<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001140361-25-010575.txt : 20250327
<SEC-HEADER>0001140361-25-010575.hdr.sgml : 20250327
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20250327073525
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001140361-25-010575
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		15
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20250327
ITEM INFORMATION:		Results of Operations and Financial Condition
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20250327
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20250327

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			PDS Biotechnology Corp
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001472091
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	03 Life Sciences
		EIN:				264231384
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-37568
		FILM NUMBER:		25775316

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		303A COLLEGE ROAD EAST
		CITY:			PRINCETON
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			08540
		BUSINESS PHONE:		800-208-3343

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		303A COLLEGE ROAD EAST
		CITY:			PRINCETON
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			08540

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	Edge Therapeutics, Inc.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20090911
</SEC-HEADER>
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      <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold;">UNITED STATES</div>

      <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</div>

      <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">WASHINGTON, DC 20549</div>

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      <div style="text-align: center; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CURRENT REPORT</div>

      <div style="text-align: center; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the</div>

      <div style="text-align: center; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Securities Exchange Act of 1934</div>

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      <div style="text-align: center; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)</div>

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      <div style="text-align: center; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1" id="Fact_168fe4d3b3c5446788d666906dfc28f2" contextRef="c20250327to20250327">303A College Road East</ix:nonNumeric>,
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      <div style="text-align: center; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">(<ix:nonNumeric name="dei:CityAreaCode" id="Fact_47199234b57842e8be7661b33f46828f" contextRef="c20250327to20250327">800</ix:nonNumeric>) <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber" id="Fact_2951017f7c11420e83d03862d32c4342" contextRef="c20250327to20250327">208-3343</ix:nonNumeric></span></div>

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      <div style="text-align: center; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)</div>

      <div style="text-align: left; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the
        following provisions (<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: italic;">see</span> General Instruction A.2. below):</div>

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                <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0.4pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Written communication pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</span></span></div>
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                <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0.4pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</span></span></div>
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                <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0.3pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Pre-commencement communication pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR
                      240.14d-2(b))</span></span></div>
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                <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0.3pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Pre-commencement communication pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR
                      240.13e-4(c))</span></span></div>
              </td>

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      <div style="text-align: left; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</div>

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              <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Title of each class</div>
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    <td style="width: 17.55%; vertical-align: top; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Trading Symbol(s)</div>
            </td>

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              <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Name of each exchange on which registered</div>
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    <td style="width: 41.93%; vertical-align: top; border-left: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-right: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:Security12bTitle" id="Fact_9d6eab564eae44619e8528eb0c41e780" contextRef="c20250327to20250327">Common Stock, par value $0.00033 per share</ix:nonNumeric><br/>
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            </td>

    <td style="width: 17.55%; vertical-align: top; border-left: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-right: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:TradingSymbol" id="Fact_f0473ca08c434627bd7de9cf8f8a27b6" contextRef="c20250327to20250327">PDSB</ix:nonNumeric><br/>
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    <td style="width: 40.53%; vertical-align: top; border-left: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-right: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt; text-align: center;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:SecurityExchangeName" id="Fact_f889b9f9d14d4831af63311c4483b80f" contextRef="c20250327to20250327" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen">The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC</ix:nonNumeric><br/>
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      <div style="text-align: left; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (17 CFR &#167;230.405 of this
        chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (17 CFR &#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</div>

      <div style="text-align: left; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Emerging growth company <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" id="Fact_63698583652b459eb31b2f00128b2232" contextRef="c20250327to20250327" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></div>

      <div style="text-align: left; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new
        or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. Yes <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&#9744;</span> No <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&#9744;</span></div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">
<div><br/></div>

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      <div class="BRPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
        <div class="BRPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
          <hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;"/></div>

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                <div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold; color: #000000;">Item 2.02</span></div>
              </td>

    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: auto;">
                <div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">Results of Operation and Financial Condition.</span></span></div>
              </td>

