<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-23-071426.txt : 20230615
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<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20230615084536
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-23-071426
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		19
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20230614
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Material Modifications to Rights of Security Holders
ITEM INFORMATION:		Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
ITEM INFORMATION:		Regulation FD Disclosure
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20230615
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20230615

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			ClearSign Technologies Corp
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001434524
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	INDUSTRIAL INSTRUMENTS FOR MEASUREMENT, DISPLAY, AND CONTROL [3823]
		IRS NUMBER:				000000000
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			WA
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-35521
		FILM NUMBER:		231016054

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		8023 E. 63RD PLACE, SUITE 101
		CITY:			TULSA
		STATE:			OK
		ZIP:			74133
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(918) 236-6461

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		8023 E. 63RD PLACE, SUITE 101
		CITY:			TULSA
		STATE:			OK
		ZIP:			74133

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	CLEARSIGN COMBUSTION CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20080507
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 18pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Securities Exchange Act of 1934</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Date of report (Date of earliest event reported):
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Exact name of registrant as specified in Charter)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Address of Principal Executive Offices)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Issuer Telephone number)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended
to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the Registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2 below).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="text-align: justify"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; width: 32%; padding-top: 0.25pt; padding-right: 0.25pt; padding-left: 0.25pt; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Trading Symbol(s)</b></span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth
company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant
has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant
to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. <span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Delaware Reincorporation </span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">As previously reported, at
the annual meeting of shareholders of ClearSign Technologies Corporation (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) held on June 6, 2023 (the &#8220;Annual
Meeting&#8221;), the Company&#8217;s shareholders approved the proposed conversion of the Company from a Washington corporation to a Delaware
corporation (the &#8220;Reincorporation&#8221;) by means of a plan of conversion (the &#8220;Plan of Conversion&#8221;), as described
in the Company&#8217;s definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A for the Annual Meeting filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on April 25, 2023 (the &#8220;Proxy Statement&#8221;). In connection with the Reincorporation, the Company filed on June 14, 2023 (the
&#8220;Effective Date&#8221;) a certificate of incorporation (the &#8220;Certificate of Incorporation&#8221;) and a certificate of conversion
(the &#8220;Certificate of Conversion&#8221;) with the Delaware Secretary of State and adopted new bylaws (the &#8220;Bylaws&#8221;),
and filed articles of entity conversion (the &#8220;Articles of Conversion&#8221;) with the Washington Secretary of State. The Plan of
Conversion, Certificate of Conversion, Articles of Conversion, Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws are each attached hereto as Exhibits
2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4, respectively, to this Current Report on Form 8-K and are incorporated herein by reference.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">As of the Effective Date:
(i) the Company&#8217;s domicile changed from the State of Washington to the State of Delaware; (ii) the affairs of the Company ceased
to be governed by the Revised Code of Washington and the Company&#8217;s existing certificate of incorporation and bylaws, and instead
became governed by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the &#8220;DGCL&#8221;), and the Certificate of Incorporation
and Bylaws; (iii) each outstanding share of the Company&#8217;s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the &#8220;Common Stock&#8221;),
automatically converted into one share of Common Stock of the Company incorporated in Delaware upon completion of the Reincorporation
(the &#8220;Converted Entity&#8221;); (iv) the number of shares of Common Stock and preferred stock that the Company is authorized to
issue remained the same upon completion of the Reincorporation; and (v) the Company&#8217;s employee benefit and incentive plans continued,
and each equity option, equity award or other right of the Company from before the Reincorporation and issued under such plans automatically
converted into an option, equity award or right to purchase or receive the same number of shares of Common Stock of the Converted Entity,
at the same price per share, upon the same terms and subject to the same conditions as before the Reincorporation.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Reincorporation did not
result in any change in the business, physical location, management, assets, liabilities or net worth of the Company, nor did it result
in any change in location of the Company&#8217;s current employees, including management. The Reincorporation did not affect any of the
Company&#8217;s material contracts with any third parties, and the Company&#8217;s rights and obligations under those material contractual
arrangements and will continue to be the rights and obligations of the Company after the Reincorporation. The daily business operations
of the Company will continue as they were conducted prior to the Reincorporation. The consolidated financial condition and results of
operations of the Company immediately after consummation of the Reincorporation remain the same as immediately before the Reincorporation.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Certain rights of the Company&#8217;s
stockholders were changed as a result of the Reincorporation. A more detailed description of the Plan of Conversion, Certificate of Incorporation
and Bylaws and the effects of the Reincorporation are set forth in Proposal 4 of the Proxy Statement, and the description contained therein
is incorporated herein by reference.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 13%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item 3.03.</b></span></td>
    <td style="width: 87%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Material Modification to Rights of Security Holders.</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">To the extent required, the
information set forth in Item 1.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated by reference herein.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 13%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item 5.03.</b></span></td>
    <td style="width: 87%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">To the extent required, the
information set forth in Item 1.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated by reference herein.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 13%; text-align: left"><b>Item 7.01.</b></td><td style="text-align: justify; width: 87%"><b>Regulation FD Disclosure.</b></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white">A
copy of the Company&#8217;s press release announcing the Reincorporation, as described in Item 1.01 above, is being furnished as Exhibit
99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K. The information in this Item 7.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K, including Exhibit 99.1,
shall not be deemed to be &#8220;filed&#8221; for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise
subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in any such filing.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 13%; text-align: left"><b>Item 9.01.</b></td><td style="text-align: justify; width: 87%"><b>Financial Statements and Exhibits.</b></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 11%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline">Exhibit No.</span></b></span></td>
    <td style="width: 89%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline">Description</span></b></span></td></tr>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td><a href="tm2318661d1_ex2-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.1</span></a></td>
    <td><a href="tm2318661d1_ex2-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: blue"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Plan of Conversion dated June 14, 2023</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">.</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td><a href="tm2318661d1_ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.1</span></a></td>
    <td><a href="tm2318661d1_ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: blue"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Certificate of Conversion, as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on June 14, 2023.</span></span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td><a href="tm2318661d1_ex3-2.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.2</span></a></td>
    <td><a href="tm2318661d1_ex3-2.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: blue"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Articles of Conversion, as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Washington on June 14, 2023.</span></span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td><a href="tm2318661d1_ex3-3.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.3</span></a></td>
    <td><a href="tm2318661d1_ex3-3.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: blue">Certificate of Incorporation of ClearSign Technologies Corporation, a Delaware corporation</span><span style="font-size: 10pt">.</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td><a href="tm2318661d1_ex3-4.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.4</span></a></td>
    <td><a href="tm2318661d1_ex3-4.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: blue">Bylaws of ClearSign Technologies Corporation, a Delaware corporation</span><span style="font-size: 10pt">.</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td><a href="tm2318661d1_ex99-1.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">99.1</span></a></td>
    <td><a href="tm2318661d1_ex99-1.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Press Release dated June 15, 2023.</span></a></td></tr>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">104</span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 13.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"></p>

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<p style="font: 13.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 6.9pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><b>SIGNATURE</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white">Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Current Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned
hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">Dated: June 15, 2023</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>CLEARSIGN TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 50%; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 45%; text-align: center">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/ Colin James Deller</span></td></tr>
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Colin James Deller</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Executive Officer</span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 153.6pt 0pt 0.05in; background-color: white">&#160;&#160;</p>

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<TYPE>EX-2.1
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<FILENAME>tm2318661d1_ex2-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 2.1
<TEXT>
<HTML>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 2.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PLAN OF CONVERSION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>of</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CLEARSIGN TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(<I>a Washington corporation</I>)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">to</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CLEARSIGN TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(<I>a Delaware corporation</I>)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">This PLAN OF CONVERSION,
dated as of June 14, 2023 (including all of the exhibits attached hereto, this &ldquo;<U>Plan</U>&rdquo;), is hereby adopted by CLEARSIGN
TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION, a Washington corporation (the &ldquo;<U>Company</U>&rdquo;), in order to set forth the terms, conditions and
procedures governing the conversion of the Company from a Washington corporation to a Delaware corporation pursuant to &sect;23B.09.020
et. seq. of the Revised Code of Washington, as amended (the &ldquo;<U>RCW</U>&rdquo;) and &sect;265 of the General Corporation Law of
the State of Delaware, as amended (the &ldquo;<U>DGCL</U>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>RECITALS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><B>WHEREAS</B>, the Company
is a corporation established and existing under the laws of the State of Washington;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><B>WHEREAS</B>, the conversion
of a Washington corporation into a Delaware corporation is permitted under &sect;23B.09.020 et. seq. of the RCW and &sect;265 of the DGCL;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><B>WHEREAS</B>, the Company&rsquo;s
board of directors have determined that it is advisable, fair and in the best interest of the Company and its shareholders to enter into
this Plan and pursuant thereto, convert the Company from a Washington corporation to a Delaware corporation, in accordance with &sect;23B.09.020
et. seq. of the RCW and &sect;265 of the DGCL and have recommended to the shareholders that they approve this Plan;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><B>WHEREAS</B>, the requisite
amount of the Company&rsquo;s shareholders have accepted the recommendation of the Company&rsquo;s board of directors and have determined
that it is advisable and in the best interests of the Company to enter into this Plan and pursuant thereto, convert the Company from a
Washington corporation to a Delaware corporation, in accordance with &sect;23B.09.020 et. seq. of the RCW and &sect;265 of the DGCL</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><B>WHEREAS</B>, the form,
terms, conditions and provisions of this Plan have been duly authorized, approved and adopted by the Company&rsquo;s board of directors
and the requisite amount of the Company&rsquo;s shareholders, in accordance with &sect;23B.09.020 et. seq. of the RCW and &sect;265 of
the DGCL.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><B>NOW,</B>&nbsp;<B>THEREFORE</B>,
the Company hereby adopts this Plan as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <TD STYLE="width: 3%; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 89%; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Conversion; Effect of Conversion</U>.</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;At
the Effective Time (as defined in Section 3 below), the Company shall be converted from a Washington corporation to a Delaware corporation
pursuant to &sect;23B.09.010 et. seq. of the RCW and &sect;265 of the DGCL (the &ldquo;<U>Conversion</U>&rdquo;) and the Company, as converted
to a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;<U>Converted Company</U>&rdquo;), shall thereafter be subject to all of the provisions of the DGCL,
except that notwithstanding Section 106 of the DGCL, the existence of the Converted Company shall be deemed to have commenced on the date
the Company commenced its existence in the State of Washington (January 23, 2008). The Company shall not be required to wind up its affairs
or pay its liabilities and distribute its assets, and the Conversion shall not be deemed a dissolution of the Company. The Conversion
otherwise shall have the effects specified in the RCW and DGCL.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;At
the Effective Time, by virtue of the Conversion and without any further action on the part of the Company or its stockholders, the Converted
Company shall, for all purposes of the laws of the State of Delaware, be deemed to be the same entity as the Company. At the Effective
Time, by virtue of the Conversion and without any further action on the part of the Company or its stockholders, for all purposes of the
laws of the State of Delaware, all of the rights, privileges and powers of the Company, and all property, real, personal and mixed, and
all debts due to the Company, as well as all other things and causes of action belonging to the Company, shall remain vested in the Converted
Company and shall be the property of the Converted Company and the title to any real property vested by deed or otherwise in the Company
shall not revert or be in any way impaired by reason of the Conversion; but all rights of creditors and all liens upon any property of
the Company shall be preserved unimpaired, and all debts, liabilities and duties of the Company shall remain attached to the Converted
Company at the Effective Time, and may be enforced against the Converted Company to the same extent as if said debts, liabilities and
duties had originally been incurred or contracted by the Converted Company in its capacity as a corporation of the State of Delaware.
The rights, privileges, powers and interests in property of the Company, as well as the debts, liabilities and duties of the Company,
shall not be deemed, as a consequence of the Conversion, to have been transferred to the Converted Company at the Effective Time for any
purpose of the laws of the State of Delaware.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">(c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The
Conversion shall not be deemed to affect any obligations or liabilities of the Company incurred prior to the Conversion or the personal
liability of any person incurred prior to the Conversion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 78.5pt">(d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;At
the Effective Time, the name of the Converted Company shall be:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 78.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ClearSign Technologies Corporation</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">(e)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The
Company intends for the Conversion to constitute a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1)(F) of the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986, as amended, and for this Plan to constitute a &ldquo;plan of reorganization&rdquo; within the meaning of Treasury Regulation
Section 1.368-2(g).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Filings</U>.
