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# UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_____________________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

þ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended: March 31, 2021

OR

¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

Commission file number 1-8625

READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Nevada State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | 95-3885184 (IRS Employer Identification Number)
5995 Sepulveda Boulevard, Suite 300 Culver City, CA (Address of principal executive offices) | 90230 (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (213) 235-2240

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading Symbol |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Nonvoting Common Stock, $0.01 par value |  | RDI |  | NASDAQ
Class B Voting Common Stock, $0.01 par value |  | RDIB |  | NASDAQ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer ¨ Accelerated Filer þ Non-Accelerated Filer ¨ Smaller Reporting Company ¨ Emerging Growth Company ¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No þ

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. As of May 14, 2021, there were 20,128,813 shares of Class A Nonvoting Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share and 1,680,590 shares of Class B Voting Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share outstanding.
‎

1

READING INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

| Page
PART I - Financial Information | 3
Item 1 – Financial Statements | 3
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) | 3
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) | 4
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) | 5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) | 6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 7
Item 2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 33
Item 3 – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk | 60
Item 4 – Controls and Procedures | 61
PART II – Other Information | 62
Item 1 – Legal Proceedings | 62
Item 1A – Risk Factors | 62
Item 2 – Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 63
Item 3 – Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 63
Item 4 – Mine Safety Disclosure | 63
Item 5 – Other Information | 63
Item 6 – Exhibits | 64
SIGNATURES | 65
Certifications |

‎

2

PART 1 – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 - Financial Statements

READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(U.S. dollars in thousands, except share information)

|  | March 31, |  | December 31,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020
ASSETS |  | (unaudited) |  |  |
Current Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 40,920 |  | $ | 26,826
Receivables |  |  | 2,492 |  |  | 2,438
Inventory |  |  | 896 |  |  | 1,059
Prepaid and other current assets |  |  | 5,142 |  |  | 8,414
Land and property held for sale |  |  | 30,510 |  |  | 17,730
Total current assets |  |  | 79,960 |  |  | 56,467
Operating property, net |  |  | 317,153 |  |  | 353,125
Operating lease right-of-use assets |  |  | 213,625 |  |  | 220,503
Investment and development property, net |  |  | 9,728 |  |  | 11,570
Investment in unconsolidated joint ventures |  |  | 4,896 |  |  | 5,025
Goodwill |  |  | 27,449 |  |  | 28,116
Intangible assets, net |  |  | 3,997 |  |  | 3,971
Deferred tax asset, net |  |  | 3,318 |  |  | 3,362
Other assets |  |  | 7,904 |  |  | 8,030
Total assets |  | $ | 668,030 |  | $ | 690,169
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |
Current Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |  | $ | 44,520 |  | $ | 38,877
Film rent payable |  |  | 2,342 |  |  | 2,473
Debt - current portion |  |  | 1,606 |  |  | 41,459
Subordinated debt - current portion |  |  | 685 |  |  | 840
Derivative financial instruments - current portion |  |  | 218 |  |  | 218
Taxes payable - current |  |  | 7,386 |  |  | 82
Deferred revenue |  |  | 9,473 |  |  | 10,133
Operating lease liabilities - current portion |  |  | 22,983 |  |  | 22,699
Other current liabilities |  |  | 3,742 |  |  | 3,826
Total current liabilities |  |  | 92,955 |  |  | 120,607
Debt - long-term portion |  |  | 211,836 |  |  | 213,779
Derivative financial instruments - non-current portion |  |  | 152 |  |  | 212
Subordinated debt, net |  |  | 26,561 |  |  | 26,505
Noncurrent tax liabilities |  |  | 13,229 |  |  | 13,070
Operating lease liabilities - non-current portion |  |  | 205,723 |  |  | 212,806
Other liabilities |  |  | 21,824 |  |  | 22,017
Total liabilities |  |  | 572,280 |  |  | 608,996
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14) |  |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |  |  |  |
Class A non-voting common stock, par value $0.01, 100,000,000 shares authorized, |  |  |  |  |  |
33,056,735 issued and 20,120,625 outstanding at March 31, 2021 and 33,004,717 issued and 20,068,607 outstanding at December 31, 2020 |  |  | 232 |  |  | 231
Class B voting common stock, par value $0.01, 20,000,000 shares authorized and |  |  |  |  |  |
1,680,590 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 17
Nonvoting preferred stock, par value $0.01, 12,000 shares authorized and no issued |  |  |  |  |  |
or outstanding shares at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 |  |  | — |  |  | —
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 150,332 |  |  | 149,979
Retained earnings/(deficits) |  |  | (25,588) |  |  | (44,553)
Treasury shares |  |  | (40,407) |  |  | (40,407)
Accumulated other comprehensive income |  |  | 9,957 |  |  | 12,502
Total Reading International, Inc. stockholders’ equity |  |  | 94,543 |  |  | 77,769
Noncontrolling interests |  |  | 1,207 |  |  | 3,404
Total stockholders’ equity |  |  | 95,750 |  |  | 81,173
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  | $ | 668,030 |  | $ | 690,169

See accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

3

READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited; U.S. dollars in thousands, except per share data)

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | March 31,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020
Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |
Cinema |  | $ | 18,115 |  | $ | 46,310
Real estate |  |  | 3,192 |  |  | 2,918
Total revenue |  |  | 21,307 |  |  | 49,228
Costs and expenses |  |  |  |  |  |
Cinema |  |  | (21,882) |  |  | (42,292)
Real estate |  |  | (2,655) |  |  | (2,760)
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | (5,650) |  |  | (5,270)
General and administrative |  |  | (5,097) |  |  | (5,945)
Total costs and expenses |  |  | (35,284) |  |  | (56,267)
Operating income (loss) |  |  | (13,977) |  |  | (7,039)
Interest expense, net |  |  | (4,363) |  |  | (1,789)
Gain (loss) on sale of assets |  |  | 46,545 |  |  | —
Other income (expense) |  |  | 1,641 |  |  | (218)
Income (loss) before income tax expense and equity earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures |  |  | 29,846 |  |  | (9,046)
Equity earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures |  |  | (50) |  |  | 78
Income (loss) before income taxes |  |  | 29,796 |  |  | (8,968)
Income tax benefit (expense) |  |  | (7,728) |  |  | 3,013
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 22,068 |  | $ | (5,955)
Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests |  |  | 3,103 |  |  | (80)
Net income (loss) attributable to Reading International, Inc. common shareholders |  | $ | 18,965 |  | $ | (5,875)
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to Reading International, Inc. shareholders |  | $ | 0.87 |  | $ | (0.27)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to Reading International, Inc. shareholders |  | $ | 0.86 |  | $ | (0.27)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding–basic |  |  | 21,761,307 |  |  | 21,752,371
Weighted average number of shares outstanding–diluted |  |  | 22,170,268 |  |  | 22,119,621

See accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

C ONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited; U.S. dollars in thousands)

| Three Months Ended
| March 31,
| 2021 |  | 2020
Net income (loss) | $ | 22,068 |  | $ | (5,955)
Foreign currency translation gain (loss) |  | (2,657) |  |  | (15,698)
Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges |  | 61 |  |  | (214)
Other |  | 51 |  |  | 33
Comprehensive income (loss) |  | 19,523 |  |  | (21,834)
Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | 3,103 |  |  | (80)
Less: comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | — |  |  | (18)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Reading International, Inc. | $ | 16,420 |  | $ | (21,736)

See accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

5

READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CON SOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited; U.S. dollars in thousands)

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | March 31,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020
Operating Activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 22,068 |  | $ | (5,955)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures |  |  | 50 |  |  | (78)
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated joint ventures |  |  | — |  |  | 229
Gain recognized on foreign currency transactions |  |  | (2,370) |  |  | —
(Gain) Loss on sale of assets |  |  | (46,545) |  |  | —
Amortization of operating leases |  |  | 5,607 |  |  | 5,028
Amortization of finance leases |  |  | 12 |  |  | 39
Change in operating lease liabilities |  |  | (5,486) |  |  | (4,833)
Interest on hedged derivatives |  |  | — |  |  | —
Change in net deferred tax assets |  |  | — |  |  | 471
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 5,650 |  |  | 5,270
Other amortization |  |  | 334 |  |  | 217
Stock based compensation expense |  |  | 464 |  |  | 335
Net changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Receivables |  |  | 167 |  |  | 3,867
Prepaid and other assets |  |  | 2,544 |  |  | (4,027)
Payments for accrued pension |  |  | (171) |  |  | (171)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  |  | 6,748 |  |  | (3,552)
Film rent payable |  |  | (107) |  |  | (4,821)
Taxes payable |  |  | 7,627 |  |  | (49)
Deferred revenue and other liabilities |  |  | (366) |  |  | (642)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |  |  | (3,774) |  |  | (8,672)
Investing Activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchases of and additions to operating and investment properties |  |  | (1,663) |  |  | (9,804)
Proceeds from sale of assets |  |  | 65,569 |  |  | —
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |  |  | 63,906 |  |  | (9,804)
Financing Activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Repayment of borrowings |  |  | (42,552) |  |  | (22,733)
Repayment of finance lease principal |  |  | (12) |  |  | (40)
Proceeds from borrowings |  |  | 2,337 |  |  | 84,648
Capitalized borrowing costs |  |  | (75) |  |  | (270)
Repurchase of Class A Nonvoting Common Stock |  |  | — |  |  | (671)
(Cash paid) proceeds from the settlement of employee share transactions |  |  | (111) |  |  | (29)
Noncontrolling interest distributions |  |  | (5,300) |  |  | —
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  |  | (45,713) |  |  | 60,905
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |  |  | (325) |  |  | 329
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 14,094 |  |  | 42,758
Cash and cash equivalents at January 1 |  |  | 26,826 |  |  | 12,135
Cash and cash equivalents at March 31 |  | $ | 40,920 |  | $ | 54,893
Supplemental Disclosures |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest paid |  | $ | 4,306 |  | $ | 2,381
Income taxes (refunded) paid |  |  | (3,500) |  |  | 1,426
Non-Cash Transactions |  |  |  |  |  |
Additions to operating and investing properties through accrued expenses |  |  | 3,883 |  |  | 5,671

See accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

6

READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

Note 1 – Description of Business and Segment Reporting

Our Company

Reading International, Inc., a Nevada corporation (“RDI” and collectively with our consolidated subsidiaries and corporate predecessors, the “Company,” “Reading,” and “we,” “us,” or “our”) was incorporated in 1999. Our businesses consist primarily of:

the development, ownership, and operation of cinemas in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand; and,

the development, ownership, operation and/or rental of retail, commercial and live venue real estate assets in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.

Business Segments

Reported below are the operating segments of our Company for which separate financial information is available and evaluated regularly by the Chief Executive Officer, the chief operating decision-maker of our Company. As part of our real estate activities, we hold undeveloped land in urban and suburban centers in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. In the first quarter of 2021, we sold our undeveloped land in Coachella, California, and Manukau, New Zealand.

The table below summarizes the results of operations for each of our business segments for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Operating expense includes costs associated with the day-to-day operations of the cinemas and the management of rental properties, including our live theatre assets.

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | March 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cinema exhibition |  | $ | 18,115 |  | $ | 46,310
Real estate |  |  | 3,323 |  |  | 4,602
Inter-segment elimination |  |  | (131) |  |  | (1,684)
|  | $ | 21,307 |  | $ | 49,228
Segment operating income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |
Cinema exhibition |  | $ | (8,275) |  | $ | (2,654)
Real estate |  |  | (1,368) |  |  | 187
|  | $ | (9,643) |  | $ | (2,467)

A reconciliation of segment operating income to income before income taxes is as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | March 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Segment operating income (loss) |  | $ | (9,643) |  | $ | (2,467)
Unallocated corporate expense |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization expense |  |  | (231) |  |  | (192)
General and administrative expense |  |  | (4,103) |  |  | (4,380)
Interest expense, net |  |  | (4,363) |  |  | (1,789)
Equity earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures |  |  | (50) |  |  | 78
Gain (loss) on sale of assets |  |  | 46,545 |  |  | —
Other income (expense) |  |  | 1,641 |  |  | (218)
Income (loss) before income tax expense |  | $ | 29,796 |  | $ | (8,968)

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries as well as majority-owned subsidiaries that our Company controls, and should be read in conjunction with our Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020 (“2020 Form 10-K”). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation. These consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim reporting with the instructions for Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). As such, they do not include

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all information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. We believe that we have included all normal and recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim period.

Operating results for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2021.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto. Significant estimates include (i) projections we make regarding the recoverability and impairment of our assets (including goodwill and intangibles), (ii) valuations of our derivative instruments, (iii) recoverability of our deferred tax assets, (iv) estimation of breakage and redemption experience rates, which drive how we recognize breakage on our gift card and gift certificates, and revenue from our customer loyalty program, (v) allocation of insurance proceeds to various recoverable components, and (vi) estimation of our Incremental Borrowing Rate (“IBR”) as relates to the valuation of our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

New Accounting Standards and Accounting Changes

1)In the fourth quarter of 2020, we adopted certain practical expedients provided by ASU 2020-04 Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848). This new guidance contains optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform. We have elected certain expedients which permit us to i) continue the method of assessing hedge effectiveness such that the reference rate on the hypothetical derivative matches the reference rate on the hedging instrument and ii) to continue to assert probability of the relevant hedged interest payments regardless of any expected modification in terms related to reference rate reform.

The guidance allows for different expedient elections to be made at different points in time, and to this end the Company intends to reassess its elections of such expedients as and when alternations become necessary

2)On April 8, 2020, the FASB released FASB Staff Q&A Topic 842 and Topic 840: Accounting for Lease Concessions Related to the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic. This provides optional relief when accounting for modifications to leases obtained as a result of COVID-19 which otherwise would have required full modification assessment under ASC 842. Where we have obtained rent concessions from our landlords, or provided concessions to our tenants, we have elected not to perform the standard Topic 842 modification evaluation where the concession does not result in the total consideration required by the contract being substantially less than the total consideration originally required by the contract. Under the guidance, where we have received or provided deferrals of rent, we have recorded the deferrals as receivables or payables, and where we have received or provided abatements, we have recorded these as variable rents in the consolidated statements of income.

3)In the second quarter of 2020, in order to account for certain wage subsidies received from the Australian and New Zealand governments, we adopted International Accounting Standard 20 - Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance (“IAS 20”). The aim of these Australian and New Zealand government subsidies is to protect as many jobs as possible during the COVID-19 Pandemic by subsidizing the wages of employees, using the administrative capabilities of employers to forward such subsidies to their employees. The subsidies are not loans to employees or employers. U.S. GAAP has no codified accounting guidance concerning the measurement and presentation of such government grants, and in lieu of such guidance, common practice is to refer to IAS 20. IAS 20 permits entities to account for government grants on a gross basis, showing grants receivable as income and the associated expense as costs, or on a net basis, by deducting the grant from the related expense. The nature of the wage subsidies is such that, without them, our Company would likely have reduced its wages and salaries expense through the termination of certain employees. In order to faithfully present the transaction, our Company has therefore elected to present wages and salaries expense net of government grants. The impacted wages and salaries costs are contained within ‘other operating expenses’ and ‘general and administrative expenses’ in our cinema and real estate segments. For the three months to March 31, 2021, we have received subsidies totaling AU$2.8 million ($US 2.2 million). For the three months to March 31, 2021, no subsidies were received in New Zealand as that subsidy program finished in 2020. No subsidies were received in the first three months of 2020. There are no unfulfilled conditions or contingencies relating to these subsidies as at March 31, 2021.

4)On January 1, 2020, we adopted ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. This new guidance removes the second step of the two-step impairment test for measuring goodwill and is to be applied on a prospective basis only. Adoption of this standard has no material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

5)On January 1, 2020, we adopted ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326). This new guidance replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology under prior GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. We have no history of significant bad debt losses and as such adoption of this standard has no material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

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Note 3 – Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and Liquidity

General

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (“WHO”) declared the novel coronavirus, COVID-19, a global pandemic. Following the date of this declaration, many jurisdictions imposed various restrictions on “non-essential” activities. In the jurisdictions in which we operate, these restrictions typically included closure of all business deemed “non-essential” (including movie-theaters and most other indoor forms of entertainment), and that all “non-essential” workers, and all members of the public, remain in their homes. As a result, in March 2020 we temporarily closed all of our live theatres and cinema operations in the U.S., Australia and New Zealand. Operating restrictions adopted in Australia and New Zealand also affected many of our tenants at our retail shopping centers.

In the second to fourth quarters of 2020, and continuing into 2021, some jurisdictions have relaxed their COVID-19 restrictions. However, some of these same jurisdictions are, to varying degrees reinstating their lockdowns due to the resurgence of COVID-19. Accordingly, the situation has been, and continues to be, uncertain. Even where businesses have been allowed to reopen, operational limitations on density, hours of operation, and other operating factors, and varying degrees of public concern about interacting with third parties, are impacting the return to normal operations. Vaccination programs are now rolling out in the jurisdictions in which we operate, but periodic closures and limitations on operating activities are expected to continue until the COVID-19 spread is considered materially contained. No assurances can be given as to when material containment within each of the jurisdictions that affect our business will be achieved.

Cinema Segment Ongoing Impact

As of March 31, 2021, we had reopened 19 of our 24 cinemas in the U.S. Our Consolidated Theatre at the Kahala Mall in Honolulu, which was closed for a complete renovation prior to the start of the pandemic closures, remains closed as those renovations have been delayed due to COVID-19. We will open the remaining four cinemas when Management determines it is operationally expedient to do so. In the second quarter of 2020, we reopened all the cinemas in our New Zealand circuit except for our Reading Cinemas at Courtenay Central (which continues to be closed due to seismic concerns which predated the pandemic), with social distancing measures in place. Government imposed social distancing requirements were discontinued in New Zealand on June 8, 2020. In June and July 2020, we reopened all our Australia circuit with social distancing measures in place. While most Australian states have removed social distancing measures, some states are maintaining capacity restrictions. Certain locations in Australia and New Zealand have been, and may in the future be, subject to short local lockdowns in instances where community transition of the virus has spread, but these have been isolated to individual areas. The need to address COVID-19 by reducing our operating costs and capital expenditures additionally delays the timing of the return to full operation of our Courtenay Central cinema anchored shopping center.

We are encouraged by the global performance of certain movies released in March and April 2021, which produced attendances and revenues that, while less than 2019 pre-COVID-19 levels, in our view show signs that the general public wants to enjoy movies in a movie theater environment. Despite this, COVID-19 continues to adversely impact our business by reducing our seating capacities, increasing our costs of operation due to the need for the implementation of enhanced cleaning protocols, deterring some potential customers from sharing entertainment spaces with third parties, and deterring film distributors from releasing their films to exhibitors. While we have confidence in the movies anticipated for release in 2021 and 2022, there can be no assurances that the timing of these releases will not be materially rescheduled by movie studios. Such rescheduling may push the related revenues into later quarters, and in circumstances where a movie is released to streaming on the same day as the theaters, also have the effect of reducing our potential patronage.

Real Estate Segment Ongoing Impact

Substantially all our tenants in our Australian real estate business are currently open for trading. All our tenants in our New Zealand real estate business are currently open for trading. However, most of the rentable retail portions of our Courtenay Central location continue to be closed since January 2019 due to seismic concerns. In the U.S., much of our real estate income is generated by rental revenue from our live theatres which, as of the date of this Report, are closed to the public due to COVID-19.

Liquidity Impact

The closure of our global cinemas led to a significant decrease in our Company’s revenues and earnings for the year ended December 31, 2020. Even though all but six of our global cinemas are open as of March 31, 2021, the effects of COVID-19 continue to cause reduced and/or delayed revenues and earnings due to (i) the major studios postponing or removing their “tentpole” movies from the release schedule, (ii) reduced attendance due to social distancing requirements, potential audience hesitance to engage socially with third parties and/or a lack of compelling movies scheduled at reopened theaters, and (iii) increased operating costs due to COVID-19 safety protocols. There remains a continuing risk that new closures may occur due to future local outbreaks of COVID-19. Due to these factors, even though we are encouraged by the return of patrons to our theaters and the movie releases expected in the coming months, we cannot provide any assurances as to the nature or pace of a return to prior operating levels.

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With regards to our real estate operations, while all our New Zealand and Australian real estate tenants are currently trading (other than certain tenants who have closed for reasons unrelated to COVID-19), our real estate revenue and earnings may continue to be affected by any rent relief that we may deem necessary to provide to certain tenants experiencing continuing impacts from COVID-19.

Cost reduction activities

As of March 31, 2021, our Company had reduced our negative working capital to $13.0 million from a negative working capital of $64.1 million at December 31, 2020. Our Company continues to follow the proactive steps first enacted during 2020 to conserve cash, while continuing to negotiate with our third-party landlords and other vendors for further abatements and/or deferrals of occupancy costs and other expenses.

Cash generation activities and debt management

During the first quarter of 2021, and extending into the second quarter, we have taken significant steps to generate additional cash. As detailed at Note 6 – Real Estate Transactions, we monetized our non-income generating land at Manukau, New Zealand and Coachella, California, in the first quarter of 2021. These sales produced net cash inflows of $60.0 million, net of transfers to our 50% partner with respect to the sale of Coachella.

As detailed at Note 11 – Borrowings, on March 26, 2021 we used a portion of the proceeds from the monetization of our Manukau property to retire the $40.6 million construction loan secured by our 44 Union Square property, and on May 7, 2021 refinanced this property resulting in a $43.0 million cash inflow before fees. At the present time, we have no secured debt maturing prior to the end of the first quarter of 2022. Also o n May 7, 2021, we repaid $11.2 million (NZ$16.0 million) of our $22.4 million (NZ$32.0 million) Westpac debt, which permanently reduced this facility by the same amount.

We are currently in exclusive negotiations with a qualified buyer to sell our Auburn / Redyard property. On May 14, 2021, we entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement with respect to our Royal George Theatre property. While no assurances can be given, we anticipate that both transactions will close during the second quarter of 2021.

Going Concern

Management continues to evaluate the assertion required by ASC 205-40 Going Concern as it relates to our Company, including its operations in its various individual operating jurisdictions: U.S., Australia and New Zealand. Management’s evaluation is informed by current liquidity positions, cash flow estimates, known capital and other expenditure requirements and commitments and Management’s current business plan and strategies. Our Company’s business plan - two businesses (real estate and cinema) in three countries (Australia, New Zealand and the U.S.) - has served us well since the onset of COVID-19 and is key to Management’s overall evaluation of ASC 205-40 Going Concern.

The above discussed factors, including principally, but not limited to, the temporary closure of our cinemas, materially reduced cinema attendances and as a result materially reduced cinema revenues and cash flows mean that, absent Management plans, the Company’s liquidity is insufficient to meet its obligations as they fall due, without the monetization of additional real estate assets in accordance with Management’s plan for the second and third quarters of this year. As a result, there is substantial doubt that the Company will be able to continue as a going concern for at least twelve months following the issuance of our financial statements; however, it is probable that Management’s plans described herein will alleviate that substantial doubt.