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      </div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
      </div>

      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">On March 27, 2025, PDS Biotechnology Corporation (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) issued a press release announcing an update to its clinical
        programs and its financial results for the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company is furnishing a copy of the press release, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1.</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
      </div>

      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">In accordance with General Instruction B.2 of Form 8-K, the information set forth in this Current Report on Form 8-K (including
        Exhibit 99.1) is deemed to be &#8220;furnished&#8221; and shall not be deemed to be &#8220;filed&#8221; for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of the section, nor
        shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing made by the Company under the Exchange Act or Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such a filing.</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
      </div>

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                <div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold; color: #000000;">Item 9.01</span></div>
              </td>

    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: auto;">
                <div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Financial Statements and Exhibits.</span></span></div>
              </td>

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      <div style="text-align: left; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(d) Exhibits.</div>

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              <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 238); font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><a href="ef20046266_ex99-1.htm">99.1</a></div>
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    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Press Release dated March 27, 2025.</div>
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              <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">104</div>
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      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its
        behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</div>

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              <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">PDS BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION</div>
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              <div style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Date: March 27, 2025</div>
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                </span></div>
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    <td style="width: 65%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">&#160;<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">/s/ Frank Bedu-Addo, Ph.D.</span></span></td>

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              <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Name: Frank Bedu-Addo, Ph.D.</div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.1
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<FILENAME>ef20046266_ex99-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.1
<TEXT>
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    <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt;">Exhibit 99.1</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: right;"><br>
      <div style="text-align: left;">
        <div style="text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;"><img src="image01.jpg"></div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;">
          <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">PDS Biotech Reports Full Year 2024 Financial Results and Provides Clinical Programs Update</div>
        </div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
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        <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Initiated VERSATILE-003 Phase 3 Clinical Trial Evaluating Versamune<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">&#174;</sup> HPV in HPV16-Positive Head and Neck Cancer</div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </div>
        <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Conference call and webcast today at 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time</div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </div>
        <div>
          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">PRINCETON, N.J., March 27, 2025 -- PDS Biotechnology Corporation (Nasdaq: PDSB) (&#8220;PDS Biotech&#8221; or the &#8220;Company&#8221;), a late-stage immunotherapy company focused on
            transforming how the immune system targets and kills cancers, today provided a clinical programs update and reported financial results for the full year ended December 31, 2024.</div>
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          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8220;We are pleased with the progress made over the past year and in recent weeks, culminating with the initiation of our VERSATILE-003 Phase 3 clinical trial
            evaluating Versamune<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">&#174;</sup> HPV in recurrent/metastatic (&#8220;R/M&#8221;) HPV16-positive head and neck squamous carcinoma (&#8220;HNSCC&#8221;),&#8221; said Frank Bedu-Addo, PhD, President and Chief Executive Officer of PDS Biotech. &#8220;Patients with HPV16-positive
            HNSCC represent a large and rapidly growing subgroup in need of targeted therapies to treat the underlying cause of the cancer. Considering the strength and durability of the clinical responses observed in our VERSATILE-002 study, we are
            excited that this registrational trial is underway and are confident in the potential of our innovative combination therapy to improve patient outcomes and enhance the standard of care. In the coming weeks, we expect to continue activating
            additional clinical sites, and look forward to the progression of this registrational trial.&#8221;</div>
          <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </div>
          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Clinical Strategy Summary</div>
          <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </div>
        </div>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
                <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt;">
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">Phase 3 VERSATILE-003 Trial in HPV16-positive first-line recurrent and/or metastatic HNSCC</div>
                </td>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
                <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt;">
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Announced activation of the first site in March 2025</div>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
                <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt;">
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Trial designed to include approximately 350 patients</div>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
                <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt;">
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">PDS Biotech is aligned with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (&#8220;FDA&#8221;) on the design of the registrational trial and clinical endpoints.</div>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#9632;</td>
                <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt;">
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Two-arm controlled trial with 2:1 randomization</div>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#9632;</td>
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                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Median overall survival is primary endpoint</div>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#9632;</td>
                <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt;">
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Design based on strong and durable responses seen in the VERSATILE-002 trial</div>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#9632;</td>
