<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001829126-24-007609.txt : 20241115
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<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20241115172611
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001829126-24-007609
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K/A
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		18
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20241105
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant
ITEM INFORMATION:		Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20241115
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20241115

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Vivakor, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001450704
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	REFUSE SYSTEMS [4953]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	01 Energy & Transportation
		IRS NUMBER:				262178141
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NV
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K/A
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-41286
		FILM NUMBER:		241469017

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		5220 SPRING VALLEY RD.
		STREET 2:		SUITE LL20
		CITY:			DALLAS
		STATE:			TX
		ZIP:			75254
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(949) 281-2606

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		5220 SPRING VALLEY RD.
		STREET 2:		SUITE LL20
		CITY:			DALLAS
		STATE:			TX
		ZIP:			75254
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>UNITED STATES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Washington, D.C. 20549</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 14pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>FORM <span id="xdx_902_edei--DocumentType_c20241105__20241105_zccRSHxsLflh"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-11-05" id="Fact000009" name="dei:DocumentType">8-K/A</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 14pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>(Amendment No. 1)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Pursuant to Section&#160;13 or 15(d) of the Securities
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported):
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 14pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline"><span id="xdx_905_edei--EntityRegistrantName_c20241105__20241105_zVED59jADOC9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-11-05" id="Fact000011" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName">VIVAKOR, INC.</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Registrant&#8217;s telephone number, including area code)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td> </tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td> </tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td> </tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule&#160;13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</td> </tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Securities registered pursuant to
Section&#160;12(b) of the Act: </p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 38%; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><b>Title of each class</b></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 20%; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><b>Trading Symbol(s)</b></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 38%; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><b>Name of each exchange on which registered</b></td> </tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">The <span id="xdx_909_edei--SecurityExchangeName_c20241105__20241105_ziBFeYMBWITc"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-11-05" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen" id="Fact000028" name="dei:SecurityExchangeName">Nasdaq</ix:nonNumeric></span> Stock Market LLC<br/>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule&#160;405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule&#160;12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Emerging growth company&#160;<span id="xdx_909_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20241105__20241105_zvVmQqnnyG9j"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-11-05" format="ixt:booleantrue" id="Fact000029" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#9746;</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section&#160;13(a) of the Exchange Act. <span id="xdx_90F_edei--EntityExTransitionPeriod_c20241105__20241105_zM4YU2aE1fpl"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-11-05" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000030" name="dei:EntityExTransitionPeriod">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>EXPLANATORY NOTE</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_903_edei--AmendmentDescription_c20241105__20241105_zLTSGcq3TRm2"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-11-05" id="Fact000031" name="dei:AmendmentDescription">On November 7, 2024, Vivakor, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;)
filed a Current Report on Form 8-K (&#8220;Original Form 8-K&#8221;) regarding the funding of a loan under a Loan and Security Agreement
with Cedarview Opportunities Master Fund LP, as the lender (the &#8220;Lender&#8221;); and Cedarview Capital Management, LLC, as the
agent (the &#8220;Agent&#8221;) dated October 31, 2024 (the &#8220;Loan Agreement&#8221;). The Company is filing this First Amended Form
8-K/A to correct certain errors in the Original Form 8-K, primarily: (i) since the first loan amounts were actually funded by the Lender
on November 5, 2024, this date was the trigger date for the Form 8-K as it is when the Company first became materially obligated under
the Loan Agreement, (ii) change &#8220;Closing Date&#8221; to &#8220;Funding Dates&#8221; for the dates the funds were received from
the Lender, (iii) file certain exhibits to the Loan Agreement as separate exhibits, and (iv) correct certain errors in the Original Form
8-K.</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
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    <td style="text-align: justify; width: 0%"/><td style="text-align: justify; width: 0.75in"><b>Item 1.01.</b></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-right: 0.7in"><b>Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.</b></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Loan and Security Agreement and Issuance of Secured Promissory Note</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On October 31, 2024, Vivakor, Inc. (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Company</span>&#8221;),
as the borrower, and certain of its subsidiaries, being Vivaventures Management Company, Inc., Vivaventures Oil Sands, Inc., Silver Fuels
Delhi, LLC, White Claw Colorado City, LLC, Vivaventures Remediation Corporation, Vivaventures Energy Group, Inc., Endeavor Crude, LLC,
and Meridian Equipment Leasing, LLC, and Silver Fuels Processing, LLC, as guarantors (collectively, the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Guarantors</span>&#8221;
or &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Subsidiaries</span>&#8221;, as context requires), Cedarview Opportunities Master Fund LP, as the lender (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Lender</span>&#8221;);
and Cedarview Capital Management, LLC, as the agent (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Agent</span>&#8221;), entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the
&#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Loan Agreement</span>&#8221;).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">Pursuant to the Loan
Agreement, the Company issued a secured promissory note (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Note</span>&#8221;) in the principal amount of $3,670,160.77, and
the Lenders agreed to provide such term loan to the Company (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Term Loan</span>&#8221;) with maturity on October 31, 2025. On
November 5 and 6, 2024 (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Funding Dates</span>&#8221;), the Company received the net proceeds from the Term Loan less (i) a
3% origination fee, and (ii) repayment of $2,000,000 in outstanding principal, $68,009 in accrued interest, and a $242,991 prepayment
fee pursuant to that certain Loan and Security Agreement dated February 5, 2024, by and between the Company, as borrower thereunder,
certain of its Subsidiaries, as guarantors thereunder, and Lender and Agent (the &#8220;Prior Cedarview Loan&#8221;). As a result of
the Term Loan, the Company received net proceeds of approximately $1,250,000 and the Prior Cedarview Loan was repaid in full.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">The Term Loan will
bear interest at a rate per annum of 22%. The Company will be obligated to make monthly payments of $343,506.42 beginning November 30,
2024.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">In the event of any
prepayment, the Company shall pay a prepayment premium in the amount of ten percent (10%) of the principal amount of the Term Loan outstanding
prior to such prepayment (the &#8220;Prepayment Premium&#8221;). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if and when the Company raises in the
aggregate $10,000,000 or more from the sale of its equity completed more than 90 days after the initial Funding Date (other than in connection
with any acquisition, merger, or like transaction), the Company shall immediately offer to prepay the entire outstanding balance of the
Term Loan (plus the Prepayment Premium), which offer may be accepted or rejected by the Agent.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">The amounts borrowed
pursuant to the terms of the Loan Agreement are secured by substantially&#160;all of the present and after-acquired assets of the Company
and the Subsidiaries, except for certain after-acquired assets that as provided by the Term Loan. Additionally, the Company&#8217;s&#160;obligations
under the Loan Agreement are jointly and severally guaranteed by the Subsidiaries.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">The Loan Agreement contains
customary representations, warranties and affirmative and negative financial and other covenants for a loan of this type. The closing
was subject to customary closing conditions.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>



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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">In connection with
the Loan Agreement, and as additional consideration for the Lender agreeing to loan funds to the Company thereunder, the Company issued
an irrevocable letter to its transfer agent (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Transfer Agent</span>&#8221;) to reserve 3,000,000 shares of the Company&#8217;s
common stock (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Collateral Securities</span>&#8221;) until the Term Loan is repaid in full. In the event the Term Loan is not
paid in full by the Maturity Date, the Agent may instruct the Transfer Agent to issue the Collateral Securities to the Agent, which the
Agent may then sell until such time the amounts due under the Term Loan are repaid in full, after which any shares of Collateral Securities
remaining shall be returned to the Company. As a result of the repayment of the Prior Cedarview Loan with the Term Loan, the irrevocable
instruction letter to the Company&#8217;s transfer agent that required certain collateral securities be reserved by the Company&#8217;s
transfer agent to help secure the repayment of the Prior Cedarview Loan was terminated by the Lender and those shares are no longer reserved
by the transfer agent.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">The Company issued to
the Lender 300,000 shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock, restricted in accordance with Rule 144, as additional consideration for
the Term Loan.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">Item 1.01 of this
Current Report on Form 8-K contains only a brief description of the material terms of, and does not purport to be a complete description
of, the rights and obligations of the parties to the agreements in connection with the Loan Agreement, and such description is qualified
in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Loan Agreement and its exhibits, which are attached hereto as Exhibits 10.1, 10.2,
10.3 and 10.4</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>


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  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: justify; width: 0%"/><td style="text-align: justify; width: 0.75in"><b>Item 2.03.</b></td>
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  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The information set forth under Item 1.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated herein by reference.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To the extent required by this Item 3.02, the information contained in Item 1.01 is incorporated herein by reference. The Company relied on the exemption provided for under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act for the issuance of the 300,000 restricted shares of its common stock as the investor is an accredited investor and familiar with the Company&#8217;s operations.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="text-align: justify; width: 0%"/><td style="text-align: justify; width: 0.75in"><b>Item 9.01.</b></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0in"/><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">(d)</td><td style="text-align: justify">Exhibits.</td>
</tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 9%"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Exhibit No.</b></span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 90%; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Description</b></span></td></tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt">4.1</span></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><a href="vivakorinc_ex4-1.htm">Vivakor, Inc. Promissory Note dated October 31, 2024, in the principal amount of $3,670,160.77 issued to Cedarview Opportunities Master Fund LP</a></span></td></tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt">10.1<sup>(1)</sup></span></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt">10.2</span></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><a href="vivakorinc_ex10-2.htm">Pledge Agreement dated October 31, 2024, by and among Vivakor, Inc., each of Vivakor, Inc.&#8217;s subsidiaries party thereto and Cedarview Capital Management, LLC, as agent for the lenders</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: White">
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt">10.3</span></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><a href="vivakorinc_ex10-3.htm">Guaranty dated October 31, 2024, by and among certain subsidiaries of Vivakor, Inc. and Cedarview Capital Management, LLC</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt">10.4</span></td>
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  <tr style="background-color: White">
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt">104</span></td>
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  </table>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0in"/><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">(1)</td><td style="text-align: justify">Incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on November 7, 2024.</td>
</tr></table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Dated: November&#160;15, 2024</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top">By:</td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: 50%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: 4%">&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 4.1
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit
4.1</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>EXHIBIT A</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(see attached)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>NOTE</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$3,670,160.77</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">October [ &nbsp;], 2024</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned (the &ldquo;<U>Borrower</U>&rdquo;), HEREBY PROMISES TO PAY to the order of Cedarview Opportunities Master Fund LP, a Delaware limited partnership the (&ldquo;<U>Lender</U>&rdquo;), on or before the Maturity Date (as such term is defined in the Loan Agreement (as defined below)), the principal sum of THREE MILLION SIX HUNDRED SEVENTY THOUSAND ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTY and 77/100 Dollars ($3,670,160.77) in accordance with the terms and provisions of that certain Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Borrower, VivaVentures Management Company, Inc., a Nevada corporation, VivaVentures Oil Sands, Inc., a Utah corporation, Silver Fuels Delhi, LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company, White Claw Colorado City LLC, a Texas limited liability company, VivaVentures Remediation Corporation, a Texas corporation, and VivaVentures Energy Group, Inc., a Nevada corporation, Endeavor Crude, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, Equipment Transport, LLC, a Pennsylvania limited liability company, Meridian Equipment Leasing LLC, a Texas limited liability company, Silver Fuels Processing LLC, a Texas limited liability company (each, a &ldquo;<U>Guarantor</U>&rdquo; and, collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Guarantors</U>&rdquo;), Cedarview Capital Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, as Agent, and the Lenders party thereto (as same may be amended, modified, increased, supplemented and/or restated from time to time, the &ldquo;<U>Loan Agreement</U>&rdquo;; capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Loan Agreement).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The outstanding principal balance of this Note, together with all accrued and unpaid interest thereon, shall be due and payable on the Maturity Date. The Borrower promises to pay interest on the unpaid principal balance of this Note from the Issue Date until the principal balance thereof is paid in full. Interest shall accrue on the outstanding principal balance of this Note from and including the Issue Date to but not including the Maturity Date at the rate or rates, and shall be due and payable on the dates and paid in accordance with the terms and conditions, set forth in the Loan Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Payments of principal, and all amounts due with respect to costs and expenses pursuant to the Loan Agreement, shall be made in lawful money of the United States of America in immediately available funds, without deduction, set-off or counterclaim to the Lender to the account maintained by the Agent not later than 11:59 a.m. (New York time) on the dates on which such payments shall become due pursuant to the terms and provisions set forth in the Loan Agreement. Payments of interest shall be payable in accordance with the provisions of the Loan Agreement. The Obligations of the Borrower under this Note and any additional note issued hereunder are secured in accordance with the terms of the Collateral Documents.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If any payment of principal or interest on this Note shall become due on a day that is not a Business Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day and such extension of time shall in such case be included in computing interest in connection with such payment.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This Note is the Note provided for in, and is entitled to the benefits of, the Loan Agreement, which Loan Agreement, among other things, contains provisions for acceleration of the maturity hereof upon the happening of certain stated events, for prepayments on account of principal hereof prior to the maturity hereof upon the terms and conditions and with the effect therein specified, and provisions to the effect that no provision of the Loan Agreement or this Note shall require the payment or permit the collection of interest in excess of the Highest Lawful Rate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Borrower hereby authorizes Agent to record in its books and records the date all payments of principal amounts in respect of the Term Loan made after the date hereof, which records shall, absent manifest error, be conclusive evidence of the outstanding principal amount evidenced by this Note; provided, however, that the failure by Agent to make any such notation with respect to payment shall not limit or otherwise effect the obligations of Borrower under this Note.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Borrower and any and all endorsers, guarantors and sureties severally waive grace, demand, presentment for payment, notice of dishonor or default, protest, notice of protest, notice of intent to accelerate, notice of acceleration and diligence in collecting and bringing of suit against any party hereto, and agree to all renewals, extensions or partial payments hereon and to any release or substitution of security hereof, in whole or in part, with or without notice, before or after maturity.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This Note shall be binding upon the Borrower and its successors and assigns and the terms hereof shall inure to the benefit of the Lender and its successors and assigns including subsequent holders hereof (collectively, &ldquo;<U>Assignees</U>&rdquo;), except that the Borrower may not assign or transfer any of its rights or obligations under this Note without the prior written consent of the Lender (which consent shall be in the sole and absolute discretion of the Lender). The term &ldquo;Lender&rdquo; as used in this Note shall be deemed to include the Lender and its Assignees. The Lender shall, upon notice to the Borrower, have the unrestricted right at any time or from time to time, and without the Borrower&rsquo;s consent, to assign all or any portion of its rights and obligations hereunder to any other person, which shall thereupon become vested with all the powers and rights above given to the Lender in respect thereof; <U>provided, however</U>, that any such assignment or transfer of this Note shall be made in accordance with all applicable securities laws. The Lender agrees that it shall execute, or cause to be executed, such documents, including without limitation, amendments to this Note and to any other documents, instruments and agreements executed in connection herewith as the Lender shall reasonably deem necessary to effect the foregoing. In addition, at the request of the Lender and any such Assignee, the Borrower shall issue one or more new promissory notes, as applicable, to any such Assignee and, if the Lender has retained any of its rights and obligations hereunder following such assignment, to the Lender, which new promissory note held by the Lender prior to such assignment shall reflect the principal amount of this Note held by such Assignee and the Lender after giving effect to such assignment. Upon the execution and delivery of appropriate assignment documentation, amendments and any other documentation reasonably required by the Lender in connection with such assignment, and the payment by the Assignee of the purchase price agreed to by the Lender and such Assignee, such Assignee shall be a holder of this Note shall have all of the rights and obligations of the Lender hereunder (and any other guaranties, documents, instruments and agreements executed in connection herewith) to the extent that such rights and obligations have been assigned by the Lender pursuant to the assignment documentation between the Lender and such Assignee, and the Lender shall be released from any obligations it may have hereunder and thereunder to a corresponding extent, subject to the terms of the Loan Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">THIS NOTE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF UTAH APPLICABLE TO CONTRACTS MADE AND TO BE PERFORMED WHOLLY WITHIN SUCH STATE, WITHOUT REFERENCE TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICT OF LAWS.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Borrower has caused this Note to be duly executed and delivered effective as of the date first above written.</FONT></P>

