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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 9 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | NOTE 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Management's Use of Estimates The preparation of condensed financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist of cash. The Company's cash is held by one financial institution in the United States. Amounts on deposit may at times exceed federally insured limits. Management believes that the financial institution is financially sound, and accordingly, minimal credit risk exists with respect to the financial institution. As of June 30, 2020, the Company did have deposits in excess of federally insured amounts by $3,601,479. Common Stock Valuation The Company has been utilizing pricing as quoted on the OTC Market as the basis for the fair value of the Company's common stock since September 30, 2019. Prior to September 30, 2019, the Company utilized methodologies in accordance with the framework of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Technical Practice Aid, Valuation of Privately-Held Company Equity Securities Issued as Compensation, to estimate the fair value of its common stock (the "AICPA Valuation Framework"). The valuation methodology included estimates and assumptions that required the Company's judgment. These estimates and assumptions included a number of objective and subjective factors, including external market conditions affecting the biotechnology industry sector, and the likelihood of achieving a liquidity event, such as an offering or sale. Significant changes to the key assumptions used in the valuations would result in different fair values of common stock at each of those valuation dates. The fair value the Company's common stock is used as an input into the fair value determination of instruments recorded at fair value and stock option or other equity awards that the Company has issued. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company's accounting for fair value measurements of assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the condensed financial statements on a recurring or nonrecurring basis adheres to the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to measurements involving significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
● | Level 1 Inputs: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities accessible to the Company at the measurement date.
● | Level 2 Inputs: Other than quoted prices included in Level 1 inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
● | Level 3 Inputs: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.
As of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, the fair values of cash, prepaid, other assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximated their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these assets or liabilities. The fair value of the convertible notes outstanding during the three and nine month period ended June 30, 2020 were based on both the fair value of our common stock, discount associated with the embedded redemption features, and cash flow models discounted at current implied market rates evidenced in recent arms-length transactions representing expected returns by market participants for similar instruments and are based on Level 3 inputs. The estimated fair value of the convertible promissory notes of the Company that were outstanding during fiscal year ended June 30, 2019 were based on amortized cost which was deemed to approximate fair value. The fair value of the warrant liability and the premium conversion derivatives associated with the convertible promissory notes outstanding during fiscal 2019 were based on both the estimated fair value of our common stock and cash flow models discounted at the then current implied market rates evidenced in arms-length transactions representing expected returns by market participants for similar instruments during that period and were based on Level 3 inputs. There were no transfers between fair value hierarchy levels during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. The fair value of financial instruments measured on a recurring basis is as follows:
|  | As of June 30, 2020 |
Description |  | Total |  |  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Convertible Notes |  | $ | 6,727,569 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 6,727,569 |
Total liabilities at fair value |  | $ | 6,727,569 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 6,727,569 |
The following table provides a roll-forward of the convertible notes, warrant liability and premium debt conversion derivatives measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable level 3 inputs for the nine month periods ended June 30 as follows:
|  | 2020 |
Convertible notes |  |  |
Balance as of beginning of period – September 30, 2019 |  | $ | — |
Fair value attributed to convertible promissory notes upon issuance |  |  | 13,974,358 |
Fair value attributed to note extinguishment |  |  | 2,017,847 |
Conversion of convertible promissory notes to common stock |  |  | (8,088,951 | )
Change in fair value including accrued interest |  |  | (1,175,685 | )
Balance as of end of period – June 30, 2020 |  | $ | 6,727,569 |
|  | 2019 |
Warrant liability |  |  |
Balance as of beginning of period – September 30, 2018 |  | $ | 817,155 |
Change in fair value of warrant liability |  |  | 18,568 |
Reclassification to equity upon conversion of convertible promissory notes |  |  | (835,723 | )
Balance as of end of period – June 30, 2019 |  | $ | — |
|  | 2019 |
Premium debt conversion derivatives |  |  |
Balance as of beginning of period – September 30, 2018 |  | $ | 308,395 |
Change in fair value of premium debt conversion derivatives |  |  | 111,195 |
Reclassification to equity upon conversion of convertible promissory notes |  |  | (419,590 | )
Balance as of end of period – June 30, 2019 |  | $ | — |
Intellectual Property The Company has entered into two licensing agreements with major research institutions, which allows for access to certain patented technology and know-how. Payments under those agreements are capitalized and amortized to general and administrative expense over the expected useful life of the acquired technology. Property and Equipment Property and equipment is recorded at cost and reduced by accumulated depreciation. Depreciation expense is recognized over the estimated useful lives of the assets using the straight-line method. The estimated useful life for equipment and furniture ranges from three to seven years and three years for software. Tangible assets acquired for research and development activities and that have alternative use are capitalized over the useful life of the acquired asset. Estimated useful lives are periodically reviewed, and, when appropriate, changes are made prospectively. Software purchased for internal use consists primarily of amounts paid for perpetual licenses to third-party software providers and installation costs. When certain events or changes in operating conditions occur, asset lives may be adjusted and an impairment assessment may be performed on the recoverability of the carrying amounts. Maintenance and repairs are charged directly to expense as incurred. