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Stockholders' Equity | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2013
Equity [Abstract] |
Stockholders' Equity | 14. Stockholders’ Equity Preferred Stock - Our authorized preferred stock consists of 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.001, of which no shares have been issued or are outstanding. Common Stock - Our authorized common stock consists of 200,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001, of which 95,814,565 shares and 58,040,230 shares were issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2013, we issued shares of common stock as follows:
|  | Common Stock Shares |  |  | Amount |
Common stock issued for services |  |  | 69,017 |  |  | $ | 198,858 |
Common stock issued for Quest acquisition |  |  | 22,000,000 |  |  |  | 55,000,000 |
Note and interest conversions |  |  | 8,472,539 |  |  |  | 3,148,493 |
Warrant conversions |  |  | 7,232,779 |  |  |  | 21,698,338 |
|  |  | 37,774,335 |  |  | $ | 80,045,689 |
Common Stock for Services - We issued 69,017 shares of common stock to employees and consultants during the year ended December 31, 2013 for $198,858 of services included in operating expenses. Warrants – At December 31, 2012, we had outstanding exercisable warrants, as adjusted, to purchase 6,905,576 shares of common stock at $0.37 per share. On March 29, 2013, we issued an exercisable warrant to purchase 500,000 shares of common stock at $0.37 per share. As of December 31, 2013, there were no outstanding exercisable warrants remaining after the exercise of the warrants on March 29, 2013 for 7,405,576 shares. At December 31, 2012, we had outstanding contingent warrants, as adjusted, to purchase 1,381,113 shares of common stock at $0.37 per share, which were cancelled upon conversion of the Convertible Note on July 16, 2013. See the discussion under Note 9 for further details regarding the issued warrants related to the Convertible Note, subsequent amendment, and exercise of warrants. The following table summarizes the warrants issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2013:
Warrants Issued and Outstanding as of December 31, 2013 |
|  | Date of |  |  | Exercise Price |  |  | Shares of |
Description |  | Issuance |  |  | Expiration |  |  |  | Common Stock |
Exercisable warrants |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Warrant 1-1 |  |  | 03/22/12 |  |  |  | 03/21/17 |  |  | $ | 0.37 |  |  |  | 1,381,115 |
Warrant 1-5 |  |  | 10/10/12 |  |  |  | 10/09/17 |  |  | $ | 0.37 |  |  |  | 5,524,461 |
Warrant 1-6 |  |  | 03/29/13 |  |  |  | 03/21/17 |  |  | $ | 0.37 |  |  |  | 500,000 |
Less warrants exercised |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (7,405,576 | )
Total exercisable warrants |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |
Contingent warrants |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Warrant 1-2 |  |  | 03/22/12 |  |  |  | 03/21/17 |  |  | $ | 0.37 |  |  |  | 345,278 |
Warrant 1-3 |  |  | 03/22/12 |  |  |  | 03/21/17 |  |  | $ | 0.37 |  |  |  | 345,278 |
Warrant 1-4 |  |  | 03/22/12 |  |  |  | 03/21/17 |  |  | $ | 0.37 |  |  |  | 690,557 |
Less warrants cancelled |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (1,381,113 | )
Total contingent warrants |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |
Total warrants issued and outstanding |  |  |  | — |
Stock Option Plan - In October 2012, we adopted our 2012 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2012 Plan”) as the sole plan for providing equity-based incentive compensation to our employees, non-employee directors, and other service providers. The plan allows for the grant of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance awards, and other incentive awards to our employees, non-employee directors, and other service providers who are in a position to make a significant contribution to our success and our affiliates. The purposes of the plan are to attract and retain individuals, further align employee and stockholder interests, and closely link compensation with our performance. The plan is administered by our board of directors. Our policy is to fulfill any exercise of options from common stock that is authorized and unissued. The maximum number of shares of common stock available for grant under the plan is 7,500,000. Stock compensation expense prior to October 2012 related to options granted prior to the Earth911 Merger that was superseded by the 2012 Plan at the time of the Earth911 Merger. The number of shares available for award under the plan is subject to adjustment for certain corporate changes in accordance with the provisions of the plan. Following is a summary of stock option activity from January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2013:
|  | Stock Options |
|  | Number of Shares |  |  | Exercise Price Per Share |  |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share |
Outstanding at January 1, 2012 |  |  | 1,381,115 |  |  | $ | 2.35 |  |  | $ | 2.35 |
Granted |  |  | 1,969,000 |  |  |  | 2.00 – 2.79 |  |  |  | 2.10 |
Canceled/Forfeited |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Outstanding at December 31, 2012 |  |  | 3,350,115 |  |  |  | 2.00 – 2.79 |  |  |  | 2.20 |
Granted |  |  | 1,150,500 |  |  |  | 2.05 – 2.65 |  |  |  | 2.11 |