As promptly as practicable following the date hereof, the Company shall cause the following to occur in order to effect the Conversion:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;execute
and file (or cause to be executed and filed) a Certificate of Conversion pursuant to &sect;103 and &sect;265 of the DGCL in the form attached
hereto as&nbsp;<B>Exhibit A</B>&nbsp;(the &ldquo;<U>Delaware Certificate of Conversion</U>&rdquo;) with the Secretary of State of the
State of Delaware; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;execute
and file (or cause to be executed and filed) a Certificate of Incorporation of&nbsp;<B>ClearSign Technologies Corporation</B>, that complies
with the DGCL, in the form attached hereto as&nbsp;<B>Exhibit B</B>&nbsp;(the &ldquo;<U>Delaware Certificate of Incorporation</U>&rdquo;)
with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">(c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;execute
and file (or cause to be executed and filed) a Cover Sheet for Conversion of Business Entity attaching the required documents that complies
with the RCW, in a form reasonably acceptable to any officer of the Company (the &ldquo;<U>WA Conversion Documents</U>&rdquo;) with the
Secretary of State of the State of Washington.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 78.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Effective
Time</U>. The Conversion shall become effective upon the filing and effectiveness of the (a) Delaware Certificate of Conversion and (b)
Delaware Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the time of the effectiveness of the Conversion,
the &ldquo;<U>Effective Time</U>&rdquo;). As promptly as practicable thereafter, the Company shall cause the filing of the WA Conversion
Documents with the Secretary of State of the State of Washington.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Effect
of Conversion on Common Stock</U>. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Plan, at the Effective Time, by virtue of the
Conversion and without any further action on the part of the Company or its stockholders, each share of the issued common stock, par value
$0.0001 per share, of the Company (the &ldquo;<U>Company&rsquo;s Common Stock</U>&rdquo;) shall convert at a ratio of 1 to 1 (the &ldquo;<U>Common
Conversion Ratio</U>&rdquo;) into one validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share,
of the Converted Company (the &ldquo;<U>Converted Company&rsquo;s Common Stock</U>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">5.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Effect
of Conversion on Preferred Stock</U>. There are no shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">6.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Effect
of Conversion on Stock Certificates</U>. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Plan, at the Effective Time, all of the
outstanding certificates that immediately prior to the Effective Time represented shares of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock immediately
prior to the Effective Time shall be automatically cancelled, without any action on the part of the holder of the Company, and a replacement
certificate representing the same number of shares of the Converted Company&rsquo;s Common Stock, shall be issued in its place, such certificate
shall display the Converted Company&rsquo;s name, corporate seal and state of incorporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">7.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Further
Assurances</U>. If, at any time after the Effective Time, the Converted Company shall determine or be advised that any deeds, bills of
sale, assignments, agreements, documents or assurances or any other acts or things are necessary, desirable or proper, consistent with
the terms of this Plan, (a) to vest, perfect or confirm, of record or otherwise, in the Converted Company its right, title or interest
in, to or under any of the rights, privileges, immunities, powers, purposes, franchises, properties or assets of the Company, or (b) to
otherwise carry out the purposes of this Plan, the Converted Company, its officers and directors and the designees of its officers and
directors, are hereby authorized to solicit in the name of the Converted Company any third-party consents or other documents required
to be delivered by any third-party, to execute and deliver, in the name and on behalf of the Converted Company all such deeds, bills of
sale, assignments, agreements, documents and assurances and do, in the name and on behalf of the Converted Company, all such other acts
and things necessary, desirable or proper to vest, perfect or confirm its right, title or interest in, to or under any of the rights,
privileges, immunities, powers, purposes, franchises, properties or assets of the Company and otherwise to carry out the purposes of this
Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">8.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Effect
of Conversion on Directors and Officers</U>. The officers and directors of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be
the same officers and directors of the Converted Company immediately after the Effective Time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">9.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Delaware
Bylaws</U>. To the fullest extent permitted by law, at the Effective Time, the bylaws of the Converted Company shall be substantially
in the form attached hereto as&nbsp;<B>Exhibit C</B>&nbsp;(the &ldquo;<U>Delaware Bylaws</U>&rdquo;), and the Converted Company&rsquo;s
board of directors shall approve and ratify the Delaware Bylaws as promptly as practicable following the Effective Time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">10.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Amendment</U>.
Subject to applicable law, this Plan may be amended, supplemented or modified at any time by the Company or the Converted Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">11.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Termination</U>.
At any time prior to the Effective Time, this Plan may be terminated and the transactions contemplated hereby may be abandoned by action
of the board of directors of the Company if, in the opinion of the board of directors of the Company, such action would be in the best
interests of the Company and its shareholders. In the event of termination of this Plan, this Plan shall become void and of no effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">12.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Facsimile
Signatures</U>. This Plan may be executed by facsimile or electronic signature.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">13.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Third
Party Beneficiaries</U>. This Plan shall not confer any rights or remedies upon any person other than as expressly provided herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">14.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Severability</U>.
Whenever possible, each provision of this Plan will be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but
if any provision of this Plan is held to be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision will be ineffective only to
the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of this Plan; provided that the provisions of Section
1 are material to the Plan and are not severable if found to be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">15.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Governing
Law</U>. This Plan shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to the conflict
of law provisions thereof, except with respect to provisions of this Plan relating to the internal laws of the State of Washington and
the process of converting from a Washington corporation to a foreign corporation thereunder, which shall be construed in accordance with
and governed by the laws of the State of Washington.</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[<I>The remainder of this page has been intentionally
left blank</I>]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>IN WITNESS WHEREOF</B>, the Company has caused this Plan of Conversion
to be duly executed by Colin James Deller, its duly authorized executive officer, to be effective as of the date first above written.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 24.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>CLEARSIGN TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>a Washington corporation</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/ Colin James Deller&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Colin James Deller</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Chief Executive Officer</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-3.1
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>tm2318661d1_ex3-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 3.1
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 3.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CERTIFICATE OF CONVERSION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>OF</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CLEARSIGN TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(<I>a Washington corporation</I>)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">to</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CLEARSIGN TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(<I>a Delaware corporation</I>)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>_______________________________________</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><I>Pursuant to Section 265 of the Delaware General
Corporation Law</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The jurisdiction where the non-Delaware Corporation first formed is:&nbsp;<U>Washington</U>.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The jurisdiction immediately prior to filing this Certificate of Conversion is:&nbsp;<U>Washington</U>.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The date the non-Delaware Corporation first formed is:&nbsp;<U>January 23, 2008</U>.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The name of the non-Delaware Corporation immediately prior to filing this Certificate of Conversion is:&nbsp;<U>ClearSign Technologies Corporation.</U></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The name of the Corporation as set forth in the attached Certificate of Incorporation is:&nbsp;<U>ClearSign Technologies Corporation.</U></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned,
being duly authorized to sign on behalf of the converting non-Delaware Corporation has executed this Certificate of Conversion on the
14<SUP>th</SUP> day of June, 2023.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>CLEARSIGN TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION</B>,</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>a Washington corporation</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/ Colin James Deller&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;Colin James Deller</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;Chief Executive Officer</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-3.2
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>tm2318661d1_ex3-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 3.2
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 3.2</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLES OF ENTITY CONVERSION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>OF</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CLEARSIGN TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(<I>a Washington corporation</I>)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">to</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CLEARSIGN TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(<I>a Delaware corporation</I>)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>_______________________________________</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Revised
Code of Washington (&ldquo;<U>RCW</U>&rdquo;), the undersigned corporation hereby executes the following Articles of Entity Conversion:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">1.</TD><TD><B>Name of Entity</B>.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;The name of the converted entity is ClearSign Technologies Corporation, a Washington corporation (the &ldquo;<U>Converted
Entity</U>&rdquo;). The Converted Entity will be converted into a Delaware corporation. The name of the entity upon conversion is ClearSign
Technologies Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;<U>Surviving Entity</U>&rdquo;).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">2.</TD><TD><B>Service of Process</B>.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;The Surviving Entity consents to service of process pursuant to RCW 23.95.450 in a proceeding to enforce
any obligation or the rights of dissenting shareholders of the Converted Entity. The Converted Entity&rsquo;s registered office address
is 2140 South Dupont Hwy, Camden, DE 19934. The name of the Converted Entity&rsquo;s registered agent at such address is Parasec.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">3.</TD><TD><B>Plan of Conversion</B>.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;The Plan of Conversion dated as of June 14, 2023, incorporated herein by this reference, sets forth
the terms by which the Converted Entity will convert into the Surviving Entity (the &ldquo;<U>Plan of Conversion</U>&rdquo;).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">4.</TD><TD><B>Approval of the Plan.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B>The Plan of Conversion was duly approved by the shareholders of the Converted Entity pursuant to RCW
23B.09.030.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">5.</TD><TD><B>Adoption of Plan</B>.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;The Plan of Conversion was duly adopted by all of the members of the board of directors of the Converted
Entity, as required by the governing statute of the Converted Entity, Chapter 23B.09 RCW.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">6.</TD><TD><B>Effective Date</B>.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;The conversion shall be effective upon filing of these Articles of Conversion with the Secretary of State
of the State of Washington.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>CLEARSIGN TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>a Washington corporation</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/ Colin James Deller</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Colin James Deller</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Chief Executive Officer</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0in"></P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-3.3
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>tm2318661d1_ex3-3.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 3.3
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit&nbsp;3.3</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION<BR>
OF<BR>
CLEARSIGN TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The undersigned, a corporation organized and existing
under the laws of the State of Delaware adopts the following Certificate of Incorporation:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;I.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The name of the corporation is ClearSign Technologies
Corporation (the &#8220;<U>Corporation</U>&#8221;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;II.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The address of the Corporation&#8217;s registered office in the State
of Delaware is 2140 South Dupont Hwy, Camden, DE 19934, and the name of the Corporation&#8217;s registered agent at such address is Parasec.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;III</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in
any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as it now
exists or may hereafter be amended and supplemented (the &#8220;<U>DGCL</U>&#8221;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;IV</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The total number of shares of capital stock that
the Corporation shall have authority to issue is up to 64,500,000 shares, consisting of: (i)&nbsp;62,500,000 shares of common stock, having
a par value of $0.0001 per share (the &#8220;<U>Common Stock</U>&#8221;); and (ii)&nbsp;2,000,000 shares of preferred stock, having a
par value of $0.0001 per share (the &#8220;<U>Preferred Stock</U>&#8221;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;V</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The designations and the powers, privileges and
rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof in respect of each class of capital stock of the Corporation are as
follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.&nbsp;<U>Common Stock</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(a)&nbsp;<U>General</U>.
The voting, dividend, liquidation and other rights and powers of the Common Stock are subject to and qualified by the rights, powers and
preferences of any series of Preferred Stock as may be designated by the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the &#8220;<U>Board of
Directors</U>&#8221;) and outstanding from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(b)&nbsp;<U>Voting</U>. Except
as otherwise provided herein or expressly required by law, each holder of Common Stock, as such, shall be entitled to vote on each matter
submitted to a vote of stockholders and shall be entitled to one (1)&nbsp;vote for each share of Common Stock held of record by such holder
as of the record date for determining stockholders entitled to vote on such matter. Except as otherwise required by law, holders of the
Common Stock, as such, shall not be entitled to vote on any amendment to this Certificate of Incorporation (including any Certificate
of Designation (as defined below)) that relates solely to the rights, powers, preferences (or the qualifications, limitations or restrictions
thereof) or other terms of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either
separately or together with the holders of one or more other such series, to vote thereon pursuant to this Certificate of Incorporation
(including any Certificate of Designation) or pursuant to the DGCL.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Subject to the rights of any holders of any outstanding
series of Preferred Stock, the number of authorized shares of Common Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of
shares thereof then outstanding) by the</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">affirmative vote of the holders of a majority
of the stock of the Corporation entitled to vote, irrespective of the provisions of Section&nbsp;242(b)(2)&nbsp;of the DGCL.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Except as otherwise required in this Certificate
of Incorporation or by applicable law, if any holders of Preferred Stock are entitled to vote together with the holders of Common Stock,
such holders of Preferred Stock shall vote together with the holders of Common Stock as a single class.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Dividends</U>.
Subject to applicable law and the rights and preferences of any holders of any outstanding series of Preferred Stock, the holders of Common
Stock, as such, shall be entitled to the payment of dividends on the Common Stock when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors in
accordance with applicable law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(d)&nbsp;<U>Liquidation</U>.
Subject to the rights and preferences of any holders of any shares of any outstanding series of Preferred Stock, in the event of any liquidation,
dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, the funds and assets of the Corporation that may be legally
distributed to the Corporation&#8217;s stockholders shall be distributed among the holders of the then outstanding Common Stock pro rata
in accordance with the number of shares of Common Stock held by each such holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(e)&nbsp;<U>Merger,
Consolidation, Tender or Exchange Offer</U>. All shares of the Common Stock shall, as among each other, have the same rights and
privileges and rank equally, share ratably and be identical in all respects as to all matters. Without limiting the generality of
the foregoing, (1)&nbsp;in the event of a merger, consolidation or other business combination requiring the approval of the holders
of the Corporation&#8217;s capital stock entitled to vote thereon (whether or not the Corporation is the surviving entity), the
holders of Common Stock shall receive the same form of consideration, if any, and at least the same amount of consideration, if any,
on a per share basis, and (2)&nbsp;in the event of (a)&nbsp;any tender or exchange offer to acquire any shares of Common Stock by
any third party pursuant to an agreement to which the Corporation is a party or (b)&nbsp;any tender or exchange offer by the
Corporation to acquire any shares of Common Stock, pursuant to the terms of the applicable tender or exchange offer, the holders of
Common Stock shall be entitled to receive the same form of consideration, if any, and at least the same amount of consideration, if
any, on a per share basis.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(f)&nbsp;<U>Transfer Rights</U>.
Subject to applicable law and the transfer restrictions set forth in Article&nbsp;VII of the bylaws of the Corporation (as such bylaws
may be amended from time to time, the &#8220;<U>Bylaws</U>&#8221;), shares of Common Stock and the rights and obligations associated therewith
shall be fully transferable to any transferee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">(g)&nbsp;<U>Preemptive Rights</U>. No preemptive
rights shall exist with respect to shares of stock or securities convertible into shares of stock of this Corporation, except to the extent
provided by written agreement with the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">2.&nbsp;<U>Preferred Stock</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>General</U>. Shares
of Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series, each of such series to have such terms as stated or expressed
herein and in the resolution or resolutions providing for the creation and issuance of such series adopted by the Board of Directors as
hereinafter provided.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Issuances</U>.
Authority is hereby expressly granted to the Board of Directors from time to time to issue the Preferred Stock in one or more series,
and in connection with the creation of any such series, by adopting a resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of the shares
thereof and by filing a certificate of designation relating thereto in accordance with the DGCL (a &#8220;Certificate of Designation&#8221;),
to determine and fix the number of shares of such series and such voting powers, full or limited, or no voting powers, and such designations,
preferences and relative participating, optional or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including
without limitation thereof, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences, and to increase or
decrease (but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding) the number of shares of any series as shall be stated and
expressed in such resolutions, all to the fullest extent now or hereafter permitted by the DGCL. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the resolution or resolutions providing for the creation and issuance of any series of Preferred Stock may provide that such
series shall be superior or rank equally or be junior to any other series of Preferred Stock to the extent permitted by law and this Certificate
of Incorporation (including any Certificate of Designation). Except as otherwise required by law, holders of any series of Preferred Stock
shall be entitled only to such voting rights, if any, as shall expressly be granted thereto by this Certificate of Incorporation (including
any Certificate of Designation).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Authorized Shares</U>.
The number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding)
by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the stock of the Corporation entitled to vote, irrespective of the provisions
of Section&nbsp;242(b)(2)&nbsp;of the DGCL.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;VI</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">The provisions
of this&nbsp;Article&nbsp;VI&nbsp;are inserted for the management of the business and the conduct of the affairs of the Corporation, and
for further definition, limitation and regulation of the powers of the Corporation and of its Directors and stockholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">1.&nbsp;<U>Authority; Number of Directors</U>.
