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STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

  12. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

 

In 2009, the Company adopted the Performance Equity Plan 2009 (the “2009 Plan”). The 2009 Plan reserved 500,000 common shares for issuance. The 2009 Plan provides for the issuance of either incentive stock options or nonqualified stock options to employees, consultants or others who provide services to the Company. The Company has 2,364 shares available for grant under the 2009 Plan as of December 31, 2024.

 

In 2016, the Company adopted the 2016 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). The 2016 Plan reserved 600,000 common shares for issuance, provided that, no more than 200,000 common shares be granted as incentive stock options. Awards may be made or granted to employees, officers, directors and consultants in the form of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards. Any shares of common stock granted in connection with awards other than stock options and stock appreciation rights are counted against the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2016 Plan as one and one-half shares of common stock for every one share of common stock granted in connection with such award. Any shares of common stock granted in connection with stock options and stock appreciation rights are counted against the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2016 Plan as one share for every one share of common stock issuable upon the exercise of such stock option or stock appreciation right awarded. In the fourth quarter of 2020, the Company added 800,000 shares to the 2016 Plan, which increased the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2016 Plan to 1,400,000 shares. In the second quarter of 2023, the Company added an additional 800,000 shares to the 2016 Plan, which increased the number of shares for reserved for issuance under the 2016 Plan to 2,200,000 shares. The Company has 308,094 shares available for grant under the 2016 Plan as of December 31, 2024.

 

Stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock in the consolidated statements of operations is summarized as follows:

 

    2024     2023  
Cost of sales   $ 3,675     $ 65,470  
                 
Selling, general and administrative     601,007       705,156  
Total stock-based compensation expense   $ 604,682     $ 770,626  

 

The Company grants restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to its board of directors as partial compensation. These RSUs vest quarterly on a straight-line basis over a one-year period.

 

The following table summarizes activity related to outstanding RSUs for the year ended December 31, 2024:

 

      RSUs    

Weighted Average

Grant Date

 Fair Value of

RSUs

  
Non-vested – January 1, 2024       —     $ —  
Granted       181,323     $ 2.45  
Vested       (181,323 )   $ 2.45  
Forfeited       —     $ —  
Non-vested – December 31, 2024       —     $ —  

 

The Company grants shares of common stock (“Restricted Stock Awards”) to select employees. These shares have various vesting dates, ranging from vesting on the grant date to as late as four years from the date of grant. In the event that the employee’s employment is voluntarily terminated prior to certain vesting dates, portions of the shares may be forfeited. At December 31, 2024, the weighted average remaining amortization period was 1.3 years.

 

The following table summarizes activity related to outstanding Restricted Stock Awards for the year ended December 31, 2024:

 

      Restricted Stock Awards    

Weighted Average

Grant Date

 Fair Value of

Restricted Stock

 Awards  

  
Non-vested – January 1, 2024       167,071     $ 3.25  
Granted       114,104     $ 2.38  
Vested       (44,819 )   $ 3.04  
Forfeited       (83,481 )   $ 2.88  
Non-vested – December 31, 2024       152,875     $ 2.86  

 

The Company grants shares of common stock (“Performance Restricted Stock Awards” or “PRSAs”) to select officers as part of our long-term incentive program that will result in that number of PRSAs being paid out if the target performance metric is achieved. The award vesting is based on specific performance metrics related to accounts payable delinquency, debt, and net income during the performance period. The PRSAs vest at 0% or 100% and all three metrics must be met to vest at 100%. The PRSAs granted under this program will vest on the fourth anniversary of the grant date, subject to the aforementioned performance criteria. At December 31, 2024, the weighted average remaining amortization period was 2.4 years.

 

The following table summarizes activity related to outstanding PRSAs for the year ended December 31, 2024:

 

    PRSAs  

Weighted Average

Grant Date

 Fair Value
of PRSAs  

 
Non-vested – January 1, 2024     48,050   $3.27 
Granted     64,611   $2.91 
Vested     —   $— 
Forfeited     (68,585)  $3.12 
Non-vested – December 31, 2024     44,076   $2.98 

 

The fair value of all RSUs, PRSAs and Restricted Stock Awards is based on the closing price of our common stock on the grant date. All RSUs, PRSAs, and Restricted Stock Awards vest and settle in common stock (on a one-for-one basis).

 

As of December 31, 2024, unamortized stock-based compensation costs related to restricted share arrangements was $209,869.

 

In addition, our income tax liabilities for 2024 and 2023 were reduced by $138,296 and $174,617, respectively, due to recognized tax benefits on stock-based compensation arrangements.