Canceled/Forfeited |  |  | 358,667 |  |  |  | 2.10 – 2.79 |  |  |  | 2.18 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2013 |  |  | 4,141,948 |  |  |  | 2.00 – 3.25 |  |  |  | 2.48 |
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted was $1.69 and $2.10 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, the intrinsic value of options outstanding was $72,125 and $2,331,698, respectively, and of options exercisable was $22,500 and $1,199,613, respectively. The following additional information applies to options outstanding at December 31, 2013:
Ranges of Exercise Prices |  | Outstanding at December 31, 2013 |  |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life |  |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price |  |  | Exercisable at December 31, 2013 |  |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price |
$2.00 – $3.25 |  |  | 4,141,948 |  |  |  | 8.5 |  |  | $ | 2.48 |  |  |  | 2,939,448 |  |  | $ | 2.63 |
The following additional information applies to options outstanding at December 31, 2012:
Ranges of Exercise Prices |  | Outstanding at December 31, 2012 |  |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life |  |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price |  |  | Excercisable at December 31, 2012 |  |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price |
$2.00 – $2.79 |  |  | 3,350,115 |  |  |  | 9.6 |  |  | $ | 2.20 |  |  |  | 1,922,782 |  |  | $ | 2.27 |
Stock-based compensation expense for stock based incentive awards was $2,194,390 and $1,661,673 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. At December 31, 2013, the balance of unearned stock-based compensation to be expensed in future periods related to unvested share-based awards, as adjusted for expected forfeitures, was approximately $2,435,000. The weighted-average period over which the unearned stock-based compensation is expected to be recognized is approximately 2.2 years. Stock-Based Compensation - We account for all stock-based payment awards made to employees and directors, including stock options and employee stock purchases, based on estimated fair values. We estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model and the value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service period, net of forfeitures. We use the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model as our method of valuation. The fair value is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period. The fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant as determined by the Black-Scholes-Merton model is affected by our stock price as well as other assumptions. These assumptions include the expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, the actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors, and an estimated forfeiture rate. The weighted-average estimated value of employee stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 were estimated using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
|  | Years Ended December 31, |
|  | 2013 |  |  | 2012 |
Expected volatility |  |  | 105 | % |  |  | 155 | %
Risk-free interest rate |  |  | 1.51 | % |  |  | 0.70 | %
Expected dividends |  |  | 0.00 | % |  |  | 0.00 | %
Expected term in years |  |  | 5.8 |  |  |  | 5.4 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 210 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21506-112644 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Regulation S-X (SX) -Number 210 -Section 02 -Paragraph 29, 30, 31 -Article 5 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 310 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 4.E) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27010918&loc=d3e74512-122707 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 4 -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 4.C) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27012166&loc=d3e187143-122770 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Regulation S-X (SX) -Number 210 -Section 08 -Article 4 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) -Number Topic 4 -Section C Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) -Number Topic 4 -Section E Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(d),(e)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Glossary Preferred Stock -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6521494 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Regulation S-X (SX) -Number 210 -Section 04 -Article 3 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21463-112644 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27012166&loc=d3e187085-122770 Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21475-112644 Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 11 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21564-112644 Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21488-112644 Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21484-112644 Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Regulation S-X (SX) -Number 210 -Section 08 -Paragraph d -Article 4 Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 30 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6405834&loc=d3e23285-112656 + Details
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