Except as otherwise expressly provided by the DGCL or this Certificate of Incorporation, the business and affairs of the Corporation shall
be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors. The number of directors that shall constitute the whole Board of Directors
shall be fixed exclusively by one or more resolutions adopted from time to time by the Board of Directors in accordance with the Bylaws.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">2.&nbsp;<U>Term</U>. Each Director shall hold
office until the next annual election and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, or until his or her earlier death,
resignation or removal.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">3.&nbsp;<U>Removal</U>. Subject to the special
rights of the holders of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock to elect directors, the Board of Directors or any individual
director may be removed from office at any time, with or without cause, and only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a
majority of the voting power of all of the then outstanding shares of voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at an election
of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">4.&nbsp;<U>Vacancies</U>. Subject to the special
rights of the holders of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock to elect directors, except as otherwise provided by law, any
vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation, disqualification, retirement, removal or other causes and any newly
created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors shall be filled exclusively by the affirmative vote of a
majority of the directors then in office, even though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director (other than any directors elected
by the separate vote of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock), and shall not be filled by the stockholders. Any director
appointed in accordance with the preceding sentence shall hold office until the expiration of the term or until his or her earlier death,
resignation, retirement, disqualification, or removal.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">5.&nbsp;<U>Special Voting Rights</U>. Whenever
the holders of any one or more series of Preferred Stock issued by the Corporation shall have the right, voting separately as a series
or separately as a class with one or more such other series, to elect directors at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, the election,
term of office, removal and other features of such directorships shall be governed by the terms of this Certificate of Incorporation (including
any Certificate of Designation). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article&nbsp;VI, the number of directors that may be
elected by the holders of any such series of Preferred Stock shall be in addition to the number fixed pursuant to paragraph 1 of this
Article&nbsp;VI, and the total number of directors constituting the whole Board of Directors shall be automatically adjusted accordingly.
Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Designation(s)&nbsp;in respect of one or more series of Preferred Stock, whenever the
holders of any series of Preferred Stock having such right to elect additional directors are divested of such right pursuant to the provisions
of such Certificate of Designation(s), the terms of office of all such additional directors elected by the holders of such series of Preferred
Stock, or elected to fill any vacancies resulting from the death, resignation, disqualification or removal of such additional directors,
shall forthwith terminate (in which case each such director thereupon shall cease to be qualified as, and shall cease to be, a director)
and the total authorized number of directors of the Corporation shall automatically be reduced accordingly.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">6.&nbsp;<U>Powers</U>. In furtherance and not
in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws,
subject to the power of the stockholders of the Corporation entitled to vote with respect thereto to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws.
The stockholders of the Corporation shall also have the power to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws; provided, that in addition to any
vote of the holders of any class or series of stock of the Corporation required by applicable law or by this Certificate of Incorporation
(including any Certificate of Designation in respect of one or more series of Preferred Stock) or the Bylaws of the Corporation, the adoption,
amendment or repeal of the Bylaws of the Corporation by the stockholders of the Corporation shall require the affirmative vote of the
holders of at least two-thirds (66 and 2/3%) of the voting power of all of the then outstanding shares of voting stock of the Corporation
entitled to vote generally in an election of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">7.&nbsp;<U>Election of Directors by Ballot</U>.
The directors of the Corporation need not be elected by written ballot unless the Bylaws so provide.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;VII</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">1.&nbsp;<U>Special Meeting</U>. Subject to the
rights, if any, of the holders of any outstanding series of the Preferred Stock, and to the requirements of applicable law, special meetings
of stockholders of the Corporation may be called only by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation,
or the Board of Directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the Board of the Directors, and, except to the extent otherwise
provided in the Bylaws, the ability of any other person or persons, including the stockholders, to call a special meeting is hereby specifically
denied. Any such special meeting so called may be postponed, rescheduled or cancelled by the Board of Directors or other person calling
the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;Notwithstanding Article&nbsp;VII(1),
any action required or permitted to be taken by the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, if any, voting separately as a series or
separately as a class with one or more other such series, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, to
the extent expressly so provided by the applicable Certificate of Designation relating to such series of Preferred Stock, if a consent
or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding shares of the relevant series
of Preferred Stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting
at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and shall be delivered to the Corporation in accordance with the applicable
provisions of the DGCL.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">2.&nbsp;<U>Stockholder Nominations</U>. Advance
notice of stockholder nominations for the election of directors and of other business proposed to be brought by stockholders before any
meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation shall be given in the manner provided in the Bylaws. Any business transacted at any special
meeting of stockholders shall be limited to matters relating to the purpose or purposes identified in the notice of meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;VIII</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">No director of the Corporation shall have any
personal liability to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except
to the extent such exemption from liability or limitation thereof is not permitted under the DGCL as the same exists or hereafter may
be amended. Any amendment, repeal or modification of this Article&nbsp;VIII, or the adoption of any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation
of the Corporation inconsistent with this Article&nbsp;VIII, shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation
with respect to any act or omission occurring prior to such amendment, repeal, modification or adoption. If the DGCL is amended after
approval by the stockholders of this Article&nbsp;VIII to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability
of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the
DGCL as so amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;IX</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">1.&nbsp;<U>Section&nbsp;203 of the DGCL</U>. The
Corporation hereby expressly elects not to be governed by Section&nbsp;203 of the DGCL, and instead the provisions of Article&nbsp;XIII(B)-(D)&nbsp;below
shall apply, for so long as the Corporation&#8217;s Common Stock is registered under Section&nbsp;12(b)&nbsp;or 12(g)&nbsp;of the Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;<U>Exchange Act</U>&#8221;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">2.&nbsp;<U>Interested Stockholders</U>. The Corporation
shall not engage in any business combination with any interested stockholder (as defined below) for a period of three (3)&nbsp;years following
the time that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(a)&nbsp;prior to such time,
the Board of Directors approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested
stockholder;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(b)&nbsp;upon consummation
of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least eighty
five percent (85%) of the voting stock (as defined below) of the Corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding
for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder) those
shares owned by (i)&nbsp;persons who are directors and also officers and (ii)&nbsp;employee stock plans in which employee participants
do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer;
or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(c)&nbsp;at or subsequent
to such time, the business combination is approved by the Board of Directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders,
and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least sixty six and two-thirds percent (66 and 2/3%) of the outstanding voting
stock of the Corporation which is not owned by the interested stockholder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">3.&nbsp;<U>Exceptions</U>. The restrictions contained
in the foregoing Article&nbsp;IX(2)&nbsp;shall not apply if:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(a)&nbsp;a stockholder becomes
an interested stockholder inadvertently and (i)&nbsp;as soon as practicable divests itself of ownership of sufficient shares so that the
stockholder ceases to be an interested stockholder and (ii)&nbsp;would not, at any time, within the three-year period immediately prior
to the business combination between the Corporation and such stockholder, have been an interested stockholder but for the inadvertent
acquisition of ownership; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(b)&nbsp;the business combination
is proposed prior to the consummation or abandonment of and subsequent to the earlier of the public announcement or the notice required
hereunder of a proposed transaction which (i)&nbsp;constitutes one of the transactions described in the second sentence of this Article&nbsp;XIII(C)(2),
(ii)&nbsp;is with or by a person who either was not an interested stockholder during the previous three (3)&nbsp;years or who became an
interested stockholder with the approval of the Board of Directors and (iii)&nbsp;is approved by a majority of the directors then in office
(but not less than one) who were directors prior to any person becoming an interested stockholder during the previous three (3)&nbsp;years
or were recommended for election or elected to succeed such directors by a majority of such directors. The proposed transactions referred
to in the preceding sentence are limited to (x)&nbsp;a merger or consolidation of the Corporation (except for a merger in respect of which,
pursuant to Section&nbsp;251(f)&nbsp;of the DGCL, no vote of the stockholders of the Corporation is required), (y)&nbsp;a sale, lease,
exchange, mortgage, whether as part of a dissolution or otherwise, of assets of the Corporation or of any direct or indirect majority-owned
subsidiary of the Corporation (other than to any direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary or to the Corporation) having an aggregate
market value equal to fifty percent (50%) or more of either that aggregate market value of all the assets of the Corporation determined
on a consolidated basis or the aggregate market value of all the outstanding stock of the Corporation or (z)&nbsp;a proposed tender or
exchange offer for fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding voting stock of the Corporation. The Corporation shall give not less
than twenty (20) days&#8217; notice to all interested stockholders prior to the consummation of any of the transactions described in clause
(x)&nbsp;or (y)&nbsp;of the second sentence of this Article&nbsp;VIII(C)(2).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">4.&nbsp;<U>Definitions</U>. For purposes of this
Article&nbsp;XIII, references to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(1)&nbsp;&#8220;<U>affiliate</U>&#8221;
means a person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control
with, another person.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(2)&nbsp;&#8220;<U>associate</U>,&#8221;
when used to indicate a relationship with any person, means: (i)&nbsp;any corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other
entity of which such person is a director, officer or partner or is, directly or indirectly, the owner of twenty percent (20%) or more
of the voting power thereof; (ii)&nbsp;any trust or other estate in which such person has at least a twenty percent (20%) beneficial interest
or as to which such person serves as trustee or in a similar fiduciary capacity; and (iii)&nbsp;any relative or spouse of such person,
or any relative of such spouse, who has the same residence as such person.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(3)&nbsp;&#8220;<U>business
combination</U>,&#8221; when used in reference to the Corporation and any interested stockholder of the Corporation, means:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">a. any merger or consolidation
of the Corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation (a)&nbsp;with the interested stockholder, or
(b)&nbsp;with any other corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity if the merger or consolidation is caused
by the interested stockholder and as a result of such merger or consolidation subsection (B)&nbsp;of this Article&nbsp;VIII is not applicable
to the surviving entity;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">b. any sale, lease, exchange,
mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition (in one transaction or a series of transactions), except proportionately as a stockholder
of the Corporation, to or with the interested stockholder, whether as part of a dissolution or otherwise, of assets of the Corporation
or of any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation which assets have an aggregate market value equal to ten percent
(10%) or more of either the aggregate market value of all the assets of the Corporation determined on a consolidated basis or the aggregate
market value of all the outstanding stock of the Corporation;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">c. any transaction which results
in the issuance or transfer by the Corporation or by any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation of any stock
of the Corporation or of such subsidiary to the interested stockholder, except: (i)&nbsp;pursuant to the exercise, exchange or conversion
of securities exercisable for, exchangeable for or convertible into stock of the Corporation or any such subsidiary which securities were
outstanding prior to the time that the interested stockholder became such; (ii)&nbsp;pursuant to a merger under Section&nbsp;251(g)&nbsp;of
the DGCL; (iii)&nbsp;pursuant to a dividend or distribution paid or made, or the exercise, exchange or conversion of securities exercisable
for, exchangeable for or convertible into stock of the Corporation or any such subsidiary which security is distributed, pro rata to all
holders of a class or series of stock of the Corporation subsequent to the time the interested stockholder became such; (iv)&nbsp;pursuant
to an exchange offer by the Corporation to purchase stock made on the same terms to all holders of said stock; or (v)&nbsp;any issuance
or transfer of stock by the Corporation; provided, however, that in no case under items (iii)&nbsp;through (v)&nbsp;of this subsection
shall there be an increase in the interested stockholder&#8217;s proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the Corporation
or of the voting stock of the Corporation (except as a result of immaterial changes due to fractional share adjustments);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">d. any transaction involving
the Corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation which has the effect, directly or indirectly, of
increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series, or securities convertible into the stock of any class or series,
of the Corporation or of any such subsidiary which is owned by the interested stockholder, except as a result of immaterial changes due
to fractional share adjustments or as a result of any purchase or redemption of any shares of stock not caused, directly or indirectly,
by the interested stockholder; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">e. any receipt by the interested
stockholder of the benefit, directly or indirectly (except proportionately as a stockholder of the Corporation), of any loans, advances,
guarantees, pledges, or other financial benefits (other than those expressly permitted in subsections (a)&nbsp;through (d)&nbsp;above)
provided by or through the Corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(4)&nbsp;&#8220;<U>control</U>,&#8221;
including the terms &#8220;<U>controlling</U>,&#8221; &#8220;<U>controlled by</U>&#8221; and &#8220;<U>under common control
with</U>,&#8221; means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and
policies of a person, whether through the ownership of voting stock, by contract, or otherwise. A person who is the owner of twenty
percent (20%) or more of the outstanding voting stock of a corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity
shall be presumed to have control of such entity, in the absence of proof by a preponderance of the evidence to the contrary.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a presumption of control shall not apply where such person holds voting stock, in good faith and not
for the purpose of circumventing this subsection (D)&nbsp;of Article&nbsp;VIII, as an agent, bank, broker, nominee, custodian or
trustee for one or more owners who do not individually or as a group have control of such entity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(5)&nbsp;&#8220;<U>interested
stockholder</U>&#8221; means any person (other than the Corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation)
that (i)&nbsp;is the owner of fifteen percent (15%) or more of the outstanding voting stock of the Corporation, or (ii)&nbsp;is an affiliate
or associate of the Corporation and was the owner of fifteen percent (15%) or more of the outstanding voting stock of the Corporation
at any time within the three year period immediately prior to the date on which it is sought to be determined whether such person is an
interested stockholder; and the affiliates and associates of such person; but &#8220;interested stockholder&#8221; shall not include (a)&nbsp;any
Stockholder Party, any Stockholder Party Direct Transferee, any Stockholder Party Indirect Transferee or any of their respective affiliates
or successors or any &#8220;group,&#8221; or any member of any such group, to which such persons are a party under Rule&nbsp;13d-5 of
the Exchange Act, or (b)&nbsp;any person whose ownership of shares in excess of the fifteen percent (15%) limitation set forth herein
is the result of any action taken solely by the Corporation; provided, further, that in the case of clause (b)&nbsp;such person shall
be an interested stockholder if thereafter such person acquires additional shares of voting stock of the Corporation, except as a result
of further corporate action not caused, directly or indirectly, by such person. For the purpose of determining whether a person is an
interested stockholder, the voting stock of the Corporation deemed to be outstanding shall include stock deemed to be owned by the person
through application of the definition of &#8220;owner&#8221; below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(6)&nbsp;&#8220;<U>owner</U>,&#8221;
including the terms &#8220;own&#8221; and &#8220;owned,&#8221; when used with respect to any stock, means a person that individually or
with or through any of its affiliates or associates:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">a. beneficially owns such stock,
directly or indirectly;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">b. has (i)&nbsp;the right to
acquire such stock (whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time) pursuant to any agreement, arrangement
or understanding, or upon the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, warrants or options, or otherwise; provided, however, that
a person shall not be deemed the owner of stock tendered pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made by such person or any of such person&#8217;s
affiliates or associates until such tendered stock is accepted for purchase or exchange; or (ii)&nbsp;the right to vote such stock pursuant
to any agreement, arrangement or understanding; provided, however, that a person shall not be deemed the owner of any stock because of
such person&#8217;s right to vote such stock if the agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote such stock arises solely from a revocable
proxy or consent given in response to a proxy or consent solicitation made to 10 or more persons; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">c. has any agreement, arrangement
or understanding for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting (except voting pursuant to a revocable proxy or consent as described in
item (ii)&nbsp;of subsection (b)&nbsp;above), or disposing of such stock with any other person that beneficially owns, or whose affiliates
or associates beneficially own, directly or indirectly, such stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(7)&nbsp;&#8220;<U>person</U>&#8221;
means any individual, corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(8)&nbsp;&#8220;<U>stock</U>&#8221;
means, with respect to any corporation, capital stock and, with respect to any other entity, any equity interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(9)&nbsp;&#8220;<U>Stockholder
Party Direct Transferee</U>&#8221; means any person that acquires (other than in a registered public offering) directly from any Stockholder
Party or any of its successors or any &#8220;group,&#8221; or any member of any such group, of which such persons are a party under Rule&nbsp;13d-5
of the Exchange Act beneficial ownership of fifteen percent (15%) or more of the then outstanding voting stock of the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(10)&nbsp;&#8220;<U>Stockholder
Party Indirect Transferee</U>&#8221; means any person that acquires (other than in a registered public offering) directly from any Stockholder
Party Direct Transferee or any other Stockholder Party Indirect Transferee beneficial ownership of fifteen percent (15%) or more of the
then outstanding voting stock of the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">(11) &#8220;<U>voting stock</U>&#8221;
means stock of any class or series entitled to vote generally in the election of directors and, with respect to any entity that is not
a corporation, any equity interest entitled to vote generally in the election of the governing body of such entity. Every reference to
a percentage of voting stock shall be calculated on the basis of the aggregate number of votes applicable to all shares of such voting
stock, and by allocating to each share of voting stock, that number of votes to which such share is entitled.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;X</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.&nbsp;<U>Indemnification</U>. The Corporation shall indemnify its
directors and officers to the fullest extent authorized or permitted by the DGCL, as now or hereafter in effect, and such right to indemnification
shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer of the Corporation and shall inure to the benefit of his or her
heirs, executors and personal and legal representatives; provided, however, that, except for proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification,
the Corporation shall not be obligated to indemnify any director or officer (or his or her heirs, executors or personal or legal representatives)
in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized or
consented to by the Board of Directors. The right to indemnification conferred by this Article&nbsp;X shall include the right to be paid
by the Corporation the expenses incurred in defending or otherwise participating in any proceeding in advance of its final disposition
upon receipt by the Corporation of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer receiving advancement to repay the amount
advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation under this Article&nbsp;X.
