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Note 11 - Stockholders' Equity | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Notes to Financial Statements |
Equity [Text Block] | NOTE 11 - STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Common Stock - The Company has 50,000,000 authorized shares of common stock, $0.001 par value. As of December 31, 2024, and 2023, there were 9,475,443 and 5,727,310 common shares issued and outstanding, respectively. Voting - Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on each matter submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the election of directors, and do not have any right to cumulate votes in the election of directors. Dividends - Subject to the rights and preferences of the holders of any series of preferred stock, if any, which may at the time be outstanding, holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends as our Board of Directors from time to time may declare out of funds legally available. Liquidation Rights - In the event of any liquidation, dissolution, or winding-up of affairs, after payment of all of our debts and liabilities and subject to the rights and preferences of the holders of any outstanding shares of any series of our preferred stock, the holders of common stock will be entitled to share ratably in the distribution of any of our remaining assets. Other Matters - Holders of common stock have no conversion, preemptive, or other subscription rights, and there are no redemption rights or sinking fund provisions with respect to our common stock. All of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock on the date of this Annual Report are validly issued, fully paid, and non-assessable. Preferred Stock - Our Board of Directors has the authority to issue preferred stock in one or more classes or series and to fix the designations, powers, preferences, and rights, the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, redemption prices, liquidation preferences, and the number of shares constituting any class or series, without further vote or action by the stockholders. The issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of delaying, deferring, or preventing a change in control without further action by the stockholders and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of the holders of common stock. The Company has 2,500,000 authorized shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value. As of December 31, 2024, and 2023, there were no preferred shares issued and outstanding. Stock Issuances Since January 1, 2024, the Company has made the following issuances of Common Stock: On January 3, 2024, the Company issued 24,500 shares of Common Stock to settle RSUs. The RSUs were valued at $73,500 for services provided by the Board of Directors in 2023. The Company recognized the stock-based compensation of the award over the requisite service period during the year ended December 31, 2023. On January 3, 2024, the Company issued 85,528 shares of Common Stock to settle RSUs. The RSUs were valued at $289,672 for services provided by management in 2023. The Company recognized the stock-based compensation of the award over the requisite service period during the year ended December 31, 2023. In connection with the issuance, 29,998 shares of Common Stock, with a total value of $104,940, were retired to settle tax withholdings associated with stock-based compensation. On June 24, 2024, the Company issued 11,932 shares of Common Stock to settle RSUs. The RSUs were valued at $36,750 for services provided by the Board of Directors from 2023 to 2024. The Company recognized the stock-based compensation of the award over the requisite service period from 2023 to 2024. On September 12, 2024, the Company issued 26,042 shares of Common Stock to settle RSUs. The RSUs were valued at $116,667 for services provided by management in the last 12 months. The Company recognized the stock-based compensation of the award over the requisite service period during the period ended September 30, 2024. On September 27, 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain investors, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell an aggregate of 3,630,129 shares of Common Stock, 1,369,871 pre-funded warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock, and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 5,000,000 shares of Common Stock, for gross proceeds of up to $10 million. The combined purchase price of one share of Common Stock and one accompanying warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock is $2.00. The combined purchase price of one pre-funded warrant and one accompanying warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock under the Purchase Agreement is $1.999. The Company agreed to issue the Common Stock, warrants, and pre-funded warrants in two tranches: (i) a first tranche comprised of 29,227 shares of Common Stock, 555,302 pre-funded warrants, and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 584,529 shares of Common Stock (collectively, the “First Tranche Securities”); and (ii) a second tranche comprised of 3,600,902 shares of Common Stock, 814,569 pre-funded warrants, and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 4,415,471 shares of Common Stock (collectively, the “Second Tranche Securities”). On September 27, 2024, in connection with the closing of the first tranche, the Company sold and issued the First Tranche Securities for gross proceeds of approximately $1.2 million. On November 12, 2024, in connection with the closing