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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2013
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Farmer Bros. Co. and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Organization Farmer Bros. Co., a Delaware corporation (including its consolidated subsidiaries unless the context otherwise requires, the “Company,” or “Farmer Bros.”), is a manufacturer, wholesaler and distributor of coffee, tea and culinary products. The Company is a direct distributor of coffee to restaurants, hotels, casinos, offices, quick service restaurants ("QSR's"), convenience stores, healthcare facilities and other foodservice providers, as well as private brand retailers in the QSR, grocery, drugstore, restaurant, convenience store and independent coffeehouse channels. The Company was founded in 1912, was incorporated in California in 1923, and reincorporated in Delaware in 2004. The Company operates in one business segment. The Company’s product line includes roasted coffee, liquid coffee, coffee-related products such as coffee filters, sugar and creamers, assorted iced and hot teas, cappuccino, cocoa, spices, gelatins and puddings, soup bases, dressings, gravy and sauce mixes, pancake and biscuit mixes, and jellies and preserves. Most sales are made “off-truck” by the Company to its customers at their places of business. The Company serves its customers from six distribution centers and its distribution trucks are replenished from 117 branch warehouses located throughout the contiguous United States. The Company operates its own trucking fleet to support its long-haul distribution requirements. A portion of the Company’s products is distributed by third parties or is direct shipped via common carrier. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries FBC Finance Company and Coffee Bean Holding Co., Inc. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated. Financial Statement Preparation The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturity dates of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents. Fair values of cash equivalents approximate cost due to the short period of time to maturity. Investments The Company’s investments consist of money market instruments, marketable debt and equity securities, various derivative instruments, primarily exchange traded treasury and green coffee futures and options. Investments are held for trading purposes and stated at fair value. The cost of investments sold is determined on the specific identification method. Dividend and interest income is accrued as earned. Derivative Instruments The Company purchases various derivative instruments as investments or to create economic hedges of its commodity price risk and interest rate risk. These derivative instruments consist primarily of futures and swaps. The Company reports the fair value of derivative instruments on its consolidated balance sheets in "Short-term investments," "Other assets," "Short-term derivative liability," or "Long-term derivative liability." The Company determines the current and noncurrent classification based on the timing of expected future cash flows of individual trades and reports these amounts on a gross basis. Additionally, the Company reports cash held on deposit in margin accounts for coffee-related derivative instruments on a gross basis. The accounting for the changes in fair value of the Company's derivative instruments can be summarized as follows:
Derivative Treatment |  | Accounting Method
Normal purchases and normal sales exception |  | Accrual accounting
Designated in a qualifying hedging relationship |  | Hedge accounting
All other derivatives |  | Mark-to-market accounting
The Company enters into green coffee purchase commitments at a fixed price or at a price to be fixed (“PTF”). PTF contracts are purchase commitments whereby the quality, quantity, delivery period, price differential to the coffee "C" market price and other negotiated terms are agreed upon, but the date, and therefore the price at which the base “C” market price will be fixed has not yet been established. The coffee "C" market price is fixed at some point after the purchase contract date and before the futures market closes for the delivery month. For both fixed-price and PTF contracts, the Company expects to take delivery of and to utilize the coffee in a reasonable period of time and in the conduct of normal business. Accordingly, these purchase commitments qualify as normal purchases and are not recorded at fair value on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Prior to April 1, 2013, the Company had no derivative instruments that were designated as accounting hedges. Beginning April 1, 2013, the Company implemented procedures following the guidelines of ASC 815, "Derivatives and Hedging" ("ASC 815"), to enable it to account for certain coffee-related derivatives as accounting hedges in order to minimize the volatility created in the Company's quarterly results from utilizing these derivative contracts and to improve comparability between reporting periods. For a derivative to qualify for designation in a hedging relationship, it must meet specific criteria and the Company must maintain appropriate documentation. The Company establishes hedging relationships pursuant to its risk management policies. The hedging relationships are evaluated at the inception of the hedging relationship and on an ongoing basis to determine whether the hedging relationship is, and is expected to remain, highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows attributable to the underlying risk being hedged. The Company also regularly assesses whether the hedged forecasted transaction is probable of occurring. If a derivative ceases to be or is no longer expected to be highly effective, or if the Company believes the likelihood of occurrence of the hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable, hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively, and future changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized currently in “Other, net.” For commodity derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the change in fair value of the derivative is reported as accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) and subsequently reclassified into cost of goods sold in the period or periods when the hedged transaction affects earnings. Any ineffective portion of the derivative's change in fair value is recognized currently in “Other, net.” Gains or losses deferred in AOCI associated with terminated derivatives, derivatives that cease to be highly effective hedges, derivatives for which the forecasted transaction is reasonably possible but no longer probable of occurring, and cash flow hedges that have been otherwise discontinued remain in AOCI until the hedged item affects earnings. If it becomes probable that the forecasted transaction designated as the hedged item in a cash flow hedge will not occur, any gain or loss deferred in AOCI is recognized in “Other, net” at that time. For derivative instruments that are not designated in a hedging relationship, and for which the normal purchases and normal sales exception has not been elected, the changes in fair value are reported in “Other, net.” The following gains and losses on derivative instruments are netted together and reported in “Other, net” in the Company's consolidated statement of operations:
• | Realized and unrealized gains and losses on all derivatives that are not designated as cash flow hedges and for which the normal purchases and normal sales exception has not been elected; and
• | The ineffective portion of unrealized gains and losses on derivatives that are designated as cash flow hedges.
The fair value of derivative instruments is based upon broker quotes. At June 30, 2013, approximately 89% of the Company's outstanding coffee-related derivative instruments were designated as cash flow hedges (see Note 3). At June 30, 2012, no derivative instruments were designated as accounting hedges. Concentration of Credit Risk At June 30, 2013, the financial instruments which potentially expose the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash in financial institutions (which exceeds federally insured limits), short-term investments, investments in the preferred stocks of other companies, derivatives and trade receivables. Cash equivalents and short-term investments are not concentrated by issuer, industry or geographic area. Maturities are generally shorter than 180 days. Investments in the preferred stocks of other companies are limited to high quality issuers and are not concentrated by geographic area or issuer. The Company does not have any credit-risk related contingent features that would require it, in certain circumstances, to post additional collateral in support of its net derivative liability positions. The Company had $8.1 million and $1.6 million, respectively, in restricted cash representing cash held on deposit in margin accounts for coffee-related derivative instruments at June 30, 2013 and 2012 (see Note 6). Changes in commodity prices could have a significant impact on cash deposit requirements under the Company's broker and counterparty agreements. Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade receivables for the Company is limited due to the large number of customers comprising the Company’s customer base and their dispersion across many different geographic areas. The trade receivables are generally short-term and all probable bad debt losses have been appropriately considered in establishing the allowance for doubtful accounts. In fiscal 2010, based on a larger customer base due to the recent Company acquisitions and in response to slower collection of the Company’s accounts receivable resulting from the impact of the economic downturn on the Company’s customers, the Company increased its allowance for doubtful accounts from the previous fiscal year by $2.1 million and recorded a $3.2 million charge to bad debt expense. Due to improved collections of outstanding receivables, in fiscal 2013, 2012 and 2011, the Company decreased the allowance for doubtful accounts by $0.8 million, $1.0 million and $0.4 million, respectively. Inventories Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. The Company accounts for coffee, tea and culinary products on a last in, first out (“LIFO”) basis, and coffee brewing equipment manufactured on a first in, first out (“FIFO”) basis. The Company regularly evaluates these inventories to determine whether market conditions are correctly reflected in the recorded carrying value. At the end of each quarter, the Company records the expected effect of the liquidation of LIFO inventory quantities, if any, and records the actual impact at fiscal year-end. An actual valuation of inventory under the LIFO method is made only at the end of each fiscal year based on the inventory levels and costs at that time. If inventory quantities decline at the end of the fiscal year compared to the beginning of the fiscal year, the reduction results in the liquidation of LIFO inventory quantities carried at the cost prevailing in prior years. This LIFO inventory liquidation may result in a decrease or increase in cost of goods sold depending on whether the cost prevailing in prior years was lower or higher, respectively, than the current year cost. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment is carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. The following useful lives are used:
Buildings and facilities | 10 to 30 years
Machinery and equipment | 3 to 5 years
Equipment under capital leases | Term of lease
Office furniture and equipment | 5 years
Capitalized software | 3 years
