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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of preparation and principle of consolidation These consolidated financial statements (“financial statements”) have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or US GAAP. The Company’s functional currency of subsidiaries and VIE in China is the Chinese Renminbi (RMB). Other subsidiaries outside of China use U.S. Dollar (USD), Hong Kong Dollar (HKD), Great Britain Pound (“GBP”), AED (United Arab Emirates Dirham) and Guarani (PYG) as the functional currency; however, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been translated and presented in USD. According to US GAAP Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) 810-10-15-8, for legal entities other than limited partnerships, the usual condition for a controlling financial interest is ownership of a majority voting interest, and, therefore, as a general rule ownership by one reporting entity, directly or indirectly, of more than 50 percent of the outstanding voting shares of another entity is a condition pointing toward consolidation. The power to control may also exist with a lesser percentage of ownership, for example, by contract, lease, agreement with other stockholders, or by court decree. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries and the VIE. Our contractual arrangements with the VIE and their respective shareholders allow us to (i) exercise effective control over the VIE, (ii) become the primary beneficiary of the VIE for accounting purposes, and (iii) have an exclusive option to purchase all or part of the equity interests in the VIE when and to the extent permitted by PRC law. As a result of our direct ownership in our wholly foreign-owned enterprise (“WFOE”) and the contractual arrangements with the VIE, we are regarded as the primary beneficiary of the VIE for accounting purposes, and we treat it and its subsidiaries as the consolidated affiliated entities under U.S. GAAP. Certain amounts of prior years were reclassified to conform with current year presentation. Discontinued Operations On March 18, 2021, Chain Future Digital Tech (Beijing) Co., Ltd. was deregistered. On April 9, 2021, FT Commercial Management (Beijing) Co., Ltd. was dissolved and deregistered. On August 2, 2021, the Company sold Guangchengji (Guangdong) Industrial Co., Ltd. to an unrelated third party. On September 2, 2021, Future Supply Chain Co., Ltd. discontinued its operations, and on November 4, 2021, it was transferred to Shaanxi Fu Chen Venture Capital Management Co. Ltd. On June 27, 2022, Chain Cloud Mall Logistics Center (Shanxi) Co., Ltd. was dissolved and deregistered. Based on the disposal plan and in accordance with ASC 205-20, the Company presented the operating results from these operations as a discontinued operation. Segment Information Reclassification The Company classified business segment into CCM Shopping Mall Membership, asset management service, coal and aluminum ingots supply chain financing service and trading, and others. Uses of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with US GAAP and this requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The significant areas requiring the use of management estimates include, but not limited to, the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, estimated useful life and residual value of property, plant and equipment, impairment of long-lived assets, provision for staff benefit, recognition and measurement of deferred income taxes and valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. Although these estimates are based on management’s knowledge of current events and actions management may undertake in the future, actual results may ultimately differ from those estimates and such differences may be material to our consolidated financial statements. Going Concern The Company’s financial statements are prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company incurred operating loss of $14.32 million and generated negative operating cash flows of $2.69 million for year ended December 31, 2022 and may continue to incur operating losses and generate negative operating cash flows as the Company implements its future business plan. These factors raise substantial doubts about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company has raised funds through issuance of common stock. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully execute its new business strategy and eventually attain profitable operations. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. Research and development Research and development expenses include salaries, contracted services, as well as the related expenses for our research and product development team, and expenditures relating to our efforts to develop, design, and enhance our service to our clients. The Company expenses research and development costs as they are incurred. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets In accordance with the ASC 360-10, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and purchased intangibles subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable, or it is reasonably possible that these assets could become impaired as a result of technological or other industrial changes. The determination of recoverability of assets to be held and used is made by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted cash flows to be generated by the assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company has adopted FASB ASC Topic on Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC 820 establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy of valuation techniques based on observable and unobservable input, which may be used to measure fair value and include the following: Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 – Input other than Level 1 that is observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other input that is observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 – Unobservable input that is supported by little or no market activity and that is significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Our cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and short-term investments