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ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF BUSINESS | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Notes to Financial Statements |
NOTE 1 - ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF BUSINESS | Cosmos Holdings, Inc. (“us,” “we,” or the “Company”) is an international pharmaceutical wholesaler. The Company imports, exports and distributes pharmaceutical products of brand-name and generic pharmaceuticals, over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, a variety of vitamins, and dietary supplements. Currently, the Company distributes products mainly in the European Union (“EU”) countries via its three wholly owned subsidiaries Skypharm SA, Decahedron Ltd. and Cosmfarm Ltd. SkyPharm and Cosmofarm operates from facilities in Greece and Decahedron from its facilities in the UK. Most of our business derives from purchasing and reselling branded pharmaceutical products. Within the EU, large pharmaceutical manufacturers have variable pricing strategies. The varying prices allows us to source products produced by multi-national pharmaceutical companies in different countries throughout Europe and export them into countries that pay more for those products. The European pharmaceutical import/export market helps reduce prescription drugs costs. We are currently focusing our existing operations on expanding the business of SkyPharm, Decahedron and Cosmofarm. The Company’s focus is on branded pharmaceuticals, OTC medicines, and generic pharmaceuticals. However, the Company has also begun to expand into the food supplements industry and has already created its own line of vitamins and food supplement products. The Company plans to also expand its operations into the cosmetic/beauty industry. Through the sale of pharmaceutical products, the Company has created a wide network of pharmaceutical wholesalers and pharmacies that we believe we can utilize to promote and sell our vitamins, food supplements and cosmetic/beauty products. There is growing demand for various food supplements and other cosmetic and beauty products and we plan to serve this demand by offering quality products to our existing network of wholesalers and pharmacies. Pharmacies are still the key channels for distribution and sales of food supplements in the European market. In addition, we plan to expand into the full-line wholesale distribution business through acquisitions. Full-line pharmaceutical wholesalers provide the local markets with branded pharmaceuticals, generic pharmaceuticals, OTC medicines, vitamins, and food supplements. By expanding our pharmaceutical distribution business, we will have the ability to source branded and generic products directly from manufacturers and sell vitamins, food supplements, and cosmetic products directly to pharmacies that the full-line wholesaler currently sells to. We expect this expansion to increase our sales and profit margins as we vertically integrate into the supply chain. Concerning our vitamins and food supplement division, we have expanded our business in developing our own brand of vitamins and food supplements. The brand name of our product line is Sky Life Premium. We will bring these products to market though the network of wholesalers and pharmacies that we currently work with. Our current business has provided us with access to wholesalers both from the sourcing and the sales division of our wholesale business. We intend to sell our products to vendors that supply us with pharmaceutical products as well as to our clients that we currently sell pharmaceutical products to. We are also closely monitoring the legal framework for prescription and non-prescription derivates of cannabis products as it develops in Europe. As the legal framework and processes are developed and implemented in each respective EU country, we will utilize our existing network to distribute both prescription and non-prescription derivates of cannabis products to our current customer base. We currently intend to only distribute prescription and non-prescription derivates of cannabis products to approved EU countries and not in the US. We regularly evaluate acquisition targets that would allow us to expand our distribution reach and/or vertically integrate into the supply chain of the products that we currently distribute. We believe that the demand for reasonably-priced medicines, delivered on time and in the highest quality is set to increase in the years to come, as the population’s life expectancy increases. With our product portfolio of patented and non-patented medicines, we contribute to the optimization of efficient medicinal care, and thereby lowering cost for health insurance funds, companies, and patients. We also believe that the demand for non-prescription wellness products such as food and dietary supplements will continue to increase as individuals are increasingly supplementing their nutritional intake. We believe the EU pharmaceutical import/export market will continue to grow. We continue to encounter competition in the market as we grow. The competition comes in the form of level of service, reliability, and product quality. On the procurement side we continue to expand our vendor base. In order to minimize business risks, we diversify our sources of supply. We maintain our high-quality standards by carefully selecting and qualifying our suppliers as well as actively ensuring that our suppliers meet our standard of quality control on an ongoing basis. As of July 22, 2015, the Hellenic Ministry of Health and more specifically the National Organization for Medicines granted to SkyPharm a license for the wholesale of pharmaceutical products for human use. The license is valid for a period of five years and pursuant to the EU directive of (2013/C343/02). SkyPharm is subject to the Guidelines of the Good Distribution Practices of the European Union (the “Good Distribution Practices”) for the sale and distribution of medical products for human use. SkyPharm believes it has properly incorporated all the methodologies, procedures, processes and resources in order to be in accordance with the