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BUSINESS COMBINATIONS | 6 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2023
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS |
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS | 4.BUSINESS COMBINATIONS The Company accounts for acquisitions in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The guidance requires consideration given, including contingent consideration, assets acquired, liabilities assumed and non-controlling interests to be valued at their fair market values at the acquisition date. The guidance further provides that: (1) in-process research and development will be recorded at fair value as an indefinite-lived intangible asset; (2) acquisition costs will generally be expensed as incurred; (3) restructuring costs associated with a business combination will generally be expensed subsequent to the acquisition date; and (4) changes in deferred tax asset valuation allowances and income tax uncertainties after the acquisition date generally will affect income tax expense (benefit). ASC 805 requires that any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired, including identifiable intangibles and liabilities assumed, be recognized as goodwill. Plato BioPharma Acquisition On October 4, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Plato BioPharma, Inc. (“Plato”) to expand its market reach in early-stage drug discovery. Consideration for the Plato acquisition consisted of (i) $10,530 in cash, including working capital and subject to customary purchase price adjustments, (ii) 57,587 of the Company’s common shares valued at $1,776 using the closing price of the Company’s common shares on October 4, 2021 and (iii) seller notes to the former shareholder of Plato in an aggregate principal amount of $3,000. This business is reported as part of our DSA reportable segment. The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | October 4, 2021
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed: |  | ​ | ​ | ​ |
Cash | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,027
Trade receivables and contract assets | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 853
Prepaid expenses and other assets | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 133
Property and equipment | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,127
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2,272
Goodwill | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 9,279
Intangible assets | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 4,800
Accounts payable | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (113)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (343)
Operating lease liabilities | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (2,272)
Deferred tax liabilities | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (1,457)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | $ | 15,306
​ Property and equipment is mostly composed of lab equipment, furniture and fixtures, and computer equipment. The fair value of property and equipment was determined using a combination of cost and market-based methodologies. Intangible assets primarily relate to customer relationships. The acquired definite-lived intangible assets are being amortized over a weighted-average estimated useful life of approximately eight years for customer relationships on a straight-line basis. The estimated fair value of the customer relationships was determined using the "income approach," which is a valuation technique that provides the fair value of an asset based on market participant expectations of the cash flows an asset would generate over its remaining useful life. Some of the significant assumptions inherent in the development of these asset valuations include the estimated net cash flows for each year for each asset or product (including revenues and EBITDA), the appropriate discount rate necessary to measure the risk inherent in each future cash flow stream, the life cycle of each asset, the potential regulatory and commercial success risk, and competitive trends impacting the asset and each cash flow stream, as well as other factors. Goodwill, which is derived from the enhanced scientific expertise, expanded client base and our ability to provide broader service solutions through a comprehensive portfolio, is recorded based on the amount by which the purchase price exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired and is not deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill from this transaction is allocated to the Company’s DSA reportable segment. In accordance with ASC 805-740, the Company established a deferred tax liability with an offset to goodwill in connection with the accounting for the opening balance sheet of the Plato acquisition as a result of book-to-tax differences primarily related to the intangible assets. Envigo RMS Holding Corp Acquisition On November 5, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Envigo by merger of a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company with and into Envigo to expand its market reach in early-stage drug discovery. The aggregate consideration paid to the holders of outstanding capital stock in Envigo in the merger consisted of cash of $217,808, including adjustments for net working capital, and 