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2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 12 Months Ended
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Oct. 31, 2012
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | BASIS OF PRESENTATION: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, OPTCO and GCC. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. USE OF ESTIMATES: The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts and disclosures. Significant estimates include allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable and reserves, inventory obsolescence, depreciation, intangible asset valuations and useful lives, taxes, contingencies, and valuation of financial instruments. These estimates may be adjusted as more current information becomes available, and any adjustment could have a significant impact on recorded amounts. CASH: Cash consists primarily of unrestricted cash on deposit at financial institutions and brokerage firms. PREPAID GREEN COFFEE: Prepaid coffee is an item that emanates from OPTCO. The balance represents advance payments made by OPTCO to several coffee growing cooperatives for the purchase of green coffee. Interest is charged to the cooperatives for these advances. Interest earned was $21,857 and $114,037 as of October 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The prepaid coffee balance was $150,000 and $388,754 as of October 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE: Trade accounts receivable are stated at the amount the Company expects to collect. The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. Management considers the following factors when determining the collectibility of specific customer accounts: customer credit-worthiness, past transaction history with the customer, current economic industry trends, and changes in customer payment terms. Past due balances over 60 days and other higher risk amounts are reviewed individually for collectibility. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate, adversely affecting their ability to make payments, additional allowances would be required. Based on management’s assessment, the Company provides for estimated uncollectible amounts through a charge to earnings and a credit to a valuation allowance. Balances that remain outstanding after the Company has used reasonable collection efforts are written off through a charge to the valuation allowance and a credit to accounts receivable. The reserve for sales discounts represents the estimated discount that customers will take upon payment. The reserve for other allowances represents the estimated amount of returns, slotting fees and volume based discounts estimated to be incurred by the Company from its customers. The allowances are summarized as follows:
|  | 2012 |  |  | 2011 |
Allowance for doubtful accounts |  | $ | 126,674 |  |  | $ | 162,611 |
Reserve for other allowances |  |  | 47,000 |  |  |  | 47 ,000 |
Reserve for sales discounts |  |  | 40,000 |  |  |  | 60,000 |
Totals |  | $ | 213,674 |  |  | $ | 269,611 |
INVENTORIES: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (First in, first out basis) or market, including provisions for obsolescence commensurate with known or estimated exposures. MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT: Machinery and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Purchases of machinery and equipment and additions and betterments which substantially extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized at cost. Expenditures which do not materially prolong the normal useful life of an asset are charged to operations as incurred. The Company also provides for amortization of leasehold improvements. COMMODITIES HELD BY BROKER: The commodities held at broker represent the market value of the Company’s trading account, which consists of option and future contracts for coffee held with a brokerage firm. The Company uses options and futures contracts, which are not designated or qualifying as hedging instruments, to partially hedge the effects of fluctuations in the price of green coffee beans. Options and futures contracts are recognized at fair value in the consolidated financial statements with current recognition of gains and losses on such positions. The Company's accounting for options and futures contracts may increase earnings volatility in any particular period. The Company has open position contracts held by the broker, which are summarized as follows:
|  | 2011 |  |  | 2011 |
Option contracts |  | $ | 253,369 |  |  | $ | 129,750 |
Future contracts |  |  | (1,620,758 | ) |  |  | (1,997,308 | )
Commodities due to broker |  | $ | (1,367,389 | ) |  | $ | (1,867,558 | )
The Company classifies its options and future contracts as trading securities and accordingly, unrealized holding gains and losses are included in earnings and not reflected as a net amount as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. At October 31, 2012, the Company held 319 futures contracts (generally with terms of three to four months) for the purchase of 11,962,500 pounds of green coffee at a weighted average price of $1.66 and $1.86 per pound. The fair market value of coffee applicable to such contracts was $1.55 to $1.65 per pound at that date. At October 31, 2011, the Company held 200 options (generally with terms of two months or less) covering an aggregate of 7,500,000 pounds of green coffee beans at prices ranging from $2.27 to $2.37 per pound. The fair market value of these options, which was obtained from observable market data of similar instruments, was $129,750 at October 31, 2011. The Company held 70 futures contracts (generally with terms of three to four months) for the purchase of 2,625,000 pounds of green coffee at a weighted average price of $2.525 per pound. The fair market value of coffee applicable to such contracts was $2.27 per pound at that date. Included in cost of sales for the years ended October 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company recorded realized and unrealized gains and losses respectively, on these contracts as follows:
|  | Year Ended October 31, |
|  | 2011 |  |  | 2011 |
Gross realized gains |  | $ | 4,112,394 |  |  | $ | 2,504,248 |
Gross realized (losses) |  |  | (4,779,697 | ) |  |  | (3,726,983 | )
Unrealized gains (losses) |  |  | 500,169 |  |  |  | (2,143,057 | )
Total |  | $ | (167,134 | ) |  | $ | (3,365,792 | )
GOODWILL AND TRADEMARKS: The Company has determined that its goodwill and trademarks, which consist of product lines, trade names and packaging designs have an indefinite useful life. The value of the goodwill and trademarks was allocated based on an independent valuation. Goodwill and trademarks are not amortized but are assigned to a specific reporting unit or asset class and tested for impairment at least annually or upon the occurrence of an event or when circumstances indicate that the reporting unit’s carrying amount of goodwill and trademarks is greater than its fair value. As of October 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company has determined that an impairment did not exist. In 2011, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standard ASB ASU 2011-08 Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Testing Goodwill for Impairment, which allows an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under this amendment, an entity would not be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. The amendment includes a number of events and circumstances for an entity to consider in conducting the qualitative assessment. There was no material impact on the Company's results of operations or financial condition upon adoption of the new standard. CUSTOMER LIST AND RELATIONSHIPS: Customer list and relationships consist of a specific customer lists and customer contracts obtained by the Company in the acquisition of OPTCO which are being amortized on the straight-line method over their estimated useful life of twenty years. ADVERTISING: The Company expenses the cost of advertising and promotion as incurred. Advertising costs charged to operations totaled $85,382 and $87,537 for the years ended October 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. INCOME TAXES: The Company accounts for income taxes pursuant to the asset and liability method which requires deferred income tax assets and liabilities to be computed for temporary differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are individually classified as current or non-current based on their characteristics. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The income tax provision or benefit is the tax incurred for the period plus or minus the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities. EARNINGS PER SHARE: Basic earnings per common share were computed by dividing net income by the sum of the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share is computed by dividing the net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus the dilutive effect of common shares issuable upon exercise of potential sources of dilution. The weighted average common shares outstanding used in the computation of basic earnings per share were 6,372,309 and 5,563,802 at October 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The weighted average common shares outstanding used in the computation of diluted earnings per share were 6,639,309 and 5,835,802 at October 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The 267,000 shares that could be exercised pursuant to the warrant agreement attached to the units issued in September 2011 and the additional 5,000 contingent shares issuable in connection with the Second Supplemental Common Stock Payment have been included in the diluted earnings per share calculation because of their dilutive impact.
|  | 2012 |  |  | 2011 |
Net Income |  | $ | 2,485,677 |  |  | $ | 811,930 |
BASIC EARNINGS: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average number of common shares |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
outstanding |  |  | 6,372,309 |  |  |  | 5,563,802 |
Basic earnings per common share |  | $ | 0.39 |  |  | $ | 0.15 |
DILUTED EARNINGS: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average number of common shares |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
outstanding |  |  | 6,372,309 |  |  |  | 5,563,802 |
Warrants |  |  | 267,000 |  |  |  | 267,000 |
Contingent shares - common stock equivalents |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,000 |
Weighted average number of common shares |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
outstanding - as adjusted |  |  | 6,639,309 |  |  |  | 5,835,802 |
Diluted earnings per common share |  | $ | 0.37 |  |  | $ | 0.14 |
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS: The carrying amounts of cash, accounts receivable, notes receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying amount of the bank line of credit borrowings approximates fair value because the debt is based on current rates at which the Company could borrow funds with similar remaining maturities. Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information about the financial instruments when available. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates. REVENUE RECOGNITION: The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the authoritative guidance. Revenue is recognized at the point title and risk of ownership transfers to its customers upon the Company’s shippers taking possession of the goods at the time of shipment because i) title passes in accordance with the terms of the Company’s purchase orders and with its agreements with its customers, ii) any risk of loss is covered by the Company’s customers’ insurance, iii) there is persuasive evidence of a sales arrangement, iv) the sales price is determinable and v) collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured. Thus, revenue is recognized at the point of shipment to its customers. Returns: The Company does not accept returns for damaged goods on packaged coffee and usable green coffee, as the customer takes possession of our product at the point of shipment. In the event a customer claims receipt of damaged goods, the