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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Dec. 31, 2017

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Summary of stock option activity and related information

A summary of our stock option activity and related information as of June 30, 2018 is as follows:

	Shares			Weighted average exercise price per share				Weighted average remaining contractual term (years)		Aggregate intrinsic value (in thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	5,745,815			$	7.28			8.32		$	43
Granted	1,179,877			0.96
Forfeited/Canceled	(1,529,717	)		5.90
Outstanding at June 30	5,395,975			6.28				8.05		1
Exercisable at June 30, 2018	2,576,138			10.88				6.96		1

A summary of our stock option activity and related information is as follows:

	Shares			Weighted average exercise price per share				Weighted average remaining contractual term (years)		Aggregate intrinsic value (in thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2016	4,611,392			$	14.42			8.23		$	45
Granted	4,386,856			1.51
Forfeited / Canceled	(3,252,433	)		9.63
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	5,745,815			7.28				8.32		43
Exercisable at December 31, 2017	2,370,335			13.37				7.08		42
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2017	5,745,815			7.28				8.32		43

Schedule of assumptions used to estimate fair value of each stock option

The fair value of each stock-based option award is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:

	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Risk-free interest rate	—		1.3% - 2.0%		2.7%		1.3% - 2.2%
Dividend yield	—		—		—		—
Volatility	—		89% - 109%		83% - 85%		89% - 109%
Expected term (years)			1.8 - 6.9		6.1		1.8 - 6.9

The fair value of each stock option is estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using the following assumptions:

	December 31,
	2017		2016		2015
Risk-free interest rate	1.3%-2.2%		1.3%-2.0%		1.6%-2.3%
Dividend yield	—		—		—
Volatility	87%-109%		78%-89%		72%-78%
Expected term (years)	2.0-6.9		5.3-9.9		5.3-9.9

Schedule of restricted stock unit activity

A summary of our restricted stock unit ("RSU") activity and related information is as follows:

	Shares			Weighted average grant date fair value
Outstanding at December 31, 2016	50,000			$	7.15
Granted	—			—
Vested	—			—
Forfeited	(50,000	)		7.15
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	—			$	—

Summary of awards

The following table summarizes the December 9, 2014 award.

Award Type	Number of RSUs Granted			Grant Date Fair Value				RSUs Vested as of December 31, 2015
Service-based	30,902			$	32.36			15,450
Performance-based - Year 1	11,588			$	43.47			4,635
Performance-based - Year 2	11,588			$	—			—

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Tabular disclosure of the changes in outstanding nonvested shares.

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-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(2)
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Tabular disclosure for stock option plans. Includes, but is not limited to, outstanding awards at beginning and end of year, grants, exercises, forfeitures, and weighted-average grant date fair value.

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-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (d)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=96867065&loc=d3e5070-113901

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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Tabular disclosure of the significant assumptions used during the year to estimate the fair value of stock options, including, but not limited to: (a) expected term of share options and similar instruments, (b) expected volatility of the entity's shares, (c) expected dividends, (d) risk-free rate(s), and (e) discount for post-vesting restrictions.

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Disclosure of the number and weighted-average grant date fair value for restricted stock and restricted stock units that were outstanding at the beginning and end of the year, and the number of restricted stock and restricted stock units that were granted, vested, or forfeited during the year.

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