Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Description of Business	Description of Business Airgain, Inc. (the Company) was incorporated in the State of California on March 20, 1995, and reincorporated in the State of Delaware on August 17, 2016. The Company is a leading provider of advanced wireless connectivity solutions and technologies used to enable high performance wireless networking across a broad and increasing range of devices and markets, including consumer, enterprise, and automotive. The Company’s headquarters is in San Diego, California with office space and research, design, and test facilities in the United States, United Kingdom, China, and Taiwan.
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation	Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). All intercompany transactions and investments have been eliminated in consolidation.
Segment Information	Segment Information The Company’s operations are located primarily in the United States and most of its assets are located in San Diego, California, Scottsdale, Arizona and Plymouth, Minnesota. The Company operates in one segment related to the sale of wireless connectivity solutions and technologies. The Company’s chief operating decision-maker is its chief executive officer, who reviews operating results on an aggregate basis and manages the Company’s operations as a single operating segment.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include valuation of intangible assets and valuation of contingent consideration related to the NimbeLink acquisition.
Reclassifications	Reclassifications Certain amounts in the prior year financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the presentation of the current year financial statements including the reclassification of shipping and handling expenses from general and administrative expenses to sales and marketing expenses in the Company's consolidated statement of operations as well as reclassification of sales channel and geographic location in the disaggregated revenue disclosures in Note 18.
Cash Equivalents	Cash Equivalents Cash equivalents are comprised of short-term, highly liquid investments with maturities of 90 days or less at the date of purchase.
Restricted cash	Restricted Cash As of December 31, 2021, the Company has $175,000 in cash on deposit to secure certain lease commitments. $40,000 of the restricted cash is short-term in nature and is recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $135,000, which is restricted for more than twelve months, is recorded in other assets in the Company's consolidated balance sheet.
Trade Accounts Receivable	Trade Accounts Receivable Trade accounts receivable is adjusted for all known uncollectible accounts. The policy for determining when receivables are past due or delinquent is based on the contractual terms agreed upon. Accounts are written off once all collection efforts have been exhausted. An allowance for doubtful accounts is established when, in the opinion of management, collection of the account is doubtful. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $0 as of December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Inventory	Inventory The majority of the Company’s products are manufactured by third parties that retain ownership of the inventory until title is transferred to the customer at the shipping point. In some situations, the Company retains ownership of inventory which is held in third party contract manufacturing facilities. In certain instances, shipping terms are delivery-at-place and the Company is responsible for arranging transportation and delivery of goods ready for unloading at the named place. In those instances, the Company bears all risk involved in bringing the goods to the named place and records the related inventory in transit to the customer as inventory on the accompanying balance sheet. The Company also manufactures certain of its products at its facility located in Scottsdale, Arizona. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. For items manufactured by the Company cost is determined using the weighted average cost method. For items manufactured by third parties, cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method (FIFO). Any adjustments to reduce the cost of inventories to their net realizable value are recognized in earnings in the current period. Provisions for excess and obsolete inventories, estimated based on product life cycles, quality issues, and historical experience, were $47,000 and $10,000 as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Property and Equipment	Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally three to fifteen years. The estimated useful lives for leasehold improvements are determined as either the estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term, whichever is shorter. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Property and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. When assets are disposed of (or otherwise sold), the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss on the disposal of property and equipment is classified as other expense (income) in the Company's consolidated statement of operations.
Goodwill	Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of cost over fair value of net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually using either a qualitative assessment, and / or quantitative assessment, which is based on comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, a goodwill impairment loss is recorded. The Company completes its goodwill impairment test as of December 1 each year or more frequently if it believes indicators of impairment exist. No impairment losses were recorded during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Intangibles	Intangibles The Company’s identifiable intangible assets are comprised of acquired market-related intangibles, developed technologies, customer relationships and non-compete agreements. The cost of the identifiable intangible assets with finite lives is amortized on a straight-line basis over the assets’ respective estimated useful lives. The Company periodically re-evaluates the original assumptions and estimated lives of long-lived assets and finite-lived intangible assets. Long-lived assets and finite-lived intangibles are assessed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If an asset is considered to be impaired the impairment recognized is equal to the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value. No impairments were recorded during the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Business Combinations	Business Combinations The Company applies the provisions of ASC 805, Business Combinations, in accounting for its acquisitions. It requires the Company to recognize separately from goodwill the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed, at the acquisition date fair values. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the acquisition date fair values of the net assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, as well as the contingent consideration, where applicable, its estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company records adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the consolidated statements of operations. In addition, uncertain tax positions and tax-related valuation allowances assumed, if any, in connection with a business combination are initially estimated as of the acquisition date. The Company re-evaluates these items quarterly based upon facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date with any adjustments to the preliminary estimates being recorded to goodwill if identified within the measurement period. Subsequent to the end of the measurement period or final determination of the estimated value of the tax allowance or contingency, whichever comes first, changes to these uncertain tax positions and tax related valuation allowances will affect the income tax provision (benefit) in the consolidated statements of operations and could have a material impact on the results of operations and financial position.