are classified within level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are value using quoted market price. Earnings (Loss) Per Share Under ASC 260-10, Earnings Per Share, basic EPS excludes dilution for Common Stock equivalents and is calculated by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of Common Stock outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is calculated by using the treasury stock method, assuming conversion of all potentially dilutive securities, such as stock options and warrants. Under this method, (i) exercise of options and warrants is assumed at the beginning of the period and shares of Common Stock are assumed to be issued, (ii) the proceeds from exercise are assumed to be used to purchase Common Stock at the average market price during the period, and (iii) the incremental shares (the difference between the number of shares assumed issued and the number of shares assumed purchased) are included in the denominator of the diluted EPS computation. The numerators and denominators used in the computations of basic and diluted EPS are presented in the following table. For the year ended December 31, 2022:
|  | Income |  |  | Share |  |  | Pre-share amount |
Loss from continued operations attributable to Future Fintech Group, Inc. |  | $ | (13,627,391 | ) |  |  | 14,323,422 |  |  | $ | (0.95 | )
Loss from discontinued operations attributable to Future Fintech Group, Inc. |  | $ | (154 | ) |  |  | 14,323,422 |  |  | $ | - |
Basic EPS: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loss to common stockholders from continued operations |  | $ | (13,627,391 | ) |  |  | 14,323,422 |  |  | $ | (0.95 | )
Loss available to common stockholders from discontinued operations |  | $ | (154 | ) |  |  | 14,323,422 |  |  | $ | - |
Dilutive EPS: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Warrants |  |  | - |  |  |  | 210,526 |  |  |  | - |
Diluted loss per share is calculated by taking net loss, divided by the diluted weighted average common shares outstanding. Diluted net loss per share equals basic net loss per share because the effect of securities convertible into common shares is anti-dilutive from continued operations attributable to Future Fintech Group, Inc. |  | $ | (13,627,391 | ) |  |  | 14,533,948 |  |  | $ | (0.95 | )
Diluted loss per share is calculated by taking net loss, divided by the diluted weighted average common shares outstanding from discontinued operations |  | $ | (154 | ) |  |  | 14,533,948 |  |  | $ | - |
For the year ended December 31, 2021:
|  | Income |  |  | Share |  |  | Pre-share amount |
Loss from continued operations attributable to Future Fintech Group, Inc. |  | $ | (11,206,035 | ) |  |  | 13,088,090 |  |  | $ | (0.86 | )
Loss from discontinued operations attributable to Future Fintech Group, Inc. |  | $ | (2,388,900 | ) |  |  | 13,088,090 |  |  | $ | (0.18 | )
Basic EPS: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loss to common stockholders from continuing operations |  | $ | (11,206,035 | ) |  |  | 13,088,090 |  |  | $ | (0.86 | )
Loss available to common stockholders from discontinued operations |  | $ | (2,388,900 | ) |  |  | 13,088,090 |  |  | $ | (0.18 | )
Dilutive EPS: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Warrants |  |  | - |  |  |  | 557,791 |  |  |  | - |
Diluted loss per share is calculated by taking net loss, divided by the diluted weighted average common shares outstanding. Diluted net loss per share equals basic net loss per share because the effect of securities convertible into common shares is anti-dilutive from continued operations attributable to Future Fintech Group, Inc. |  | $ | (11,206,035 | ) |  |  | 136,458,81 |  |  | $ | (0.82 | )
Diluted loss per share is calculated by taking net loss, divided by the diluted weighted average common shares outstanding from discontinued operations |  | $ | (2,388,900 | ) |  |  | 136,458,81 |  |  | $ | (0.18 | )
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash Cash and cash equivalents included cash on hand and demand deposits placed with banks or other financial institutions, which are unrestricted as to withdrawal and use and with an original maturity of three months or less. Deposits in banks in the PRC are only insured by the government up to RMB500,000, in the HK are only insured by the government up to HKD500,000, in the United Kingdom are only insured by the government up to GBP18,000, in the United States of America are only insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to USD250,000, and are consequently exposed to risk of loss. The Company believes the probability of a bank failure, causing loss to the Company, is remote. Cash that is restricted as to withdrawal for use or pledged as security is reported separately on the face of the consolidated balance sheets, and is not included in the total cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated statements of cash flows. Receivable and Allowances Accounts receivable are recognized and carried at the original invoice amounts less an allowance for any uncollectible amount. We have a policy of reserving for uncollectible accounts based on our best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in our existing accounts receivable. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and maintain an allowance for potential bad debts if required. Other receivables, and loan receivables are recognized and carried at the initial amount when occurred less an allowance for any uncollectible amount. We have a policy of reserving for uncollectible accounts based on our best estimate of the amount of probable impairment losses in our existing receivable. We determine whether an allowance for doubtful accounts is required by evaluating specific accounts where information indicates the customers may have an inability to meet financial obligations. In these cases, we use assumptions and judgment, based on the best available facts and circumstances, to record a specific allowance for those customers against amounts due to reduce the receivable to the amount expected to be collected. These specific allowances are re-evaluated and adjusted as additional information is received. The amounts calculated are analyzed to determine the total amount of the