XML 29 R12.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT

Research and development expenses

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Research and development expenses

Research and development expenses

5. Research and development expenses

Research and development expenses include the following categories:


		For the Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)		2022			2021			2020
Pre-clinical and clinical trial expenses		$	28,178		$	14,188		$	11,325
Personnel-related expenses			6,150			4,955			2,276
Research and development activities expenses			2,241			1,843			1,022
Share-based compensation expense			1,975			788			232
Facilities and other research and development expenses			1,546			814			643
VUmc and other license expenses			15			14,357			203
		$	40,105		$	36,945		$	15,701

Refer to Note 22 for additional information about VUmc license expenses. Government grants, which are a reduction of payroll taxes in the Netherlands, amounted to $1.6 million in 2022, $1.7 million in 2021, and $1.0 million in 2020. These amounts are an offset to wages and salaries that are part of our research and development expenses in the income statement. The increase in the respective periods was primarily due to increased research activities in the Netherlands.