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, or ASC 606, using the modified retrospective method. The Company generates revenue mainly from the sale of wireless connectivity solutions and technologies. A portion of revenue is generated from service agreements and data subscription plans with certain customers. The revenue generated from service and data subscription plans is insignificant. The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of control of the promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services. Control transfers to customers either when the products are shipped to or received by the customer, based on the terms of the specific agreement with the customer. Revenue from NimbeLink's data subscription plans is recognized over the period of the subscription. The Company records revenue based on a five-step model in accordance with ASC 606 whereby the company (i) identifies the contract(s) with the customer, (ii) identifies the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determines the transaction price, (iv) allocates the transaction price to the performance obligation(s) in the contract and (v) recognizes the revenue when (as) the entity satisfies performance obligations. The Company only applies the five-step model when it is probable that the entity will collect substantially all of the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. For product sales, each purchase order, along with existing customer agreements, when applicable, represents a contract from a customer and each product sold represents a distinct performance obligation. The contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. The majority of our revenue is recognized on a “point-in-time” basis when control has passed to the customer. The revenue from service contracts is recognized either at a "point-in-time" or “over time” based on the terms and conditions in the contract. Revenue from data subscription plans are recognized “over time”. A portion of the Company's sales is made through distributors under agreements allowing for pricing credits and/or rights of return under certain circumstances. A reserve for potential rights of return from distributors of $109,000 was recorded as of December 31, 2021. No reserve for potential rights of return from distributors was recorded as of December 31, 2020. The Company's contracts with customers do not typically include extended payment terms. Payment terms may vary by contract and type of customer and generally range from 30 to 90 days from delivery. The Company provides assurance-type warranties on all product sales ranging from one to two years. The estimated warranty costs are accrued for at the time of sale based on historical warranty experience plus any known or expected changes in warranty exposure. The Company has recorded a warranty reserve of $58,000 and $10,000 as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The Company has opted to not disclose the portion of revenues allocated to partially unsatisfied performance obligations, which represent products to be shipped within 12 months under open customer purchase orders, at the end of the current reporting period as allowed under ASC 606. The Company has also elected to record sales commissions when incurred, pursuant to the practical expedient under ASC 340, Other Assets and Deferred Costs, as the period over which the sales commission asset that would have been recognized is less than one year. There were no contract assets at December 31, 2021 and 2020. As of December 31, 2021, and 2020, the Company recorded $79,000 and $19,000 of contract liabilities, respectively.
Shipping and Transportation Costs	Shipping and Transportation Costs Shipping and other transportation costs—expensed as incurred—were $444,000 and $166,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. These costs are included in sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Research and Development Costs	Research and Development Costs Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.
Advertising Costs	Advertising Costs Advertising costs—expensed as incurred—were $270,000 and $60,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. These costs are included in sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The Company records income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. When applicable a valuation allowance is established to reduce any deferred tax asset when it is determined that it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company records interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in general and administrative expenses.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation We recognize compensation costs related to stock options and restricted stock units granted to employees and directors based on the estimated fair value of the awards on the date of grant. We estimate the grant date fair value, and the resulting stock-based compensation expense, using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The grant date fair value of stock-based awards is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the respective award. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model are as follows: • Fair value of our common stock. The Company’s common stock is valued by reference to the publicly traded price of our common stock. • Expected term. The expected term represents the period of time stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding. • Expected volatility. From 2016 through 2017, the Company estimated expected volatility using weighted average historical volatilities of comparable publicly traded companies within our industry. Beginning 2018, the Company began using its historical share prices along with volatilities of the selected comparable companies, to calculate a weighted average volatility. • Risk-free interest rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant for zero coupon U.S. Treasury notes with maturities approximately equal to the expected term. • Expected dividend. The expected dividend is assumed to be zero as the Company has never paid dividends and have no current plans to pay any dividends. Compensation cost is expensed on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the entire reward. The Company recognizes forfeitures when incurred.
Fair Value Measurements	Fair Value Measurements The carrying values of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash, trade accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and deferred purchase price obligations approximate their fair values due to the short maturity of these instruments. Fair value measurements are market-based measurements, not entity-specific measurements. Therefore, fair value measurements are determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The Company follows a three-level hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values. The basis for fair value measurements for each level within the hierarchy is described below: • Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. • Level 2: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets. Level 3: Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable in active markets.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements	Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets as lease liabilities, representing a liability to make lease payments, and corresponding right-of-use assets representing its right to use the underlying asset. The Company adopted the new accounting standard using the modified retrospective transition option as of the effective date on January 1, 2021. The adoption of this standard had a material impact on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The adoption did not have an impact on the Company's consolidated statements of operations. See Note 11 for disclosures related to the adoption of this standard. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, as part of its initiative to reduce complexity in accounting standards. The amendments in the ASU include removing exceptions to incremental intraperiod tax allocation of losses and gains from different financial statement components, exceptions to the method of recognizing income taxes on interim period losses, and exceptions to deferred tax liability recognition related to foreign subsidiary investments. In addition, the ASU requires that entities recognize franchise tax based on an incremental method and requires an entity to evaluate the accounting for step-ups in the tax basis of goodwill as inside or outside of a business combination. The Company has adopted this standard as of January 1, 2021. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This standard changes the methodology for measuring credit losses on financial instruments and the timing of when such losses are recorded. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10, Effective Dates which updated the effective dates of adoption of ASU 2016-13 for Smaller Reporting Companies, for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. Companies are required to adopt the standard using a modified retrospective adoption method. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the standard on its financial statements. In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), Targeted Transition Relief, which provides entities that have certain instruments within the scope of ASC 326-20, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses-Measured at Amortized Cost, with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option for eligible instruments. The effective date and transition methodology for this standard are the same as in ASU 2016-13. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the standard on its financial statements. In April 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-04, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt—Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40), Issuer’s Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity-Classified Written Call Options. This guidance clarifies and reduces diversity in an issuer’s accounting for modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options due to a lack of explicit guidance in the FASB Codification. The ASU 2021-04 is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2021-04 on its consolidated financial statements.