Any amendments to or repeal of this Article&nbsp;shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a Director of this corporation
for or with respect to any acts or omissions of such Director occurring prior to such amendment or repeal. The Corporation may, to the
extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, provide rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses to
employees and agents of the Corporation similar to those conferred in this Article&nbsp;X to directors and officers of the Corporation.
The rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses conferred in this Article&nbsp;X shall not be exclusive of any other
right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under this Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, any statute, agreement, vote
of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise. Any repeal or modification of this Article&nbsp;X by the stockholders of the
Corporation shall not adversely affect any rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses of a director, officer, employee
or agent of the Corporation (collectively, the &#8220;<U>Covered Persons</U>&#8221;) existing at the time of such repeal or modification
with respect to any acts or omissions occurring prior to such repeal or modification.</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">2.&nbsp;<U>Other Indemnitors</U>. The Corporation
hereby acknowledges that certain Covered Persons may have rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses (directly or through insurance
obtained by any such entity) provided by one or more third parties (collectively, the &#8220;<U>Other Indemnitors</U>&#8221;), and which
may include third parties for whom such Covered Person serves as a manager, member, officer, employee or agent. The Corporation hereby
agrees and acknowledges that notwithstanding any such rights that a Covered Person may have with respect to any Other Indemnitor(s), (i)&nbsp;the
Corporation is the indemnitor of first resort with respect to all Covered Persons and all obligations to indemnify and provide advancement
of expenses to Covered Persons, (ii)&nbsp;the Corporation shall be required to indemnify and advance the full amount of expenses incurred
by the Covered Persons, to the fullest extent required by law, the terms of this Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, any agreement
to which the Corporation is a party, any vote of the stockholders or the Board of Directors, or otherwise, without regard to any rights
the Covered Persons may have against the Other Indemnitors and (iii)&nbsp;to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Corporation irrevocably
waives, relinquishes and releases the Other Indemnitors from any and all claims for contribution, subrogation or any other recovery of
any kind in respect thereof. The Corporation further agrees that no advancement or payment by the Other Indemnitors with respect to any
claim for which the Covered Persons have sought indemnification from the Corporation shall affect the foregoing and the Other Indemnitors
shall have a right of contribution and/or be subrogated to the extent of any such advancement or payment to all of the rights of recovery
of the Covered Persons against the Corporation. These rights shall be a contract right, and the Other Indemnitors are express third party
beneficiaries of the terms of this paragraph. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the obligations of the Corporation under
this paragraph shall only apply to Covered Persons in their capacity as Covered Persons.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;XI</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">1&nbsp;<U>Choice of Forum</U>. Unless the Corporation
consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery (the &#8220;<U>Chancery Court</U>&#8221;) of the State
of Delaware (or, in the event that the Chancery Court does not have jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware
or other state courts of the State of Delaware) and any appellate court thereof shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the
sole and exclusive forum for (i)&nbsp;any derivative action, suit or proceeding (&#8220;<U>Proceeding</U>&#8221;) brought on behalf of
the Corporation, (ii)&nbsp;any Proceeding asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or stockholder
of the Corporation to the Corporation or to the Corporation&#8217;s stockholders, (iii)&nbsp;any Proceeding arising pursuant to any provision
of the DGCL or the Bylaws or this Certificate of Incorporation (as either may be amended from time to time), (iv)&nbsp;any Proceeding
as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, or (v)&nbsp;any Proceeding asserting a claim
against the Corporation or any current or former director, officer or stockholder governed by the internal affairs doctrine. If any action
the subject matter of which is within the scope of the immediately preceding sentence is filed in a court other than the courts in the
State of Delaware (a &#8220;<U>Foreign Action</U>&#8221;) in the name of any stockholder, such stockholder shall be deemed to have consented
to (a)&nbsp;the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts in the State of Delaware in connection with any action brought in
any such court to enforce the provisions of the immediately preceding sentence and (b)&nbsp;having service of process made upon such stockholder
in any such action by service upon such stockholder&#8217;s counsel in the Foreign Action as agent for such stockholder. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the provisions of this Article&nbsp;XI(A)&nbsp;shall not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created
by the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts of the United States have exclusive jurisdiction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">2.&nbsp;<U>Jurisdiction.</U>&nbsp;Unless the Corporation
consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the federal district courts of the
United States of America shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the
Securities Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">3.&nbsp;<U>Notice</U>. Any person or entity purchasing
or otherwise acquiring any interest in any security of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to this Article&nbsp;XI.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;XII</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white">The
doctrine of corporate opportunity, or any other analogous doctrine, shall not apply with respect to the Corporation or any of its officers
or directors in circumstances where the application of any such doctrine would conflict with any fiduciary duties or contractual obligations
they may have as of the date of this Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or in the future. In addition to the foregoing,
unless the Corporation and a director or officer of the Corporation otherwise agree in writing, the doctrine of corporate opportunity
shall not apply to any other corporate opportunity with respect to any of the directors or officers of the Corporation unless such corporate
opportunity is offered to such person solely in his or her capacity as a director or officer of the Corporation and such opportunity is
one the Corporation is legally and contractually permitted to undertake and would otherwise be reasonable for the Corporation to pursue.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;XIII</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">1.<U>&nbsp;Amendments</U>. Notwithstanding anything
contained in this Certificate of Incorporation to the contrary, in addition to any vote required by applicable law, the following provisions
in this Certificate of Incorporation may be amended, altered, repealed or rescinded, in whole or in part, or any provision inconsistent
therewith or herewith may be adopted, by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the stock of the Corporation entitled to
vote; provided, however, that Article&nbsp;IX and Article&nbsp;X may only be amended, altered, repealed or rescinded, in whole or in part,
or any provision inconsistent therewith or herewith may be adopted, by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least sixty six and two-thirds
percent (66 and 2/3%) of the total voting power of all the then outstanding shares of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon,
voting together as a single class</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">2.&nbsp;<U>Severability</U>. If any
provision or provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any
circumstance for any reason whatsoever: (i)&nbsp;the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other
circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation (including, without limitation, each portion of
any paragraph of this Certificate of Incorporation containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that
is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, in any way
be affected or impaired thereby and (ii)&nbsp;to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the provisions of this Certificate
of Incorporation (including, without limitation, each such portion of any paragraph of this Certificate of Incorporation containing
any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to permit the Corporation to protect its
directors, officers, employees and agents from personal liability in respect of their good faith service to or for the benefit of
the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>IN
WITNESS WHEREOF</B></FONT>, this Certificate of Incorporation has been executed by a duly authorized officer of this corporation on this
14th day of June, 2023.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/ Colin James Deller&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Colin James Deller</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Executive Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-3.4
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>tm2318661d1_ex3-4.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 3.4
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 3.4</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>BYLAWS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>OF</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CLEARSIGN TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(THE &ldquo;<I>CORPORATION</I>&rdquo;)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
I</B></FONT><B><BR>
OFFICES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 1.1.&#9;Registered Office</B>. The address
of the Corporation&rsquo;s registered office in the State of Delaware is 2140 South Dupont Hwy, Camden, DE 19934, and the name of the
Corporation&rsquo;s registered agent at such address is Parasec.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
II</B></FONT><B><BR>
STOCKHOLDERS MEETINGS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.1&#9;Annual Meetings</B>.&nbsp;The
annual meeting of stockholders shall be held at such place, either within or without the State of Delaware, and time and on such date
as shall be determined by the Board and stated in the notice of the meeting, provided that the Board may in its sole discretion determine
that the meeting shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication pursuant to Section 9.5(a).
At each annual meeting, the stockholders entitled to vote on such matters shall elect those directors of the Corporation to fill any term
of a directorship that expires on the date of such annual meeting and may transact any other business as may properly be brought before
the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.2.&#9;Special Meetings</B>. Subject
to the rights of the holders of any outstanding series of the preferred stock of the Corporation (&ldquo;<B><I>Preferred Stock</I></B>&rdquo;),
and to the requirements of applicable law, special meetings of stockholders, for any purpose or purposes, may be called only by the Chairman
of the Board, or a Chief Executive Officer, or the Board pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the Board, and may not be called
by any other person. Special meetings of stockholders shall be held at such place, either within or without the State of Delaware, and
at such time and on such date as shall be determined by the Board and stated in the Corporation&rsquo;s notice of the meeting, provided
that the Board may in its sole discretion determine that the meeting shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by
means of remote communication pursuant to <U>Section 9.5(a)</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.3.&#9;Notices</B>. Written notice
of each stockholders meeting stating the place, if any, date, and time of the meeting, and the means of remote communication, if any,
by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting and the record date for determining
the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, if such date is different from the record date for determining stockholders entitled
to notice of the meeting, shall be given in the manner permitted by <U>Section 9.3</U>&nbsp;to each stockholder entitled to vote thereat
as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting, by the Corporation not less than 10 nor more
than 60 days before the date of the meeting unless otherwise required by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the &ldquo;<B><I>DGCL</I></B>&rdquo;).
If said notice is for a stockholders meeting other than an annual meeting, it shall in addition state the purpose or purposes for which
the meeting is called, and the business transacted at such meeting shall be limited to the matters so stated in the Corporation&rsquo;s
notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto). Any meeting of stockholders as to which notice has been given may be postponed, and any
meeting of stockholders as to which notice has been given may be cancelled, by the Board upon public announcement (as defined in <U>Section
2.7(c)</U>)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.4.&#9;Quorum</B>. Except as
otherwise provided by applicable law, the Corporation&rsquo;s Certificate of Incorporation, as the same may be amended or restated
from time to time (the &ldquo;<B><I>Certificate of Incorporation</I></B>&rdquo;) or these Bylaws, the presence, in person or by
proxy, at a stockholders meeting of the holders of shares of outstanding capital stock of the Corporation representing a majority of
the voting power of all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at such meeting shall constitute a
quorum for the transaction of business at such meeting, except that when specified business is to be voted on by a class or series
of stock voting as a class, the holders of shares representing a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of such
class or series shall constitute a quorum of such class or series for the transaction of such business. If a quorum shall not be
present or represented by proxy at any meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation, the chairman of the meeting may adjourn the
meeting from time to time in the manner provided in&nbsp;<U>Section 2.6</U> until a quorum shall attend. The stockholders present at
a duly convened meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders
to leave less than a quorum. Shares of its own stock belonging to the Corporation or to another corporation, if a majority of the
voting power of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors of such other corporation is held, directly or indirectly,
by the Corporation, shall neither be entitled to vote nor be counted for quorum purposes; provided, however, that the foregoing
shall not limit the right of the Corporation or any such other corporation to vote shares held by it in a fiduciary capacity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.5.&#9;Voting of Shares<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(a)</FONT><U>Voting
Lists</U><I>. </I>The Secretary of the Corporation (the &ldquo;Secretary&rdquo;) shall prepare, or shall cause the officer or agent who
has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation to prepare and make, at least 10 days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete
list of the stockholders of record entitled to vote at such meeting; provided, however, that if the record date for determining the stockholders
entitled to vote is less than 10 days before the meeting date, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth
day before the meeting date, arranged in alphabetical order and showing the address and the number and class of shares registered in the
name of each stockholder. Nothing contained in this Section 2.5(a) shall require the Corporation to include electronic mail addresses
or other electronic contact information on such list. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane
to the meeting, during ordinary business hours for a period of at least 10 days prior to the meeting: (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic
network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (ii) during
ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the Corporation. In the event that the Corporation determines to make the
list available on an electronic network, the Corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to
stockholders of the Corporation. If the meeting is to be held at a place, then the list shall be produced and kept at the time and place
of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. If a meeting of stockholders is
to be held solely by means of remote communication as permitted by Section 9.5(a), the list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder
during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to access such list shall
be provided with the notice of meeting. The stock ledger shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine
the list required by this Section 2.5(a) or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(b) </FONT><U>Manner
of Voting</U>. At any stockholders meeting, every stockholder entitled to vote may vote in person or by proxy. If authorized by the Board,
the voting by stockholders or proxy holders at any meeting conducted by remote communication may be effected by a ballot submitted by
electronic transmission (as defined in Section 9.3), provided that any such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted
with information from which the Corporation can determine that the electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder or proxy
holder. The Board, in its discretion, or the chairman of the meeting of stockholders, in such person&rsquo;s discretion, may require that
any votes cast at such meeting shall be cast by written ballot.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(c) </FONT><U>Proxies</U><I>.