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    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VIVAKOR, INC.</B>,</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Nevada corporation</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TYPE>EX-10.2
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<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 10.2
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 10.2</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>EXHIBIT
C-2</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Borrower Security Agreement</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PLEDGE AGREEMENT</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Borrower)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PLEDGE AGREEMENT, dated as of October 31, 2024 (this &ldquo;<U>Agreement</U>&rdquo;), among Cedarview Capital Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (&ldquo;<U>Secured Party</U>&rdquo;) on behalf of the Lenders under the Loan Agreement (defined below), and Vivakor, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the &ldquo;<U>Borrower</U>,&rdquo; also referred to herein as the &ldquo;<U>Debtor</U>&rdquo;), and the Affiliates of Debtor identified in the signature line hereto (each, a &ldquo;Debtor Holdco&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">WITNESSETH:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">WHEREAS, the Borrower has entered into that certain Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (as it may hereafter be modified, supplemented, extended, or renewed and in effect from time to time, the &ldquo;<U>Loan Agreement</U>&rdquo;) by and among the Borrower, VivaVentures Management Company, Inc., a Nevada corporation, VivaVentures Oil Sands, Inc., a Utah corporation, Silver Fuels Delhi, LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company, White Claw Colorado City LLC, a Texas limited liability company, VivaVentures Remediation Corporation, a Texas corporation, VivaVentures Energy Group, Inc., a Nevada corporation, Endeavor Crude, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, Meridian Equipment Leasing LLC, a Texas limited liability company and Silver Fuels Processing LLC, a Texas limited liability company (each, a &ldquo;<U>Guarantor</U>&rdquo; and, collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Guarantors</U>&rdquo;), the Agent and the other Lenders party thereto;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">WHEREAS, it is a condition to the obligations of the Secured Party and the Lenders under the Loan Agreement that this Agreement be duly executed and delivered;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">WHEREAS, the Debtor and Secured Party wish to enter into this Agreement in order to secure the obligations of the Debtor under the Loan Documents (such obligations, together with any obligations of the Debtor under this Agreement, the &ldquo;<U>Secured Obligations</U>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
II. Definitions. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings provided therefor in the Loan Agreement. In
addition, when used in this Agreement, including in any Schedule or Exhibit, the following terms shall have the following
meanings:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;Equity Interest&rdquo; means all shares of capital stock (whether denominated as common stock or preferred stock), equity interests, beneficial partnership or membership interests, joint venture interests, units, limited liability company interests, participations or other ownership or profit interests in or equivalents (regardless of how designated) of or in a Person (other than an individual), whether voting or non-voting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
III. Security Interest. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
3.1. The Debtor, or each Debtor Holdco, as the case may be, respectively, hereby pledges to Secured Party on behalf of the Lenders,
as security for the Secured Obligations, representing a continuing security interest in, lien on and right of set-off against, all
of its right, title and interest in and to all of the Equity Interests, and any warrants, options, purchase rights, conversion or
exchange rights, voting rights, calls or claims of any character, regardless of class or designation, owned or hereafter acquired by
the Debtor, in each of the issuing entities described in <U>Schedule I</U> hereto (collectively, including the Additional Pledged
Interests (as defined below), the &ldquo;<U>Pledged Interests</U>&rdquo;), and all substitutions therefor and replacements thereof,
all proceeds thereof and all rights relating thereto, including any certificates representing the Pledged Interests (including the
Additional Pledged Interests), the right to request, after the occurrence and during the continuation of an Event of Default, that
the Pledged Interests (including the Additional Pledged Interests) be registered in the name of Secured Party or any of its
nominees, the right to receive any certificates representing any of the Pledged Interests (including any certificates representing
any of the Additional Pledged Interests) and the right to require that same be delivered to Secured Party together with undated
powers or assignments of investment securities with respect thereto, duly endorsed in blank by the Debtor, all warrants, options,
share appreciation rights and other rights, contractual or otherwise, in respect thereof and of all dividends, distributions of
income, profits, surplus or other compensation by way of income or liquidating distributions, in cash or in kind, cash, instruments
and other property from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect of or in addition to, in substitution
of, on account of or in exchange for any or all of the Pledged Interests (including the Additional Pledged Interests), whether now
owned or hereafter acquired the Debtor (the Pledged Interests and any other collateral pledged pursuant to this <U>Section 2(a)</U>
are referred to herein, collectively, as the &ldquo;<U>Pledged Collateral</U>&rdquo; or &ldquo;<U>Collateral</U>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
3.2. This Agreement secures the payment of all obligations of the Debtor now or hereafter existing under and in connection with the
Loan Documents and all Secured Obligations now or hereafter existing under this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, this Agreement additionally secures the payment of all amounts which constitute part of the Secured Obligations and would
be owed by the Debtor to the Secured Party and Lenders under and in connection with the Loan Documents but for the fact that they
are unenforceable or not allowable due to the existence of a bankruptcy, reorganization or similar proceeding involving any
Debtor.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
IV. Delivery of Collateral. The Debtor has delivered to and deposited with Secured Party (or will promptly (in any event within two
(2) Business Days of Debtor&rsquo;s receipt thereof) deliver and deposit with Secured Party the applicable certificates in
accordance with Section 4) all certificates, if any, representing the Pledged Interests owned by the Debtor to the extent such
Pledged Interests are represented by certificates, and undated powers endorsed in blank with respect to such certificates, in New
York c/o Olshan Frome Wolosky LLP, 1325 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10019, Attention: Jason S. Saltsberg, Esq. The
Debtor agrees that all property comprising part of the Collateral shall be accompanied by proper instruments of assignment duly
executed by the Debtor or each Debtor Holdco, as the case may be, and by any such other instruments or documents as Secured Party
may request. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that the Secured Party shall file UCC financing statements with the
Massachusetts Secretary of State for the Collateral in order to perfect the security interests granted herein.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
V. Additional Pledged Interests. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a) During the Term of this Agreement, in the event that the Debtor shall receive or become entitled to receive any additional Equity Interests of any Person consisting of (i) any Equity Interests received through a dividend or a distribution in connection with any reclassification, increase or reduction of capital, merger, consolidation, sale of assets, combination or other reorganization by virtue of such Debtor having been an owner of any of the Pledged Collateral (all of such additional Equity Interests, collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Additional Pledged Interests</U>&rdquo;), or (ii) any promissory note, instrument, or other asset (including any options, warrants, subscriptions or other rights, whether as an addition to, in substitution for, or in exchange for any of the Pledged Interests or otherwise) constituting Pledged Collateral, the Debtor agrees to deliver promptly, or authorize, as applicable (and in any event within two (2) Business Days of Debtor&rsquo;s receipt thereof), to Secured Party at the address specified in <U>Section 3</U> the following: (1) with respect to any such Additional Pledged Interests or other Pledged Collateral represented by a certificate or other instrument, or any such promissory note or other instrument received, such certificate, promissory note or other instrument, together with undated powers or assignment endorsed in blank by the Debtor; and (2) a duly executed Pledge and Security Agreement Addendum in substantially the form of <U>Exhibit A</U> hereto (a &ldquo;<U>Pledge and Security Agreement Addendum</U>&rdquo;) identifying the Additional Pledged Interests, promissory note or other instrument or other Pledged Collateral which are pledged by such Debtor pursuant to this Agreement. Upon the execution and delivery of any Pledge and Security Agreement Addendum, any Additional Pledged Interests, promissory note or other instrument and other Pledged Collateral identified thereon shall thereafter constitute Pledged Collateral to be held by Secured Party pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b) During the Term of this Agreement, in the event that any distribution of any Equity Interests or other securities of any Person, regardless of class or designation, or any warrants, options, purchase rights, conversion or exchange rights, voting rights, calls or claims of any character with respect to any of the foregoing, shall be made on or in respect of the Pledged Collateral or any property shall be distributed to the Debtor upon or with respect to the Pledged Collateral pursuant to the recapitalization or reclassification of the Equity Interests or other securities of the issuer thereof or pursuant to the reorganization thereof, the property so distributed shall be delivered promptly (and in any event within two Business Days of the Debtor&rsquo;s receipt thereof) by the Debtor to Secured Party to be held by it as additional collateral security for the Secured Obligations. All sums of money and property so paid or distributed in respect of the Pledged Collateral which are received by the Debtor shall, until paid or delivered to Secured Party, be held by the Debtor in trust for the benefit of Secured Party on behalf of the Lenders, segregated from the Debtor&rsquo;s other property, and Debtor shall deliver it forthwith to Secured Party in the exact form received, together with the authorization to file any necessary Uniform Commercial Code financing statements or any necessary endorsement or appropriate stock or other powers or assignments duly endorsed in blank by the Debtor.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
VI. Representations and Agreements of the Debtor. The Debtor represents and agrees that:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
6.1. Except for (i) the security interest granted hereby, (ii) any restriction on transfer under the federal, state or provincial
securities laws and (iii) any liens or security interests permitted by the Loan Agreement (collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Permitted
Encumbrances</U>&rdquo;), the Debtor is and will continue to be (or, in the case of after-acquired Collateral, at the time the
Debtor acquires rights in such Collateral), the owner and holder of the Collateral, free from any adverse claim, security interest,
encumbrance, lien, charge, or other right, title or interest of any person. The Debtor agrees that at all times the Collateral will
be and remain free of all such adverse claims, security interests, or other liens or encumbrances, other than any Permitted
Encumbrance. The Debtor will defend the Collateral against all claims and demands (other than any Permitted Encumbrance) of all
persons at any time claiming the same or any interest therein.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
6.2. Upon the filing of financing statements relating to the Collateral with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada (with
respect to the Debtor), Secured Party will have a valid and perfected security interest in the Collateral (to the extent a security
interest therein may be perfected by the filing of a financing statement).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
6.3. The Debtor has not heretofore signed any financing statement or security agreement which covers any of the Collateral, and no
such financing statement or security agreement is now on file in any public office. The Debtor will not enter into or execute any
security agreement or any financing statement covering the Collateral, other than those security agreements and financing statements
in favor of Secured Party hereunder, and the Debtor agrees that there will not be on file in any public office any financing
statement or statements (or any documents or papers filed as such) covering the Collateral, other than financing statements in favor
of Secured Party hereunder, unless in any case the prior written consent of Secured Party shall have been obtained. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
6.4. The Debtor and each Debtor Holdco has full legal capacity and lawful authority to enter into this Agreement and to grant to
Secured Party the security interest in the Collateral as herein provided and all corporate or other action on the part of the Debtor
or Debtor Holdco requisite for the due execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement has been duly and effectively
taken.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
6.5. The execution, delivery and performance hereof are not in contravention of any agreement or undertaking to which the Debtor is
a party or by which the Debtor, or its property, is bound and will not result in the imposition of any security interest or lien on
any other property of the Debtor.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
6.6. The Debtor&rsquo;s and each Debtor Holdco&rsquo;s exact legal name is as set forth in on <U>Schedule II</U> attached
hereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
6.7. The state or jurisdiction of incorporation, formation, organization or primary residence as applicable, of the Debtor and each
Debtor Holdco is as set forth on <U>Schedule II</U> attached hereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
6.8. The Debtor&rsquo;s and each Debtor Holdco&rsquo;s chief executive office or primary residence is as set forth on <U>Schedule
II</U> attached hereto. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
6.9. The Equity Interests of the issuing entities listed on <U>Schedule I</U> attached hereto (including without limitation the
Pledged Interests) whose Equity Interests are being pledged by the Debtor hereunder (i) are not dealt in or traded on securities
exchanges or in securities markets, (ii) do not constitute investment company securities, (iii) are not held by any Person in a
securities account and (iv) are not evidenced by any certificate. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
VII. Rights of Secured Party and the Debtor Related to Collateral. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
7.1. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Secured Party may from time to time following the occurrence of an Event of
Default, but subject to the terms herein:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a) transfer any of the Collateral into the name of the Secured Party or its nominee;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 1in; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b) notify parties obligated on any of the Collateral to make payment to Secured Party of any amounts due or to become due thereunder;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 1in; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c) enforce collection of any of the Collateral by suit or otherwise; surrender, release or exchange all or any part thereof, or compromise or extend or renew for any period (whether or not longer than the original period) any obligation of any nature of any party with respect thereto; and exercise all other rights of the Debtor in any of the Collateral (including, without limitation, the right to vote or exercise other consensual interests in the Collateral); and/or</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 1in; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d) take possession or control of any proceeds of the Collateral.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
7.2. So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Debtor shall have the right to receive all income from or
interest on the Collateral, as applicable, other than any such income or interest which would be prohibited by the Loan Agreement
(such income or interest distributed by way of a dividend or otherwise shall be promptly delivered to Secured Party to be held as
additional Collateral hereunder (such delivery to be in the manner contemplated by <U>Section 3</U> above)). Upon the occurrence and
during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Debtor will not demand or receive any income from or interest on the Collateral,
as applicable, and if the Debtor receives any such income or interest without any demand by it, the same shall be held by the Debtor
in trust for Secured Party in the same medium in which received, shall not be commingled with any assets of the Debtor and shall be
delivered to Secured Party in the form received, properly endorsed to permit collection, not later than the second Business Day
following the day of its receipt. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
7.3. So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Debtor and each Debtor Holdco, as the case may be, shall be
entitled, in its sole discretion without the need to notify the Secured Party, to exercise any and all voting and other consensual
rights pertaining to the Collateral or any part thereof for any purpose not inconsistent with the terms or purpose of this Agreement
or the Loan Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
7.4. In the event Secured Party shall pay any taxes, assessments, interests, costs, penalties or expenses incident to or in
connection with the collection of the Collateral or protection or enforcement of the Collateral or any security therefor, the
Debtor, upon demand of Secured Party, shall pay to Secured Party the full amount thereof with interest thereon from the date