Management’s forecasts and cash flow estimates are based on the current expectation that the global cinema industry will continue to recover in 2021. We are seeing substantial evidence of recovery, and at the current time 56 of our 61 cinemas worldwide are open for business. However, this forecast relies upon, among other things, the resumption of release of “tentpole” movies, and confidence of moviegoers in the safety protocols established in the jurisdictions in which we operate. Neither of these factors is within Management’s control, but are, nevertheless, material, individually and in the aggregate, to the realization of Management’s forecasts and expectations throughout the period of COVID-19. Management recognizes that in times of domestic or global economic turmoil, including COVID-19, our estimates and judgments with respect to these cash flow estimates are subject to greater uncertainty than in more stable periods. The forecasts are inherently uncertain and have required us to make estimates and judgements regarding the extent to which COVID-19 will continue to affect the cinema industry.

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In order to alleviate any substantial doubt that our Company will be able to generate sufficient cash flows within the twelve month period after the issuance of these financial statements to meet its obligations as they become due, we continue to work to monetize certain assets within our real estate portfolio. We are currently in exclusive negotiations with a qualified buyer to sell our Auburn / Redyard property in the second quarter of 2021. On May 14, 2021, we entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement with a qualified buyer for our Royal George Theatre property likewise looking to close in the second quarter of 2021. Real Estate development and monetization is a core component of our Company’s real estate business. We note the significant progress made regarding this objective since the properties went to market and, although no assurances can be given, based on current facts and circumstances and the interest received in these properties to date, Management is confident that these real estate sales will be completed during the second quarter of 2021, on satisfactory terms. The sale of these assets in conjunction with the re-leveraging of our 44 Union Square asset, as discussed above, is expected to generate the cash flow required to alleviate the substantial doubt around going concern.

In conclusion, as of the date of issuance of these financial statements, based on Management’s evaluation of ASC 205-40 Going Concern and the current conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, and Management’s various plans for enhancing its liquidity and the extent to which those plans are progressing, Management concludes that the plans are probable of being implemented and probable that they alleviate the substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

Impairment Considerations

Our Company considers that the events and factors described above constitute impairment indicators under ASC 360 Property, Plant and Equipment. As at December 31, 2020, our Company performed a quantitative recoverability test of the carrying values of all its asset groups. Our Company estimated the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of these asset groups and recorded an impairment charge of $217,000. As noted above, the financial performance of our cinemas has been improving at a rate better than which was expected during the December 31, 2020 impairment process. This improved performance at asset group level, and the impacts of this performance on our impairment modelling, mean that no impairment charges were recognized for the three months to March 31, 2021. Actual performance against our forecasts is dependent on several variables and conditions, many of which are subject to the uncertainties associated with COVID-19 and as a result, actual results may materially differ from Management’s estimates.

Our Company also considers that the events and factors described above constitute impairment indicators under ASC 350 Intangibles – Goodwill and Other. Our Company performed a quantitative goodwill impairment test and determined that its goodwill was not impaired as of December 31, 2020. The test was performed at a reporting unit level by comparing each reporting unit’s carrying value, including goodwill, to its fair value. The fair value of each reporting unit was assessed using a discounted cash flow model based on the budgetary revisions performed by Management in response to COVID-19 and the developing market conditions. Given the improvements in trading conditions in Q1 2021, no impairment of goodwill has been recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Actual performance against our forecasts is dependent on several variables and conditions, many of which are subject to the uncertainties associated with COVID-19 and as a result, actual results may materially differ from Management’s estimates.

Note 4 – Operations in Foreign Currency

We have significant assets in Australia and New Zealand. Historically, we have conducted our Australian and New Zealand operations (collectively “foreign operations”) on a self-funding basis, where we use cash flows generated by our foreign operations to pay for the expenses of those foreign operations. Our Australian and New Zealand assets and liabilities are translated from their functional currencies of Australian dollar (“AU$”) and New Zealand dollar (“NZ$”), respectively, to the U.S. dollar based on the exchange rate as of March 31, 2021. The carrying value of the assets and liabilities of our foreign operations fluctuates as a result of changes in the exchange rates between the functional currencies of the foreign operations and the U.S. dollar. The translation adjustments are accumulated in the Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Due to the natural-hedge nature of our funding policy, we have not historically used derivative financial instruments to hedge against the risk of foreign currency exposure. However, in certain circumstances, we move funds between jurisdictions where circumstances encouraged us to do so from an overall economic standpoint. We intend to take a more global view of our financial resources, and to be more flexible in making use of resources from one jurisdiction in other jurisdictions.

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Presented in the table below are the currency exchange rates for Australia and New Zealand:

| Foreign Currency / USD
| As of and ‎for the ‎quarter ‎ended |  | As of and ‎for the ‎twelve months ‎ended |  | As of and ‎for the ‎quarter ‎ended |
| March 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 |  | March 31, 2020
Spot Rate |  |  |  |  |  |
Australian Dollar | 0.7613 | 0.7709 |  | 0.6139
New Zealand Dollar | 0.6989 | 0.7194 |  | 0.5959
Average Rate |  |  |  |  |  |
Australian Dollar | 0.7730 |  | 0.6904 |  | 0.6578 |
New Zealand Dollar | 0.7194 |  | 0.6504 |  | 0.6349 |

Note 5 – Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing the net income attributable to our Company’s common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing the net income attributable to our Company’s common stockholders by the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period and is calculated using the treasury stock method for equity-based compensation awards.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS and a reconciliation of the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding:

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | March 31,
(Dollars in thousands, except share data) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) attributable to RDI common stockholders |  | $ | 18,965 |  | $ | (5,875)
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average number of common stock – basic |  |  | 21,761,307 |  |  | 21,752,371
Weighted average dilutive impact of awards |  |  | 408,961 |  |  | 367,250
Weighted average number of common stock – diluted |  |  | 22,170,268 |  |  | 22,119,621
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to RDI common stockholders |  | $ | 0.87 |  | $ | (0.27)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to RDI common stockholders |  | $ | 0.86 |  | $ | (0.27)
Awards excluded from diluted earnings (loss) per share |  |  | 514,341 |  |  | 678,377

Our weighted average number of common stock - basic increased, primarily as a result of the vesting of restricted stock units. During the first three months of 2021, we did no t repurchase any shares of Class A Common Stock.

Certain shares issuable under stock options and restricted stock units were excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share in periods when their effect was anti-dilutive; either because our Company incurred a net loss for the period, or the exercise price of the options was greater than the average market price of the common stock during the period, or the effect was anti-dilutive as a result of applying the treasury stock method.

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Note 6 – Property and Equipment

Operating Property, net

As of March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, property associated with our operating activities is summarized as follows:

|  | March 31, |  | December 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Land |  | $ | 71,008 |  | $ | 82,286
Building and improvements |  |  | 222,998 |  |  | 253,419
Leasehold improvements |  |  | 58,741 |  |  | 59,054
Fixtures and equipment |  |  | 194,405 |  |  | 201,518
Construction-in-progress |  |  | 9,116 |  |  | 9,285
Total cost |  |  | 556,268 |  |  | 605,562
Less: accumulated depreciation |  |  | (239,115) |  |  | (252,437)
Operating property, net |  | $ | 317,153 |  | $ | 353,125

Depreciation expense for operating property was $5.5 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 and $5.2 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2020.

Investment and Development Property, net

As of March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, our investment and development property is summarized below:

|  | March 31, |  | December 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Land |  | $ | 4,249 |  | $ | 5,936
Construction-in-progress (including capitalized interest) |  |  | 5,479 |  |  | 5,634
Investment and development property |  | $ | 9,728 |  | $ | 11,570

Construction-in-Progress – Operating and Investing Properties

Construction-in-Progress balances are included in both our operating and development properties. The balances of our major projects along with the movements for the three months ended March 31, 2021 are shown below:

(Dollars in thousands) |  | Balance, ‎December 31, ‎2020 |  | Additions during the period(1) |  | Completed ‎during the ‎period |  | Transferred to Held for Sale |  | Foreign ‎currency ‎translation |  | Balance, ‎March 31, ‎2021
Courtenay Central development |  |  | 7,255 |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (207) |  |  | 7,052
Cinema developments and improvements |  |  | 6,357 |  |  | 1,471 |  |  | (892) |  |  | — |  |  | (22) |  |  | 6,914
Other real estate projects |  |  | 1,307 |  |  | 432 |  |  | (988) |  |  | (121) |  |  | (1) |  |  | 629
Total |  | $ | 14,919 |  | $ | 1,907 |  | $ | (1,880) |  | $ | (121) |  | $ | (230) |  | $ | 14,595

(1)No interest was capitalized for the quarter ended March 31, 2021

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Real Estate Transactions - Sales

Across the fourth quarter of 2020 and the first quarter of 2021, we have classified, and in some instances sold, certain assets as held for sale disposal groups. A ‘disposal group’ represents assets to be disposed of in a single transaction. A disposal group may represent a single asset, or multiple assets.

Coachella, California

At March 31, 2021, we were the managing member and 50% owner of Shadow View Land and Farming LLC, which up until March 5, 2021 was the owner of approximately 202 acres of undeveloped land in Coachella, California. The land has now been sold.

In December 2020, we classified the non-income producing land at Coachella as held for sale as part of our strategy to monetize certain real estate assets in order to provide the necessary cash to support our Company during the period affected by COVID-19. This disposal group, which consists of land and certain improvements to that land, was transferred to Land and Property Held for Sale at its book value of $4.4 million, being the lower of cost and fair value less costs to sell. No adjustments to the book value of this asset were required. The sale of this land was completed on March 5, 2021 for $11.0 million. As a 50% member in Shadow View Land and Farming LLC, our Company received the benefit of 50% of the sale proceeds, which have been distributed. These actions were approved by our Audit and Conflicts Committee.

The gain on sale of this property is calculated as follows:

|  | March 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021
Sales price |  | $ | 11,000
Net book value |  |  | (4,351)
Gain on sale, gross of direct costs |  |  | 6,649
Direct costs incurred |  |  | (301)
Gain on sale, net of direct costs |  | $ | 6,348

Manukau, New Zealand

In December 2020, we classified our non-income producing land at Manukau, New Zealand, as held for sale as part of our strategy to monetize real estate certain assets in order provide the necessary cash to support our Company during the period affected by COVID-19. This disposal group, which consists of land and certain improvements to that land, was transferred to Land Held for Sale at its book value of $13.5 million, being the lower of cost and fair value less costs to sell. No adjustments to the book value of this asset were required. The sale of this land was completed on March 4, 2021, for $56.1 million (NZ$77.2 million), of which NZ$1.0 million was received on February 23, 2021 and the balance of funds was received on March 4, 2021.

The gain on sale of this property is calculated as follows:

|  | March 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021
Sales price |  | $ | 56,058
Net book value |  |  | (13,483)
Gain on sale, gross of direct costs |  |  | 42,575
Direct costs incurred |  |  | (1,513)
Gain on sale, net of direct costs |  | $ | 41,062

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Real Estate Asset Groups Held for Sale

Auburn / Redyard, New South Wales

In January 2021, we classified our Auburn / Redyard Entertainment Themed Center (“ETC”) as held for sale as part of our strategy to monetize certain real estate assets in order to provide the necessary cash to support our Company during the period affected by COVID-19. This disposal group, which consists of land, the ETC building and related property, plant and equipment, was transferred to Land and Property Held for Sale at its book value of AU$37.7 million (US$28.7 million), being the lower of cost and fair value less costs to sell. No adjustments to the book value of the assets contained within this disposal group were required. We are currently in exclusive negotiations with a qualified buyer to sell this property and we anticipate closing during the second quarter of 2021.

Royal George Theatre, Chicago

In February 2021, we classified our Royal George Theatre as held for sale as part of our strategy to monetize certain real estate assets in order to provide the necessary cash to support our Company during the period affected by COVID-19. This disposal group, which consists of the Royal George Theatre building and the associated property, plant and equipment, was transferred to Land and Property Held for Sale at its book value of $1.8 million, being the lower of cost and fair value less costs to sell. No adjustments to the book value of the assets contained within this disposal group were required. On May 14, 2021, we entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement with a qualified buyer. The sale of the Royal George Theatre is expected to be completed during the second quarter of 2021.

Real Estate Transactions - Acquisitions

Exercise of Option to Acquire Ground Lessee’s Interest in Ground Lease and Improvements Constituting the Village East Cinema

On August 28, 2019, we exercised our option to acquire the ground lessee’s interest in the 13-year ground lease underlying and the real property assets constituting our Village East Cinema in Manhattan. The purchase price under the option was $5.9 million. It was initially agreed that the transaction would close on or about May 31, 2021. On March 29, 2021, we extended the closing date which has now been deferred to January 1, 2023.

Note 7 – Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

Our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures are accounted for under the equity method of accounting.

The table below summarizes our active investment holdings in two (2) unconsolidated joint ventures as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

|  |  |  | March 31, |  | December 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Interest |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Rialto Cinemas |  | 50.0% |  | $ | 984 |  | $ | 1,065
Mt. Gravatt |  | 33.3% |  |  | 3,912 |  |  | 3,960
Total investments |  |  |  | $ | 4,896 |  | $ | 5,025

For the quarter ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the recognized share of equity earnings from our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures are as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | March 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Rialto Cinemas |  | $ | (51) |  | $ | (14)
Mt. Gravatt |  |  | 1 |  |  | 92
Total equity earnings |  | $ | (50) |  | $ | 78

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Note 8 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The table below summarizes goodwill by business segment as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

(Dollars in thousands) |  | Cinema |  | Real Estate |  | Total
Balance at December 31, 2020 |  | $ | 22,892 |  | $ | 5,224 |  | $ | 28,116
Foreign currency translation adjustment |  |  | (667) |  |  | — |  |  | (667)
Balance at March 31, 2021 |  | $ | 22,225 |  | $ | 5,224 |  | $ | 27,449

Our Company is required to test goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis and, if current events or circumstances require, on an interim basis. Our next annual evaluation of goodwill and other intangible assets is scheduled during the fourth quarter of 2021. To test the impairment of goodwill, our Company compares the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying amount, including the goodwill, to determine if there is potential goodwill impairment. A reporting unit is generally one level below the operating segment. As of March 31, 2021, we were not aware that any events indicating potential impairment of goodwill had occurred outside of those described at Note 3 – Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and Liquidity.

The tables below summarize intangible assets other than goodwill, as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

|  | As of March 31, 2021
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Beneficial ‎Leases |  | Trade ‎Name |  | Other ‎Intangible ‎Assets |  | Total
Gross carrying amount |  | $ | 12,426 |  | $ | 9,058 |  | $ | 5,027 |  | $ | 26,511
Less: Accumulated amortization |  |  | (10,393) |  |  | (7,448) |  |  | (4,656) |  |  | (22,497)
Less: Impairments |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (17) |  |  | (17)
Net intangible assets other than goodwill |  | $ | 2,033 |  | $ | 1,610 |  | $ | 354 |  | $ | 3,997

|  | As of December 31, 2020
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Beneficial ‎Leases |  | Trade ‎Name |  | Other ‎Intangible ‎Assets |  | Total
Gross carrying amount |  | $ | 12,451 |  | $ | 9,058 |  | $ | 4,764 |  | $ | 26,273
Less: Accumulated amortization |  |  | (10,375) |  |  | (7,377) |  |  | (4,533) |  |  | (22,285)
Less: Impairments |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (17) |  |  | (17)
Net intangible assets other than goodwill |  | $ | 2,076 |  | $ | 1,681 |  | $ | 214 |  | $ | 3,971

Beneficial leases obtained in business combinations where we are the landlord are amortized over the life of the relevant leases. Trade names are amortized based on the accelerated amortization method over their estimated useful life of 30 years, and other intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives of up to 30 years (except for transferrable liquor licenses, which are indefinite-lived assets). The table below summarizes the amortization expense of intangible assets for the quarter ended March 31, 2021

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | March 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Beneficial lease amortization |  | $ | 29 |  | $ | 25
Other amortization |  |  | 166 |  |  | 76
Total intangible assets amortization |  | $ | 195 |  | $ | 101

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Note 9 – Prepaid and Other Assets

Prepaid and other assets are summarized as follows:

|  | March 31, |  | December 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Prepaid and other current assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid expenses |  | $ | 1,945 |  | $ | 1,946
Prepaid rent |  |  | 88 |  |  | 162
Prepaid taxes |  |  | 816 |  |  | 455
Income taxes receivable |  |  | 2,016 |  |  | 5,572
Deposits |  |  | 245 |  |  | 245
Investment in marketable securities |  |  | 25 |  |  | 26
Restricted cash |  |  | 7 |  |  | 8
Total prepaid and other current assets |  | $ | 5,142 |  | $ | 8,414
Other non-current assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Straight-line rent asset |  |  | 5,920 |  |  | 6,050
Other non-cinema and non-rental real estate assets |  |  | 1,134 |  |  | 1,134
Investment in Reading International Trust I |  |  | 838 |  |  | 838
Long-term deposits |  |  | 12 |  |  | 8
Total other non-current assets |  | $ | 7,904 |  | $ | 8,030

Note 10 – Income Taxes

The U.S. Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“The CARES Act”) was enacted on March 27, 2020 to provide, among other things, tax relief to companies impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act includes, among other items, provisions for net operating loss carryback, modifications to the business interest expense deduction, a technical correction to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property, and alternative minimum tax credit refunds. During the quarter ended March 31, 2020, we recorded a tax benefit arising from the carryback of the net operating loss generated in the taxable year ended December 31, 2019.

The interim provision for income taxes is different from the amount determined by applying the U.S. federal statutory rate to consolidated income or loss before taxes. The differences are attributable to foreign tax rate differentials, unrecognized tax benefits, and foreign tax credits. Our effective tax rate was 25.9% and 33.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The change between 2021 and 2020 is primarily related to a decrease in valuation allowance in 2021. The forecasted effective tax rate is updated each quarter as new information becomes available.

Note 11 – Borrowings

Our Company’s borrowings at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, net of deferred financing costs and including the impact of interest rate derivatives on effective interest rates, are summarized below:

|  | As of March 31, 2021
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Maturity Date |  | Contractual ‎Facility |  | Balance, ‎Gross |  | Balance, ‎Net(1) |  | Stated ‎Interest Rate |  | Effective ‎Interest ‎Rate
Denominated in USD |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trust Preferred Securities (USA) |  | April 30, 2027 |  | $ | 27,913 |  | $ | 27,913 |  | $ | 26,561 |  | 4.21% |  | 4.21%
Bank of America Credit Facility (USA) |  | March 6, 2023 |  |  | 55,000 |  |  | 49,900 |  |  | 49,690 |  | 4.00% |  | 4.00%
Bank of America Line of Credit (USA) |  | March 6, 2023 |  |  | 5,000 |  |  | 5,000 |  |  | 5,000 |  | 3.11% |  | 3.11%
Cinemas 1, 2, 3 Term Loan (USA) |  | April 1, 2022 |  |  | 24,477 |  |  | 24,477 |  |  | 24,106 |  | 4.25% |  | 4.25%
Minetta & Orpheum Theatres Loan (USA)(2) |  | November 1, 2023 |  |  | 8,000 |  |  | 8,000 |  |  | 7,922 |  | 2.17% |  | 5.15%
U.S. Corporate Office Term Loan (USA) |  | January 1, 2027 |  |  | 9,124 |  |  | 9,124 |  |  | 9,037 |  | 4.64% / 4.44% |  | 4.61%
Purchase Money Promissory Note (USA) |  | September 18, 2024 |  |  | 2,553 |  |  | 2,553 |  |  | 2,553 |  | 5.00% |  | 5.00%
Denominated in foreign currency ("FC") (3) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
NAB Corporate Term Loan (AU) |  | December 31, 2023 |  |  | 93,640 |  |  | 93,640 |  |  | 93,454 |  | 1.81% |  | 1.81%
Westpac Bank Corporate (NZ) |  | December 31, 2023 |  |  | 22,365 |  |  | 22,365 |  |  | 22,365 |  | 2.95% |  | 2.95%
|  |  |  | $ | 248,072 |  | $ | 242,972 |  | $ | 240,688 |  |  |  |

(1)Net of deferred financing costs amounting to $2.3 million.

(2)The interest rate derivative associated with the Minetta & Orpheum loan provides for an effective fixed rate of 5.15%.

(3)The contractual facilities and outstanding balances of the foreign currency denominated borrowings were translated into U.S. dollars based on the applicable exchange rates as of March 31, 2021.

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|  | As of December 31, 2020
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Maturity Date |  | Contractual ‎Facility |  | Balance, ‎Gross |  | Balance, Net(1) |  | Stated ‎Interest ‎Rate |  | Effective Interest Rate
Denominated in USD |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trust Preferred Securities (USA) |  | April 30, 2027 |  | $ | 27,913 |  | $ | 27,913 |  | $ | 26,505 |  | 4.27% |  | 4.27%
Bank of America Credit Facility (USA) |  | March 6, 2023 |  |  | 55,000 |  |  | 51,200 |  |  | 50,990 |  | 4.00% |  | 4.00%
Bank of America Line of Credit (USA) |  | March 6, 2023 |  |  | 5,000 |  |  | 5,000 |  |  | 5,000 |  | 3.15% |  | 3.15%
Cinemas 1, 2, 3 Term Loan (USA) |  | April 1, 2022 |  |  | 24,625 |  |  | 24,625 |  |  | 24,248 |  | 4.25% |  | 4.25%
Minetta & Orpheum Theatres Loan (USA)(2) |  | November 1, 2023 |  |  | 8,000 |  |  | 8,000 |  |  | 7,914 |  | 2.20% |  | 5.15%
U.S. Corporate Office Term Loan (USA) |  | January 1, 2027 |  |  | 9,186 |  |  | 9,186 |  |  | 9,095 |  | 4.64% / 4.44% |  | 4.64%
Union Square Construction Financing (USA) |  | March 31, 2021 |  |  | 50,000 |  |  | 40,623 |  |  | 40,620 |  | 17.50% |  | 17.50%
Purchase Money Promissory Note |  | September 18, 2024 |  |  | 2,883 |  |  | 2,883 |  |  | 2,883 |  | 5.00% |  | 5.00%
Denominated in foreign currency ("FC")(3) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
NAB Corporate Term Loan (AU) |  | December 31, 2023 |  |  | 94,821 |  |  | 92,508 |  |  | 92,307 |  | 1.81% |  | 1.81%
Westpac Bank Corporate (NZ) |  | December 31, 2023 |  |  | 23,021 |  |  | 23,021 |  |  | 23,021 |  | 2.95% |  | 2.95%
Total |  |  |  | $ | 300,449 |  | $ | 284,959 |  | $ | 282,583 |  |  |  |

(1)Net of deferred financing costs amounting to $2.4 million.