When assets are sold or retired, the asset and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective account balances and any gain or loss on disposal is included in operations. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense, and betterments are capitalized. Coffee Brewing Equipment and Service The Company classifies certain expenses related to coffee brewing equipment provided to customers as cost of goods sold. These costs include the cost of the equipment as well as the cost of servicing that equipment (including service employees’ salaries, cost of transportation and the cost of supplies and parts) and are considered directly attributable to the generation of revenues from its customers. Accordingly, such costs included in cost of goods sold in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for the years ended June 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011 are $25.6 million, $24.9 million and $27.1 million, respectively. The Company has capitalized coffee brewing equipment in the amounts of $9.3 million and $13.9 million in fiscal 2013 and 2012, respectively. During fiscal 2013, 2012 and 2011, the Company had depreciation expense related to the capitalized coffee brewing equipment reported as cost of goods sold in the amounts of $12.8 million, $12.2 million and $9.6 million, respectively. Income Taxes Deferred income taxes are determined based on the temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which differences are expected to reverse. Estimating the Company’s tax liabilities involves judgments related to uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. The Company makes certain estimates and judgments to determine tax expense for financial statement purposes as they evaluate the effect of tax credits, tax benefits and deductions, some of which result from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue or expense for tax and financial statement purposes. Changes to these estimates may result in significant changes to the Company’s tax provision in future periods. Each fiscal quarter the Company reevaluates its tax provision and reconsiders its estimates and assumptions related to specific tax assets and liabilities, making adjustments as circumstances change. Revenue Recognition Most product sales are made “off-truck” to the Company’s customers at their places of business by the Company’s sales representatives. Revenue is recognized at the time the Company’s sales representatives physically deliver products to customers and title passes or when it is accepted by the customer when shipped by third-party delivery. The Company sells roast and ground coffee and tea to The J.M. Smucker Company ("J.M. Smucker") pursuant to a co–packing agreement. The Company recognizes revenue from the co-packing arrangement for the sale of tea on a net basis, net of direct costs of revenue, since the Company acts as an agent of J.M. Smucker in such transactions. As of June 30, 2013 and 2012, the Company had $0.3 million and $0.8 million, respectively, of receivables relating to this arrangement which are included in "Other receivables" (see Note 7). Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) represents net earnings attributable to common stockholders divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period, excluding unallocated shares held by the Company's Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP") (see Note 13). Diluted EPS represents net earnings attributable to common stockholders divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, inclusive of the dilutive impact of common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. However, nonvested restricted stock awards (referred to as participating securities) are excluded from the dilutive impact of common equivalent shares outstanding in accordance with authoritative guidance under the two-class method. The nonvested restricted stockholders are entitled to participate in dividends declared on common stock as if the shares were fully vested and hence are deemed to be participating securities. Under the two-class method, earnings (loss) attributable to nonvested restricted stockholders are excluded from net earnings (loss) attributable to common stockholders for purposes of calculating basic and diluted EPS. Computation of EPS for the years ended June 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011 does not include the dilutive effect of 557,427, 667,235 and 497,810 shares, respectively, issuable under stock options since their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements present only basic net loss per common share for all periods presented (see Note 17). Dividends Declared Although historically the Company has paid a dividend to stockholders, in light of the Company’s current financial position, the Company’s Board of Directors has omitted the payment of a quarterly dividend since the third quarter of fiscal 2011. The amount, if any, of dividends to be paid in the future will depend upon the Company’s then available cash, anticipated cash needs, overall financial condition, loan agreement restrictions, future prospects for earnings and cash flows, as well as other relevant factors. Employee Stock Ownership Plan Compensation cost for the ESOP is based on the fair market value of shares released or deemed to be released for the period. Dividends on allocated shares retain the character of true dividends, but dividends on unallocated shares are considered compensation cost. As a leveraged ESOP with the Company as lender, a contra equity account is established to offset the Company’s note receivable. The contra account will change as compensation is recognized. Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets The Company performs its annual impairment test of goodwill and/or other indefinite-lived intangible assets as of June 30. Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but instead are reviewed for impairment annually and on an interim basis if events or changes in circumstances between annual tests indicate that an asset might be impaired. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment by comparing their fair values to their carrying values. Testing for impairment of goodwill is a two-step process. The first step requires the Company to compare the fair value of its reporting units to the carrying value of the net assets of the respective reporting units, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, goodwill of the reporting unit is potentially impaired and the Company then completes step two to measure the impairment loss, if any. The second step requires the calculation of the implied fair value of goodwill, which is the residual fair value remaining after deducting the fair value of all tangible and intangible net assets of the reporting unit from the fair value of the reporting unit. If the implied fair value of goodwill is less than the carrying amount of goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the difference. In its annual test of impairment in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, the Company identified indicators of impairment including a decline in market capitalization and continuing losses from operations. The Company performed impairment tests to determine the recoverability of the carrying values of the assets or if impairment should be measured. The Company was required to make estimates of the fair value of the Company's intangible assets, and all assets of CBI, the reporting unit, which were based on the use of the income approach and/or market approach. The Company used the relief from royalty method under the income approach to estimate the fair value of its indefinite-lived intangible assets. Inputs to this method included estimated royalty rates associated with licensing and franchise royalty agreements in related industries, which are Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. To estimate the fair value of CBI, the Company used discounted cash flow analysis under the income approach and the guideline public company method under the market approach. Inputs to the discounted cash flow analysis included the projection of future cash flows which are Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. Inputs to the guideline public company analysis included valuation multiples of publicly traded companies similar to CBI, which are Level 2 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. As a result of these impairment tests, the Company determined that the Company's trademarks acquired in connection with the CBI acquisition were impaired and that the carrying value of all of the assets of CBI excluding goodwill exceeded their estimated fair values resulting in an implied fair value of zero for CBI's goodwill. Accordingly, in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, the Company recorded total impairment charges of $5.6 million including $5.1 million in impairment losses on goodwill. As of June 30, 2012, goodwill was written down to zero. In its annual test of impairment in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2013, the Company determined that the book value of a certain trademark acquired in connection with the DSD Coffee Business acquisition was higher than the present value of the estimated future cash flows and concluded that the trademark was impaired. As a result, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $0.1 million to earnings in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2013. Long-Lived Assets, Excluding Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets The Company reviews the recoverability of its long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Long-lived assets evaluated for impairment are grouped with other assets to the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities. The estimated future cash flows are based upon, among other things, assumptions about expected future operating performance, and may differ from actual cash flows. If the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows (excluding interest) is less than the carrying value of the assets, the assets will be written down to the estimated fair value in the period in which the determination is made. In its annual test of impairment as of the end of fiscal 2011, the Company determined that definite-lived intangible assets consisting of the customer relationships acquired, and the distribution agreement and co-pack agreement entered into, in connection with the DSD Coffee Business acquisition were impaired. As a result, in fiscal 2011, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $7.8 million in operating expenses. Shipping and Handling Costs The Company distributes its products directly to its customers and shipping and handling costs are recorded as Company selling expenses. Collective Bargaining Agreements Certain Company employees are subject to collective bargaining agreements. The duration of these agreements extend to 2017. Approximately 35% of the workforce is covered by such agreements. Recently Adopted Accounting Standards In September 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2011-08, “Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Testing Goodwill for Impairment” (“ASU 2011-08”). Pursuant to ASU 2011-08 companies have the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not (a likelihood of more than 50%) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after considering the totality of events and circumstances, an entity determines it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, performing the two-step impairment test is unnecessary. The amendments include examples of events and circumstances that an entity should consider. ASU 2011-08 was effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2012 and was effective for the Company for fiscal 2013 beginning July 1, 2012. Adoption of ASU 2011-08 did not have a material