expended by Secured Party until repaid at a rate per annum (based on a 360-day year for the actual number of days involved) equal to
fifteen percent (15%).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
7.5. The Debtor and each Debtor Holdco shall not sell, assign, alienate, exchange, convey, transfer, hypothecate or otherwise
dispose of or encumber any of the Pledged Interests without the prior written consent of Secured Party.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
VIII. Further Assurances; Secured Party as Agent. The Debtor agrees to take such actions and to execute such stock or bond powers
and such other or different writings as Secured Party may request (and irrevocably authorizes Secured Party to execute such writings
as such Debtor&rsquo;s agent and attorney-in-fact) to create, preserve, perfect or validate Secured Party&rsquo;s security interest
in the Collateral, or to enable Secured Party to exercise or enforce its rights under this Agreement with respect to the Collateral,
including (without limitation) the right to receive, indorse and collect all instruments made payable to the Debtor representing any
dividend, interest payment or other distribution in respect of the Collateral or any part thereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
IX. Events of Default. The occurrence of any Event of Default pursuant to any of the Loan Documents or a breach by the Debtor of the
Secured Obligations, shall constitute an &ldquo;Event of Default&rdquo; hereunder. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
X. Rights and Remedies of Secured Party upon Default. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 10.1. In addition to the rights and privileges set forth in <U>Section 9(b) and (c)</U> and notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Debtor and each Debtor Holdco grants to Secured Party an <B>IRREVOCABLE PROXY</B>, to vote from time to time all or any part of the Pledged Interests pledged by the Debtor hereunder, in each case in any manner Secured Party deems advisable, either for or against any or all matters submitted, or which may be submitted, to a vote of shareholders, partners, or members, as the case may be, and to exercise all other rights, powers, privileges and remedies to which any such shareholders, partners, or members would be entitled (including, without limitation, giving or withholding written consents, clarifications, and waivers with respect to the Pledged Interests, calling special meetings of the holders of the Pledged Interests and voting at such meetings). The <B>IRREVOCABLE PROXY</B> granted hereby is effective automatically, without the necessity that any other action (including, without limitation, that any transfer of any of the Pledged Interests be recorded on the books and records of the issuer of such Pledged Interests) be taken by any Person (including the Debtor, any issuer of Pledged Interests or any officer or agent thereof), is coupled with an interest, shall be irrevocable, shall survive the bankruptcy, dissolution or winding up of the Debtor, and shall terminate at such time as the Secured Obligations shall have been paid in full; <U>provided</U> that, at the earlier of (i) such time as the Secured Obligations shall have been paid in full and (ii) such <B>IRREVOCABLE PROXY</B> is rescinded in writing by the Secured Party, the Debtor will have the right to exercise the voting and consensual rights and powers that it would otherwise be entitled to exercise with respect to its Pledged Interests and all rights of the Secured Party to vote all or any part of the Pledged Interests will cease automatically without the necessity that any other action be taken by any Person (including Secured Party or any officer or agent thereof). The Debtor covenants and agrees that, prior to the expiration of such <B>IRREVOCABLE PROXY</B> and to the extent reasonably requested by Secured Party, the Debtor will reaffirm such <B>IRREVOCABLE PROXY</B> in a manner reasonably satisfactory to the Secured Party. The Secured Party shall not be liable for any failure of the Secured Party not to vote all or any part of any Pledged Interests pledged by the Debtor hereunder or to exercise any other rights pursuant to this <U>Section 9(a)</U>. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Secured Party shall not exercise the <B>IRREVOCABLE PROXY</B> (other than in actions solely to maintain the effectiveness and enforceability of the <B>IRREVOCABLE PROXY</B>) set forth in this clause (a) except upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 10.2. Upon the occurrence and continuance of an Event of Default, and to the extent permitted by the UCC and other applicable law:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a) Secured Party shall have and may exercise with reference to the Collateral and the Secured Obligations any or all of the rights and remedies of a secured party under the UCC, and as otherwise granted herein or under any other applicable law or any other agreement now or hereafter in effect executed by the Debtor, including, without limitation, the right and power to sell, at public or private sale or sales, or otherwise dispose of, or otherwise utilize the Collateral and any part or parts thereof in any manner authorized or permitted under the UCC or any other applicable law after default by a debtor, and to apply the proceeds in accordance with <U>Section 11</U> hereof. Without limiting the foregoing, Secured Party shall have the right to take possession of all or any part of the Collateral and of all books, records, papers and documents of the Debtor or in any of the Debtor&rsquo;s possession or control relating to the Collateral which are not already in Secured Party&rsquo;s possession. In addition, if permitted by applicable law, Secured Party will be entitled to appoint any Person as receiver or receiver and manager (a &ldquo;<U>Receiver</U>&rdquo;) of all or any part of the Collateral in which the Debtor has an interest, and any Receiver so appointed will have all the rights and remedies of Secured Party (except the right to appoint a Receiver). To the extent permitted by law, the Debtor expressly waives any notice of sale or other disposition of the Collateral and all other rights or remedies of the Debtor or formalities prescribed by law relative to sale or disposition of the Collateral or exercise of any other right or remedy of Secured Party existing after default hereunder; and to the extent any such notice is required and cannot be waived, the Debtor agrees that if such notice is given in the manner provided in <U>Section 15</U> hereof at least five (5) days before the time of the sale or disposition, such notice shall be deemed reasonable and shall fully satisfy any requirement for giving of said notice. Secured Party shall not be obligated to make any sale of Collateral regardless of notice of sale having been given. Secured Party may adjourn any public or private sale.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b) Upon notice by Secured Party to the Debtor, Secured Party or its nominee or nominees shall have the sole and exclusive right to exercise all voting and consensual powers pertaining to the Collateral or any part thereof and may exercise such powers in such manner as Secured Party may elect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c) All rights to marshalling of assets of the Debtor, including any such right with respect to the Collateral are hereby waived by the Debtor.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d) All recitals in any instrument of assignment or any other instrument executed by Secured Party incident to sale, lease, transfer, assignment or other disposition, lease or utilization of the Collateral or any part thereof under this <U>Section&nbsp;8(a)</U> shall be full proof of the matters stated therein and no other proof shall be requisite to establish full legal propriety of the sale or other action taken by Secured Party or of any fact, condition or thing incident thereto and all prerequisites of such sale or other action or of any fact, condition or thing incident thereto shall be presumed conclusively to have been performed or to have occurred.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
10.3. THE DEBTOR HEREBY IRREVOCABLY CONSTITUTES AND APPOINTS SECURED PARTY AS THE PROXY AND ATTORNEY-IN-FACT OF THE DEBTOR WITH
RESPECT TO THE COLLATERAL, INCLUDING, SOLELY DURING THE CONTINUANCE OF AN EVENT OF DEFAULT EVENT OF DEFAULT, (I) THE RIGHT TO
TRANSFER AND REGISTER IN ITS NAME OR IN THE NAME OF ITS NOMINEE THE WHOLE OR ANY PART OF THE COLLATERAL, (II) THE RIGHT TO VOTE THE
PLEDGED INTERESTS, WITH FULL POWER OF SUBSTITUTION TO DO SO, (III) THE RIGHT TO RECEIVE AND COLLECT ANY DIVIDEND OR OTHER PAYMENT OR
DISTRIBUTION IN RESPECT OF OR IN EXCHANGE FOR THE COLLATERAL OR ANY PORTION THEREOF, TO GIVE FULL DISCHARGE FOR THE SAME AND TO
INDORSE ANY INSTRUMENT MADE PAYABLE TO SUCH DEBTOR FOR SAME, (IV) THE RIGHT TO EXERCISE ALL OTHER RIGHTS, POWERS, PRIVILEGES AND
REMEDIES TO WHICH A HOLDER OF THE COLLATERAL WOULD BE ENTITLED (INCLUDING, WITH RESPECT TO THE PLEDGED INTERESTS, GIVING OR
WITHHOLDING WRITTEN CONSENTS OF MEMBERS, CALLING SPECIAL MEETINGS OF MEMBERS AND VOTING AT SUCH MEETINGS), AND (V) THE RIGHT TO TAKE
ANY ACTION AND TO EXECUTE ANY INSTRUMENT WHICH AGENT MAY DEEM NECESSARY OR ADVISABLE TO ACCOMPLISH THE PURPOSES OF THIS AGREEMENT.
THE APPOINTMENT OF SECURED PARTY AS PROXY AND ATTORNEY-IN-FACT IS COUPLED WITH AN INTEREST AND SHALL BE IRREVOCABLE UNTIL THE
TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT. SUCH PROXY SHALL BE EFFECTIVE, AUTOMATICALLY AND WITHOUT THE NECESSITY OF ANY ACTION (INCLUDING ANY
TRANSFER OF ANY PLEDGED INTERESTS ON THE RECORD BOOKS OF THE ISSUER THEREOF) BY ANY PERSON (INCLUDING THE ISSUER OF THE PLEDGED
INTERESTS OR ANY OFFICER OR AGENT THEREOF). NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, SECURED PARTY SHALL NOT HAVE ANY DUTY TO EXERCISE ANY
SUCH RIGHT OR TO PRESERVE THE SAME AND SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY FAILURE TO DO SO OR FOR ANY DELAY IN DOING SO.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
10.4. Secured Party shall never be under any obligation to collect, attempt to collect, protect or enforce the Collateral, which the
Debtor agrees and undertake to do at its expense, but Secured Party may do so in its discretion at any time after the occurrence of
an Event of Default. All expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys&rsquo; fees and expenses) incurred or paid by Secured
Party in connection with or incident to any such collection or attempt to collect the Collateral or actions to protect or enforce
the Collateral shall be borne by the Debtor or reimbursed by the Debtor to Secured Party upon demand. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION
10.5. The Secured Party will act in good faith and in a commercially reasonable manner in the exercise of any of its rights and
remedies hereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XI. Special Provisions. The Debtor hereby acknowledges that the sale by Secured Party of any Pledged Interests resulting from an
exercise by Secured Party of its rights hereunder must be made in compliance with the Securities Act of 1933 (the &ldquo;Securities
Act&rdquo;), as well as any applicable Blue Sky or other state or provincial securities laws that may impose limitations as to the
manner in which Secured Party or any other person may dispose of securities. The Debtor acknowledges that any sale or disposition
contemplated pursuant hereto may be at prices and on terms less favorable to Secured Party than those obtainable through a public
sale without any applicable restrictions, and, notwithstanding such circumstances, the Debtor agrees that any such sale or other
disposition shall be deemed to have been made in a commercially reasonable manner. Secured Party shall have no obligation to engage
in public sales and no obligation to delay the sale of any Collateral for any period of time; and the Debtor waives any claims
against Secured Party arising by reason of the fact that the price that might have been obtainable in a public sale was greater than
the price obtained in any such sale or disposition pursuant hereto, even if Secured Party accepts the first offer received and does
not offer the Collateral to more than one offeree.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XII. Application of Proceeds. In the event Secured Party sells or otherwise disposes of the Collateral in the course of exercising
the remedies provided for in this Agreement, any amounts held, realized or received by Secured Party pursuant to the provisions
hereof, including the proceeds of the sale of any of the Collateral or any part thereof, shall be applied by Secured Party first
toward the payment of any costs and expenses incurred by Secured Party in enforcing this Agreement, in realizing on or protecting
any Collateral and in enforcing or collecting any Secured Obligations or any guaranty thereof, including, without limitation, the
actual attorneys&rsquo; fees and expenses incurred by Secured Party, all of which costs and expenses the Debtor agrees to pay, and
then to such other Secured Obligations in such order as Secured Party may elect. Any amounts and any Collateral remaining after such
application and after payment to Secured Party of satisfaction of all of the Secured Obligations in full shall be paid or delivered
to the Debtor, its successor or assigns, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may direct. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XIII. Care of Collateral. Secured Party shall be deemed to have exercised reasonable care in the custody and preservation of the
Collateral in its possession if the Collateral is accorded treatment substantially equal to that which Secured Party accords its own
property, it being understood that Secured Party shall not have any responsibility for (i) ascertaining or taking action with
respect to calls, conversions, exchanges, maturities, tenders or other matters relative to any Collateral, whether or not Secured
Party has or is deemed to have knowledge of such matters, or (ii) taking any necessary steps to preserve rights against any parties
with respect to any Collateral. Prior to an Event of Default, Secured Party agrees to follow the Debtor&rsquo;s reasonable
instructions in connection with any action with respect to the Collateral, provided that such action is not prohibited hereby and
such action would not impair the value or liquidity of the Collateral (or the relationship between the Collateral and the Secured
Obligations).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XIV. Termination. This Agreement and the security interest created hereunder shall terminate upon such date on which all the Secured
Obligations have been paid in full. Upon termination hereof, Secured Party shall execute and deliver (and file all instruments,
terminations, and certificates) to the Debtor all documents which the Debtor shall reasonably request to evidence termination of
such security interest and shall return physical possession of any Collateral then held by Secured Party to the Debtor; provided,
however, that all indemnities of the Debtor contained in this Agreement shall survive, and remain in full force and effect
regardless of the termination of the security interest or this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement and the
security interest granted hereunder shall be reinstated if at any time any payment or delivery pursuant to an Obligation, in whole
or in part, is rescinded or must otherwise be returned by Secured Party under the application of the Bankruptcy Code or any other
Debtor Law, all as though such payment or delivery had not been made.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XV. Additional Information. The Debtor agrees to furnish Secured Party from time to time with such additional information and copies
of such documents relating to this Agreement and the Collateral, as Secured Party may reasonably request.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XVI. Notices. Any communication, notice or demand to be given hereunder shall be given in accordance with the Loan
Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XVII. Indemnity and Expenses. The Debtor agrees to indemnify Secured Party from and against any and all claims, losses and
liabilities growing out of or resulting from this Agreement (including, without limitation, enforcement of any rights under this
Agreement, and any claims or demands of any persons at any time claiming the Collateral or any interest therein), except claims,
losses or liabilities resulting from Secured Party&rsquo;s gross negligence or willful misconduct. The Debtor agrees to pay on
demand all out-of-pocket expenses (including the reasonable fees and expenses of Secured Party&rsquo;s legal counsel, experts and
agents) in any way relating to the monitoring, administration, enforcement or protection of the rights of Secured Party
hereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XVIII. No Waiver; Cumulative Rights. No failure on the part of Secured Party to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right,
remedy or power hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise by Secured Party of any right,
remedy or power hereunder preclude any other or future exercise of any other right, remedy or power. Each and every right, remedy
and power hereby granted to Secured Party or allowed it by law or other agreement shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any
other, and may be exercised by Secured Party from time to time.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XIX. Applicable Law. Except to the extent that the laws of a particular province provide that its laws apply to the validity of
security interests in particular collateral, this Agreement and the rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall be
governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Utah applicable to contracts made and to be performed
entirely within such state without regards to the conflict of laws principles thereof other than mandatory provisions of
law.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XX. Assignment; Binding Effect; Benefit. The rights and obligations of the parties under this Agreement are not assignable without
the prior written consent of the other parties, except that Secured Party may assign all or any of its rights and benefits
hereunder, and may delegate all or any of its obligations or liabilities (whether by assignment, merger, liquidation or otherwise),
and upon any such assignment, Secured Party&rsquo;s rights, benefits, obligations and liabilities shall automatically cease. Subject
to the immediately preceding sentence, this Agreement will be binding upon, inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the
parties and their respective successors and assigns. Nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, is intended to confer on any
person other than the parties and their respective successors and assigns, any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or
by reason of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XXI. Third Party Rights. Any obligations or rights of the Debtor or the Secured Party of any nature under the terms of this
Agreement will not be construed to confer any right or benefit upon any unrelated third-party (individual or entity) that is not
party to this Agreement, including, without limitation, any third-party creditor of the Debtor or the Secured Party.</FONT></P>