(2)The interest rate derivative associated with the Minetta & Orpheum loan provides for an effective fixed rate of 5.15%.

(3)The contractual facilities and outstanding balances of the foreign currency denominated borrowings were translated into U.S. dollars based on the applicable exchange rates as of December 31, 2020.

Our loan arrangements are presented, net of the deferred financing costs, on the face of our consolidated balance sheet as follows:

|  | March 31, |  | December 31,
Balance Sheet Caption |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Debt - current portion |  | $ | 1,606 |  | $ | 41,459
Debt - long-term portion |  |  | 211,836 |  |  | 213,779
Subordinated debt - current portion |  |  | 685 |  |  | 840
Subordinated debt - long-term portion |  |  | 26,561 |  |  | 26,505
Total borrowings |  | $ | 240,688 |  | $ | 282,583

Impact of COVID-19

To address the impact of COVID-19 on our business, we sought and obtained certain modifications to our loan agreements with the Bank of America, National Australia Bank, and Westpac. These loan modifications included changes to some of the covenant compliance terms and waivers of certain covenant testing periods. We are currently in compliance with our loan covenants as so modified. To date it has not been necessary for us to seek modifications or waivers with respect to our other loan agreements, as we continue to be in compliance with the terms of such loan agreements without the need for any such modifications or waivers.

Bank of America Credit Facility

On March 6, 2020, we amended our $55.0 million credit facility with Bank of America extending the maturity date to March 6, 2023. The refinanced facility carries an interest rate of 2.5% - 3.0%, depending on certain financial ratios plus a variable rate based on the loan defined “Eurodollar” interest rate.

On August 7, 2020, we modified certain financial covenants within this credit facility and temporarily suspended the testing of certain other covenant tests through the measurement period ending September 30, 2021. The testing of the financial covenant resumes for the measurement period ending December 31, 2021. In addition to the covenant modifications, the interest rate on borrowings under this facility was fixed at 3.0% above the “Eurodollar” rate, which itself now has a floor of 1.0%. Such a modification was not considered to be substantial under U.S. GAAP.

Bank of America Line of Credit

On March 6, 2020, the term of our $5.0 million line of credit was extended to March 6, 2023. On August 7, 2020 we modified the interest rate on this line of credit, wherein the LIBOR portion of the rate now has a floor of 1.0%.

Minetta and Orpheum Theatres Loan

On October 12, 2018, we refinanced our $7.5 million loan with Santander Bank, which is secured by our Minetta and Orpheum Theatres, with a loan for a five year term of $8.0 million. Such modification was not considered to be substantial under U.S. GAAP.

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U.S. Corporate Office Term Loan

On December 13, 2016, we obtained a ten year $8.4 million mortgage loan on our Culver City Corporate Headquarters at a fixed annual interest rate of 4.64%. This loan provided for a second loan upon completion of certain improvements. On June 26, 2017, we obtained a further $1.5 million under this provision at a fixed annual interest rate of 4.44%.

Cinemas 1,2,3 Term Loan

On March 13, 2020, Sutton Hill Properties LLC (“SHP”), a 75% subsidiary of RDI, refinanced its $20.0 million term loan with Valley National Bank with a new term loan of $25.0 million, an interest rate of 4.25%, and maturity date of April 1, 2022 with two six month options to extend.

Union Square Construction Financing

On December 29, 2016, we closed our construction finance facilities totaling $57.5 million to fund the non-equity portion of the anticipated construction costs of the redevelopment of our property at 44 Union Square in New York City. The facilities consisted of a first mortgage component of $50.0 million and a mezzanine component of $7.5 million. On August 8, 2019, we repaid the $7.5 million mezzanine loan. On January 24, 2020, we exercised the first of our two one year extension options on the first mortgage loan, taking the maturity to December 29, 2020. On December 29, 2020, we further extended the maturity of this loan to March 31, 2021, at an interest rate of 17.5%. On March 26, 2021, we repaid this first mortgage loan using internally generated funds. As of March 31, 2021, 44 Union Square is unencumbered by debt financing. On May 7, 2021, we closed on a new three year $55.0 million loan facility with Emerald Creek Capital. The facility bears a variable interest rate of one month LIBOR plus 6.9% with a floor of 7.0%, and has two 12-month options to extend, but may be repaid at any time, subject to notice and a minimum interest payment equal to the positive difference between interest paid on the loan through the pre-payment date and one year’s interest. In effect, the loan may be repaid after 12 months without the payment of any premium.

Purchase Money Promissory Note

On September 18, 2019, we purchased for $5.5 million 407,000 Company Class A Common Stock in a privately negotiated transaction under our Share Repurchase Program. Of this amount, $3.5 million was paid by the issuance of a Purchase Money Promissory Note, which bears an interest rate of 5.0% per annum, payable in equal quarterly payments of principal plus accrued interest. The Purchase Money Promissory Note matures on September 18, 2024.

Westpac Bank Corporate Credit Facility (NZ)

On December 20, 2018, we restructured our Westpac Corporate Credit Facilities. The maturity of the 1 st tranche (general/non-construction credit line) was extended to December 31, 2023, with the available facility being reduced from NZ$35.0 million to NZ$32.0 million. The facility bears an interest rate of 1.75% above the Bank Bill Bid Rate on the drawn down balance and a 1.1% line of credit charge on the entire facility. The 2 nd tranche (construction line) with a facility of NZ$18.0 million was removed.

On June 29, 2020, Westpac pushed out the June 30, 2020 covenant testing date to July 31, 2020. On July 27, 2020, Westpac waived the requirement to test certain covenants as of July 31, 2020. This agreement also increased the interest rate and line of credit charge to 2.40% above the Bank Bill Bid Rate and 1.65% respectively. The maturity date was extended to January 1, 2024. Such modifications of this facility were not considered to be substantial under U.S. GAAP. On September 15, 2020, Westpac waived the requirement to test certain covenants as of September 30, 2020. On December 8, 2020, Westpac waived the requirement to test certain covenants as of December 31, 2020. On April 29, 2021, Westpac waived the requirement to test certain covenants as of March 31, 2021. On May 7, 2021, we repaid $11.2 million (NZ$16.0 million) of this debt, in a permanent reduction of this facility.

Australian NAB Corporate Term Loan (AU)

On March 15, 2019, we amended our Revolving Corporate Markets Loan Facility with National Australia Bank (“NAB”) from a facility comprised of (i) a AU$66.5 million loan facility with an interest rate of 0.95% above the Bank Bill Swap Bid Rate (“BBSY”) and a maturity date of June 30, 2019 and (ii) a bank guarantee of AU$5.0 million at a rate of 1.90% per annum into a (i) AU$120.0 million Corporate Loan facility at rates of 0.85%-1.30% above BBSY depending on certain ratios with a due date of December 31, 2023, of which AU$80.0 million is revolving and AU$40.0 million is core and (ii) a Bank Guarantee Facility of AU$5.0 million at a rate of 1.85% per annum. Such modifications of this particular term loan were not considered to be substantial under U.S. GAAP.

On August 6, 2020, we modified certain covenants within this Revolving Corporate Markets Loan Facility. These modifications apply until the quarter ended September 30, 2021. In addition, for the period in which these covenant modifications apply, the interest rate on amounts borrowed under the facility is 1.75%. Such a modification was not considered to be substantial under U.S. GAAP.

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On December 29, 2020, we modified the core portion of our Revolving Corporate Markets Loan Facility, increasing it to AU$43.0 million. The AU$3.0 million increase was provided to fund the completion of our recently opened cinema at Jindalee, Queensland, and is repayable in installments by October 31, 2023. This amendment increases the Facility Limit to AU$123.0 million, which will be reduced back to AU $120.0 million as the Jindalee funding is repaid.

Note 12 – Other Liabilities

Other liabilities are summarized as follows:

|  | March 31, |  | December 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |
Liability for demolition costs |  |  | 2,844 |  |  | 2,928
Accrued pension |  |  | 684 |  |  | 684
Security deposit payable |  |  | 132 |  |  | 132
Finance lease liabilities |  |  | 49 |  |  | 49
Other |  |  | 33 |  |  | 33
Other current liabilities |  | $ | 3,742 |  | $ | 3,826
Other liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |
Lease make-good provision |  |  | 7,416 |  |  | 7,408
Accrued pension |  |  | 3,940 |  |  | 4,048
Deferred rent liability |  |  | 2,827 |  |  | 2,897
Environmental reserve |  |  | 1,656 |  |  | 1,656
Lease liability |  |  | 5,900 |  |  | 5,900
Acquired leases |  |  | 29 |  |  | 31
Finance lease liabilities |  |  | 56 |  |  | 69
Other |  |  | — |  |  | 8
Other non-current liabilities |  | $ | 21,824 |  | $ | 22,017

Pension Liability – Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan

On August 29, 2014, the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”) that has been effective since March 1, 2007, was ended and replaced in accordance with the terms of a pension annuity. As a result of the termination of the SERP program, the accrued pension liability of $7.6 million was reversed and replaced with this pension annuity liability of $7.5 million. The valuation of the liability is based on the present value of $10.2 million discounted at a rate of 4.25% over a 15-year term, resulting in a monthly payment of $57,000. The discounted value of $2.7 million (which is the difference between the estimated payout of $10.2 million and the present value of $7.5 million) as of August 29, 2014 will be amortized and expensed based on the 15-year term. In addition, the accumulated actuarial loss of $3.1 million recorded, as part of other comprehensive income will also be amortized based on the 15-year term.

In February 2018, we made a payment of $2.4 million relating to the annuity representing payments for the 42 months outstanding at the time. Monthly ongoing payments of $57,000 are now being made.

As a result of the above, included in our current and non-current liabilities are accrued pension costs of $4.6 million at March 31, 2021. The benefits of our pension plan are fully vested and therefore no service costs were recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. Our pension plan is unfunded.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the interest cost was $62,000 and the actuarial loss was $52,000. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the interest cost was $68,000 and the actuarial loss was $52,000.

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Note 13 – Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The following table summarizes the changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive income attributable to RDI:

(Dollars in thousands) | Foreign ‎Currency ‎Items |  | Unrealized ‎Gain (Losses) ‎on Available- ‎for-Sale ‎Investments |  | Accrued ‎Pension ‎Service Costs |  | Hedge ‎Accounting ‎Reserve |  | Total
Balance at January 1, 2021 | $ | 14,966 |  | $ | (12) |  | $ | (2,135) |  | $ | (317) |  | $ | 12,502
Change related to derivatives |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total change in hedge fair value recorded in Other Comprehensive Income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 60 |  |  | 60
Net change related to derivatives |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 61 |  |  | 61
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) |  | (2,657) |  |  | (1) |  |  | 52 |  |  | 61 |  |  | (2,545)
Balance at March 31, 2021 | $ | 12,309 |  | $ | (13) |  | $ | (2,083) |  | $ | (256) |  | $ | 9,957

Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation General

Insofar as our Company is aware, there are no claims, arbitration proceedings, or litigation proceedings that constitute material contingent liabilities of our Company. Such matters require significant judgments based on the facts known to us. These judgments are inherently uncertain and can change significantly when additional facts become known. We provide accruals for matters that have probable likelihood of occurrence and can be properly estimated as to their expected negative outcome. We do not record expected gains until the proceeds are received by us. However, we typically make no accruals for potential costs of defense, as such amounts are inherently uncertain and dependent upon the scope, extent and aggressiveness of the activities of the applicable plaintiff.

Discussed below are certain litigation matters which, however, have been significant to our Company.

Litigation Matters

We are currently involved in certain legal proceedings and, as required, have accrued estimates of probable and estimable losses for the resolution of these claims, including legal costs.

Where we are the plaintiffs, we accrue legal fees as incurred on an on-going basis and make no provision for any potential settlement amounts until received. In Australia, the prevailing party is usually entitled to recover its attorneys’ fees, which recoveries typically work out to be approximately 60% of the amounts actually spent where first-class legal counsel is engaged at customary rates. Where we are a plaintiff, we have likewise made no provision for the liability for the defendant’s attorneys’ fees in the event we are determined not to be the prevailing party.

Where we are the defendants, we accrue for probable damages that insurance may not cover as they become known and can be reasonably estimated, as permitted under ASC 450-20 Loss Contingencies. In our opinion, any claims and litigation in which we are currently involved are not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial position, or liquidity. I t is possible, however, that future results of the operations for any particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected by the ultimate outcome of the legal proceedings. From time to time, we are involved with claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of our business that may include contractual obligations, insurance claims, tax claims, employment matters, and anti-trust issues, among other matters.

Environmental and Asbestos Claims on Reading Legacy Operations

Certain of our subsidiaries were historically involved in railroad operations, coal mining, and manufacturing. Also, certain of these subsidiaries appear in the chain-of-title of properties that may suffer from pollution. Accordingly, certain of these subsidiaries have, from time to time, been named in and may in the future be named in various actions brought under applicable environmental laws. Also, we are in the real estate development business and may encounter from time-to-time environmental conditions at properties that we have acquired for development and which will need to be addressed in the future as part of the development process. These environmental conditions can increase the cost of such projects and adversely affect the value and potential for profit of such projects. We do not currently believe that our exposure under applicable environmental laws is material in amount.

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From time to time, there are claims brought against us relating to the exposure of former employees to asbestos and/or coal dust. These are generally covered by an insurance settlement reached in September 1990 with our insurance providers. However, this insurance settlement does not cover litigation by people who were not employees of our historic railroad operations and who may claim direct or second-hand exposure to asbestos, coal dust and/or other chemicals or elements now recognized as potentially causing cancer in humans. Our known exposure to these types of claims, asserted or probable of being asserted, is not material.

Cotter Jr. Derivative Litigation

This action was originally brought by James J. Cotter, Jr. (“Cotter Jr.”) in June 2015 in the Nevada District Court against all of the Directors of our Company and against our Company as a nominal defendant: James J. Cotter, Jr., individually and derivatively on behalf of Reading International, Inc. vs. Margaret Cotter, et al.” Case No: A-15-719860-V. On October 1, 2020, the Nevada Supreme Court determined that the District Court had erred when it denied the defendants’ motions to dismiss the case for lack of standing on the part of Cotter, Jr., to bring such an action, vacated the District Court’s orders denying the motions to dismiss and remanded for entry of judgment. The Supreme Court sustained the District Court’s award to our Company of costs in the amount of $809,000. Final judgment was entered on October 1, 2020 and the costs award has been paid. This matter is now at an end.

California Employment Litigation

Our Company is currently involved in two California employment matters which include substantially overlapping wage and hour claims: Taylor Brown, individually, and on behalf of other members of the general public similarly situated vs. Reading Cinemas et al. Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Kern, Case No. BCV-19-1000390 (“Brown v. RC,” and the “Brown Class Action Complaint” respectively) and Peter M. Wagner, Jr., an individual, vs. Consolidated Entertainment, Inc. et al., Superior Court of the State of California for the County of San Diego, Case NO. 37-2019-00030695-CU-WT-CTL (“Wagner v. CEI,” and the “Wagner Individual Complaint” respectively). Brown v. RC was initially filed in December 2018, as an individual action and refiled as a putative class action in February 2019, but not served until June 24, 2019. These lawsuits seek damages, and attorneys’ fees, relating to alleged violations of California labor laws relating to meal periods, rest periods, reporting time pay, unpaid wages, timely pay upon termination and wage statements violations. Wagner v. CEI was filed as a discrimination and retaliation lawsuit in June 2019. The following month, in July 2019, a notice was served on us by separate counsel for Mr. Wagner under the California Private Attorney General Act of 2004 (Cal. Labor Code Section 2698, et seq) (the “Wagner PAGA Claim”) purportedly asserting in a representational capacity claims under the PAGA statute, overlapping, in substantial part, the allegations set forth in the Brown Class Action Complaint. On March 6, 2020, Wagner filed a purported class action in the Superior Court of California, County of San Diego, again covering basically the same allegations as set forth in the Brown Class Action Complaint, and titled Peter M. Wagner, an individual, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated vs. Reading International, Inc., Consolidated Entertainment, Inc. and Does 1 through 25, Case No. 37-2020-000127-CU-OE-CTL (the “Wagner Class Action”). Neither plaintiff has specified the amount of damages sought.

Our Company is investigating and intends to vigorously defend the allegations of the Brown Class Action Complaint, the Wagner PAGA Claim and the Wagner Class Action Complaint. In addition, we have denied that a PAGA representative action is appropriate. These matters are in their early stages, and the putative class actions have not been certified. As these cases are in early stages, our Company is unable to predict the outcome of the litigation or the range of potential loss, if any; however, our Company believes that its potential liability with respect to such matters is not material to its overall financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Accordingly, our Company has not established a reserve for loss in connection with these matters. The Wagner Individual Complaint has been settled.

‎

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Note 15 – Non-controlling Interests

These are composed of the following enterprises:

Australia Country Cinemas Pty Ltd. - 25% noncontrolling interest owned by Panorama Group International Pty Ltd.:

Shadow View Land and Farming, LLC - 50% noncontrolling membership interest owned by the estate of Mr. James J. Cotter, Sr. (the “Cotter Estate”); and,

Sutton Hill Properties, LLC - 25% noncontrolling interest owned by Sutton Hill Capital, LLC (which in turn is 50% owned by the Cotter Estate).

The components of noncontrolling interests are as follows:

|  | March 31, |  | December 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Australian Country Cinemas, Pty Ltd |  | $ | 8 |  | $ | (51)
Shadow View Land and Farming, LLC |  |  | (17) |  |  | 2,131
Sutton Hill Properties, LLC |  |  | 1,215 |  |  | 1,324
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries |  | $ | 1,206 |  | $ | 3,404

The components of income attributable to noncontrolling interests are as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | March 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Australian Country Cinemas, Pty Ltd |  | $ | 59 |  | $ | (1)
Shadow View Land and Farming, LLC |  |  | 3,152 |  |  | (21)
Sutton Hill Properties, LLC |  |  | (108) |  |  | (58)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | $ | 3,103 |  | $ | (80)

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Summary of Controlling and Noncontrolling Stockholders’ Equity

A summary of the changes in controlling and noncontrolling stockholders’ equity is as follows:

| Common Shares |  |  | Retained |  |  | Accumulated | Reading |  |  |  |
| Class A | Class A | Class B | Class B | Additional | Earnings |  |  | Other | International Inc. |  |  | Total
| Non-Voting | Par | Voting | Par | Paid-In | (Accumulated | Treasury | Comprehensive | Stockholders’ | Noncontrolling | Stockholders’
(Dollars in thousands, except shares) | Shares | Value | Shares | Value | Capital | Deficit) | Shares | Income (Loss) | Equity | Interests | Equity
At January 1, 2021 | 20,069 | $ | 231 | 1,680 | $ | 17 | $ | 149,979 | $ | (44,553) | $ | (40,407) | $ | 12,502 | $ | 77,769 | $ | 3,404 | $ | 81,173
Net income (loss) | — |  | — | — |  | — |  | — |  | 18,965 |  | — |  | — |  | 18,965 |  | 3,103 |  | 22,068
Other comprehensive income, net | — |  | — | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (2,545) |  | (2,545) |  | — |  | (2,545)
Share-based compensation expense | — |  | — | — |  | — |  | 464 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 464 |  | — |  | 464
Restricted Stock Units | 52 |  | 1 | — |  | — |  | (111) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (110) |  | — |  | (110)
Distributions to noncontrolling stockholders | — |  | — | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (5,300) |  | (5,300)
At March 31, 2021 | 20,121 | $ | 232 | 1,680 | $ | 17 | $ | 150,332 | $ | (25,588) | $ | (40,407) | $ | 9,957 | $ | 94,543 | $ | 1,207 | $ | 95,750

| Common Shares |  |  | Retained |  |  | Accumulated | Reading |  |  |  |
| Class A | Class A | Class B | Class B | Additional | Earnings |  |  | Other | International Inc. |  |  | Total
| Non-Voting | Par | Voting | Par | Paid-In | (Accumulated | Treasury | Comprehensive | Stockholders’ | Noncontrolling | Stockholders’
(Dollars in thousands, except shares) | Shares | Value | Shares | Value | Capital | Deficit) | Shares | Income (Loss) | Equity | Interests | Equity
At January 1, 2020 | 20,103 | $ | 231 | 1,680 | $ | 17 | $ | 148,602 | $ | 20,647 | $ | (39,737) | $ | 5,589 | $ | 135,349 | $ | 4,267 | $ | 139,616
Net income (loss) | — |  | — | — |  | — |  | — |  | (5,875) |  | — |  | — |  | (5,875) |  | (80) |  | (5,955)
Other comprehensive income, net | — |  | — | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (15,879) |  | (15,879) |  | (18) |  | (15,897)
Share-based compensation expense | — |  | — | — |  | — |  | 336 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 336 |  | — |  | 336
Share repurchase plan | (75) |  | — | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (670) |  | — |  | (671) |  | — |  | (671)
Restricted Stock Units | 19 |  | — | — |  | — |  | (30) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (30) |  | — |  | (30)
At March 31, 2020 | 20,047 | $ | 231 | 1,680 | $ | 17 | $ | 148,908 | $ | 14,772 | $ | (40,407) | $ | (10,290) | $ | 113,231 | $ | 4,169 | $ | 117,400

‎

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Note 16 – Stock-Based Compensation and Stock Repurchases

Employee and Director Stock Incentive Plan

2010 Stock Incentive Plan

Our 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (as amended, the “2010 Plan”) under which our Company has granted stock options and other share-based payment awards of our Common Stock to eligible employees, directors, and consultants has expired. In total, 1,527,595 shares of Class A Common Stock were issued or reserved for issuance pursuant to the previously granted options or restricted stock units under that plan.

2020 Stock Incentive Plan

On November 4, 2020, the Company enacted the 2020 Stock Incentive Plan, which was also approved by the Company’s stockholders on December 8, 2020 (the “2020 Plan”). Under the 2020 Plan, the Company may grant stock options and other share-based payment awards of our Class A Common Stock to eligible employees, directors and consultants. The aggregate total number of shares of Class A Common Stock authorized for issuance under the 2020 Plan at March 31, 2021 was 1,250,000, of which 1,096,938 remain available for future issuance, and 200,000 shares of Class B stock. In addition, if any awards that were outstanding under the 2010 Plan are subsequently forfeited or if the related shares are repurchased, a corresponding number of shares will automatically become available for issuance under the 2020 Plan, thus resulting in a potential increase in the number of shares available for issuance under the 2020 Plan. At March 31, 2021, this potential increase in the number of shares eligible for issuance under the 2020 Plan was 154,089 Class A Common Stock.