guidelines of the Good Distribution Practices. Our warehouse has been equipped with the proper equipment, specifically with the proper shelves, working tables, medicines, cold fridge and barcode machines to comply with all requirements. In addition, our headquarters have also been equipped with the proper office equipment, specifically with the bureau tables, chairs and the terminals for each one working station, as well as central hardware systems (Servers) and software programs (ERP & CRM platforms) that are essential for the efficient running of the business are already installed and in place. The Company commenced sales of pharmaceutical products in the beginning of November 2015. Decahedron received its Wholesale Distribution Authorization for human use on November 7, 2013, from the UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) in accordance with Regulation 18 of the Human Medicines Regulations 2012 (SI 2012/1916) and it is subject to the provision of those Regulations and the Medicines Act 1971. This license will continue to remain in force from the date of issue by the Licensing Authority unless cancelled, suspended, revoked or varied as to the period of its validity or relinquished by the authorization holder. Corporate History and Structure Cosmos Holdings, Inc. was incorporated in the State of Nevada under the name Prime Estates and Developments, Inc. on July 21, 2009. On November 14, 2013, we changed our name to Cosmos Holdings Inc. On September 27, 2013, the Company, closed a reverse take-over transaction by which it acquired a private company whose principal activities are the trading of products, providing representation, and provision of consulting services to various sectors. Pursuant to a Share Exchange Agreement between the Registrant and Amplerissimo Ltd, a company incorporated in Cyprus (“Amplerissimo”), the Company acquired 100% of Amplerissimo’s issued and outstanding common stock. As a result of the reverse take-over transaction, Amplerissimo became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. On August 1, 2014, the Company, through its Cypriot subsidiary Amplerissimo, formed SkyPharm S.A., a Greek corporation (“SkyPharm”), a subsidiary that focuses on the trading, sourcing and distribution of pharmaceutical products. In February 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of Decahedron Ltd, a UK corporation (“Decahedron”) consummating the transactions contemplated by the Stock Purchase Agreement, dated November 17, 2016 as amended (the “Decahedron SPA”). Pursuant to the terms of the Decahedron SPA, the shareholders of Decahedron received an aggregate of 170,000 shares of common stock of the Company (the “Stock Consideration”), which were delivered following the closing in exchange for all of the ordinary shares of Decahedron for the stock consideration. Decahedron is a fully licensed wholesaler of pharmaceutical products and its primary activity is the distribution, import and export of pharmaceuticals. In accordance with the terms of the SPA, the principal and majority shareholder of Decahedron, Nicholas Lazarou, remained as a director and officer of Decahedron. On November 21, 2017, the Company effected a one-for-ten (1:10) reverse stock split whereby the Company decreased, by a ratio of one-for-ten (1:10) the number of issued and outstanding shares of common stock. Proportional adjustments for the reverse stock split were made to the Company’s outstanding stock options, and warrants including all share and per-share data, for all amounts and periods presented in the consolidated financial statements. On September 29, 2018, Amplerissimo transferred its remaining 22% investment in SkyPharm to the Company. The Company now holds 100% of the capital of SkyPharm and SkyPharm remains a 100% wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. On September 30, 2018, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement “SPA” with an unaffiliated third party. The Company sold 100% of the issued capital of its subsidiary, Amplerissimo. On December 19, 2018, the Company completed the purchase of all of the capital stock of Cosmofarm Ltd., a pharmaceutical wholesaler based in Athens, Greece. The principal of the selling shareholder is Panagiotis Kozaris, who remained with Cosmofarm as a director and chief operating officer once it became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Grigorios Siokas, the Company’s CEO, became the new CEO of Cosmofarm. Mr. Kozaris had no prior relationship to the Company other than as an independent shareholder. The purchase price payable is €200,000 evidenced by a promissory note. The Company had $37,083,882 in total revenues and expended $34,675,242 for the year ended December 31, 2018, in connection with these operations. Going Concern The Company's consolidated financial statements are prepared using U.S. GAAP applicable to a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company generated a net loss of $9,060,658 for the year ended December 31, 2018 and has a working capital deficit of $3,927,074 and an accumulated deficit of $16,272,645 as of December 31, 2018. These conditions raise substantial doubt of the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company has not yet established an adequate ongoing source of revenues sufficient to cover its operating costs and to allow it to continue as a going concern. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent on the Company obtaining adequate capital to fund operating losses until it becomes profitable. If the Company is unable to obtain adequate capital, it could be forced to cease development of operations. In order to continue as a going concern, develop a reliable source of revenues, and achieve a profitable level of operations the Company will need, among other things, additional capital resources. Management's plans to continue as a going concern include raising additional capital through increased sales of product and by sale of common shares. However, management cannot provide any assurances that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its plans. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully accomplish the plans described in the preceding paragraph and eventually secure other sources of financing and attain profitable operations. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Financial Statement Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Principles of Consolidation Our consolidated accounts include our accounts and the accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, SkyPharm S.A., Decahedron Ltd. and Cosmofarm Ltd. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Cash and Cash Equivalents For purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, there were no cash equivalents. The Company maintains bank accounts in the United States denominated in U.S. Dollars and in the Republic of Cyprus, in Greece and in Bulgaria all of which are denominated in Euros. Additionally, the Company maintains a bank account in the United Kingdom denominated in British Pounds. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the amounts in these accounts were $242,903, $203,806 (the Euro equivalent of which was €177,903) and $119,357 (the British Pound equivalent of which was £93,872). At December 31, 2017, the amounts in these accounts were $65,613, $398,841 (the Euro equivalent of which was €331,759) and $27,542 (the British Pound equivalent of which was £20,358). Additionally, for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company had cash on hand in the amount of $166,350 and $290,857, respectively. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are stated at their net realizable value. The allowance for doubtful accounts against gross accounts receivable reflects the best estimate of probable losses inherent in the receivables portfolio determined on the basis of historical experience, specific allowances for known troubled accounts and other currently available information. At December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company's allowance for doubtful accounts was $540,048 and $0, respectively. Tax Receivables The Company pays Value Added Tax (“VAT”) or similar taxes (“input VAT”), income taxes, and other taxes within the normal course of its business in most of the countries in which it operates related to the procurement of merchandise and/or services it acquires and/or on sales and taxable income. The Company also collects VAT or similar taxes on behalf of the government (“output VAT”) for merchandise and/or services it sells. If the output VAT exceeds the input VAT, this creates a VAT payable to the government. If the input VAT exceeds the output VAT, this creates a VAT receivable from the government. The VAT tax return is filed on a monthly basis offsetting the payables against the receivables. In observance of EU regulations for intra-EU cross-border sales, our subsidiaries in Greece, SkyPharm and Cosmofarm, do not charge VAT for sales to wholesale drug distributors registered in other European Union member states. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company had a VAT net receivable balance of $729,790 and $961,220 respectively, recorded in the consolidated balance sheet as other assets. Inventory Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the weighted average cost method. Inventory consists primarily of finished goods and packaging materials, i.e. packaged pharmaceutical products and the wrappers and containers they are sold in. A periodic inventory system is maintained by 100% count. Inventory is replaced periodically to maintain the optimum stock on hand available for immediate shipment. The Company writes-down inventories to net realizable value based on physical condition, expiration date, current market conditions, as well as forecasted demand. The Company’s inventories are not highly susceptible to obsolescence. Many of the Company’s inventory items are eligible for return to our suppliers when pre-agreed product requirements, including, but not limited to, physical condition and expiration date, are not met. Fixed Assets Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided on a straight-line basis over the useful lives (except for leasehold improvements which are depreciated over the lesser of the lease term or the useful life) of the assets as follows:
|  | Estimated Useful Life |
Leasehold improvements and technical works |  |  | 40 years |
Vehicles |  |  | 6-20 years |
Machinery |  |  | 20 years |
Furniture, fixtures and equipment |  |  | 5–10 years |
Computers and software |  |  | 3-5 years |
Depreciation expense was $34,623 and $17,370 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Intangible Assets Intangible assets with definite useful lives are recorded on the basis of cost and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The Company uses a useful life of 5 years for an import/export license. The Company evaluates the remaining useful life of intangible assets annually to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining amortization period. If the estimate of the intangible asset’s remaining useful life is changed, the remaining carrying amount of the intangible asset will be amortized prospectively over that revised remaining useful life. At December 31, 2018, no revision to the remaining amortization period of the intangible assets was made. Amortization expense was $9,307 and $8,533 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 360-10, long-lived assets, which include property and equipment and intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of long-lived assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the assets. Fair value is generally determined using the asset’s expected future discounted cash flows or market value, if readily determinable. Goodwill and Intangibles The Company periodically reviews the carrying value of intangible assets not subject to amortization, including goodwill, to determine whether impairment may exist. Goodwill and certain intangible assets are assessed annually, or when certain triggering events occur, for impairment using fair value measurement techniques. These events could include a significant change in the business climate, legal factors, a decline in operating performance, competition, sale or disposition of a significant portion of the business, or other factors. Specifically, goodwill impairment is determined using a two-step process. The first step of the goodwill impairment test is used to identify potential impairment by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. The Company uses level 3 inputs and a discounted cash flow methodology to estimate the fair value of a reporting unit. A discounted cash flow analysis requires one to make various judgmental assumptions including assumptions about future cash flows, growth rates, and discount rates. The assumptions about future cash flows and growth rates are based on the Company’s budget and long-term plans. Discount rate assumptions are based on an assessment of the risk inherent in the respective reporting units. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired and the second step of the impairment test is unnecessary. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step of the goodwill impairment test is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The second step of the goodwill impairment test compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination. That is, the fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit (including any unrecognized intangible assets) as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit was the purchase price paid to acquire the reporting unit. Prior to the acquisition of Decahedron, the Company had no recorded goodwill. As a result of the acquisition of Decahedron, the Company tested and impaired 100% of the goodwill allocated to the acquisition costs, an amount equal to $1,949,884 for the year ended December 31, 2017. On December 19, 2018 as a result of the acquisition of Cosmofarm, the Company recorded $49,697 of goodwill. The Company tested the goodwill acquired and determined that no impairment was required as of December 31, 2018. Equity Method Investment For those investments in common stock or in-substance common stock in which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the investee, the investment is accounted for under the equity method. The Company records its share in the earnings of the investee and is included in “Equity earnings of affiliate” in the consolidated statement of operations. The Company assesses its investment for other-than-temporary impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the investment might not be recoverable and recognizes an impairment loss to adjust the investment to its then current fair value. Investments in Equity Securities Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-01, and accordingly, investments in equity securities are accounted for at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in income from operations. Equity securities are classified as short-term or long-term based on the nature of the securities and their availability to meet current operating requirements. Equity securities that are readily available for use in current operations are reported as a component of current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Equity securities that are not considered available for use in current operations would be reported as a component of long-term assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. For equity securities with no readily determinable fair value, the Company elects a measurement alternative to fair value. Under this alternative, the Company measures the investments at cost, less any impairment, and adjusted for changes resulting from observable price changes in transactions for identical or similar investments of the investee. The election to use the measurement alternative is made for each eligible investment. Investments consisted of 40,000 shares which traded at a closing price of $5.27, or value of $210,790 of Diversa S.A. and 16,666 share which traded at a closing price of $0.13 or value of $2,100 of National Bank of Greece. Additionally, the Company has $4,470 in equity securities of Pancreta bank, which are not publicly traded and recorded at cost. See note 5 for additional investments in equity securities. Fair Value Measurement The Company applied FASB ASC 820-Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, or ASC 820, for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. ASC 820 establishes a common definition for fair value to be applied to existing generally accepted accounting principles that require the use of fair value measurements establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure about such fair value measurements. ASC 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Additionally, ASC 820 requires the use of valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. These inputs are prioritized below: Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active. Level 3: Unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore developed using estimates and assumptions developed by us, which reflect those that a market participant would use. The following table presents assets that are measured and recognized at fair value as of December 31, 2018, on a recurring basis:
|  | December 31, 2018 |  |  | Total Carrying |
|  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |  |  | Value |
Marketable securities – ICC International Cannabis Corp. |  | $ | 2,500,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  | $ | 2,500,000 |
Marketable securities – Divsersa S.A. |  |  | 210,790 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 210,790 |
Marketable securities – National Bank of Greece |  |  | 2,100 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,100 |
|  | $ | 2,712,890 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,712,890 |
