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EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Equity Incentive Plan
EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
The Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) allows the Company to make awards of various types of equity-based compensation, including stock options, dividend equivalent rights (“DERs”), stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance units, performance shares and other awards, to employees and directors of the Company. As of December 31, 2014, the Company was authorized to issue 1,666,666 shares under the Plan; provided, that no more than 1,250,000 of such shares may be used for grants of restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance units, performance shares and other awards.
The Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Committee”), which has the authority to set the number, exercise price, term and vesting provisions of the awards granted under the Plan, subject to the terms thereof. Either incentive or non-qualified stock options may be granted to employees of the Company, but only non-qualified stock options may be granted to non-employee directors and advisors. However, in either case, the Plan requires that stock options must be granted at exercise prices not less than the fair market value of the common stock on the date of the grant. Options issued under the plan vest over periods as determined by the Committee and expire 10 years after the date the option was granted.
For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we recorded compensation expense of $0.9 million, $0.4 million and $0.7 million, respectively within selling, general and administrative expense. As of December 31, 2014, there was $0.7 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 1.4 years.
The fair value of the options and SARs granted during 2014 was estimated on their respective grant dates using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes model was used with the following assumptions: risk-free interest rates of 1.50% to 1.74%, based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant; dividend yields of zero percent; expected lives of four to five years, based on historical exercise activity; and volatility of 82% to 105% for grants made during the year ended December 31, 2014 based on the historical volatility of our stock over a time that is consistent with the expected life of the option.
The fair value of the options granted during 2013 was estimated on their respective grant dates using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes model was used with the following assumptions: risk-free interest rates of 0.73% to 1.75%, based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant; dividend yields of zero percent; expected lives of four to five years, based on historical exercise activity; and volatility of 105% to 106% for grants made during the year ended December 31, 2013 based on the historical volatility of our stock over a time that is consistent with the expected life of the option.
The fair value of the options granted during 2012 was estimated on their respective grant dates using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes model was used with the following assumptions: risk-free interest rates of 0.62% to 1.03%, based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant; dividend yields of zero percent; expected lives of eight years, based on historical exercise activity; and volatility of 101% to 114% for grants made during the year ended December 31, 2012 based on the historical volatility of our stock over a time that is consistent with the expected life of the option.
The weighted average grant date fair value per share of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was $3.51, $3.72 and $9.72 respectively.
Stock Options.
The following table summarizes stock option activity under the Plan during the year ended December 31, 2014: 
 
 
Number of
Options
 
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
Balance at January 1, 2014
 
565,028

 
$
7.19

Granted
 
264,529

 
5.10

Forfeited
 
(115,222
)
 
5.53

Expired
 
(14,436
)
 
12.03

Balance at December 31, 2014
 
699,899

 
$
6.58

Exercisable at December 31, 2014
 
289,617

 
$
8.87



All stock options outstanding were issued to employees, officers or outside directors.
As of December 31, 2014, 650,952 outstanding options were vested or expected to vest. The weighted average exercise price of these options was $6.58 and the aggregate intrinsic value was zero with a remaining weighted average contractual life of 7.7 years.
As of December 31, 2014, 289,617 options were exercisable with a weighted average exercise price of $8.87 and an aggregate intrinsic value of zero. The weighted average contractual life of these options was 5.9 years.
No options were exercised in 2014 or 2013. During 2012, 1,667 shares were exercised with an intrinsic value of less than $10,000.
The total fair value of shares that vested during each of 2014, 2013 and 2012 was $0.6 million.
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs).
The following table summarizes SARs activity under the Plan during the year ended December 31, 2014:
 
 
Number of
SARs
 
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
Balance at January 1, 2014
 
138,333

 
$
4.32

Granted
 
15,000

 
3.15

Forfeited
 
(34,788
)
 
4.32

Expired
 
(20,212
)
 
4.32

Balance at December 31, 2014
 
98,333

 
$
4.14

Exercisable at December 31, 2014
 
35,208

 
$
4.32


All SARs outstanding were issued to officers.
As of December 31, 2014, 98,333 outstanding SARs shares were vested or expected to vest. The weighted average exercise price of these options was $4.14 and the aggregate intrinsic value was zero with a remaining weighted average contractual life of 8.9 years.
As of December 31, 2014, 35,208 SARs shares were exercisable and no SARs shares were exercised in 2014, 2013 and 2012. At December 31, 2014, a liability of $0.1 million was recorded in accrued expenses.