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Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or U.S. GAAP, as defined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In management’s opinion, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results of the interim periods presented.
Interim financial results are not necessarily indicative of results anticipated for any other interim period or for the full year. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, or the 2021 10-K.
Going Concern
Going Concern
The Company prepared its consolidated financial statements on a going concern basis, which assumes that the Company will realize its assets and satisfy its liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company has a history of losses from operations, expects negative cash flows from its operations to continue for the foreseeable future, and expects that its net losses will continue for at least the next several years as it develops and seeks to bring to market its existing product candidates and to potentially acquire, license and develop additional product candidates. These circumstances raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and reclassification of assets or the amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result from the outcome of the uncertainty of the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.
As of March 31, 2022, the Company had an accumulated deficit of approximately $118.5 million, cash and cash equivalents of approximately $39.3 million, and working capital of approximately $31.4 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company incurred a net loss of approximately $8.4 million and had negative cash flow from operations of approximately $12.3 million.
The Company expects its primary uses of capital to be staff-related expenses, the cost of clinical trials and regulatory activities related to its product candidates, costs associated with contract manufacturing services and third-party clinical research and development services, payments due to third-parties under the Company's in-license and acquisition agreements including upon the occurrence of commercial milestones for XACIATO and development milestones for the Company’s product candidates, legal expenses, other regulatory expenses and general overhead costs. The Company’s future funding requirements could also include significant costs related to commercialization of its product candidates, if approved, depending on the type, nature and terms of commercial collaborations the Company establishes.
The Company expects its expenses, and in particular its research and development expenses, to increase significantly in 2022 compared to 2021 as the Company continues to develop and seek to bring to market its product candidates, with a focus on its product candidates that have reached the human clinical study development phase.
To date, the Company has one FDA-approved product, XACIATO, and has generated no revenue. Commercial launch of XACIATO in the U.S. by the Company's licensee, Organon, is expected in the fourth quarter of 2022. Under the terms of its license agreement with Organon, the Company will receive a $10.0 million non-refundable and non-creditable payment following the effective date of the license agreement and will be entitled to receive tiered double-digit royalties based on net sales and up to $182.5 million in milestone payments as follows: $2.5 million following the first commercial sale of a licensed product in the United States; and up to $180.0 million in tiered commercial sales milestones and regulatory milestones. The Company has devoted significant resources to building its portfolio of product candidates and to research and development activities related to these product candidates. The Company or its licensees must obtain regulatory approvals to market and sell any of its product candidates in the future and to market and sell XACIATO anywhere outside the U.S. The Company will need to generate sufficient safety and efficacy data on each of its product candidates in order to apply for regulatory approvals and for such assets to be attractive assets to potential strategic collaborators to license or to acquire, and for the Company to generate revenue through license fees, royalties on net revenues and commercial milestones related to such product candidates.
Based on the Company's current operating plan estimates, the Company does not have sufficient cash to satisfy its working capital needs and other liquidity requirements over at least the next 12 months from the date of issuance of the accompanying financial statements. The Company will need to raise substantial additional capital to continue to fund its operations and to successfully execute its current strategy. The Company may continue to seek to raise capital through the sale of shares of its common stock under its ATM sales agreement or through other types of equity transactions. However, when the Company can effect such sales and the amount of shares the Company can sell depends on a variety of factors including, among others, market conditions, the trading price of its common stock, its determination as to the appropriate sources of funding for its operations, and the number of authorized shares of common stock that are available for issuance, which is approximately 27 million as of the date hereof. For the foreseeable future, the Company will evaluate and may pursue a variety of capital raising options on an on-going basis, including equity and debt financings, government or other grant funding, collaborations and strategic alliances or other similar types of arrangements, to cover its operating expenses, and the cost of any license or other acquisition of new product candidates or technologies. The amount and timing of the Company's capital needs have been and will continue to depend highly on many factors, including the product development programs the Company chooses to pursue, the pace and results of its clinical development efforts, and the nature and extent of expansion of its product candidate portfolio, if any. If the Company raises capital through collaborations, strategic alliances or other similar types of arrangements, it may have to relinquish, on terms that are not favorable to the Company, rights to some of its technologies or product candidates the Company would otherwise seek to develop or commercialize.