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XXII. Execution in Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original,
but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first above written.</FONT></P>

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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SECURED PARTY</B>:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CEDARVIEW CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC</B>,<BR> a Delaware limited liability company</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Burton Weinstein</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Manager</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">[Signature Page to Pledge Agreement &ndash; Vivakor, Inc.]</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first above written.</FONT></P>

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    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>DEBTOR:</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VIVAKOR, INC.,<BR> </B><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">a Nevada corporation</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>



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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>DEBTOR
    HOLDCOS:</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VIVAVENTURES MANAGEMENT COMPANY, INC.,<BR> </B><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">a Nevada corporation</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>



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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VIVAKOR OPERATING, LLC</B>,<BR> a Texas limited liability company</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 4%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 46%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: VIVAKOR ADMINISTRATION, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas limited liability company,<BR> its Manager</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VIVAKOR TRANSPORTATION, LLC</B>,<BR> a Texas limited liability company</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 4%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 46%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: VIVAKOR ADMINISTRATION, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas limited liability company,<BR> its Manager</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">[Signature Page to Pledge Agreement &ndash; Vivakor, Inc.]</FONT></P>

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  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 4%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 46%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: VIVAKOR ADMINISTRATION, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas limited liability company,<BR> its Manager</FONT></TD></TR>
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  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">[Signature Page to Pledge Agreement &ndash; Vivakor, Inc.]</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Execution
Copy</I></B></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>SCHEDULE I</U></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PLEDGED INTERESTS</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="3" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Debtor</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 30%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Pledged equity interests</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Type and Amount <BR> of Ownership</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 30%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Pledged Interest</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">VivaVentures Management Company, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100% of<BR> Ownership Interest</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">VivaVentures Oil Sands, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100% of<BR> Ownership Interest</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Silver Fuels Delhi, LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100% of<BR> Ownership Interest</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">White Claw Colorado City LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100% of<BR> Ownership Interest</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivaventures Remediation Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100% of<BR> Ownership Interest</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">VivaVentures Energy Group, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100% of<BR> Ownership Interest</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Endeavor Crude, LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100% of<BR> Ownership Interest</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Meridian Equipment Leasing LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100% of<BR> Ownership Interest</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Silver Fuels Processing LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100% of<BR> Ownership Interest</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; width: 100%">
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The terms of such pledge are the subject of the Irrevocable Instruction Letter, as defined in the Loan Agreement.</FONT></TD> </TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Execution
Copy</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>SCHEDULE II</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">DEBTOR INFORMATION</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="3" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 33%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Debtor&rsquo;s Legal Name</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 34%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Debtor&rsquo;s State of Formation <BR> or State of Primary Residence</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 33%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Debtor&rsquo;s Chief Executive Office <BR> or Primary Residence</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; text-indent: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nevada</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5220 Spring Valley Road, Suite 500</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, TX 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">DEBTOR HOLDCO INFORMATION</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="3" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 33%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Debtor&rsquo;s Legal Name</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 34%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Debtor&rsquo;s State of Formation <BR> or State of Primary Residence</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; width: 33%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Debtor&rsquo;s Chief Executive Office <BR> or Primary Residence</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">VivaVentures Management Company, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; text-indent: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nevada</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5220 Spring Valley Road, Suite 500</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, TX 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor Operating, LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; text-indent: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Texas</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5220 Spring Valley Road, Suite 500</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, TX 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor Transportation, LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; text-indent: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Texas</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5220 Spring Valley Road, Suite 500</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, TX 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">VM Facilities, LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; text-indent: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Texas</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5220 Spring Valley Road, Suite 500</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, TX 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

