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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2012
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Farmer Bros. Co. and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Organization Farmer Bros. Co., a Delaware corporation (including its consolidated subsidiaries unless the context otherwise requires, the “Company,” or “Farmer Bros.”), is a manufacturer, wholesaler and distributor of coffee, tea and culinary products. The Company is a direct distributor of coffee to restaurants, hotels, casinos, hospitals and other foodservice providers, and is a provider of private brand coffee programs to Quick Serve Restaurants ("QSR's"), grocery retailers, national drugstore chains, restaurant chains, convenience stores and independent coffee houses, nationwide. The Company was founded in 1912, was incorporated in California in 1923, and reincorporated in Delaware in 2004. The Company operates in one business segment. The Company’s product line includes roasted coffee, liquid coffee, coffee-related products such as coffee filters, sugar and creamers, assorted teas, cappuccino, cocoa, spices, gelatins and puddings, soup bases, gravy and sauce mixes, pancake and biscuit mixes, and jellies and preserves. Most sales are made “off-truck” by the Company to its customers at their places of business. The Company serves its customers from six distribution centers and its distribution trucks are replenished from 117 branch warehouses located throughout the contiguous United States. The Company operates its own trucking fleet to support its long-haul distribution requirements. A portion of the Company’s products is distributed by third parties or is direct shipped via common carrier. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries FBC Finance Company and Coffee Bean Holding Co., Inc. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated. Financial Statement Preparation The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturity dates of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents. Fair values of cash equivalents approximate cost due to the short period of time to maturity. Investments The Company’s investments consist of money market instruments, marketable debt and equity securities, various derivative instruments, primarily exchange traded treasury and green coffee futures and options. Investments are held for trading purposes and stated at fair value. All derivative instruments not designated as accounting hedges are marked to market and changes are recognized in current earnings. At June 30, 2012 and 2011, no derivative instruments were designated as accounting hedges. The fair value of derivative instruments is based upon broker quotes. The cost of investments sold is determined on the specific identification method. Dividend and interest income is accrued as earned. Concentration of Credit Risk At June 30, 2012, the financial instruments which potentially expose the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash in financial institutions (which exceeds federally insured limits), short-term investments, investments in the preferred stocks of other companies and trade receivables. Cash equivalents and short-term investments are not concentrated by issuer, industry or geographic area. Maturities are generally shorter than 180 days. Investments in the preferred stocks of other companies are limited to high quality issuers and are not concentrated by geographic area or issuer. Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade receivables for the Company is limited due to the large number of customers comprising the Company’s customer base and their dispersion across many different geographic areas. The trade receivables are generally short-term and all probable bad debt losses have been appropriately considered in establishing the allowance for doubtful accounts. In fiscal 2010, based on a larger customer base due to the recent Company acquisitions and in response to slower collection of the Company’s accounts receivable resulting from the impact of the economic downturn on the Company’s customers, the Company increased its allowance for doubtful accounts from the previous fiscal year by$2.1 million and recorded a $3.2 million charge to bad debt expense. In fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011, due to improvements in the collection of past due accounts, the Company reduced its allowance for doubtful accounts by $1.0 million and $0.4 million, respectively. Inventories Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. The Company accounts for coffee, tea and culinary products on a last in, first out (“LIFO”) basis, and coffee brewing equipment manufactured on a first in, first out (“FIFO”) basis. The Company regularly evaluates these inventories to determine whether market conditions are correctly reflected in the recorded carrying value. At the end of each quarter, the Company records the expected beneficial effect of the liquidation of LIFO inventory quantities and records the actual impact at fiscal year-end. An actual valuation of inventory under the LIFO method is made only at the end of each fiscal year based on the inventory levels and costs at that time. If inventory quantities decline at the end of the fiscal year compared to the beginning of the fiscal year, the reduction results in the liquidation of LIFO inventory quantities carried at the cost prevailing in prior years. This LIFO inventory liquidation may result in a decrease or increase in cost of goods sold depending on whether the cost prevailing in prior years was lower or higher, respectively, than the current year cost. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment is carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. The following useful lives are used:
Buildings and facilities | 10 to 30 years
Machinery and equipment | 3 to 5 years
Equipment under capital leases | Term of lease
Office furniture and equipment | 5 years
Capitalized software | 3 years
When assets are sold or retired, the asset and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective account balances and any gain or loss on disposal is included in operations. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense, and betterments are capitalized. Coffee Brewing Equipment and Service The Company classifies certain expenses related to coffee brewing equipment provided to customers as cost of goods sold. These costs include the cost of the equipment as well as the cost of servicing that equipment (including service employees’ salaries, cost of transportation and the cost of supplies and parts) and are considered directly attributable to the generation of revenues from its customers. Accordingly, such costs included in cost of goods sold in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for the years ended June 30, 2012, 2011 and 2010 are $24.9 million, $27.1 million and $21.5 million, respectively. The Company has capitalized coffee brewing equipment in the amounts of $13.9 million and $12.7 million in fiscal 2012 and 2011, respectively. During fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010, the Company had depreciation expense related to the capitalized coffee brewing equipment reported as cost of goods sold in the amounts of $12.2 million, $9.6 million and $6.1 million, respectively. Income Taxes Deferred income taxes are determined based on the temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which differences are expected to reverse. Estimating the Company’s tax liabilities involves judgments related to uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. The Company makes certain estimates and judgments to determine tax expense for financial statement purposes as they evaluate the effect of tax credits, tax benefits and deductions, some of which result from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue or expense for tax and financial statement purposes. Changes to these estimates may result in significant changes to the Company’s tax provision in future periods. Each fiscal quarter the Company reevaluates their tax provision and reconsiders their estimates and their assumptions related to specific tax assets and liabilities, making adjustments as circumstances change. Revenue Recognition Most product sales are made “off-truck” to the Company’s customers at their places of business by the Company’s sales representatives. Revenue is recognized at the time the Company’s sales representatives physically deliver products to customers and title passes or when it is accepted by the customer when shipped by third-party delivery. The Company sells roast and ground coffee and tea to The J.M. Smucker Company ("J.M. Smucker") pursuant to a co‑packing agreement as J.M. Smucker's agent. The co-packing agreement was assigned by Sara Lee Corporation ("Sara Lee") to J.M. Smucker on February 17, 2012, as part of J.M. Smucker's acquisition of Sara Lee's coffee business. The Company recognizes revenue from this arrangement on a net basis, net of direct costs of revenue. As of June 30, 2012 and 2011, the Company had $0.8 million and $4.9 million, respectively, of receivables relating to this arrangement which are included in "Other receivables" (see Note 3). Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) represents net earnings attributable to common stockholders divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period (see Note 13), excluding unallocated shares held by the Company's Employee Stock Ownership Plan. Diluted EPS represents net earnings attributable to common stockholders divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, inclusive of the dilutive impact of common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. However, nonvested restricted stock awards (referred to as participating securities) are excluded from the dilutive impact of common equivalent shares outstanding in accordance with authoritative guidance under the two-class method since the nonvested restricted stockholders are entitled to participate in dividends declared on common stock as if the shares were fully vested and hence are deemed to be participating securities. Under the two-class method, earnings (loss) attributable to nonvested restricted stockholders are excluded from net earnings (loss) attributable to common stockholders for purposes of calculating basic and diluted EPS. Computation of EPS for the years ended June 30, 2012, 2011 and 2010 does not include the dilutive effect of 667,235, 497,810 and 404,943 shares, respectively, issuable under stock options since their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements present only basic net income (loss) per common share (see Note 13). Dividends Declared Although historically the Company has paid a dividend to stockholders, in light of the Company’s current financial position, the Company’s Board of Directors has omitted the payment of a quarterly dividend since the third quarter of fiscal 2011. The amount, if any, of dividends to be paid in the future will depend upon the Company’s then available cash, anticipated cash needs, overall financial condition, loan agreement restrictions, future prospects for earnings and cash flows, as well as other relevant factors. Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) Compensation cost for the ESOP is based on the fair market value of shares released or deemed to be released for the period. Dividends on allocated shares retain the character of true dividends, but dividends on unallocated shares are considered compensation cost. As a leveraged ESOP with the Company as lender, a contra equity account is established to offset the Company’s note receivable. The contra account will change as compensation is recognized. Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets The Company performs its annual goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment test as of June 30 of each fiscal year. Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but instead are reviewed for impairment annually and on an interim basis if events or changes in circumstances between annual tests indicate that an asset might be impaired. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment by comparing their fair values to their carrying values. Testing for impairment of goodwill is a two-step process. The first step requires the Company to compare the fair value of its reporting units to the carrying value of the net assets of the respective reporting units, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value, goodwill of the reporting unit is potentially impaired and the Company then completes step two to measure the impairment loss, if any. The second step requires the calculation of the implied fair value of goodwill, which is the residual fair value remaining after deducting the fair value of all tangible and intangible net assets of the reporting unit from the fair value of the reporting unit. If the implied fair value of goodwill is less than the carrying amount of goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the difference. In its annual test of impairment in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, the Company identified indicators of impairment including a decline in market capitalization and continuing losses from operations arising from its DSD coffee business. The Company performed impairment tests to determine the recoverability of the carrying values of the assets or if impairment should be measured. The Company was required to make estimates of the fair value of the Company's intangible assets, and all assets of CBI, the reporting unit, which were based on the use of the income approach and/or market approach. The Company used the relief from royalty method under the income approach to estimate the fair value of its indefinite-lived intangible assets. Inputs to this method included estimated royalty rates associated with licensing and franchise royalty agreements in related industries, which are Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. To estimate the fair value of CBI, the Company used discounted cash flow analysis under the income approach and the guideline public company method under the market approach. Inputs to the discounted cash flow analysis included the projection of future cash flows which are Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. Inputs to the guideline public company analysis included valuation multiples of publicly traded companies similar to CBI, which are Level 2 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. As