</I>Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent or dissent to corporate action in writing without
a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon
after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. Proxies need not be filed with the Secretary until the
meeting is called to order, but shall be filed with the Secretary before being voted. Without limiting the manner in which a stockholder
may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder as proxy, either of the following shall constitute a valid means by
which a stockholder may grant such authority. No stockholder shall have cumulative voting rights.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(i) </FONT>A stockholder
may execute a writing authorizing another person or persons to act for such stockholder as proxy. Execution may be accomplished by the
stockholder or such stockholder&rsquo;s authorized officer, director, employee or agent signing such writing or causing such person&rsquo;s
signature to be affixed to such writing by any reasonable means, including, but not limited to, by facsimile signature.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(ii) </FONT>A
stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder as proxy by transmitting or authorizing the
transmission of an electronic transmission to the person who will be the holder of the proxy or to a proxy solicitation firm, proxy
support service organization or like agent duly authorized by the person who will be the holder of the proxy to receive such
transmission, provided that any such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it
can be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder. Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other
reliable reproduction of the writing or transmission authorizing another person or persons to act as proxy for a stockholder may be
substituted or used in lieu of the original writing or transmission for any and all purposes for which the original writing or
transmission could be used; provided that such copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reproduction shall be a complete
reproduction of the entire original writing or transmission.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(d) </FONT><U>Required
Vote</U>. Subject to the rights of the holders of one or more series of Preferred Stock, voting separately by class or series, to elect
directors pursuant to the terms of one or more series of Preferred Stock, at all meetings of stockholders at which a quorum is present,
the election of directors shall be determined by a plurality of the votes cast by the stockholders present in person or represented by
proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote thereon. All other matters presented to the stockholders at a meeting at which a quorum is present
shall be determined by the vote of a majority of the votes cast by the stockholders present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting
and entitled to vote thereon, unless the matter is one upon which, by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws or
applicable stock exchange rules, a different vote is required, in which case such provision shall govern and control the decision of such
matter.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(e) </FONT><U>Inspectors
of Election</U>. The Board may, and shall if required by law, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, appoint one or more persons as
inspectors of election, who may be employees of the Corporation or otherwise serve the Corporation in other capacities, to act at such
meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof and to make a written report thereof. The Board may appoint one or more persons as
alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspectors of election or alternates are appointed by the Board,
the chairman of the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before discharging his or her
duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of
his or her ability. The inspectors shall ascertain and report the number of outstanding shares and the voting power of each; determine
the number of shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and the validity of proxies and ballots; count all votes
and ballots and report the results; determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to
any determination by the inspectors; and certify their determination of the number of shares represented at the meeting and their count
of all votes and ballots. No person who is a candidate for an office at an election may serve as an inspector at such election. Each report
of an inspector shall be in writing and signed by the inspector or by a majority of them if there is more than one inspector acting at
such meeting. If there is more than one inspector, the report of a majority shall be the report of the inspectors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.6.&#9;Adjournments<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.&nbsp;</FONT></B>
Any meeting of stockholders, annual or special, may be adjourned by the chairman of the meeting, from time to time, whether or not there
is a quorum, to reconvene at the same or some other place. Notice need not be given of any such adjourned meeting if the date, time, and
place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present
in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting
the stockholders, or the holders of any class or series of stock entitled to vote separately as a class, as the case may be, may transact
any business that might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, notice of the adjourned
meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. If after the adjournment a new record date for stockholders
entitled to vote is fixed for the adjourned meeting, the Board shall fix a new record date for notice of such adjourned meeting in accordance
with Section 9.2, and shall give notice of the adjourned meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such adjourned meeting
as of the record date fixed for notice of such adjourned meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.7.&#9;Advance Notice for Business<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(a) </FONT><U>Annual
Meetings of Stockholders</U>. No business may be transacted at an annual meeting of stockholders, other than business that is either
(i) specified in the Corporation&rsquo;s notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board,
(ii) otherwise properly brought before the annual meeting by or at the direction of the Board or (iii) otherwise properly brought
before the annual meeting by any stockholder of the Corporation (x) who is a stockholder of record entitled to vote at such annual
meeting on the date of the giving of the notice provided for in this Section 2.7(a) and on the record date for the determination of
stockholders entitled to vote at such annual meeting and (y) who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section
2.7(a). Notwithstanding anything in this Section 2.7(a) to the contrary, only persons nominated for election as a director to fill
any term of a directorship that expires on the date of the annual meeting pursuant to Section 3.2 will be considered for election at
such meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(i) </FONT>In addition
to any other applicable requirements, for business (other than nominations) to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder,
such stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in proper written form to the Secretary and such business must otherwise be a proper
matter for stockholder action. Subject to <U>Section 2.7(a)(iii)</U>, a stockholder&rsquo;s notice to the Secretary with respect to such
business, to be timely, must be received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close
of business on the 90th day nor earlier than the close of business on the 120th day before the anniversary date of the immediately preceding
annual meeting of stockholders; provided, however, that in the event that the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or more than
60 days after such anniversary date (or if there has been no prior annual meeting), notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so
delivered not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day before the meeting and not later than the later of (x) the close of
business on the 90th day before the meeting or (y) the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which public announcement
of the date of the annual meeting is first made by the Corporation. The public announcement of an adjournment or postponement of an annual
meeting shall not commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder&rsquo;s notice as described in
this&nbsp;<U>Section 2.7(a)</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(ii) </FONT>To be
in proper written form, a stockholder&rsquo;s notice to the Secretary with respect to any business (other than nominations) must set forth
as to each such matter such stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (A) a brief description of the business desired to
be brought before the annual meeting, the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration
and in the event such business includes a proposal to amend these Bylaws, the language of the proposed amendment) and the reasons for
conducting such business at the annual meeting, (B) the name and record address of such stockholder and the name and address of the beneficial
owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made, (C) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation
that are owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder and by the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made,
(D) a description of all arrangements or understandings between such stockholder and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the
proposal is made and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business by such stockholder,
(E) any material interest of such stockholder and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made in such business
and (F) a representation that such stockholder (or a qualified representative of such stockholder) intends to appear in person or by proxy
at the annual meeting to bring such business before the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(iii) </FONT>The foregoing
notice requirements of this&nbsp;<U>Section 2.7(a)</U>&nbsp;shall be deemed satisfied by a stockholder as to any proposal (other than
nominations) if the stockholder has notified the Corporation of such stockholder&rsquo;s intention to present such proposal at an annual
meeting in compliance with Rule 14a-8 (or any successor thereof) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;<B><I>Exchange
Act</I></B>&rdquo;), and such stockholder has complied with the requirements of such Rule for inclusion of such proposal in a proxy statement
prepared by the Corporation to solicit proxies for such annual meeting. No business shall be conducted at the annual meeting of stockholders
except business brought before the annual meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in this&nbsp;<U>Section 2.7(a)</U>, provided,
however, that once business has been properly brought before the annual meeting in accordance with such procedures, nothing in this&nbsp;<U>Section
2.7(a)</U> shall be deemed to preclude discussion by any stockholder of any such business. If the Board or the chairman of the annual
meeting determines that any stockholder proposal was not made in accordance with the provisions of this <U>Section 2.7(a)</U>&nbsp;or
that the information provided in a stockholder&rsquo;s notice does not satisfy the information requirements of this&nbsp;<U>Section 2.7(a)</U>,
such proposal shall not be presented for action at the annual meeting. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this <U>Section 2.7(a)</U>,
if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual meeting of stockholders of the Corporation
to present the proposed business, such proposed business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such matter
may have been received by the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(iv) </FONT>In
addition to the provisions of this&nbsp;<U>Section 2.7(a)</U>, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of
the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth herein. Nothing in this <U>Section
2.7(a)</U>&nbsp;shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation&rsquo;s
proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(b) </FONT><U>Special
Meetings of Stockholders</U>. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before
the meeting pursuant to the Corporation&rsquo;s notice of meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the Board may be made at a special
meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the Corporation&rsquo;s notice of meeting only pursuant to <U>Section
3.2</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(c) </FONT><U>Public
Announcement</U>. For purposes of these Bylaws, &ldquo;<B><I>public announcement</I></B>&rdquo; shall mean disclosure in a press release
reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed or furnished
by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Sections 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (or any successor
thereto).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.8.&#9;Conduct of Meetings</B>. The
chairman of each annual and special meeting of stockholders shall be the Chairman of the Board or, in the absence (or inability or refusal
to act) of the Chairman of the Board, any Chief Executive Officer (if he or she shall be a director) or, in the absence (or inability
or refusal to act of a Chief Executive Officer or if a Chief Executive Officer is not a director, the President (if he or she shall be
a director) or, in the absence (or inability or refusal to act) of the President or if the President is not a director, such other person
as shall be appointed by the Board. The date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders
will vote at a meeting shall be announced at the meeting by the chairman of the meeting. The Board may adopt such rules and regulations
for the conduct of the meeting of stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. Except to the extent inconsistent with these Bylaws or such
rules and regulations as adopted by the Board, the chairman of any meeting of stockholders shall have the right and authority to convene
and to adjourn the meeting, to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chairman,
are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board or prescribed
by the chairman of the meeting, may include, without limitation, the following: (a)the establishment of an agenda or order of business
for the meeting;&nbsp;(b)rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present;&nbsp;(c)limitations
on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders of record of the Corporation, their duly authorized and constituted proxies
or such other persons as the chairman of the meeting shall determine;&nbsp;(d)restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed
for the commencement thereof; and&nbsp;(e)limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants. Unless and to the
extent determined by the Board or the chairman of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance
with the rules of parliamentary procedure. The secretary of each annual and special meeting of stockholders shall be the Secretary or,
in the absence (or inability or refusal to act) of the Secretary, an Assistant Secretary so appointed to act by the chairman of the meeting.
In the absence (or inability or refusal to act) of the Secretary and all Assistant Secretaries, the chairman of the meeting may appoint
any person to act as secretary of the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.9.&#9;Consents in Lieu of Meeting</B>.
Unless otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation, any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders,
or any action which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior
notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock
entitled to vote thereon having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at
a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted, and shall be delivered to the Corporation by delivery to
its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody
of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to the Corporation&rsquo;s registered office
shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Every written consent shall bear the date of signature
of each stockholder who signs the consent, and no written consent shall be effective to take the corporate action referred to therein
unless, within 60 days of the earliest dated consent delivered in the manner required by this section and the DGCL to the Corporation,
written consents signed by a sufficient number of holders entitled to vote to take action are delivered to the Corporation by delivery
to its registered office in Delaware, its principal place of business or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the
book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to the Corporation&rsquo;s registered office shall be
by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
III</B></FONT><B><BR>
DIRECTORS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.1.&#9;Powers; Number</B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">;&nbsp;</FONT>Tenure.