                <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt;">
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Interim readouts included in study design</div>
                </td>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
                <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt;">
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The Company received Fast Track designation from the FDA for the combination of Versamune<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">&#174;</sup> HPV and pembrolizumab in R/M HNSCC.</div>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
                <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">For more information on VERSATILE-003, visit ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: <u>NCT06790966</u>)</div>
                </td>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
                <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">In March 2025, announced FDA Clearance of Investigational New Drug (&#8220;IND&#8221;) application for the combination of Versamune<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">&#174;</sup> MUC1 and PDS01ADC to treat MUC1-positive unresectable,
                    metastatic colorectal carcinoma.</div>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
                <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Phase 1/2 clinical trial evaluating the proprietary combination to be run under PDS Biotech&#8217;s Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with the National Cancer Institute</div>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
                <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Second Versamune<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">&#174;</sup> platform candidate targets MUC1-positive solid tumors</div>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
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                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">In October 2024, updated results from the IMMUNOCERV Phase 2 clinical trial in locally advanced cervical cancer patients treated with Versamune<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">&#174;</sup> HPV and chemoradiotherapy were
                    presented at the 66<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">th</sup> American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) Annual Meeting.</div>
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                <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
                <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt;">
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">In October 2024, the rationale and design of a recurrent prostate cancer trial combining Xtandi<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">&#174;</sup> + PDS01ADC vs. Xtandi<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">&#174;</sup> were presented at the 12<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">th</sup> Annual
                    Meeting of the International Cytokine and Interferon Society (Cytokines 2024).</div>
                </td>
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          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Full Year 2024 Financial Results</div>
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          </div>
          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2024, was approximately $37.6 million, or $1.03 per basic and diluted share, compared to a net loss of $42.9 million, or
            $1.39 per basic and diluted share, for the year ended December 31, 2023. The reduced net loss was primarily the result of decreased operating expenses, partially offset by increased net interest expense.</div>
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          </div>
          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Research and development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2024, were $22.6 million, compared to $27.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The
            decrease of $5.2 million was primarily attributable to decreases in clinical costs of $4.1 million, personnel costs of $1.0 million and professional fees of $0.1 million.</div>
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          </div>
          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2024, were $13.8 million, compared to $15.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The
            $1.5 million decrease was primarily attributable to decreases in professional fees of $1.3 million and facilities costs of $0.2 million.</div>
          <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </div>
          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Total operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2024, were $36.3 million, compared to $43.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.</div>
          <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </div>
          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Net interest expense was $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The change was due to
            increased debt interest and lower interest income on the Company&#8217;s cash balances.</div>
          <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </div>
          <div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;" class="BRPFPageBreakArea">
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          </div>
          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">On February 27, 2025, the Company announced an up to $22 million registered direct offering. The securities purchase agreements with new and existing healthcare
            focused institutional investors included $11 million of upfront gross proceeds, with up to an additional $11 million of aggregate gross proceeds upon cash exercise in full of warrants issued to the investors.</div>
          <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </div>
          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">The Company&#8217;s cash balance as of December 31, 2024, was $41.7 million.</div>
          <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </div>
          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Conference Details</div>
          <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </div>
          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Date: March 27, 2025</div>
        </div>
        <div>
          <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Time: 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time</div>
          <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Dial-in: 1-877-704-4453 (Domestic) or 1-201-389-0920 (International)</div>
        </div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;">
          <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Webcast Registration: <u>Click Here</u></div>
        </div>
        <div>
          <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Call Me</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><sup style="color: #000000; vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">TM</sup><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> Registration: </font><u>Click Here</u><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160; (Available 15 minutes prior to call)</font></font></div>
        </div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;">
          <div><br>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;">
          <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">About PDS Biotechnology</div>
        </div>
        <div>
          <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">PDS Biotechnology is a late-stage immunotherapy company focused on transforming how the immune system targets and kills cancers. The Company has
            initiated a pivotal clinical trial to advance its lead program in advanced HPV16-positive head and neck squamous cell cancers. PDS Biotech&#8217;s lead investigational targeted immunotherapy Versamune<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">&#174;</sup> HPV is being developed in combination
            with a standard-of-care immune checkpoint inhibitor, and in a triple combination including PDS01ADC, an IL-12 fused antibody drug conjugate (ADC), and a standard-of-care immune checkpoint inhibitor.</div>