a result of these impairment tests, the Company determined that the Company's trademarks acquired in connection with the CBI acquisition were impaired and that the carrying value of all of the assets of CBI excluding goodwill exceeded their estimated fair values resulting in an implied fair value of zero for CBI's goodwill. Accordingly, in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, the Company recorded total impairment charges of $5.6 million including $5.1 million in impairment losses on goodwill. Long-Lived Assets, Excluding Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets The Company reviews the recoverability of its long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Long-lived assets evaluated for impairment are grouped with other assets to the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities. The estimated future cash flows are based upon, among other things, assumptions about expected future operating performance, and may differ from actual cash flows. If the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows (excluding interest) is less than the carrying value of the assets, the assets will be written down to the estimated fair value in the period in which the determination is made. In its annual test of impairment as of the end of fiscal 2011, the Company identified indicators of impairment including a decline in market capitalization and continuing losses from operations. The Company performed impairment tests to determine the recoverability of the carrying values of the assets or if impairment should be measured. The carrying value of these intangible assets was higher than the sum of each of their projected undiscounted cash flows. The Company was required to make estimates of the fair value of the intangible assets in this group, which were based on the use of the income approach. Inputs to the analysis include the projection of future cash flows which are Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. The Company determined that definite-lived intangible assets consisting of the customer relationships acquired, and the distribution agreement and co-pack agreement entered into, in connection with the DSD Coffee Business acquisition were impaired. The total impairment charge recorded in operating expenses on the consolidated statement of operations as a result of the impairment test was $7.8 million. Shipping and Handling Costs The Company distributes its products directly to its customers and shipping and handling costs are recorded as Company selling expenses. Collective Bargaining Agreements Certain Company employees are subject to collective bargaining agreements. The duration of these agreements extend to 2014. Approximately 34% of the workforce is covered by such agreements. Reclassifications Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year balances to conform to the current year presentation. Recently Adopted Accounting Standards In September 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-09, “Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Multiemployer Plans (Subtopic 715-80), Disclosures about an Employer's Participation in a Multiemployer Plan” (“ASU 2011-09”). ASU 2011-09 requires companies participating in multiemployer pension plans to disclose more information about the multiemployer plan(s), the employer's level of participation in the multiemployer plan(s), the financial health of the plan(s), and the nature of the employer's commitments to the plan(s). The Company adopted the amendments effective fiscal year ended June 30, 2012. Since ASU 2011-09 does not change the accounting for an employer's participation in a multiemployer plan, adoption of ASU 2011-09 did not impact the results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company. In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), Presentation of Comprehensive Income” (“ASU 2011-05”). The new GAAP guidance gives companies two choices of how to present items of net income, items of other comprehensive income (loss) ("OCI") and total comprehensive income (loss): Companies can create one continuous statement of comprehensive income or two separate consecutive statements. Companies will no longer be allowed to present OCI in the statement of stockholders’ equity. Earnings per share would continue to be based on net income. Although existing guidance related to items that must be presented in OCI has not changed, companies will be required to display reclassification adjustments for each component of OCI in both net income and OCI. Also, companies will need to present the components of OCI in their interim and annual financial statements. The amendments in the ASU should be applied retrospectively. For public entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company adopted the amendments effective fiscal year ended June 30, 2012. Adoption of ASU 2011-05 did not impact the results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company. New Accounting Pronouncements In January 2012, the FASB proposed guidance that would give companies the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired. The proposed guidance is similar to ASU 2011-08, "Testing Goodwill for Impairment." Companies would consider relevant events and circumstances that may affect the significant inputs used in determining the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset. A company that concludes that it is more likely than not that the fair value of such an asset exceeds its carrying amount would not need to calculate the fair value of the asset in the current year. However, if a company concludes that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired, it must calculate the fair value of the asset and compare that value with its carrying amount, as is required by current guidance. The final amendments would be applied prospectively for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012, with early adoption permitted, and, for the Company, the amendments are effective beginning in July 1, 2013. The Company believes that adoption of ASU 2011-04 will not impact the results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company. In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs” (“ASU 2011-04”). The ASU amends the fair value measurement and disclosure guidance in ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurement,” to converge GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards requirements for measuring amounts at fair value as well as disclosures about these measurements. Many of the amendments clarify existing concepts and are generally not expected to result in significant changes to how many companies currently apply the fair value principles. In certain instances, however, the FASB changed a principle to achieve convergence, and while limited, these amendments have the potential to significantly change practice for some companies. For public entities, the amendments are effective during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and, for the Company, the amendments are effective beginning in July 1, 2012. The Company believes that adoption of ASU 2011-04 will not impact the results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company.

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