The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board, which may exercise all such powers
of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws
required to be exercised or done by the stockholders. Directors need not be stockholders or residents of the State of Delaware. Subject
to the Certificate of Incorporation, the number of directors shall be fixed exclusively by resolution of the Board. Unless a director
dies, resigns, or is removed, his or her term of office shall expire at the next annual meeting of shareholders but a director shall continue
to serve until his or her successor is elected or until there is a decrease in the authorized number of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.2.&#9;Advance Notice for Nomination
of Directors<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(a) </FONT>Only persons
who are nominated in accordance with the following procedures shall be eligible for election as directors of the Corporation, except as
may be otherwise provided by the terms of one or more series of Preferred Stock with respect to the rights of holders of one or more series
of Preferred Stock to elect directors. Nominations of persons for election to the Board at any annual meeting of stockholders, or at any
special meeting of stockholders called for the purpose of electing directors as set forth in the Corporation&rsquo;s notice of such special
meeting, may be made (i) by or at the direction of the Board or (ii) by any stockholder of the Corporation (x) who is a stockholder of
record entitled to vote in the election of directors on the date of the giving of the notice provided for in this <U>Section 3.2</U>&nbsp;and
on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting and (y) who complies with the notice procedures
set forth in this&nbsp;<U>Section 3.2</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(b) </FONT>In addition
to any other applicable requirements, for a nomination to be made by a stockholder, such stockholder must have given timely notice thereof
in proper written form to the Secretary. To be timely, a stockholder&rsquo;s notice to the Secretary must be received by the Secretary
at the principal executive offices of the Corporation (i)in the case of an annual meeting, not later than the close of business on the
90th day nor earlier than the close of business on the 120th day before the anniversary date of the immediately preceding annual meeting
of stockholders; provided, however, that in the event that the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after such
anniversary date (or if there has been no prior annual meeting), notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so received not earlier
than the close of business on the 120th day before the meeting and not later than the later of (x) the close of business on the 90th day
before the meeting or (y) the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of the annual
meeting was first made by the Corporation; and&nbsp;(ii)in the case of a special meeting of stockholders called for the purpose of electing
directors, not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of the special
meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting
or special meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder&rsquo;s notice as described
in this&nbsp;<U>Section 3.2</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(c) </FONT>Notwithstanding
anything in paragraph (b) to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board at an annual meeting is
greater than the number of directors whose terms expire on the date of the annual meeting and there is no public announcement by the Corporation
naming all of the nominees for the additional directors to be elected or specifying the size of the increased Board before the close of
business on the 90th day prior to the anniversary date of the immediately preceding annual meeting of stockholders, a stockholder&rsquo;s
notice required by this&nbsp;<U>Section 3.2</U>&nbsp;shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for the additional
directorships created by such increase that are to be filled by election at such annual meeting, if it shall be received by the Secretary
at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the date on which
such public announcement was first made by the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(d) </FONT>To be
in proper written form, a stockholder&rsquo;s notice to the Secretary must set forth (i) as to each person whom the stockholder
proposes to nominate for election as a director (A) the name, age, business address and residence address of the person, (B) the
principal occupation or employment of the person, (C) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation
that are owned beneficially or of record by the person and (D) any other information relating to the person that would be required
to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election
of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; and (ii) as to the
stockholder giving the notice (A) the name and record address of such stockholder as they appear on the Corporation&rsquo;s books
and the name and address of the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is made, (B) the class or series and number
of shares of capital stock of the Corporation that are owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder and the beneficial
owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is made, (C) a description of all arrangements or understandings relating to the
nomination to be made by such stockholder among such stockholder, the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is
made, each proposed nominee and any other person or persons (including their names), (D) a representation that such stockholder (or
a qualified representative of such stockholder) intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the persons named
in its notice and (E) any other information relating to such stockholder and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the
nomination is made that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection
with solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder. Such notice must be accompanied by a written consent of each proposed nominee to being named as a nominee
and to serve as a director if elected.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(e) </FONT>If the Board
or the chairman of the meeting of stockholders determines that any nomination was not made in accordance with the provisions of this&nbsp;<U>Section
3.2</U>, or that the information provided in a stockholder&rsquo;s notice does not satisfy the information requirements of this&nbsp;<U>Section
3.2</U>, then such nomination shall not be considered at the meeting in question. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this <U>Section
3.2</U>, if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the meeting of stockholders of the Corporation
to present the nomination, such nomination shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such nomination may have been
received by the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">In addition to the provisions of this&nbsp;<U>Section
3.2</U>, a stockholder shall also comply with all of the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder
with respect to the matters set forth herein. Nothing in this <U>Section 3.2</U>&nbsp;shall be deemed to affect any rights of the holders
of Preferred Stock to elect directors pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.3.&#9;Compensation</B>. Unless otherwise
restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the Board shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors,
including for service on a committee of the Board, and may be paid either a fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the Board or other
compensation as director. The directors may be reimbursed their expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the Board. No such
payment shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. Members of
committees of the Board may be allowed like compensation and reimbursement of expenses for service on the committee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
IV</B></FONT><B><BR>
BOARD MEETINGS </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.1.&#9;Annual Meetings</B>. The Board
shall meet as soon as practicable after the adjournment of each annual stockholders meeting at the place of the annual stockholders meeting
unless the Board shall fix another time and place and give notice thereof in the manner required herein for special meetings of the Board.
No notice to the directors shall be necessary to legally convene this meeting, except as provided in this <U>Section 4.1</U><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.2.&#9;Regular Meetings</B>. Regularly
scheduled, periodic meetings of the Board may be held without notice at such times, dates and places (within or without the State of Delaware)
as shall from time to time be determined by the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.3.&#9;Special Meetings</B>.
Special meetings of the Board (a) may be called by the Chairman of the Board or President and (b) shall be called by the Chairman of
the Board, President or Secretary on the written request of at least a majority of directors then in office, or the sole director,
as the case may be, and shall be held at such time, date and place (within or without the State of Delaware) as may be determined by
the person calling the meeting or, if called upon the request of directors or the sole director, as specified in such written
request. Notice of each special meeting of the Board shall be given, as provided in <U>Section 9.3</U>, to each director&nbsp;(i)at
least 24 hours before the meeting if such notice is oral notice given personally or by telephone or written notice given by hand
delivery or by means of a form of electronic transmission and delivery;&nbsp;(ii)at least two days before the meeting if such notice
is sent by a nationally recognized overnight delivery service; and&nbsp;(iii)at least five days before the meeting if such notice is
sent through the United States mail. If the Secretary shall fail or refuse to give such notice, then the notice may be given by the
officer who called the meeting or the directors who requested the meeting. Any and all business that may be transacted at a regular
meeting of the Board may be transacted at a special meeting. Except as may be otherwise expressly provided by applicable law, the
Certificate of Incorporation, or these Bylaws, neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any special meeting
need be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting. A special meeting may be held at any time without notice if all
the directors are present or if those not present waive notice of the meeting in accordance with <U>Section 9.4</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I></I></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.4.&#9;Quorum; Required Vote</B>. A
majority of the Board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Board, and the act of a majority
of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board, except as may be otherwise specifically
provided by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting, a majority
of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum
is present.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.5.&#9;Consent In Lieu of Meeting</B>.
Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting
of the Board or any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be, consent
thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions (or paper reproductions
thereof) are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained
in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.6.&#9;Organization</B>. The chairman
of each meeting of the Board shall be the Chairman of the Board or, in the absence (or inability or refusal to act) of the Chairman of
the Board, any Chief Executive Officer (if he or she shall be a director) or, in the absence (or inability or refusal to act) of a Chief
Executive Officer or if a Chief Executive Officer is not a director, the President (if he or she shall be a director) or in the absence
(or inability or refusal to act) of the President or if the President is not a director, a chairman elected from the directors present.
The Secretary shall act as secretary of all meetings of the Board. In the absence (or inability or refusal to act) of the Secretary, an
Assistant Secretary shall perform the duties of the Secretary at such meeting. In the absence (or inability or refusal to act) of the
Secretary and all Assistant Secretaries, the chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
V</B></FONT><B><BR>
COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 5.1.&#9;Establishment</B>. The Board
may by resolution of the Board designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation.
Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the Board when required by the resolution designating
such committee. The Board shall have the power at any time to fill vacancies in, to change the membership of, or to dissolve any such
committee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 5.2.&#9;Available Powers</B>. Any committee
established pursuant to <U>Section 5.1</U>&nbsp;hereof, to the extent permitted by applicable law and by resolution of the Board, shall
have and may exercise all of the powers and authority of the Board in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and
may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 5.3.&#9;Alternate Members</B>. The Board
may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting
of such committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of the committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting
and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he, she or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board
to act at the meeting in place of any such absent or disqualified member.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I></I></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 5.4.&#9;Procedures</B>. Unless the Board
otherwise provides, the time, date, place, if any, and notice of meetings of a committee shall be determined by such committee. At meetings
of a committee, a majority of the number of members of the committee (but not including any alternate member, unless such alternate member
has replaced any absent or disqualified member at the time of, or in connection with, such meeting) shall constitute a quorum for the
transaction of business. The act of a majority of the members present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of
the committee, except as otherwise specifically provided by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws or the Board.
If a quorum is not present at a meeting of a committee, the members present may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice
other than an announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present. Unless the Board otherwise provides and except as provided in these
Bylaws, each committee designated by the Board may make, alter, amend and repeal rules for the conduct of its business. In the absence
of such rules each committee shall conduct its business in the same manner as the Board is authorized to conduct its business pursuant
to <U>Article III</U>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<U>Article IV</U>&nbsp;of these Bylaws.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
VI</B></FONT><B><BR>
OFFICERS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 6.1.&#9;Officers</B>. The officers of
the Corporation elected by the Board shall be one or more Chief Executive Officers, a Chief Financial Officer, a Secretary and such other
officers (including without limitation, a Chairman of the Board, Presidents, Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries and a Treasurer) as
the Board from time to time may determine. Officers elected by the Board shall each have such powers and duties as generally pertain to
their respective offices, subject to the specific provisions of this <U>Article VI</U>. Such officers shall also have such powers and
duties as from time to time may be conferred by the Board. Any Chief Executive Officer or President may also appoint such other officers
(including without limitation one or more Vice Presidents and Controllers) as may be necessary or desirable for the conduct of the business
of the Corporation. Such other officers shall have such powers and duties and shall hold their offices for such terms as may be provided
in these Bylaws or as may be prescribed by the Board or, if such officer has been appointed by any Chief Executive Officer or President,
as may be prescribed by the appointing officer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(a) </FONT><U>Chairman
of the Board</U><I>.</I> The Chairman of the Board shall preside when present at all meetings of the stockholders and the Board. The Chairman
of the Board shall have general supervision and control of the acquisition activities of the Corporation subject to the ultimate authority
of the Board, and shall be responsible for the execution of the policies of the Board with respect to such matters. In the absence (or
inability or refusal to act) of the Chairman of the Board, any Chief Executive Officer (if he or she shall be a director) shall preside
when present at all meetings of the stockholders and the Board. The powers and duties of the Chairman of the Board shall not include supervision
or control of the preparation of the financial statements of the Corporation (other than through participation as a member of the Board).
The position of Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer may be held by the same person and may be held by more than one person.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(b) </FONT><U>Chief
Executive Officer</U><B>. </B>One or more Chief Executive Officers shall be the chief executive officer(s) of the Corporation, shall have
general supervision of the affairs of the Corporation and general control of all of its business subject to the ultimate authority of
the Board, and shall be responsible for the execution of the policies of the Board with respect to such matters, except to the extent
any such powers and duties have been prescribed to the Chairman of the Board pursuant to&nbsp;<U>Section 6.1(a)</U> above. In the absence
(or inability or refusal to act) of the Chairman of the Board, any Chief Executive Officer (if he or she shall be a director) shall preside
when present at all meetings of the stockholders and the Board. The position of Chief Executive Officer and President may be held by the
same person and may be held by more than one person.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(c) </FONT><U>President</U>.
The President shall make recommendations to any Chief Executive Officer on all operational matters that would normally be reserved for
the final executive responsibility of any Chief Executive Officer. In the absence (or inability or refusal to act) of the Chairman of
the Board and a Chief Executive Officer, the President (if he or she shall be a director) shall preside when present at all meetings of
the stockholders and the Board. The President shall also perform such duties and have such powers as shall be designated by the Board.
The position of President and Chief Executive Officer may be held by the same person.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(d) </FONT><U>Vice
Presidents</U>. In the absence (or inability or refusal to act) of the President, the Vice President (or in the event there be more
than one Vice President, the Vice Presidents in the order designated by the Board) shall perform the duties and have the powers of
the President. Any one or more of the Vice Presidents may be given an additional designation of rank or function.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(e) </FONT><U>Secretary</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(i) </FONT>The Secretary
shall attend all meetings of the stockholders, the Board and (as required) committees of the Board and shall record the proceedings of
such meetings in books to be kept for that purpose. The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders
and special meetings of the Board and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board, the Chairman of the Board, any
Chief Executive Officer or President. The Secretary shall have custody of the corporate seal of the Corporation and the Secretary, or
any Assistant Secretary, shall have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it, and when so affixed, it may be attested
by his or her signature or by the signature of such Assistant Secretary. The Board may give general authority to any other officer to
affix the seal of the Corporation and to attest the affixing thereof by his or her signature.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(ii) </FONT>The Secretary
shall keep, or cause to be kept, at the principal executive office of the Corporation or at the office of the Corporation&rsquo;s transfer
agent or registrar, if one has been appointed, a stock ledger, or duplicate stock ledger, showing the names of the stockholders and their
addresses, the number and classes of shares held by each and, with respect to certificated shares, the number and date of certificates
issued for the same and the number and date of certificates cancelled.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(f) </FONT><U>Assistant
Secretaries</U>. The Assistant Secretary or, if there be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the Board
shall, in the absence (or inability or refusal to act) of the Secretary, perform the duties and have the powers of the Secretary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(g) </FONT><U>Chief
Financial Officer</U>. The Chief Financial Officer shall perform all duties commonly incident to that office (including, without limitation,
the care and custody of the funds and securities of the Corporation, which from time to time may come into the Chief Financial Officer&rsquo;s
hands and the deposit of the funds of the Corporation in such banks or trust companies as the Board, any Chief Executive Officer or the
President may authorize).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(h) </FONT><U>Treasurer</U>.
The Treasurer shall, in the absence (or inability or refusal to act) of the Chief Financial Officer, perform the duties and exercise the
powers of the Chief Financial Officer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 6.2.&#9;Term of Office; Removal; Vacancies</B>.
The elected officers of the Corporation shall be appointed by the Board and shall hold office until their successors are duly elected
and qualified by the Board or until their earlier death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, or removal from office. Any officer
may be removed, with or without cause, at any time by the Board. Any officer appointed by any Chief Executive Officer or President may
also be removed, with or without cause, by any Chief Executive Officer or President, as the case may be, unless the Board otherwise provides.
Any vacancy occurring in any elected office of the Corporation may be filled by the Board. Any vacancy occurring in any office appointed
by any Chief Executive Officer or President may be filled by any Chief Executive Officer, or President, as the case may be, unless the
Board then determines that such office shall thereupon be elected by the Board, in which case the Board shall elect such officer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 6.3.&#9;Other Officers</B>. The Board
may delegate the power to appoint such other officers and agents, and may also remove such officers and agents or delegate the power to
remove same, as it shall from time to time deem necessary or desirable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 6.4.&#9;Multiple Officeholders; Stockholder
and Director Officers</B>. Any number of offices may be held by the same person unless the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws
otherwise provide. Officers need not be stockholders or residents of the State of Delaware.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
VII</B></FONT><B><BR>
SHARES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.1.&#9;Certificated and Uncertificated
Shares</B>. The shares of the Corporation may be certificated or uncertificated, subject to the sole discretion of the Board and the requirements
of the DGCL.</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.2.&#9;Multiple Classes of Stock</B>.
