Investments

12 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Note 4. Investments

The Company’s investments, at any time, may include securities and other financial instruments, including, without limitation, corporate and government bonds, convertible securities, collateralized loan obligations, term loans, revolvers and delayed draw facilities, trade claims, equity securities, privately negotiated securities, direct placements, working interests, warrants and investment derivatives (such as credit default swaps, recovery swaps, total return swaps, options, forward contracts, and futures) (all of the foregoing collectively referred to in these financial statements as “investments”).

a. Certain Risk Factors

In the ordinary course of business, the Company manages a variety of risks including market risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. The Company identifies, measures and monitors risk through various control mechanisms, including trading limits and diversifying exposures and activities across a variety of instruments, markets and counterparties.

Market risk is the risk of potential adverse changes to the value of financial instruments because of changes in market conditions, including as a result of changes in the credit quality of a particular issuer, credit spreads, interest rates, and other movements and volatility in security prices or commodities. In particular, the Company may invest in issuers that are experiencing or have experienced financial or business difficulties (including difficulties resulting from the initiation or prospect of significant litigation or bankruptcy proceedings), which involves significant risks. The Company manages its exposure to market risk through the use of risk management strategies and various analytical monitoring techniques.

With respect to liquidity risk, the Company’s assets may, at any time, include securities and other financial instruments or obligations that are illiquid or thinly traded, making the purchase or sale of such securities and financial instruments at desired prices or in desired quantities difficult. Furthermore, the sale of any such investments may be possible only at substantial discounts, and it may be extremely difficult to value any such investments accurately.

Credit risk is the potential loss the Company may incur from a failure of an issuer to make payments according to the terms of a contract. The Company is subject to credit risk because of its strategy of investing in the debt of leveraged companies and its involvement in derivative instruments. The Company’s exposure to credit risk on its investments is limited to the fair value of the investments. With regard to derivatives, the Company attempts to limit its credit risk by considering its counterparty’s (or its guarantor’s) credit rating.

b. Investments

Investment purchases, sales and principal payments/paydowns are summarized below for the years ended June 30, 2024, June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, respectively. These purchase and sale amounts exclude derivative instruments as well as non-cash restructurings.


	Year ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2022
Investment purchases, at cost (including PIK interest)	$	65,395,203	$	53,237,881	$	145,380,662
Investment sales and repayments		92,303,435		61,928,745		153,877,788

The composition of the Company’s investments as of June 30, 2024, by investment type, as a percentage of the total portfolio, at amortized cost and fair value, are as follows:


Investment Type	Investments at Amortized Cost		Percentage of Total Portfolio		Investments at Fair Value		Percentage of Total Portfolio
Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments	$	166,099,349	81.23	%	$	156,927,316	85.02	%
Equity, Warrants and Other Investments		38,369,691	18.77			27,642,214	14.98
Total	$	204,469,040	100.00	%	$	184,569,530	100.00	%

The composition of the Company’s investments as of June 30, 2023, by investment type, as a percentage of the total portfolio, at amortized cost and fair value, are as follows:


Investment Type	Investments at Amortized Cost		Percentage of Total Portfolio		Investments at Fair Value		Percentage of Total Portfolio
Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments	$	214,100,857	88.00	%	$	196,370,955	89.21	%
Equity, Warrants and Other Investments		29,197,959	12.00			23,740,374	10.79
Total	$	243,298,816	100.00	%	$	220,111,329	100.00	%

The Company uses Global Industry Classification Standard (“GICS”) codes to identify the industry groupings in its portfolio. The following table shows the portfolio composition by industry grouping at fair value at June 30, 2024:


Industry Classification	Investments at Fair Value		Percentage of Total Portfolio
Commercial Services & Supplies	$	24,919,271	13.50	%
Professional Services		20,702,433	11.22
Trading Companies & Distributors		16,814,468	9.11
Containers & Packaging		13,534,625	7.34
Food Products		8,842,781	4.79
Entertainment		8,811,199	4.77
IT Services		8,681,364	4.70
Household Durables		7,625,716	4.13
Insurance		7,406,155	4.01
Chemicals		7,206,650	3.90
Diversified Consumer Services		7,194,708	3.90
Specialty Retail		6,665,397	3.61
Automotive Retail		5,678,135	3.08
Health Care Providers & Services		5,400,000	2.93
Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail		5,341,899	2.89
Software		5,044,158	2.73
Consumer Services		4,923,445	2.67
Paper Packaging		4,914,784	2.66
Construction & Engineering		3,662,626	1.99
Human Resources & Employment Services		2,985,000	1.62
Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure		2,947,612	1.60
Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components		2,645,950	1.43
Automobile Components		2,621,154	1.42
Total	$	184,569,530	100.00	%