Stock options are granted at exercise prices equal to the grant-date market prices and typically expire no later than five years from the grant date. In contrast to a stock option where the grantee buys our Company’s share at an exercise price determined on grant date, a restricted stock unit (“RSU”) entitles the grantee to receive one share for every RSU based on a vesting plan, typically between one and four years from grant. Beginning in 2020, a performance component has been added to certain of the RSUs granted to Management, which vests on the third anniversary of their grant date based on the achievement of certain performance metrics. At the time the options are exercised or RSUs vest and are settled, at the discretion of management, we will issue treasury shares or make a new issuance of shares to the option or RSU holder.

Stock Options

We have estimated the grant-date fair value of our stock options using the Black-Scholes option-valuation model, which takes into account assumptions such as the dividend yield, the risk-free interest rate, the expected stock price volatility, and the expected life of the options. We expensed the estimated grant-date fair values of options over the vesting period on a straight-line basis. Based on our historical experience, the “deemed exercise” of expiring in-the-money options and the relative market price to strike price of the options, we have not estimated any forfeitures of vested or unvested options.

No stock options were issued in the three months ended March 31, 2021.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, we recorded compensation expense of $101,000 and $120,000, respectively with respect to our prior stock option grants. At March 31, 2021, the total unrecognized estimated compensation expense related to non-vested stock options was $0.5 million, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average vesting period of 1.27 years. The intrinsic, unrealized value of all options outstanding vested and expected to vest, at March 31, 2021 was $35,000, as the closing price of our Common Stock on that date was $5.55.

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The following table summarizes the number of options outstanding and exercisable as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

|  | Outstanding Stock Options - Class A Shares
|  | Number ‎of Options |  | Weighted ‎Average ‎Exercise Price |  | Weighted ‎Average ‎Remaining ‎Years of ‎Contractual ‎Life |  | Aggregate ‎Intrinsic ‎Value
|  | Class A |  | Class A |  | Class A |  | Class A
Balance - December 31, 2019 |  | 711,377 |  | $ | 14.74 |  | 2.79 |  | $ | 136,350
Granted |  | 38,803 |  |  | 4.66 |  | — |  |  | —
Exercised |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | —
Forfeited |  | (36,701) |  |  | 14.74 |  | — |  |  | —
Balance - December 31, 2020 |  | 713,479 |  | $ | 14.64 |  | 2.18 |  | $ | 13,969
Granted |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | —
Exercised |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | —
Forfeited |  | (135,335) |  |  | 11.84 |  | — |  |  | —
Balance - March 31, 2021 |  | 578,144 |  | $ | 14.77 |  | 1.92 |  | $ | 34,535

Restricted Stock Units

We estimate the grant-date fair values of our RSUs using our Company’s stock price at grant-date and record such fair values as compensation expense over the vesting period on a straight-line basis. The following table summarizes the status of the RSUs granted to date as of March 31, 2021:

|  | Outstanding Restricted Stock Units
|  | RSU Grants (in units) |  |  |  | Vested, |  | Unvested, |  | Forfeited,
Grant Date |  | Directors |  | Management |  | Total ‎Grants |  | March 31, ‎2021 |  | March 31, ‎2021 |  | March 31, ‎2021
March 10, 2016 |  | 35,147 |  | 27,381 |  | 62,528 |  | 62,264 |  | — |  | 264
April 11, 2016 |  | — |  | 5,625 |  | 5,625 |  | 5,108 |  | — |  | 517
March 23, 2017 |  | 30,681 |  | 32,463 |  | 63,144 |  | 62,612 |  | — |  | 532
August 29, 2017 |  | — |  | 7,394 |  | 7,394 |  | 7,394 |  | — |  | —
January 2, 2018 |  | 29,393 |  | — |  | 29,393 |  | 29,393 |  | — |  | —
April 12, 2018 |  | — |  | 29,596 |  | 29,596 |  | 14,547 |  | 13,078 |  | 1,971
April 13, 2018 |  | — |  | 14,669 |  | 14,669 |  | 7,336 |  | 7,333 |  | —
July 6, 2018 |  | — |  | 932 |  | 932 |  | — |  | — |  | 932
November 7, 2018 |  | 23,010 |  | — |  | 23,010 |  | 23,010 |  | — |  | —
March 13, 2019 |  | — |  | 24,366 |  | 24,366 |  | 10,632 |  | 10,630 |  | 3,104
March 14, 2019 |  | — |  | 23,327 |  | 23,327 |  | 11,664 |  | 11,663 |  | —
May 7, 2019 |  | 11,565 |  | — |  | 11,565 |  | 11,565 |  | — |  | —
March 10, 2020 |  | — |  | 287,163 |  | 287,163 |  | 48,416 |  | 237,929 |  | 818
December 14, 2020 |  | — |  | 43,260 |  | 43,260 |  | — |  | 42,716 |  | 544
December 16, 2020 |  | 60,084 |  | 11,459 |  | 71,543 |  | — |  | 71,543 |  | —
Total |  | 189,880 |  | 507,635 |  | 697,515 |  | 293,941 |  | 394,892 |  | 8,682

RSU awards to Management vest 25% on the anniversary of the grant date over a period of four years. Beginning in 2020, a performance component has been added to certain of the RSUs granted to Management, which vest on the third anniversary of their grant date based on the achievement of certain performance metrics. On March 10, 2020, RSUs covering 287,163 shares were issued to members of executive Management and other employees of our Company. Between December 14, 2020 and December 16, 2020, RSUs covering 114,803 shares were issued to members of executive Management and other employees of our Company, all of which vest 100% on the anniversary of the grant date over a period of one year. Of these, w e granted non-employee directors 60,084 RSUs (as well as 38,803 options) on December 16, 2020.

We estimate the grant-date fair values of our RSUs using the Company’s stock price at grant-date and record such fair values as compensation expense over the vesting period on a straight-line basis. Prior to November 7, 2018, RSU awards to non-employee directors vested 100% in January of the following year in which such RSUs were granted. At the November 7, 2018 Board meeting, it was determined that it would be more appropriate for the vesting of RSUs to align with the director’s term of office. Accordingly, the RSUs granted on November 7, 2018, vested on the first to occur of (i) 5:00 pm, Los Angeles, CA time on the last business day prior to the one year anniversary of the grant date, or (ii) the date on which the recipient’s term as a director ended and the recipient or, as the

26

case may be, the recipient’s successor was elected to the board of directors. Accordingly, the RSUs granted to directors on November 7, 2018 vested on May 7, 2019 annual meeting of stockholders. Due to the fact that our Company held our annual meeting of stockholders in May 2019, the vesting period for the RSUs issued on November 7, 2018 was shorter than anticipated. In order to adjust for this factor, the award of RSUs to directors made immediately following the 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders was determined using a value of $35,000 or one half of the dollar amount of the prior year’s annual grant. The RSUs issued to non-employee directors on May 7, 2019 vested on May 6, 2020.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, we recorded compensation expense of $363,000 and $216,000, respectively. The total unrecognized compensation expense related to the non-vested RSUs was $2.2 million as of March 31, 2021, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average vesting period of 1.56 years.

Stock Repurchase Program

On March 2, 2017, our Company's Board of Directors authorized Management, at its discretion, to spend up to an aggregate of $25.0 million to acquire shares of Reading’s Class A Common Stock. On March 14, 2019, the Board of Directors extended this stock buy-back program for two years, through March 2, 2021. On March 10, 2020, the Board increased the authorized amount by $25.0 million and extended it to March 2, 2022. At the present time, the amount available under the repurchase program authorization is $26.0 million.

The repurchase program allows Reading to repurchase its shares in accordance with the requirements of the SEC on the open market, in block trades and in privately negotiated transactions, depending on market conditions and other factors. All purchases are subject to the availability of shares at prices that are acceptable to Reading, and accordingly, no assurances can be given as to the timing or number of shares that may ultimately be acquired pursuant to this authorization.

Under the stock repurchase program, as of March 31, 2021, our Company had reacquired a total of 1,792,819 shares of Class A Common Stock for $24.0 million at an average price of $13.39 per share (excluding transaction costs). No shares of Class A Common Stock were purchased in the three months to March 31, 2021. The last share repurchase made by our Company was made on March 5, 2020, at which time 25,000 shares were purchased at an average cost per share of $7.30. This leaves $26.0 million available under the March 2, 2017 program, as extended, to March 2, 2022.

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Note 17 - Leases

In all leases, whether we are the lessor or lessee, we define lease term as the non-cancellable term of the lease plus any renewals covered by renewal options that are reasonably certain of exercise based on our assessment of economic factors relevant to the lessee. The non-cancellable term of the lease commences on the date the lessor makes the underlying property in the lease available to the lessee, irrespective of when lease payments begin under the contract.

As Lessee

We have operating leases for certain cinemas and corporate offices, and finance leases for certain equipment assets. Our leases have remaining lease terms of 1 to 20 years, with certain leases having options to extend to up to a further 20 years.

Contracts are analyzed in accordance with the criteria set out in ASC 842 to determine if there is a lease present. For contracts that contain an operating lease, we account for the lease component and the non-lease component together as a single component. For contracts that contain a finance lease we account for the lease component and the non-lease component separately in accordance with ASC 842.

In leases where we are the lessee, we recognize a right of use asset and lease liability at lease commencement, which is measured by discounting lease payments using an incremental borrowing rate applicable to the relevant country and lease term of the lease as the discount rate. Subsequent amortization of the right of use asset and accretion of the lease liability for an operating lease is recognized as a single lease cost, on a straight-line basis, over the term of the lease. A finance lease right-of-use asset is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the useful life of the leased asset or the lease term. Interest on each finance lease liability is determined as the amount that results in a constant periodic discount rate on the remaining balance of the liability. Property taxes and other non-lease costs are accounted for on an accrual basis.

Lease payments for our cinema operating leases consist of fixed base rent, and for certain leases, variable lease payments consisting of contracted percentages of revenue, changes in the relevant CPI, and/or other contracted financial metrics.

As a result of the impacts of COVID-19, we have obtained certain concessions from our landlords. We have elected to account for these concessions as if there have been no changes to the underlying contracts, thereby recognizing abatements secured as variable lease expenses, and increasing payables for lease payment deferrals.

The components of lease expense were as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | March 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Lease cost |  |  |  |  |  |
Finance lease cost: |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of right-of-use assets |  | $ | 12 |  | $ | 39
Interest on lease liabilities |  |  | 1 |  |  | 2
Operating lease cost |  |  | 8,308 |  |  | 7,719
Variable lease cost |  |  | (1,165) |  |  | 49
Total lease cost |  | $ | 7,156 |  | $ | 7,809

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Three Months Ended
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | March 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Cash flows relating to lease cost |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating cash flows for finance leases |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 14 |  | $ | 41
Operating cash flows for operating leases |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,507 |  |  | 7,528

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Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | March 31, |  | December 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Operating leases |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating lease right-of-use assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 213,625 |  | $ | 220,503
Operating lease liabilities - current portion |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 22,983 |  |  | 22,699
Operating lease liabilities - non-current portion |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 205,723 |  |  | 212,806
Total operating lease liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 228,706 |  | $ | 235,505
Finance leases |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property plant and equipment, gross |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 380 |  |  | 383
Accumulated depreciation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (281) |  |  | (271)
Property plant and equipment, net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 99 |  | $ | 112
Other current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 49 |  |  | 49
Other long-term liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 56 |  |  | 69
Total finance lease liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 105 |  | $ | 118
Other information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |  | 3
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10 |  |  | 11
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5.27% |  |  | 5.27%
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4.71% |  |  | 4.71%

The maturities of our leases were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Operating ‎leases |  | Finance ‎leases
2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 24,947 |  | $ | 41
2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 33,202 |  |  | 43
2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 32,406 |  |  | 28
2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30,531 |  |  | —
2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 28,368 |  |  | —
Thereafter |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 143,508 |  |  | —
Total lease payments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 292,962 |  | $ | 112
Less imputed interest |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (64,256) |  |  | (7)
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 228,706 |  | $ | 105

As of March 31, 2021, we have additional operating leases, primarily for cinemas, that have not yet commenced operations of approximately $36.0 million. It is anticipated that these operating leases will commence between fiscal year 2021 and fiscal year 2022 with lease terms of 15 to 20 years.

As Lessor

We have entered into various leases as a lessor for our owned real estate properties. These leases vary in length between 1 and 20 years, with certain leases containing options to extend at the behest of the applicable tenants. Lease components consist of fixed base rent, and for certain leases, variable lease payments consisting of contracted percentages of revenue, changes in the relevant CPI, and/or other contracted financial metrics. None of our leases grant any right to the tenant to purchase the underlying asset.

We recognize lease payments for operating leases as property revenue on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease incentive payments we make to lessees are amortized as a reduction in property revenue over the lease term.

As a result of the impacts of COVID-19, we have provided certain concessions to specific tenants. We have elected to account for these concessions as if there have been no changes to the underlying contracts, thereby recognizing abatements granted as variable lease payments through revenue and increasing receivables for lease payment deferrals.

Lease income relating to operating lease payments was as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | March 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Components of lease income |  |  |  |  |  |

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Lease payments |  | $ | 2,701 |  | $ | 2,237
Variable lease payments |  |  | 169 |  |  | 263
Total lease income |  | $ | 2,870 |  | $ | 2,500

The book value of underlying assets under operating leases from owned assets was as follows:

|  | March 31, |  | December 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Building and improvements |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross balance |  | $ | 139,120 |  | $ | 153,643
Accumulated depreciation |  |  | (21,734) |  |  | (26,107)
Net Book Value |  | $ | 117,386 |  | $ | 127,536

The Maturity of our leases were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  | Operating ‎leases
2021 |  |  |  |  | $ | 6,957
2022 |  |  |  |  |  | 8,580
2023 |  |  |  |  |  | 7,751
2024 |  |  |  |  |  | 6,870
2025 |  |  |  |  |  | 5,616
Thereafter |  |  |  |  |  | 6,159
Total |  |  |  |  | $ | 41,933

Note 18 – Hedge Accounting

As of March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, our Company held interest rate derivatives in the total notional amount of $8.0 million and $8.0 million, respectively.

The derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value and are included in the following line items:

|  | Liability Derivatives
|  | March 31, |  | December 31,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Balance sheet location |  | Fair value |  | Balance sheet location |  | Fair value
Interest rate contracts |  | Derivative financial instruments - current portion |  | $ | 218 |  | Derivative financial instruments - current portion |  | $ | 218
|  | Derivative financial instruments - non-current portion |  |  | 152 |  | Derivative financial instruments - non-current portion |  |  | 212
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments |  |  |  | $ | 370 |  |  |  | $ | 430
Total derivatives |  |  |  | $ | 370 |  |  |  | $ | 430

We have no derivatives designated as hedging instruments which are in asset positions.

The changes in fair value are recorded in Other Comprehensive Income and released into interest expense in the same period(s) in which the hedged transactions affect earnings. In the quarter ended to March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively, the derivative instruments affected Comprehensive Income as follows:

(Dollars in thousands) | Location of Loss Recognized in Income on Derivatives |  | Amount of Loss Recognized in Income on Derivatives
|  |  | Three Months Ended March 31
|  |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020
Interest rate contracts | Interest expense |  | $ | 60 |  | $ | 29
Total |  |  | $ | 60 |  | $ | 29

|  | Loss Recognized in OCI on Derivatives (Effective Portion)
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Amount
|  | Three Months Ended March 31
|  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020
Interest rate contracts |  | $ | (1) |  | $ | 243
Total |  | $ | (1) |  | $ | 243
|  | Loss Reclassified from OCI into Income (Effective Portion)
Line Item |  | Amount
|  | Three Months Ended March 31
|  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020
Interest expense |  | $ | 60 |  | $ | 29
Total |  | $ | 60 |  | $ | 29

30

The derivative has no ineffective portion, and consequently no losses have been recognized directly in income.

Note 19 – Fair Value Measurements

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The statement requires that assets and liabilities carried at fair value be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2: Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and,

Level 3: Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.

As of March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020 we had derivative financial liabilities carried and measured at fair value on a recurring basis of $483,000 and $430,000 respectively.

The following tables summarize our financial liabilities that are carried at cost and measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, by level within the fair value hierarchy.

|  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurement at March 31, 2021
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Carrying ‎Value(1) |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Notes payable |  | $ | 212,506 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 215,689 |  | $ | 215,689
Subordinated debt |  |  | 30,466 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20,199 |  |  | 20,199
|  | $ | 242,972 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 235,888 |  | $ | 235,888

|  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurement at December 31, 2020
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Carrying ‎Value(1) |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Notes payable |  | $ | 254,163 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 258,525 |  | $ | 258,525
Subordinated debt |  |  | 30,796 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20,423 |  |  | 20,423
|  | $ | 284,959 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 278,948 |  | $ | 278,948

(1)These balances are presented before any deduction for deferred financing costs.

Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used to estimate the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities. There have been no changes in the methodologies used at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Level 1 investments in marketable securities primarily consist of investments associated with the ownership of marketable securities in U.S. and New Zealand. These investments are valued based on observable market quotes on the last trading date of the reporting period.

Level 2 derivative financial instruments are valued based on discounted cash flow models that incorporate observable inputs such as interest rates and yield curves from the derivative counterparties. The credit valuation adjustments associated with our non-performance risk and counterparty credit risk are incorporated in the fair value estimates of our derivatives. As of March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, we concluded that the credit valuation adjustments were not significant to the overall valuation of our derivatives.

Level 3 borrowings include our secured and unsecured notes payable, trust preferred securities and other debt instruments. The borrowings are valued based on discounted cash flow models that incorporate appropriate market discount rates. We calculated the market discount rate by obtaining period-end treasury rates for fixed-rate debt, or LIBOR for variable-rate debt, for maturities that correspond to the maturities of our debt, adding appropriate credit spreads derived from information obtained from third-party financial institutions. These credit spreads take into account factors such as our credit rate, debt maturity, types of borrowings, and the loan-to-value ratios of the debt.

Our Company’s financial instruments also include cash, cash equivalents, receivables and accounts payable. The carrying values of these financial instruments approximate the fair values due to their short maturities. Additionally, there were no transfers of assets and liabilities between levels 1, 2, or 3 during the quarter ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020.

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Note 20 – Subsequent Events

On April 29, 2021, as detailed at Note 11 – Borrowings, Westpac waived the requirement to test certain covenants as of March 31, 2021. On May 7, 2021, we repaid $11.2 million (NZ$16.0 million) of this debt, which also represented a permanent reduction in the facility.

On May 7, 2021, as detailed at Note 11 – Borrowings, we closed on our new $55.0 million loan facility with an affiliate of Emerald Creek Capital secured by a first mortgage on our 44 Union Square property.

On May 14, 2021, as also described in Note 6 - Property and Equipment, we entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement with a qualified buyer, looking to the sale of our Royal George Theatre property and expecting to close during the second quarter 2021.

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This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 (Financial Statements). The foregoing discussions and analyses contain certain forward-looking statements. Please refer to the “Forward-Looking Statements” included at the conclusion of this section and our “Risk Factors” set forth in our 2020 Form 10-K, Part 1, Item 1A and the Risk Factors set out below.

Item 2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Like many other companies operating in the outside-the-home segment of the entertainment industry, our results of operations for the first quarter of 2021 and 2020 were adversely impacted in a material way by the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to COVID-19, our global cinemas were (i) ordered to close by government mandate and (ii) once permitted to operate, suffered from reduced seating capacities and a lack of quality movies as the major studios and smaller film companies either postponed theatrical release of their movies or moved their movies to the home video market, streaming, or premium video on demand (“PVOD”) platforms. However, with respect to our Company, the adverse impacts of COVID-19 were somewhat buffered and mitigated by our “two business/three country” business strategy by having cinemas and real estate in the U.S., Australia and New Zealand. Cinemas are reopening and as of the date of this Report, 56 of our 61 cinemas are now open for business. Of the remaining five cinemas, two have been closed since prior to the onset of the pandemic, one (in Kahala) for a major renovation and the other (in Wellington) to address seismic issues. Our Consolidated Theatre in Kapolei on Oahu is working in cooperation with Kaiser Permanente to serve as a mass vaccination site for Hawaii.

We have been able to maintain our core assets and keep our key personnel in place as we reopen our cinemas and for when we reopen our live theatres to the public, which is currently estimated to be in the Fall of 2021. Generally speaking, our lenders and landlords continue to work with us, and we have not lost any of our cinemas or other assets to default. Our relationships with our film suppliers continue to be strong.

We have now monetized most of our raw land holdings. In the first quarter of 2021, we sold our land in Manukau, New Zealand for $56.1 million, a $41.0 million gain on sale after costs to sell over its book value of $13.5 million. We also monetized our interest in our land in Coachella, California for $11.0 million, which amounted to a $6.3 million gain on sale after costs to sell over its book value of $4.4 million and, as a 50% member of Shadow View Land and Farming, LLC, the entity that held the property. Our Company received 50% of the sale proceeds. We are also pursuing the monetization of certain other assets. Our properties currently listed for sale are our Auburn Redyard property in Sydney, Australia (which includes approximately 114,000 square feet of raw land) and our Royal George Theatre in Chicago, Illinois. We are in exclusive negotiations with a qualified buyer to sell the Auburn Redyard property, and on May 14, 2021, we entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement with respect to our Royal George Theatre property. While no assurances can be given, we anticipate that both transactions will close during the second quarter of 2021. These sale proceeds will provide our Company with a cash safety net. Our business plan is to ultimately redeploy this cash into our Company’s asset base, to repay debt as deemed necessary, and to continue to operate our cinema business as a stand along business segment.

Subject to capital availability and assuming a return to normalcy, we will once again put emphasis on developing and enhancing our real estate holdings, such as our Courtenay Central, Cannon Park, and Newmarket ETCs, our Cinemas 1,2,3, and our Philadelphia Viaduct properties.

Australia and New Zealand were comparable COVID-19 success stories and weathered the pandemic better than the U.S. To date, all of our cinemas in Australia and New Zealand (with the exception of Courtenay Central which, as discussed above, remains temporarily closed due to seismic concerns) have reopened. During the first quarter of 2021, the U.S. experienced a shift and has now become the leader in mass vaccination campaigns and roll outs. As a result, we were able to reopen the majority of our cinemas in the U.S. Consequently, movie studios have begun releasing blockbuster films, like “Godzilla vs. Kong,” which became the highest-grossing Hollywood movie of the pandemic. The film’s performance has been a beacon of hope for the film and exhibition business and has emphasized the pent-up demand among moviegoers to return to the theater.

In Australia and New Zealand, the governments’ approach to assistance to business was focused on the preservation of jobs and did not discriminate against publicly held cinema companies, unlike the situation in the U.S. Although we provided occupancy assistance to many of our third-party tenants in Australia and New Zealand, the results of our real estate operations remained relatively stable.

