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Note 3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2012
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of PowerVerde, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, PowerVerde Systems, Inc. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Development Stage Company The Company is a development stage company as defined in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 915, “Development Stage Entities”. The Company is devoting substantially all of its present efforts to establish a new business and none of its planned principal operations have commenced. All losses accumulated since inception has been considered as part of the Company’s development stage activities. Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable consist of balances due from sales and royalties. The Company monitors accounts receivable and provides allowances when considered necessary. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, accounts receivable were considered to be fully collectible. Accordingly, no allowance for doubtful accounts was provided. Revenue Recognition Sales revenues and associated cost of sales are recognized when title of the goods sold pass to the buyer, when shipped and when accounts receivable are determined to be reasonable collectable. Certain sales agreements also require installation and training by PowerVerde once goods are received and accepted by the customer. The Company does not consider these agreements multiple elements arrangements as defined by ASC 605-25“Revenue Recognition”, as the Company does not offer installation or training as services separate from the sale of its products at this time. Therefore, a “best estimate of selling price” or individual pricing in accordance with ASC 605-25 is undeterminable. The Company defers all revenues and costs of sales until the agreement is 100% complete. Licensing and royalty revenue from royalty agreements is recognized in accordance with the terms of the specific agreement. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Expenditures for major betterments and additions are capitalized, while replacement, maintenance and repairs, which do not extend the lives of the respective assets, are expensed as incurred. Intellectual Property and Goodwill The Company reviews intangible assets with finite lives for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company uses an estimate of the undiscounted cash flows over the remaining life of its long-lived assets, or related group of assets where applicable, in measuring whether the assets to be held and used will be realizable. In the event of impairment, the Company would discount the future cash flows using its then estimated incremental borrowing rate to estimate the amount of the impairment. The Company assesses goodwill for potential impairment at the end of each fiscal year, or during the year if an event or other circumstance indicates that the Company may not be able to recover the carrying amount of the asset. In evaluating goodwill for impairment, first qualitative factors are assessed to determine whether it is more likely than not (that is, a likelihood of more than 50 percent) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If it is concluded that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then no further testing of the goodwill assigned to the reporting unit is required. However, if it is concluded that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then a two-step goodwill impairment test is performed to identify potential goodwill impairment and measure the amount of goodwill impairment to be recognized, if any. In the first step of the review process, the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is compared with its carrying value. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, no further analysis is needed. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a second step of the review process is performed in order to calculate the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill in order to determine whether any impairment is required. The implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill is then calculated by allocating the estimated fair value of the reporting unit to all of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. If the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, the Company then recognizes an impairment loss for that excess amount. (see Note 7) Stock-based compensation The Company has accounted for stock-based compensation under the provisions of ASC Topic 718 – “Stock Compensation” which requires the use of the fair-value based method to determine compensation for all arrangements under which employees and others receive shares of stock or equity instruments (stock options and common stock purchase warrants). The fair value of each stock option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes valuation model that uses assumptions for expected volatility, expected dividends, expected term, and the risk-free interest rate. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of peer companies and other factors estimated over the expected term of the stock options. The expected term of options granted is derived using the “simplified method” which computes expected term as the average of the sum of the vesting term plus the contract term. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for the period of the expected term. Common Stock Purchase Warrants The Company accounts for common stock purchase warrants in accordance with ASC Topic 815- 40, “Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (“ASC 815-40”). Based on the provisions of ASC 815- 40, the Company classifies as equity any contracts that (i) require physical settlement or net-share settlement, or (ii) gives the Company a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in its own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement). The Company classifies as assets or liabilities any contracts that (i) require net-cash settlement including a requirement to net cash settle the contract if an event occurs and if that event is outside the control of the Company), or (ii) give the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement). Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes The Company follows the provisions of ASC Topic 740-10, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements, and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. This topic also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. Based on our evaluation, we have concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in our consolidated financial statements. Our evaluation was performed for the tax years ended December 31, 2009, 2010 and 2011, the tax years which remain subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions as of December 31, 2012. We may from time to time be assessed interest or penalties by major tax jurisdictions, although any such assessments historically have been minimal and immaterial to our financial results. In the event we have received an assessment for interest and/or penalties, it has been classified in the consolidated financial statements as general and administrative expense. Research and Development Costs The Company’s research and development costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. Such expenditures amounted to $1,321,214 and $994,619 for the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Earnings (Loss) Per Share Earnings (loss) per share is computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 260, “Earnings per Share”. Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss), after deducting preferred stock dividends accumulated during the period, by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock, common stock equivalents and other potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period. Certain common stock equivalents were not included in the earnings (loss) per share calculation as their effect would be anti-dilutive. Warrants exercisable for 6,050,999 shares and options for 2,750,000 shares were excluded from weighted average common shares outstanding on a diluted basis. Financial instruments The Company carries cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses at historical costs. The respective estimated fair values of these assets and liabilities approximate carrying values due to their current nature. The Company also carries notes payable to related parties at historical cost less discounts from warrants issued as loan financing costs. Fair value of financial assets and liabilities The Company measures the fair value of financial assets and liabilities in accordance with GAAP which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. GAAP defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. GAAP also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. GAAP describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value: Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities Level 2 – quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable Level 3 – inputs that are unobservable (for example cash flow modeling inputs based on assumptions) The Company generally does not use derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to cash-flow, market or foreign-currency risks. However, the Company has entered into certain other financial instruments and contracts, such as debt financing arrangements and freestanding warrants with features that are either (i) not afforded equity classification, (ii) embody risks not clearly and closely related to host contracts, or (iii) may be net-cash settled by the counterparty. These instruments are required to be carried as derivative liabilities, at fair value. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option valuation technique because it embodies all of the requisite assumptions (including trading volatility, estimated terms and risk free rates) necessary to measure the fair value of these instruments. Estimating fair values of derivative financial instruments requires the development of significant and subjective inputs that may, and are likely to, change over the duration of the instrument with related changes in internal and external market factors. In addition, option-based techniques are highly volatile and sensitive to changes in the Company’s trading market price and the trading market price of various peer companies, which have historically had high volatility. Since derivative financial instruments are initially and subsequently carried at fair value, the Company’s income will reflect the volatility in these estimate and assumption changes. The Company reports its derivative liabilities at fair value on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2012. There were no derivative liabilities as of December 31, 2011. Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6367646&loc=d3e18861-107790 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6367646&loc=d3e18743-107790 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6367646&loc=d3e18780-107790 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6367646&loc=d3e18854-107790 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6367646&loc=d3e18726-107790 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher AICPA -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB) -Number 22 -Paragraph 8 -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy. + Details
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