of the second tranche, the Company sold and issued the Second Tranche Securities for gross proceeds of approximately $8.8 million. Warrants On May 17, 2022, the Company entered a warrant purchase agreement with existing stockholders to purchase 3,803,133 shares of Common Stock at an offering price of $3.992 per prefunded warrant, which represents the offering price of $4.00 per share of the Company’s Common Stock less the $0.008 per share exercise price for each pre-funded warrant. The warrants represented gross proceeds of approximately $15,182,075 as part of the Company’s public offering of Common Stock and pre-funded warrants totaling $23,000,000 before underwriting discounts, commissions, and offering expenses payable by the Company. On June 22, 2022, the Company completed a private placement of Senior Notes in an aggregate principal amount of $6,000,000 and warrants to purchase 531,250 shares of Common Stock of the Company to affiliates of Bleichroeder L.P., 21 April Fund, L.P., and 21 April Fund, Ltd. (together, the "Purchasers"), pursuant to a note and warrant purchase agreement (the “Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement”). Additionally, as part of the transaction, the Company issued 28,846 warrants to the placement agent. All warrants issued in this transaction have an exercise price of $5.20 per share, a term of five years, and are exercisable for cash at any time. On October 13, 2023, the Company entered into an amendment to the Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement effective as of September 30, 2023, pursuant to which the Company and the Purchasers extended the maturity date of the Notes from June 20, 2024, to January 1, 2026 (the “Extension”). As consideration for the Extension, the Company issued to the Purchasers additional warrants to purchase an aggregate of 531,250 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.20 per share. The warrants are exercisable at any time prior to the five-year anniversary of the initial exercise date of September 30, 2023. On September 27, 2024 (as described under Stock Issuances), the Company closed on a securities purchase agreement with certain purchasers, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell to such purchasers warrants for the purchase of 584,529 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $2.00 per common share and prefunded warrants for the purchase of 555,302 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.001 per common share. On November 12, 2024 (as described under Stock Issuances), the Company closed on a securities purchase agreement with certain purchasers, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell to such purchasers warrants for the purchase of 4,415,471 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $2.00 per common share and prefunded warrants for the purchase of 814,569 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.001 per common share. The following is a summary of the periodic changes in warrants outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023:
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Outstanding, December 31 |  |  | 5,021,354 |  |  |  | 4,490,104 |
Warrants issued in connection with public offering and private placement |  |  | 6,369,871 |  |  |  | 531,250 |
Exercises and conversions |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Outstanding, December 31 |  |  | 11,391,225 |  |  |  | 5,021,354 |
Stock-based Compensation In 2013, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted a Share Incentive Plan (the “Incentive Plan”). Under the terms and conditions of the Incentive Plan, the Board of Directors is empowered to grant RSUs to officers, directors, and consultants of the Company. At December 31, 2024, 26,040 RSUs were granted and outstanding under the Incentive Plan. Directors of the Company receive share compensation consisting of annual grants of $36,750 ($73,500 for the Chairman of the Board) in RSUs per annum with one-year vesting. In 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted an Equity Incentive Plan (the “2022 Incentive Plan”). Under the terms and conditions of the 2022 Incentive Plan, the Board of Directors is empowered to grant RSUs to officers and directors of the Company. At December 31, 2024, 331,863 RSUs were granted and outstanding under the 2022 Incentive Plan. The Company recognizes compensation costs for RSU grants to Directors and management based on the stock price on the date of the grant. The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense related to RSU grants of $664,434 and $627,904 for the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively. On December 31, 2024, the Company had $616,234 of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock grants. A summary of the status of the RSUs as of December 31, 2024, and changes during the period are presented below:
|  | December 31, 2024 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Weighted |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Average |  |  | Aggregated |
|  | Number of |  |  | Grant-Date |  |  | Intrinsic |
|  | units |  |  | Fair value |  |  | Value |
Outstanding, December 31, 2023 |  |  | 314,461 |  |  | $ | 3.46 |  |  | $ | - |
Granted |  |  | 311,154 |  |  |  | 3.20 |  |  |  | - |
Vested and settled with share issuance |  |  | (148,002 | ) |  |  | (3.49 | ) |  |  | - |
Forfeited |  |  | (119,710 | ) |  |  | (3.38 | ) |  |  | - |
Outstanding, December 31, 2024 |  |  | 357,903 |  |  | $ | 3.25 |  |  | $ | - |

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