COVID-19 Impact on our Cinema Business

In March 2020, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, all of our cinemas in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand were temporarily closed by government mandate, ultimately causing a halt to our cinema income. While our cinema operations in Australia and New Zealand were less impacted by closures, with the first of our New Zealand cinemas reopening on May 27, 2020, approximately 65 days after the initial closure, and the first of our Australia cinemas reopening on June 10, approximately 80 days after the initial closure, some of these cinemas were later closed and reopened numerous times throughout the year as new outbreaks or stay-at-home orders were put in place. Due to government mandates, our Company was not able to reopen any of its U.S. cinema locations until August 21, 2020, approximately 158 days from the initial COVID-19 pandemic closure. However, even in those jurisdictions in which we were permitted to operate, we were (i) subject to density restrictions (which reduced the number of patrons allowed into our cinema

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auditoriums) and (ii) negatively impacted by decisions of the major Hollywood studios to either postpone the release of their movies or, as opposed to offering an exclusive theatrical window, move their movies directly or simultaneously to home video or streaming platforms. Similarly, some of our U.S. cinema locations then proceeded to be closed and reopened numerous times throughout the year. We were also adversely impacted by the increased costs associated with the enhanced cleaning protocols adopted to combat the COVID-19 virus.

As of the date of this Report, 91% of our global cinema circuit had reopened: 83% of our cinemas in the United States, 100% of our cinemas in Australia and 100% of our cinemas in New Zealand (apart from our Reading Cinemas at Courtenay Central, which remains temporarily closed due to seismic concerns).

Since reopening our cinemas, we are encouraged by our growing cinema admissions, and we are pleased with the Food & Beverage (“F&B”) per caps currently being achieved. Also, at the time the COVID-19 pandemic hit, we were already taking steps in our circuit to manage competition from streaming by improving the quality of our cinema offering (luxury recliner seating, presentation screens, and premium sound) and improving the quality and range of our F&B programs.

With the development of and distribution of a variety of vaccines, and a government focus on reopening the social aspects of our lives, we anticipate that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our results of operation will be a passing event, and we believe that we will ultimately return to results that resemble those of the pre-pandemic era.

COVID-19 Impact on our Real Estate Business

The majority of our tenants in our Australian, and all of our tenants in our New Zealand, real estate businesses are currently open for trading. We have, to varying degrees, and as required by regulation, supported certain tenants with rent abatements and deferrals, and may continue to do so until we believe that such tenants are in a position to fully perform their obligations despite COVID-19 impacts.

In the U.S., currently the majority of our real estate income is generated by rental revenue from our live theatres, which are licensed to third-party producers. While these venues have been closed to public performances, we negotiated payment arrangements with certain producers and generated limited income from these assets.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, we substantially completed construction of our 44 Union Square redevelopment project in Manhattan and obtained and have subsequently maintained a core and shell temporary certificate of occupancy. The property is now ready for tenant occupancy. However, COVID-19 has severely constrained leasing activity in Manhattan. Unfortunately, this disruption to the leasing market impacted our ability to renew our 44 Union Square construction loan or to obtain a new loan. As a result, we elected to refinance on a short-term bridge basis using a portion of the proceeds generated by the monetization of our raw land at Manukau, New Zealand. On May 7, 2021, we closed on a new three-year $55.0 million loan facility with Emerald Creek Capital. Proceeds were immediately drawn, subject to certain customary reserves. The facility bears a variable interest rate of one month LIBOR plus 6.9% with a floor of 7.0% and has two 12-month options to extend, but may be repaid at any time, subject to notice and a minimum interest payment equal to the positive difference between interest paid on the loan through the pre-payment date and one-year’s interest. In effect, the loan may be repaid after 12 months without the payment of any premium.

Our Strategic approach to COVID-19 pandemic related Issues

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we took a number of significant steps to preserve our liquidity and we modified our business strategy to ensure our long-term viability in a way that would not have a dilutive impact on our stockholders, overleverage our Company, or require that we fire sale assets. These actions included, without limitation, the following:

To address the venue shutdowns in the U.S., we laid off most of our hourly U.S. cinema and live theatre level staff. We regret being forced into this position, but we were not eligible for Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) funding.

In Australia and New Zealand, we were able to keep our cinema level staff substantially in place, due to governmental assistance provided to our employees for which we did qualify (i.e., JobKeeper Payment program in Australia and the Wage Subsidy Scheme in New Zealand). These programs have now concluded.

Across our global cinema circuit, in 2020 we negotiated abatement and/or deferral arrangements with substantially all of our cinema landlords. During the first quarter of 2021, and in light of our continuing liquidity challenges, and in order to establish our long-term viability, we have continued to negotiate with our landlords to reach accommodations to abate or defer a substantial portion of our rent obligations.

We suspended non-essential operating expenditures.

Where possible, we reduced utilities and essential operating expenditures to minimum levels necessary while our venues were closed or operating on a limited basis.

We terminated or deferred all non-essential capital expenditures and negotiated deferrals and abatements with our various vendors.

We introduced an improved cash management process, with enhanced Treasury funding approvals.

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We worked with our lenders in the U.S., Australia and New Zealand and obtained waivers of certain financial tests and/or suspensions of various financial covenants.

We upgraded our cinema air filtration systems, installed partitions, and equipped our employees with personal protection equipment (“PPE”). And, we have adopted and maintained enhanced cleaning protocols.

We upgraded our mobile platforms to allow our cinema guests to (i) reserve and buy tickets in a way that automatically creates social distancing and (ii) in the U.S., order F&B online.

As discussed in greater detail below, we monetized our principal non-income producing raw land holdings and have progressed towards the sale of certain other real estate assets.

From a corporate G&A perspective, we:

Implemented measures to reduce corporate-level employment costs, including (i) deferring Company 401(k) matching contributions, (ii) eliminating cash bonuses for senior management for 2020, and (iii) eliminating certain corporate-level positions to reduce our overall G&A expense;

Suspended non-essential travel and all entertainment expenses; and

Took advantage, in the U.S. and internationally where we were eligible, of available forms of governmental assistance including but not limited to payroll subsidies and tax benefits. We will continue to seek any available potential benefits under future government programs for which we qualify domestically and internationally. In the U.S., because of our status as a public company, we are not eligible for funding under the Shuttered Venue Operators Grant program or the PPP. We believe that our ineligibility on this basis violates the spirit of the U.S. legislation that was passed.

In addition, during the COVID-19 pandemic period, we worked to develop new streams of income:

We launched our new, art-focused streaming service, Angelika Anywhere.

We developed special programs to allow socially distanced friends & family screenings, and access to our screens for gaming purposes.

In the U.S., we developed a Cinema Eats at Home program whereby guests can enjoy cinema popcorn, food or treats at home through a food delivery service (i.e., Uber Eats) or pick-up.

Historically, we have used the cash flow from our cinemas to build our real estate asset base. But one of the benefits of diversification is that, when the need arises, we can reverse that flow. In 2020 and into the first quarter of 2021, we looked to our real estate assets to assist in supporting the rest of our Company’s operations and took steps to monetize certain non-core real estate assets. These are assets which had not suffered a decline in value due to the COVID-19 pandemic and commanded values substantially in excess of their Net Book Value. More specifically:

On March 4, 2021, we sold our two industrial properties adjacent to the Auckland Airport in Manukau/Wiri in New Zealand, representing 70.4-acres, for $56.1 million (NZ $77.2 million). We recognized a gain on sale after costs to sell of $41.0 million (NZ$56.3 million) over our $13.5 million (NZ$18.7 million) Net Book Value. As raw land, this asset produced no operating income while continuing to realize carrying costs, such as taxes and insurance and land-use planning expenses.

On March 5, 2021, we sold our approximately 202-acre raw land holdings in Coachella, California for $11.0 million (recognizing a gain on sale after costs to sell of $6.3 million over our $4.4 million Net Book Value). As a 50% member of Shadow View Land and Farming LLC, the entity that owned the property, our Company received 50% of the sale proceeds. As raw land, this asset produced no operating income.

In January 2021, we listed for sale our Auburn Redyard Centre (including the Telstra building and the 114,000 square feet of undeveloped land) located in Auburn, a growing suburb of Sydney in New South Wales. The Net Book Value of this property is $28.7 million (AU$37.7 million). We entered into exclusive negotiations with a qualified buyer to sell this property and we anticipate closing during the second quarter of 2021.

In February 2021, we listed our Royal George Theatre property in Chicago for sale. Following a diligent marketing campaign, we are now in contract negotiations with the highest and best bidder. The Net Book Value of this property is $1.8 million. On May 14, 2021, we entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement with a qualified buyer. The sale of the Royal George Theatre is expected to be completed during the second quarter of 2021.

In arriving at the determination to rely upon certain of our non-core real estate assets to bridge this gap in cinema cashflow, we considered a variety of alternatives, including the issuance of additional common stock and the issuing of high interest rate “junk” debt. We determined that it would be in the best interests of our Company and our stockholders generally to not dilute equity by issuing stock in the middle of an unprecedented pandemic and not to mortgage our future with high interest rate debt. Accordingly, we are taking this opportunity to cull our real estate holdings and monetize certain assets which are not subject to distressed market conditions or fire sale pricing.

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BUSINESS OVERVIEW

We are an internationally diversified company principally focused on the development, ownership, and operation of entertainment and real estate assets in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. Currently, we operate in two business segments:

Cinema exhibition, through our 61 cinemas.

Real estate, including real estate development and the rental of retail, commercial, and live theatre assets.

We have consistently stated our belief that these two business segments complement one another, as we have used the comparatively consistent cash flows generated by our cinema operations to fund the front-end cash demands of our real estate development business. Now, we are relying upon income from our real estate assets, and the imbedded value in those assets, to support our Company through the COVID-19 crisis. As we continue to navigate the uncertainty and challenges posed by the global COVID-19 pandemic, we are steadfast in our belief that this two-pronged, diversified international business strategy has supported the strength and long-term viability of our Company.

Key Performance Indicators

A key performance indicator utilized by Management is F&B Spend Per Patron (“SPP”). This is one of our strategic priorities in upgrading the F&B menu at a number of our global cinemas. We use SPP as a measure of our performance as compared to the performance of our competitors, as well as a measure of the performance of our F&B operations. While ultimately, the profitability of our F&B operations depends on a variety of factors, including labor cost and cost of goods sold, we think that this calculation is important to show how well we are doing on a top line basis. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the temporary closure of our cinema and live theatre operations in the U.S., Australia, and New Zealand for a substantial portion of the year ended December 31, 2020 and partially through the first quarter ended March 31, 2021, and due to the lower attendances resulting from social distancing requirements, the lack of new and compelling film product, and the reticence of customers to participate in social gatherings with third parties, Management does not currently believe that a discussion of Reading’s key performance indicators will serve as a useful metric for stockholders. Management intends to resume providing a discussion of our key performance indicators in the future.

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Cinema Exhibition Overview

We operate our worldwide cinema exhibition businesses under various brands:

in the U.S., under the Reading Cinemas, Angelika Film Centers, and Consolidated Theatres brands.

in Australia, under the Reading Cinemas, the State Cinema, and the unconsolidated joint venture, Event Cinemas brands.

in New Zealand, under the Reading Cinemas and the unconsolidated joint ventures, Rialto Cinemas brands.

Shown in the following table are the number of locations and screens in our theater circuit in each country, by state/territory/region, our cinema brands, and our interest in the underlying assets as of March 31, 2021.

|  | State / Territory / |  | Location |  | Screen |  | Interest in Asset ‎Underlying the Cinema |  |
Country |  | Region |  | Count |  | Count |  | Leased |  | Owned |  | Operating Brands
United States |  | Hawaii |  | 9 |  | 98 |  | 9 |  |  |  | Consolidated Theatres
|  | California |  | 7 |  | 88 |  | 7 |  |  |  | Reading Cinemas, Angelika Film Center
|  | New York |  | 3 |  | 16 |  | 2 |  | 1 |  | Angelika Film Center
|  | Texas |  | 2 |  | 13 |  | 2 |  |  |  | Angelika Film Center
|  | New Jersey |  | 1 |  | 12 |  | 1 |  |  |  | Reading Cinemas
|  | Virginia |  | 1 |  | 8 |  | 1 |  |  |  | Angelika Film Center
|  | Washington, D.C. |  | 1 |  | 3 |  | 1 |  |  |  | Angelika Film Center
|  | U.S. Total |  | 24 |  | 238 |  | 23 |  | 1 |  |
Australia |  | Victoria |  | 7 |  | 51 |  | 7 |  |  |  | Reading Cinemas
|  | New South Wales |  | 6 |  | 44 |  | 4 |  | 2 |  | Reading Cinemas
|  | Queensland |  | 6 |  | 56 |  | 3 |  | 3 |  | Reading Cinemas, Event Cinemas(1)
|  | Western Australia |  | 2 |  | 16 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | Reading Cinemas
|  | South Australia |  | 2 |  | 15 |  | 2 |  |  |  | Reading Cinemas
|  | Tasmania |  | 2 |  | 14 |  | 2 |  |  |  | Reading Cinemas, State Cinema
|  | Australia Total |  | 25 |  | 196 |  | 19 |  | 6 |  |
New Zealand |  | Wellington |  | 3 |  | 18 |  | 2 |  | 1 |  | Reading Cinemas
|  | Otago |  | 3 |  | 15 |  | 2 |  | 1 |  | Reading Cinemas, Rialto Cinemas(2)
|  | Auckland |  | 2 |  | 15 |  | 2 |  |  |  | Reading Cinemas, Rialto Cinemas(2)
|  | Canterbury |  | 1 |  | 8 |  | 1 |  |  |  | Reading Cinemas
|  | Southland |  | 1 |  | 5 |  |  |  | 1 |  | Reading Cinemas
|  | Bay of Plenty |  | 1 |  | 5 |  |  |  | 1 |  | Reading Cinemas
|  | Hawke's Bay |  | 1 |  | 4 |  |  |  | 1 |  | Reading Cinemas
|  | New Zealand Total |  | 12 |  | 70 |  | 7 |  | 5 |  |
GRAND TOTAL |  |  |  | 61 |  | 504 |  | 49 |  | 12 |  |

(1)Our Company has a 33.3% unincorporated joint venture interest in a 16-screen cinema located in Mt. Gravatt, Queensland managed by Event Cinemas.

(2)Our Company is a 50% joint venture partner in two New Zealand Rialto Cinemas, with a total of 13-screens. We are responsible for the booking of these cinemas and our joint venture partner, Event Cinemas, manages their day-to-day operations.

Real Estate Overview

We engage in the real estate business through the development and our ownership and rental or licensing to third parties of retail, commercial, and live theatre assets. We own the fee interests in all of our live theatres and in 12 of our cinemas (as presented in the preceding table). Our real estate business creates long-term value for our stockholders through the continuous improvement and development of our investment and operating properties, including our ETCs.

Our real estate activities have historically consisted principally of:

the ownership of fee or long-term leasehold interests in properties used in our cinema exhibition activities or which were acquired for the development of cinemas or cinema-based real estate development projects;

the acquisition of fee interests in land for general real estate development;

the licensing to production companies of our live theatres; and,

the redevelopment of our existing fee-owned cinema or live theatre sites to their highest and best use.

In light of the geographic reach of our business, and the highly localized nature of the real estate business, we have historically made use of third-party contractors to provide on-site management and leasing administrations functions for our Australia and New Zealand real estate portfolio. We have begun, however, in recent periods to selectively build our internal resources in this regard, allowing us to terminate all third-party contracts.

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Cinema Exhibition

Our cinema revenues consist primarily of admissions, F&B, advertising, gift card purchases, theater rentals, and online convenience fee revenue generated by the sale of our cinema tickets through our websites and mobile apps. Cinema operating expenses consist of the costs directly attributable to the operation of the cinemas, including film rent expense, operating costs, and occupancy costs. Cinema revenues and expenses fluctuate with the availability of quality first run films and the numbers of weeks such first run films stay in the market. For a breakdown of our current cinema assets that we own and/or manage, please see Part I, Item 1 – Our Business of our 2020 Form 10-K.

While our capital projects in recent years have been focused on growing our real estate segment, we have also maintained our focus on improving and enhancing our cinema exhibition portfolio, as discussed below:

Cinema Additions and Enhancements

The latest additions and enhancements to our cinema portfolio as of March 31, 2021 are as follows:

Opened a new state-of-the-art six-screen Cinema in Queensland, Australia: On December 22, 2020, we opened a six-screen Reading Cinemas at Jindalee featuring a TITAN LUXE with DOLBY ATMOS immersive sound, luxury recliner seating in all auditoriums, and newly curated enhanced F&B offering.

U.S. Renovations: In late 2019, we commenced the renovation of our Consolidated Theatre at the Kahala Mall in Honolulu. The renovation work was suspended at the end of the first quarter in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 shutdown.

As of the date of this Report, we have converted 94 of our 238 U.S. auditoriums to luxury recliner seating and, when the renovation of the Kahala Mall theatre resumes we will add an additional eight auditoriums to luxury recliner seating.

Cinema Pipeline

The top-to-bottom renovation of our Consolidated Theatres at the Kahala Mall in Honolulu in the U.S. continues to be suspended due to the governmental restrictions imposed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. We do not have a definitive schedule for recommencing this renovation. When reopened, the theatre will feature recliner seating throughout along with a state-of-the-art kitchen and an elevated F&B menu.

By the end of 2022, we anticipate adding three new Reading Cinemas, totaling 19-screens, to our Australian cinema circuit pursuant to Agreements to Lease: (i) Altona in Melbourne, VIC, (ii) Traralgon outside of Melbourne, VIC, and (iii) South City Square in Brisbane, QLD. We have commenced the fit-out of Altona and expect to open by the end of June 2021. With respect to our Traralgon cinema, the landlord has been delayed in turning over the space for the cinema fit-out, and discussions about the tenancy and scheduling are ongoing. We anticipate that the cinema in Traralgon will open later in 2021. We expect hand-over from the landlord of South City Square early in 2022, with an opening by mid-year.

Our focus with respect to new cinemas includes state-of-the-art projection and sound, luxury recliner seating, enhanced F&B (typically including alcohol service), and typically at least one major TITAN-type presentation screen. Our focus is on providing best-in-class services and amenities that will differentiate us from in-home and mobile viewing options. We believe that a night at the movies should be a special and premium experience and, indeed, that it must be able to compete with the variety of options being offered to consumers through other platforms.

During 2021, we will continue to focus on the enhancement of our proprietary online ticketing and F&B capabilities and social media interfaces. These are intended to enhance the convenience of our offerings and to promote guest affinity with the experiences and products that we are offering. We will also be focusing on post-COVID-19 technology improvements to facilitate improved social distancing and contactless experiences. Further, expanding our online capabilities, by the end of 2020, we offered online ordering of our full menu F&B for all of our brands in the U.S. through their respective mobile apps. During 2021, we will expand this to our Australian and New Zealand brands. In December 2020, we launched our very own streaming service, Angelika Anywhere, in the U.S. which is curated for film lovers of independent and foreign film, documentaries, and the more specialized movies from the major studios. We will be expanding to Australia and New Zealand in 2021.

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Cinema Closures

As of the end of the first quarter of 2020, all of our cinemas in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand were temporarily closed in accordance with the directions and recommendations of the relevant local, state, and federal authorities relating to the COVID-19 pandemic. As the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has been largely contained in most areas in Australia and New Zealand, and the restrictions have been reduced by local government authorities, we have reopened in those jurisdictions. As of the date of this Report, we have reopened all of our Australian and New Zealand circuit with the exception of our Reading Cinemas at Courtenay Central, which remains temporarily closed due to seismic concerns. In the U.S., mass roll outs of the vaccination have allowed more of our cinemas to reopen and, as of the date of this Report, we have reopened 83% of our theaters. We expect to announce reopening dates for our other cinemas in the U.S. once local government restrictions permit the opening of movie theaters and more new film product becomes available.

In January 2019, we temporarily closed our Courtenay Central cinema in Wellington, New Zealand. This temporary closure is related to seismic concerns and is currently ongoing. While we continue to advance our planning for the center and have continued conversations with consultants, potential tenants, and city representatives, given the uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, we have no fixed time frame for the commencement of the redevelopment of this property.

Some of our cinemas have encountered new competition, and we believe that others will benefit from planned refurbishment and upgrading. The scope, extent, and timing of such refurbishment and upgrading will be necessarily impacted by our need to preserve capital and liquidity while we work through the various challenges posed by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

Upgrades to our Film Exhibition Technology and Theater Amenities

Prior to COVID-19, we focused on areas of the well-established cinema business where we believe we have growth potential and ultimately, provide long-term value to our stockholders. We invested in both the upgrading of our existing cinemas and the development of new cinemas to provide our customers with premium offerings, including state-of-the-art presentation (including sound, lounges, and bar service) and luxury recliner seating. As of March 31, 2021, all of the upgrades to our theater circuits’ film exhibition technology and amenities over the years are as summarized in the following table:

| Location ‎Count |  | Screen ‎Count
Screen Format |  |  |
Digital (all cinemas in our theater circuit) | 61 |  | 504
IMAX | 1 |  | 1
TITAN XC and LUXE | 25 |  | 30
Dine-in Service |  |  |
Gold Lounge (AU/NZ)(1) | 9 |  | 24
Premium (AU/NZ)(2) | 15 |  | 39
Spotlight (U.S.)(3) | 1 |  | 6
Upgraded Food & Beverage menu (U.S.)(4) | 16 |  | n/a
Premium Seating (features recliner seating) | 27 |  | 167
Liquor Licenses (5) | 34 |  | n/a

(1)Gold Lounge: This is our "First Class Full Dine-in Service" in our Australian and New Zealand cinemas, which includes an upgraded F&B menu (with alcoholic beverages), luxury recliner seating features (intimate 25-50 seat cinemas) and waiter service.

(2)Premium Service: This is our "Business Class Dine-in Service" in our Australian and New Zealand cinemas, which typically includes upgraded F&B menu (some with alcoholic beverages) and may include luxury recliner seating features (less intimate 80-seat cinemas), but no waiter service.

(3)Spotlight Service: Our first dine-in cinema concept in the U.S. at Reading Cinemas in Murrieta, California. Six of our 17 auditoriums at this theater feature waiter service before the movie begins with a full F&B menu, luxury recliner seating, and laser focus on customer service.

(4)Upgraded Food & Beverage Menu: Features an elevated F&B menu including a menu of locally inspired and freshly prepared items that go beyond traditional concessions, which we have worked with former Food Network executives to create. The elevated menu also includes beer, wine and/or spirits at most of our locations.

(5)Liquor Licenses: Licenses are applicable at each cinema location, rather than each theater auditorium. For accounting purposes, we capitalize the cost of successfully purchasing or applying for liquor licenses meeting certain thresholds as an intangible asset due to long-term economic benefits derived on future sales of alcoholic beverages. As of March 31, 2021, we have pending applications for additional liquor licenses for six theaters in the U.S. and one in Australia.