allowance. We may also record a general allowance as necessary. Direct write-offs are taken in the period when we have exhausted our efforts to collect overdue and unpaid receivable or otherwise evaluate other circumstances that indicate that we should abandon such efforts. The Company has assessed its receivable including credit term and corresponding all its receivables in December 2022. Upon such credit terms, bad debt expense was $26,440 and $(1,823) during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. There is no accounts receivable balance overdue for over 90 days as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Revenue Recognition We apply the five steps defined under ASC 606: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. We assess its revenue arrangements against specific criteria in order to determine if it is acting as principal or agent. Revenue arrangements with multiple performance obligations are divided into separate distinct goods or services. We allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation based on the relative standalone selling price of the goods or services provided. Revenue is recognized upon the transfer of control of promised goods or services to a customer. Control is generally transferred when the Company has a present right to payment and title and the significant risks and rewards of ownership of products or services are transferred to its customers. We do not make any significant judgment in evaluating when control is transferred. Revenue is recorded net of value-added tax. Revenue recognitions are as follows: Online sales and membership fee: The Company recognizes the sale of goods 15 days after the products are shipped (after the 15 days return policy). The revenue from the membership fee is amortized over the lifetime of the membership, which is one year. For the merchandise gift package, revenue is recognized when the receipt of the gift package is confirmed by the members. Other revenues include revenues earned on net basis from sales of certain products on our platform and agent authorization fee. During the second quarter of 2021, the Company has transformed its member based business model to a sale agent based eCAAS platform for its online shopping mall. Sales of coals and aluminum ingots The Company recognize revenue when the receipt of merchandise is confirmed by the customers, which is the point that the title of the goods is transferred to the customer. Sales of coals and aluminum ingots agent For the sale of third-party products where the Company obtains control of the product before transferring it to the customer, the Company recognizes revenue based on the gross amount billed to customers. The Company considers multiple factors when determining whether it obtains control of third-party products, including evaluating if it can establish the price of the product, retains inventory risk for tangible products or has the responsibility for ensuring acceptability of the product. The company recognize net revenue from sale of coals and aluminum ingots when no control obtained throughout the transactions. Asset Management Service The Company recognizes service revenue when a service is rendered, the Company issues bills to its customers and recognizes revenue according to the bills. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any impairment losses. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the useful lives of the assets. Major renewals and betterments are capitalized and depreciated; maintenance and repairs that do not extend the life of the respective assets are expensed as incurred. Upon disposal of assets, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Depreciation related to property, plant and equipment used in production is reported in cost of sales, and includes amortized amounts related to capital leases. We estimated that the residual value of the Company’s property and equipment ranges from 3% to 5%. Property, plant and equipment are depreciated over their estimated useful lives as follows:
Building |  | 30 years
Machinery and equipment |  | 5-10 years
Furniture and office equipment |  | 3-5 years
Motor vehicles |  | 5 years
Intangible Assets Acquired intangible assets are recognized based on their cost to the Company, which generally includes the transaction costs of the asset acquisition, and no gain or loss is recognized unless the fair value of noncash assets given as consideration differs from the assets’ carrying amounts on the Company’s book. These assets are amortized over their useful lives if the assets are deemed to have a finite life and they are reviewed for impairment by testing for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable. The fair value of an intangible asset is the amount that would be determined if the entity used the assumptions that market participants would use if they were pricing the intangible asset. The useful life of the Company’s intangible assets is five - ten years, which is determined by using the time period that an intangible is estimated to contribute directly or indirectly to a Company’s future cash flows. Foreign Currency and Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are measured using the local currency as the functional currency; however, the reporting currency of the Company is the USD. Assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries have been translated into USD using the exchange rate at the balance sheet dates, while equity accounts are translated using historical exchange rate. The exchange rate we used to convert RMB to USD was 6.96:1 and 6.38:1 at the balance sheet dates of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The average exchange rate for the period has been used to translate revenues and expenses. The average exchange rates we used to convert RMB to USD were 6.73:1 and 6.45:1 for fiscal year 2022 and fiscal year 2021, respectively. The exchange rate we used to convert HKD to USD was 7.80:1 and 7.80:1 at the balance sheet dates of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The average exchange rate for the period has been used to translate revenues and expenses. The average exchange rates we used to convert HKD to USD were 7.83:1 and 7.77:1 for fiscal year 2022 and