If the Corporation shall be authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, the Corporation shall
(a) cause the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or
series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights to be set forth in full or summarized
on the face or back of any certificate that the Corporation issues to represent shares of such class or series of stock or (b) in the
case of uncertificated shares, within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of such shares, send to the registered owner thereof
a written notice containing the information required to be set forth on certificates as specified in clause (a) above; provided, however,
that, except as otherwise provided by applicable law, in lieu of the foregoing requirements, there may be set forth on the face or back
of such certificate or, in the case of uncertificated shares, on such written notice a statement that the Corporation will furnish without
charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special
rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences or rights.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.3.&#9;Signatures</B>. Each certificate
representing capital stock of the Corporation shall be signed by or in the name of the Corporation by (a) the Chairman of the Board, any
Chief Executive Officer, the President or a Vice President and (b) the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or an Assistant
Secretary of the Corporation. Any or all the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or
registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer
agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, such certificate may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such
person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar on the date of issue.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.4.&#9;Consideration and Payment for
Shares<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(a)Subject to applicable law and the Certificate
of Incorporation, shares of stock may be issued for such consideration, having in the case of shares with par value a value not less than
the par value thereof, and to such persons, as determined from time to time by the Board. The consideration may consist of any tangible
or intangible property or any benefit to the Corporation including cash, promissory notes, services performed, contracts for services
to be performed or other securities, or any combination thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(b)Subject to applicable law and the Certificate
of Incorporation, shares may not be issued until the full amount of the consideration has been paid, unless upon the face or back of each
certificate issued to represent any partly paid shares of capital stock or upon the books and records of the Corporation in the case of
partly paid uncertificated shares, there shall have been set forth the total amount of the consideration to be paid therefor and the amount
paid thereon up to and including the time said certificate representing certificated shares or said uncertificated shares are issued.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.5.&#9;Lost, Destroyed or Wrongfully
Taken Certificates<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(a) </FONT>If an owner
of a certificate representing shares claims that such certificate has been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken, the Corporation shall
issue a new certificate representing such shares or such shares in uncertificated form if the owner: (i) requests such a new certificate
before the Corporation has notice that the certificate representing such shares has been acquired by a protected purchaser; (ii) if requested
by the Corporation, delivers to the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against
the Corporation on account of the alleged loss, wrongful taking or destruction of such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate
or uncertificated shares; and (iii) satisfies other reasonable requirements imposed by the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(b) </FONT>If a certificate
representing shares has been lost, apparently destroyed or wrongfully taken, and the owner fails to notify the Corporation of that fact
within a reasonable time after the owner has notice of such loss, apparent destruction or wrongful taking and the Corporation registers
a transfer of such shares before receiving notification, the owner shall be precluded from asserting against the Corporation any claim
for registering such transfer or a claim to a new certificate representing such shares or such shares in uncertificated form.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I></I></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.6.&#9;Transfer of Stock<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></B></P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(a) </FONT>If a certificate
representing shares of the Corporation is presented to the Corporation with an endorsement requesting the registration of transfer of
such shares or an instruction is presented to the Corporation requesting the registration of transfer of uncertificated shares, the Corporation
shall register the transfer as requested if:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(i) </FONT>in the
case of certificated shares, the certificate representing such shares has been surrendered;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(ii)</FONT>(A) with
respect to certificated shares, the endorsement is made by the person specified by the certificate as entitled to such shares; (B) with
respect to uncertificated shares, an instruction is made by the registered owner of such uncertificated shares; or (C) with respect to
certificated shares or uncertificated shares, the endorsement or instruction is made by any other appropriate person or by an agent who
has actual authority to act on behalf of the appropriate person;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(iii) </FONT>the Corporation
has received a guarantee of signature of the person signing such endorsement or instruction or such other reasonable assurance that the
endorsement or instruction is genuine and authorized as the Corporation may request;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(iv) </FONT>the transfer
does not violate any restriction on transfer imposed by the Corporation that is enforceable in accordance with&nbsp;<U>Section 7.8(a)</U>;
and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(v) </FONT>such other
conditions for such transfer as shall be provided for under applicable law have been satisfied.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(b)</FONT>Whenever any
transfer of shares shall be made for collateral security and not absolutely, the Corporation shall so record such fact in the entry of
transfer if, when the certificate for such shares is presented to the Corporation for transfer or, if such shares are uncertificated,
when the instruction for registration of transfer thereof is presented to the Corporation, both the transferor and transferee request
the Corporation to do so.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.7.&#9;Registered Stockholders</B>.
Before due presentment for registration of transfer of a certificate representing shares of the Corporation or of an instruction requesting
registration of transfer of uncertificated shares, the Corporation may treat the registered owner as the person exclusively entitled to
inspect for any proper purpose the stock ledger and the other books and records of the Corporation, vote such shares, receive dividends
or notifications with respect to such shares and otherwise exercise all the rights and powers of the owner of such shares, except that
a person who is the beneficial owner of such shares (if held in a voting trust or by a nominee on behalf of such person) may, upon providing
documentary evidence of beneficial ownership of such shares and satisfying such other conditions as are provided under applicable law,
may also so inspect the books and records of the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.8.&#9;Effect of the Corporation&rsquo;s
Restriction on Transfer<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(a) </FONT>A written
restriction on the transfer or registration of transfer of shares of the Corporation or on the amount of shares of the Corporation that
may be owned by any person or group of persons, if permitted by the DGCL and noted conspicuously on the certificate representing such
shares or, in the case of uncertificated shares, contained in a notice, offering circular or prospectus sent by the Corporation to the
registered owner of such shares within a reasonable time prior to or after the issuance or transfer of such shares, may be enforced against
the holder of such shares or any successor or transferee of the holder including an executor, administrator, trustee, guardian or other
fiduciary entrusted with like responsibility for the person or estate of the holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(b) </FONT>A
restriction imposed by the Corporation on the transfer or the registration of shares of the Corporation or on the amount of shares
of the Corporation that may be owned by any person or group of persons, even if otherwise lawful, is ineffective against a person
without actual knowledge of such restriction unless:&nbsp;(i) the shares are certificated and such restriction is noted
conspicuously on the certificate; or&nbsp;(ii) the shares are uncertificated and such restriction was contained in a notice,
offering circular or prospectus sent by the Corporation to the registered owner of such shares within a reasonable time prior to or
after the issuance or transfer of such shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.9.&#9;Regulations</B>. The Board shall
have power and authority to make such additional rules and regulations, subject to any applicable requirement of law, as the Board may
deem necessary and appropriate with respect to the issue, transfer or registration of transfer of shares of stock or certificates representing
shares. The Board may appoint one or more transfer agents or registrars and may require for the validity thereof that certificates representing
shares bear the signature of any transfer agent or registrar so appointed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
VIII</B></FONT><B><BR>
INDEMNIFICATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.1.&#9;Right to Indemnification<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.
</FONT></B>To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended, the Corporation shall indemnify
and hold harmless each person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is otherwise involved in any threatened,
pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (hereinafter a &ldquo;proceeding&rdquo;),
by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or, while a director or officer of the Corporation,
is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership,
joint venture, trust, other enterprise or nonprofit entity, including service with respect to an employee benefit plan (hereinafter an
 &ldquo;Indemnitee&rdquo;), whether the basis of such proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity as a director, officer, employee
or agent, or in any other capacity while serving as a director, officer, employee or agent, against all liability and loss suffered and
expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys&rsquo; fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes and penalties and amounts paid in
settlement) reasonably incurred by such Indemnitee in connection with such proceeding; provided, however, that, except as provided in
Section 8.3 with respect to proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification, the Corporation shall indemnify an Indemnitee in connection
with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such Indemnitee only if such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.2.&#9;Right to Advancement of Expenses</B>.
In addition to the right to indemnification conferred in <U>Section 8.1</U>, an Indemnitee shall also have the right to be paid by the
Corporation to the fullest extent not prohibited by applicable law the expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys&rsquo; fees)
incurred in defending or otherwise participating in any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition (hereinafter an &ldquo;<B><I>advancement
of expenses</I></B>&rdquo;); provided, however, that, if the DGCL requires, an advancement of expenses incurred by an Indemnitee in his
or her capacity as a director or officer of the Corporation (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by such
Indemnitee, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) shall be made only upon the Corporation&rsquo;s receipt
of an undertaking (hereinafter an &ldquo;<B><I>undertaking</I></B>&rdquo;), by or on behalf of such Indemnitee, to repay all amounts so
advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified under this&nbsp;<U>Article VIII</U>&nbsp;or
otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.3.&#9;Right of Indemnitee to
Bring Suit</B>. If a claim under <U>Section 8.1</U>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<U>Section 8.2</U> is not paid in full by the Corporation within 60
days after a written claim therefor has been received by the Corporation, except in the case of a claim for an advancement of
expenses, in which case the applicable period shall be 20 days, the Indemnitee may at any time thereafter bring suit against the
Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim. If successful in whole or in part in any such suit, or in a suit brought by
the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the Indemnitee shall also be entitled
to be paid the expense of prosecuting or defending such suit. In (a) any suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to
indemnification hereunder (but not in a suit brought by an Indemnitee to enforce a right to an advancement of expenses) it shall be
a defense that, and (b) in any suit brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an
undertaking, the Corporation shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon a final judicial decision from which there is no
further right to appeal (hereinafter a &ldquo;<B><I>final adjudication</I></B>&rdquo;) that, the Indemnitee has not met any
applicable standard for indemnification set forth in the DGCL. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its directors who
are not parties to such action, a committee of such directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) to have made a
determination prior to the commencement of such suit that indemnification of the Indemnitee is proper in the circumstances because
the Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the DGCL, nor an actual determination by the Corporation
(including a determination by its directors who are not parties to such action, a committee of such directors, independent legal
counsel, or its stockholders) that the Indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall create a presumption that
the Indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct or, in the case of such a suit brought by the Indemnitee, shall be a
defense to such suit. In any suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification or to an advancement of expenses
hereunder, or by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of
proving that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified, or to such advancement of expenses, under this&nbsp;<U>Article
VIII</U>&nbsp;or otherwise shall be on the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I></I></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.4.&#9;Non-Exclusivity of Rights<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.
</FONT></B>The rights provided to any Indemnitee pursuant to this&nbsp;<U>Article</U>&nbsp;<U>VIII</U>&nbsp;shall not be exclusive of
any other right, which such Indemnitee may have or hereafter acquire under applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws,
an agreement, a vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.5.&#9;Insurance</B>. The Corporation
may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and/or any director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or another
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation
would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the DGCL.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.6.&#9;Indemnification of Other Persons</B>.
This <U>Article VIII</U> shall not limit the right of the Corporation to the extent and in the manner authorized or permitted by law to
indemnify and to advance expenses to persons other than Indemnitees. Without limiting the foregoing, the Corporation may, to the extent
authorized from time to time by the Board, grant rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses to any employee or agent
of the Corporation and to any other person who is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or
agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to an employee
benefit plan, to the fullest extent of the provisions of this <U>Article VIII</U>&nbsp;with respect to the indemnification and advancement
of expenses of Indemnitees under this&nbsp;<U>Article VIII</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.7.&#9;Amendments</B>. Any repeal or
amendment of this <U>Article VIII</U>&nbsp;by the Board or the stockholders of the Corporation or by changes in applicable law, or the
adoption of any other provision of these Bylaws inconsistent with this&nbsp;<U>Article VIII</U>, will, to the extent permitted by applicable
law, be prospective only (except to the extent such amendment or change in applicable law permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification
rights to Indemnitees on a retroactive basis than permitted prior thereto), and will not in any way diminish or adversely affect any right
or protection existing hereunder in respect of any act or omission occurring prior to such repeal or amendment or adoption of such inconsistent
provision; provided however, that amendments or repeals of this&nbsp;<U>Article VIII</U>&nbsp;shall require the affirmative vote of the
stockholders holding at least 66.7% of the voting power of all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.8.&#9;Certain Definitions</B>. For
purposes of this <U>Article VIII</U>,&nbsp;(a)references to &ldquo;<B><I>other enterprise</I></B>&rdquo; shall include any employee benefit
plan;&nbsp;(b)references to &ldquo;<B><I>fines</I></B>&rdquo; shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee
benefit plan;&nbsp;(c)references to &ldquo;<B><I>serving at the request of the Corporation</I></B>&rdquo; shall include any service that
imposes duties on, or involves services by, a person with respect to any employee benefit plan, its participants, or beneficiaries; and&nbsp;(d)a
person who acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries
of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner &ldquo;<B><I>not opposed to the best interest of the Corporation</I></B>&rdquo;
for purposes of Section 145 of the DGCL.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.9.&#9;Contract Rights</B>. The rights
provided to Indemnitees pursuant to this <U>Article VIII</U>&nbsp;shall be contract rights and such rights shall continue as to an Indemnitee
who has ceased to be a director, officer, agent or employee and shall inure to the benefit of the Indemnitee&rsquo;s heirs, executors
and administrators.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.10.&#9;Severability</B>. If any provision
or provisions of this <U>Article VIII</U>&nbsp;shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever:&nbsp;(a)the
validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this&nbsp;<U>Article VIII</U>&nbsp;shall not in any way be affected
or impaired thereby; and&nbsp;(b)to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this&nbsp;<U>Article VIII</U>&nbsp;(including, without
limitation, each such portion of this&nbsp;<U>Article VIII</U>&nbsp;containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable)
shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I></I></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
IX</B></FONT><B><BR>
MISCELLANEOUS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.1.&#9;Place of Meetings<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.
</FONT></B>If the place of any meeting of stockholders, the Board or committee of the Board for which notice is required under these Bylaws
is not designated in the notice of such meeting, such meeting shall be held at the principal business office of the Corporation; provided,
however, if the Board has, in its sole discretion, determined that a meeting shall not be held at any place, but instead shall be held
by means of remote communication pursuant to Section 9.5 hereof, then such meeting shall not be held at any place.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.2.&#9;Fixing Record Dates<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(a) </FONT>In order
that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the
Board may fix a record date, which shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board,
and which record date shall not be more than 60 nor less than 10 days before the date of such meeting. If the Board so fixes a date, such
date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the Board determines, at the
time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination.
If no record date is fixed by the Board, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at a meeting of
stockholders shall be at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived,
at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record
entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the
Board may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting, and in such case shall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled
to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote in accordance
with the foregoing provisions of this <U>Section 9.2(a)</U>&nbsp;at the adjourned meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(b) </FONT>In order
that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of
any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose
of any other lawful action, the Board may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing
the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than 60 days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the
record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board adopts the
resolution relating thereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.3.&#9;Means of Giving Notice<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(a) </FONT><U>Notice
to Directors</U>. Whenever under applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws notice is required to be given to any
director, such notice shall be given either (i)in writing and sent by mail, or by a nationally recognized delivery service,&nbsp;(ii)by
means of facsimile telecommunication or other form of electronic transmission, or&nbsp;(iii)by oral notice given personally or by telephone.