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Real Estate

As of March 31, 2021, our operating properties consisted of the following:

Newmarket Village (Brisbane area, QLD), Cannon Park (Townsville, QLD), The Belmont Common (Perth area, WA), Auburn Redyard (Sydney area, NSW), and Courtenay Central (Wellington, NZ). Our Auburn Redyard ETC is classified as held for sale for financial reporting purposes at March 31, 2021;

two single-auditorium live theatres in Manhattan (Minetta Lane and Orpheum) and a four-auditorium live theatre complex, including the accompanying ancillary retail and commercial tenant, in Chicago (The Royal George). The Royal George is classified as held for sale for financial reporting purposes at March 31, 2021 and is currently under a definitive purchase and sale agreement;

our worldwide headquarters’ building in Culver City, California and our Australian corporate office building in Melbourne, Australia; and

the ancillary retail and commercial tenants at some of our non-ETC cinema properties.

At the start of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, varied trading restrictions, some enforced by the government, affected many of our tenants at our ETC’s in Australia and New Zealand. Although there were varied trading restrictions, most of these properties remained open for business through the COVID-19 crisis. As of the date of this Report, the majority of our tenants are currently open for business at our Australian and New Zealand properties with continued health and safety measures in place. Most of the rentable retail portions of our Courtenay Central location in New Zealand continues to be closed since January 2019 due to seismic concerns, however, two tenants remain open and are trading as of the date of this Report.

We are in exclusive negotiations with a qualified buyer to sell the Auburn Redyard property and on May 14, 2021, we entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement with respect to our Royal George Theatre property. While no assurances can be given, we anticipate that both transactions will close during the second quarter of 2021.

In addition, as of March 31, 2021, we had various unimproved real estate held for development in connection with existing ETCs in Australia and New Zealand and properties (located principally in Pennsylvania) used in our legacy activities.

Our key real estate transactions in recent years are as follows:

Strategic Acquisitions

Exercise of Option to Acquire Ground Lessee’s interest in Ground Lease and Improvements Constituting the Village East Cinema – On August 28, 2019, we exercised our option to acquire the ground lessee’s interest in the ground lease underlying and the real property assets constituting our Village East Cinema in Manhattan. The purchase price under the option is $5.9 million. It was initially agreed that the transaction would close on or about May 31, 2021. On March 29, 2021, we extended this closing date to January 1, 2023. As the transaction is a related party transaction, it was reviewed and approved by our Board’s Audit and Conflicts Committee and supported by a third-party valuation, which showed substantial value in the option and, upon closing, will result in an annual rent savings of $590,000.

Strategic Asset Sales

United States:

Sale of Landholding in Coachella, California – This non-income producing land was sold on March 5, 2021 for $11.0 million. As a 50% member of Shadow View Land and Farming LLC, the entity that owned that property, our Company received 50% of the sale proceeds.

New Zealand:

Sale of Landholding in Manukau/Wiri, New Zealand – This non-income producing land was sold on March 4, 2021 for $56.1 million (NZ$77.2 million).

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Value-creating Opportunities

The implementation of most of our real estate development plans have been delayed due to COVID-19 and the need to conserve capital. However, we continue to believe that our Company’s strong real estate asset base will provide (i) increased financial security through the potential monetization of certain non-core real estate assets or (ii) provide collateral for strategic re-financing, in each case to meet liquidity demands. We intend to continue to emphasize the prudent development of our real estate assets.

United States:

Sepulveda Office Building (Culver City, U.S.) – On May 27, 2020, we leased on a multi-year basis the entire second floor of our headquarters building in Culver City, California (approximately 12,000 usable square feet) to WWP Beauty (wwpinc.com), a global company with over 35 years of experience providing the cosmetics and personal care industries with a range of packaging needs. On the date of the lease, possession of the space was turned over to WWP Beauty, which has been responsible for building out its space. Straight line rent commenced in May 2020 for our Culver City tenant and cash rent payment began in October 2020. Tenant improvements commenced in January 2021 and, it is anticipated, will be complete by the end of May 2021.

44 Union Square Redevelopment (New York City, U.S.) – Historically known as Tammany Hall, this building with approximately 73,000 square feet of net rentable area overlooks Manhattan’s Union Square. During the COVID-19 pandemic, New York City shutdown non-essential construction and business, including construction work at our site. However, the construction of the improvements necessary to obtain a core and shell temporary certificate of occupancy were substantially completed prior to the shutdown. On July 1, 2020, the site reopened for construction activities, and on August 31, 2020, we received a temporary certificate of occupancy for the core and shell of the building, which has been continuously renewed pending construction of tenant improvements.

Our leasing team continues to pursue potential tenants. This building, hailed as a dramatic pièce de résistance with its first in the city, over 800-piece glass dome, brings the future to New York’s fabled past and was awarded in 2020 the ENR New York’s Best Projects awards for Renovation/Restoration and for Safety. We believe 44 Union Square is attractive to potential tenants interested in both (i) operating in New York City and (ii) seeking to have greater control over the size and design of their spaces in a post-COVID-19 environment. It is one of a very limited number of “brandable” sites available for lease in New York City and can be delivered immediately upon the execution of leases.

Minetta Lane Theatre (New York City, U.S.) – Prior to COVID-19, our theatre was used by Audible, a subsidiary of Amazon, to present plays featuring a limited cast of one or two characters and special live performance engagements, which it recorded and made available to the public through the Audible streaming service. Due to COVID-19, no shows have been presented since March 2020 and the theatre remains closed to the public. It is currently anticipated that New York City theatre venues will reopen on or about September. In late 2019, we completed an initial feasibility study for the potential redevelopment of this asset. We will refocus our efforts on this project at a later date when New York City begins to show signs of recovery from the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the interim, we will continue our license arrangement with Audible.

Cinemas 1,2,3 Redevelopment (New York City, U.S.) – Given the closure of our two cinemas in New York City’s Upper East Side, we have determined to continue to operate this location as a cinema for at least the near term. We are pursuing a rezoning of this property to allow us to continue our cinema use as a part of any such redevelopment. However, all other redevelopment activity related to this location has been suspended, until we are able to develop a better understanding of the ongoing effects of COVID-19 on our assets and the market.

New Zealand:

Courtenay Central Redevelopment (Wellington, New Zealand) – Located in the heart of Wellington – New Zealand’s capital city – our Courtenay Central property covers, on a consolidated basis through various subsidiaries, 161,000 square feet of land situated proximate to (i) the Te Papa Tongarewa Museum (attracting over 1.5 million visitors annually, pre-COVID), and (ii) across the street from the site of the future Wellington Convention and Exhibition Centre (wcec.co.nz), the capital’s first premium conference and exhibition space, which is due to be completed in 2023. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, construction for this major public project has resumed and plans include the creation of a public concourse linking through to Wakefield Street, which is across the street from our Courtenay Central project.

As previously reported, damage from the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake necessitated demolition of our nine-story parking garage at the site, and unrelated seismic issues caused us to close major portions of the existing cinema and retail structure in early 2019. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the real estate team had developed a comprehensive plan featuring a variety of uses to complement and build upon the “destination quality” of the Courtenay Central location. Notwithstanding the COVID-19 pandemic, our real estate team is continuing to work with our consultants, potential tenants, and city representatives to advance our redevelopment plans for this property.

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Corporate Matters

Stock Repurchase Program – On March 10, 2020, our Board of Directors authorized a $25.0 million increase to our 2017 stock repurchase program, bringing our total authorized repurchase amount remaining to $26.0 million, and extended the program to March 2, 2022. Through March 31, 2021, we have repurchased 1,792,819 shares of Class A Common Stock at an average price of $13.39 per share (excluding transaction costs). No shares were purchased during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on our overall liquidity, our stock repurchase program has and will likely continue to take a lower capital allocation priority for the foreseeable future.

Board Compensation and Stock Options Committee – Our Compensation and Stock Options Committee, in early 2021, determined to pay out no cash bonuses, with respect to 2020, to any Company senior executives, including our CEO. Following the expiration of the Reading International Inc. 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (as amended, the "2010 Plan"), our Board of Directors adopted the Reading International, Inc. 2020 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”), which was approved by our stockholders on December 8, 2020. The aggregate total number of shares of Common Stock authorized for issuance under the 2020 Plan was 1,250,000 shares of Class A Common Stock and 200,000 shares of Class B Stock. In addition, if any awards that were outstanding under the 2010 Plan are subsequently forfeited or if the related shares are repurchased, a corresponding number of shares will automatically become available for issuance under the 2020 Plan, resulting in an increase in the number of shares available for issuance under the 2020 Plan (up to an additional 1,096,938 shares of Class A Common Stock). On April 5, 2021, the Board of Directors issued 262,830 RSUs to senior management.

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Our Financing Strategy

Prior to the interruptions to our revenues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we have used cash generated from operations and other excess cash to the extent not needed to fund capital investments contemplated by our business plan, to pay down our loans and credit facilities. This has provided us with availability under our available loan facilities for future use and thereby, reduced interest charges. On a periodic basis, we have reviewed the maturities of our borrowing arrangements and negotiated renewals and extensions where necessary. In 2020, we completed amending and extending various financing arrangements less than two weeks prior to the COVID-19 government mandated shutdowns, which we believe has helped provide the necessary liquidity to see us through the COVID-19 crisis.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the temporary closure of our theaters, and the trading restrictions placed on many of our real estate tenants at our ETCs, we had fully drawn-down on all our available operating lines-of-credit by the end of the first quarter of 2020, to provide future liquidity by the end of the first quarter of 2020. As of March 31, 2021, we had $5.1 million available on our U.S. Bank of America Credit Facility and have the ability to redraw these funds as Management sees fit to provide liquidity for our cinema operations, as long as the current required liquidity tests continue to be met.

For more information about our liquidity and financing strategy, please refer to Note 3 – Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Liquidity to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.

Bank of America Loan

On March 6, 2020, we (i) entered into an amendment for our $55.0 million credit facility with Bank of America, which supports our U.S. Cinema operations, extending the maturity date to March 6, 2023 and (ii) also extending the term of our $5.0 million line of credit with Bank of America to March 6, 2023.

On August 7, 2020, we entered into a Waiver and Second Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Amendment”) modifying certain financial covenants within this credit facility and temporarily suspended the testing of certain other covenant tests through measurement period ending September 30, 2021. The testing of the financial covenant resumes for the measurement period ending December 31, 2021. The modifications also include a new covenant related to maintenance of certain liquidity levels. Under the Amendment, cash balances in excess of $3.0 million will be used to paydown the facility debt. However, this is not a reduction in that credit facility and, subject to the satisfaction of draw down requirements, will be available for re-borrowing. In addition to the covenant modifications, the interest rate on borrowings under this facility was fixed at 3.0% above the “Eurodollar” rate, which itself now has a floor of 1.0%. As of March 31, 2021, we had $5.1 million available under this credit facility. In regard to the line of credit, we also modified the interest rate, wherein the LIBOR portion of the rate now has a floor of 1.0%. Such modifications were not considered to be substantial under U.S. GAAP.

Cinemas 1,2,3 Term Loan

On March 13, 2020, Sutton Hill Properties LLC, our 75% subsidiary, increased its term loan with Valley National Bank to $25.0 million from $20.0 million, with an interest rate based on the greater of (i) the two-year U.S. Treasury Rate plus 2.5% or (ii) 4.25%. The current interest rate used for the Valley National loan is 4.25%. This loan matures on April 1, 2022 with two six-month options to extend through April 1, 2023.

NAB Corporate Term Loan (AU)

Prior to COVID-19, in March 2019, we amended our Revolving Corporate Markets Loan Facility with NAB from a facility comprised of (i) a AU$66.5 million loan facility and (ii) a bank guarantee of AU$5.0 million into (i) a AU$120.0 million Corporate Loan facility, with a due date of December 31, 2023, of which AU$80.0 million is revolving and AU$40.0 million is core and (ii) a Bank Guarantee Facility of AU$5.0 million at a rate of 1.85% per annum. Such debt modifications of this particular term loan were not considered to be substantial under U.S. GAAP.

On August 6, 2020, we modified certain covenants within this Revolving Corporate Markets Loan Facility with NAB (the “NAB Amendment”). These modifications apply until the quarter ended June 30, 2021. In addition, for the period in which these covenant modifications apply, the interest rate on amounts borrowed under the facility is 1.75%. The NAB Amendment modifies the Fixed Charge Cover Ratio testing for the quarters through June 30, 2021 so that ratio testing is calculated on each respective quarter’s trading performance, as opposed to annually and waives the leverage ratio testing through the quarter ended June 30, 2021. Such a modification was not considered to be substantial under U.S. GAAP.

On December 29, 2020, to fund the completion of our recently opened cinema in Jindalee, Queensland, we increased the core portion of our Revolving Corporate Markets Loan Facility by AU$3.0 million and is repayable in six monthly installments of $500,000 beginning April 30, 2021 until fully repaid on October 31, 2023. This amendment increases the Facility Limit to

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AU$123.0 million, which will be reduced back to AU$120.0 million as the Jindalee funding is repaid. We further modified certain covenants within this Revolving Corporate Markets Loan Facility with NAB. The Fixed Charge Cover Ratio testing periods were further modified through the quarter ended September 30, 2021. The Leverage ratio was also modified through quarter ended June 30, 2022.

Westpac Bank Corporate Credit Facility (NZ)

On December 20, 2018, we restructured our Westpac Corporate Credit Facilities. The maturity of the 1st tranche (general/non-construction credit line) was extended to December 31, 2023, with the available facility being reduced from NZ$35.0 million to NZ$32.0 million. The facility bears an interest rate of 1.75% above the Bank Bill Bid Rate on the drawn down balance and a 1.1% line of credit charge on the entire facility.

On June 29, 2020, Westpac pushed out the June 30, 2020 covenant testing date to July 31, 2020. On July 27, 2020, Westpac waived the requirement to test certain covenants as of July 31, 2020. This agreement also increased the interest rate and line of credit charge to 2.40% above the Bank Bill Bid Rate and 1.65%, respectively. The maturity date was extended to January 1, 2024. Such modifications of this facility were not considered to be substantial under U.S. GAAP. On April 29, 2021, Westpac waived the requirement to test certain covenants as of March 31, 2021. On May 7, 2021, we repaid $11.2 million (NZ$16.0 million) of this debt, which also represented a permanent reduction in this facility.

44 Union Square Financing

Construction of our 73,000 rentable square foot retail and office building at 44 Union Square in Manhattan is substantially complete and a core & shell temporary certificate of occupancy has been issued to permit the construction of tenant improvements. The property is now in its lease-up phase and we have retired all of the construction debt associated with that project using internally generated funds. On May 7, 2021, we closed on a new three-year $55.0 million loan facility with Emerald Creek Capital. Proceeds were immediately drawn, subject to certain customary reserves. The facility bears a variable interest rate of one month LIBOR plus 6.9% with a floor of 7.0% and has two 12-month options to extend, but may be repaid at any time, subject to notice and a minimum interest payment equal to the positive difference between interest paid on the loan through the pre-payment date and one-year’s interest. In effect, the loan may be repaid after 12 months without the payment of any premium.

Refer to Note 11 – Borrowings for additional information.
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Please refer to our 2020 Form 10-K for more details on our cinema and real estate segments.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The table below summarize s the results of operations for each of our principal business segments along with the non-segment information for the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively:

|  |  | Three Months Ended |  | % Change
(Dollars in thousands) |  | March 31, ‎2021 |  | March 31, ‎2020 |  | Fav/ ‎(Unfav)
SEGMENT RESULTS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Cinema exhibition |  | $ | 18,115 |  | $ | 46,310 |  | (61) | %
| Real estate |  |  | 3,323 |  |  | 4,602 |  | (28) | %
| Inter-segment elimination |  |  | (131) |  |  | (1,684) |  | 92 | %
| Total revenue |  |  | 21,307 |  |  | 49,228 |  | (57) | %
| Operating expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Cinema exhibition |  |  | (22,013) |  |  | (43,976) |  | 50 | %
| Real estate |  |  | (2,655) |  |  | (2,760) |  | 4 | %
| Inter-segment elimination |  |  | 131 |  |  | 1,684 |  | 92 | %
| Total operating expense |  |  | (24,537) |  |  | (45,052) |  | 46 | %
| Depreciation and amortization |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Cinema exhibition |  |  | (3,578) |  |  | (3,778) |  | 5 | %
| Real estate |  |  | (1,840) |  |  | (1,300) |  | (42) | %
| Total depreciation and amortization |  |  | (5,418) |  |  | (5,078) |  | (7) | %
| General and administrative expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Cinema exhibition |  |  | (799) |  |  | (1,210) |  | 34 | %
| Real estate |  |  | (196) |  |  | (355) |  | 45 | %
| Total general and administrative expense |  |  | (995) |  |  | (1,565) |  | 36 | %
| Segment operating income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Cinema exhibition |  |  | (8,275) |  |  | (2,654) |  | (>100) | %
| Real estate |  |  | (1,368) |  |  | 187 |  | (>100) | %
| Total segment operating income (loss) |  | $ | (9,643) |  | $ | (2,467) |  | (>100) | %
NON-SEGMENT RESULTS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Depreciation and amortization expense |  |  | (231) |  |  | (192) |  | (20) | %
| General and administrative expense |  |  | (4,103) |  |  | (4,380) |  | 6 | %
| Interest expense, net |  |  | (4,363) |  |  | (1,789) |  | (>100) | %
| Equity earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures |  |  | (50) |  |  | 78 |  | (>100) | %
| Gain (loss) on sale of assets |  |  | 46,545 |  |  | — |  | — | %
| Other income (expense) |  |  | 1,641 |  |  | (218) |  | >100 | %
| Income before income taxes |  |  | 29,796 |  |  | (8,968) |  | >100 | %
| Income tax benefit (expense) |  |  | (7,728) |  |  | 3,013 |  | (>100) | %
Net income (loss) |  |  | 22,068 |  |  | (5,955) |  | >100 | %
| Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests |  |  | 3,103 |  |  | (80) |  | >100 | %
Net income (loss) attributable to RDI common stockholders |  | $ | 18,965 |  | $ | (5,875) |  | >100 | %
Basic earnings (loss) per share |  | $ | 0.87 |  | $ | (0.27) |  | >100 | %

Consolidated and Non-Segment Results:

First Quarter Results

Net income attributable to RDI common stockholders for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 increased by $24.8 million, to $19.0 million, when compared to the same period in the prior year, and basic EPS increased by $1.14, to $0.87 for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2020. These increases were due to the sale of our non-income producing land in Manukau, New Zealand and Coachella, California.

Revenue for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 decreased by 57%, or $27.9 million, to $21.3 million compared to the same period prior year. This decrease was attributable to (i) the ongoing temporary closure of some of our cinemas in the first quarter of 2021 compared to first quarter of 2020 when our global cinemas closed during the last half of March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, (ii) reduced seating occupancy as a result of social distancing measures, and (iii) changes to the release schedule by film distributors, which collectively led to a significant drop in attendance compared to first quarter of 2020. This was further impacted by the ongoing temporary closures of our U.S. Live Theatres and the rent abatements provided to a handful of our third-party tenants as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Non-Segment General & Administrative Expenses

Non-segment general and administrative expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 decreased by 6%, or $0.3 million, to $4.1 million compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2020 due to (i) savings in payroll costs as a result of the wage subsidy program in Australia (which expired on March 27, 2021) and a reduction in corporate staff, (ii) reduced costs related to corporate airfare and travel as a result of COVID-19 restrictions, and (iii) decreases in professional and legal services. This is partially offset by the strengthening of the Australian and New Zealand dollar against the U.S. dollar.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 increased by $10.7 million to $7.7 million, compared to the equivalent prior-year period. The change between 2021 and 2020 is primarily related to the increase in pretax income in 2021 due to the sales of our Manukau and Coachella properties.

Business Segment Results

As of March 31, 2021, we leased or owned and operated 61 cinemas with 504 screens, which includes our interests in certain unconsolidated joint ventures that total three cinemas with 29 screens. In addition, we:

owned and operated five ETCs located in Newmarket Village (a suburb of Brisbane), Belmont (a suburb of Perth), Auburn Redyard (a suburb of Sydney) and Cannon Park (in Townsville) in Australia, and Courtenay Central (in Wellington) in New Zealand;

owned and operated our headquarters’ office building in Culver City (an emerging high-tech and communications hub in Los Angeles County) and, during the second quarter 2020, entered a multi-year lease with a corporate tenant for the entire second floor.

owned and operated our headquarters’ office building in Melbourne, Australia;

owned and operated the fee interests in three developed commercial properties in Manhattan and Chicago improved with live theatres comprising six stages and ancillary retail and commercial space;

owned a 75% managing member interest in a limited liability company which in turn owns the fee interest in Cinemas 1,2,3;

owned our Union Square development property with approximately 73,000 square feet of net leasable area comprised of retail and office space. The 44 Union Square is currently in the leasing phase, and we received a temporary certificate of occupancy with respect to the core and shell work on August 31, 2020; and

owned 197-acres principally in Pennsylvania from our legacy railroad business, including the Reading Viaduct in downtown Philadelphia.

Our Company transacts business in Australia and New Zealand and is subject to risks associated with fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates. During the first quarter of 2021, the Australian dollar and New Zealand dollar strengthened against the U.S. dollar by 17.5% and 13.3%, respectively, compared to the same period prior year.