effect on the results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company. On July 1, 2012, the Company adopted ASU No. 2011-05, "Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income" ("ASU 2011-05"), except for the provisions of ASU 2011-05 which were deferred by ASU No. 2011-12, "Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income" ("ASU 2011-12"). The new guidance eliminates the current option to report other comprehensive income and its components in the statement of changes in equity. Instead, the Company presents other comprehensive income in a separate statement following the consolidated statements of operations. The new guidance also requires entities to present reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component in both the consolidated statement of operations and the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. ASU 2011-12 indefinitely deferred the guidance related to the presentation of reclassification adjustments. ASU 2011-05 only relates to disclosure requirements and its adoption did not have a material effect on the results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company. In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs” (“ASU 2011-04”). ASU 2011-04 amends the fair value measurement and disclosure guidance in ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”), of the FASB for financial assets and liabilities to converge GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards requirements for measuring amounts at fair value as well as disclosures about these measurements. Many of the amendments clarify existing concepts and are generally not expected to result in significant changes to how many companies currently apply the fair value principles. In certain instances, however, the FASB changed a principle to achieve convergence, and while limited, these amendments have the potential to significantly change practice for some companies. For public entities, the amendments are effective during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company adopted the amendments beginning July 1, 2012. The adoption of ASU 2011-04 did not have a material effect on the results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company. New Accounting Pronouncements In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-02, “Reporting Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income” ("ASU 2013-02"), an update to the authoritative guidance related to the reporting of amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income. This new requirement about presenting information about amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income and their corresponding effect on net income will present, in one place, information about significant amounts reclassified and, in some cases, cross-references to related footnote disclosures. The disclosure amendments in this update are effective prospectively for fiscal years (and interim periods within those years) beginning after December 15, 2012 and early adoption is permitted. ASU 2013-02 is effective for the Company beginning July 1, 2013. Adoption of ASU 2013-02 is not expected to have a material effect on the results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company. In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-01, “Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities” ("ASU 2013-01"). The amendments limit the scope of ASU No. 2011-11, “Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities” ("ASU 2011-11") to certain derivative instruments (including bifurcated embedded derivatives), repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, and securities borrowing and lending arrangements that are either (1) offset on the balance sheet or (2) subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement. The requirements as initially written in ASU 2011-11 would have applied more broadly than intended. The disclosure amendments in this update are effective prospectively for fiscal years (and interim periods within those years) beginning after January 1, 2013. The amendments will be applied retrospectively for all comparative periods presented on the balance sheet. ASU 2013-01 is effective for the Company beginning in July 1, 2013. Adoption of ASU 2013-01 is not expected to have a material effect on the results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company. In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU No. 2012-02, “Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment” ("ASU 2012-02"), an update to the authoritative guidance related to the impairment testing of indefinite-lived intangible assets. Similar to the guidance for goodwill impairment testing, companies will have the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying value. The guidance provides companies with a revised list of examples of events and circumstances to consider, in their totality, to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the asset is less than its carrying amount. If a company concludes that this is the case, the company is required to perform the quantitative impairment test by comparing the fair value with the carrying value. Otherwise, a company can skip the quantitative test. Companies are not required to perform the qualitative assessment and are permitted to skip the qualitative assessment for any indefinite-lived asset in any period and proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test. The company may resume performing the qualitative assessment in any subsequent period. The amendments are effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012. Early adoption is permitted. ASU 2012-02 is effective for the Company beginning July 1, 2013. Adoption of ASU 2012-02 is not expected to have a material effect on the results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company.

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