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<TYPE>EX-10.3
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>vivakorinc_ex10-3.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 10.3
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 10.3</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>EXHIBIT B</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Guaranty</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>GUARANTY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">THIS GUARANTY (this &ldquo;<U>Guaranty</U>&rdquo;) is made as of October 31, 2024, by VivaVentures Management Company, Inc., a Nevada corporation, VivaVentures Oil Sands, Inc., a Utah corporation, Silver Fuels Delhi, LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company, White Claw Colorado City LLC, a Texas limited liability company, VivaVentures Remediation Corporation, a Texas corporation, VivaVentures Energy Group, Inc., a Nevada corporation, Endeavor Crude, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, Meridian Equipment Leasing LLC, a Texas limited liability company and Silver Fuels Processing LLC, a Texas limited liability company (each, a &ldquo;<U>Guarantor</U>&rdquo; and, collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Guarantors</U>&rdquo;), in favor of Cedarview Capital Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the &ldquo;<U>Agent</U>&rdquo;) on behalf of the lenders under the Loan Agreement (as defined below) (including their respective successors, transferees and assigns, collectively, &ldquo;<U>Lenders</U>&rdquo;; each individually, a &ldquo;<U>Lender</U>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">RECITALS:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">WHEREAS, Lenders, Agent, the Guarantors and Vivakor, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the &ldquo;<U>Borrower</U>&rdquo;), have entered into that certain Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (as it may hereafter be modified, supplemented, extended, or renewed and in effect from time to time, the &ldquo;<U>Loan Agreement</U>&rdquo;), which Loan Agreement sets forth the terms and conditions of Borrower&rsquo;s obligations under the Loan Documents (said obligations being referred to herein as the &ldquo;<U>Obligations</U>&rdquo;), all capitalized terms used and not defined in this Guaranty shall have the meaning given to such terms in the Loan Agreement, and this Guaranty is one of the Loan Documents described in the Loan Agreement;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">WHEREAS, each Guarantor is an Affiliate of Borrower and will receive direct or indirect benefit from Lenders&rsquo; making of the Obligations to Borrower;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">WHEREAS, the Obligations are evidenced by those certain promissory notes executed by Borrower and payable to the order of a Lender (such promissory notes, as they may hereafter be renewed, extended, supplemented, increased or modified and in effect from time to time, and all other notes given in substitution therefor, or in modification, renewal, or extension thereof, in whole or in part, collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Note</U>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NOW, THEREFORE, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, and as a material inducement to Lenders to extend credit to Borrower, each Guarantor hereby jointly and severally guarantees to Agent on behalf Lenders, the prompt and full payment and performance of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower (defined below), this Guaranty being upon the following terms and conditions:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1. <U>Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower</U>. Each Guarantor hereby unconditionally and irrevocably jointly and severally with the other Guarantors guarantees to Agent on behalf of Lenders the punctual payment when due, and not merely the collectability, whether by lapse of time, by acceleration of maturity, or otherwise, and at all times thereafter the payment of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower. As used herein, the term &ldquo;<U>Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower</U>&rdquo; shall mean: (i) any and all interest payments for which Borrower shall be liable to Lenders pursuant to the Loan Documents and (ii) upon the occurrence of a Guarantor Recourse Event (as defined below), any and all obligations (including, without limitation, payment of the Debt (as defined below) in full) and liabilities of Borrower for which Borrower shall be liable to Agent and/or Lender pursuant the Loan Agreement. As used herein, the term &ldquo;<U>Guarantor Recourse Event</U>&rdquo; shall mean: (i) the first time a monthly payment of Cash Interest due pursuant to the Loan Documents is not paid in full when due, and not cured within any applicable grace or cure period; (ii) the first time any fee payable to the Agent or Lender pursuant to the Loan Documents is not paid in full when due, and not cured within any applicable grace or cure period; (iii) the first time the Minimum Interest is not paid in full when due, and not cured within any applicable grace or cure period; (iv) the dissolution, bankruptcy and/or insolvency of any Guarantor or the Borrower; (v) fraud or material intentional misrepresentation by the Borrower or any Guarantor or any of their respective principals (if any) or (vi) the Borrower or any Guarantor or any of their respective principals (if any) hindering or contesting (except by way of raising any good faith defenses), or causing another person or entity to hinder or contest, Agent&rsquo;s exercise of its remedies under the Loan Documents.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2. <U>Certain Agreements and Waivers by Guarantors</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a) Each Guarantor hereby agrees that each of the following shall constitute &ldquo;<U>Events of Default</U>&rdquo; hereunder (i) the occurrence of a default by any Guarantor in payment of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower, or any part thereof, when such indebtedness becomes due, and the applicable grace or cure period had expired, and (ii) the dissolution, bankruptcy and/or insolvency of any Guarantor.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b) Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default hereunder, the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower, for purposes of this Guaranty, shall be deemed immediately due and payable at the election of Agent. Each Guarantor shall, on written demand, pay the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower to Agent. It shall not be necessary for Agent, in order to enforce such payment, first to (i) institute suit or pursue or exhaust any rights or remedies against Borrower or others liable for the Obligations together with all interest accrued and unpaid thereon and all other sums due to Agent and/or Lender in respect of the Obligations pursuant to the Loan Documents (the &ldquo;<U>Debt</U>&rdquo;), (ii) enforce any rights against any security that shall ever have been given to secure the Debt, (iii) join Borrower or any others liable for the payment or performance of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower or any part thereof in any action to enforce this Guaranty and/or (iv) resort to any other means of obtaining payment or performance of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c) In the event any payment by Borrower or any other Person to Agent or Lender is held to constitute a preference, fraudulent transfer or other voidable payment under any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, or if for any other reason Agent or any Lender is required to refund such payment or pay the amount thereof to any other party, such payment by Borrower or any other party to Agent or any such Lender, as applicable, shall not constitute a release of any Guarantor from any liability hereunder and this Guaranty shall continue to be effective or shall be reinstated (notwithstanding any prior release, surrender or discharge by Agent or such Lender of this Guaranty or of any Guarantor), as the case may be, with respect to, and this Guaranty shall apply to, any and all amounts so refunded by Agent or any Lender, as applicable, or paid by Agent or Lender, as applicable, to another Person (which amounts shall constitute part of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower), and any interest paid by Agent or any Lender and any attorneys&rsquo; fees, costs and expenses paid or incurred by Agent or Lender in connection with any such event. If acceleration of the time for payment of any amount payable by Borrower under any Loan Document is stayed or delayed by any law or tribunal, any amounts due and payable hereunder shall nonetheless be payable by any Guarantor on demand by Agent.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3. <U>Subordination</U>. If, for any reason whatsoever, Borrower is now or hereafter becomes indebted to any Guarantor:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a) indebtedness and all interest thereon and all liens, security interests and rights now or hereafter existing with respect to property of Borrower securing same shall, at all times, be subordinate in all respects to the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower and to all liens, security interests and rights now or hereafter existing to secure the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b) No Guarantor shall be entitled to enforce or receive payment, directly or indirectly, of any such indebtedness of Borrower to any Guarantor until the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower have been fully and finally paid and performed except as otherwise set forth in the Loan Agreement;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c) Each Guarantor hereby assigns and grants to Agent on behalf of Lender a security interest in all such indebtedness and security therefor, if any, of Borrower to such Guarantor now existing or hereafter arising, including any dividends and payments pursuant to debtor relief or insolvency proceedings referred to below. In the event of receivership, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement or other debtor relief or insolvency proceedings involving Borrower as debtor, Agent shall have the right to prove its claim in any such proceeding so as to establish its rights hereunder and shall have the right to receive directly from the receiver, trustee or other custodian (whether or not an Event of Default shall have occurred or be continuing hereunder or under any of the other Loan Documents), dividends and payments that are payable upon any obligation of Borrower to a Guarantor now existing or hereafter arising, and to have all benefits of any security therefor, until the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower have been fully and finally paid and performed. If, notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, a Guarantor should receive any payment, claim or distribution that is prohibited as provided above in this <U>Section 3</U>, such Guarantor shall pay the same to Agent immediately, such Guarantor hereby agreeing that it shall receive the payment, claim or distribution in trust for Agent and shall have absolutely no dominion over the same except to pay it immediately to Agent; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d) Each Guarantor shall promptly upon request of Agent from time to time execute such documents and perform such acts as Agent may require to evidence and perfect its interest and to permit or facilitate exercise of its rights under this Section.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4. <U>Other Liability of Guarantor or Borrower</U>. If any Guarantor is or becomes liable, by endorsement or otherwise, for any indebtedness owing by Borrower to Agent or Lender other than under this Guaranty, such liability shall not be in any manner impaired or affected hereby, and the rights of Agent and Lender hereunder shall be cumulative of any and all other rights that Agent and Lender may have against such Guarantor.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5. <U>Assignment by Agent</U>. This Guaranty is for the benefit of Agent and Lender and their successors and assigns, and in the event of an assignment of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower, or any part thereof, the rights and benefits hereunder, to the extent applicable to the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower so assigned, may be transferred with such Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower. Each Guarantor waives notice of any transfer or assignment of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower, or any part thereof, and agrees that failure to give notice will not affect the liabilities of Guarantor hereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6. <U>Binding Effect</U>. This Guaranty is binding not only on each Guarantor, but also on each of the Guarantor&rsquo;s respective successors and assigns. Without limitation of any other term, provision or waiver contained herein, each Guarantor hereby acknowledges and agrees that he or she, as applicable, has been furnished true, complete and correct copies of the Loan Documents and has reviewed the terms and provisions thereof (including, without limitation, the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7. <U>Nature of Guaranty</U>. Each Guarantor hereby acknowledges and agrees that this Guaranty (a) is a guaranty of payment and not only of collection and that each Guarantor is jointly and severally with the other Guarantors liable hereunder as a primary obligor, (b) shall only be deemed discharged after the indefeasible satisfaction in full of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower and the Debt, (c) shall not be reduced, released, discharged, satisfied or otherwise impacted in connection with (i) any act or occurrence that might, but for the provisions hereof, be deemed a legal or equitable reduction, satisfaction, discharge or release and/or (ii)&nbsp;Agent or Lenders&rsquo; enforcement of remedies under the Loan Documents and (d) shall survive the foregoing and shall not merge with any resulting foreclosure deed, deed in lieu or similar instrument (if any).</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8. <U>Governing Law</U>. The governing law and related provisions set forth in Section&nbsp;10.11 of the Loan Agreement are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein (with the Guarantors substituted in all places where Borrower appears thereunder) and shall be deemed fully applicable to each Guarantor hereunder. Each Guarantor hereby certifies that it or he has received and reviewed the Loan Agreement (including, without limitation, Section 10.11 thereof). In the event of any conflict or inconsistency between the terms and conditions thereof and this <U>Section 8</U>, this <U>Section 8</U> shall control.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9. <U>Invalidity of Certain Provisions</U>. If any provision of this Guaranty or the application thereof to any Person or circumstance shall, for any reason and to any extent, be declared to be invalid or unenforceable, neither the remaining provisions of this Guaranty nor the application of such provision to any other Person or circumstance shall be affected thereby, and the remaining provisions of this Guaranty, or the applicability of such provision to other Persons or circumstances, as applicable, shall remain in effect and be enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by applicable legal requirements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10. <U>Attorneys&rsquo; Fees, Costs and Expenses of Collection</U>. The Guarantors jointly and severally agree to pay on demand all attorneys&rsquo; fees, costs and expenses and all other costs and expenses incurred by Agent and/or Lenders in the enforcement of or preservation of Agent and Lenders&rsquo; rights under this Guaranty including, without limitation, all court costs, whether or not suit is filed herein, or whether at maturity or by acceleration, or whether before or after maturity, or whether in connection with bankruptcy, insolvency or appeal, or whether in connection with the collection and enforcement of this Guaranty against any other Guarantor. Each Guarantor jointly and severally with the other Guarantors agrees to pay interest on any expenses or other sums due to Agent and Lenders under this <U>Section 10</U> that are not paid when due, at a rate per annum equal to the interest rate provided for in the Loan Agreement. Guarantor&rsquo;s obligations and liabilities under this <U>Section 10</U> shall survive any payment or discharge in full of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11. <U>Payments</U>. All sums payable under this Guaranty shall be paid in lawful money of the United States of America that at the time of payment is legal tender for the payment of public and private debts.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12. <U>Controlling Agreement</U>. It is not the intention of Agent, Lenders or any Guarantor to obligate any Guarantor to pay interest in excess of that lawfully permitted to be paid by Guarantor under applicable legal requirements. Should it be determined that any portion of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower or any other amount payable by any Guarantor under this Guaranty constitutes interest in excess of the maximum amount of interest that such Guarantor, in such Guarantor&rsquo;s capacity as guarantor, may lawfully be required to pay under applicable legal requirements, the obligation of such Guarantor to pay such interest shall automatically be limited to the payment thereof in the maximum amount so permitted under applicable legal requirements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.75in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13. <U>Notices</U>. Any and all notices, elections, demands, requests and responses thereto permitted or required to be given under this Guaranty shall be given in accordance with the applicable terms and conditions of the Loan Agreement. Notices to any Guarantor shall be addressed as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Guarantor</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">c/o Vivakor, Inc.<BR> 5220 Spring Valley Road, Suite 500</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, TX 75242<BR> Telephone: 318 469 3084</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">E-mail: <U>jballengee@vivakor.com</U></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.25in; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14. <U>Cumulative Rights</U>. The exercise by Agent or Lenders of any right or remedy hereunder or under any other Loan Document, or at law or in equity, shall not preclude the concurrent or subsequent exercise of any other right or remedy. Agent and Lenders shall have all rights, remedies and recourses afforded to Agent and Lenders by reason of this Guaranty or any other Loan Document or by law or equity or otherwise, and the same (a) shall be cumulative and concurrent, (b) may be pursued separately, successively or concurrently against any Guarantor or others obligated for the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower, or any part thereof, or against any one or more of them, or against any security or otherwise, at the sole discretion of Agent or Lenders, as applicable, (c) may be exercised as often as occasion therefor shall arise, it being agreed by each Guarantor that the exercise of, discontinuance of the exercise of or failure to exercise any of such rights, remedies, or recourses shall in no event be construed as a waiver or release thereof or of any other right, remedy, or recourse, and (d) are intended to be, and shall be, nonexclusive. No waiver of any default on the part of any Guarantor or of any breach of any of the provisions of this Guaranty or of any other document shall be considered a waiver of any other or subsequent default or breach, and no delay or omission in exercising or enforcing the rights and powers granted herein or in any other document shall be construed as a waiver of such rights and powers, and no exercise or enforcement of any rights or powers hereunder or under any other document shall be held to exhaust such rights and powers, and every such right and power may be exercised from time to time. The granting of any consent, approval or waiver by Agent or Lenders shall be limited to the specific instance and purpose therefor and shall not constitute consent or approval in any other instance or for any other purpose. No notice to or demand on any Guarantor in any case shall of itself entitle such Guarantor to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances. No provision of this Guaranty or any right, remedy or recourse of Agent or Lenders with respect hereto, or any default or breach, can be waived, nor can this Guaranty or any Guarantor be released or discharged in any way or to any extent, except specifically in each case by a writing intended for that purpose (and which refers specifically to this Guaranty) executed, and delivered to such Guarantor, by Agent.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">15. <U>Subrogation</U>. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, (a)&nbsp;no Guarantor shall have any right of subrogation in or under any of the Loan Documents or to participate in any way therein, or in any right, title or interest in and to any security or right of recourse for the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower, until the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower have been fully and finally paid, and (b) if any Guarantor is or becomes an &ldquo;insider&rdquo; (as defined in Section 101 of the Bankruptcy Code) with respect to Borrower, then such Guarantor hereby irrevocably and absolutely waives any and all rights of contribution, indemnification, reimbursement or any similar rights against Borrower with respect to this Guaranty (including any right of subrogation, except to the extent of collateral held by Agent), whether such rights arise under an express or implied contract or by operation of law. It is the intention of the parties that no Guarantor shall be deemed to be a &ldquo;creditor&rdquo; (as defined in Section 101 of the Bankruptcy Code) of Borrower by reason of the existence of this Guaranty in the event that either one of the Borrower or a Guarantor becomes a debtor in any proceeding under the Bankruptcy Code. This waiver is given to induce Lender to make the Term Loan as evidenced by the Note to Borrower.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16. <U>Further Assurances</U>. Each Guarantor at such Guarantor&rsquo;s expense will promptly execute and deliver to Agent upon Agent&rsquo;s request all such other and further documents, agreements, and instruments in compliance with or accomplishment of the agreements of such Guarantor under this Guaranty.