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Cinema Exhibition

The following table details our cinema exhibition segment operating results for the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively:

|  |  | Three Months Ended |  |  |
(Dollars in thousands) | March 31, ‎2021 | % of Revenue | March 31, ‎2020 | % of Revenue |  | Three Months Ended
REVENUE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| United States | Admissions revenue | $ | 1,885 | 10% | $ | 13,914 | 30% |  | (86) | %
|  | Food & beverage revenue |  | 1,241 | 7% |  | 6,964 | 15% |  | (82) | %
|  | Advertising and other revenue |  | 664 | 4% |  | 2,429 | 5% |  | (73) | %
|  |  | $ | 3,790 | 21% | $ | 23,307 | 50% |  | (84) | %
| Australia | Admissions revenue | $ | 7,463 | 41% | $ | 12,510 | 27% |  | (40) | %
|  | Food & beverage revenue |  | 3,722 | 21% |  | 5,611 | 11% |  | (34) | %
|  | Advertising and other revenue |  | 932 | 5% |  | 1,466 | 4% |  | (36) | %
|  |  | $ | 12,117 | 67% | $ | 19,587 | 42% |  | (38) | %
| New Zealand | Admissions revenue | $ | 1,415 | 8% | $ | 2,265 | 5% |  | (38) | %
|  | Food & beverage revenue |  | 657 | 3% |  | 983 | 2% |  | (33) | %
|  | Advertising and other revenue |  | 135 | 1% |  | 168 | 1% |  | (20) | %
|  |  | $ | 2,207 | 12% | $ | 3,416 | 8% |  | (35) | %
| Total revenue | $ | 18,114 | 100% | $ | 46,310 | 100% |  | (61) | %
OPERATING EXPENSE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| United States | Film rent and advertising cost | $ | (810) | 4% | $ | (7,258) | 16% |  | 89 | %
|  | Food & beverage cost |  | (314) | 2% |  | (1,820) | 4% |  | 83 | %
|  | Occupancy expense |  | (6,254) | 35% |  | (6,585) | 14% |  | 5 | %
|  | Other operating expense |  | (3,032) | 17% |  | (9,242) | 20% |  | 67 | %
|  |  | $ | (10,410) | 58% | $ | (24,905) | 54% |  | 58 | %
| Australia | Film rent and advertising cost | $ | (3,028) | 17% | $ | (5,464) | 12% |  | 45 | %
|  | Food & beverage cost |  | (836) | 5% |  | (1,155) | 2% |  | 28 | %
|  | Occupancy expense |  | (2,186) | 12% |  | (3,888) | 8% |  | 44 | %
|  | Other operating expense |  | (3,538) | 19% |  | (5,387) | 12% |  | 34 | %
|  |  | $ | (9,588) | 53% | $ | (15,894) | 34% |  | 40 | %
| New Zealand | Film rent and advertising cost | $ | (565) | 3% | $ | (1,055) | 2% |  | 46 | %
|  | Food & beverage cost |  | (124) | 1% |  | (195) | 1% |  | 36 | %
|  | Occupancy expense |  | (455) | 2% |  | (819) | 2% |  | 44 | %
|  | Other operating expense |  | (870) | 5% |  | (1,107) | 2% |  | 21 | %
|  |  | $ | (2,014) | 11% | $ | (3,176) | 7% |  | 37 | %
| Total operating expense | $ | (22,012) | 122% | $ | (43,975) | 95% |  | 50 | %
DEPRECIATION, AMORTIZATION, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| United States | Depreciation and amortization | $ | (1,828) | 10% | $ | (2,019) | 4% |  | 9 | %
|  | General and administrative expense |  | (513) | 3% |  | (869) | 2% |  | 41 | %
|  |  | $ | (2,341) | 13% | $ | (2,888) | 6% |  | 19 | %
| Australia | Depreciation and amortization | $ | (1,426) | 8% | $ | (1,393) | 3% |  | (2) | %
|  | General and administrative expense |  | (287) | 1% |  | (370) | 1% |  | 22 | %
|  |  | $ | (1,713) | 9% | $ | (1,763) | 4% |  | 3 | %
| New Zealand | Depreciation and amortization | $ | (324) | 2% | $ | (366) | 1% |  | 11 | %
|  | General and administrative expense |  | — | 0% |  | 29 | (0)% |  | 100 | %
|  |  | $ | (324) | 2% | $ | (337) | 1% |  | 4 | %
| Total depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expense | $ | (4,378) | 24% | $ | (4,988) | 11% |  | 12 | %
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) – CINEMA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| United States | $ | (8,961) | (50)% | $ | (4,487) | (10)% |  | (100) | %
| Australia |  | 816 | 5% |  | 1,930 | 4% |  | (58) | %
| New Zealand |  | (131) | (1)% |  | (97) | (0)% |  | (35) | %
| Total Cinema operating income (loss) | $ | (8,276) | (46)% | $ | (2,654) | (6)% |  | (>100) | %

First Quarter Results

Cinema Segment operating income

Cinema segment operating income for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 decreased by $5.6 million, to a loss of $8.3 million when compared to the same period in 2020. This decrease is primarily driven by the repercussions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, such as (i) the continued temporary closure of some of our cinemas in the first quarter of 2021 compared to first quarter of 2020 where only part of March 2020 was impacted by theaters being closed worldwide due to the COVID-19 pandemic, (ii) the reduced capacity as a result of social distancing measures, and (iii) the delays in release schedules by film distributors, which collectively led to a significant drop in attendance and a reduction in revenue. However, this decrease is partially mitigated by (i) the reopening of the majority of our cinemas worldwide, (ii) the absence of internal rent expense from some of our fee-interest cinemas due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and (iii) rent abatements received from a number of our landlords.

47

Revenue

Cinema revenue decreased by 61%, or $28.2 million, to $18.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020.

Below are the changes in our cinema revenue by market:

U.S. Cinemas

Cinema revenue decreased by 84%, or $19.5 million, to $3.8 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2021, due to an 88% decrease in attendance. These first quarter 2021 decreases were due primarily to (i) the ongoing temporary closure of the majority of our U.S. Cinemas (primarily in California and New York City) for most of the first quarter 2021, (ii) the social distancing measures put in place as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, and (iii) the lack of a consistent and compelling movie slate from the major studios. The impact of these issues in Q1 2021 was partially reduced by the reopening of the majority of our U.S. cinemas during the month of March 2021.

Australia

Cinema revenue decreased by 38%, or $7.5 million, to $12.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2021, due to a 52% decrease in attendance. While our Australian cinemas were mostly opening during the first quarter of 2021, the lack of film product with releases being pushed farther into 2021 and beyond and social distancing requirements impacted revenue. This was partially offset by the strengthening of the Australian dollar when compared to the U.S. dollar.

New Zealand

Cinema revenue decreased by 35%, or $1.2 million, to $2.2 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2021, due to a 47% decrease in attendance. While our New Zealand cinemas were mostly opening during the first quarter of 2021, the lack of film product with releases being pushed farther into 2021 and beyond and social distancing requirements impacted revenue. This was partially offset by the strengthening of the New Zealand dollar when compared to the U.S. dollar.

Operating expense

Operating expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 decreased by 50%, or $22.0 million, to $22.0 million. This was due to a decline in film rent expense as a result of cinemas being closed and lack of new films, and savings in internal and external rent due to abatements received as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the temporary closures of our cinemas ultimately led to employee terminations in late March of 2020 in the U.S. resulting in a reduction in labor costs. Conversely, in Australia and New Zealand, there was no need to terminate employees as we enjoyed the benefits of wage subsidies provided by their respective governments, which covered virtually all of the costs of our cinema level personnel. The wage subsidy program in Australia was reduced at the beginning of 2021 but still continued to cover a portion of the costs, however, this program ended on March 27, 2021. The wage subsidy program in New Zealand ended on August 25, 2020.

Depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expense

Depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 decreased by 12%, or $0.6 million, to $4.4 million, compared to the same period in 2020. This decrease is attributable to the savings in payroll costs as a result of the wage subsidy programs and reduction in corporate staff costs partially offset by the strengthening of the Australian and New Zealand dollar against the U.S. dollar.

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48

Real Estate

The following table details our real estate segment operating results for the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively:

|  |  | Three Months Ended |  |  |
(Dollars in thousands) | March 31, ‎2021 | % of ‎Revenue | March 31, ‎2020 | % of ‎Revenue |  | Three Months Ended
REVENUE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| United States | Live theatre rental and ancillary income | $ | 82 | 2% | $ | 574 | 12% |  | (86) | %
|  | Property rental income |  | 138 | 5% |  | 51 | 1% |  | >100 | %
|  |  |  | 220 | 7% |  | 625 | 13% |  | (65) | %
| Australia | Property rental income |  | 2,874 | 86% |  | 3,579 | 78% |  | (20) | %
| New Zealand | Property rental income |  | 230 | 7% |  | 398 | 9% |  | (42) | %
| Total revenue |  | $ | 3,324 | 100% | $ | 4,602 | 100% |  | (28) | %
OPERATING EXPENSE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| United States | Live theatre cost | $ | (95) | 3% | $ | (342) | 7% |  | 72 | %
|  | Property cost |  | (341) | 10% |  | (622) | 14% |  | 45 | %
|  | Occupancy expense |  | (397) | 12% |  | (159) | 3% |  | (>100) | %
|  |  |  | (833) | 25% |  | (1,123) | 24% |  | 26 | %
| Australia | Property cost |  | (765) | 23% |  | (651) | 14% |  | (18) | %
|  | Occupancy expense |  | (600) | 18% |  | (584) | 13% |  | (3) | %
|  |  |  | (1,365) | 41% |  | (1,235) | 27% |  | (11) | %
| New Zealand | Property cost |  | (342) | 10% |  | (299) | 6% |  | (14) | %
|  | Occupancy expense |  | (116) | 4% |  | (103) | 3% |  | (13) | %
|  |  |  | (458) | 14% |  | (402) | 9% |  | (14) | %
| Total operating expense |  | $ | (2,656) | 80% | $ | (2,760) | 60% |  | 4 | %
DEPRECIATION, AMORTIZATION, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| United States | Depreciation and amortization | $ | (746) | 22% | $ | (203) | 5% |  | (>100) | %
|  | General and administrative expense |  | (184) | 6% |  | (191) | 4% |  | 4 | %
|  |  |  | (930) | 28% |  | (394) | 9% |  | (>100) | %
| Australia | Depreciation and amortization | $ | (841) | 25% | $ | (863) | 18% |  | 3 | %
|  | General and administrative expense |  | (9) | 1% |  | (168) | 4% |  | 95 | %
|  |  |  | (850) | 26% |  | (1,031) | 22% |  | 18 | %
| New Zealand | Depreciation and amortization |  | (253) | 8% |  | (234) | 5% |  | (8) | %
|  | General and administrative expense |  | (2) | 0% |  | 4 | (0)% |  | (>100) | %
|  |  |  | (255) | 8% |  | (230) | 5% |  | (11) | %
| Total depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expense | $ | (2,035) | 61% | $ | (1,655) | 36% |  | (23) | %
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) - REAL ESTATE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| United States | $ | (1,543) | (46)% | $ | (892) | (19)% |  | (73) | %
| Australia |  | 659 | 20% |  | 1,313 | 29% |  | (50) | %
| New Zealand |  | (483) | (15)% |  | (234) | (6)% |  | (>100) | %
| Total real estate operating income (loss) | $ | (1,367) | (41)% | $ | 187 | 4% |  | (>100) | %

First Quarter Results

Real Estate Segment Income

Real estate segment operating income for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 decreased b y $1.6 million, to a loss of $1.4 million, compared to the same period in 2020. This decrease is attributable to the ongoing temporary closures of our U.S. Live Theatres, the decision to abate internal rent revenue from some of our fee-interest cinemas, and the rent abatements provided to certain third-party tenants as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. These results were partially offset by rental income received from our Culver City tenant which did not exist in 2020: straight line rent commenced May 2020.

Revenue

Real estate revenue for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 decreased by 28%, or $1.3 million, to $3.3 million, compared to the same period in 2020. This decrease is attributable to the ongoing temporary closures of our U.S. Live Theatres and the issuance of rent abatements to certain third-party Australian tenants. The decrease was further impacted by the decision to abate intercompany rent payable by Reading Cinemas as anchor tenants at some of our ETCs in response to the closures and revenue reductions caused by COVID-19. These results were partially offset by rental income received from our Culver City tenant which did not exist in 2020: straight line rent commenced May 2020.

Operating Expense

Operating expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 decreased by 4%, or $0.1 million, to $2.7 million, due to the ongoing temporary closures of our Live Theatre business unit. This decrease was offset by increased costs related to our 44 Union Square property being included in operating costs and our inability to lower fixed expenses despite declining revenues due to the pandemic conditions.

Depreciation, Amortization, General and Administrative Expense

Depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 increased by 23%, or $0.4 million, to $2.0 million, which is attributable to the commencement of depreciation of our 44 Union Square property.

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49

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

The COVID-19 outbreak has materially adversely affected the economies (and the cinema exhibition industry in particular) of the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. Outbreaks of COVID-19 caused cinemas and other public assembly venues to close in March of 2020. Major studios have announced the delayed release of major motion pictures into 2021 and beyond or have gone straight to streaming. The delayed releases of major motion pictures has and will push revenues into later quarters, thereby reducing our full year revenues. However, even if such film product is forthcoming, operating revenues may continue to be adversely impacted by ongoing governmental restrictions, social distancing requirements, the adoption and implementation of new sanitization protocols, and potential hesitancy of patrons to return to public indoor venues.

In response to uncertainties associated with the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on our Company’s business, Management drew down the available operating borrowing capacity in the first quarter of 2020 and implemented an immediate program to reduce costs and cash outlays. As our cinemas have reopened, a portion of those borrowings have now been repaid. On March 31, 2021, we paid down $1.3 million on the Bank of America revolving credit facility bringing the total to $5.1 million available to be drawn under this facility. On May 7, 2021, we repaid $11.2 million (NZ$16.0 million) to Westpac, which represented a permanent reduction in this facility.

In addition, Management undertook a program to monetize certain of our real estate assets. In the first quarter of 2021, these efforts produced net proceeds to our Company of $65.2 million (representing a pre-tax profit of $47.4 million) and after taxes proceeds to our Company of $37.4 million. The assets monetized were our non-income producing undeveloped land at Manukau in New Zealand and Coachella in California. We are currently in contract negotiations with qualified buyers to sell our Auburn Redyard ETC in the Sydney area. On May 14, 2021, we entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement with respect to our Royal George Theatre in Chicago. While no assurances can be given, we anticipate that both transactions will close during the second quarter of 2021. We have used a portion of the proceeds of the monetization of our Manukau property to retire the construction debt on our 44 Union Square property. On May 7, 2021, we closed on a new three-year $55.0 million loan facility with Emerald Creek Capital. Proceeds were immediately drawn, subject to certain customary reserves. The facility bears a variable interest rate of one month LIBOR plus 6.9% with a floor of 7.0% and has two 12-month options to extend, but may be repaid at any time, subject to notice and a minimum interest payment equal to the positive difference between interest paid on the loan through the pre-payment date and one-year’s interest. In effect, the loan may be repaid after 12 months without the payment of any premium.

Our total outstanding borrowings were $243.0 million on March 31, 2021 compared to $285.0 at December 31, 2020. As of March 31, 2021, we had $40.9 million in cash and cash equivalents compared to $26.8 million at December 31, 2020. Our Company’s use of these loan funds is in some ways limited due to limitations on the expatriation of funds from Australia and New Zealand to the United States and limitations on our use of the proceeds from our $55.0 million Bank of America Credit Facility for purposes unrelated to our U.S. cinema activities.

Our bank loans with the Bank of America, NAB, and Westpac require that our Company comply with certain covenants. The longer the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated limitations (both legal and practical) on our business exist, the greater the risk that, in the absence of other actions by our Company, we will be unable to continue to comply with these covenants. However, in such an event, our Company expects to be able to obtain an amendment or waiver from its lenders, though no assurances can be given. We believe that our lenders understand that the current situation is not of our making, that we are doing everything that can reasonably be done, and that our relationship with our lenders is good.

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, our cinema exhibition business plan had been to enhance our current cinemas where it was financially reasonable to do so; develop our specialty cinemas in select markets; expand our F&B offering, and continue on an opportunistic basis, to identify, develop, and acquire cinema properties that allow us to leverage our cinema expertise over a larger operating base. This continues to be our plan once we are able to fully reopen, subject to liquidity constraints.

We continue to advance most of our real estate initiatives as these are, generally speaking, still in the planning stage and, as a result, less impacted than projects in their construction phase. 44 Union Square received a temporary certificate of occupancy for the core and shell of the building on August 31, 2020 and is in the lease-up phase following completion of construction with the exception of minor punch list items. We, fortunately, have only one project in a construction phase – the refurbishment of our Consolidated Theatre at the Kahala Mall in Honolulu. We anticipate that our Consolidated Theatre at the Kahala Mall will reopen for business after construction is completed. We do, however, have contractual commitments to fit-out or refurbish seven cinemas at an estimated cost of approximately $11.8 million, over the next 15 months.

50

Our pre-COVID-19 business plan with respect to the Real Estate segment of our business was to continue the build-out of our Newmarket Village and Auburn Redyard ETCs in Australia; to master-plan the redevelopment of our Courtenay Central site in New Zealand into an urban entertainment center with a focus on cinema exhibition and F&B; in Manukau/Wiri, New Zealand, to develop in concert with other major landowners, the infrastructure needed to support the construction of income-producing light industrial improvements; to reassess and master-plan our Cinemas 1,2,3 property for redevelopment as a stand-alone 96,000 square foot mixed use property and in the interim to continue to use it as a cinema; and to continue to be sensitive to opportunities to convert our entertainment assets to higher and better uses, or, where appropriate, to dispose of such assets. However, as indicated above, the COVID-19 pandemic forced a reassessment of that plan. During the first quarter of 2021, we sold our Manukau and Coachella non-income producing land assets and reclassified our Auburn Redyard ETC and Royal George Theatre complex as assets held for sale. We are currently in exclusive negotiations with a qualified buyer with respect to Auburn Redyard and have entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement with respect to our Royal George Theatre. While no assurances can be given, we anticipate that both transactions will close during the second quarter of 2021. Going forward, subject to capital allocation considerations, we will be focusing on completing the lease up of our 44 Union Square property in Manhattan, the further development of our Newmarket ETC in Australia and Courtenay Central ETC in New Zealand, and the redevelopments of our Cinema 1,2,3 property in Manhattan and our historic railroad properties in Philadelphia.

The success of our Company is naturally dependent on our ongoing ability to execute these business plans effectively through our available resources (both cash and available borrowing facilities), while still maintaining appropriate levels of liquidity. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, our financial obligations arose mainly from capital expenditure needs, working capital requirements, and debt servicing requirements. We managed our liquidity needs by working to generate adequate cash flows from operating activities, to obtain and maintain appropriate financing or extension of maturity dates under reasonable arrangements, and/or to convert non-performing or non-strategic assets into cash as appropriate under the circumstances. During the pandemic, we had to rely on our ability to control costs, to generate revenue from different sources, and to maintain and obtain adequate and reasonable financing, while at the same time reviewing and, where appropriate, converting non-strategic assets into cash, if and as needed. Historically, we have funded our capital expenditures out of operating cash flow. Obviously, with our revenues severely curtailed by the closure and other limitations imposed on our cinema activities, we have needed to look to our lenders for the near term. However, we remain confident in our cinema industry and that it will once again be the primary engine through which we fund our liquidity needs.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business has reduced our liquidity and our Management, consequently, has postponed, or reprioritized most of our capital expenditures based on assessments of conditions and liquidity requirements.

During the remainder of 2021, we anticipate that we will continue to limit our capital expenditures, and as a result, we currently estimate that our cash capital expenditures in both our cinema and real estate segments in 2021 will not exceed $17.2 million. The projects requiring capital expenditures in 2021 will include: (i) with respect to our cinema business, the renovation of existing global cinemas and the construction of new cinemas in Australia and (ii) with respect to our real estate business, capital for the build out/fit out of third-party tenant spaces. Our Company believes that 2021 capital expenditures will be paid for principally by funds raised by the monetization and refinancing of our assets, cash flow from operations and/or funds available under global credit facilities.

Our Company remains focused on all economic factors affecting us as the markets in which we operate appear to be emerging from the worst effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, including, financial, economic, competitive, regulatory, and other factors, many of which are beyond its control. If our Company is unable to generate sufficient cash flow in the upcoming months or if its cash needs exceed our Company’s borrowing capacity under its available facilities, we could be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as reducing, delaying or eliminating such planned capital expenditures, selling additional assets, or restructuring debt.

For more information about our liquidity, please refer to Note 3 – Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Liquidity and Note 11 – Borrowings in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein in Part I, Item 1 (Financial Statements) on this report.

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51

The change s in cash and cash equivalents for the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively, are discussed as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  |
|  | March 31, |  |  |
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | % Change
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |  | $ | (3,774) |  | $ | (8,672) |  | 56 | %
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |  |  | 63,906 |  |  | (9,804) |  | >100 | %
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  |  | (45,713) |  |  | 60,905 |  | (>100) | %
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |  |  | (325) |  |  | 329 |  | (>100) | %
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 14,094 |  | $ | 42,758 |  | (67) | %

Operating activities

Cash used in operating activities for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 decreased by $4.9 million, to $3.8 million driven by a $20.9 million decrease in cash inflows from operating activities, offset by a $25.8 million increase in net changes in operating assets and liabilities resulting from savings from rent abatements and taxes payable.

Investing activities

Cash provided by investing activities during the quarter ended March 31, 2021 increased by $73.7 million, to $63.9 million when compared to the same period in 2020. This increase is primarily attributable to $65.6 million proceeds mainly from the sale of Manukau and Coachella, and an $8.1 million decrease in capital expenditures.

Financing activities

The $45.7 million net cash used in financing activities during the quarter ended March 31, 2021 is related to $42.6 million of loan repayments related to our 44 Union Square property and $5.3 million of the Coachella noncontrolling interest distributions, offset by $2.3 million of new borrowings related to Jindalee.

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52

The table below presents the changes in our total available resources (cash and borrowings), debt-to-equity ratio, working capital, and other relevant information addressing our liquidity for the first quarter ended March 31, 2021 and preceding four years:

|  | As of and for the 3-Months Ended |  | Year Ended December 31
($ in thousands) |  | March 31, 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018(3) |  | 2017(2)(3)
Total Resources (cash and borrowings) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents (unrestricted) |  | $ | 40,920 |  | $ | 26,826 |  | $ | 12,135 |  | $ | 13,127 |  | $ | 13,668
Unused borrowing facility |  |  | 5,100 |  |  | 15,490 |  |  | 73,920 |  |  | 85,886 |  |  | 137,231
Restricted for capital projects(1) |  |  | — |  |  | 9,377 |  |  | 13,952 |  |  | 30,318 |  |  | 62,280
Unrestricted capacity |  |  | 5,100 |  |  | 6,113 |  |  | 59,968 |  |  | 55,568 |  |  | 74,951
Total resources at period end |  |  | 46,020 |  |  | 42,316 |  |  | 86,055 |  |  | 99,013 |  |  | 150,899
Total unrestricted resources at period end |  |  | 46,020 |  |  | 32,939 |  |  | 72,103 |  |  | 68,695 |  |  | 88,619
Debt-to-Equity Ratio |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total contractual facility |  | $ | 248,072 |  | $ | 300,449 |  | $ | 283,138 |  | $ | 252,929 |  | $ | 271,732
Total debt (gross of deferred financing costs) |  |  | 242,972 |  |  | 284,959 |  |  | 209,218 |  |  | 167,043 |  |  | 134,501
Current |  |  | 2,291 |  |  | 42,299 |  |  | 37,380 |  |  | 30,393 |  |  | 8,109
Non-current |  |  | 240,681 |  |  | 242,660 |  |  | 171,838 |  |  | 136,650 |  |  | 126,392
Finance lease liabilities |  |  | 105 |  |  | 118 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | —
Total book equity |  |  | 95,750 |  |  | 81,173 |  |  | 139,616 |  |  | 179,979 |  |  | 181,382
Debt-to-equity ratio |  |  | 2.54 |  |  | 3.51 |  |  | 1.50 |  |  | 0.93 |  |  | 0.74
Changes in Working Capital |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Working capital (deficit)(4) |  | $ | (12,995) |  | $ | (64,140) |  | $ | (84,138) |  | $ | (56,047) |  | $ | (47,294)
Current ratio |  |  | 0.86 |  |  | 0.47 |  |  | 0.24 |  |  | 0.35 |  |  | 0.41
Capital Expenditures (including acquisitions) |  | $ | 1,663 |  | $ | 16,759 |  | $ | 47,722 |  | $ | 56,827 |  | $ | 76,708

(1)This relates to the construction facilities specifically negotiated for: 44 Union Square redevelopment project.

