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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of Income Tax Provisions | The December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 income tax provision is as follows:
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, |
|  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |  |  | 2015 |
Current: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. federal |  | $ | 21,272 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
State and local |  |  | 2,608 |  |  |  | 2,015 |  |  |  | 622 |
Total current provision |  |  | 23,880 |  |  |  | 2,015 |  |  |  | 622 |
Deferred: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. federal |  |  | 483 |  |  |  | 6,124 |  |  |  | — |
State and local |  |  | 1,322 |  |  |  | 42 |  |  |  | — |
Total deferred provision |  |  | 1,805 |  |  |  | 6,166 |  |  |  | — |
Total tax provision |  | $ | 25,685 |  |  | $ | 8,181 |  |  | $ | 622 |
Schedule of Reconciliation of Income Tax Provision to Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate | A reconciliation of the total income tax provision tax rate to the statutory federal income tax rate of 34% for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, |
|  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |  |  | 2015 |
Income taxes at statutory rates |  | $ | 396,760 |  |  | $ | 1,272,242 |  |  | $ | (91,705 | )
State income tax, net of federal benefit |  |  | 3,910 |  |  |  | 2,054 |  |  |  | 411 |
Permanent items |  |  | (5,060 | ) |  |  | 68,944 |  |  |  | 32,530 |
Meals and entertainment |  |  | 74,755 |  |  |  | 54,375 |  |  |  | 40,796 |
Equity based compensation |  |  | (645,512 | ) |  |  | 48,385 |  |  |  | 98,637 |
Warrant liability |  |  | — |  |  |  | (156,498 | ) |  |  | (34,160 | )
Corporate tax rate change - impact on deferred income taxes |  |  | 2,768,458 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Research and development credit |  |  | 206,801 |  |  |  | (141,494 | ) |  |  | 628,573 |
Federal NOL adjustment |  |  | (386,441 | ) |  |  | (206,133 | ) |  |  | — |
Federal return to provision |  |  | 53,265 |  |  |  | 11,104 |  |  |  | — |
Other federal credits |  |  | 112,262 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Other |  |  | 15,695 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Change in federal valuation allowance |  |  | (2,569,208 | ) |  |  | (944,798 | ) |  |  | (674,460 | )
|  | $ | 25,685 |  |  | $ | 8,181 |  |  | $ | 622 |
Deferred Income Tax Assets and Liabilities | The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows:
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, |
|  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net operating loss carryforwards |  | $ | 4,584,606 |  |  | $ | 6,786,922 |
Capitalization of patent costs, goodwill and amortization |  |  | 221,593 |  |  |  | 332,901 |
Capitalization of acquisition costs |  |  | 84,640 |  |  |  | 43,523 |
Research and AMT credits |  |  | 1,447,479 |  |  |  | 1,689,883 |
Stock based compensation |  |  | 82,085 |  |  |  | 160,182 |
Deferred lease obligation |  |  | 91,017 |  |  |  | 182,550 |
Other timing differences |  |  | 72,787 |  |  |  | 51,314 |
|  |  | 6,584,207 |  |  |  | 9,247,275 |
Less valuation allowance |  |  | (6,453,466 | ) |  |  | (9,028,241 | )
Total deferred tax assets, net of allowance |  | $ | 130,741 |  |  | $ | 219,034 |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed assets |  |  | (104,324 | ) |  |  | (219,034 | )
Goodwill |  |  | (34,388 | ) |  |  | (6,166 | )
Total deferred tax liabilities |  | $ | (138,712 | ) |  | $ | (225,200 | )
Total deferred tax liabilities |  | $ | (7,971 | ) |  | $ | (6,166 | )
Summary of Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefit Activity | The following table summarizes the reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits activity during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, |
|  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
Beginning unrecognized tax benefits |  | $ | 1,532,000 |  |  | $ | 1,408,000 |
Decreases related to prior year tax positions |  |  | (1,001,000 | ) |  |  | (53,000 | )
Increases related to current year tax positions |  |  | 179,000 |  |  |  | 177,000 |
Ending unrecognized tax benefits |  | $ | 710,000 |  |  | $ | 1,532,000 |

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