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Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Non-Financial
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Non-Financial  
Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Non-Financial

5. Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Non-Financial Instruments

Financial Instruments:

Fair value is the price that could be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Fair value determination in accordance with applicable accounting guidance requires that a number of significant judgments be made. Additionally, fair value is used on a nonrecurring basis to evaluate assets for impairment or as required for disclosure purposes by applicable accounting guidance on disclosures about fair value of financial instruments. Depending on the nature of the assets and liabilities, various valuation techniques and assumptions are used when estimating fair value. The carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including prepaid expense and accounts payable are shown at cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The Company follows the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, for financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis. The guidance requires fair value measurements be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liabilities.
Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity).

The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Included within cash and cash equivalents on the balance sheet, but excluded from the fair value hierarchy table, are cash deposits held at financial institutions:

Fair value measurement at

reporting date using

Quoted prices

 

in active

 

Significant

 

 

markets for

 

other

 

Significant

 

identical

 

observable

 

unobservable

 

assets

 

inputs

inputs

(in thousands)

    

(Level 1)

    

(Level 2)

    

(Level 3)

September 30, 2023:

 

  

 

  

 

  

Assets

 

  

 

  

 

  

Cash equivalents:

Money market funds

$

27,347

$

-

$

-

Commercial paper

-

998

-

Total cash equivalents

27,347

998

-

Marketable securities:

Certificates of deposit

-

8,912

-

Commercial paper

-

44,818

-

Corporate debt securities

-

20,034

-

U.S. government securities

-

17,463

-

U.S. government agency securities

-

7,974

-

Total marketable securities

-

99,201

-

Total financial assets

$

27,347

$

100,199

$

-

December 31, 2022:

Assets

 

  

 

  

 

  

Cash equivalents:

Money market funds

$

24,578

$

-

$

-

Commercial paper

-

2,491

-

Total cash equivalents

24,578

2,491

-

Marketable securities:

Certificates of deposit

-

28,111

-

Commercial paper

-

58,512

-

Corporate debt securities

-

66,421

-

U.S. government securities

-

1,965

-

Total marketable securities

-

155,009

-

Total financial assets

$

24,578

$

157,500

$

-

Non-Financial Instruments:

Long-lived non-financial assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis for purposes of calculating impairment using Level 3 inputs as defined in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of long-lived assets using Level 3 inputs is determined by estimating the amount and timing of net future cash flows (which are unobservable inputs) and discounting them using a risk-adjusted rate of interest. Significant increases or decreases in actual cash flows may result in valuation changes.

The following non-financial instruments were measured at fair value, on a nonrecurring basis, during the period ended September 30, 2023. The significant assumptions utilized, which relate to future net cash flows, are further described in Note 9:

(in thousands)

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Impairment Losses

Property and equipment, net

$

-

$

-

$

1,367

$

3,205

Right of use assets

-

-

933

2,185

Total

$

-

$

-

$

2,300

$

5,390