The Company did not have any Level 2 or Level 3 assets or liabilities as of December 31, 2018. FASB ASC 825-10-25 Fair Value Option, or ASC 825-10-25, was effective for January 1, 2008. ASC 825-10-25 expands opportunities to use fair value measurements in financial reporting and permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The Company did not elect the fair value options for any of its qualifying financial instruments. Revenue Recognition The Company adopted the modified retrospective adoption in accordance with ASC 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers, on January 1, 2018. The new guidance introduces a five-step model for recognizing revenue by applying the following steps: (1) identify the contract with the customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) the performance obligations are satisfied by transferring the promised goods to the customer. Once these steps are met, revenue is recognized upon delivery of the product. Adoption of ASC 606 has not changed the timing and nature of the Company’s revenue recognition and there has been no material effect on the Company’s financial statements. Stock-based Compensation The Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC section 718, "Stock Compensation" and Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 107 (SAB 107) issued by the SEC in March 2005 regarding its interpretation of ASC 718. ASC 718 requires the fair value of all stock-based employee compensation awarded to employees to be recorded as an expense over the related requisite service period. The Company values any employee or non-employee stock-based compensation at fair value using the Black-Scholes Merton Option Pricing Model. The Company accounts for non-employee share-based awards in accordance with the measurement and recognition criteria of ASC 505-50 "Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees". Foreign Currency Translations and Transactions Assets and liabilities of all foreign operations are translated at year-end rates of exchange, and the statements of operations are translated at the average rates of exchange for the year. Gains or losses resulting from translating foreign currency financial statements are accumulated in a separate component of stockholders' equity until the entity is sold or substantially liquidated. Gains or losses from foreign currency transactions (transactions denominated in a currency other than the entity's local currency) are included in net earnings. Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash investments and accounts receivable. The following tables show the number of the Company's clients which contributed 10% or more of revenue and accounts receivable, respectively:
|  | Year Ended December 31, |  |  | Year Ended December 31, |
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Number of 10% clients |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 3 |
Percentage of total revenue |  |  | 26.49 | % |  |  | 49.63 | %
Percentage of total AR |  |  | 4.94 | % |  |  | 20.68 | %
Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, as required by the accounting standard for income taxes ASC 740. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis, as well as net operating loss carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company is liable for income taxes in Greece and the United Kingdom of England. The corporate income tax rate is 29% in Greece (tax losses are carried forward for five years effective January 1, 2013) and 20% in United Kingdom of England. Losses may also be subject to limitation under certain rules regarding change of ownership. We regularly review deferred tax assets to assess their potential realization and establish a valuation allowance for portions of such assets to reduce the carrying value if we do not consider it to be more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized. Our review includes evaluating both positive (e.g., sources of taxable income) and negative (e.g., recent historical losses) evidence that could impact the realizability of our deferred tax assets. At December 31, 2018 the Company has maintained a valuation allowance against all net deferred tax assets in each jurisdiction in which it is subject to income tax. The Company periodically reviews the uncertainties and judgments related to the application of complex income tax regulations to determine income tax liabilities in several jurisdictions. The Company uses a “more likely than not” criterion for recognizing the income tax benefit of uncertain tax positions and establishing measurement criteria for income tax benefits. The Company has evaluated the impact of these positions and due to the fact that the fiscal years 2013 - 2014 are unaudited by the Greek tax authorities, a potential tax liability has been identified, which may arise from a prospective tax audit from tax authorities, based on the tax settlement note of years 2007 - 2009. The amount of the liability as of December 31, 2018, was $145,504, and has been recorded as a long-term liability within the balance sheet. Retirement and Termination Benefits Under Greek labor law, employees are entitled to lump-sum compensation in the event of termination or retirement. The amount depends on the employee’s work experience and renumeration as of the day of termination or retirement. If an employee remains with the company until full-benefit retirement, the employee is entitled to a lump-sum equal to 40% of the compensation to be received if the employee were to be dismissed on the same day. The Company periodically reviews the uncertainties and judgements related to the application of the relevant labor law regulations to determine retirement and termination benefits obligations of its Greek subsidiaries. The Company has evaluated the impact of these regulations and has identified a potential retirement and termination benefits liability. The amount of the liability as of December 31, 2018, was $23,340, and has been recorded as a long-term liability within the balance sheet. Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) per Common Share Basic income per share is calculated by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted income per share is calculated by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period and, when dilutive, potential shares from stock options and warrants to purchase common stock, using the treasury stock method. In accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share”, the following table reconciles basic shares outstanding to fully diluted shares outstanding.