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17. <U>No Fiduciary Relationship</U>. The relationship between Agent and Lenders, respectively, and each Guarantor, is solely that of lender and guarantor. Neither Agent nor any Lender has a fiduciary or other special relationship with or duty to any Guarantor and none are created hereby or may be inferred from any course of dealing or act or omission of Agent or any Lender.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18. <U>Interpretation</U>. If this Guaranty is signed by more than one Person as &ldquo;Guarantor&rdquo;, then the term &ldquo;Guarantor&rdquo; as used in this Guaranty shall refer to all such Persons jointly and severally, and all promises, agreements, covenants, waivers, consents, representations, warranties and other provisions in this Guaranty are made by and shall be binding upon each and every such undersigned Person, jointly and severally and Agent may pursue any Guarantor hereunder without being required (i) to pursue any other Guarantor hereunder or (ii) pursue rights and remedies under the Loan Agreement and/or applicable legal requirements with respect to the Collateral or any other Loan Documents.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">19. <U>Time of Essence</U>. Time shall be of the essence in this Guaranty with respect to all of each Guarantor&rsquo;s obligations hereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">20. <U>Execution</U>. This Guaranty may be executed in multiple counterparts, each of which, for all purposes, shall be deemed an original, and all of which together shall constitute one and the same agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">21. <U>Entire Agreement</U>. This Guaranty embodies the entire agreement between Agent, and Lenders, respectively, and each Guarantor with respect to the guaranty by such Guarantor of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower. This Guaranty supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, if any, with respect to guaranty by each Guarantor of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower. No condition or conditions precedent to the effectiveness of this Guaranty exist. This Guaranty shall be effective as to each Guarantor upon execution by such Guarantor and delivery to Agent. This Guaranty may not be modified, amended or superseded except in a writing signed by Agent and each Guarantor referencing this Guaranty by its date and specifically identifying the portions hereof that are to be modified, amended or superseded. The Loan Documents represent the final agreement between the parties and may not be contradicted by evidence of prior, contemporaneous or subsequent oral agreements of the parties.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">22. <U>WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL</U>. EACH GUARANTOR HEREBY WAIVES TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING TO WHICH SUCH GUARANTOR AND AGENT AND/OR LENDERS MAY BE PARTIES ARISING OUT OF, IN CONNECTION WITH, OR IN ANY WAY PERTAINING TO, THIS GUARANTY AND ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT. IT IS AGREED AND UNDERSTOOD THAT THIS WAIVER CONSTITUTES A WAIVER OF TRIAL BY JURY OF ALL CLAIMS AGAINST ALL PARTIES TO SUCH ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS, INCLUDING CLAIMS AGAINST PARTIES WHO ARE NOT PARTIES TO THIS GUARANTY. THIS WAIVER IS KNOWINGLY, WILLINGLY AND VOLUNTARILY MADE BY EACH GUARANTOR, AND EACH GUARANTOR HEREBY REPRESENTS THAT NO REPRESENTATIONS OF FACT OR OPINION HAVE BEEN MADE BY ANY INDIVIDUAL TO INDUCE THIS WAIVER OF TRIAL BY JURY OR TO IN ANY WAY MODIFY OR NULLIFY ITS EFFECT. EACH GUARANTOR FURTHER REPRESENTS AND WARRANTS THAT IT OR HE HAS BEEN REPRESENTED IN THE SIGNING OF THIS GUARANTY AND IN THE MAKING OF THIS WAIVER BY INDEPENDENT LEGAL COUNSEL, OR HAS HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO BE REPRESENTED BY INDEPENDENT LEGAL COUNSEL SELECTED OF HIS OR HER OWN FREE WILL, AS APPLICABLE, AND THAT HE OR SHE, AS APPLICABLE HAS HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO DISCUSS THIS WAIVER WITH COUNSEL.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23. <U>Consent to Jurisdiction</U>. Each Guarantor irrevocably submits generally and unconditionally for itself and in respect of its property to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of the federal and state courts located in the State of Utah over any suit, action or proceeding arising out of, or relating to, this Guaranty, and irrevocably agrees that all claims in respect of such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in such state or federal court. Each Guarantor irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection that such Guarantor may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court, and any claims that any such suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum. Final judgment in any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court shall be conclusive and binding upon each Guarantor and may be enforced in any court in which such Guarantor is subject to jurisdiction, by a suit upon such judgment provided that service of process is effected upon a Guarantor as provided in the Loan Documents or as otherwise permitted by applicable legal requirements. Each Guarantor hereby releases, to the extent permitted by applicable legal requirements, all errors and all rights of exemption, appeal, stay of execution, inquisition, and other rights to which such Guarantor may otherwise be entitled under the laws of the United States of America or of any state of possession of the United States of America now in force and which may hereinafter be enacted. The authority and power to appear for and enter judgment against a Guarantor shall not be exhausted by one or more exercises thereof or by any imperfect exercise thereof and shall not be extinguished by any judgment entered pursuant thereto. Such authority may be exercised on one or more occasions or from time to time in the same or different jurisdiction as often as Agent shall deem necessary and desirable, for all of which this Guaranty shall be sufficient warrant.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">24. <U>Waivers</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a) Each Guarantor hereby agrees that neither Agent&rsquo;s nor Lenders&rsquo; rights or remedies nor such Guarantor&rsquo;s obligations under the terms of this Guaranty shall be released, diminished, impaired, reduced or affected by any one or more of the following events, actions, facts, or circumstances, and the liability of each Guarantor under this Guaranty shall be absolute and unconditional irrespective of (and each Guarantor hereby waives any rights or protections related to):</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)&nbsp;any limitation of liability or recourse in any other Loan Document or arising under any law;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)&nbsp;any claim or defense that this Guaranty was made without consideration or is not supported by adequate consideration;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)&nbsp;the taking or accepting of any other security or guaranty for, or right of recourse with respect to, any or all of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iv)&nbsp;any release, surrender, abandonment, exchange, alteration, sale or other disposition, subordination, deterioration, waste, failure to protect or preserve, impairment, or loss of, or any failure to create or perfect any lien or security interest with respect to, or any other dealings with, any collateral or security at any time existing or purported, believed or expected to exist in connection with any or all of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower, including any impairment of a Guarantor&rsquo;s recourse against any Person or collateral;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(v)&nbsp;whether express or by operation of law, any partial release of the liability of a Guarantor hereunder, or if one or more other guaranties are now or hereafter obtained by Agent or Lenders covering all or any part of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower, any complete or partial release of any one or more of such guarantors under any such other guaranty, or any complete or partial release or settlement of Borrower or any other party liable, directly or indirectly, for the payment or performance of any or all of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(vi)&nbsp;the death, insolvency, bankruptcy, disability, dissolution, liquidation, termination, receivership, reorganization, merger, amalgamation, consolidation, change of form, structure or ownership, sale of all assets, or lack of corporate, partnership or other power of Borrower or any other party at any time liable for the payment or performance of any or all of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(vii)&nbsp;either with or without notice to or consent of a Guarantor: any renewal, extension, modification or rearrangement of the terms of any or all of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower and/or any of the Loan Documents;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(viii)&nbsp;any neglect, lack of diligence, delay, omission, failure, or refusal of Agent or Lenders to take or prosecute (or in taking or prosecuting) any action for the collection or enforcement of any of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower, or to foreclose or take or prosecute any action to foreclose (or in foreclosing or taking or prosecuting any action to foreclose) upon any security therefor, or to exercise (or in exercising) any other right or power with respect to any security therefor, or to take or prosecute (or in taking or prosecuting) any action in connection with any Loan Document, or any failure to sell or otherwise dispose of in a commercially reasonable manner any collateral securing any or all of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ix)&nbsp;any failure of Agent or Lenders to notify a Guarantor of any creation, renewal, extension, rearrangement, modification, supplement, subordination, or assignment of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower or any part thereof, or of any Loan Document, or of any release of or change in any security, or of any other action taken or refrained from being taken by Agent or Lenders against Borrower or any security or other recourse, or of any new agreement between Agent or Lenders and Borrower, it being understood that neither Agent nor Lenders shall not be required to give a Guarantor any notice of any kind under any circumstances with respect to or in connection with the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower, any and all rights to notice a Guarantor may have otherwise had being hereby waived by each Guarantor, and each Guarantor shall be responsible for obtaining for itself information regarding Borrower, including, but not limited to, any changes in the business or financial condition of Borrower, and each Guarantor acknowledges and agrees that neither Agent nor Lenders shall have no duty to notify any Guarantor of any information which Agent or Lenders may have concerning Borrower;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(x)&nbsp;if for any reason Agent or any Lender is required to refund any payment by Borrower to any other party liable for the payment or performance of any or all of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower or pay the amount thereof to someone else;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xi)&nbsp;the making of advances by Agent or any Lender to protect its interest in the Collateral, preserve the value of the Collateral or for the purpose of performing any term or covenant contained in any of the Loan Documents;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xii)&nbsp;the existence of any claim, counterclaim, set off, recoupment, reduction or defense based upon any claim or other right that a Guarantor may at any time have against the Borrower, Agent, Lender, or any other Person, whether or not arising in connection with this Guaranty, the Note, the Loan Agreement, or any other Loan Document;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xiii)&nbsp;the unenforceability of all or any part of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower against Borrower, whether because the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower exceed the amount permitted by law or violate any usury law, or because the act of creating the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower, or any part thereof, is ultra vires, or because the officers or Persons creating same acted in excess of their authority, or because of a lack of validity or enforceability of or defect or deficiency in any of the Loan Documents, or because Borrower have any valid defense, claim or offset with respect thereto, or because Borrower&rsquo;s obligation ceases to exist by operation of law, or because of any other reason or circumstance, it being agreed that each Guarantor shall remain liable hereon regardless of whether Borrower or any other Person be found not liable on the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower, or any part thereof, for any reason (and regardless of any joinder of Borrower or any other party in any action to obtain payment or performance of any or all of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower);</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xiv)&nbsp;any order, ruling or plan of reorganization emanating from proceedings under any bankruptcy or similar insolvency laws with respect to Borrower or any other Person, including any extension, reduction, composition, or other alteration of the Guaranteed Obligations of Borrower, whether or not consented to by Agent or Lenders; and/or</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xv)&nbsp;any partial or total transfer, pledge and/or reconstitution of Borrower and/or any direct or indirect owner of Borrower (regardless of whether the same is permitted under the Loan Documents).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xvi)&nbsp;This Guaranty shall be effective as a waiver of, and each Guarantor hereby expressly waives:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xvii)&nbsp;any and all rights to which a Guarantor may otherwise have been entitled under any suretyship laws in effect from time to time, including any right or privilege, whether existing under statute, at law or in equity, to require Agent or Lenders to take prior recourse or proceedings against any collateral, security or Person whatsoever;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xviii)&nbsp;any other circumstance that may constitute a defense of Borrower or a Guarantor hereunder and/or under the other Loan Documents; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xix)&nbsp;any right and/or requirement of or related to notice, presentment, protest, notice of protest, further notice of nonpayment, notice of dishonor, default, nonperformance, intent to accelerate, acceleration, existence of the Debt and/or any amendment or modification of the Debt.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">25. Representations<U>, Warranties and Covenants of Each Guarantor</U>. Each Guarantor hereby makes the following representations, warranties and covenants (each of which shall remain materially true and correct during the term hereof):</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)&nbsp;This Guaranty and the other Loan Documents to which a Guarantor is a party constitutes when delivered, valid and binding obligations of such Guarantor, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)&nbsp;There is no existing event of default, and no event has occurred which with the passage of time or the giving of notice or both will constitute an event of default, under any agreement to which such Guarantor is a party, the effect of which event of default will impair performance by such Guarantor of such Guarantor&rsquo;s obligations pursuant to and as contemplated by the terms of this Guaranty, and neither the execution and delivery of this Guaranty nor compliance with the terms and provisions hereof (i) will violate any presently existing provision of law or any presently existing regulation, order, writ, injunction or decree of any court or governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality, or (ii) will conflict or will be inconsistent with, or will result in any breach of, any of the terms, covenants, conditions or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, instrument, document, agreement or contract of any kind that creates, represents, evidences or provides for any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any of the property or assets of such Guarantor, or any other indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, instrument, document, agreement or contract of any kind to which such Guarantor is a party or by which such Guarantor or any of such Guarantor&rsquo;s property may be subject, or in the event of any such conflict, the required consent or waiver of the other party or parties thereto has been validly granted, is in full force and effect, is valid and sufficient therefor and has been approved in writing by Agent;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)&nbsp;There are no actions, suits or proceedings pending or threatened against such Guarantor before any court or any governmental, administrative, regulatory, adjudicatory or arbitrational body or agency of any kind that will adversely affect performance by such Guarantor of such Guarantor&rsquo;s obligations pursuant to and as contemplated by the terms and provisions of this Guaranty;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)&nbsp;Neither this Guaranty nor any document, financial statement, credit information, certificate or statement heretofore furnished or required herein to be furnished to Agent and/or Lenders by such Guarantor contains any untrue statement of fact or omits to state a fact material to this Guaranty; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)&nbsp;Each of the representations and covenants of and/or relating to such Guarantor set forth in the other Loan Documents are hereby re-made by such Guarantor and incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">26. <U>Financial Covenants of Guarantor.</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)&nbsp;Each Guarantor (i) shall keep and maintain complete and accurate books and records and (ii) shall permit Agent and any authorized representatives of Agent to have access to and to inspect, examine and make copies of the books and records, any and all financial accounts, financial data and other documents of such Guarantor, at all reasonable times, during normal business hours, at such Guarantor&rsquo;s address for notices as set forth herein upon the giving of reasonable notice of such intent. Each Guarantor shall also provide to Agent, upon Agent&rsquo;s reasonable request, such proofs of payments, costs, expenses, revenues and earnings, and other documentation as Agent may reasonably request, from time to time, and with such other information, in such detail as may reasonably be required by Agent.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)&nbsp;On the date hereof and immediately following the effectiveness of this Guaranty, each Guarantor will be Solvent. As used in this paragraph, the term &ldquo;<U>Solvent</U>&rdquo; means, with respect to each Guarantor on a particular date, that on such date (A) the present fair market value (or present fair saleable value) of the assets of such Guarantor are not less than the total amount required to pay the probable liabilities of such Guarantor on its total existing debts and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) as they become absolute and matured, (B) such Guarantor is able to realize upon its assets and pay its debts and other liabilities, contingent obligations and commitments as they mature and become due in the normal course of business, (C) such Guarantor is not incurring debts or liabilities beyond its ability to pay as such debts and liabilities mature and (D) such Guarantor is not engaged in any business or transaction, and is not about to engage in any business or transaction, for which its property would constitute unreasonably small capital after giving due consideration to the prevailing practice in the industry in which such Guarantor is engaged. In computing the amount of such contingent liabilities at any time, it is intended that such liabilities will be computed at the amount that, in the light of all the facts and circumstances existing at such time, represents the amount that can reasonably be expected to become an actual or matured liability.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">27. <U>Replacement Guarantors</U>. The death or incompetency of a Guarantor shall be an Event of Default hereunder (a &ldquo;<U>Specified EOD</U>&rdquo;) unless such Guarantor is replaced in accordance with this <U>Section 27</U>. In connection with the occurrence of a Specified EOD, Borrower shall be permitted to substitute a replacement guarantor and no &ldquo;Event of Default&rdquo; shall be deemed to have occurred hereunder as a result thereof, provided, that (a) no other Event of Default hereunder or under and as defined in the Loan Agreement has occurred and is then continuing and (b) each of the following terms and conditions are satisfied (i) within thirty (30) days after the occurrence of such death or incompetency, Borrower deliver Agent written notice of its intent to substitute the guarantor; (ii) the replacement guarantor is a Satisfactory Replacement Guarantor (as defined below); (iii) within fifteen (15) days after delivery of the written notice described in the preceding subclause (i), such Satisfactory Replacement Guarantor assumes the obligations of the replaced Guarantor hereunder and under the other Loan Documents in a manner reasonably acceptable to Agent; (iv) concurrently with such assumption, (A) such Replacement Guarantor delivers to Agent a Spousal Consent (as defined below), as and to the extent applicable and (B) Borrower and such Replacement Guarantor affirms each of their respective obligations under the Loan Documents in a manner reasonably acceptable to Agent; and (v) prior to or concurrently with such assumption, as applicable, Agent receives such information, documentation and opinions as may be required by Agent in connection with such assumption and the foregoing in order to be reasonably acceptable to Agent). As used herein, the term &ldquo;<U>Satisfactory Replacement Guarantor</U>&rdquo; shall mean a replacement guarantor that (1) is reasonably acceptable to Agent and (2) is an Affiliate of Borrower.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>[NO FURTHER TEXT ON THIS PAGE]</B></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>IN WITNESS WHEREOF</B>, the Guarantors have duly executed this Guaranty under as of the date first written above.</FONT></P>