There can be no assurance that capital will be available when needed or that, if available, it will be obtained on terms favorable to the Company and its stockholders. In addition, equity or debt financings may have a dilutive effect on the holdings of the Company's existing stockholders, and debt financings may subject the Company to restrictive covenants, operational restrictions and security interests in its assets. If the Company cannot raise capital when needed, on favorable terms or at all, the Company will not be able to continue development of its product candidates, will need to reevaluate its planned operations and may need to delay, scale back or eliminate some or all of its development programs, reduce expenses, file for bankruptcy, reorganize, merge with another entity, or cease operations. If the Company becomes unable to continue as a going concern, the Company may have to liquidate its assets, and might realize significantly less than the values at which they are carried on its condensed consolidated financial statements, and stockholders may lose all or part of their investment in the Company's common stock. The Company's condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in the 2021 10-K. Since the date of those consolidated financial statements, there have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
GAAP defines fair value as the price that would be received for an asset or the exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date, and also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs, where available. The three-level hierarchy of valuation techniques established to measure fair value is defined as follows:
•Level 1: inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
•Level 2: inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of assets or liabilities.
•Level 3: unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for contracts with customers, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies its performance obligations. At contract inception, the Company assesses the goods or services agreed upon within each contract, assesses whether each good or service is distinct, and determines those that are performance obligations. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.
In a contract with multiple performance obligations, the Company develops estimates and assumptions that require judgment to determine the underlying stand-alone selling price for each performance obligation, which determines how the transaction price is allocated among the performance obligations. The estimation of the stand-alone selling price(s) may include estimates regarding forecasted revenues or costs, development timelines, discount rates, and probabilities of technical and regulatory success. The Company evaluates each performance obligation to determine if it can be satisfied at a point in time or over time. Any change made to estimated progress towards completion of a performance obligation and, therefore, revenue recognized will be recorded as a change in estimate. In addition, variable consideration must be evaluated to determine if it is constrained and, therefore, excluded from the transaction price.
Collaboration Revenues. The Company enters into collaboration and licensing agreements under which it out-licenses certain rights to its products or product candidates to third parties. The terms of these arrangements typically include payment of one or more of the following to the Company: non-refundable, up-front license fees; development, regulatory and/or commercial milestone payments; and royalties on net sales of licensed products.
License Fees. If the license to the Company’s intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified in a contract, the Company recognizes revenues from non-refundable, upfront fees allocated to the license when the license is transferred to the customer and the customer is able to use and benefit from the license. For licenses bundled with other promises, the Company utilizes judgment to assess the nature of the combined performance obligation to determine whether the combined performance obligation is satisfied over time or at a point in time and, if over time, the appropriate method of measuring progress for purposes of recognizing revenue from non-refundable, upfront fees. The Company evaluates the measure of progress each reporting period and, if necessary, adjusts the measure of performance and related revenue recognition. To date, the Company has not recognized any license fee revenue.
Royalties. For arrangements that include sales-based royalties, including milestone payments based on the level of sales, and for which the license is deemed to be the predominant item to which the royalties relate, the Company recognizes revenue at the later of (i) when the related sales occur, or (ii) when the performance obligation to which some or all of the royalty has been allocated has been satisfied (or partially satisfied). To date, the Company has not recognized any royalty revenue.
Product Supply. Arrangements that include a promise for future supply of product for commercial supply at the licensee’s discretion are generally considered as options. The Company assesses if these options provide a material right to the licensee and if so, they are accounted for as separate performance obligations. The Company evaluates whether it is the principal or agent in the arrangement. The evaluation is based on the degree the Company controls the specified product at any time before transfer to the customer. Revenues are recognized on a gross basis if the Company is in the capacity of principal and on a net basis if the Company is in the capacity of an agent. To date, the Company has not recognized any revenue associated with product supply arrangements.

Milestones. At the inception of each arrangement in which the Company is a licensor and that includes developmental, regulatory or commercial milestones, the Company evaluates whether achieving the milestones is considered probable and estimates the amount to be included in the transaction price using the most likely amount method. If it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur, the associated milestone value is included in the transaction price. Milestone payments not within the Company's control, such as where achievement of the specified milestone depends on activities of a third party or regulatory approval, are not considered probable of being achieved until the specified milestone occurs. To date, the Company has not recognized any milestone revenue.