fiscal year 2021. The exchange rate we used to convert GBP to USD was 0.83:1 and 0.74:1 at the balance sheet dates of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The average exchange rate for the period has been used to translate revenues and expenses. The average exchange rates we used to convert GBP to USD were 0.81:1 and 0.73:1 for fiscal year 2022 and fiscal year 2021. The exchange rate we used to convert AED to USD was 3.67:1 and 3.67:1 at the balance sheet dates of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The average exchange rate for the period has been used to translate revenues and expenses. The average exchange rates we used to convert AED to USD were 3.67:1 and 3.67:1 for fiscal year 2022 and fiscal year 2021. The exchange rate we used to convert PYG to USD was 7,322.90:1 at the balance sheet dates of December 31, 2022. The average exchange rate for the period has been used to translate revenues and expenses. The average exchange rate we used to convert PYG to USD was 6,976.87:1 for fiscal year 2022. Translation adjustments are reported separately and accumulated in a separate component of equity (cumulative translation adjustment). Government subsidies Government subsidies primarily consist of financial subsidies received from provincial and local governments for operating a business in their jurisdictions and compliance with specific policies promoted by the local governments. For certain government subsidies, there are no defined rules and regulations to govern the criteria necessary for companies to receive such benefits, and the amount of financial subsidy is determined at the discretion of the relevant government authorities. The government subsidies of operating nature with no further conditions to be met are recorded of operating expenses in “Other income” in the consolidated statements when received. The amendments in this update require disclosures about transactions with a government that have been accounted for by analogizing to a grant or contribution accounting model to increase transparency about (1) the types of transactions, (2) the accounting for the transactions, and (3) the effect of the transactions on an entity’s financial statements. Income Taxes We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes.” Under this method, income tax expense is recognized for the amount of: (i) taxes payable or refundable for the current year and (ii) deferred tax consequences of temporary differences resulting from matters that have been recognized in an entity’s financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce the deferred tax assets reported if based on the weight of the available positive and negative evidence, it is more likely than not some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. ASC Topic 740-10-30 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC Topic 740-10-25 provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. We have no material uncertain tax positions for any of the reporting periods presented. Goodwill The Company tests goodwill for impairment for its reporting units on an annual basis, or when events occur or circumstances indicate the fair value of a reporting unit is below its carrying value. If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, an impairment loss is recorded to the extent that implied fair value of the goodwill within the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. The Company’s evaluation of goodwill for impairment involves the comparison of the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value. The Company uses the discounted cash flow model to estimate fair value, which requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to forecasts of future revenue and operating margin. In addition, the discounted cash flow model requires the Company to select an appropriate weighted average cost of capital based on current market conditions as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. A high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort were required when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates and assumptions related to the forecasts. Based upon the assessment, the Company has concluded that goodwill is $13.98 million and $15.58 million as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Short-term investments Short-term investments consist primarily of investments in fixed deposits with original maturities between three months and one year and certain investments in wealth management products and other investments that the Company has the intention to redeem within one year. Fair valued or carried at amortized costs. As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the short-term investments amounted to $0.99 million and $2.19 million, respectively. Due to fluctuations of the quoted shares included in its investment portfolios, the Company recognized an impairment to the investment portfolio of $0.91 million. Lease We adopted ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), or ASC 842, from January 1, 2020. We determine if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at lease inception. For operating leases, we recognize a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term on the consolidated balance sheets at commencement date. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we estimate our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments, and in economic environments where the leased asset is located. The ROU assets also include any lease payments made, net of lease incentives. Lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Our leases often include options to extend and lease terms include such extended terms when we are reasonably certain to exercise those options. Lease terms also include periods covered by options to terminate the leases when we are reasonably certain not to exercise those options. Share-based compensation The Company awards share options and other equity-based instruments to its employees, directors and consultants (collectively “share-based payments”). Compensation cost related to such awards is measured based on the fair value of the instrument on the grant date. The Company recognizes the compensation cost over the period the employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which generally is the vesting period. The amount of cost recognized is adjusted to reflect the expected forfeiture prior to vesting. When no future services are required to be performed by the employee in exchange for an award of equity instruments, and if such award does not contain a performance or market condition, the cost of the award is expensed on the grant date. The Company recognizes compensation cost for an award with only service conditions that has a graded vesting schedule on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award, provided that the cumulative amount of compensation cost recognized at any date at least equals the portion of the grant-date value of such award that is vested at that date. Statutory reserves Pursuant to the laws applicable to the PRC, PRC entities must make appropriations from after-tax profit to the non-distributable “statutory surplus reserve fund”. Subject to certain cumulative limits, the “statutory surplus reserve fund” requires annual appropriations of 10% of after-tax profit until the aggregated appropriations reach 50% of the registered capital (as determined under accounting principles generally accepted in the PRC (“PRC GAAP”) at each year-end). For foreign invested enterprises and joint ventures in the PRC, annual appropriations should be made to the “reserve fund”. For foreign invested enterprises, the annual appropriation for the “reserve fund” cannot be less than 10% of after-tax profits until the aggregated appropriations reach 50% of the registered capital (as determined under PRC GAAP at each year-end). Variable interest entities On July 31, 2019, CCM Tianjin, E-commerce Tianjin, and Mr. Zeyao Xue and Mr. Kai Xu, citizens of China and shareholders of E-commerce Tianjin, entered into the following agreements, or collectively, the “Variable Interest Entity Agreements” or “VIE Agreements,” pursuant to which CCM Tianjin has contractual rights to control and operate the business of E-commerce Tianjin (the “VIE”). Therefore, pursuant to ASC 810, E-Commerce Tianjin is included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements since then. Pursuant to Chinese law and regulations, a foreign owned enterprise cannot apply for and hold a license for operation of certain e-commerce businesses, the category of business which the Company is conducting in China. CCM Tianjin is an indirectly wholly foreign owned enterprise of the Company. In order to comply with Chinese law and regulations, CCM Tianjin agreed to provide E-commerce Tianjin an Exclusive Operation and Use Rights Authorization to operate and use the Chain Cloud Mall System owned by CCM Tianjin. E-commerce Tianjin was incorporated by Mr. Zeyao Xue and Mr. Kai Xu solely for the purpose of holding the operation license of the Chain Cloud Mall System. Mr. Zeyao Xue is a major shareholder of the Company and the son of Mr. Yongke Xue, the President of the Company. Mr. Kai Xu was the Chief Operating Officer of the Company and currently is the Deputy General Manager of FT Commercial Group Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company and the vice president of blockchain division of the Company. The VIE Agreements are as follows:
1) | Exclusive Technology Consulting and Service Agreement by and between CCM Tianjin and E-commerce Tianjin. Pursuant to the Exclusive Technology Consulting and Service Agreement, CCM Tianjin agreed to act as the exclusive consultant of E-commerce Tianjin and provide technology consulting and services to E-commerce Tianjin. In exchange, E-commerce Tianjin agreed to pay CCM Tianjin a technology consulting and service fee, the amount of which is to be equivalent to the amount of net profit before tax of E-commerce Tianjin, payable on a quarterly basis after making up losses of previous years (if necessary) and deducting necessary costs, expenses and taxes related to the business operations of E-commerce Tianjin. Without the prior written consent of CCM Tianjin, E-commerce Tianjin may not accept the same or similar technology consulting and services provided by any third party during the term of the agreement. All the benefits and interests generated from the agreement, including but not limited to intellectual property rights, know-how and trade secrets, will be CCM Tianjin’s sole and exclusive property. This agreement has a term of 10 years and may be extended unilaterally by CCM Tianjin with CCM Tianjin’s written confirmation prior to the expiration date. E-commerce Tianjin cannot terminate the agreement early unless CCM Tianjin commits fraud, gross negligence or illegal acts, or becomes bankrupt or winds up.
2) | Exclusive Purchase Option Agreement by and among CCM Tianjin, E-commerce Tianjin, Mr. Zeyao Xue and Mr. Kai Xu. Pursuant to the Exclusive Purchase Option Agreement, Mr. Zeyao Xue and Mr. Kai Xu granted to CCM Tianjin and any party designated by CCM Tianjin the exclusive right to purchase, at any time during the term of this agreement, all or part of the equity interests in E-commerce Tianjin, or the “Equity Interests,” at a purchase price equal to the registered capital paid by Mr. Zeyao Xue and Mr. Kai Xu for the Equity Interests, or, in the event that applicable law requires an appraisal of the Equity Interests, the lowest price permitted under applicable law. Pursuant to powers of attorney executed by Mr. Zeyao Xue and Mr. Kai Xu, they irrevocably authorized any person appointed by CCM Tianjin to exercise all shareholder rights, including but not limited to voting on their behalf on all matters requiring approval of E-commerce Tianjin’s shareholder, disposing of all or part of the shareholder’s equity interest in E-commerce Tianjin, and electing, appointing or removing directors and executive officers. The person designated by CCM Tianjin is entitled to dispose of dividends and profits on the equity interest without reliance on any oral or written instructions of Mr. Zeyao Xue and Mr. Kai Xu. The powers of attorney will remain in force for so long as Mr. Zeyao Xue and Mr. Kai Xu remain the shareholders of E-commerce Tianjin. Mr. Zeyao Xue and Mr. Kai Xu have waived all the rights which have been authorized to CCM Tianjin’s designated person under the powers of attorney.
