prior periods have been adjusted.

 

FASB ASU No. 2016-13. In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This new standard replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. For trade and other receivables, loans, and other financial instruments, entities will be required to use a forward-looking expected loss model rather than the incurred loss model for recognizing credit losses which reflects losses that are probable. Credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities will also be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 with early adoption permitted in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. We are currently evaluating the effect this standard will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

 
With the exception of the standards discussed above, there have been no other recently issued accounting pronouncements that are of significance or potential significance to us that we have not adopted as of September 30, 2017.