          <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </div>
          <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">For more information, please visit </font><u><font style="font-size: 10pt;">www.pdsbiotech.com</font></u></div>
          <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;">
          <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">Forward Looking Statements</div>
        </div>
        <div>
          <div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">This communication contains forward-looking statements (including within the meaning of Section 21E of the United States Securities Exchange
            Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended) concerning PDS Biotechnology Corporation (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) and other matters. These statements may discuss goals, intentions and expectations as to
            future plans, trends, events, results of operations or financial condition, or otherwise, based on current beliefs of the Company&#8217;s management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management. Forward-looking
            statements generally include statements that are predictive in nature and depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, and include words such as &#8220;may,&#8221; &#8220;will,&#8221; &#8220;should,&#8221; &#8220;would,&#8221; &#8220;expect,&#8221; &#8220;anticipate,&#8221; &#8220;plan,&#8221; &#8220;likely,&#8221; &#8220;believe,&#8221;
            &#8220;estimate,&#8221; &#8220;project,&#8221; &#8220;intend,&#8221; &#8220;forecast,&#8221; &#8220;guidance&#8221;, &#8220;outlook&#8221; and other similar expressions among others. Forward-looking statements are based on current beliefs and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties and are not
            guarantees of future performance. Actual results could differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement as a result of various factors, including, without limitation: the Company&#8217;s ability to protect its intellectual
            property rights; the Company&#8217;s anticipated capital requirements, including the Company&#8217;s anticipated cash runway and the Company&#8217;s current expectations regarding its plans for future equity financings; the Company&#8217;s dependence on additional
            financing to fund its operations and complete the development and commercialization of its product candidates, and the risks that raising such additional capital may restrict the Company&#8217;s operations or require the Company to relinquish rights
            to the Company&#8217;s technologies or product candidates; the Company&#8217;s limited operating history in the Company&#8217;s current line of business, which makes it difficult to evaluate the Company&#8217;s prospects, the Company&#8217;s business plan or the likelihood
            of the Company&#8217;s successful implementation of such business plan; the timing for the Company or its partners to conduct clinical trials for Versamune&#174; HPV, PDS01ADC, Versamune&#174; MUC1 and other Versamune&#174; based product candidates; the future
            success of such trials; the successful implementation of the Company&#8217;s research and development programs and collaborations, including any collaboration studies concerning Versamune&#174; HPV, PDS01ADC, Versamune&#174; MUC1 and other Versamune&#174; based
            product candidates and the Company&#8217;s interpretation of the results and findings of such programs and collaborations and whether such results are sufficient to support the future success of the Company&#8217;s product candidates; the success, timing
            and cost of the Company&#8217;s ongoing clinical trials and anticipated clinical trials for the Company&#8217;s current product candidates, including statements regarding the timing of initiation, pace of enrollment and completion of the trials (including
            the Company&#8217;s ability to fully fund its disclosed clinical trials, which assumes no material changes to the Company&#8217;s currently projected expenses), futility analyses, presentations at conferences and data reported in an abstract, and receipt
            of interim or preliminary results (including, without limitation, any preclinical results or data), which are not necessarily indicative of the final results of the Company&#8217;s ongoing clinical trials; any Company statements about its
            understanding of product candidates mechanisms of action and interpretation of preclinical and early clinical results from its clinical development programs and any collaboration studies; the Company&#8217;s ability to continue as a going concern;
            and other factors, including legislative, regulatory, political and economic developments not within the Company&#8217;s control. The foregoing review of important factors that could cause actual events to differ from expectations should not be
            construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with statements that are included herein and elsewhere, including the other risks, uncertainties, and other factors described under &#8220;Risk Factors,&#8221; &#8220;Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis
            of Financial Condition and Results of Operations&#8221; and elsewhere in the documents we file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The forward-looking statements are made only as of the date of this press release and, except as required
            by applicable law, the Company undertakes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statement, or to make any other forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.&#8239;&#8239;</div>
          <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </div>
          <div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;" class="BRPFPageBreakArea">
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          </div>
          <div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Versamune&#174; is a registered trademark of PDS Biotechnology Corporation.</div>
        </div>
        <div>
          <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Xtandi&#174; is a registered trademark of Astellas Pharma, Inc.</div>
          <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;">
          <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">Investor Contact:</div>
        </div>
        <div>
          <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Mike Moyer</div>
          <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">LifeSci Advisors</div>
          <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Phone +1 (617) 308-4306</div>
          <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Email: </font><u><font style="font-size: 10pt;">mmoyer@lifesciadvisors.com</font></u></div>
          <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </div>
          <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Media Contact:</div>
          <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Janine McCargo</div>
          <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">6 Degrees</div>
          <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Phone +1 (646) 528-4034</div>
          <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Email: </font><u><font style="font-size: 10pt;">jmccargo@6degreespr.com</font></u></div>
        </div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </div>
        <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><u>---financial tables to follow---</u></div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </div>
        <div class="BRPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
          <div class="BRPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
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        </div>
        <div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 5.4pt; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">PDS BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY</div>
        <div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 5.4pt; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss</div>
        <div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 5.4pt; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Unaudited)</div>
        <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;" id="z6e3494b5ef5748bfa31bd4891b1ef2f8" class="cfttable">