The following table shows the portfolio composition by industry grouping at fair value at June 30, 2023:


Industry Classification	Investments at Fair Value		Percentage of Total Portfolio
Trading Companies & Distributors	$	35,176,879	15.98	%
Professional Services		28,238,167	12.83
IT Services		23,576,450	10.71
Commercial Services & Supplies		14,329,460	6.51
Software		13,772,487	6.26
Containers & Packaging		12,958,772	5.89
Machinery		9,602,806	4.36
Internet & Direct Marketing Retail		8,969,729	4.08
Entertainment		7,640,000	3.47
Household Durables		7,610,242	3.46
Chemicals		7,568,617	3.44
Diversified Consumer Services		7,268,500	3.30
Automobile Components		7,261,275	3.30
Hotels, Restaurants, and Leisure		6,283,541	2.85
Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail		6,061,396	2.75
Specialty Retail		5,148,000	2.34
Building Products		4,511,719	2.05
Food Products		4,288,750	1.95
Automotive Retail		3,878,905	1.76
Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components		3,265,598	1.48
Energy Equipment & Services		2,700,036	1.23
Total	$	220,111,329	100.00	%

The following table shows the portfolio composition by geographic grouping at fair value at June 30, 2024:


Geographic Region	Investments at Fair Value		Percentage of Total Portfolio
U.S. Northeast	$	58,910,596	31.92	%
U.S. West		56,404,520	30.56
U.S. Southeast		31,435,714	17.03
U.S. Midwest		24,434,485	13.24
U.S. Mid-Atlantic		6,717,548	3.64
U.S. Southwest		3,416,612	1.85
International		3,250,055	1.76
Total	$	184,569,530	100.00	%

The following table shows the portfolio composition by geographic grouping at fair value at June 30, 2023:


Geographic Region	Investments at Fair Value		Percentage of Total Portfolio
U.S. Northeast	$	94,658,227	43.00	%
U.S. West		44,911,266	20.40
U.S. Midwest		26,602,440	12.09
U.S. Southeast		20,803,349	9.45
U.S. Mid-Atlantic		17,721,607	8.05
U.S. Southwest		10,367,607	4.71
International		5,046,833	2.30
Total	$	220,111,329	100.00	%

The Company’s primary investment objective is to maximize total return to stockholders in the form of current income and capital appreciation by investing directly in debt and related equity of privately held middle-market companies to help these companies fund acquisitions, growth or refinancing. During the year ended June 30, 2024, the Company made investments in new and existing portfolio companies of approximately $60.4 million, to which it was not previously contractually committed to provide financial support. During the year ended June 30, 2024, the Company made investments of $2.2 million in companies to which it was committed to provide financial support through the terms of the revolvers and delayed draw term loans. The details of the Company’s investments have been disclosed on the Consolidated Schedule of Investments.

c. Derivatives

Derivative contracts include total return swaps and embedded derivatives in Notes Payable. The Company enters into derivative contracts as part of its investment strategies. The Company may enter into derivative contracts as part of its investment strategies. On October 28, 2020, the SEC adopted a rule that modifies the conditions by which BDCs can enter into, or “cover” open positions pursuant to, certain derivatives contracts that involve potential future payment obligations (the “Derivatives Rule”). The Derivatives Rule requires a BDC entering into a derivatives contract to develop and implement a derivatives risk management program, to comply with an outer limit on asset coverage ratio based on the VaR (“value-at-risk”) test, and to report its derivative activity to its board of directors on a regular basis. The Derivatives Rule also contains exceptions to these conditions for any fund that limits its exposure to derivatives positions to 10 percent of its net assets. At June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, the Company held no derivative contracts.

