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Marketable Securities | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2019
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract] |
MARKETABLE SECURITIES | MARKETABLE SECURITIES The Company invests in marketable debt securities in order to maximize its return on cash. Marketable securities consist of short-term cash investments, U.S. Treasury notes and bonds, corporate bonds and commercial paper. At the time of purchase, the Company classifies marketable securities as either trading securities or available-for-sale securities, depending on the intent at that time. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, marketable securities were comprised solely of trading securities. Trading securities are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recognized as a component of interest income in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company's fair value measurements follow the appropriate rules as well as the fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to develop the measurements. It applies whenever other guidance requires (or permits) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value and gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). A summary of the fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value into three broad levels is described below: Level 1 - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets. Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable. Level 3 - Significant inputs to the valuation model are unobservable. The Company's fair values of marketable securities are determined based on valuations provided by a third-party pricing service, as derived from such service's pricing models, and are considered either Level 1 or Level 2 measurements, depending on the nature of the investment. The Company has no marketable securities in which the fair value is determined based on Level 3 measurements. The level of management judgment required in evaluating fair value for Level 1 investments is minimal. Similarly, there is little subjectivity or judgment required for Level 2 investments valued using valuation models that are standard across the industry and whose parameter inputs are quoted in active markets. Inputs to the models may include, but are not limited to, reported trades, executable bid and ask prices, broker/dealer quotations, prices or yields of securities with similar characteristics, benchmark curves or information pertaining to the issuer, as well as industry and economic events. Based on the information available, the Company believes that the valuations provided by the third-party pricing service, as derived from such service's pricing models, are representative of prices that would be received to sell the assets at the measurement date (exit prices). There were no transfers of assets between levels within the fair value hierarchy. The following table summarizes the fair value of our marketable securities, by level within the fair value hierarchy, as of each period end:
| September 30, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  | December 31, 2018 |  |  |  |
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Total
U.S. Treasury notes and bonds | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,034,955 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,034,955 |
Corporate bonds | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,504,551 |  |  | 2,504,551 |
Commercial paper | — |  |  | 2,265,839 |  | 2,265,839 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Short-term cash investments | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 751,173 |  |  | 751,173 |
Total fair value of marketable securities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,265,839 |  |  | $ | 2,265,839 |  |  | $ | 5,034,955 |  |  | $ | 3,255,724 |  |  | $ | 8,290,679 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for investments in certain debt and equity securities. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 942 -SubTopic 320 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2209399 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 946 -SubTopic 320 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2324412 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2196928 Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 940 -SubTopic 320 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2176304 + Details
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