v3.25.4

ACCOUNTING FOR WARRANT LIABILITY | 9 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2025 | Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting For Warrant Liability |  |
ACCOUNTING FOR WARRANT LIABILITY | NOTE 6 – ACCOUNTING FOR WARRANT LIABILITY The Company established the initial fair value of the Private and Public Warrants on July 8, 2024, the date of consummation of the Business Combination, and revalued the warrants on September 30, 2025. Each 10 Warrants entitle the holder to purchase one share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $115.00 per share. For additional terms refer to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4/A filed with the SEC on May 8, 2024. As at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 10,430,800 warrants outstanding, including 4,864,133 Public Warrants and 5,566,667 Private Warrants outstanding. Each 10 Warrants entitle the holder to purchase one share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $115.00 per share. Once the Public Warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding Public Warrants in whole and not in part at a price of $0.01 per warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, only in the event that the last sale price of the Common Stock equals or exceeds $180.00 per share for any 20 trading days within the 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the Public Warrant holders, and that certain other conditions are met. Once the Public Warrants become exercisable, the Company may also redeem the outstanding Public Warrants in whole and not in part at a price of $0.10 per warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, only in the event that the closing price of the common stock equals or exceeds $100.00 per share on the trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption, and that certain other conditions are met. If the closing price of the common stock is less than $180.00 per share (as adjusted) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending three trading days before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders, the Private Warrants must also concurrently be called for redemption on the same terms as the outstanding Public Warrants. The Company, in no event later than twenty (20) Business Days after the closing of its initial Business Combination, shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to file with the Commission a registration statement for the registration, under the Securities Act, of the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants. The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the same to become effective within sixty (60) Business Days following the closing of its initial Business Combination and to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement, and a current prospectus relating thereto, until the expiration or redemption of the warrants in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. If any such registration statement has not been declared effective by the sixtieth (60th) Business Day following the closing of the Business Combination, holders of the warrants shall have the right, during the period beginning on the sixty-first (61st) Business Day after the closing of the Business Combination and ending upon such registration statement being declared effective by the Commission, and during any other period when the Company shall fail to have maintained an effective registration statement covering the issuance of the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants, to exercise such warrants on a “cashless basis,” by exchanging the warrants (in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act or another exemption) for that number of Ordinary Shares equal to the lesser of: (A) the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of Ordinary Shares underlying the warrants, multiplied by the excess of the Fair Market Value less the warrant Price by (y) the Fair Market Value and (B) 3.61 per warrant (“a settlement cap” for accounting purposes). The Private Warrants have terms and provisions that are identical to those of the Public Warrants. However, the Private Warrants are not redeemable by the Company as long as they are held by the Sponsor or its permitted transferees. If the Private Warrants are held by holders other than the Sponsor or its permitted transferees, the Private Warrants will be redeemable by the Company in all redemption scenarios and exercisable by the holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants. The Company’s warrants are not indexed to the Company’s Common Stock in the manner contemplated by ASC Section 815-40-15 because the holder of the instrument is not an input into the pricing of a fixed-for-fixed option on equity shares. Further, there is a settlement cap for Public Warrants, and Private Warrants upon transfer from Sponsor or permitted transferees to other holders, if the holder elects to exercise warrants on a cashless basis if the Company fails to maintain an effective registration statement covering the Common Stock issuable upon warrant exercises throughout the term of the warrants. Maintenance of an effective registration statement is not an input to the fair value option model for a fixed-for-fixed option or forward. As such, the Company’s warrants are accounted for as derivative warrant liabilities which are required to be valued at fair value at each reporting period. The following tables present information about the Company’s warrant liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2025 and December 31 2024, and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value: SCHEDULE OF WARRANT LIABILITIES THAT ARE MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE ON A RECURRING BASIS
Description |  | At September 30, 2025 |  |  | Quoted price in active markets (level 1) |  |  | Significant other observable input (level 2) |  |  | Significant other unobservable input (level 3) |
Warrant liability |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Public warrants |  | $ | 368,701 |  |  | $ | 368,701 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Private warrants |  |  | 421,953 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 421,953 |  |  |  | - |
Total Warrant liability |  | $ | 790,654 |  |  | $ | 368,701 |  |  | $ | 421,953 |  |  | $ | - |
Description |  | At December 31, 2024 |  |  | Quoted price in active markets (level 1) |  |  | Significant other observable input (level 2) |  |  | Significant other unobservable input (level 3) |
Warrant liability |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Public warrants |  | $ | 1,143,071 |  |  | $ | 1,143,071 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Private warrants |  |  | 1,308,166 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,308,166 |  |  |  | - |
Total Warrant liability |  | $ | 2,451,237 |  |  | $ | 1,143,071 |  |  | $ | 1,308,166 |  |  | $ | - |