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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>GUARANTORS</U>:</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VIVAVENTURES MANAGEMENT COMPANY, INC.</B>,<BR> a Nevada corporation</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VIVAVENTURES OIL SANDS, INC.,<BR> </B><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">a Utah corporation</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SILVER FUELS DELHI, LLC</B>,<BR> a Louisiana limited liability company</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 4%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 46%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: VIVAKOR ADMINISTRATION, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas limited liability company,<BR> its Manager</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>WHITE CLAW COLORADO CITY LLC,</B><BR> a Texas limited liability company</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 4%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 46%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: VIVAKOR ADMINISTRATION, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas limited liability company,<BR> its Manager</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VIVAVENTURES REMEDIATION CORPORATION</B>,<BR> a Texas corporation</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VIVAVENTURES ENERGY GROUP, INC.,<BR> </B><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">a Nevada corporation</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>ENDEAVOR CRUDE, LLC,<BR> </B><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">a Texas limited liability</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 4%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 46%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: VIVAKOR ADMINISTRATION, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas limited liability company,<BR> its Manager</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>MERIDIAN EQUIPMENT LEASING LLC</B>,<BR> <FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">a Texas limited liability company,</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 4%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 46%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: VIVAKOR ADMINISTRATION, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas limited liability company,<BR> its Manager</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 46%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: VIVAKOR ADMINISTRATION, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas limited liability company,<BR> its Manager</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Ballengee</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TYPE>EX-10.4
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<FILENAME>vivakorinc_ex10-4.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 10.4
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 10.4</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>EXHIBIT C-3</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Guarantor Security Agreement</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal">SECURITY AGREEMENT</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal">(Guarantors)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of October 31, 2024 (this &ldquo;<U>Agreement</U>&rdquo;), among Cedarview Capital Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the &ldquo;<U>Agent</U>&rdquo; and the &ldquo;<U>Secured Party</U>&rdquo;) on behalf of the Lenders under the Loan Agreement (defined below), Vivakor, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the &ldquo;<U>Borrower</U>&rdquo;), VivaVentures Management Company, Inc., a Nevada corporation, VivaVentures Oil Sands, Inc., a Utah corporation, Silver Fuels Delhi, LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company, White Claw Colorado City LLC, a Texas limited liability company, VivaVentures Remediation Corporation, a Texas corporation, VivaVentures Energy Group, Inc., a Nevada corporation, Endeavor Crude, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, Meridian Equipment Leasing LLC, a Texas limited liability company and Silver Fuels Processing LLC, a Texas limited liability company (each a &ldquo;<U>Guarantor</U>&rdquo; and a &ldquo;<U>Debtor</U>&rdquo; and collectively the &ldquo;<U>Guarantors</U>&rdquo; and the &ldquo;<U>Debtors</U>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">WITNESSETH:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">WHEREAS, the Borrower has entered into that certain Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (as it may hereafter be modified, supplemented, extended, or renewed and in effect from time to time, the &ldquo;<U>Loan Agreement</U>&rdquo;) by and among the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Agent and the other Lenders party thereto;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">WHEREAS, it is a condition to the obligations of the Secured Party and the Lenders under the Loan Agreement that this Agreement be duly executed and delivered;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">WHEREAS, each Debtor and Secured Party wish to enter into this Agreement in order to secure the obligations of the Debtor under the Loan Documents (such obligations, together with any obligations of the Debtor under this Agreement, the &ldquo;<U>Secured Obligations</U>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XXIII. Definitions. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings provided therefor in the Loan Agreement. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XXIV. Security Interest. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 24.1. Each Debtor hereby grants to Secured Party on behalf of the Lenders, as security for the Secured Obligations, a continuing security interest in, lien on and right of set-off against all right, title and interest in, to and under, all of the property and assets currently owned or owing to, or hereafter acquired or arising in favor of such Debtor (unless excepted in the Side Letter, as defined in the Loan Agreement), wherever located, including, but not limited to, all of such Debtor&rsquo;s present and after-acquired (unless excepted in the Side Letter, as defined in the Loan Agreement), personal property, including, but not limited to, all accounts, deposit accounts, chattel paper, instruments, documents, securities, contract rights, rights to payment of money, receivables, equipment, goods, inventory, investment property, goodwill, general intangibles, intellectual property, patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications, trade names, copyrights, copyright applications, Internet domain names, service marks, trade secrets, know-how, technology, software, hardware, commercial tort claims, furniture, fixtures, warranties and guarantees, as any of the foregoing terms may be defined in the Utah Uniform Commercial Code (the &ldquo;<U>UCC</U>&rdquo;), and including any products, proceeds (including insurance proceeds) or income derived therefrom, whether by disposition or otherwise, and the products, proceeds and accessions of any of the foregoing (the &ldquo;<U>Additional Collateral</U>&rdquo;). </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 24.2. Each Debtor hereby pledges to Secured Party on behalf of the Lenders, as security for the Secured Obligations, representing a continuing security interest in, lien on and right of set-off against, the deposit accounts held or controlled by such Debtor described in <U>Schedule&nbsp;I</U> hereto, and the products, proceeds and accessions thereof (the &ldquo;<U>Deposit Accounts</U>&rdquo;, together with the Additional Collateral, the &ldquo;<U>Collateral</U>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 24.3. This Agreement secures the payment of all obligations of each Debtor now or hereafter existing under and in connection with the Loan Documents and all Secured Obligations now or hereafter existing under this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, this Agreement additionally secures the payment of all amounts which constitute part of the Secured Obligations and would be owed by each Debtor to the Secured Party and Lenders under and in connection with the Loan Documents but for the fact that they are unenforceable or not allowable due to the existence of a bankruptcy, reorganization or similar proceeding involving any Debtor.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE XXV. Delivery of Collateral. Each Debtor agrees that all property comprising part of the Collateral shall be accompanied by proper instruments of assignment duly executed by such Debtor, and by any such other instruments or documents as Secured Party may request. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that the Secured Party shall file UCC financing statements with the applicable Secretary of State for the Collateral in order to perfect the security interests granted herein.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE XXVI. Representations and Agreements of the Debtor. Each Debtor represents and agrees that:Except for (i) the security interest granted hereby, (ii) any restriction on transfer under the federal, state or provincial securities laws and, (iii) any liens or security interests permitted by the Loan Agreement (collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Permitted Encumbrances</U>&rdquo;), such Debtor is and will continue to be (or, in the case of after-acquired Collateral, at the time such Debtor acquires rights in such Collateral), the owner and holder of the Collateral, free from any adverse claim, security interest, encumbrance, lien, charge, or other right, title or interest of any person. Each Debtor agrees that at all times the Collateral will be and remain free of all such adverse claims, security interests, or other liens or encumbrances, other than any Permitted Encumbrance. Each Debtor will defend the Collateral against all claims and demands (other than any Permitted Encumbrance) of all persons at any time claiming the same or any interest therein. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 26.1. Upon the filing of financing statements relating to the Collateral with the applicable Secretary of State of the State (with respect to each Debtor), Secured Party will have a valid and perfected security interest in the Collateral (to the extent a security interest therein may be perfected by the filing of a financing statement).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 26.2. Except for any financing statements related to any Permitted Encumbrance, each Debtor has not heretofore signed any financing statement or security agreement which covers any of the Collateral, and no such financing statement or security agreement is now on file in any public office. Each Debtor will not enter into or execute any security agreement or any financing statement covering the Collateral, other than those security agreements and financing statements in favor of Secured Party hereunder, and each Debtor agrees that there will not be on file in any public office any financing statement or statements (or any documents or papers filed as such) covering the Collateral, other than financing statements in favor of Secured Party hereunder or related to a Permitted Encumbrance, unless in any case the prior written consent of Secured Party shall have been obtained. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 26.3. Each Debtor has full legal capacity and lawful authority to enter into this Agreement and to grant to Secured Party the security interest in the Collateral as herein provided and all corporate or other action on the part of such Debtor requisite for the due execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement has been duly and effectively taken.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 26.4. The execution, delivery and performance hereof are not in contravention of any agreement or undertaking to which each Debtor is a party or by which such Debtor, or its property, is bound and will not result in the imposition of any security interest or lien on any other property of such Debtor.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 26.5. Each Debtor&rsquo;s exact legal name is as set forth in on <U>Schedule II</U> attached hereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 26.6. The state or jurisdiction of incorporation, formation, organization or primary residence as applicable, of each Debtor is as set forth on <U>Schedule II</U> attached hereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 26.7. each Debtor&rsquo;s chief executive office or primary residence is as set forth on <U>Schedule II</U> attached hereto. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE XXVII. Rights of Secured Party and each Debtor Related to Collateral. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 27.1. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Secured Party may from time to time following the occurrence of an Event of Default, but subject to the terms herein:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a) transfer any of the Collateral into the name of the Secured Party or its nominee;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b) notify parties obligated on any of the Collateral to make payment to Secured Party of any amounts due or to become due thereunder;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c) enforce collection of any of the Collateral by suit or otherwise; surrender, release or exchange all or any part thereof, or compromise or extend or renew for any period (whether or not longer than the original period) any obligation of any nature of any party with respect thereto; and exercise all other rights of each Debtor in any of the Collateral (including, without limitation, the right to vote or exercise other consensual interests in the Collateral); and/or</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d) take possession or control of any proceeds of the Collateral.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 27.2. So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, each Debtor shall have the right to receive all income from or interest on the Collateral, as applicable, other than any such income or interest which would be prohibited by the Loan Agreement (such income or interest distributed by way of a dividend or otherwise shall be promptly delivered to Secured Party to be held as additional Collateral hereunder (such delivery to be in the manner contemplated by <U>Section 3</U> above)). Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, if a Debtor receives any income or interest on the Collateral, as applicable, the same shall be held by such Debtor in trust for Secured Party in the same medium in which received, shall not be commingled with any assets of such Debtor and shall be delivered to Secured Party in the form received, properly endorsed to permit collection, not later than the second Business Day following the day of its receipt. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 27.3. In the event the Secured Party shall pay any taxes, assessments, interests, costs, penalties or expenses incident to or in connection with the collection of the Collateral or protection or enforcement of the Collateral or any security therefor, each Debtor, upon demand of Secured Party, shall pay to Secured Party the full amount thereof with interest thereon from the date demanded by Secured Party until repaid at a rate per annum (based on a 360-day year for the actual number of days involved) equal to fifteen percent (15%).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE XXVIII. Further Assurances; Secured Party as Agent. Each Debtor agrees to take such actions and to execute such writings as Secured Party may request (and irrevocably authorizes Secured Party to execute such writings as such Debtor&rsquo;s agent and attorney-in-fact) to create, preserve, perfect or validate Secured Party&rsquo;s security interest in the Collateral, or to enable Secured Party to exercise or enforce its rights under this Agreement with respect to the Collateral, including (without limitation) the right to receive, indorse and collect all instruments made payable to such Debtor in respect of the Collateral or any part thereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE XXIX. Events of Default. The occurrence of any Event of Default pursuant to any of the Loan Documents or a breach by any Debtor of the Secured Obligations, shall constitute an &ldquo;Event of Default&rdquo; hereunder. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE XXX. Rights and Remedies of Secured Party Upon Default. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 30.1. Upon the occurrence and continuance of an Event of Default, and to the extent permitted by the UCC and other applicable law:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a) Secured Party shall have and may exercise with reference to the Collateral and the Secured Obligations any or all of the rights and remedies of a secured party under the UCC, and as otherwise granted herein or under any other applicable law or any other agreement now or hereafter in effect executed by the Debtors, including, without limitation, the right and power to sell, at public or private sale or sales, or otherwise dispose of, or otherwise utilize the Collateral and any part or parts thereof in any manner authorized or permitted under the UCC or any other applicable law after default by a debtor, and to apply the proceeds in accordance with <U>Section 9</U> hereof. Without limiting the foregoing, Secured Party shall have the right to take possession of all or any part of the Collateral and of all books, records, papers and documents of any Debtor or in the possession of any Debtor or control relating to the Collateral which are not already in Secured Party&rsquo;s possession. In addition, if permitted by applicable law, Secured Party will be entitled to appoint any Person as receiver or receiver and manager (a &ldquo;<U>Receiver</U>&rdquo;) of all or any part of the Collateral in which any Debtor has an interest, and any Receiver so appointed will have all the rights and remedies of Secured Party (except the right to appoint a Receiver). To the extent permitted by law, each Debtor expressly waives any notice of sale or other disposition of the Collateral and all other rights or remedies of such Debtor or formalities prescribed by law relative to sale or disposition of the Collateral or exercise of any other right or remedy of Secured Party existing after default hereunder; and to the extent any such notice is required and cannot be waived, each Debtor agrees that if such notice is given in the manner provided in <U>Section 13</U> hereof at least five (5) days before the time of the sale or disposition, such notice shall be deemed reasonable and shall fully satisfy any requirement for giving of said notice. Secured Party shall not be obligated to make any sale of Collateral regardless of notice of sale having been given. Secured Party may adjourn any public or private sale.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b) All rights to marshalling of assets of each Debtor, including any such right with respect to the Collateral are hereby waived by such Debtor.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 1in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c) All recitals in any instrument of assignment or any other instrument executed by Secured Party incident to sale, lease, transfer, assignment or other disposition, lease or utilization of the Collateral or any part thereof under this <U>Section&nbsp;8(a)</U> shall be full proof of the matters stated therein and no other proof shall be requisite to establish full legal propriety of the sale or other action taken by Secured Party or of any fact, condition or thing incident thereto and all prerequisites of such sale or other action or of any fact, condition or thing incident thereto shall be presumed conclusively to have been performed or to have occurred.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 30.2. EACH DEBTOR HEREBY IRREVOCABLY CONSTITUTES AND APPOINTS SECURED PARTY AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT OF SUCH DEBTOR WITH RESPECT TO THE COLLATERAL SOLELY DURING THE CONTINUANCE OF AN EVENT OF DEFAULT, GIVING THE SECURED PARTY (I) THE RIGHT TO TRANSFER AND REGISTER IN ITS NAME OR IN THE NAME OF ITS NOMINEE THE WHOLE OR ANY PART OF THE COLLATERAL, (II) THE RIGHT TO RECEIVE AND COLLECT ANY PAYMENT IN RESPECT OF OR IN EXCHANGE FOR THE COLLATERAL OR ANY PORTION THEREOF, TO GIVE FULL DISCHARGE FOR THE SAME AND TO INDORSE ANY INSTRUMENT MADE PAYABLE TO SUCH DEBTOR FOR SAME, (III) THE RIGHT TO EXERCISE ALL OTHER RIGHTS, POWERS, PRIVILEGES AND REMEDIES TO WHICH A HOLDER OF THE COLLATERAL WOULD BE ENTITLED, AND (IV) THE RIGHT TO TAKE ANY ACTION AND TO EXECUTE ANY INSTRUMENT WHICH AGENT MAY DEEM NECESSARY OR ADVISABLE TO ACCOMPLISH THE PURPOSES OF THIS AGREEMENT. THE APPOINTMENT OF SECURED PARTY AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT IS COUPLED WITH AN INTEREST AND SHALL BE IRREVOCABLE UNTIL THE TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 30.3. Secured Party shall never be under any obligation to collect, attempt to collect, protect or enforce the Collateral, which such Debtor agrees and undertakes to do at its expense, but Secured Party may do so in its discretion at any time after the occurrence of an Event of Default. All expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys&rsquo; fees and expenses) incurred or paid by Secured Party in connection with or incident to any such collection or attempt to collect the Collateral or actions to protect or enforce the Collateral shall be borne by the Debtor or reimbursed by the Debtor to Secured Party upon demand. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECTION 30.4. The Secured Party will act in good faith and in a commercially reasonable manner in the exercise of any of its rights and remedies hereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE XXXI. Application of Proceeds. In the event Secured Party sells or otherwise disposes of the Collateral in the course of exercising the remedies provided for in this Agreement, any amounts held, realized or received by Secured Party pursuant to the provisions hereof, including the proceeds of the sale of any of the Collateral or any part thereof, shall be applied by Secured Party first toward the payment of any costs and expenses incurred by Secured Party in enforcing this Agreement, in realizing on or protecting any Collateral and in enforcing or collecting any Secured Obligations or any guaranty thereof, including, without limitation, the actual attorneys&rsquo; fees and expenses incurred by Secured Party, all of which costs and expenses the Debtor agrees to pay, and then to such other Secured Obligations in such order as Secured Party may elect. Any amounts and any Collateral remaining after such application and after payment to Secured Party of satisfaction of all of the Secured Obligations in full shall be paid or delivered to the Debtor, its successor or assigns, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may direct.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE XXXII.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE XXXIII.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE XXXIV.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XXXV.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XXXVI. Care of Collateral. Secured Party shall be deemed to have exercised reasonable care in the custody and preservation of the
Collateral in its possession if the Collateral is accorded treatment substantially equal to that which Secured Party accords its own
property, it being understood that Secured Party shall not have any responsibility for (i) ascertaining or taking action with
respect to calls, conversions, exchanges, maturities, tenders or other matters relative to any Collateral, whether or not Secured
Party has or is deemed to have knowledge of such matters, or (ii) taking any necessary steps to preserve rights against any parties
with respect to any Collateral. Prior to an Event of Default, Secured Party agrees to follow the Debtors&rsquo; reasonable
instructions in connection with any action with respect to the Collateral, provided that such action is not prohibited hereby and
such action would not impair the value or liquidity of the Collateral (or the relationship between the Collateral and the Secured
Obligations).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XXXVII. Termination. This Agreement and the security interest created hereunder shall terminate upon such date on which all the
Secured Obligations have been paid in full. Upon termination hereof, Secured Party shall execute and deliver (and file all
instruments, terminations, and certificates) to each Debtor all documents which such Debtor shall reasonably request to evidence
termination of such security interest and shall return physical possession of any Collateral then held by Secured Party to such
Debtor; provided, however, that all indemnities of each Debtor contained in this Agreement shall survive, and remain in full force
and effect regardless of the termination of the security interest or this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement
and the security interest granted hereunder shall be reinstated if at any time any payment or delivery pursuant to an Obligation, in
whole or in part, is rescinded or must otherwise be returned by Secured Party under the application of the Bankruptcy Code or any
other Debtor Law, all as though such payment or delivery had not been made.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE XXXVIII. Additional Information.
Each Debtor agrees to furnish Secured Party from time to time with such additional information and copies of such documents relating
to this Agreement and the Collateral, as Secured Party may reasonably request.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XXXIX. Notices. Any communication, notice or demand to be given hereunder shall be given in accordance with the Loan
Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XL. Indemnity and Expenses. Each Debtor agrees to indemnify Secured Party from and against any and all claims, losses and
liabilities growing out of or resulting from this Agreement (including, without limitation, enforcement of any rights under this
Agreement, and any claims or demands of any persons at any time claiming the Collateral or any interest therein), except claims,
losses or liabilities resulting from Secured Party&rsquo;s gross negligence or willful misconduct. Each Debtor agrees to pay on
demand all out-of-pocket expenses (including the reasonable fees and expenses of Secured Party&rsquo;s legal counsel, experts and
agents) in any way relating to the monitoring, administration, enforcement or protection of the rights of Secured Party hereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XLI. No Waiver; Cumulative Rights. No failure on the part of Secured Party to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right,
remedy or power hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise by Secured Party of any right,
remedy or power hereunder preclude any other or future exercise of any other right, remedy or power. Each and every right, remedy
and power hereby granted to Secured Party or allowed it by law or other agreement shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any
other, and may be exercised by Secured Party from time to time.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XLII. Applicable Law. Except to the extent that the laws of a particular province provide that its laws apply to the validity of
security interests in particular collateral, this Agreement and the rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall be
governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Utah applicable to contracts made and to be performed
entirely within such state without regards to the conflict of laws principles thereof other than mandatory provisions of
law.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE
XLIII. Assignment; Binding Effect; Benefit. The rights and obligations of the parties under this Agreement are not assignable
without the prior written consent of the other parties, except that Secured Party may assign all or any of its rights and benefits
hereunder, and may delegate all or any of its obligations or liabilities (whether by assignment, merger, liquidation or otherwise),
and upon any such assignment, Secured Party&rsquo;s rights, benefits, obligations and liabilities shall automatically cease. Subject
to the immediately preceding sentence, this Agreement will be binding upon, inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the
parties and their respective successors and assigns. Nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, is intended to confer on any
person other than the parties and their respective successors and assigns, any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or
by reason of this Agreement.<SUP>1</SUP></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE XLIV. Third Party Rights. Any obligations or rights of any Debtor or the Secured Party of any nature under the terms of this Agreement will not be construed to confer any right or benefit upon any unrelated third-party (individual or entity) that is not party to this Agreement, including, without limitation, any third-party creditor of any Debtor or the Secured Party.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE XLV. Execution in Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">[<FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps">remainder of page intentionally blank</FONT>]</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0in"></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><SUP>1</SUP>&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>NTD</I></B>&mdash;Fix
    section formatting prior to execution.</FONT></TD> </TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first above written.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SECURED PARTY</B>:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><B>CEDARVIEW CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC</B>,</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">a Delaware limited liability company</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Burton Weinstein</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Manager</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">[Signature Page(s) to Security Agreement &ndash; Guarantors of Vivakor, Inc.]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first above written.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>DEBTORS</B>:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">
        <P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><B>VIVAVENTURES MANAGEMENT COMPANY, INC.</B>,</P>
        <P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">a Nevada corporation</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">James Ballengee</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VIVAVENTURES OIL SANDS, INC.,</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">a Utah corporation</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">James Ballengee</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SILVER FUELS DELHI, LLC,</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">a Louisiana limited liability company</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: VIVAKOR ADMINISTRATION, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas limited liability company,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left">its Manager</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">James Ballengee</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>WHITE CLAW COLORADO CITY LLC</B>,</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas limited liability company</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: VIVAKOR ADMINISTRATION, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas limited liability company,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left">its Manager</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">James Ballengee</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">[Signature Page(s) to Security Agreement &ndash; Guarantors of Vivakor, Inc.]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VIVAVENTURES REMEDIATION CORPORATION,</B></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas corporation</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left; width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">James Ballengee</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><B>VIVAVENTURES ENERGY GROUP, INC.,</B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Nevada corporation</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">James Ballengee</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><B>ENDEAVOR CRUDE, LLC,</B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">a Texas limited liability</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: VIVAKOR ADMINISTRATION, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas limited liability company,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">its Manager</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">James Ballengee</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><B>MERIDIAN EQUIPMENT LEASING LLC</B>,</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">a Texas limited liability company</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: VIVAKOR ADMINISTRATION, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a Texas limited liability company,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">its Manager</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">James Ballengee</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">[Signature Page(s) to Security Agreement &ndash; Guarantors of Vivakor, Inc.]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><B>SILVER FUELS PROCESSING LLC,</B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">a Texas limited liability company</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: VIVAKOR ADMINISTRATION, LLC,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left">a Texas limited liability company,</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">its Manager</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">James Ballengee</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Chairman, President, &amp; CEO</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">[Signature Page(s) to Security Agreement &ndash; Guarantors of Vivakor, Inc.]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>SCHEDULE I</U></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="3" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 25%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Guarantor</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 25%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Name
    of Bank</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 25%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Type
    of Account</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 25%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Account
    Numbers</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">RPC Design &amp; Manufacturing LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">US Bank</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Checking</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">157529257543</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">US Bank</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Checking</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">157529257535</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivakor, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Business First Bank</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Checking</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">80030345322</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivaventures Remediation Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Business First Bank</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Checking</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">80030365560</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">White Claw Colorado City LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Business First Bank</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Checking</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">80030219221</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Silver Fuels Delhi, LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Business First Bank</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Checking</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">80030064159</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Endeavor Crude, LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Meridian Equipment Leasing LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Silver Fuels Processing LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>SCHEDULE II</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">DEBTOR INFORMATION</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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    Legal Name</B></FONT></TD>
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    State of Formation <BR> or State of Primary Residence</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 33%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Debtor&rsquo;s
    Chief Executive Office <BR> or Primary Residence</B></FONT></TD></TR>
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        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, Texas 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5220 Spring Valley, Suite 500</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, Texas 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Silver Fuels Delhi, LLC</FONT></TD>
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        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, Texas 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, Texas 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vivaventures Remediation Corporation</FONT></TD>
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        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5220 Spring Valley, Suite 500</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, Texas 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, Texas 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Endeavor Crude, LLC</FONT></TD>
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    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5220 Spring Valley, Suite 500</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, Texas 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Meridian Equipment Leasing LLC</FONT></TD>
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    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5220 Spring Valley, Suite 500</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, Texas 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dallas, Texas 75254</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Event Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period Start Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="dei_Extension" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>vivk-20241105_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EXCEL
<SEQUENCE>11
<FILENAME>Financial_Report.xlsx
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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// Edgar(tm) Renderer was created by staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.  Data and content created by government employees within the scope of their employment are not subject to domestic copyright protection. 17 U.S.C. 105.
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<FILENAME>report.css
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/* Updated 2009-11-04 */
/* v2.2.0.24 */