d. Fair Value Measurements

ASC 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a framework for measuring fair value and a valuation hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation of an asset or liability based upon their transparency. The valuation hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). Classification within the hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value have been classified in the following three categories:

Level 1 — valuation is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 — valuation is based on inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, such as (a) quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; (b) quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, that is, markets in which there are few transactions for the asset or liability, the prices are not current, or price quotations vary substantially either over time or among market makers, or in which little information is released publicly; (c) inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; or (d) inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3 — valuation is based on unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Unobservable inputs are used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date. However, the fair value measurement objective remains the same, that is, an exit price from the perspective of a market participant that holds the asset or owes the liability. Therefore, unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk. Unobservable inputs are developed based on the best information available under the circumstances, which might include the Company’s own data. The Company’s own data used to develop unobservable inputs is adjusted if information is reasonably available without undue cost and effort that indicates that market participants would use different assumptions.

The availability of observable inputs can vary from security to security and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of security, whether the security is new and not yet established in the marketplace, the liquidity of the market and other characteristics particular to the security. To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3.

Estimates of fair value for cash and restricted cash are measured using observable, quoted market prices, or Level 1 inputs. All other fair value significant estimates are measured using unobservable inputs, or Level 3 inputs.

The following table summarizes the classifications within the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value as of June 30, 2024:


	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Investments
Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments	$	—	$	—	$	156,927,316	$	156,927,316
Equity, Warrants and Other Investments		—		—		27,642,214		27,642,214
Total Investments	$	—	$	—	$	184,569,530	$	184,569,530

The following table summarizes the classifications within the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value as of June 30, 2023:


	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Investments
Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments	$	—	$	—	$	196,370,955	$	196,370,955
Equity, Warrants and Other Investments		—		—		23,740,374		23,740,374
Total Investments	$	—	$	—	$	220,111,329	$	220,111,329

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for investments that use Level 3 inputs for the year ended June 30, 2024:


	Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments		Senior Secured Second Lien Debt Investments		Unsecured Debt Investments		Equity, Warrants and Other Investments		Total Investments
Fair value at June 30, 2023	$	196,370,955	$	—	$	—	$	23,740,374	$	220,111,329
Purchases (including PIK interest)		60,523,383		—		—		4,871,820		65,395,203
Sales and repayments		(92,303,435)		—		—		—		(92,303,435)
Amortization		2,049,993		—		—		—		2,049,993
Net realized gains (losses)		(13,909,425)		—		—		(62,112)		(13,971,537)
Transfers in		—		—		—		4,362,023		4,362,023
Transfers out		(4,362,023)		—		—		—		(4,362,023)
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)		8,557,868		—		—		(5,269,891)		3,287,977
Fair value at June 30, 2024	$	156,927,316	$	—	$	—	$	27,642,214	$	184,569,530
Change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) relating to assets still held as of June 30, 2024	$	(69,131)	$	—	$	—	$	(5,332,004)	$	(5,401,135)

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for investments that use Level 3 inputs for the year ended June 30, 2023:


	Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments		Senior Secured Second Lien Debt Investments		Unsecured Debt Investments		Equity, Warrants and Other Investments		Total Investments
Fair value at June 30, 2022	$	214,858,036	$	—	$	—	$	18,825,950	$	233,683,986
Purchases (including PIK interest)		51,824,515		—		—		1,413,366		53,237,881
Sales and repayments		(61,928,745)		—		—		—		(61,928,745)
Amortization		1,311,770		—		—		—		1,311,770
Net realized gains (losses)		(9,515,487)		(17,374,608)		—		—		(26,890,095)
Transfers in		—		—		—		1,708,942		1,708,942
Transfers out		(1,708,942)		—		—		—		(1,708,942)
Net change in unrealized (depreciation) appreciation		1,529,808		17,374,608		—		1,792,116		20,696,532
Fair value at June 30, 2023	$	196,370,955	$	—	$	—	$	23,740,374	$	220,111,329
Change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) relating to assets still held as of June 30, 2023	$	(7,507,021)	$	—	$	—	$	1,377,567	$	(6,129,454)