(2)Certain 2017 balances included the restatement impact as a result of a prior period financial statement correction of immaterial errors (see Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Prior Period Financial Statement Correction of Immaterial Errors).

(3)See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Prior Period Financial Statements Correction of Immaterial Errors of the 2020 Form 10-K for the prior period adjustments for accounting for accrued sales tax deemed not material.

(4)Typically, our working capital is reported as a deficit, as we receive revenue from our cinema business ahead of the time that we have to pay our associated liabilities. We use the money we receive to pay down our borrowings in the first instance.

We manage our cash, investments, and capital structure to meet the short-term and long-term obligations of our business, while maintaining financial flexibility and liquidity. We forecast, analyze, and monitor our cash flows to enable investment and financing within the overall constraints of our financial strategy. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, our treasury management has been focused on aggressive cash management using cash balances to reduce debt and minimize interest expense. In the past, we used cash generated from operations and other excess cash to the extent not needed for any capital expenditures, to pay down our loans and credit facilities providing us some flexibility on our available loan facilities for future use and thereby, reducing interest charges. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we chose to fully draw down on most of our lines of credit in order to provide liquidity for our Company during a time of minimal revenues.

Refer to Note 11 – Borrowings for further details on our various borrowing arrangements.

At March 31, 2021, our consolidated cash and cash equivalents totaled $40.9 million, which included approximately $17.6 million in U.S. operations, $9.2 million in Australian operations, and $14.1 million in New Zealand operations. Due to the impact of COVID-19, we no longer intend to indefinitely reinvest offshore any earnings derived from our Australian and New Zealand operations.

C ONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS, COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The following table provides information with respect to the maturities and scheduled principal repayments of our recorded contractual obligations and certain of our commitments and contingencies, either recorded or off-balance sheet, as of March 31, 2021:

(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | Thereafter |  | Total
Debt(1) |  | $ | 1,394 |  | $ | 25,070 |  | $ | 177,665 |  | $ | 296 |  | $ | 287 |  | $ | 7,794 |  | $ | 212,506
Operating leases, including imputed interest |  |  | 24,946 |  |  | 33,202 |  |  | 32,406 |  |  | 30,531 |  |  | 28,369 |  |  | 143,508 |  |  | 292,962
Finance leases, including imputed interest |  |  | 40 |  |  | 43 |  |  | 29 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 112
Subordinated debt(1) |  |  | 510 |  |  | 711 |  |  | 747 |  |  | 585 |  |  | — |  |  | 27,913 |  |  | 30,466
Pension liability |  |  | 513 |  |  | 684 |  |  | 684 |  |  | 684 |  |  | 684 |  |  | 1,375 |  |  | 4,624
Estimated interest on debt (2) |  |  | 6,727 |  |  | 7,538 |  |  | 5,384 |  |  | 1,524 |  |  | 1,472 |  |  | 2,104 |  |  | 24,749
Village East purchase option(3) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,900 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,900
Total |  | $ | 34,130 |  | $ | 67,247 |  | $ | 222,815 |  | $ | 33,620 |  | $ | 30,812 |  | $ | 182,694 |  | $ | 571,319

(1)Information is prese nted gross of deferred financing costs.

(2)Estimated interest on debt is based on the anticipated loan balances for future periods and current applicable interest rates.

(3)Represents the lease li ability of the option associated with the ground lease purchase of the Village East Cinema.

Refer to Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies for additional information.

53

Litigation

We are currently involved in certain legal proceedings and, as required, have accrued estimates of probable and estimable losses for the resolution of these claims.

Where we are the plaintiffs, we expense all legal fees on an ongoing basis and make no provision for any potential settlement amounts until received. In Australia, the prevailing party is usually entitled to recover its attorneys’ fees, which recoveries typically work out to be approximately 60% of the amounts actually spent where first-class legal counsel is engaged at customary rates. Where we are a plaintiff, we have likewise made no provision for the liability for the defendant’s attorneys' fees in the event we are determined not to be the prevailing party.

Where we are the defendants, we accrue for probable damages that insurance may not cover as they become known and can be reasonably estimated. In our opinion, any claims and litigation in which we are currently involved are not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial position, or liquidity. It is possible, however, that future results of the operations for any particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected by the ultimate outcome of the legal proceedings.

Please refer to Item 3 – Legal Proceedings in our 2020 Form 10-K for more information. There have been no material changes to our litigation since our 2020 Form 10-K.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

There are no off-balance sheet arrangements or obligations (including contingent obligations) that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future material effect on our financial condition, changes in the financial condition, revenue or expense, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

We believe that the application of the following accounting policies requires significant judgments and estimates in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements and hence, are critical to our business operations and the understanding of our financial results:

(i) Impairment of Long-lived Assets (other than Goodwill and Intangible Assets with indefinite lives) – we evaluate our long-lived assets and finite-lived intangible assets using historical and projected data of cash flows as our primary indicator of potential impairment and we take into consideration the seasonality of our business. If the sum of the estimated, undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, then an impairment is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value based on an appraisal or a discounted cash flow calculation. For certain non-income producing properties or for those assets with no consistent historical or projected cash flows, we obtain appraisals or other evidence to evaluate whether there are impairment indicators for these assets.

No impairment losses were recorded for long-lived and finite-lived intangible assets for the first quarter ended March 31, 2021.

(ii) Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets with indefinite lives – goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but instead, tested for impairment at least annually on a reporting unit basis. The impairment evaluation is based on the present value of estimated future cash flows of each reporting unit plus the expected terminal value. There are significant assumptions and estimates used in determining the future cash flows and terminal value. The most significant assumptions include our cost of debt and cost of equity assumptions that comprise the weighted average cost of capital for each reporting unit. Accordingly, actual results could vary materially from such estimates.

No impairment losses were recorded for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for the first quarter ended March 31, 2021.

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F INANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT

International Business Risks

Our international operations are subject to a variety of risks, including the following:

Currency Risk: while we report our earnings and net assets in U.S. dollars, substantial portions of our revenue and of our obligations are denominated in either Australian or New Zealand dollars. The value of these currencies can vary significantly compared to the U.S. dollar and compared to each other. We do not hedge the currency risk, but rather have relied upon the natural hedges that exist as a result of the fact that our film costs are typically fixed as a percentage of the box office, and our local operating costs and obligations are likewise typically denominated in local currencies. However, we do have intercompany debt and our ability to service this debt could be adversely impacted by declines in the relative value of the Australian and New Zealand dollar compared to the U.S. dollar. Also, our use of local borrowings to mitigate the business risk of currency fluctuations has reduced our flexibility to move cash between jurisdictions. Set forth below is a chart of the exchange ratios between these three currencies since 1996:

In recent periods, we have repaid intercompany debt and used the proceeds to fund capital investment in the United States. Accordingly, our debt levels in Australia are higher than they would have been if funds had not been returned for such purposes. On a company wide basis, this means that a reduction in the relative strength of the U.S. dollar versus the Australian Dollar and/or the New Zealand dollar would effectively raise the overall cost of our borrowing and capital and make it more expensive to return funds from the United States to Australia and New Zealand.

Risk of adverse government regulation: currently, we believe that relations between the United States, Australia, and New Zealand are good. However, no assurances can be given that these relationships will continue, and that Australia and New Zealand will not in the future seek to regulate more highly the business done by U.S. companies in their countries.

Risk of adverse labor relations: deterioration in labor relations could lead to an increased cost of labor (including future government requirements with respect to pension liabilities, disability insurance and health coverage, and vacations and leave).

Our exposure to interest rate risk arises out of our long-term floating-rate borrowings. To manage the risk, we utilize interest rate derivative contracts to convert certain floating-rate borrowings into fixed-rate borrowings. It is our Company’s policy to enter into interest rate derivative transactions only to the extent considered necessary to meet its objectives as stated above. Our Company does not enter into these transactions or any other hedging transactions for speculative purposes.

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Inflation

We continually monitor inflation and the effects of changing prices. Inflation increases the cost of goods and services used. Competitive conditions in many of our markets restrict our ability to recover fully the higher costs of acquired goods and services through price increases. We attempt to mitigate the impact of inflation by implementing continuous process improvement solutions to enhance productivity and efficiency and, as a result, lower costs and operating expenses. The effects of inflation have not had a material impact on our operations and the resulting financial position or liquidity. However, we are monitoring recent macro-economic factors suggesting the possibility of increased inflation as the economy emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic.

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This quarterly report contains forward-looking statements within the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as: "may," "will," "expect," "believe," "intend," "future," and "anticipate" and similar references to future periods. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding the expected timing of the reopening of our cinemas and theatres; our expected operating results, including due to our diverse business structure; our expectations regarding the implementation and success of our new initiatives; our expectations regarding the potential monetization and refinancing of real estate assets, including the timing of any sale our Auburn/Redyard Entertainment Themed Center and Royal George Theatre properties; our expectations regarding the future of the cinema exhibition industry, including the strength of movies anticipated for release in the future; our expectations regarding people continuing to use discretionary funds on entertainment outside of the home; our expectations regarding the impact of streaming and mobile video services on the cinema exhibition industry; our belief regarding the attractiveness of 44 Union Square to potential tenants; our expectations regarding the timing of the completions our construction projects, including the Consolidated Theatre at the Kahala Mall and the fit-out or refurbishment of certain cinemas; our expectations regarding the commencement of rental income on our office building; our expectations regarding our stock repurchase program; our expectations regarding credit facility covenant compliance and our ability to continue to obtain necessary covenant waivers; and our expectations of our liquidity and capital requirements and the allocation of funds.

Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of our control. Our actual results and financial condition may differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, among others, the following:

with respect to our cinema and live theatre operations:

the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic which resulted in the temporary shutdown of our global theaters in March 2020, and the adverse effects on our anticipated cinema operations should there be further closings or restrictions mandated should the COVID-19 pandemic conditions become more severe, including with our live theatres in New York City and Chicago;

the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our Company’s results from operations, liquidity, cash flows, financial condition, and access to credit markets;

the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on short-term and/or long-term entertainment, leisure and discretionary spending habits and practices of our patrons;

the decrease in attendance at our cinemas and theatres after they have reopened due to (i) continued health and safety concerns, (ii) a change in consumer behavior in favor of alternative forms of entertainment, or (iii) additional regulatory requirements limiting our seating capacity;

reduction in operating margins (or negative operating margins) due to the implementation of social distancing and other health and safety protocols;

potentially uninsurable liability exposure to customers and staff should they become (or allege that they have become) infected with COVID-19 while at one of our facilities;

unwillingness of employees to report to work due to the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic or to otherwise conduct work under any revised work environment protocols;

the adverse impact that the COVID-19 pandemic may continue to have on the national and global macroeconomic environment;

competition from cinema operators who have successfully used debtor laws to reduce their debt and/or rent exposure;

the uncertainty as to the scope and extent of government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic;

the disruptions or reductions in the utilization of entertainment, shopping, and hospitality venues, as well as in our operations, due to pandemics, epidemics, widespread health emergencies, or outbreaks of infectious diseases such as COVID-19, or to changing consumer tastes and habits;

the number and attractiveness to moviegoers of the films released in future periods, and potential changes in release dates for motion pictures;

the lack of availability of films in the short- or long-term as a result of (i) major film distributors releasing scheduled films on alternative channels or (ii) disruptions of film production;

the amount of money spent by film distributors to promote their motion pictures;

the licensing fees and terms required by film distributors from motion picture exhibitors in order to exhibit their films;

the comparative attractiveness of motion pictures as a source of entertainment and willingness and/or ability of consumers (i) to spend their dollars on entertainment and (ii) to spend their entertainment dollars on movies in an outside-the-home environment;

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the extent to which we encounter competition from other cinema exhibitors, from other sources of outside-the-home entertainment, and from inside-the-home entertainment options, such as “home theaters” and competitive film product distribution technology, such as, streaming, cable, satellite broadcast, video on demand platforms, and Blu-ray/DVD rentals and sales;

the impact of major movies being released directly to one of the multitude of streaming services available;

the impact of certain competitors’ subscription or advance pay programs;

the failure of our new initiatives to gain significant customer acceptance and use or to generate meaningful profits;

the cost and impact of improvements to our cinemas, such as improved seating, enhanced F&B offerings, and other improvements;

the ability to negotiate favorable rent payment terms with our landlords;

disruptions during theater improvements;

the extent to, and the efficiency with, which we are able to integrate acquisitions of cinema circuits with our existing operations;

the risk that California will adopt a split property tax regime resulting in material increases in our liability for pass through property taxes;

in the U.S., the impact of any termination of the so called “Paramount Decree;”

the risk of damage and/or disruption of cinema businesses from earthquakes as certain of our operations are in geologically active areas;

the impact of protests, demonstrations, and civil unrest on, among other things, government policy, consumer willingness to go to the movies, and the spread of COVID-19; and

additional delays by our landlords in the State of Victoria in the hand-over of cinema space to us which will result in further delays of our planned opening dates.

with respect to our real estate development and operation activities:

the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic may continue to affect many of our tenants at our real estate operations in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand, their ability to pay rent, and to stay in business;

the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our construction projects and on our ability to open construction sites and to secure needed labor and materials;

the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on real estate valuations in major urban centers, such as New York;

uncertainty as to governmental responses to COVID-19;

the potential monetization of certain non-core real estate assets;

the rental rates and capitalization rates applicable to the markets in which we operate and the quality of properties that we own;

the ability to negotiate and execute lease agreements with material tenants;

the extent to which we can obtain on a timely basis the various land use approvals and entitlements needed to develop our properties;

the risks and uncertainties associated with real estate development;

the availability and cost of labor and materials;

the ability to obtain all permits to construct improvements;

the ability to finance improvements;

the disruptions to our business from construction and/or renovations;

the possibility of construction delays, work stoppage, and material shortage;

competition for development sites and tenants;

environmental remediation issues;

the extent to which our cinemas can continue to serve as an anchor tenant that will, in turn, be influenced by the same factors as will influence generally the results of our cinema operations;

the increased depreciation and amortization expense as construction projects transition to leased real property;

the ability to negotiate and execute joint venture opportunities and relationships;

the risk of damage and/or disruption of real estate businesses from earthquakes as certain of our operations are in geologically active areas;

the disruptions or reductions in the utilization of entertainment, shopping and hospitality venues, as well as in our operations, due to pandemics, epidemics, widespread health emergencies, or outbreaks of infectious diseases such as COVID-19, or to changing consumer tastes and habits; and

the impact of protests, demonstrations, and civil unrest on government policy, consumer willingness to visit shopping centers, and the spread of COVID-19, among other things.

with respect to our operations generally as an international company involved in both the development and operation of cinemas and the development and operation of real estate and previously engaged for many years in the railroad business in the United States:

our ability to renew, extend, renegotiate or replace our loans that mature in 2022 and beyond;

our ability to grow our Company and provide value to our stockholders;

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our ongoing access to borrowed funds and capital and the interest that must be paid on that debt and the returns that must be paid on such capital, and our ability to borrow funds to help cover the cessation of cash flows we are experiencing during the COVID-19 pandemic;

our ability to reallocate funds among jurisdictions to meet short-term liquidity needs;

Management and Board distraction, expenses and other effects of the litigation efforts that were mounted by James J. Cotter, Jr. against our Company, which may continue after his death, including efforts to cause a sale of voting control of our Company;

the relative values of the currency used in the countries in which we operate;

the impact that any discontinuance, modification or other reform of London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (LIBOR), or the establishment of alternative reference rates, may have on our LIBOR-based debt instruments;

changes in government regulation, including by way of example, the costs resulting from the requirements of Sarbanes-Oxley;

our labor relations and costs of labor (including future government requirements with respect to minimum wages, shift scheduling, the use of consultants, pension liabilities, disability insurance and health coverage, and vacations and leave);

our exposure from time to time to legal claims and to uninsurable risks, such as those related to our historic railroad operations, including potential environmental claims and health-related claims relating to alleged exposure to asbestos or other substances now or in the future recognized as being possible causes of cancer or other health related problems, and class actions and private attorney general wage and hour and/or safe workplace based claims;

our exposure to cybersecurity risks, including misappropriation of customer information or other breaches of information security;

the impact of major outbreaks of contagious diseases, such as COVID-19;

the availability of employees and/or their ability or willingness to conduct work under any revised work environment protocols;

the increased risks related to employee matters, including increased employment litigation and claims relating to terminations or furloughs caused by theater and ETC closures;

our ability to generate significant cash flow from operations if our theaters and/or ETCs continue to experience demand at levels significantly lower than historical levels, which could lead to a substantial increase in indebtedness and negatively impact our ability to comply with the financial covenants, if applicable, in our debt agreements;

our ability to comply with credit facility covenants and our ability to obtain necessary covenant waivers and necessary credit facility amendments;

changes in future effective tax rates and the results of currently ongoing and future potential audits by taxing authorities having jurisdiction over our various companies;

potential inflationary pressures; and

changes in applicable accounting policies and practices.

The above list is not necessarily exhaustive, as business is by definition unpredictable and risky, and subject to influence by numerous factors outside of our control, such as changes in government regulation or policy, competition, interest rates, supply, technological innovation, changes in consumer taste and fancy, weather, earthquakes, pandemics, such as COVID-19, and the extent to which consumers in our markets have the economic wherewithal to spend money on beyond-the-home entertainment. Refer to Part I, Item 1A - Risk Factors and Part II, Item 7 – Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, as well as the risk factors set forth in any other filings made under the Securities Act of 1934, as amended, including any of our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, for more information.

Forward-looking statements made by us in this quarterly report are based only on information currently available to us and are current only as of the date of this report. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or to revise any of our forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable law. Accordingly, you should always note the date to which our forward-looking statements speak.

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Item 3 – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

The SEC requires that registrants include information about potential effects of changes in currency exchange and interest rates in their filings. Several alternatives, all with some limitations, have been offered. We base the following discussion on a sensitivity analysis that models the effects of fluctuations in currency exchange rates and interest rates. This analysis is constrained by several factors, including the following:

It is based on a single point in time; and

It does not include the effects of other complex market reactions that would arise from the changes modeled.

Although the results of such an analysis may be useful as a benchmark, they should not be viewed as forecasts.

At March 31, 2021, approximately 39% and 10% of our assets were invested in assets denominated in Australian dollars (Reading Australia) and New Zealand dollars (Reading New Zealand), respectively, including approximately $23.3 million in cash and cash equivalents. At December 31, 2020, approximately 39% and 12% of our assets were invested in assets denominated in Australian dollars (Reading Australia) and New Zealand dollars (Reading New Zealand), including approximately $19.1 million in cash and cash equivalents.

Our policy in Australia and New Zealand is to match revenues and expenses, whenever possible, in local currencies. As a result, we have procured a majority of our expenses in Australia and New Zealand in local currencies. Despite this natural hedge, recent movements in foreign currencies have had an effect on our current earnings. The effect of the translation adjustment on our assets and liabilities noted in our other comprehensive income was a decrease of $2.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. As we continue to progress our acquisition and development activities in Australia and New Zealand, no assurances can be given that the foreign currency effect on our earnings will not be material in the future.

Historically, our policy has been to borrow in local currencies to finance the development and construction of our long-term assets in Australia and New Zealand. As a result, the borrowings in local currencies have provided somewhat of a natural hedge against the foreign currency exchange exposure. We have also historically paid management fees to the U.S. to cover a portion of our domestic overhead. The fluctuations of the Australian and New Zealand currencies, however, may impact our ability to rely on such funding for ongoing support of our domestic overhead.

In 2007, we issued subordinated Trust Preferred Securities denominated in U.S Dollars, and substantially deployed those funds in our New Zealand subsidiaries, thus exposing approximately 59% of New Zealand assets to currency risk. Those funds were returned to the U.S. parent company permanently and in full during 2019, and the New Zealand subsidiaries were released from liability under the Securities. Presently, we have no plans to make new borrowings in currencies other than the local currency.

We record unrealized foreign currency translation gains or losses that could materially affect our financial position. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the balance of cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments were approximately $12.3 million loss and $15.0 million gain, respectively.

Historically, we maintain most of our cash and cash equivalent balances in short-term money market instruments with original maturities of three months or less. Due to the short-term nature of such investments, a change of 1% in short-term interest rates would not have a material effect on our financial condition. The negative spread between our borrowing costs and earned interest will exacerbate as we hold cash to provide a safety net to meet our expenses while our cinema operations are closed and our tenant income curtailed.

We have a combination of fixed and variable interest rate loans. In connection with our variable interest rate loans, a change of approximately 1% in short-term interest rates would have resulted in approximately $460,000 increase or decrease in our quarterly interest expense.

For further discussion on market risks, please refer to International Business Risks included in Item 2, Part 1 of this Form 10-Q.

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Item 4 – Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Company’s reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our Management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and our Management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our Management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such, term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, we concluded that, as of March 31, 2021, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the first quarter ended March 31, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II – Other Information

Item 1 – Legal Proceedings

The information required under Part II, Item 1 (Legal Proceedings) is incorporated by reference to the information contained in Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein in Part I, Item 1 (Financial Statements) on this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

For further details on our legal proceedings, please refer to Part I, Item 3, Legal Proceedings, contained in our 2020 Form 10-K.

Item 1A – Risk Factors

In addition to the risk factors previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, the following risk factor was identified:

We are subject to risks related to corporate social responsibility and reputation. Many factors influence our reputation and the value of our brands including the perception held by our customers, business partners, other key stakeholders, and the communities in which we do business. Any harm to our reputation could impact employee engagement and retention and the willingness of customers and our partners to do business with us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and cash flows.
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Item 2 – Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3 – Defaults upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4 – Mine Safety Disclosure

Not applicable.

Item 5 – Other Information

Item 1.01 Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement

We incorporate by reference the information contained in Note 11 - Borrowings of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) in Part I, Item 1 of this quarterly report relating to the respective amendment to our credit agreement with Westpac New Zealand Limited. Such description is only a summary of the material provisions of the respective amendment and does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the provisions in such amendment, a copy of which is attached to this report as Exhibits 10.1.
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Item 6 – Exhibits

10.1† | Letter of Variation dated April 29, 2021 between Westpac New Zealand Limited and Reading Courtenay Central Limited, filed herewith.
31.1 | Certification of the Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith.
31.2 | Certification of the Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith.
32 | Certifications Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, furnished herewith.
101 | The following material from our Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021, formatted in iXBRL (Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in iXBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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† Portions of this exhibit have been excluded because they are both not material and would likely cause competitive harm to the registrant if publicly disclosed. Information that has been omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark “[***]”.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

Date: May 17, 2021

By: /s/ Ellen M. Cotter

Ellen M. Cotter

President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: May 17, 2021

By: /s/ Gilbert Avanes

Gilbert Avanes

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

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