A notice to a director will be deemed given as follows: (i) if given by hand delivery, orally, or by telephone, when actually received
by the director, (ii) if sent through the United States mail, when deposited in the United States mail, with postage and fees thereon
prepaid, addressed to the director at the director&rsquo;s address appearing on the records of the Corporation, (iii) if sent for next
day delivery by a nationally recognized overnight delivery service, when deposited with such service, with fees thereon prepaid, addressed
to the director at the director&rsquo;s address appearing on the records of the Corporation, (iv) if sent by facsimile telecommunication,
when sent to the facsimile transmission number for such director appearing on the records of the Corporation, (v) if sent by electronic
mail, when sent to the electronic mail address for such director appearing on the records of the Corporation, or (vi) if sent by any other
form of electronic transmission, when sent to the address, location or number (as applicable) for such director appearing on the records
of the Corporation.</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(b) </FONT><U>Notice
to Stockholders</U>. Whenever under applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws notice is required to be given to
any stockholder, such notice may be given (i) in writing and sent either by hand delivery, through the United States mail, or by a nationally
recognized overnight delivery service for next day delivery, or (ii) by means of a form of electronic transmission consented to by the
stockholder, to the extent permitted by, and subject to the conditions set forth in Section 232 of the DGCL. A notice to a stockholder
shall be deemed given as follows: (i) if given by hand delivery, when actually received by the stockholder, (ii) if sent through the United
States mail, when deposited in the United States mail, with postage and fees thereon prepaid, addressed to the stockholder at the stockholder&rsquo;s
address appearing on the stock ledger of the Corporation, (iii) if sent for next day delivery by a nationally recognized overnight delivery
service, when deposited with such service, with fees thereon prepaid, addressed to the stockholder at the stockholder&rsquo;s address
appearing on the stock ledger of the Corporation, and (iv) if given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder
to whom the notice is given and otherwise meeting the requirements set forth above, (A) if by facsimile transmission, when directed to
a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice, (B) if by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address
at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice, (C) if by a posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to
the stockholder of such specified posting, upon the later of (1) such posting and (2) the giving of such separate notice, and (D) if by
any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the stockholder. A stockholder may revoke such stockholder&rsquo;s consent
to receiving notice by means of electronic communication by giving written notice of such revocation to the Corporation. Any such consent
shall be deemed revoked if (1) the Corporation is unable to deliver by electronic transmission two consecutive notices given by the Corporation
in accordance with such consent and (2) such inability becomes known to the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or to the Corporation&rsquo;s
transfer agent, or other person responsible for the giving of notice; provided, however, the inadvertent failure to treat such inability
as a revocation shall not invalidate any meeting or other action.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(c) </FONT><U>Electronic
Transmission</U>. &ldquo;<B><I>Electronic transmission</I></B>&rdquo; means any form of communication, not directly involving the physical
transmission of paper, that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly
reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process, including but not limited to transmission by telex, facsimile
telecommunication, electronic mail, telegram and cablegram.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in; color: #010000">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(d) </FONT><U>Notice
to Stockholders Sharing Same Address</U>. Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively by the Corporation
to stockholders, any notice to stockholders given by the Corporation under any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation
or these Bylaws shall be effective if given by a single written notice to stockholders who share an address if consented to by the stockholders
at that address to whom such notice is given. A stockholder may revoke such stockholder&rsquo;s consent by delivering written notice of
such revocation to the Corporation. Any stockholder who fails to object in writing to the Corporation within 60 days of having been given
written notice by the Corporation of its intention to send such a single written notice shall be deemed to have consented to receiving
such single written notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in; color: #010000">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(e) </FONT><U>Exceptions
to Notice Requirements</U>. Whenever notice is required to be given, under the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws,
to any person with whom communication is unlawful, the giving of such notice to such person shall not be required and there shall be no
duty to apply to any governmental authority or agency for a license or permit to give such notice to such person. Any action or meeting
that shall be taken or held without notice to any such person with whom communication is unlawful shall have the same force and effect
as if such notice had been duly given. In the event that the action taken by the Corporation is such as to require the filing of a certificate
with the Secretary of State of Delaware, the certificate shall state, if such is the fact and if notice is required, that notice was given
to all persons entitled to receive notice except such persons with whom communication is unlawful.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Whenever notice is required to be given by
the Corporation, under any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, to any stockholder to whom
(1)notice of two consecutive annual meetings of stockholders and all notices of stockholder meetings or of the taking of action by
written consent of stockholders without a meeting to such stockholder during the period between such two consecutive annual
meetings, or (2)all, and at least two payments (if sent by first-class mail) of dividends or interest on securities during a
12-month period, have been mailed addressed to such stockholder at such stockholder&rsquo;s address as shown on the records of the
Corporation and have been returned undeliverable, the giving of such notice to such stockholder shall not be required. Any action or
meeting that shall be taken or held without notice to such stockholder shall have the same force and effect as if such notice had
been duly given. If any such stockholder shall deliver to the Corporation a written notice setting forth such stockholder&rsquo;s
then current address, the requirement that notice be given to such stockholder shall be reinstated. In the event that the action
taken by the Corporation is such as to require the filing of a certificate with the Secretary of State of Delaware, the certificate
need not state that notice was not given to persons to whom notice was not required to be given pursuant to Section 230(b) of the
DGCL. The exception in subsection (1) of the first sentence of this paragraph to the requirement that notice be given shall not be
applicable to any notice returned as undeliverable if the notice was given by electronic transmission.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.4.&#9;Waiver of Notice</B>. Whenever
any notice is required to be given under applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these Bylaws, a written waiver of such notice,
signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to said notice,
whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to such required notice. All such waivers shall be kept with
the books of the Corporation. Attendance at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where a person attends
for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting was not lawfully called or convened.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.5.&#9;Meeting Attendance via Remote
Communication Equipment<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(a)</FONT><U>Stockholder
Meetings</U>. If authorized by the Board in its sole discretion, and subject to such guidelines and procedures as the Board may adopt,
stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting and proxy holders not physically present at a meeting of stockholders may, by means of remote
communication:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(i) </FONT>participate
in a meeting of stockholders; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(ii) </FONT>be deemed
present in person and vote at a meeting of stockholders, whether such meeting is to be held at a designated place or solely by means of
remote communication, provided that (A) the Corporation shall implement reasonable measures to verify that each person deemed present
and permitted to vote at the meeting by means of remote communication is a stockholder or proxy holder, (B) the Corporation shall implement
reasonable measures to provide such stockholders and proxy holders a reasonable opportunity to participate in the meeting and, if entitled
to vote, to vote on matters submitted to the applicable stockholders, including an opportunity to read or hear the proceedings of the
meeting substantially concurrently with such proceedings, and (C) if any stockholder or proxy holder votes or takes other action at the
meeting by means of remote communication, a record of such votes or other action shall be maintained by the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010000">(b) </FONT><U>Board
Meetings</U>. Unless otherwise restricted by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, members of the Board or
any committee thereof may participate in a meeting of the Board or any committee thereof by means of conference telephone or other communications
equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other. Such participation in a meeting shall constitute
presence in person at the meeting, except where a person participates in the meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction
of any business on the ground that the meeting was not lawfully called or convened.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.6.&#9;Dividends</B>. The Board may
from time to time declare, and the Corporation may pay, dividends (payable in cash, property or shares of the Corporation&rsquo;s capital
stock) on the Corporation&rsquo;s outstanding shares of capital stock, subject to applicable law and the Certificate of Incorporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.7.&#9;Reserves</B>. The Board may
set apart out of the funds of the Corporation available for dividends a reserve or reserves for any proper purpose and may abolish any
such reserve.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.8.&#9;Contracts and Negotiable
Instruments</B>. Except as otherwise provided by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any contract,
bond, deed, lease, mortgage or other instrument may be executed and delivered in the name and on behalf of the Corporation by such
officer or officers or other employee or employees of the Corporation as the Board may from time to time authorize. Such authority
may be general or confined to specific instances as the Board may determine. The Chairman of the Board, any Chief Executive Officer,
the President, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer or any Vice President may execute and deliver any contract, bond, deed,
lease, mortgage or other instrument in the name and on behalf of the Corporation. Subject to any restrictions imposed by the Board,
the Chairman of the Board , any Chief Executive Officer, President, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer or any Vice President
may delegate powers to execute and deliver any contract, bond, deed, lease, mortgage or other instrument in the name and on behalf
of the Corporation to other officers or employees of the Corporation under such person&rsquo;s supervision and authority, it being
understood, however, that any such delegation of power shall not relieve such officer of responsibility with respect to the exercise
of such delegated power.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.9.&#9;Fiscal Year</B>. The fiscal
year of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.10.&#9;Seal</B>. The Board may adopt
a corporate seal, which shall be in such form as the Board determines. The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be
impressed, affixed or otherwise reproduced.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.11.&#9;Books and Records<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.
</FONT></B>The books and records of the Corporation may be kept within or outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as may
from time to time be designated by the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.12.&#9;Resignation</B>. Any director,
committee member or officer may resign by giving notice thereof in writing or by electronic transmission to the Chairman of the Board,
any Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Secretary. The resignation shall take effect at the time it is delivered unless the
resignation specifies a later effective date or an effective date determined upon the happening of an event or events. Unless otherwise
specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.13.&#9;Surety Bonds<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.
</FONT></B>Such officers, employees and agents of the Corporation (if any) as the Chairman of the Board, any Chief Executive Officer,
President or the Board may direct, from time to time, shall be bonded for the faithful performance of their duties and for the restoration
to the Corporation, in case of their death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers,
money and other property of whatever kind in their possession or under their control belonging to the Corporation, in such amounts and
by such surety companies as the Chairman of the Board, any Chief Executive Officer, President or the Board may determine. The premiums
on such bonds shall be paid by the Corporation and the bonds so furnished shall be in the custody of the Secretary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.14.&#9;Securities of Other Corporations</B>.
Powers of attorney, proxies, waivers of notice of meeting, consents in writing and other instruments relating to securities owned by the
Corporation may be executed in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation by the Chairman of the Board, any Chief Executive Officer,
President, any Vice President or any officers authorized by the Board. Any such officer, may, in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation,
take all such action as any such officer may deem advisable to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of security holders of any corporation
in which the Corporation may own securities, or to consent in writing, in the name of the Corporation as such holder, to any action by
such corporation, and at any such meeting or with respect to any such consent shall possess and may exercise any and all rights and power
incident to the ownership of such securities and which, as the owner thereof, the Corporation might have exercised and possessed. The
Board may from time to time confer like powers upon any other person or persons.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.15.&#9;Amendments</B>. The Board shall
have the power to adopt, amend, alter or repeal the Bylaws. The affirmative vote of a majority of the Board shall be required to adopt,
amend, alter or repeal the Bylaws. The Bylaws also may be adopted, amended, altered or repealed by the stockholders; provided, however,
that in addition to any vote of the holders of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation required by applicable law or the
Certificate of Incorporation, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the voting power (except as otherwise provided
in <U>Section 8.7</U>) of all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors,
voting together as a single class, shall be required for the stockholders to adopt, amend, alter or repeal the Bylaws.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 99.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center; color: Red"><B><IMG SRC="image_001.jpg" ALT=""></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><BR STYLE="clear: both">
</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ClearSign Technologies Corporation </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Announces Reincorporation in the State of Delaware</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">Tulsa, OK., June 15, 2023&ndash;ClearSign
Technologies Corporation (Nasdaq: CLIR) (&ldquo;ClearSign&rdquo; or the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;), an emerging leader in industrial combustion
and sensing technologies that improve energy, operational efficiency and safety while dramatically reducing emissions, today announced
that the Company has reincorporated in the State of Delaware from Washington State (the &ldquo;Reincorporation&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The Reincorporation was previously approved by the board of directors
of the Company, and subsequently approved by the shareholders of the Company at the Company&rsquo;s Annual Meeting of shareholders held
on&nbsp;June 6, 2023. ClearSign is now subject to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>About ClearSign Technologies Corporation</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">ClearSign Technologies Corporation designs and develops products and
technologies for the purpose of improving key performance characteristics of industrial and commercial systems, including&nbsp;operational
performance, energy efficiency, emission reduction, safety and overall cost-effectiveness. Our patented technologies, embedded in established
OEM products as ClearSign Core&trade;, and ClearSign Eye&trade;&nbsp;and other sensing configurations, enhance the performance of combustion
systems and fuel safety systems in a broad range of markets, including the energy (upstream oil production and down-stream refining),
commercial/industrial boiler, chemical, petrochemical, transport and power industries. For more information, please visit&nbsp;www.clearsign.com.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Cautionary note on forward-looking statements</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">All statements in this press release that are not based on historical
fact are &ldquo;forward-looking statements.&rdquo; You can find many (but not all) of these statements by looking for words such as &ldquo;approximates,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;believes,&rdquo; &ldquo;hopes,&rdquo; &ldquo;expects,&rdquo; &ldquo;anticipates,&rdquo; &ldquo;estimates,&rdquo; &ldquo;projects,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;intends,&rdquo; &ldquo;plans,&rdquo; &ldquo;would,&rdquo; &ldquo;should,&rdquo; &ldquo;could,&rdquo; &ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;will&rdquo;
or other similar expressions. While management has based any forward-looking statements included in this press release on its current
expectations on the Company&rsquo;s strategy, plans, intentions, performance, or future occurrences or results, the information on which
such expectations were based may change. These forward-looking statements rely on a number of assumptions concerning future events and
are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are outside of the Company&rsquo;s control, that could
cause actual results to materially differ from such statements. Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited
to, ClearSign&rsquo;s ability to maintain compliance with Nasdaq listing requirements and other factors identified in the Company&rsquo;s
Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and available at&nbsp;<U>www.sec.gov</U>&nbsp;and other factors
that are detailed in the Company&rsquo;s periodic and current reports available for review at&nbsp;<U>www.sec.gov</U>. Furthermore, ClearSign
operates in a competitive environment where new and unanticipated risks may arise. Accordingly, investors should not place any reliance
on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results. The Company disclaims any intention to, and, except as may be required
by law, undertake no obligation to, update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that subsequently occur
or of which ClearSign hereafter becomes aware.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>For further information:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Investor Relations: </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Matthew Selinger</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Firm IR Group for ClearSign</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">+1 415-572-8152</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">mselinger@firmirgroup.com</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Report</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Event Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period Start Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="dei_Extension" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>clir-20230614_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
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<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>12
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm139812269709648">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 14, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jun. 14,  2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--12-31<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-35521<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">CLEARSIGN TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001434524<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">26-2056298<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">WA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">8023 E. 63rd Place, Suite 101<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Tulsa<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">OK<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">74133<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">918<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">236-6461<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">CLIR<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
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#

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