3) | Equity Pledge Agreements by and among CCM Tianjin, E-commerce Tianjin, Mr. Zeyao Xue and Mr. Kai Xu. Pursuant to the Equity Pledge Agreements, Mr. Zeyao Xue and Mr. Kai Xu pledged all of the Equity Interests to CCM Tianjin to secure the full and complete performance of the obligations and liabilities on the part of E-commerce Tianjin and them under this and the above contractual arrangements. If E-commerce Tianjin, Mr. Zeyao Xue, or Mr. Kai Xu breaches their contractual obligations under these agreements, then CCM Tianjin, as pledgee, will have the right to dispose of the pledged equity interests. Mr. Zeyao Xue and Mr. Kai Xu agree that, during the term of the Equity Pledge Agreements, they will not dispose of the pledged equity interests or create or allow any encumbrance on the pledged equity interests, and they also agree that CCM Tianjin’s rights relating to the equity pledge should not be interfered with or impaired by the legal actions of the shareholders of E-commerce Tianjin, their successors or designees. During the term of the equity pledge, CCM Tianjin has the right to receive all of the dividends and profits distributed on the pledged equity. The Equity Pledge Agreements will terminate on the second anniversary of the date when E-commerce Tianjin, Mr. Zeyao Xue and Mr. Kai Xu have completed all their obligations under the contractual agreements described above.
4) | Exclusive Operation and Use Rights Authorization letter which authorizes Chain Cloud Mall E-commerce (Tianjin) Co., Ltd, to exclusively operate and use the Chain Cloud Mall System and the authorization period is the same as the term of the Exclusive Technology Consulting and Service Agreement entered into by and between Chain Cloud Mall Network and Technology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. and Cloud Chain Mall E-commerce (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. dated July 31, 2019.
5) | GlobalKey Shared Mall Shopping Platform Software and System Transfer Agreement by and between Future Supply Chain Co., Ltd. and CCM Tianjin, pursuant to which the GlobalKey Shared Mall Shopping Platform Software and System was transferred from Future Supply China Co., Ltd. to CCM Tianjin and that both parties were wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company and transfer price is $0.
(6) | Spousal Consent Letters. The spouse of Mr. Kai Xu (Mr. Zeyao Xue is not married), the shareholder of E-Commerce Tianjin has signed a spousal consent letter agreeing that the equity interests in E-Commerce Tianjin held by and registered under the name of such shareholder will be disposed pursuant to the contractual agreements with CCM Tianjin. The spouse of such shareholder agreed not to assert any rights over the equity interest in E-Commerce Tianjin held by such shareholder.
New Accounting Pronouncements In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 (“ASU 2016-13”) “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses” (“ASC 326”): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss model which requires the use of forward-looking information to calculate credit loss estimates. It also eliminates the concept of other-than-temporary impairment and requires credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities. These changes will result in earlier recognition of credit losses. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10 “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASC 2019-10”), which defers the effective date of ASU 2016-13 to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, for public entities which meet the definition of a smaller reporting company. The Company will adopt ASU 2016-13 effective January 1, 2023. Management is currently evaluating the effect of the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on the consolidated financial statements. The effect will largely depend on the composition and credit quality of our investment portfolio and the economic conditions at the time of adoption. In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832): Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance. The amendments in this update require disclosures about transactions with a government that have been accounted for by analogizing to a grant or contribution accounting model to increase transparency about (1) the types of transactions, (2) the accounting for the transactions, and (3) the effect of the transactions on an entity’s financial statements. The amendments are effective for all entities within their scope, which excludes not-for-profit entities and employee benefit plans, for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. Early application of the amendment is permitted. The Company adopted ASU No. 2021-10 effective January 1, 2022. Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material impact on the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

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