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Income Taxes
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6 Months Ended |
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Jun. 30, 2011
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| Income Taxes [Abstract] | |
| Income Taxes |
8. Income Taxes
The Company’s income tax provision for interim periods is calculated by applying
its estimated annual effective tax rate on ordinary income before taxes to year-to-date
ordinary book income before taxes . The income tax effects of any extraordinary,
significant unusual or infrequent items not included in ordinary book income are
determined separately and recognized in the period in which the items arise.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, the Company recorded an
income tax provision of $2.0 million and an income tax benefit of $0.1 million,
respectively, resulting in effective tax rates of 32.9% and 1.5%, respectively. During
the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, the Company recorded an income tax
provision of $1.0 million and $2.1 million, respectively, resulting in effective tax
rates of 54.4% and 66.1%, respectively. These effective tax rates differ from the
Federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to the effects of valuation allowances
associated with foreign losses, state income taxes, foreign income taxes, nondeductible
expenses such as certain stock compensation and meals and entertainment, unrecognized
tax benefits, and changes in statutory tax rates which took effect during the year.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, certain shares related to
restricted stock awards vested at times when the Company’s stock price was
substantially lower than the fair value of those shares at the time of grant. As a
result, the income tax deduction related to such shares is less than the expense
previously recognized for book purposes. Such shortfalls reduce additional paid-in
capital to the extent windfall tax benefits have been previously recognized. However,
as described below, the Company has not yet recognized windfall tax benefits because
these tax benefits have not resulted in a reduction of current taxes payable.
Therefore, the impact of these shortfalls totaling $0.1 million and $0.3 million has
been included in income tax expense for the three and six months June 30, 2010,
respectively. There was no comparative amount for the three and six months ended June
30, 2011.
The exercise of certain stock options and the vesting of certain restricted stock
awards during the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, generated income
tax deductions equal to the excess of the fair market value over the exercise price or
grant date fair value, as applicable. The Company will not recognize a deferred tax
asset with respect to the excess of tax over
book stock compensation deductions until
the tax deductions actually reduce its current taxes payable. As such, the Company has
not recorded a deferred tax asset in the accompanying consolidated financial statements
related to the additional net operating losses generated from the windfall tax
deductions associated with the exercise of these stock options and the vesting of
restricted stock awards. If and when the Company utilizes these net operating losses to
reduce income taxes payable, the tax benefit will be recorded as an increase in
additional paid-in capital.
As of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company had a valuation allowance
related to the deferred tax asset for the value of the auction rate securities and the
deferred tax assets of the foreign subsidiaries (primarily net operating loss
carryforwards), that are in their start-up phases. Management will continue to evaluate
the Company’s deferred tax position of its U.S. and foreign companies throughout 2011
to determine the appropriate level of valuation allowance required against its deferred
tax assets.
As of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company had unrecognized tax
benefits of approximately $2.4 million. The Company recognizes accrued interest and
penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. As of June 30,
2011 and December 31, 2010, the amount of accrued interest and penalties on
unrecognized tax benefits was approximately $0.8 million.
The Company or one of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S.
Federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. For income tax
returns filed by the Company, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. Federal
examinations by tax authorities for years before 2007 or state and local examinations
by tax authorities for years before 2006 although tax attribute carryforwards generated
prior to these years may still be adjusted upon examination by tax authorities.
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