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company evaluates its long-lived assets, which consist of licensed intellectual property and property and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of these assets may not be recoverable. The Company assesses the recoverability of long-lived assets by determining whether or not the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the asset is considered to be impaired, the amount of any impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying value and the fair value of the impaired asset. Debt Issuance Costs Debt issuance costs are recorded as a reduction of the convertible promissory notes when applicable. Amortization of debt issuance costs is calculated using the straight-line method over the term of the convertible promissory notes, which approximates the effective interest method, and is recorded in interest expense in the accompanying condensed statements of operations. Research and Development Costs Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred. Research and development expenses may include costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including clinical trial costs, manufacturing costs for both clinical and pre-clinical materials as well as other contracted services, license fees, and other external costs. Nonrefundable advance payments for goods and services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity is performed or when the goods have been received, rather than when payment is made, in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 730, Research and Development. Lastly, de minimis income from the sale of prototype products and related materials is offset against research and development expenses. Warrant Liability The Company issued warrants to purchase equity securities in connection with the issuance or amendment of the convertible promissory notes. The Company accounts for these warrants as a liability at fair value when the number of shares is not fixed and determinable. Additionally, issuance costs associated with the warrant liability are expensed as incurred and reflected as interest expense in the accompanying condensed statements of operations. The Company adjusts the liability for changes in fair value until the earlier of the exercise or expiration of the warrants for any period when pricing protections in future equity financings remain in place, or until such time, if any, as the number of shares to be exercised becomes fixed, at which point the warrants will be classified in stockholders' (deficit) equity provided that there are sufficient authorized and unissued shares of common stock to settle the warrants and redeem any other contracts that may require settlement in shares of common stock. Any future change in fair value of the warrant liability, when outstanding, is recognized in the condensed statements of operations. Premium Debt Conversion Derivatives The Company evaluates all conversion and redemption features contained in a debt instrument to determine if there are any embedded derivatives that require separation from the host debt instrument. An embedded derivative that requires separation is bifurcated from its host debt instrument and a corresponding discount to the host debt instrument is recorded. The discount is amortized and recorded to interest expense over the term of the host debt instrument using the straight-line method which approximates the effective interest method. The separated embedded derivative is accounted for separately on a fair market value basis. The Company records the fair value changes of a separated embedded derivative at each reporting period in the condensed statements of operations based on the fair value of its common stock and cash flow models discounted at current implied market rates evidenced in recent arms-length transactions representing expected returns by market participants for similar instruments and are based on Level 3 inputs. Income Taxes For the Company, income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax base and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. Net Loss Per Share For the Company, basic loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings or loss per share of common stock is computed similarly to basic earnings or loss per share except the weighted average shares outstanding are increased to include additional shares from the assumed exercise of any common stock equivalents, if dilutive. The Company's convertible promissory notes, warrants, stock options and restricted stock units while outstanding are considered common stock equivalents for this purpose. Diluted earnings is computed utilizing the treasury method for the warrants, stock options and restricted stock units. Diluted earnings with respect to the convertible promissory utilize the if-converted method. No incremental common stock equivalents were included in calculating diluted loss per share because such inclusion would be anti-dilutive given the net loss reported for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. The following potential common shares were not considered in the computation of diluted net loss per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Warrants |  |  | 10,170,588 |  |  |  | 6,836,813 |
Stock options |  |  | 1,438,485 |  |  |  | 865,277 |
Restricted stock units |  |  | 110,834 |  |  |  | 42,018 |
Convertible notes |  |  | 4,395,695 |  |  |  | — |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) and subsequently amended the guidance relating largely to transition considerations under the standard in January 2017 and July 2018. The objective of this update is to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those annual periods. The Company adopted the new standard on October 1, 2019 and did not have a material impact on the Company's statements of comprehensive loss or statements of cash flows for agreements in place as of the adoption date. As such, the Company did not restate comparative periods and did not recognize any cumulative adjustment to retained earnings on the date of the adoption. The Company elected the short-term lease expedient upon adoption of the standard. See NOTE 4 – Commitments and Contingencies with regard to a new operating lease that commenced after the adoption date on November 1, 2019. In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, Earnings Per Share, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity and Derivatives and Hedging, which changes the accounting and earnings per share for certain instruments with down round features. The amendments in this ASU should be applied using a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the beginning of the fiscal year or retrospective adjustment to each period presented and is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 for public business entities, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted the new guidance on October 1, 2019, and the new guidance did not have an impact on the Company's financial statements as of the adoption date. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (ASU 2018-13). The new guidance modifies the disclosure requirements in Topic 820 as follows:
| ● | Removals: the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; the policy for timing of transfers between levels; and the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements.
| ● | Modifications: for investments in certain entities that calculate net asset value, an entity is required to disclose the timing of liquidation of an investee's assets and the date when restrictions from redemption might lapse only if the investee has communicated the timing to the entity or announced the timing publicly; and the amendments clarify that the measurement uncertainty disclosure is to communicate information about the uncertainty in measurement as of the reporting date.
| ● | Additions: the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period; and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements.
This guidance is effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should all be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. Early adoption is permitted. An entity is permitted to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of ASU 2018-13 and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective date. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance and does not expect that it will have a material impact on its financial statements. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740) which amends the existing guidance relating to the accounting for income taxes. This ASU is intended to simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles of accounting for income taxes and to improve the consistent application of GAAP for other areas of accounting for income taxes by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this new guidance will have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

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