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Fair Value Measurements | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value Measurements | 12. Fair Value Measurements The carrying amounts of certain financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate their respective fair values due to the short-term nature of such instruments. Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis The Company evaluates its financial assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements on a recurring basis to determine the appropriate level in which to classify them for each reporting period, pursuant to the policy described in Note 2. This determination requires significant judgments to be made. The following table summarizes the conclusions reached as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 for financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
|  |  |  |  | Fair Value Hierarchy Classification |
|  | Balance |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash |  | $ | 3,441 |  |  | $ | 3,441 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Restricted cash |  |  | 544 |  |  |  | 544 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Money market funds |  |  | 12,610 |  |  |  | 12,610 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total assets |  | $ | 16,595 |  |  | $ | 16,595 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Warrant liabilities |  | $ | 7,998 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 7,998 |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 7,998 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 7,998 |
December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash |  | $ | 767 |  |  | $ | 767 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Restricted cash |  |  | 543 |  |  |  | 543 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Money market funds |  |  | 33,283 |  |  |  | 33,283 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total assets |  | $ | 34,593 |  |  | $ | 34,593 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Warrant liabilities |  | $ | 21,810 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 21,810 |
Derivative liability |  |  | 196 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 196 |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 22,006 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 22,006 |
The Company measures cash equivalents at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of cash equivalents is determined based on “Level 1” inputs, which consist of quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. As of December 31, 2024, the cash and cash equivalents of $16.1 million and the restricted cash balances of $0.4 million and $0.1 million within short and long term on the balance sheet, respectively, sum to the total of $16.6 million as shown in the statement of cash flows. As of December 31, 2023, the cash and cash equivalents of $34.1 million and the restricted cash balances of $0.4 million and $0.2 million within short and long term on the balance sheet, respectively, sum to the total of $34.6 million as shown in the statement of cash flows. Level 3 financial liabilities consist of the warrant liabilities for which there is no current market such that the determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation. Changes in fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are analyzed each period based on changes in estimates or assumptions and recorded as appropriate. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option valuation model to value the Level 3 warrant liabilities at inception and on subsequent valuation dates. This model incorporates transaction details such as the Company’s stock price, contractual terms, maturity, risk free rates, as well as volatility. The unobservable input for all of the Level 3 warrant liabilities includes volatility. The historical and implied volatility of the Company, using its closing common stock prices and market data, is utilized to reflect future volatility over the expected term of the warrants. At December 31, 2024, the Level 3 volatility utilized in the Black-Scholes model to fair value the warrant liability was 83.4%. At December 31, 2023, the range and weighted average of the Level 3 volatilities utilized in the Black-Scholes model to fair value the warrant liabilities were 87.2% to 91.0% and 87.2%, respectively. The Company uses the binomial lattice valuation model to value the Level 3 derivative liabilities at inception and on subsequent valuation dates. This model incorporates transaction details such as the Company’s stock price, contractual terms, dividend yield, risk-free rate, historical volatility, credit rating, market credit spread, and estimated effective yield. The unobservable inputs associated with the Level 3 derivative liability are adjusted equity volatility, market credit spread, and estimated yield. As of December 31, 2023, these inputs were 99.6%, 1,159 basis points, and 16.3%, respectively. The senior convertible notes are initially fair valued using the binomial lattice model and with the straight debt fair value calculated using the discounted cash flow method. The residual difference represents the fair value of the embedded derivative liability and the fair value of the embedded derivative liabilities are reassessed using the binomial lattice valuation model on a quarterly basis. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) is as follows (in thousands):
|  |  | Warrant Liabilities |
Balance – January 1, 2024 |  |  | $ | 21,810 |
Gain adjustment to fair value |  |  |  | (13,812 | )
Balance – December 31, 2024 |  |  | $ | 7,998 |
|  |  | Derivative Liability |
Balance – January 1, 2024 |  |  | $ | 196 |
Gain adjustment to fair value |  |  |  | (196 | )
Balance – December 31, 2024 |  |  | $ | — |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 107 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 100 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(3) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2E -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (f) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (d) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (g) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 940 -SubTopic 820 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1 + Details
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