At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company valued its Public Warrants by reference to the publicly traded price of the Public Warrants. The Company valued its Private Warrants based on the closing price of the Public Warrants since they are similar instruments. The warrant liabilities are not subject to qualified hedge accounting. The Company’s policy is to record transfers between levels at the end of the reporting period. There were no transfers during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025. | NOTE 9 – ACCOUNTING FOR WARRANT LIABILITY The Company established the initial fair value of the Private Placement and Public Warrants on July 8, 2024, the date of consummation of the Business Combination, and revalued the warrants on December 31, 2024. Each 10 Warrants entitles the holder to purchase one share of Common Stock at $115.00 per share. For additional terms refer to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4/A filed with the SEC on May 8, 2024. At December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were 10,430,800 and Nil warrants, outstanding respectively, including 4,864,133 Public Warrants and 5,566,667 Private Placement Warrants outstanding at December 31, 2024 and Nil Public and Private Placement Warrants outstanding at December 31, 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2024, 13,579 Public Warrants were exercised at a price of $115.00, generating proceeds of $1,561,655. Each 10 Warrants entitles the holder to purchase one share of Common Stock at $115.00 per share. Once the Public Warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding Public Warrants in whole and not in part at a price of $0.01 per warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, only in the event that the last sale price of the Common Stock equals or exceeds $180.00 per share for any 20 trading days within the 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the Public Warrant holders, and that certain other conditions are met. Once the Public Warrants become exercisable, the Company may also redeem the outstanding Public Warrants in whole and not in part at a price of $0.10 per warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, only in the event that the closing price of the common stock equals or exceeds $100.00 per share on the trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption, and that certain other conditions are met. If the closing price of the common stock is less than $180.00 per share (as adjusted) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending three trading days before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders, the Private Placement Warrants must also concurrently be called for redemption on the same terms as the outstanding Public Warrants. The Company, in no event later than twenty (20) Business Days after the closing of its initial Business Combination, shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to file with the Commission a registration statement for the registration, under the Securities Act, of the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants. The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the same to become effective within sixty (60) Business Days following the closing of its initial Business Combination and to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement, and a current prospectus relating thereto, until the expiration or redemption of the warrants in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. If any such registration statement has not been declared effective by the sixtieth (60th) Business Day following the closing of the Business Combination, holders of the warrants shall have the right, during the period beginning on the sixty-first (61st) Business Day after the closing of the Business Combination and ending upon such registration statement being declared effective by the Commission, and during any other period when the Company shall fail to have maintained an effective registration statement covering the issuance of the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants, to exercise such warrants on a “cashless basis,” by exchanging the warrants (in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act or another exemption) for that number of Ordinary Shares equal to the lesser of: (A) the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of Ordinary Shares underlying the warrants, multiplied by the excess of the Fair Market Value less the warrant Price by (y) the Fair Market Value and (B) 03.61 per warrant (“a settlement cap” for accounting purposes). The Private Placement Warrants have terms and provisions that are identical to those of the Public Warrants. However, the Private Placement Warrants are not redeemable by the Company as long as they are held by the Sponsor or its permitted transferees. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by holders other than the Sponsor or its permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company in all redemption scenarios and exercisable by the holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants. Stardust Power Inc. and Subsidiaries NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The Company’s warrants are not indexed to the Company’s Common Stock in the manner contemplated by ASC Section 815-40-15 because the holder of the instrument is not an input into the pricing of a fixed-for-fixed option on equity shares. Further, there is a settlement cap for Public Warrants, and Private Placement Warrants upon transfer from Sponsor or permitted transferees to other holders, if the holder elects to exercise warrants on a cashless basis if the Company fails to maintain an effective registration statement covering the Common Stock issuable upon warrant exercises throughout the term of the warrants. Maintenance of an effective registration statement is not an input to the fair value option model for a fixed-for-fixed option or forward. As such, the Company’s warrants are accounted for as derivative warrant liabilities which are required to be valued at fair value at each reporting period. The following tables present information about the Company’s warrant liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2024 and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value: SCHEDULE OF WARRANT LIABILITIES THAT ARE MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE ON A RECURRING BASIS
Description |  | At December 31, 2024 |  |  | Quoted price in active markets (level 1) |  |  | Significant other observable input (level 2) |  |  | Significant other unobservable input (level 3) |
Warrant liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Public warrants |  | $ | 1,143,071 |  |  | $ | 1,143,071 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Private placement warrants |  |  | 1,308,166 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,308,166 |  |  |  | - |
Warrant liability |  | $ | 2,451,237 |  |  | $ | 1,143,071 |  |  | $ | 1,308,166 |  |  | $ | - |
At December 31, 2024 the Company valued its Public Warrants by reference to the publicly traded price of the Public Warrants. The Company valued its Private Placement Warrants based on the closing price of the Public Warrants since they are similar instruments. The warrant liabilities are not subject to qualified hedge accounting. The Company’s policy is to record transfers between levels at the end of the reporting period. There were no transfers during the year ended December 31, 2024.

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