            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" colspan="6">
                <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">Year Ended Dec 31,</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" colspan="2">
                <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;"> 2024</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" colspan="2">
                <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">2023</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Operating expenses:</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; margin-left: 9pt;">Research and development expenses</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">22,565,524</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">27,762,784</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; margin-left: 9pt;">General and administrative expenses</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">13,755,671</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">15,282,450</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Total operating expenses</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">36,321,195</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">43,045,234</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%;">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Loss from operations</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
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              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">
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              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
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              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
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              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)</div>
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              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%;">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
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              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Interest income (expense)</div>
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              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
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            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; margin-left: 9pt;">Interest income</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
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              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2,514,816</div>
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              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2,902,939</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; margin-left: 9pt;">Interest expense</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(4,673,174</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(4,205,922</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)</div>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Interest income (expense), net</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(2,158,358</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(1,302,983</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)</div>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
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            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Loss before income taxes</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(38,479,553</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(44,348,217</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)</div>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Benefit for income taxes</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">869,169</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1,406,019</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Net loss and comprehensive loss</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(37,610,384</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(42,942,198</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)</div>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Per share information:</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; font-size: 10pt; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
                <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Net loss per share, basic and diluted</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftnumcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(1.03</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftfncell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)</div>
              </td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftguttercell">&#160;</td>
              <td valign="bottom" style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" colspan="1" class="cftcurrcell">
                <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">$</div>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:title="EntityCentralIndexKey" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="EntityFileNumber" xlink:title="EntityFileNumber" />
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>pdsb-20250327_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.25.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 27, 2025</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Mar. 27,  2025<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-37568<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">PDS BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001472091<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">26-4231384<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">303A College Road East<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Princeton<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NJ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">08540<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">208-3343<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.00033 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">PDSB<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14a<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<FILENAME>0001140361-25-010575-xbrl.zip
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