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..report table.authRefData .hide a:hover {
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<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46360347136208">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Nov. 05, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K/A<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentDescription', window );">Amendment Description</a></td>
<td class="text">On November 7, 2024, Vivakor, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;)
filed a Current Report on Form 8-K (&#8220;Original Form 8-K&#8221;) regarding the funding of a loan under a Loan and Security Agreement
with Cedarview Opportunities Master Fund LP, as the lender (the &#8220;Lender&#8221;); and Cedarview Capital Management, LLC, as the
agent (the &#8220;Agent&#8221;) dated October 31, 2024 (the &#8220;Loan Agreement&#8221;). The Company is filing this First Amended Form
8-K/A to correct certain errors in the Original Form 8-K, primarily: (i) since the first loan amounts were actually funded by the Lender
on November 5, 2024, this date was the trigger date for the Form 8-K as it is when the Company first became materially obligated under
the Loan Agreement, (ii) change &#8220;Closing Date&#8221; to &#8220;Funding Dates&#8221; for the dates the funds were received from
the Lender, (iii) file certain exhibits to the Loan Agreement as separate exhibits, and (iv) correct certain errors in the Original Form
8-K.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Nov.  05,  2024<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-41286<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">VIVAKOR, INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001450704<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">26-2178141<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">NV<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">5220 Spring Valley Road<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">Suite 500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Dallas<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">TX<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">75254<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(949)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">281-2606<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">VIVK<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod', window );">Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of changes contained within amended document.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if an emerging growth company has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 7A<br> -Section B<br> -Subsection 2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14a<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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