XML 31 R10.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
Note 3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies


Basis of Accounting


The financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The preparation of these financial statements requires our management to make estimates and assumptions about future events that effect the amounts reported in the financial statements and related notes. Future events and their effects cannot be determined with absolute certainty. Therefore, the determination of estimates requires the exercise of judgment. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect its more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of financial statements.


Principles of Consolidation


The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of PowerVerde, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, PowerVerde Systems, Inc. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.


Development Stage Company


The Company is a development stage company as defined in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 915, “Development Stage Entities”. The Company is devoting substantially all of its present efforts to establish a new business and none of its planned principal operations have commenced. All losses accumulated since inception has been considered as part of the Company’s development stage activities.


Cash Equivalents


For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash equivalents include money market accounts and any highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less. At December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company had cash equivalents in the amount of $7,530 and $15,646, respectively. The Company’s bank accounts are fully insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).


Inventories


Inventories, which consist of finished goods are stated at the lower of cost or market value, cost being determined using the first-in, first-out method. The Company records reserves for inventory shrinkage and obsolescence, when considered necessary. At December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company had no inventory.


Accounts Receivable


Accounts receivable consist of balances due from sales and royalties. The company monitors accounts receivable and provides allowances when considered necessary. At December 31, 2011, and December 31, 2010, accounts receivable were considered to be fully collectible. Accordingly, no allowance for doubtful accounts was provided.


Revenue Recognition


Sales revenues and associated cost of sales are recognized when title of the goods sold pass to the buyer, when shipped and when accounts receivable are determined to be reasonable collectable. Certain sales agreements also require installation and training by PowerVerde once goods are received and accepted by the customer.


Licensing and royalty revenue from royalty agreements is recognized in accordance with the terms of the specific agreement.


Property and Equipment


Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Expenditures for major betterments and additions are capitalized, while replacement, maintenance and repairs, which do not extend the lives of the respective assets, are expensed as incurred.


Stock-based Compensation


The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with ASC Topic 718 Share-Based Payments . The Company has used the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of stock options on the date of grant.


Common Stock Purchase Warrants


The Company accounts for common stock purchase warrants in accordance with ASC Topic 815- 40, Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (“ASC 815-40”). Based on the provisions of ASC 815- 40, the Company classifies as equity any contracts that (i) require physical settlement or net-share settlement, or (ii) gives the Company a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in its own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement). The Company classifies as assets or liabilities any contracts that (i) require net-cash settlement (including a requirement to net cash settle the contract if an event occurs and if that event is outside the control of the Company), or (ii) give the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement).


Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes


The Company applies the accounting standard regarding “Accounting for Uncertain Tax Positions” which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements, and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The standard also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.


Based on our evaluation, we have concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in our consolidated financial statements. Our evaluation was performed for the tax years ended December 31, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010, the tax years which remain subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions as of December 31, 2011.


We may from time to time be assessed interest or penalties by major tax jurisdictions, although any such assessments historically have been minimal and immaterial to our financial results. In the event we have received an assessment for interest and/or penalties, it has been classified in the consolidated financial statements as selling, general and administrative expense.


Research and Development Costs


The Company’s research and development costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. Such expenditures amounted to $994,619 and $169,665 for the year ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.


Earnings (Loss) Per Share


Earnings (loss) per share is computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share”. Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss), after deducting preferred stock dividends accumulated during the period, by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock, common stock equivalents and other potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period. Certain common stock equivalents were not included in the earnings (loss) per share calculation as their effect would be anti-dilutive. Warrants for 4,294,999 shares and options for 1,750,000 shares were excluded from weighted average common shares outstanding on a diluted basis.


Use of Estimates


The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.


Stockholders’ Equity


Shares of common stock issued for other than cash have been assigned amounts equivalent to the fair value of the service or assets received in exchange.


Financial Instruments and Fair Values


The fair value of a financial instrument represents the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale. Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based upon relevant market information about the financial instrument.


The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and other assets approximates fair value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.


The fair values of all other financial instruments, including debt, approximate their book values as the instruments are short-term in nature or contain market rates of interest.