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Airgain, Inc. (the Company) was incorporated in the State of California on March 20, 1995, and reincorporated in the State of Delaware on August 17, 2016. The Company is a leading provider of advanced wireless connectivity solutions and technologies used to enable high performance wireless networking across a broad and increasing range of devices and markets, including consumer, enterprise, and automotive. The Company’s headquarters is in San Diego, California with office space and research, design, and test facilities in the United States, United Kingdom, China, and Taiwan.

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). All intercompany transactions and investments have been eliminated in consolidation.

Segment Information

The Company’s operations are located primarily in the United States and most of its assets are located in San Diego, California, Scottsdale, Arizona and Plymouth, Minnesota. The Company operates in one segment related to the sale of wireless connectivity solutions and technologies. The Company’s chief operating decision-maker is its chief executive officer, who reviews operating results on an aggregate basis and manages the Company’s operations as a single operating segment.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include valuation of intangible assets and valuation of contingent consideration related to the NimbeLink acquisition.

Reclassifications

Certain amounts in the prior year financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the presentation of the current year financial statements including the reclassification of shipping and handling expenses from general and administrative expenses to sales and marketing expenses in the Company's consolidated statement of operations as well as reclassification of sales channel and geographic location in the disaggregated revenue disclosures in Note 18.

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents are comprised of short-term, highly liquid investments with maturities of 90 days or less at the date of purchase.

Restricted cash

Restricted Cash

As of December 31, 2021, the Company has $175,000 in cash on deposit to secure certain lease commitments. $40,000 of the restricted cash is short-term in nature and is recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $135,000, which is restricted for more than twelve months, is recorded in other assets in the Company's consolidated balance sheet.