Transfers into Level 3 during or at the end of the reporting period are reported under Level 1 or Level 2 as of the beginning of the period. Transfers out of Level 3 during or at the end of the reporting period are reported under Level 3 as of the beginning of the period. Changes in unrealized gains (losses) relating to Level 3 instruments are included in net change in unrealized (depreciation) appreciation on investments and derivatives on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

During the year ended June 30, 2024, $4,362,023 transferred from Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments Level 3 to Equity, Warrants and Other Investments Level 3 due to restructuring. During the year ended June 30, 2023, $1,708,942 transferred from Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments Level 3 to Equity, Warrants and Other Investments Level 3 due to restructuring and during the year ended June 30, 2022, $1,184,506 transferred from Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments Level 3 to Equity, Warrants and Other Investments Level 3 due to restructuring.

The following tables provide quantitative information regarding the Company’s Level 3 fair value measurements as of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023. This information presents the significant unobservable inputs that were used in the valuation of each type of investment. These inputs are not representative of the inputs that could have been used in the valuation of any one investment. For example, the highest market yield presented in the table for senior secured notes is appropriate for valuing a specific investment but may not be appropriate for valuing any other investment. Accordingly, the ranges of inputs presented below do not represent uncertainty in, or possible ranges of, fair value measurements of the Company’s Level 3 investments. In addition to the techniques and inputs noted in the tables below, according to our valuation policy we may also use other valuation techniques and methodologies when determining our fair value measurements. The below tables are not intended to be all-inclusive, but rather provide information on the significant unobservable inputs as they relate to the Company’s determination of fair values.

         
        Fair Value as of June 30, 2024

        Valuation 
Methodology

        Unobservable 
Input(s)

        Weighted 
Average

        Range

        Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments

        $

        118,225,491

         Income Approach

         Market Yields

        13.8%

        10.3%-22.8%

        Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments

        10,365,103

         Market Comparable Approach

         EBITDA Multiple

        9.3x

        4.5x-13.3x

        Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments

        —

         Market Comparable Approach

         Revenue Multiple

        N/A

        N/A

        Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments

        15,863,655

         Recent Transaction

         Recent Transaction

        N/A

        N/A

        Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments

        12,473,067

         Recovery Analysis

         Recovery Amount*

        N/A

        N/A

        Equity, Warrants, and Other Investments

        6,126,488

         Income Approach

         Market Yields

        16.5%

        16.5%

        Equity, Warrants, and Other Investments

        21,515,726

         Market Comparable Approach

         EBITDA multiple

        10.3x

        4.5x-18.2x

        Equity, Warrants, and Other Investments

        —

         Recent Transaction

         Recent Transaction

        N/A

        N/A

* Recovery amounts involve various unobservable inputs including probabilities of different recovery scenarios, valuation multiples under such scenarios, and the timing to realize the associated recovery values.

         
        Fair Value as of
June 30, 2023

        Valuation
Methodology

        Unobservable
Input(s)

        Weighted
Average

        Range

        Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments

        $

        161,776,983

        Income Approach

        Market Yields

        13.3%

        10.1% - 18.0%

        Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments

        13,895,260

        Market Comparable Approach

        EBITDA Multiple

        17.3x

        5.7x – 21.2x

        Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments

        5,272,355

        Market Comparable Approach

        Revenue Multiple

        0.3x

        0.30x – 0.38x

        Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments

        15,209,280

        Recent Transaction

        Recent Transaction

        N/A

        N/A

        Senior Secured First Lien Debt Investments

        217,077

        Recovery Analysis

        Recovery Amount

        N/A

        N/A

        Equity, Warrants and Other Investments

        4,824,752

        Income Approach

        Market Yields

        18.0%

        18.0%

        Equity, Warrants and Other Investments

        18,915,622

        Market Comparable Approach

        EBITDA multiple

        8.7x

        5.7x – 24.2x

        Equity, Warrants and Other Investments

        —

        Market Comparable Approach

        Revenue Multiple

        0.3x

        0.3x

Fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 are sensitive to changes in the assumptions or methodology used to determine fair value and such changes could result in a significant increase or decrease in the fair value. Significant increases in illiquidity discounts, PIK discounts and market yields would result in significantly lower fair value measurements.