Company, acting as an agent on behalf of the customer, may file a claim for reimbursement with the shipper. The Company is not obligated or required to act as an agent on behalf of its customers, but may make the business decision to do so as a convenience to its customers. The shipper keeps the damaged product. The Company will then ship a completely new order to the customer once a claim has been filed and the Company receives reimbursement or credit from the shipper for the initial shipment. The Company does evaluate the need, if any, of an accrual for returns for damaged goods. To date, returns for damaged goods have been immaterial. The Company estimates that, based on historical trends, that future returns for damaged goods should also be immaterial. In the event that the Company ships an incorrect order or has returns for short dated product, the Company will accept those two types of items back as returns. The amount for these two types of returns are estimated, accrued and recognized at the date of sale. These amounts are included in the determination of net sales. Slotting fees: Certain retailers require the payment of slotting fees in order to obtain space for the Company’s products on the retailer’s store shelves. The cost of these fees are estimated, accrued and recognized at the earlier of the date cash is paid or a liability to the retailer is created. The amounts are included in the determination of net sales. Sales discounts: The amount of sales discounts are estimated, accrued and recognized at the date of the sale. These amounts are included in the determination of net sales. Volume-based incentives: These incentives typically involve rebates or refunds of a specific amount of cash consideration that are redeemable only if the reseller completes a specified cumulative level of sales transactions. Under incentive programs of this nature, the Company estimates and accrues the cost of the rebate when it is taken by the reseller. These amounts are included in the determination of net sales. Cooperative advertising: Under these arrangements, the Company will agree to reimburse the reseller for a portion of the costs incurred by the reseller to advertise and promote certain of the Company’s products. The Company estimates, accrues and recognizes the cost of cooperative advertising programs in the period in which the advertising and promotional activity first takes place. The costs of these incentives are included in advertising expense. SHIPPING AND HANDLING FEES AND COSTS: Revenue earned from shipping and handling fees is reflected in net sales. Costs associated with shipping product to customers aggregating approximately $1,464,000 and $1,390,000 for the years ended October 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, is included in selling and administrative expenses. CONCENTRATION OF RISK: Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash deposits at financial institutions and brokerage firms. Accounts at each institution are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to certain limits. At October 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company had approximately $4,707,815 and $1,249,350 in excess of FDIC insured limits, respectively. The accounts at the brokerage firm contain cash and securities. Balances are insured up to $500,000, with a limit of $100,000 for cash, by the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC). At October 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company had approximately $2,211,371 and $2,802,643 in excess of SIPC insured limits, respectively. See Note 10 for concentration of risks with respect to trade receivables and purchases from accounts payable vendors. OPERATING LEASES: The Company has operating lease agreements for its corporate office and warehouses, some of which contain provisions for future rent increases or periods in which rent payments are abated. Operating leases which provide for lease payments that vary materially from the straight-line basis are adjusted for financial accounting purposes to reflect rental income or expense on thestraight-line basis in accordance with the authoritative guidance issued by the FASB. The excess of straight-line rent over actual payments by the Company of $166,668 and $146,921 is included as deferred rent payable as of October 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. EQUITY METHOD OF ACCOUNTING: Investee companies that are not consolidated, but over which the Company exercises significant influence, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Whether or not the Company exercises significant influence with respect to an Investee depends on an evaluation of several factors including, among others, representation on the Investee company’s board of directors and ownership level, which is generally a 20% to 50% interest in the voting securities of the Investee company. Under the equity method of accounting, an Investee company’s accounts are not reflected within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Income; however, the Company’s share of the earnings or losses of the Investee company is reflected in the caption “Loss from equity method investments” in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company’s carrying value in an equity method Investee company is reflected in the caption “Equity method investments” in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company’s investments in companies that are accounted for on the equity method of accounting consist of the following: (1) 40% interest in Global Mark LLC, which is engaged in the supply of instant coffee and related products, which interest was terminated on December 10, 2012 as described in Note 13; and (2) 10% interest in Healthwise Gourmet Coffees, LLC, a distributor of low acidity coffees. The investments in these companies amounted to $2,100,000. The loss recognized for the year ended October 31, 2012 amounted to $168,069. The net value of these investments as presented on our consolidated balance sheet at October 31, 2012 was $1,931,931.

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