Trade Accounts Receivable

Trade accounts receivable is adjusted for all known uncollectible accounts. The policy for determining when receivables are past due or delinquent is based on the contractual terms agreed upon. Accounts are written off once all collection efforts have been exhausted. An allowance for doubtful accounts is established when, in the opinion of management, collection of the account is doubtful. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $0 as of December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Inventory

The majority of the Company’s products are manufactured by third parties that retain ownership of the inventory until title is transferred to the customer at the shipping point. In some situations, the Company retains ownership of inventory which is held in third party contract manufacturing facilities. In certain instances, shipping terms are delivery-at-place and the Company is responsible for arranging transportation and delivery of goods ready for unloading at the named place. In those instances, the Company bears all risk involved in bringing the goods to the named place and records the related inventory in transit to the customer as inventory on the accompanying balance sheet. The Company also manufactures certain of its products at its facility located in Scottsdale, Arizona.

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. For items manufactured by the Company cost is determined using the weighted average cost method. For items manufactured by third parties, cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method (FIFO). Any adjustments to reduce the cost of inventories to their net realizable value are recognized in earnings in the current period. Provisions for excess and obsolete inventories, estimated based on product life cycles, quality issues, and historical experience, were $47,000 and $10,000 as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally three to fifteen years. The estimated useful lives for leasehold improvements are determined as either the estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term, whichever is shorter. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Property and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. When assets are disposed of (or otherwise sold), the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss on the disposal of property and equipment is classified as other expense (income) in the Company's consolidated statement of operations.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of cost over fair value of net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually using either a qualitative assessment, and / or quantitative assessment, which is based on comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, a goodwill impairment loss is recorded. The Company completes its goodwill impairment test as of December 1 each year or more frequently if it believes indicators of impairment exist. No impairment losses were recorded during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Intangibles

The Company’s identifiable intangible assets are comprised of acquired market-related intangibles, developed technologies, customer relationships and non-compete agreements. The cost of the identifiable intangible assets with finite lives is amortized on a straight-line basis over the assets’ respective estimated useful lives. The Company periodically re-evaluates the original assumptions and estimated lives of long-lived assets and finite-lived intangible assets. Long-lived assets and finite-lived intangibles are assessed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If an asset is considered to be impaired the impairment recognized is equal to the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value. No impairments were recorded during the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Business Combinations

The Company applies the provisions of ASC 805, Business Combinations, in accounting for its acquisitions. It requires the Company to recognize separately from goodwill the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed, at the acquisition date fair values. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the acquisition date fair values of the net assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, as well as the contingent consideration, where applicable, its estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company records adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the consolidated statements of operations.

In addition, uncertain tax positions and tax-related valuation allowances assumed, if any, in connection with a business combination are initially estimated as of the acquisition date. The Company re-evaluates these items quarterly based upon facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date with any adjustments to the preliminary estimates being recorded to goodwill if identified within the measurement period. Subsequent to the end of the measurement period or final determination of the estimated value of the tax allowance or contingency, whichever comes first, changes to these uncertain tax positions and tax related valuation allowances will affect the income tax provision (benefit) in the consolidated statements of operations and could have a material impact on the results of operations and financial position.

Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, or ASC 606, using the modified retrospective method. The Company generates revenue mainly from the sale of wireless connectivity solutions and technologies. A portion of revenue is generated from service agreements and data subscription plans with certain customers. The revenue generated from service and data subscription plans is insignificant. The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of control of the promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services. Control transfers to customers either when the products are shipped to or received by the customer, based on the terms of the specific agreement with the customer. Revenue from NimbeLink's data subscription plans is recognized over the period of the subscription.

The Company records revenue based on a five-step model in accordance with ASC 606 whereby the company (i) identifies the contract(s) with the customer, (ii) identifies the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determines the transaction price, (iv) allocates the transaction price to the performance obligation(s) in the contract and (v) recognizes the revenue when (as) the entity satisfies performance obligations. The Company only applies the five-step model when it is probable that the entity will collect substantially all of the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer.

For product sales, each purchase order, along with existing customer agreements, when applicable, represents a contract from a customer and each product sold represents a distinct performance obligation. The contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. The majority of our revenue is recognized on a “point-in-time” basis when control has passed to the customer. The revenue from service contracts is recognized either at a "point-in-time" or “over time” based on the terms and conditions in the contract. Revenue from data subscription plans are recognized “over time”.

A portion of the Company's sales is made through distributors under agreements allowing for pricing credits and/or rights of return under certain circumstances. A reserve for potential rights of return from distributors of $109,000 was recorded as of December 31, 2021. No reserve for potential rights of return from distributors was recorded as of December 31, 2020.

The Company's contracts with customers do not typically include extended payment terms. Payment terms may vary by contract and type of customer and generally range from 30 to 90 days from delivery.

