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Short-term loans
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Notes and other explanatory information [abstract]  
Short-term loans

  

13.Short-term loans

 

  As of   Interest rate range 
Type of loans  December 31, 2024   (Floating rate)  Collateral
Bank loans  $8,096,627   2.22% - 5.86%  Restricted demand deposit
Restricted time deposit
Other loans   903,124   9.46% - 15.27%  Guarantee deposit
   $8,999,751       

 

   As of   Interest rate range   
Type of loans  December 31, 2023   (Floating rate)  Collateral
Bank loans  $5,124,658   2.30% - 6.55%  Restricted deposit
Other loans   1,840,269   7.57% - 7.86%  Guarantee deposit
   $6,964,927       

 

a)All short-term loans were guaranteed by key management.
b)As of December 31, 2024, most of the short-term loans that have expired have been renewed.
c)Financial assets at amortized cost pledge as collateral.