8,245,918 of the Company’s common shares valued at $439,590 using the opening price of the Company’s common shares on November 5, 2021. In addition, the Company assumed certain outstanding Envigo stock options, including both vested and unvested options, that were converted to the right to purchase 790,620 Company common shares at an exercise price of $9.93 per share. The stock options were valued at $44.80 per option utilizing a Black-Scholes option valuation model with the inputs below. The total value of options issued was $35,418, of which $18,242 was excluded from the purchase price as those options were determined to be post-combination expense. The previously vested stock options are reflected as purchase consideration of approximately $17,176. This business is reported as part of the Company’s RMS reportable segment. ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Stock price | ​ | $ | 53.31 | ​
Strike price | ​ | $ | 9.93 | ​
Volatility | ​ | ​ | 75.93 | %
Expected term | ​ | ​ | 3.05 | ​
Risk-free rate | ​ | ​ | 0.62 | %
​ The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:
​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | November 5, 2021
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed: |  | ​ |
Cash | ​ | ​ | 2,488
Restricted cash | ​ | ​ | 435
Trade receivables and contract assets | ​ | ​ | 43,566
Inventories | ​ | ​ | 40,000
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ​ | ​ | 17,373
Property and equipment | ​ | ​ | 106,338
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net | ​ | ​ | 13,229
Goodwill | ​ | ​ | 282,768
Intangible assets - customer relationships | ​ | ​ | 251,000
Intangible assets - intellectual property | ​ | ​ | 49,000
Other assets | ​ | ​ | 7,676
Accounts payable | ​ | ​ | (25,832)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | ​ | ​ | (11,665)
Fees invoiced in advance | ​ | ​ | (7,047)
Current portion on long-term operating lease | ​ |  | (4,371)
Long-term operating leases, net | ​ | ​ | (8,634)
Other liabilities | ​ | ​ | (5,339)
Deferred tax liabilities | ​ | ​ | (77,291)
Noncontrolling interest | ​ | ​ | 880
​ | ​ | $ | 674,574
​ Inventory is comprised of small and large animal research models, including NHPs, and Teklad diet and bedding. The fair value was determined using a comparative sales methodology, in which the intent is to ensure that the acquirer only recognizes profits associated to value added subsequent to the acquisition date. Property and equipment is mostly composed of land, buildings and equipment (including lab equipment, furniture and fixtures, caging and computer equipment). The fair value of property and equipment was determined using a combination of cost and market-based methodologies. Intangible assets primarily relate to customer relationships and technology associated with the ability to produce and care for the research models. The acquired customer relationship intangible assets are being amortized over a weighted-average estimated useful life of approximately 12.5 years on a straight-line basis and the acquired intellectual property associated with the ability to produce and care for the research models is being amortized over a weighted-average estimated useful life of approximately 8.8 years. The estimated fair values of identifiable intangible assets were determined using the "income approach," which is a valuation technique that provides an estimate of the fair value of an asset based on market participant expectations of the cash flows an asset would generate over its remaining useful life. Some of the significant assumptions inherent in the development of these asset valuations include the estimated net cash flows for each year for each asset or product (including revenues, gross margin, EBITDA, customer survival rate and royalty rates), the appropriate discount rate necessary to measure the risk inherent in each future cash flow stream, the life cycle of each asset, the potential regulatory and commercial success risk, and competitive trends impacting the asset and each cash flow stream, as well as other factors. In accordance with ASC 805-740, the Company established a deferred tax liability with an offset to goodwill in connection with the accounting for the opening balance sheet of the Envigo acquisition as a result of book-to-tax differences primarily related to the intangible assets, step up on the fair value of inventory and property and equipment. Within the deferred tax liability, $2,222 of acquired foreign net operating losses are offset by an uncertain tax benefit of $1,861. Goodwill, which is derived from the expanded client base, the ability to provide products and services for the entirety of discovery and nonclinical development within one organization, and to ensure supply for internal use, is recorded based on the amount by which the purchase price exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired and $50,428 is deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill from this transaction is allocated to the Company’s RMS reportable segment. Robinson Services, Inc. Acquisition On December 29, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of the rabbit breeding and supply business of Robinson Services, Inc. (“RSI”). The acquisition was another step in Inotiv’s strategic plan for building its RMS business. The aggregate consideration paid in the transaction consisted of cash consideration of $3,250 and 70,633 of the Company’s common shares valued at $2,898 using the closing price of the Company’s common shares on December 29, 2021. This business is reported as part of the Company’s RMS reportable segment. The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:
​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 29, 2021
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed: |  | ​ |
Customer relationship | ​ | ​ | 4,700
Non-compete agreement | ​ | ​ | 300
Supply agreement | ​ | ​ | 200
Goodwill | ​ | ​ | 948
​ | ​ | $ | 6,148
​ Intangible assets primarily relate to customer relationships. The acquired definite-lived intangible assets are being amortized over a weighted-average estimated useful life of approximately 7.5 years on a straight-line basis. The estimated fair values of identifiable intangible assets were determined using the "income approach," which is a valuation technique that provides an estimate of the fair value of an asset based on market participant expectations of the cash flows an asset would generate over its remaining useful life. Some of the significant assumptions inherent in the development of these asset valuations include the estimated net cash flows for each year for each asset or product (including revenues and EBITDA), the appropriate discount rate necessary to measure the risk inherent in each future cash flow stream, the life cycle of each asset, the potential regulatory and commercial success risk, and competitive trends impacting the asset and each cash flow stream, as well as other factors. Goodwill, which is derived from the expanded client base and our ability to provide broader service solutions through a comprehensive portfolio, is recorded based on the amount by which the purchase price exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired and is deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill from this transaction is allocated to the Company’s RMS reportable segment. Integrated Laboratory Systems, LLC Acquisition On January 10, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of Integrated Laboratory Systems, LLC (“ILS”). ILS is a provider of services specializing in nonclinical and analytical drug discovery and development services. Consideration for the ILS acquisition consisted of (i) $38,993 in cash, including adjustments for net working capital, and inclusive of $3,800 being held in escrow for purposes of securing any amounts payable by the selling parties on account of indemnification obligations, purchase price adjustments, and other amounts payable under the merger agreement, (ii) 429,118 of the Company’s common shares valued at $14,466 using the opening price of the Company’s common shares on January 10, 2022 and (iii) the effective settlement of a preexisting relationship of $(15). This business is reported as part of our DSA reportable segment. The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:
​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | January 10, 2022
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed: |  | ​ |
Cash | ​ | ​ | 797
Trade receivables, contract assets and other current assets | ​ | ​ | 4,730
Property and equipment | ​ | ​ | 4,436
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net | ​ | ​ | 4,994
Goodwill | ​ | ​ | 25,283
Intangible assets | ​ | ​ | 22,300
Accounts payable | ​ | ​ | (1,165)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | ​ | ​ | (905)
Fees invoiced in advance | ​ | ​ | (2,472)
Operating lease liabilities | ​ | ​ | (4,554)
​ | ​ | $ | 53,444
​ Property and equipment is mostly composed of equipment (including lab equipment, furniture and fixtures, and computer equipment) and leasehold improvements. The fair value of property and equipment was determined using a combination of cost and market-based methodologies. Intangible assets primarily relate to customer relationships. The acquired definite-lived intangible assets are being amortized over a weighted-average estimated useful life of approximately nine years on a straight-line basis. The estimated fair values of identifiable intangible assets were determined using the "income approach," which is a valuation technique that provides an estimate of the fair value of an asset based on market participant expectations of the cash flows an asset would generate over its remaining useful life. Some of the significant assumptions inherent in the development of these asset valuations include the estimated net cash flows for each year for each asset or product (including revenues, EBITDA, and customer survival rate), the appropriate discount rate necessary to measure the risk inherent in each future cash flow stream, the life cycle of each asset, the potential regulatory and commercial success risk, and competitive trends impacting the asset and each cash flow stream, as well as other factors. Goodwill, which is derived from the enhanced scientific expertise, expanded client base and our ability to provide broader service solutions through a comprehensive portfolio, is recorded based on the amount by which the purchase price exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired and is deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill from this transaction is allocated to the Company’s DSA reportable segment. Orient