The Company provides assurance-type warranties on all product sales ranging from one to two years. The estimated warranty costs are accrued for at the time of sale based on historical warranty experience plus any known or expected changes in warranty exposure. The Company has recorded a warranty reserve of $58,000 and $10,000 as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The Company has opted to not disclose the portion of revenues allocated to partially unsatisfied performance obligations, which represent products to be shipped within 12 months under open customer purchase orders, at the end of the current reporting period as allowed under ASC 606. The Company has also elected to record sales commissions when incurred, pursuant to the practical expedient under ASC 340, Other Assets and Deferred Costs, as the period over which the sales commission asset that would have been recognized is less than one year.

There were no contract assets at December 31, 2021 and 2020. As of December 31, 2021, and 2020, the Company recorded $79,000 and $19,000 of contract liabilities, respectively.

Shipping and Transportation Costs

Shipping and other transportation costs—expensed as incurred—were $444,000 and $166,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. These costs are included in sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs—expensed as incurred—were $270,000 and $60,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. These costs are included in sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Income Taxes

The Company records income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. When applicable a valuation allowance is established to reduce any deferred tax asset when it is determined that it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company records interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in general and administrative expenses.

Stock-Based Compensation

We recognize compensation costs related to stock options and restricted stock units granted to employees and directors based on the estimated fair value of the awards on the date of grant. We estimate the grant date fair value, and the resulting stock-based compensation expense, using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The grant date fair value of stock-based awards is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the respective award.

The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model are as follows:

•

Fair value of our common stock. The Company’s common stock is valued by reference to the publicly traded price of our common stock.

•

Expected term. The expected term represents the period of time stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding.

•

Expected volatility. From 2016 through 2017, the Company estimated expected volatility using weighted average historical volatilities of comparable publicly traded companies within our industry. Beginning 2018, the Company began using its historical share prices along with volatilities of the selected comparable companies, to calculate a weighted average volatility.

•

Risk-free interest rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant for zero coupon U.S. Treasury notes with maturities approximately equal to the expected term.

•

Expected dividend. The expected dividend is assumed to be zero as the Company has never paid dividends and have no current plans to pay any dividends.

Compensation cost is expensed on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the entire reward. The Company recognizes forfeitures when incurred.

Fair Value Measurements

The carrying values of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash, trade accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and deferred purchase price obligations approximate their fair values due to the short maturity of these instruments.

Fair value measurements are market-based measurements, not entity-specific measurements. Therefore, fair value measurements are determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The Company follows a three-level hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values. The basis for fair value measurements for each level within the hierarchy is described below:

•

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•

Level 2: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.

Level 3: Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable in active markets.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets as lease liabilities, representing a liability to make lease payments, and corresponding right-of-use assets representing its right to use the underlying asset. The Company adopted the new accounting standard using the modified retrospective transition option as of the effective date on January 1, 2021. The adoption of this standard had a material impact on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The adoption did not have an impact on the Company's consolidated statements of operations. See Note 11 for disclosures related to the adoption of this standard.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, as part of its initiative to reduce complexity in accounting standards. The amendments in the ASU include removing exceptions to incremental intraperiod tax allocation of losses and gains from different financial statement components, exceptions to the method of recognizing income taxes on interim period losses, and exceptions to deferred tax liability recognition related to foreign subsidiary investments. In addition, the ASU requires that entities recognize franchise tax based on an incremental method and requires an entity to evaluate the accounting for step-ups in the tax basis of goodwill as inside or outside of a business combination. The Company has adopted this

standard as of January 1, 2021. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This standard changes the methodology for measuring credit losses on financial instruments and the timing of when such losses are recorded. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10, Effective Dates which updated the effective dates of adoption of ASU 2016-13 for Smaller Reporting Companies, for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. Companies are required to adopt the standard using a modified retrospective adoption method. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the standard on its financial statements.

In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), Targeted Transition Relief, which provides entities that have certain instruments within the scope of ASC 326-20, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses-Measured at Amortized Cost, with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option for eligible instruments. The effective date and transition methodology for this standard are the same as in ASU 2016-13. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the standard on its financial statements.

In April 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-04, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt—Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40), Issuer’s Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity-Classified Written Call Options. This guidance clarifies and reduces diversity in an issuer’s accounting for modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options due to a lack of explicit guidance in the FASB Codification. The ASU 2021-04 is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2021-04 on its consolidated financial statements.