|  | Years Months Ended December 31, |
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding Basic |  |  | 13,306,612 |  |  |  | 12,780,013 |
Potentially dilutive common stock equivalents |  |  | 257,155 |  |  |  | - |
Weighted average number of common and equivalent shares outstanding - Diluted |  |  | 13,306,612 |  |  |  | 12,780,013 |
Common stock equivalents are included in the diluted income per share calculation only when option exercise prices are lower than the average market price of the common shares for the period presented. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2016-01, “Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” and ASU 2018-03, “Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” ASU 2016-01 contained a number of changes which are applicable to the Company including the following: (1) requires equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income; and (2) allows equity investments without readily determinable fair values to be measured at cost less impairment, if any, plus or minus changes in observable prices (referred to as the “measurement alternative”); ASU 2018-03 also clarified certain aspects of the guidance issued in ASU 2016-01, including requiring a prospective transition approach for equity investments without readily determinable fair value in which the measurement alternative is applied. ASU 2016-01 does not apply to investments accounted for using the equity method, investments in consolidated subsidiaries, FHLB stock, and investments in low income housing tax credit projects. The ASU also eliminated the requirement to classify equity investments into different categories such as “Available-for-sale.” The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), which simplifies the measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the current goodwill impairment test in the event that there is evidence of an impairment based on qualitative or quantitative assessments. ASU 2017-04 does not change how the goodwill impairment is identified, and the Company will continue to perform a qualitative assessment annually to determine whether the two-step impairment test is required. Until the adoption, current accounting standards require the impairment loss to be recognized under Step 2 of the impairment test. This requires the Company to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill by assigning fair value to the reporting unit’s assets and liabilities as if the reporting unit has been acquired in a business combination, then subsequently subtracting the implied goodwill from the carrying amount of the goodwill. The new standard would require the Company to determine the fair value of the reporting unit and subtract the carrying value from the fair value of the reporting unit to determine if there is an impairment. ASU 2017-04 is effective for the Company for fiscal years after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted. ASU 2017-04 is required to be adopted prospectively, and the adoption is effective for annual goodwill impairment tests performed in the year of adoption. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, “Clarifying the Definition of a Business,” with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as an acquisition of assets or a business. ASU No. 2017-01 is effective for the Company’s fiscal year commencing on January 1, 2018. The effect of this guidance is to be applied prospectively and early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU No. 2017-01 did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or the Company’s consolidated results of operations. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases,” which will require lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by most leases on the balance sheet. The changes become effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2020. Modified retrospective adoption for all leases existing at, or entered into after, the date of initial application, is required with an option to use certain transition relief. The Company expects this ASU will increase its current assets and current liabilities, but have no net material impact on its consolidated financial statements. Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company's financial statements.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the nature of an entity's business, major products or services, principal markets including location, and the relative importance of its operations in each business and the basis for the determination, including but not limited to, assets, revenues, or earnings. For an entity that has not commenced principal operations, disclosures about the risks and uncertainties related to the activities in which the entity is currently engaged and an understanding of what those activities are being directed toward. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 275 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=99393423&loc=d3e5967-108592 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 275 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134479 + Details
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