BioResource Center, Inc. Acquisition On January 27, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of OBRC from Orient Bio, Inc., a preclinical contract research organization and animal model supplier based in Seongnam, South Korea (“Seller”). OBRC is a primate quarantine and holding facility. Consideration for the OBRC acquisition consisted of (i) $26,522 in cash, including certain adjustments, (ii) 677,339 of the Company’s common shares valued at $18,410 using the closing price of the Company’s common shares on January 27, 2022, (iii) the effective settlement of a preexisting relationship of $1,017 and (iv) a payable owed by OBRC to the Seller in the amount of $3,325. The preexisting relationship represents the return of fees invoiced in advance and paid to OBRC by the Company prior to the acquisition offset by the payment of trade receivables by the Company to OBRC. As these were settled at the stated value, no gain or loss was recorded as a result of the settlement of this preexisting relationship. The payable does not bear interest and is required to be paid to the Seller on the date that is 18 months after the closing. Refer to Note 6 – Debt and Note 15 – Subsequent Events for further information related to amendments of the terms of the payable due to the Seller. The Company will have the right to set off against the payable any amounts that become payable by the Seller on account of indemnification obligations under the purchase agreement. This business is reported as part of our RMS reportable segment. In accordance with ASC 805-740, the Company established a deferred tax liability with an offset to goodwill in connection with the accounting for the opening balance sheet of the OBRC acquisition as a result of book-to-tax differences primarily related to the intangible assets and property and equipment. The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:
​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | January 27, 2022
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed: |  | ​ |
Cash | ​ | ​ | 5,481
Trade receivables and contract assets | ​ | ​ | 2,025
Inventories | ​ | ​ | 9,400
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ​ | ​ | 2,609
Property and equipment | ​ | ​ | 8,336
Goodwill | ​ | ​ | 18,624
Intangible assets | ​ | ​ | 13,400
Accounts payable | ​ | ​ | (552)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | ​ | ​ | (285)
Fees invoiced in advance | ​ | ​ | (6,548)
Deferred tax liabilities | ​ | ​ | (3,216)
​ | ​ | $ | 49,274
​ Inventory is comprised of NHP research models. The fair value was determined using a comparative sales methodology, in which the intent is to ensure that the acquirer only recognizes profits associated to value added subsequent to the acquisition date. Property and equipment is mostly composed of land, building and equipment. The fair value of property and equipment was determined using a combination of cost and market-based methodologies. Intangible assets primarily relate to customer relationships and technology associated with the ability to produce and care for the research models. The acquired definite-lived intangible assets are being amortized over a weighted-average estimated useful life of approximately 10 years on a straight-line basis. The estimated fair values of identifiable intangible assets were determined using the "income approach," which is a valuation technique that provides an estimate of the fair value of an asset based on market participant expectations of the cash flows an asset would generate over its remaining useful life. Some of the significant assumptions inherent in the development of these asset valuations include the estimated net cash flows for each year for each asset or product (including revenues and EBITDA), the appropriate discount rate necessary to measure the risk inherent in each future cash flow stream, the life cycle of each asset, the potential regulatory and commercial success risk, and competitive trends impacting the asset and each cash flow stream, as well as other factors. In accordance with ASC 805-740, the Company established a deferred tax liability with an offset to goodwill in connection with the accounting for the opening balance sheet of the OBRC acquisition as a result of book-to-tax differences primarily related to the intangible assets and step up on the fair value of inventory. Goodwill, which is derived from the enhanced scientific expertise, expanded client base and our ability to provide broader service solutions through a comprehensive portfolio, is recorded based on the amount by which the purchase price exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired and none is deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill from this transaction is allocated to the Company’s RMS reportable segment. Histion Acquisition On April 25, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of Histion, LLC (“Histion”), which is a strategic element of the Company’s expansion of its specialized pathology services. Consideration for the Histion acquisition consisted of (i) $950 in cash, subject to working capital adjustments, (ii) 17,618 of the Company’s common shares valued at $364 using the closing price of the Company’s common shares on April 25, 2022 and (iii) unsecured subordinated promissory notes payable to the former shareholders of Histion in an aggregate principal amount of $433. Protypia Acquisition On July 7, 2022, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Protypia, Inc. (“Protypia”), which is a strategic element of the Company’s expansion of its mass spectrometry-based bioanalytical offerings providing for the acquisition by the Company of all of the outstanding stock of Protypia on that date. Consideration for the Protypia stock consisted of $9,460 in cash, subject to certain adjustments, $600 in seller notes and 74,997 common shares having a value of approximately $806 based on the opening stock price of the Company’s common shares as reported by Nasdaq on the closing date. The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:
​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Preliminary
​ | ​ | Allocation as of
​ | ​ | March 31, 2023
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed: |  | ​ |
Goodwill | ​ | ​ | 6,002
Intangible assets | ​ | ​ | 5,600
Other liabilities, net | ​ | ​ | (84)
Deferred tax liabilities | ​ |  | (652)
​ | ​ | $ | 10,866
​ The preliminary purchase price allocation is subject to change as additional information becomes available concerning the fair value and tax basis of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including intangible assets, goodwill and deferred tax liabilities. From the date of the acquisition through March 31, 2023, the Company recorded measurement-period adjustments related to the acquisition that resulted in changes to the purchase price allocation. Any additional adjustments to the purchase price allocation will be made as soon as practicable but no later than one year from the date of acquisition. Intangible assets primarily relate to customer relationships and technology associated with the ability to perform specialized protein and peptide mass spectrometry analysis. The acquired definite-lived intangible assets are being amortized over a weighted-average estimated useful life of approximately 8.6 years on a straight-line basis. The estimated fair values of identifiable intangible assets were determined using the "income approach," which is a valuation technique that provides an estimate of the fair value of an asset based on market participant expectations of the cash flows an asset would generate over its remaining useful life. Some of the significant assumptions inherent in the development of these asset valuations include the estimated net cash flows for each year for each asset or product (including revenues and EBITDA), the appropriate discount rate necessary to measure the risk inherent in each future cash flow stream, the life cycle of each asset, the potential regulatory and commercial success risk, and competitive trends impacting the asset and each cash flow stream, as well as other factors. The fair value of intangible assets is based on preliminary assumptions which are subject to change as we complete our valuation procedures. In accordance with ASC 805-740, the Company established a deferred tax liability with an offset to goodwill in connection with the accounting for the opening balance sheet of the Protypia acquisition as a result of book-to-tax differences primarily related to the intangible assets. Goodwill, which is derived from the enhanced scientific expertise and our ability to provide broader service solutions through a comprehensive portfolio, is recorded based on the amount by which the purchase price exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired and none is deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill from this transaction is allocated to the Company’s DSA reportable segment. Pro Forma Results The Company’s unaudited pro forma results of operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, assume that the acquisitions had occurred as of October 1, 2021. Pro forma information for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, is not presented here, as the statement of operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, includes all business combinations. The following pro forma amounts are based on available information of the results of operations prior to the acquisition date and are not necessarily indicative of what the results of operations would have been had the acquisitions been completed on October 1, 2021. The unaudited pro forma information is as follows:
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Six Months Ended
​ | March 31, 2022 | ​ | March 31, 2022
Total revenues | $ | 144,027 | ​ | $ | 269,721
​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​
Net loss | $ | (71,731) | ​ | $ | (98,475)
​ ​

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- Definition The entire disclosure for a business combination (or series of individually immaterial business combinations) completed during the period, including background, timing, and recognized assets and liabilities. The disclosure may include leverage buyout transactions (as applicable). + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 805 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2303972 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 805 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5 -Subparagraph (b) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=128092470&loc=d3e4946-128472 + Details
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